WO2020088036A1 - 一种油毡基布及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种油毡基布及其制备方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020088036A1
WO2020088036A1 PCT/CN2019/100786 CN2019100786W WO2020088036A1 WO 2020088036 A1 WO2020088036 A1 WO 2020088036A1 CN 2019100786 W CN2019100786 W CN 2019100786W WO 2020088036 A1 WO2020088036 A1 WO 2020088036A1
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Prior art keywords
web layer
fiber
acupuncture
base fabric
fiber web
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PCT/CN2019/100786
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王占立
吴丽芹
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安国市前进无纺布有限公司
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Publication of WO2020088036A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020088036A1/zh

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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/002—Inorganic yarns or filaments
    • D04H3/004—Glass yarns or filaments
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/005—Synthetic yarns or filaments
    • D04H3/009—Condensation or reaction polymers
    • D04H3/011—Polyesters
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/08—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/08—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating
    • D04H3/10—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between yarns or filaments made mechanically
    • D04H3/105—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between yarns or filaments made mechanically by needling
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/08—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating
    • D04H3/12—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with filaments or yarns secured together by chemical or thermo-activatable bonding agents, e.g. adhesives, applied or incorporated in liquid or solid form

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of preparation of spunbond nonwoven fabrics, and relates to a linoleum base fabric and a preparation method thereof.
  • Polyester tire base fabric is one of the important raw materials for waterproof membranes. With the rapid development of urbanization in China, most of the linoleum base fabric products in the domestic market currently range from staple fiber carded nonwoven fabric to polyester filament spunbond needles. The change of the puncture tire base fabric, and foreign countries (Europe, the United States) have adopted a large amount of low-gram weight polyester filament reinforced tire base fabric to increase the production speed and improve the dry heat shrinkage rate and stability of the linoleum.
  • the thermal shrinkage rate of the non-woven fabric in the prior art is generally more than 1%, which causes the non-woven fabric to be easily deformed during use, which leads to the problem of poor quality of downstream products of the non-woven fabric.
  • the invention provides a linoleum base cloth and a preparation method thereof, which solves the problem that the non-woven fabric in the prior art has a high heat shrinkage rate and is prone to deformation.
  • a linoleum-based cloth characterized in that it includes a fiber web layer one and a fiber web layer two arranged in order from top to bottom, and a reinforcing rib is provided between the fiber web layer one and the fiber web layer two. There are several reinforcing ribs, which are evenly distributed along the transverse direction of the fiber web,
  • the reinforcing rib and the fibrous web layer two are reinforced by needle punching and dipping.
  • the reinforcing rib is glass fiber wire.
  • the distance between adjacent ribs is less than or equal to 15 mm.
  • the distance between adjacent reinforcing ribs is 6-10 mm.
  • a production method of linoleum base cloth includes the following steps,
  • the intermediate cloth is subjected to pre-needle punching, main needle punching, dipping, and drying to obtain a finished linoleum base cloth.
  • step b includes the following steps,
  • the glass fiber yarn is laid on the web layer 1 by suction absorption
  • the fiber web layer 2 is laid on the fiber web layer 1 laid with glass fibers by suction and suction.
  • polyester chips are subjected to crystallization, drying and filtration to obtain a spun yarn, and the spun yarn is subjected to side blowing, drawing and pendulum to obtain the web layer one or the web layer two.
  • the pre-acupuncture and the main acupuncture process use filament acupuncture, and the implantation needle density is 3500-4500 / m2, the acupuncture frequency is 1400-1600 times / min, and the acupuncture depth is 6- 10mm.
  • a starch binder solution is used, and the concentration of the starch binder solution is 23-27%.
  • the glass fiber yarn technology is evenly added on the basis of the polyester filament spunbond needle punched tire base fabric, and the localization and production of the polyester spunbond online reinforced filament needle punched linoleum base fabric and its equipment are realized Compared with the polyester filament needled linoleum base fabric, the speed is greatly improved, the transverse width no longer shrinks, and the anti-aging time is greatly extended, which meets the technical requirements of foreign markets.
