WO2020101268A1 - Dispositif d'alimentation électrique utilisant un supercondensateur pour le démarrage d'un moteur - Google Patents

Dispositif d'alimentation électrique utilisant un supercondensateur pour le démarrage d'un moteur Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020101268A1
WO2020101268A1 PCT/KR2019/015069 KR2019015069W WO2020101268A1 WO 2020101268 A1 WO2020101268 A1 WO 2020101268A1 KR 2019015069 W KR2019015069 W KR 2019015069W WO 2020101268 A1 WO2020101268 A1 WO 2020101268A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
engine
engine starting
power supply
supercapacitor
secondary battery
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/KR2019/015069
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English (en)
Korean (ko)
Inventor
김성민
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김성민
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Application filed by 김성민 filed Critical 김성민
Publication of WO2020101268A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020101268A1/fr

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
    • F02N11/08—Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines
    • F02N11/0862—Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines characterised by the electrical power supply means, e.g. battery
    • F02N11/0866—Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines characterised by the electrical power supply means, e.g. battery comprising several power sources, e.g. battery and capacitor or two batteries
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R16/00—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for
    • B60R16/02—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R16/00—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for
    • B60R16/02—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements
    • B60R16/03—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for supply of electrical power to vehicle subsystems or for
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
    • F02N11/08—Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
    • F02N11/08—Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines
    • F02N11/087—Details of the switching means in starting circuits, e.g. relays or electronic switches

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a power supply device for starting an engine using a supercapacitor, and more particularly, to a power supply device for starting an engine that is large in power, convenience, and easy to install.
  • the devices equipped with the engine are equipped with a power supply for starting the engine, such as a secondary battery, for starting the engine.
  • a power supply for starting the engine such as a secondary battery
  • lead-acid batteries installed in general automobiles perform this function.
  • the lead acid battery rotates the engine by supplying electric energy to the engine starter motor and supplies power required for other start-up such as preheating to start the engine and repeats the process of being recharged by the generator installed in the operated engine.
  • the output and time that the secondary battery must supply to start the engine vary depending on the ambient temperature of the engine before starting, the time after stopping, etc., and the output that the secondary battery can supply varies depending on the temperature, charging state, and usage time of the secondary battery do.
  • a larger output should be supplied to the starting motor, but the engine may fail to start in a low temperature environment due to a characteristic that the output of the secondary battery decreases due to the low temperature. If the engine fails to start, the engine-mounted device cannot be operated, resulting in economic loss and time loss, such as getting a start-up service or purchasing a secondary battery. If starting fails in a device that must be operated, such as an engine for an emergency generator, huge property loss or human injury may occur.
  • auxiliary power supplies for starting the engine are also used.
  • a large current must be supplied to the starting motor for a short time.
  • Suitable for this purpose is an electrical energy storage device called a Supercapacitor or Electric Double Layer Capacitor.
  • the supercapacitor has a very small internal resistance and is suitable for instantaneously applying a large current.
  • the power supply for passenger cars and small trucks consists of a 12V system.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a state in which a supercapacitor module and a secondary battery according to the prior art are connected in parallel.
  • a super capacitor module 101 and a secondary battery 102 such as a lead acid battery are connected in parallel to be connected to the engine starting motor 104, and the engine starting switch 103 is positioned therebetween.
  • the engine start switch is installed inside the engine start motor, but is separated for convenience of explanation.
  • the supercapacitor module is used in parallel with a secondary battery (12V lead-acid battery), additional current can be supplied from the supercapacitor module, so a larger current can be supplied to the engine starter motor. It can also prevent and prevent the secondary battery from applying a large current, thereby extending the life of the secondary battery.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing that a supercapacitor module according to the related art is used alone for engine startup.
  • the super capacitor module 201 is connected to the engine starting motor 203 and the engine starting switch 202 is located therebetween.
  • Storage battery
  • An object of the present invention for solving the above problems is to provide a cheaper engine start power supply by facilitating the installation of an engine start power supply using a supercapacitor and reducing the supercapacitor capacity.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a smoother engine starting method in a power supply device for starting an engine using a supercapacitor.
  • It consists of a super capacitor connected in series and connected to an engine starter motor, a supercapacitor module, a switch connected between the supercapacitor module and the engine starter motor, and a controller that monitors the voltage change of the secondary battery connected to the engine starter motor and controls the switch.
