WO2020088473A1 - 单纤双向光组件及光模块 - Google Patents

单纤双向光组件及光模块 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020088473A1
WO2020088473A1 PCT/CN2019/114108 CN2019114108W WO2020088473A1 WO 2020088473 A1 WO2020088473 A1 WO 2020088473A1 CN 2019114108 W CN2019114108 W CN 2019114108W WO 2020088473 A1 WO2020088473 A1 WO 2020088473A1
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Prior art keywords
optical
filter
optical axis
light
analyzer
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PCT/CN2019/114108
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English (en)
French (fr)
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葛建平
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青岛海信宽带多媒体技术有限公司
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Priority to US16/730,724 priority Critical patent/US20200174204A1/en
Publication of WO2020088473A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020088473A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/42—Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements
    • G02B6/4201—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details
    • G02B6/4204—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details the coupling comprising intermediate optical elements, e.g. lenses, holograms
    • G02B6/4207—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details the coupling comprising intermediate optical elements, e.g. lenses, holograms with optical elements reducing the sensitivity to optical feedback
    • G02B6/4208—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details the coupling comprising intermediate optical elements, e.g. lenses, holograms with optical elements reducing the sensitivity to optical feedback using non-reciprocal elements or birefringent plates, i.e. quasi-isolators
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
    • G02B6/27—Optical coupling means with polarisation selective and adjusting means
    • G02B6/2706—Optical coupling means with polarisation selective and adjusting means as bulk elements, i.e. free space arrangements external to a light guide, e.g. polarising beam splitters
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
    • G02B6/27—Optical coupling means with polarisation selective and adjusting means
    • G02B6/2753—Optical coupling means with polarisation selective and adjusting means characterised by their function or use, i.e. of the complete device
    • G02B6/2773—Polarisation splitting or combining
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/42—Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements
    • G02B6/4201—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details
    • G02B6/4204—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details the coupling comprising intermediate optical elements, e.g. lenses, holograms
    • G02B6/4207—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details the coupling comprising intermediate optical elements, e.g. lenses, holograms with optical elements reducing the sensitivity to optical feedback
    • G02B6/4208—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details the coupling comprising intermediate optical elements, e.g. lenses, holograms with optical elements reducing the sensitivity to optical feedback using non-reciprocal elements or birefringent plates, i.e. quasi-isolators
    • G02B6/4209—Optical features
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/25—Arrangements specific to fibre transmission
    • H04B10/2589—Bidirectional transmission
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/42—Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements
    • G02B6/4201—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details
    • G02B6/4204—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details the coupling comprising intermediate optical elements, e.g. lenses, holograms
    • G02B6/4213—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details the coupling comprising intermediate optical elements, e.g. lenses, holograms the intermediate optical elements being polarisation selective optical elements

Definitions

  • the embodiments of the present application relate to the technical field of optical communication, and in particular, to a single-fiber bidirectional optical component and an optical module.
  • Single-fiber bidirectional optical components (Bi-directional Optical Sub-Assembly, BOSA) is an important device for achieving single-fiber bidirectional communication.
  • Embodiments of the present application provide a single-fiber bidirectional optical component and an optical module.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a single-fiber bidirectional optical component, including: a laser chip, a Faraday rotator, an analyzer filter, a detector chip, and an optical fiber ferrule;
  • the laser chip, the Faraday rotator, the analyzer filter and the fiber ferrule are sequentially arranged on the first optical axis, the detector chip is arranged on the second optical axis, and the analyzer filter is inclinedly arranged on the first optical axis and the second optical axis Interchange
  • the polarized light emitted by the laser chip is rotated by the Faraday rotator, its polarization state direction is the same as the analysis direction of the analysis filter, and the polarization filter is injected into the fiber ferrule for transmission. After being reflected by the filter, it is incident on the detector chip.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides an optical module including the single-fiber bidirectional optical component as described in the first aspect.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a single-fiber bidirectional optical component provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle of the polarization filter provided by the embodiment of the present application to realize the polarization function
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a single-fiber bidirectional optical component provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an optical path of a single-fiber bidirectional optical component provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a single-fiber bidirectional optical component provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • first and second in this application are only for identification purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying a sequence relationship, relative importance, or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated.
  • Multiple means two or more.
  • “And / or” describes the relationship of the related objects, indicating that there can be three relationships, for example, A and / or B, which can indicate: there are three conditions: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone.
  • the character “/” generally indicates that the related object is a "or" relationship.
  • One embodiment or “one embodiment” mentioned throughout the specification of the present application means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic related to the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the present application. Therefore, “in one embodiment” or “in one embodiment” appearing throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. It should be noted that the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other if there is no conflict.
  • the cost of a single fiber bidirectional optical component accounts for more than 80%
  • the cost of an isolator accounts for more than 20% of the cost of a single fiber bidirectional optical component. Reducing the cost of single-fiber bidirectional optical components and improving production efficiency have become the focus of various communications companies, while reducing the cost of isolator can effectively reduce the cost of single-fiber bidirectional optical components.
  • An isolator is a passive device that only allows light to travel positively along the optical path and prevents reflected light from returning to the laser.
  • the light emitted by the laser is reflected by the fiber end face and the jumper connector, and part of the light will return to the laser along the original optical path.
  • the intensity of the reflected light reaches a certain level, it will affect the modulation and spectral characteristics of the laser. Affect the transmission quality of the transmitted signal.
  • the isolator in the single-fiber bidirectional optical module includes a polarizer-Faraday rotator-polarizer three-plate isolator, and a Faraday rotator-polarizer two-chip isolator.
  • the two-piece isolator saves one polarizer, and its production cost and material cost have advantages.
  • the isolation principle of the two-piece isolator optical component is: the polarized light emitted by the laser chip does not change after the convergence lens is converged. After the condensed polarized light passes through the Faraday rotator, the polarization state of the light is counterclockwise Rotate 45 degrees. When the polarized light passes through the analyzer, the polarization state of the light is consistent with that of the analyzer. The light passes through the analyzer, and then the polarized light passes through the 45-degree filter and is coupled into the fiber for transmission.