  • the air suction and rear air supplement devices on both sides of the net laying machine achieve the purpose of laying the glass fiber yarn on the fiber web layer 1 and the fiber web layer 2, thereby increasing the product quality of the linoleum base cloth and increasing
  • the production efficiency of the linoleum base fabric makes the width of the produced linoleum base fabric no longer shrink, and the anti-aging time is greatly extended.
  • the glass fiber yarn is transferred from the glass fiber roll to the net laying machine through a self-suction threader, and a self-suction threader is used to achieve the purpose of rapid thread breakage and connection.
  • ⁇ Wire break alarm can know and deal with the broken line at the first time, the present invention uses high-strength large-volume glass fiber, the length of each roll reaches 100,000 meters, greatly reducing the defective products made by changing the line, and ensuring continuous Operation.
  • the web consolidation process commonly used in the spunbond process mainly includes needle-punched reinforcement, spunlace reinforcement, thermal bonding reinforcement and composite reinforcement.
  • the thermal bonding reinforcement method has higher energy consumption, and has the problems of poor reinforcement effect and easy layering for thick products;
  • the spunlace reinforcement method has higher investment costs, higher energy consumption, and thicker products. Poor, etc.
  • the acupuncture reinforcement method has the characteristics of simple process, low cost, good reinforcement effect of thick products, and high production efficiency.
  • the present invention adopts the needling reinforcement method as the web consolidation method.
  • the tensile strength of linoleum-based fabric products is its important index.
  • the strength index is high and low.
  • the most important thing is the impact of needle punching on it, including the needle structure, needle density, needle depth, stepping, etc. . If the acupuncture density is high, the filament fiber will be damaged greatly, resulting in a decrease in its strength; if the acupuncture density is too small, the entanglement effect will be poor, the product will have a poor compactness, poor cohesion, and the strength will also decrease.
  • spunbond filament needle punching does not rely on the number of needle punches to determine the strength of the product, unlike short fiber needle punching, it can be completely achieved without using more needle punching machines and far exceeds short fiber needle punching. If too many needling machines are used, not only the product quality cannot be improved, but it will decline. Therefore, when configuring the needling production line, the present invention is equipped with a main needling machine and a pre-needling machine.
  • the density of implanted needles during acupuncture is 3500-4500 / m2
  • the frequency of acupuncture is 1400-1600 times / min
  • the acupuncture depth is 6-10mm.
  • filament acupuncture is easy to pierce because the web is fluffy and the fibers are shorter, the needle has a low tension and low resistance during the piercing.
  • the tension and resistance are relatively large. If you simply use the staple of the staple fiber, it is difficult to penetrate, and the chance of needle breakage is greatly increased. Therefore, the present invention uses filament needle punching.
  • the tire base fabric In the subsequent processing into asphalt linoleum, the tire base fabric must go through high-temperature processes such as dipping and drying. Therefore, the tire base fabric must also undergo high-temperature heat setting. The thermal stability of the heat-set product is greatly improved, but the strength and stiffness still cannot meet the requirements of the tire base fabric.
  • the modified starch is used as the dipping finishing agent. On the basis of environmental protection, the product meets the requirements of subsequent asphalt impregnation, and the production cost can also be reduced.
  • the concentration of starch binder solution is 23-27%, which can achieve better product performance, and the production process is short, the production speed is higher, and it has good competitiveness.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a net laying machine in the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the pay-off system in the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the glass fiber roll in the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement structure of the self-priming threader in the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a self-priming threader in the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of the upper gripper for testing of the present invention.
  • 100-net curtain transfer roller 200-net curtain, 300-air duct one, 400-air duct two, 500-air duct three, 600-web layer one, 700-web layer two, 10-wire rack, 20 -Rolling bar, 30-wire limiter, 31-limit hole, 40-self-suction threader, 50-glass fiber roll.