  • the switch When the engine starter motor operation is detected from the sensor through the controller, the switch is turned on through the controller so that current is supplied from the supercapacitor module to the engine starter motor.
  • It comprises a super capacitor connected in series and connected to the engine starting motor, a super capacitor module, a switch connected in series between the super capacitor module and the engine starting motor, and a manual controller for controlling the switch,
  • It comprises a supercapacitor module connected in series and connected to the engine starter motor, a switch connected between the supercapacitor module and the engine starter motor, a controller for monitoring the operation of the engine starter motor and controlling the switch,
  • the controller is characterized in that a current is supplied from the supercapacitor module to the engine starting motor by delaying the time by a set time from the time when the current is supplied to the engine starting motor by the secondary battery.
  • the power supply for engine starting using the supercapacitor according to the present invention is easy to install, thus reducing the cost and time required for installation, and using the supercapacitor and the secondary battery together to start the engine to enable smooth engine start and supercapacitor.
  • the cost of the supercapacitor module can be reduced by reducing the capacity.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a state in which a supercapacitor module and a secondary battery according to the prior art are connected in parallel.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing that a supercapacitor module according to the related art is used alone for engine startup.
  • FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram showing the connection state of the engine starting power supply using a super capacitor according to the present invention, a secondary battery, and an engine starting motor.
  • FIG. 4 is an embodiment of a circuit for detecting a voltage drop for detecting an operation time of a secondary battery engine starting motor according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a graph measured in the power supply manufactured according to the present invention of FIG.
  • FIG. 6 is an embodiment of a circuit for adjusting the delay time according to the temperature according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a configuration diagram of a power supply using a super capacitor using a current sensor according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a configuration diagram of a power supply using a supercapacitor using a manual switch according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram showing the connection state of the engine starting power supply using a super capacitor according to the present invention, a secondary battery, and an engine starting motor.
  • the supercapacitor module 301 connected to the supercapacitor in series is connected to the engine starter motor 305, and the switch 302 is in series between the supercapacitor module 301 and the engine starter motor 305. Is installed. And the secondary battery 304 is also connected to the engine starting motor 305.
  • the controller 303 detects an operation start time of the engine start motor 305 through voltage change of the secondary battery and controls the switch 302 based on this.
  • Electric energy is stored in the supercapacitor module 301 to supply electric current to the engine starting motor 305.
  • the supercapacitor used in the supercapacitor module 301 is preferably an electric double layer capacitor, and approximately 5 to 6 are connected in series. If necessary, the supercapacitor module 301 may be configured by combining a small supercapacitor in parallel. The higher the charging voltage of the supercapacitor module 301, the electrical energy stored in the supercapacitor module 301 increases exponentially and the current that can be supplied to the engine starting motor 305 also increases. When the series number of the supercapacitor module 301 is 6, the rated voltage of the supercapacitor module 301 is approximately 16V.
  • the voltage of the supercapacitor module before starting the engine is the same as the voltage of the 12V lead acid battery, and the charging voltage is the lead acid battery when the voltage is 12V. It is less than 12.7V, which is a 100% charge voltage.
  • the higher charging voltage of the supercapacitor module 301 of the present invention can supply a larger current to the engine starting motor 305 when the engine starts than the conventional power supply.
  • the switch 302 is normally OFF, and the charging state of the supercapacitor module 301 is maintained by a charger such as a DC-DC converter, and when the engine starts, it is turned ON by the controller 303. It is switched so that current is supplied from the supercapacitor module 301 to the engine start motor 306, and when the engine start is completed, it is turned off again to maintain the supercapacitor module 301 in a charged state.
  • a charger such as a DC-DC converter
  • the switch 302 operates at a high speed and is relatively inexpensive, compact, and has a long lifespan field effect transistor (MOSFET), bipolar transistor (Bipolar Transistor), insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT), thyristor (Thyristor) semiconductor switches such as relays. It is more suitable than mechanical switch.
  • MOSFET metal-oxide-semiconductor
  • Bipolar Transistor bipolar transistor
  • IGBT insulated gate bipolar transistor
  • Thyristor thyristor
  • the secondary battery 304 starts to supply current to the engine starter motor 305.