  • the function of transmitting optical signals is realized; the light emitted by the fiber core is reflected by a 45-degree filter, the optical path is deflected by 90 degrees, and then condensed by a condensing lens, and then converged on the detector chip to realize the optical signal receiving function;
  • the reflected light reflected from the end face of the fiber core and the inside of the optical fiber has a random polarization state. After the reflected light passes through the 45-degree filter, the polarization state of the light is still random. After the reflected light passes through the analyzer, the Polarized light in the same polarization detection direction of the polarizer passes through, and light in other polarization states is absorbed, greatly reducing the energy of the reflected light.
  • the polarization state of the light continues to rotate counterclockwise by 45 degrees (as viewed from the direction of light emission). At this time, the polarization state of the light is rotated by 90 degrees compared to the incident state.
  • the energy of the reflected light is not only greatly weakened but also the polarization state of the reflected light is The polarization state of the emitted light is vertical, which will not affect the normal operation of the laser.
  • the packaging of the laser chip and the bonding of the isolator are directional.
  • the bonding direction of the isolator must be fixed to ensure that the polarization state of the light is the same as that of the analyzer after being rotated by the Faraday rotator. Therefore, in the production process of the isolator, it is necessary to make a polarization marking point on the outside of the isolator to mark the analysis direction of the analyzer. If the bonding direction deviates, the light passing through the analyzer will be weakened. The greater the deviation, the greater the loss of light, resulting in damage to the transmitted light signal, which in turn affects the transmission quality of the transmitted signal.
  • This application proposes a new type of single-fiber bidirectional optical component and optical module. The following describes this application in detail through specific embodiments.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a single-fiber bidirectional optical component provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the single-fiber bidirectional optical component provided in this embodiment may include: a laser chip 11, a Faraday rotator 12, an analysis filter 13, a detector chip 14, and an optical fiber ferrule 15.
  • the laser chip 11, the Faraday rotator 12, the analysis filter 13 and the optical fiber ferrule 15 are sequentially arranged on the first optical axis X, the detector chip is arranged on the second optical axis Y, and the analysis filter 13 is inclinedly arranged on the first The intersection of an optical axis X and a second optical axis Y.
  • the analyzer filter 13 is tilted to the left, the detector chip 14 is located above the X axis, and when the analyzer filter 13 is tilted to the right, the detector chip 14 is located below the X axis.
  • the orientations in are described using the orientation shown in FIG. 1 as an example.
  • the angle at which the analyzer filter 13 is tilted can be set according to the actual situation, so that the optical signal reflected by the analyzer filter can be received by the detector chip. This embodiment does not specifically limit the angle at which the tilt is set.
  • the Faraday rotator 12 and the analyzer filter 13 together constitute an isolation and splitting system 10 for a single-fiber bidirectional optical component, and realize the dual functions of splitting and isolation.
  • the isolation light splitting system 10 is used to transmit the transmitted optical signal emitted by the laser chip 11 to the optical fiber ferrule 15 for transmission, and reflect the received optical signal received by the optical fiber ferrule 15 to the detector chip 14 while preventing the reflected light from returning to the laser chip 11 .
  • the polarization state direction is the same as the analysis direction of the analysis filter 13, and the polarization filter 13 enters the fiber ferrule 15 for transmission, and comes from the fiber ferrule The light of 15 is reflected by the analyzer filter 13 and enters the detector chip 14.
  • the wavelength of the polarized light emitted by the laser chip 11 is different from the wavelength of the light that the detector chip 14 can receive.
  • the polarized light emitted by the laser chip 11 is polarized by the Faraday rotator 12 and its polarization state direction is consistent with the analysis direction of the analysis filter 13 to ensure that as much polarized light as possible emitted by the laser chip 11 passes through the detection
  • the partial filter 13 reduces the optical loss and improves the coupling efficiency, thereby improving the reliability of optical communication.
  • the analyzer filter 13 in this embodiment transmits P light and reflects S light.
  • the polarized light emitted by the laser chip 11 is rotated by the Faraday rotator 12 and its polarization state is rotated 45 degrees counterclockwise (as viewed from the light emission direction), which is consistent with the analysis direction of the analysis filter 13 .
  • Polarized light consistent with the analysis direction of the analysis filter 13 passes through the analysis filter 13, converges at the fiber end face of the fiber ferrule 15 and is coupled to the fiber in the fiber ferrule 15 for transmission; from the fiber ferrule 15
  • the reflected light reflected from the fiber end face and the inside of the fiber, the polarization state of the light is random, only the light whose polarization state is consistent with the analysis direction of the analysis filter 13 in the reflected light can pass the analysis filter 13, other polarizations
  • the light in the state is reflected, so that the energy of the reflected light passing through the analysis filter 13 is greatly weakened.
  • the polarization state of the reflected light continues to rotate counterclockwise by 45 degrees (as viewed from the direction of light emission) ), The polarization state of the reflected light is rotated by 90 degrees compared to the polarization state of the emitted light.
  • the reflected light energy is not only greatly weakened but also the polarization state of the reflected light and the polarization state of the emitted light are perpendicular to each other, which has little effect on the normal operation of the laser chip 11.
  • the single-fiber bidirectional optical component provided in this embodiment includes a laser chip, a Faraday rotator, an analysis filter, a detector chip, and an optical fiber ferrule.
  • the laser chip, the Faraday rotator, the analyzer filter and the fiber ferrule are sequentially arranged on the first optical axis
  • the detector chip is arranged on the second optical axis
  • the analyzer filter is inclinedly arranged on the first optical axis and the second light Intersection of shafts.
  • the polarized light emitted by the laser chip is rotated by the Faraday rotator, its polarization state direction is consistent with the analysis direction of the analysis filter, so it can be transmitted into the fiber ferrule through the analysis filter for transmission, thereby realizing the emission of optical signals ;
  • the light from the optical fiber ferrule is reflected by the analyzer filter and enters the detector chip, which realizes the reception of the optical signal, that is, the single-fiber bidirectional optical communication is realized.
  • the single-fiber bidirectional optical component uses a Faraday rotator and an analyzer filter to allow the light emitted by the laser chip to enter the fiber ferrule for transmission, and for the fiber end face and fiber from the fiber ferrule
  • the reflected light with random polarization state reflected back inside allows only the light in the same direction as the analyzer filter to enter the Faraday rotator through the analyzer filter, the energy of the reflected light is greatly weakened, and enters the Faraday rotator
  • the polarization state is perpendicular to the polarization state of the polarized light emitted by the laser chip, which will not affect the normal operation of the laser chip, that is, the dual functions of splitting and isolation are realized, and the single fiber bidirectional optical component is simplified. Light path reduces material cost.