  • the polyester chips are crystallized and dried, they are input into the screw extruder, enter the A and B spinning boxes through the filter and the metering pump, and the solution is quantitatively formed into the primary fibers through the spinneret.
  • the drawn filaments are separated. Lay the yarn and lay it evenly on the net curtain to form two layers of A and B fiber webs.
  • the uniform wire splitter adds glass fibers with an interval of 8mm to the two layers of A and B fiber webs.
  • the pre-out cloth straightens the glass fiber, the main acupuncture reinforces, dipping, drying and winding to obtain the finished linoleum base fabric.
  • the pre-acupuncture and the main acupuncture process use filament acupuncture, and the density of the implanted needle is 4000 / m2, the acupuncture frequency is 1500 times / min, the acupuncture depth is 8mm, and the starch adhesive during the dipping process The concentration is 25%.
  • the polyester chips are crystallized and dried, they are input into the screw extruder, enter the A and B spinning boxes through the filter and the metering pump, and the solution is quantitatively formed into the primary fibers through the spinneret.
  • the drawn filaments are separated. Lay the yarn and lay it evenly on the net curtain to form two layers of A and B fiber webs.
  • the uniform wire splitter adds the glass fiber with a distance of 6mm to the two layers of A and B fiber webs.
  • the pre-out cloth straightens the glass fiber, the main acupuncture reinforces, dipping, drying and winding to obtain the finished linoleum base fabric.
  • the pre-acupuncture and the main acupuncture process use filament acupuncture, and the density of the implanted needle is 3500 / m2, the acupuncture frequency is 1400 times / min, the acupuncture depth is 6mm, and the starch adhesive during the dipping process The concentration is 23%.
  • the polyester chips are crystallized and dried, they are input into the screw extruder, enter the A and B spinning boxes through the filter and the metering pump, and the solution is quantitatively formed into the primary fibers through the spinneret.
  • the drawn filaments are separated. Laid the wire and evenly laid it on the net curtain to form two layers of A and B fiber webs.
  • the uniform wire splitter added glass fibers with a gap of 10mm to the two layers of A and B fiber webs.
  • the pre-out cloth straightens the glass fiber, the main acupuncture reinforces, dipping, drying and winding to obtain the finished linoleum base fabric.
  • the pre-acupuncture and the main acupuncture process use filament acupuncture, and the density of the implanted needle is 4500 / m2, the acupuncture frequency is 1600 times / min, the acupuncture depth is 10mm, and the starch adhesive is used during the dipping process The concentration is 27%.
  • the polyester chips are crystallized and dried, they are input into the screw extruder, enter the A and B spinning boxes through the filter and the metering pump, and the solution is quantitatively formed into the primary fibers through the spinneret.
  • the drawn filaments are separated. Lay the wire and lay it evenly on the net curtain to form two layers of A and B webs.
  • the uniform fiber divider adds glass fibers with a gap of 15mm between the two layers of A and B webs.
  • the pre-out cloth straightens the glass fiber, the main acupuncture reinforces, dipping, drying and winding to obtain the finished linoleum base fabric.
  • the pre-acupuncture and the main acupuncture process use filament acupuncture, and the density of the implanted needle is 4000 / m2, the acupuncture frequency is 1500 times / min, the acupuncture depth is 8mm, and the starch adhesive during the dipping process The concentration is 25%.
  • polyester chips are crystallized and dried, they are input into the screw extruder, enter the A and B spinning boxes through the filter and the metering pump, and the solution is quantitatively formed into the primary fibers through the spinneret.
  • the drawn filaments are separated. It is evenly laid on the net curtain to form two layers of A and B webs.
  • the webs are combined by pre-needle punching, the glass fiber is straightened by the pre-out cloth, the main needle punching is strengthened, dipped, dried and wound. The finished linoleum base cloth is obtained.