  • the secondary battery 304 does not supply current only to the engine starting motor 305, but supplies current to devices required for engine starting, such as preheating or fuel pump driving, before the engine starting motor 305 rotates. It is also used as a power source.
  • the secondary battery 304 a lead acid battery is mainly used.
  • 12V lead-acid batteries are used for passenger cars and small trucks.
  • 24V lead-acid batteries in which two 12V lead-acid batteries are connected in series are used. This means that not only the voltage of the secondary battery changes, but the power supply system changes to 24V. Therefore, in the 24V power supply system, the charging voltage of the supercapacitor module 301 should also increase approximately 2 times, and for this, it is desirable to increase the number of series twice.
  • FIG. 4 is an embodiment of a circuit for detecting a voltage drop for detecting an operation time of a secondary battery engine starting motor according to the present invention.
  • the op amp 401 the op amp 401, a diode 402, a capacitor 403, and a resistor 404.
  • the secondary amplifier voltage is input to the non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier 401, and the charging voltage of the capacitor 403 is input to the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier 401.
  • the output of the operational amplifier 401 is connected to the capacitor 403 through a diode 402, and the resistor 404 is connected in parallel to the capacitor 403. If the voltage of the secondary battery input to the operational amplifier 401 by the diode 402 is not higher than the charging voltage of the capacitor 403, the current charging voltage of the capacitor 403 is maintained. That is, the maximum voltage of the secondary battery is stored as the charging voltage of the capacitor 403.
  • the engine start is not only rotating the engine start motor, but also operations such as preparation for engine start, such as preheating, fuel pump operation, and controller operation. Therefore, the voltage of the secondary battery continues to drop as current is supplied to various devices before the current is applied to the engine starting motor. Therefore, in order to detect only the voltage drop of the secondary battery according to the current supply by engine starting, it is necessary to properly discharge the capacitor 403 and update the maximum voltage of the secondary battery stored in the capacitor 403 to the latest value.
  • the resistor 404 continuously discharges the capacitor 403 so that the maximum voltage of the secondary battery stored in the capacitor 403 is maintained at the latest value. It is preferable that the discharge speed of the capacitor 403 is about 5 to 60 seconds for 1V discharge.
  • the maximum voltage of the secondary battery and the current secondary battery voltage are compared using a device such as a comparator. If the voltage drop is greater than the set value, the secondary battery starts supplying current to the engine starting motor. I judge it. When current is supplied to the engine starting motor, an instantaneous voltage drop of approximately 1V or more is generated in the secondary battery.
  • the voltage drop detection of the secondary battery is also possible through a digital processor such as a CPU.
  • the delay time is set between when the supercapacitor module starts to supply current to the engine starting motor after detecting the voltage drop of the set secondary battery, the engine starts more clearly. It is possible to detect when the motor is operating.
  • FIG. 5 is a graph measured in the power supply manufactured according to the present invention of FIG.
  • LMStron's 320F / 2.8V low-resistance supercapacitor was composed of two parallel and six series, and the secondary battery used a 12V / 100Ah lead acid battery.
  • the model name VMO1200-01F, N-channel MOSFET with a current capacity of 1220A from IXYS was used, and a load resistor was used instead of the engine starting motor.
  • the supercapacitor module was charged to 95% of the secondary battery voltage by controlling the current through the gate voltage control of the MOSFET, and was charged to 15.7V, which is much higher than the charging voltage of the secondary battery using a DC-DC converter.
  • the MOSFET opening time for discharging the supercapacitor module was after 0.02 seconds after the voltage drop of the secondary battery occurred more than 1V.
  • the supercapacitor module when the supercapacitor module voltage is higher than the secondary battery voltage and the current supplied to the engine starting motor decreases while the switch is open, that is, when the engine starts normally As the voltage drop of the supercapacitor module decreases and the voltage of the supercapacitor module rises, the supercapacitor module starts charging the secondary battery having a relatively low voltage. Therefore, when the voltage of the secondary battery is higher than the set value, it is necessary to turn off the switch connected to the supercapacitor module to block the discharge of current from the supercapacitor module.
  • the secondary battery voltage setting value for stopping the discharge of the supercapacitor module is preferably 12V or more.