  • the single-fiber bidirectional optical component provided in this embodiment can save an analyzer compared to the single-fiber bidirectional optical component using a two-chip isolator, which not only makes the optical path of the single-fiber bidirectional optical component simpler , And can reduce material costs.
  • the Faraday rotator in the single-fiber bidirectional optical module provided in this embodiment does not need to fix the bonding direction when bonding, which not only can effectively avoid the optical loss caused by the deviation of the bonding direction, but also simplifies the bonding process , Can greatly improve production efficiency.
  • first optical axis and the second optical axis may be arranged vertically.
  • an implementation manner of the dual functions of splitting and analyzing the analyzer filter of the single-fiber bidirectional optical component may be: a film layer of the first refractive index and a layer of the first refractive index are sequentially deposited on the surface of the analyzer filter The second refractive index film layer; wherein, the first refractive index is greater than the second refractive index.
  • a film layer of the first refractive index and a film layer of the second refractive index may be sequentially deposited on either surface of the analyzer filter, or alternatively, both surfaces of the analyzer filter may be sequentially The first refractive index film layer and the second refractive index film layer.
  • an implementation manner of the dual functions of splitting and analyzing the analyzer filter of the single-fiber bidirectional optical component may be: alternately coating a layer of the first refractive index on the surface of the analyzer filter and The second refractive index film layer; wherein, the first refractive index is greater than the second refractive index.
  • the film layer of the first refractive index and the film layer of the second refractive index may be alternately plated on any one surface of the analyzer filter, or alternatively, may be alternated on both surfaces of the analyzer filter The first refractive index film layer and the second refractive index film layer.
  • the first refractive index film layer and the second refractive index film layer are both disposed on the side of the analyzer filter facing the Faraday rotator.
  • the first refractive index film layer and the second refractive index film layer are both disposed on the side of the analyzer filter facing the optical fiber ferrule.
  • both the side of the analyzer filter facing the optical fiber ferrule and the side facing the optical fiber ferrule are provided with a film layer of a first refractive index and a film layer of a second refractive index.
  • the analyzer filter simultaneously selects the light emitted by the laser and the light transmitted by the optical fiber according to different wavelengths.
  • the wavelength and frequency of the light emitted by the laser and the light transmitted by the optical fiber are different.
  • the thickness and the number of layers of the first refractive index film layer and the second refractive index film layer are not limited.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle of the polarization filter provided by the embodiment of the present application to realize the polarization function.
  • each rectangular frame in the figure represents a layer of film, and the refractive indexes of adjacent layers are different.
  • a dotted rectangular frame in FIG. 2 represents several layers of film not shown in the figure.
  • the transmitted light intensity is large, but the degree of polarization is small.
  • the first film layer with a high refractive index and the second film layer with a low refractive index are alternately plated on the surface of the slide glass, so that the light undergoes multiple reflections and refractions between the film layers to realize S light reflection, P Light transmission analysis function. If the incident light is P light, all the light passes through the analysis filter to realize the analysis function.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the optical path of a single-fiber bidirectional optical component provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the laser is assembled in a specific direction to ensure that the polarization direction of the outgoing light is at a 45-degree angle to the placement plane of the single-fiber bidirectional optical component.
  • the state is rotated 45 degrees counterclockwise (as viewed from the direction of light emission).
  • the light incident on the analyzer filter is all P light, and all of them pass through the glass slide to realize the analyzer function.
  • the analysis filter needs to meet the following conditions to achieve the analysis function: the incident light is incident on the glass surface at the Brewster angle; the laser is assembled in a specific direction so that after the Faraday rotation of the light, the light incident on the analysis filter is guaranteed to be P light.
  • Faraday's role is to rotate the polarization state of light by 45 degrees, as long as the light entrance surface is perpendicular to the direction of the light when Faraday is assembled, the optical rotation function can be achieved.
  • the traditional two-piece isolator is composed of Faraday and the analyzer glued together.
  • the polarization state of the light after Faraday rotation must be consistent with the analysis direction of the analyzer to pass the light. Therefore, the analyzer must ensure the analyzer when it is assembled. It is at a 45-degree angle to the polarization state of the laser light. From the direction of the emitted light, the analyzer's analysis direction rotates 45 degrees counterclockwise relative to the light polarization direction.
  • the conventional isolator needs to be fixed in direction when assembled, otherwise the side light will be absorbed by the analyzer.
  • the light emitted by the laser chip is polarized by the Faraday rotator, and its polarization state is consistent with the analysis direction of the analysis filter, that is, P light can be transmitted to the fiber in the fiber ferrule through the analysis filter to realize the optical signal Emission; the reflected light reflected from the end face of the fiber core and the inside of the fiber has a random polarization state. It can be understood that it contains a large amount of S light. After passing through the analysis filter, a large amount of S light is isolated and the reflected light energy was greatly weakened.
  • the first refractive index film layer and the second refractive index film layer in this embodiment may be determined according to the wavelength of light transmitting signals in single-fiber bidirectional optical communication.
  • the film layer of the first refractive index in this embodiment may be a tantalum pentoxide Ta 2 O 5 film layer
  • the second refractive index film layer may be a silicon dioxide SiO 2 film layer. It can be understood that the first refractive index film layer and the second refractive index film layer can also be replaced by other film layers with the same or similar refractive indexes.
  • the single-fiber bidirectional optical module provided in this embodiment is provided with a film layer of a first refractive index and a film layer of a second refractive index alternately plated on the surface of the analyzer filter, so that the analyzer filter is provided with splitting and analyzer
  • the dual functions of the Faraday rotator and the Faraday rotator realize the dual functions of isolation and splitting.
  • the single-fiber bidirectional optical component provided by this embodiment realizes the dual functions of splitting and isolation through a Faraday rotator and an analyzer filter.
  • the Faraday rotator in the single-fiber bidirectional optical component provided in this embodiment does not need to fix the bonding direction when bonding, Not only can it effectively avoid the optical loss caused by the deviation of the bonding direction, but also simplify the bonding process, which can greatly improve production efficiency.