  • the pre-acupuncture and the main acupuncture process use filament acupuncture, and the density of the implanted needle is 4000 / m2, the acupuncture frequency is 1500 times / min, the acupuncture depth is 8mm, and the starch adhesive during the dipping process The concentration is 25%.
  • the net laying machine used in Examples 1-4 is shown in FIG. 100 and includes
  • the screen conveying rollers 100 are several and arranged in sequence, at least one screen conveying roller 100 is a driving roller,
  • the net curtain 200 is wound around the outside of the net curtain conveying roller 100,
  • the air duct one 300, the air duct two 400 and the air duct three 500 are provided in this order along the conveying direction of the net curtain 200.
  • the polyester chips are spun by crystallization-drying-filtering, and the spun yarn is blown by side-drawing-cycloid.
  • the exit of the cycloid machine is two groups, one group is located above the air channel 300, and the cycloid gets the fiber layer One 600; the other group is located above the air duct two 400, and the silk layer is obtained by swinging the silk.
  • a uniform yarn splitting machine which oscillates the yarn to obtain the fiber web layer one 600 and the fiber web layer two 700 respectively.
  • the glass fiber yarn is divided by the wire dividing system and laid on the surface of the fiber web layer one 600.
  • the fiber web layer 600 is laid on the net curtain 200 under the suction effect of the air duct 300.
  • the glass The fiber filament is laid on the surface of the fiber web layer one 600, and then when the screen curtain 200 passes through the fiber web layer two 700, the fiber web layer two 700 is laid under the suction effect of the air duct two 400 on the fiber web layer laid with glass fiber wire, and then After the air duct three 500, the initial setting of the middle cloth is completed.
  • the air suction area of air duct three 500 is greater than that of air duct two 400, and the air suction area of air duct three 500 is also greater than the air suction area of air duct one 300 (in the direction of the screen curtain, air duct three 500 ) Is greater than the length of air duct two 400, and the length of air duct three 500 is also greater than the length of air duct one 300).
  • the middle cloth can enter the acupuncture process after a long time of suction, thereby improving the initial setting effect of the middle cloth.
  • the wire limiting member 30 is provided with a limiting hole 31 for the glass fiber wire to pass through,
  • a wire rack 10 Along the conveying direction of the glass fiber yarn, a wire rack 10, a wire limiting member 30 and a self-suction threader 40 are provided in this order.
  • the present invention uses high-strength large-volume glass fiber.
  • the glass fiber roll 50 is placed on the support rod 20 on the wire frame 10.
  • the glass fiber wire on several glass fiber rolls 50 passes through the wire limiting member 30 and the self-suction threader 40. Landing above the net curtain, guided delivery of complete glass fiber filaments.
  • the self-suction threader includes a tube body 41, and both ends of the tube body 41 are closed,
  • One end of the inlet pipe 42 is located inside the pipe body 41, and the other end passes through the inlet end of the pipe body 41,
  • One end of the outlet tube 43 passes through the outlet end of the tube body 41, and the inlet tube 42 extends into the other end of the outlet tube 43,
  • the air inlet 44 is provided on the tube body 41.
  • Compressed air enters the tube body 41 from the air inlet 44 and flows out of the outlet tube 43 through the tube body 41.
  • the glass fiber filaments extend into the inlet tube 42 and pass through the outlet tube 43 under the negative pressure of compressed air.
  • the glass fiber thread When the glass fiber thread is broken during the guiding process, it will automatically alarm, so that the thread can be known and dealt with at the first time.
  • the winding bar 20 is a plurality of sets arranged horizontally and vertically, and each group corresponds to a wire limiting member 30.
  • the wire limiting member 30 and the winding bar 20 are respectively located on both sides of the wire frame 10.
  • test method is as follows
  • the measurement range can be adjusted to 0-2000N, the accuracy is at least 5N, the scale division value is at least 1mm, and the length measurement range is greater than 400mm.
  • Adjust the loading speed of the tensile testing machine to 100mm / min, and clamp the test piece in the center of the fixture without twisting.