  • the switch connected to the supercapacitor module in order to prevent malfunction due to noise or the like, it is preferable to turn off the switch connected to the supercapacitor module regardless of the voltage drop of the secondary battery when the voltage of the secondary battery is greater than or equal to the set value. For example, when the voltage of the secondary battery is 12 V or more, it is preferable that the switch connected to the supercapacitor module is kept in the OFF state because the engine start motor is not in operation.
  • a supercapacitor having a larger capacity is required for engine starting.
  • the engine is started by using a secondary battery before the current stored in the supercapacitor is supplied to the engine starting motor for engine starting, and the engine starting motor reciprocates the piston of the engine to reduce load and friction.
  • the current stored in the supercapacitor is supplied to the engine starting motor, the current supplied to the engine starting motor increases and the discharge current of the secondary battery decreases, so that the voltage of the secondary battery increases, so that the engine start can be more smoothly finished.
  • the supercapacitor delays the time to supply current to the engine starter motor as much as in winter, the engine start may be completed before the supercapacitor supplies current to the engine starter motor.
  • FIG. 6 is an embodiment of a circuit for adjusting the delay time according to the temperature according to the present invention.
  • the NTC temperature sensor 601 is an element that increases in resistance as the temperature decreases, and the resistance 602 is used to adjust the delay time when necessary, and the capacitor 603 is an engine start signal (VStart). Is a charging element for generating a delay time, and the op amp 604 is a comparator for generating a delay time.
  • the time constant is changed through the NTC temperature sensor 601. As the temperature decreases by the NTC temperature sensor 601, the time constant increases and the delay time increases.
  • the charging voltage of the supercapacitor module increases as described above, the current supplied to the engine starter motor increases, so the charging voltage of the supercapacitor module increases at a low temperature where a large current is required and the charging voltage of the supercapacitor module at a high temperature. It is more desirable to increase the life of the supercapacitor module by reducing the.
  • the detection unit for detecting the engine start signal of the controller is excluded. It is preferable to switch off the power to reduce the current consumption in the standby state since the switch driver can start operation when the engine start signal is detected and the power is supplied during the delay time.
  • FIG. 7 is a configuration diagram of a power supply using a super capacitor using a current sensor according to the present invention.
  • the current sensor 705 is installed on a wire connected to the engine starting motor 706 and is used to detect the amount of current supplied to the engine starting motor 706. Through the current sensor 705, it is possible to detect a time point at which the engine start motor 706 starts to rotate.
  • the secondary battery 704 supplies current to various devices and devices as well as the engine starting motor 706 before starting the engine, but since the current supplied to other devices except the engine starting motor 706 is not large, an appropriate current By setting the value, it is possible to detect a time point at which the engine start motor 706 starts to rotate.
  • the controller 703 may detect the operation of the engine starting motor 706 through the current sensor 705 and determine the opening time of the switch 702 connected to the supercapacitor module 701 based on this.
  • a shunt resistor or a Hall sensor may be used as the current sensor 705.
  • the shunt resistor is connected in series to the cable to which the current is applied by measuring the current using the voltage drop by the current. Since the shunt resistor used to measure large current is very expensive, a cable having a constant cross-sectional area and length can be used as a shunt resistor if high precision is not required.
  • the controller 702 determines the operation of the engine starting motor 706 based on the signal input from the current sensor 705 and turns ON / OFF the switch 702 connected to the supercapacitor module 701. Control. That is, when it is detected that the current above the set value is applied to the engine starting motor 706 through the secondary battery 704 through the current sensor 705, the switch 702 is switched from OFF to ON to supercapacitor module 701. When the current is supplied to the engine starting motor 706 and the engine starting is completed and current supply to the engine starting motor 706 is stopped, the current flowing from the secondary battery 704 decreases and the current sensor 705 Since the detected current decreases, the current decreases below the set value and the switch 702 is turned off.
  • delaying the opening time of the switch connected to the supercapacitor module according to temperature or changing the charging voltage of the supercapacitor module according to temperature has the same effect.
  • a current sensor is used to detect the operation of the engine starting motor, but a sensor capable of detecting the engine starting motor or the rotation of the engine is used, or the starting signal input to the engine starting motor is also detected and used. It has the same effect.
  • FIG. 8 is a configuration diagram of a power supply using a supercapacitor using a manual switch according to the present invention.