  • the first refractive index film layer may be a tantalum pentoxide Ta 2 O 5 film layer
  • the second refractive index film layer may be a silicon dioxide SiO 2 film layer
  • the wavelength of the light emitted by the laser chip 11 may be 1490 nm, and the wavelength of the light received by the detector chip 14 may be 1310 nm.
  • the angle between the analysis filter 13 and the first optical axis may be (45 ⁇ 0.5) degrees.
  • a first condensing lens 16 on the first optical axis X may be provided between the laser chip 11 and the Faraday rotator 12, and the first condensing lens 16 is used to condense the polarized light emitted by the laser chip 11 to Faraday rotator 12 so that as much light as possible is finally converged on the fiber ferrule for transmission.
  • the first condensing lens 16 condenses the polarized light emitted by the laser chip 11 to improve the coupling efficiency of the emitted optical signal.
  • a second condensing lens 17 located on the second optical axis Y may be disposed between the detector chip 14 and the analyzer filter 13.
  • the second condenser lens 17 is used to reflect the analyzer filter 13. Light converges to the detector chip 14.
  • the second condensing lens 17 condenses the light reflected by the analysis filter 13 to improve the coupling efficiency of the received optical signal.
  • a zero-degree filter 18 on the second optical axis Y may also be disposed between the second condensing lens 17 and the analysis filter 13. By filtering the light reflected by the analysis filter 13 through the zero-degree filter 18, the interference of the interference optical signal on the received optical signal can be avoided, wherein the interference optical signal includes an optical signal whose wavelength is not equal to the wavelength of the received optical signal.
  • the single-fiber bidirectional optical component provided in this embodiment may include: a laser chip 11, a Faraday rotator 12, an analysis filter 13, a detector chip 14, an optical fiber ferrule 15, a first condensing lens 16, The second condenser lens 17 and the zero-degree filter 18.
  • the laser chip 11, the first condensing lens 16, the Faraday rotator 12, the analyzer filter 13 and the optical fiber ferrule 15 are sequentially arranged on the first optical axis, the detector chip 14, the second condensing lens 17 and the zero-degree filter 18 They are sequentially arranged on the second optical axis, and the analyzer filter 13 is arranged at the intersection of the first optical axis and the second optical axis that are perpendicular to each other.
  • the polarized light emitted by the laser chip 11 is condensed to the Faraday rotator 12 through the first condensing lens 16, and after polarized by the Faraday rotator 12, its polarization state is rotated counterclockwise by 45 degrees (See), polarized light in the same direction as the analysis filter 13 passes through the analysis filter 13, converges at the end face of the fiber ferrule 15 and is coupled to the fiber in the fiber ferrule 15 for transmission; from the fiber
  • the optical fiber end face of the ferrule 15 and the reflected light reflected back from inside, the polarization state of the light is random, and only the light whose polarization state is consistent with the analysis direction of the analysis filter 13 in the reflected light can pass through the analysis filter 13,