  • the distance between the upper and lower fixtures is 200mm.
  • test piece breaks within 10mm of the gripping line of the fixture, or slides out of the fixture by more than 2mm, the test result is invalid, and the spare part shall be used for supplementary measurement.
  • the longitudinal and transverse tensile forces of the test piece are measured separately, and the arithmetic average of the tensile force of 5 test pieces in the same direction is taken as the test result of the test piece, the unit is N / 50mm.
  • L1 the gauge length when the test piece breaks, the unit is mm
  • Mark the marking lines aa ', bb' between the clamping lines as shown in Figure 1 measure the width of the test piece at the marking line, and measure the length between the marking lines of the test piece at the middle of the two marking lines. Greater than 0.2mm.
  • the total mass of the lower gripper and the counterweight is 4000g.
  • the free thermal shrinkage rate of Examples 1-4 is significantly better than that of Comparative Example 1. Therefore, in the present invention, the glass fiber yarn technology is evenly added on the basis of the polyester filament spunbond needle punched tire base fabric, which realizes the on-line The localization and production speed of tendon filament needled linoleum base fabric and its equipment are greatly improved compared to polyester filament needled linoleum base fabric, the lateral width no longer shrinks, and the anti-aging time is greatly extended.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)

Abstract

一种油毡基布，包括从上至下依次设置的纤网层一（600）和纤网层二（700），纤网层一（600）和纤网层二（700）之间设置有加强筋，加强筋为若干个，且沿纤网的横向均匀分布，纤网层一（600）、加强筋和纤网层二（700）之间通过针刺、浸胶加固。一种油毡基布的生产方法，包括以下步骤，将聚酯切片分别加工成纤网层一（600）和纤网层二（700），将玻璃纤维丝加入至纤网层一（600）和纤网层二（700）之间，得到中间布，将中间布经预针刺、主针刺、浸胶、烘干得到油毡基布成品。

Description

一种油毡基布及其制备方法 技术领域
本发明属于纺粘无纺布制备技术领域，涉及一种油毡基布及其制备方法。
背景技术