  • another embodiment according to the present invention is a super capacitor module 801, a switch 802, a controller 803, a secondary battery 804, a manual switch 805, an engine starting motor 806 It includes. Except for the manual switch 805, the functions and roles are the same as described above.
  • the power supply for starting the engine is mounted on a device such as a vehicle, but there is also a mobile type.
  • a device such as a vehicle
  • an external power supply for engine start is attached to the secondary battery for engine start.
  • the switch 802 may be switched from the OFF state to the ON state to supply current from the supercapacitor module 801 to the engine start motor 806.
  • the manual switch 805 is operated to switch the 802 to the OFF state, so that the supercapacitor module 801 is charged. This method can be very useful in a variety of sudden and complex situations, such as a failure or malfunction of the controller.
  • the power supply for engine starting according to the present invention is very easy to install because it is connected to an existing cable connected to the secondary battery, and since the secondary battery and the supercapacitor module are used together to drive the engine starter motor, the capacity of the supercapacitor used in the supercapacitor module Can reduce the price of the supercapacitor module, and the engine starting method can be appropriately changed according to the engine state change according to the environment to further increase the probability of success in starting the engine and use the supercapacitor efficiently.
  • a power supply device including a secondary battery is disclosed, but when a secondary battery already installed for engine startup is used, a power supply device using a supercapacitor according to the present invention can be connected to and used with a secondary battery already installed. Therefore, the secondary battery is not an essential component of the power supply device using the supercapacitor according to the present invention.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif d'alimentation électrique utilisant un supercondensateur pour le démarrage d'un moteur. Un dispositif d'alimentation électrique utilisant un supercondensateur pour le démarrage d'un moteur selon la présente invention convertit un commutateur connecté à un module supercondensateur à un état MARCHE en détectant le moment de début du démarrage d'un moteur, ce qui permet à l'énergie électrique stockée dans le module supercondensateur d'être utilisée pour faire tourner un moteur de démarreur de moteur. Par conséquent, l'installation du dispositif d'alimentation électrique pour le démarrage d'un moteur est facilitée, ce qui permet d'économiser du temps et les coûts. De plus, un procédé de démarrage est changé lorsque l'état d'un moteur change selon l'environnement, permettant ainsi un démarrage plus souple. En outre, la capacité du supercondensateur utilisé peut être réduite. Par conséquent, l'invention produit un dispositif d'alimentation électrique qui utilise un module supercondensateur moins onéreux pour le démarrage d'un moteur.
PCT/KR2019/015069 2018-11-13 2019-11-07 Dispositif d'alimentation électrique utilisant un supercondensateur pour le démarrage d'un moteur WO2020101268A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
KR10-2018-0138623 2018-11-13
KR1020180138623A KR20200055241A (ko) 2018-11-13 2018-11-13 슈퍼캐패시터를 사용한 엔진시동용 전원장치

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20030085338A (ko) * 2002-04-30 2003-11-05 가부시키가이샤 미쿠니 내부 연소 엔진용 전원 유닛
JP2004003434A (ja) * 2002-04-26 2004-01-08 Denso Corp エンジン始動システム
JP2010038132A (ja) * 2008-08-08 2010-02-18 Toyota Motor Corp 車両の電源装置
JP2010523882A (ja) * 2007-04-04 2010-07-15 クーパー テクノロジーズ カンパニー 負荷に電力を供給する方法及びシステム
JP2016100932A (ja) * 2014-11-19 2016-05-30 株式会社コタック 車両用電源のバックアップ電源システム

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2004003434A (ja) * 2002-04-26 2004-01-08 Denso Corp エンジン始動システム
KR20030085338A (ko) * 2002-04-30 2003-11-05 가부시키가이샤 미쿠니 내부 연소 엔진용 전원 유닛
JP2010523882A (ja) * 2007-04-04 2010-07-15 クーパー テクノロジーズ カンパニー 負荷に電力を供給する方法及びシステム
JP2010038132A (ja) * 2008-08-08 2010-02-18 Toyota Motor Corp 車両の電源装置
JP2016100932A (ja) * 2014-11-19 2016-05-30 株式会社コタック 車両用電源のバックアップ電源システム

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KR20200055241A (ko) 2020-05-21

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