  • the light of other polarization states are reflected, so that the energy of the reflected light passing through the analysis filter 13 is greatly weakened.
  • the polarization state of the reflected light continues to rotate counterclockwise by 45 degrees (from the light Seen in the emission direction), the reflected light is converged to the laser chip 11 through the first condensing lens 16, and the polarization state of the reflected light is rotated by 90 degrees compared with the polarization state of the emitted light.
  • the reflected light energy is not only greatly weakened but also the polarization state of the reflected light and the polarization state of the emitted light are perpendicular to each other, which will not affect the normal operation of the laser chip 11.
  • the polarization state of the light emitted by the laser chip 11 is 45 degrees to the placement plane of the single-fiber bidirectional optical component, and after being rotated by the Faraday rotator 12, the polarization state of the emitted light and the analysis direction of the analysis filter 13 If they are identical, they can all pass through the analysis filter 13.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a single-fiber bidirectional optical component provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the Faraday rotator 12 of the single-fiber bidirectional optical module provided in this embodiment is further provided with a magnetic ring 19.
  • a magnetic ring 19 For the positional relationship of each component, reference may be made to the foregoing embodiment, and this embodiment will not be described in detail.
  • An embodiment of the present application further provides an optical module including the single-fiber bidirectional optical component described in any one of the above.
  • the optical module may further include a housing for packaging the single-fiber bidirectional optical component.

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Abstract

一种单纤双向光组件及光模块。单纤双向光组件包括：激光器芯片（11）、法拉第旋转器（12）、检偏滤波片（13）、探测器芯片（14）和光纤插芯（15）；激光器芯片（11）、法拉第旋转器（12）、检偏滤波片（13）和光纤插芯（15）依次设置于第一光轴（X），探测器芯片（14）设置于第二光轴（Y），检偏滤波片（13）倾斜设置于第一光轴（X）和第二光轴（Y）的交汇处；激光器芯片（11）发射的偏振光经法拉第旋转器（12）旋转后，其偏振态方向与检偏滤波片（13）的检偏方向一致，通过检偏滤波片（13）射入光纤插芯（15）进行传输，来自光纤插芯（15）的光经检偏滤波片（13）反射后射入探测器芯片（14）。单纤双向光组件通过法拉第旋转器（12）和检偏滤波片（13）实现了隔离与分光的双重功能，简化了光路，降低了物料成本。

Description

单纤双向光组件及光模块
本专利申请要求于2018年10月29日提交的、申请号为201811269487.8、发明名称为“单纤双向光组件及光模块”的中国专利申请的优先权，该申请的全文以引用的方式并入本申请中。
技术领域
本申请实施例涉及光通信技术领域，尤其涉及一种单纤双向光组件及光模块。
背景技术
随着光通信技术的发展，能够提高数据传输量并节省光纤资源的单纤双向技术取得了快速的发展。单纤双向光组件(Bi-directional Optical Sub-Assembly，BOSA)是实现单纤双向通信的重要器件。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供一种单纤双向光组件及光模块。
第一方面，本申请实施例提供一种单纤双向光组件，包括：激光器芯片、法拉第旋转器、检偏滤波片、探测器芯片和光纤插芯；
激光器芯片、法拉第旋转器、检偏滤波片和光纤插芯依次设置于第一光轴，探测器芯片设置于第二光轴，检偏滤波片倾斜设置于第一光轴和第二光轴的交汇处；
激光器芯片发射的偏振光经法拉第旋转器旋转后，其偏振态方向与检偏滤波片的检偏方向一致，通过检偏滤波片射入光纤插芯进行传输，来自光纤插芯的光经检偏滤波片反射后射入探测器芯片。
第二方面，本申请实施例提供一种光模块，包括如第一方面所述的单纤双向光组件。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例中的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作一简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本申请实施例提供的单纤双向光组件的结构示意图；
图2为本申请实施例提供的检偏滤波片实现偏振功能的原理示意图；
图3为本申请实施例提供的单纤双向光组件的结构示意图；
图4为本申请实施例提供的单纤双向光组件的光路示意图；
图5为本申请实施例提供的单纤双向光组件的结构示意图。
附图标记说明：
X：第一光轴；
Y：第二光轴；
P：P光；
S：S光；
10：隔离分光系统；
11：激光器芯片；
12：法拉第旋转器；
13：检偏滤波片；
14：探测器芯片；
15：光纤插芯；
16：第一汇聚透镜；
17：第二汇聚透镜；
18：零度滤波片；
19：磁环。
具体实施方式
这里将详细地对示例性实施例进行说明，其示例表示在附图中。下面的 描述涉及附图时，除非另有表示，不同附图中的相同数字表示相同或相似的要素。以下示例性实施例中所描述的实施方式并不代表与本申请相一致的所有实施方式。相反，它们仅是与如所附权利要求书中所详述的、本申请的一些方面相一致的装置和方法的例子。
本申请的说明书和权利要求书中的术语“包括”和“具有”以及它们任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含。例如包含了一系列步骤或单元的过程、方法、系统、产品或设备没有限定于已列出的步骤或单元，而是可选地还包括没有列出的步骤或单元，或可选地还包括对于这些过程、方法、产品或设备固有的其它步骤或单元。
本申请中的“第一”和“第二”只起标识作用，而不能理解为指示或暗示顺序关系、相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。“多个”是指两个或两个以上。“和/或”，描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况。字符“/”一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。
本申请的说明书中通篇提到的“一个实施例”或“一实施例”意味着与实施例有关的特定特征、结构或特性包括在本申请的至少一个实施例中。因此，在整个说明书各处出现的“在一个实施例中”或“在一实施例中”未必一定指相同的实施例。需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本申请中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。
随着光通信技术的飞速发展，对接入网光模块产品的需求日益增长。整个光模块中，单纤双向光组件的成本占80％以上，而隔离器成本占单纤双向光组件成本的20％以上。降低单纤双向光组件的成本、提高生产效率成为各通信企业的重点工作，而降低隔离器的成本可以有效降低单纤双向光组件的成本。
隔离器是一种无源器件，只允许光线沿光路正向传输，阻止反射光返回激光器。在没有隔离器的光路中，激光器发出的光经光纤端面、跳线接头反射，部分光会沿原光路返回到激光器，当反射光强度达到一定程度时，会影响激光器的调制特性和光谱特性，影响发射信号的传输质量。为了保证通信系统稳定工作，需要在激光器芯片后面增加隔离器，保证光纤通信中信号传输的完整性。
单纤双向光组件中的隔离器有偏振片-法拉第旋转器-偏振片的三片式隔离器，和法拉第旋转器-偏振片的两片式隔离器。两片式隔离器相较于三片式隔离器省掉了一个偏振片，其生产成本和材料成本均占有优势。
两片式隔离器光组件的隔离原理为：激光器芯片发出的偏振光，经过汇聚透镜汇聚后偏振态不发生变化，经汇聚后的偏振光经过法拉第旋转器后，光的偏振态沿逆时针方向旋转45度，当偏振光经过检偏器时，光的偏振态与检偏器检偏方向一致，光全部通过检偏器，，然后偏振光经过45度滤波片，耦合到光纤里面进行传输，实现了光信号的发射功能；由纤芯发出的光，经由45度滤波片反射后，光路偏转90度，再经过汇聚透镜聚光后汇聚到探测器芯片上，实现了光信号的接收功能；而从纤芯端面和光纤内部反射回来的反射光，光的偏振态是随机的，反射光经过45度滤波片后，光的偏振态依然是随机的，反射光经过检偏器后，与检偏器检偏方向相同的偏振光通过，其它偏振态的光被吸收，大幅削弱了反射光的能量，透过检偏器的反射光经过法拉第旋转器后，光的偏振态继续沿逆时针旋转45度(从光的发射方向看)，此时光的偏振态相比入射时，旋转了90度，反射光的能量不仅被大幅削弱而且反射光的偏振态与发射光的偏振态垂直，不会影响激光器的正常工作。
在采用两片式隔离器的单纤双向光组件中，激光器芯片的封装和隔离器的粘接是有方向性的。当固定激光器芯片的方向之后，隔离器的粘接方向必须固定，以保证经法拉第旋转器旋光后，光的偏振态与检偏器的检偏方向一致。因此，在隔离器的生产过程中，需要在隔离器的外部做偏振标识点，标识检偏器的检偏方向。若粘接方向出现偏离，则通过检偏器的光会被削弱，偏离程度越大，光的损失越大，导致发射光信号受损，进而影响发射信号的传输质量。
本申请提出一种新型的单纤双向光组件和光模块，下面通过具体的实施例对本申请进行详细说明。
图1为本申请实施例提供的单纤双向光组件的结构示意图。如图1所示，本实施例提供的单纤双向光组件可以包括：激光器芯片11、法拉第旋转器12、检偏滤波片13、探测器芯片14和光纤插芯15。
其中，激光器芯片11、法拉第旋转器12、检偏滤波片13和光纤插芯15依次设置于第一光轴X，探测器芯片设置于第二光轴Y，检偏滤波片13倾斜 设置于第一光轴X和第二光轴Y的交汇处。可以理解的是，当检偏滤波片13向左倾斜放置时，探测器芯片14位于X轴上方，当检偏滤波片13向右倾斜放置时，探测器芯片14位于X轴下方，本实施例中的方位均以图1所示方位为例进行说明。检偏滤波片13倾斜设置的角度，可以根据实际情况进行设置，以使经检偏滤波片反射的光信号能够被探测器芯片接收到为宜，本实施例对于倾斜设置的角度不作特殊限制。
本实施例中，法拉第旋转器12和检偏滤波片13共同构成了单纤双向光组件的隔离分光系统10，实现了分光与隔离的双重功能。隔离分光系统10用于将激光器芯片11发射的发射光信号的透射至光纤插芯15进行传输，将由光纤插芯15接收的接收光信号反射至探测器芯片14，同时阻止反射光返回激光器芯片11。
激光器芯片11发射的偏振光经法拉第旋转器12旋转后，其偏振态方向与检偏滤波片13的检偏方向一致，通过检偏滤波片13射入光纤插芯15进行传输，来自光纤插芯15的光经检偏滤波片13反射后射入探测器芯片14。
本实施例中激光器芯片11发射的偏振光的波长，与探测器芯片14所能接收的光的波长不同。
其中，激光器芯片11发射的偏振光，经法拉第旋转器12旋光后，其偏振态方向与检偏滤波片13的检偏方向一致，可以确保激光器芯片11发射的偏振光尽可能多的透过检偏滤波器13，降低了光损耗，提高了耦合效率，进而可以提高光通信的可靠性。
在一些实施例中，本实施例中的检偏滤波片13对P光透射，对S光反射。
本实施例中，激光器芯片11发射的偏振光，经过法拉第旋转器12旋光后，其偏振态沿逆时针旋转45度(从光的发射方向看)，与检偏滤波片13的检偏方向一致。与检偏滤波片13的检偏方向一致的偏振光透过检偏滤波片13，在光纤插芯15的光纤端面处汇聚，耦合至光纤插芯15中的光纤进行传输；从光纤插芯15的光纤端面及光纤内部反射回来的反射光，光的偏振态是随机的，反射光中仅有偏振态与检偏滤波片13的检偏方向一致的光可以通过检偏滤波片13，其它偏振态的光被反射，使得通过检偏滤波片13的反射光的能量被大幅削弱，反射光经过法拉第旋转器12后，反射光的偏振态继续沿逆时针旋转45度(从光的发射方向看)，此时反射光的偏振态与发射光的偏 振态相比，旋转90度。反射光能量不仅被大幅削弱而且反射光的偏振态与发射光的偏振态相互垂直，对激光器芯片11的正常工作影响较小。
本实施例提供的单纤双向光组件包括激光器芯片、法拉第旋转器、检偏滤波片、探测器芯片和光纤插芯。其中，激光器芯片、法拉第旋转器、检偏滤波片和光纤插芯依次设置于第一光轴，探测器芯片设置于第二光轴，检偏滤波片倾斜设置于第一光轴和第二光轴的交汇处。由于激光器芯片发射的偏振光经法拉第旋转器旋转后，其偏振态方向与检偏滤波片的检偏方向一致，因此可以通过检偏滤波片射入光纤插芯进行传输，实现了光信号的发射；来自光纤插芯的光经检偏滤波片反射后射入探测器芯片，实现了光信号的接收，即实现了单纤双向光通信。
在本申请某些实施例中提供的单纤双向光组件采用法拉第旋转器和检偏滤波片，允许激光器芯片发射的光射入光纤插芯进行传输，而对于来自光纤插芯的光纤端面及光纤内部反射回来的偏振态随机的反射光，仅允许与检偏滤波片的检偏方向一致的光通过检偏滤波片射入法拉第旋转器，反射光的能量被大幅削弱，且射入法拉第旋转器的光经旋转后，其偏振态方向与激光器芯片发射的偏振光的偏振态方向垂直，不会影响激光器芯片的正常工作，即实现了分光与隔离的双重功能，简化了单纤双向光组件的光路，降低了物料成本。
可以理解的是，相较于采用两片式隔离器的单纤双向光组件，本实施例提供的单纤双向光组件可以节省一个检偏器，不仅可以使单纤双向光组件的光路更加简单，而且可以降低物料成本。本实施例提供的单纤双向光组件中的法拉第旋转器在粘接时，不需要固定粘接方向，不仅可以有效避免因粘接方向出现偏离，导致的光损耗问题，而且简化了粘接工艺，可以大幅提高生产效率。
在一些实施例中，第一光轴和第二光轴可以垂直设置。
在一些实施例中，单纤双向光组件的检偏滤波片的分光和检偏双重功能的一种实现方式可以是：在检偏滤波片的表面上依次镀有第一折射率的膜层和第二折射率的膜层；其中，第一折射率大于第二折射率。也就是说，可以在检偏滤波片的任意一个表面上依次镀上第一折射率的膜层和第二折射率的膜层，或者，也可以在检偏滤波片的两个表面上均依次的镀上第一折射率的 膜层和第二折射率的膜层。
在一些实施例中，单纤双向光组件的检偏滤波片的分光和检偏双重功能的一种实现方式可以是：在检偏滤波片的表面上交替镀有第一折射率的膜层和第二折射率的膜层；其中，第一折射率大于第二折射率。也就是说，可以在检偏滤波片的任意一个表面上交替镀上第一折射率的膜层和第二折射率的膜层，或者，也可以在检偏滤波片的两个表面上均交替的镀上第一折射率的膜层和第二折射率的膜层。
在本申请某些实施例中，该第一折射率的膜层和第二折射率的膜层均设置在检偏滤波片面向法拉第旋转器的一侧。
在本申请某些实施例中，该第一折射率的膜层和第二折射率的膜层均设置在检偏滤波片面向光纤插芯的一侧。
在本申请某些实施例中，检偏滤波片面向光纤插芯的一侧和面向光纤插芯的一侧均设置有第一折射率的膜层和第二折射率的膜层。
在本申请实施例中，检偏滤波片同时对激光器发射的光和光纤传输过来的光，根据波长不同，具有选择通过的作用，激光器发射的光和光纤传输过来的光的波长和频率不同。
本实施例对于第一折射率的膜层和第二折射率的膜层的厚度以及层数不作限制。
图2为本申请实施例提供的检偏滤波片实现偏振功能的原理示意图。如图2所示，图中每个矩形框表示一层膜层，相邻膜层的折射率不同，为了便于展示，图2中使用虚线矩形框表示图中未示出的若干层膜层。光在介质分界面上发生反射和折射时，P光和S光的反射系数不同，反射光和透射光通常都是部分偏振光。当入射光的入射角等于布儒斯特角时，反射光成为S线偏光，但强度较小(S光每次约反射15％)。透射光强度大，但偏振度较小。本实施例通过在玻片表面交替的镀上高折射率的第一膜层和低折射率的第二膜层，使得光在膜层间经过多次反射和折射，实现了S光反射，P光透射的检偏功能。若入射光为P光，光线全部通过检偏滤波片，实现检偏功能。
图4为本申请实施例提供的单纤双向光组件的光路示意图，激光器以特定方向装配，保证出射光的偏振方向与单纤双向光组件的放置平面成45度角，光线经过法拉第后，偏振态沿逆时针旋转45度(从光的发射方向看)，此时 入射到检偏滤波片上的光全是P光，全部透过玻片实现检偏功能。
检偏滤波片实现检偏功能需要满足以下条件：入射光线以布儒斯特角入射到玻片表面；激光器以特定方向装配，以便光线经过法拉第旋转后，保证入射到检偏滤波片的光线为P光。法拉第的作用是将光的偏振态旋转45度，只要保证法拉第装配时进光面垂直光线方向，即可实现旋光功能。
传统的两片式隔离器由法拉第和检偏器胶合在一起组成，光线经过法拉第旋光后的偏振态必须与检偏器检偏方向一致才能通光，因此隔离器在装配过时必须保证检偏器与激光器出光偏振态成45度角，从出射光方向看，检偏器的检偏方向相对于光线偏振方向沿逆时针旋转45度。相较与本申请，传统的隔离器组装时需要固定方向，否侧光线将会被检偏器吸收。
激光器芯片发出的光，经过法拉第旋转器旋光后，其偏振态方向与检偏滤波片的检偏方向一致，即为P光可以通过检偏滤波片透射至光纤插芯中的光纤，实现光信号的发射；纤芯端面和光纤内部反射的反射光，其偏振态是随机的，可以理解的是其中包含了大量的S光，通过检偏滤波片后，大量的S光被隔离，反射光能量被大幅削弱。
在一些实施例中，本实施例中的第一折射率膜层和第二折射率膜层可以根据单纤双向光通信中传递信号的光的波长确定。例如，当激光器芯片发射的光的波长为1490nm，探测器芯片接收的光的波长为1310nm时，本实施例中的第一折射率的膜层可以为五氧化二钽Ta 2O 5膜层，第二折射率的膜层可以为二氧化硅SiO 2膜层。可以理解的是，第一折射率膜层和第二折射率膜层也可以采用其他折射率相同或者相近的膜层替换。
本实施例提供的单纤双向光组件，通过在检偏滤波片的表面上交替的镀上第一折射率的膜层和第二折射率的膜层，使得检偏滤波片具备分光和检偏的双重功能，配合法拉第旋转器实现了隔离与分光的双重功能。本实施例提供的单纤双向光组件通过法拉第旋转器和检偏滤波片实现了分光与隔离的双重功能，相较于采用两片式隔离器的单纤双向光组件，节省了一个检偏器，不仅可以使单纤双向光组件的光路更加简单，而且可以降低物料成本；进一步的，本实施例提供的单纤双向光组件中的法拉第旋转器在粘接时，不需要固定粘接方向，不仅可以有效避免因粘接方向出现偏离，导致的光损耗问题，而且简化了粘接工艺，可以大幅提高生产效率。
在一些实施例中，第一折射率的膜层可以为五氧化二钽Ta 2O 5膜层，第二折射率的膜层可以为二氧化硅SiO 2膜层。
在一些实施例中，激光器芯片11发射的光的波长可以为1490nm，探测器芯片14接收的光的波长可以为1310nm。
在一些实施例中，检偏滤波片13与第一光轴的夹角可以为(45±0.5)度。
在一些实施例中，激光器芯片11与法拉第旋转器12之间可以设置有位于第一光轴X上的第一汇聚透镜16，第一汇聚透镜16用于将激光器芯片11发射的偏振光汇聚至法拉第旋转器12，以使尽可能多的光最终被汇聚到光纤插芯进行传输。第一汇聚透镜16对激光器芯片11发射的偏振光进行汇聚，可以提高发射光信号的耦合效率。
在一些实施例中，探测器芯片14与检偏滤波片13之间可以设置有位于第二光轴Y上的第二汇聚透镜17，第二汇聚透镜17用于将检偏滤波片13反射的光汇聚至探测器芯片14。第二汇聚透镜17对检偏滤波片13反射的光进行汇聚，可以提高接收光信号的耦合效率。
在一些实施例中，第二汇聚透镜17与检偏滤波片13之间还可以设置有位于第二光轴Y上的零度滤波片18。通过零度滤波片18对经检偏滤波片13反射的光进行过滤，可以避免干扰光信号对接收光信号的干扰，其中干扰光信号包括波长不等于接收光信号波长的光信号。
在上述实施例的基础上，本实施例对上述实施例进行结合。图3为本申请实施例提供的单纤双向光组件的结构示意图。如图3所示，本实施例提供的单纤双向光组件可以包括：激光器芯片11、法拉第旋转器12、检偏滤波片13、探测器芯片14、光纤插芯15、第一汇聚透镜16、第二汇聚透镜17和零度滤波片18。
其中，激光器芯片11、第一汇聚透镜16、法拉第旋转器12、检偏滤波片13和光纤插芯15依次设置于第一光轴，探测器芯片14、第二汇聚透镜17和零度滤波片18依次设置于第二光轴，检偏滤波片13设置于相互垂直的第一光轴和第二光轴的交汇处。
本实施例提供的单纤双向光组件的光路图可以参考图4。如图4所示，激光器芯片11发射的偏振光，经第一汇聚透镜16汇聚至法拉第旋转器12， 经法拉第旋转器12旋光后，其偏振态沿逆时针旋转45度(从光的发射方向看)，与检偏滤波片13的检偏方向一致的偏振光透过检偏滤波片13，在光纤插芯15的光纤端面处汇聚，耦合至光纤插芯15中的光纤进行传输；从光纤插芯15的光纤端面和内部反射回来的反射光，光的偏振态是随机的，反射光中仅有偏振态与检偏滤波片13的检偏方向一致的光可以通过检偏滤波片13，其它偏振态的光都被反射，使得通过检偏滤波片13的反射光的能量被大幅削弱，反射光经过法拉第旋转器12后，反射光的偏振态继续沿逆时针旋转45度(从光的发射方向看)，反射光再经过第一汇聚透镜16汇聚至激光器芯片11，此时反射光的偏振态与发射光的偏振态相比，旋转90度。反射光能量不仅被大幅削弱而且反射光的偏振态与发射光的偏振态相互垂直，不会影响激光器芯片11的正常工作。
本实施例中，激光器芯片11发射的光的偏振态与单纤双向光组件的放置平面成45度，经法拉第旋转器12旋光后，发射光的偏振态与检偏滤波片13的检偏方向一致，可以全部透过检偏滤波片13。
图5为本申请实施例提供的单纤双向光组件的结构示意图。如图5所示，在上述实施例的基础上，本实施例提供的单纤双向光组件的法拉第旋转器12的外部还设置有磁环19。各个部件的位置关系可以参考上述实施例，本实施例不再赘述。
本申请实施例还提供一种光模块，该光模块包括上述任一项所述的单纤双向光组件。在一些实施例中，光模块还可以包括壳体，用于对单纤双向光组件进行封装。
本领域普通技术人员可以理解：实现上述各方法实施例的全部或部分步骤可以通过程序指令相关的硬件来完成。前述的程序可以存储于一计算机可读取存储介质中。该程序在执行时，执行包括上述各方法实施例的步骤；而前述的存储介质包括：ROM、RAM、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
最后应说明的是：以上各实施例仅用以说明本申请的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述各实施例对本申请进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分或者全部技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并 不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本申请各实施例技术方案的范围。

Claims (18)

  1. 一种单纤双向光组件，包括：激光器芯片、法拉第旋转器、检偏滤波片、探测器芯片和光纤插芯；
    所述激光器芯片、所述法拉第旋转器、所述检偏滤波片和所述光纤插芯依次设置于第一光轴，所述探测器芯片设置于第二光轴，所述检偏滤波片倾斜设置于所述第一光轴和所述第二光轴的交汇处；
    所述法拉第旋转器配置为对所述激光器芯片发射的偏振光进行旋转，旋转后的偏振光的偏振态方向与所述检偏滤波片的检偏方向一致；
    所述检偏滤波片配置为将所述旋转后的偏振光射入所述光纤插芯，并将来自所述光纤插芯的光反射至所述探测器芯片。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的光组件，所述第一光轴与所述第二光轴垂直。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的光组件，所述检偏滤波片的表面上交替镀有第一折射率的膜层和第二折射率的膜层，
    所述第一折射率大于所述第二折射率。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的光组件，所述第一折射率的膜层为五氧化二钽Ta 2O 5膜层，所述第二折射率的膜层为二氧化硅SiO 2膜层。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的光组件，还包括：第一汇聚透镜，所述第一汇聚透镜设置在所述第一光轴上，且位于所述激光器芯片与所述法拉第旋转器之间，所述第一汇聚透镜用于将所述激光器芯片发射的偏振光汇聚至所述法拉第旋转器。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的光组件，还包括：第二汇聚透镜，所述第二汇聚透镜设置在所述第二光轴，且位于所述探测器芯片与所述检偏滤波片之间，所述第二汇聚透镜用于将所述检偏滤波片反射的光汇聚至所述探测器芯片。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的光组件，还包括：零度滤波片，所述零度滤波片设置在所述第二光轴，且位于所述第二汇聚透镜与所述检偏滤波片之间，所述零度滤波片用于隔离干扰光信号。
  8. 根据权利要求1-7所述的光组件，所述激光器芯片发射的光的波长为1490nm，所述探测器芯片接收的光的波长为1310nm。
  9. 根据权利要求1-7任一项所述的光组件，所述检偏滤波片与所述第一光轴的夹角为(45±0.5)度。
  10. 一种光模块，包括单纤双向光组件；所述单纤双向光组件包括激光器芯片、法拉第旋转器、检偏滤波片、探测器芯片和光纤插芯；
    所述激光器芯片、所述法拉第旋转器、所述检偏滤波片和所述光纤插芯依次设置于第一光轴，所述探测器芯片设置于第二光轴，所述检偏滤波片倾斜设置于所述第一光轴和所述第二光轴的交汇处；
    所述法拉第旋转器配置为对所述激光器芯片发射的偏振光进行旋转，旋转后的偏振光的偏振态方向与所述检偏滤波片的检偏方向一致；
    所述检偏滤波片配置为将所述旋转后的偏振光射入所述光纤插芯，并将来自所述光纤插芯的光反射至所述探测器芯片。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的光模块，所述第一光轴与所述第二光轴垂直。
  12. 根据权利要求10所述的光模块，所述检偏滤波片的表面上交替镀有第一折射率的膜层和第二折射率的膜层，
    所述第一折射率大于所述第二折射率。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的光模块，所述第一折射率的膜层为五氧化二钽Ta 2O 5膜层，所述第二折射率的膜层为二氧化硅SiO 2膜层。
  14. 根据权利要求10所述的光模块，所述单纤双向光组件还包括：第一汇聚透镜，所述第一汇聚透镜设置在所述第一光轴上，且位于所述激光器芯片与所述法拉第旋转器之间，所述第一汇聚透镜用于将所述激光器芯片发射的偏振光汇聚至所述法拉第旋转器。
  15. 根据权利要求10所述的光模块，所述单纤双向光组件还包括：第二汇聚透镜，所述第二汇聚透镜设置在所述第二光轴，且位于所述探测器芯片与所述检偏滤波片之间，所述第二汇聚透镜用于将所述检偏滤波片反射的光汇聚至所述探测器芯片。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的光模块，所述单纤双向光组件还包括：零度滤波片，所述零度滤波片设置在所述第二光轴，且位于所述第二汇聚透镜与所述检偏滤波片之间，所述零度滤波片用于隔离干扰光信号。
  17. 根据权利要求10-16所述的光模块，所述激光器芯片发射的光的波长为1490nm，所述探测器芯片接收的光的波长为1310nm。
  18. 根据权利要求10-16任一项所述的光模块，所述检偏滤波片与所述第一光轴的夹角为(45±0.5)度。
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