聚酯胎基布作为防水卷材的重要原料之一，随着中国城镇化的高速发展，目前国内市场大部分的油毡基布产品从短纤梳理针刺无纺布到涤纶长丝纺粘针刺胎基布的转变，而国外(欧洲、美国)已大量采用低克重涤纶长丝加筋胎基布，提高生产速度，提升油毡的干热收缩率和稳定性。
现有技术中的无纺布在同等拉伸强度下，热收缩率普遍在1％以上，导致无纺布在使用过程中容易出现形变，从而导致无纺布的下游产品质量差的问题。
发明内容
本发明提出一种油毡基布及其制备方法，解决了现有技术中无纺布热收缩率高，容易出现形变的问题。
本发明的技术方案是这样实现的：
一种油毡基布，其特征在于：包括从上至下依次设置的纤网层一和纤网层二，所述纤网层一和所述纤网层二之间设置有加强筋，所述加强筋为若干个，且沿所述纤网的横向均匀分布，
所述纤网层一、所述加强筋和所述纤网层二之间通过针刺、浸胶加固。
进一步，所述加强筋为玻璃纤维丝。
进一步，相邻所述加强筋之间的距离小于等于15mm。
进一步，相邻所述加强筋之间的距离为6-10mm。
一种油毡基布的生产方法，包括以下步骤，
a，将聚酯切片分别加工成纤网层一和纤网层二，
b，将玻璃纤维丝加入至所述纤网层一和所述纤网层二之间，得到中间布，
c，将所述中间布经预针刺、主针刺、浸胶、烘干得到油毡基布成品。
进一步，所述步骤b包括以下步骤，
将所述纤网层一沿水平铺开，
在所述纤网层一表面铺设所述玻璃纤维丝，
将所述纤网层二铺在铺好玻璃纤维丝的纤网层一上。
进一步，所述步骤b中，所述玻璃纤维丝经吸风吸附铺设在所述纤网层一上，
所述纤网层二经吸风吸附铺设在铺好玻璃纤维丝的纤网层一上。
进一步，所述聚酯切片经结晶-干燥-过滤得到纺丝，所述纺丝经侧吹风-牵伸-摆丝得到所述纤网层一或所述纤网层二。
进一步，所述预针刺和所述主针刺过程采用长丝针刺，且植针密度为3500-4500枚/米2，针刺频率为1400-1600次/min，针刺深度为6-10mm。
进一步，所述浸胶过程采用淀粉粘合剂溶液，且淀粉粘合剂溶液的浓度为23-27％。
本发明的工作原理及有益效果为：
1、本发明中在涤纶长丝纺粘针刺胎基布的基础上均匀添加玻璃纤维丝技术，实现了聚酯纺粘在线加筋长丝针刺油毡基布及其装备的国产化、生产速度相较聚酯长丝针刺油毡基布大大提高，横向幅宽不再收缩、抗老化时间大大延长，满足国外市场技术要求。
2、本发明中铺网机两侧吸风和后补风装置实现了将玻璃纤维丝铺设在纤网层一和纤网层二上的目的，从而增加了油毡基布的产品质量，增加了油毡基布的生产效率，使生产出的油毡基布横向幅宽不再收缩、抗老化时间大大延长。
3、本发明中的纺丝平台，玻璃纤维丝从玻纤卷上经过自吸式穿线器输送至铺网机上，采用自吸式穿线器，来达到快速断线接续的目的，其中设有纤维、断线报警器、能做到断线第一时间知道并处理、本发明采用高强度大卷径玻璃纤维，每卷长度达到10万米大大减少由换线做成的残次品，保证连续的运转。
4、纺粘工艺中常用的纤网固结工艺主要包括针刺加固、水刺加固、热粘合加固以及复合加固等方式。其中、热粘合加固法能耗较高，且对于厚型产品存在加固效果较差，易分层等问题；水刺加固法存在投资成本较高、能耗较高，厚型产品加固效果较差等特点，同时，针刺加固法具有工艺简单、成本低、厚型产品加固效果佳、生产效率较高等特点，同时，针刺加固的一些固有缺陷(如产品有针痕、手感硬，对纤维强力有一定损失等)，而对于单丝纤度3.0～6.0dpf的较粗纤维来说，针刺力刺断纤维的情况较细但丝要小得多，反而有利于提高产品的强力及增加产品的透气性及浸渍性能。因此本发明采用针刺加固法作为纤网固结方式。
油毡基布产品的拉伸强度是其重要指标，强力指标高低，除纤维本身性能外，最重要的是针刺对其产生的影响，包括刺针结构、针刺密度、针深、步进量等。针刺密度大，将对长丝纤维损伤大，导致其强力下降；针刺密度过小，则缠结效果差，产品致密性差，抱合不好，强力也下降。由于纺黏法的长丝针刺不像短纤维针刺时完全要依靠针刺的次数多少来决定产 品的强力，不必使用更多台针刺机就能完全达到并且远远超过短纤维针刺的质量水平，如果用太多的针刺机，不仅产品质量不能提高，反而会下降，因此本发明在配置针刺生产线时，配备了主针刺机和预针刺机，预针刺和主针刺过程中的植针密度为3500-4500枚/米2，针刺频率为1400-1600次/min，针刺深度为6-10mm。
长丝的针刺与短丝针刺相比，长丝针刺时因为纤网蓬松，纤维较短，刺针很容易刺入，刺针在刺入时张力很小，阻力也很低。但对于纺粘生产的连续长丝来说，针刺入纤网时，张力和阻力均较大，如果简单地用短纤的刺针，难以刺入，而且断针的机会大大增加。因此，本发明采用长丝针刺。
5、在后续加工成沥青油毡时，胎基布要经过浸渍、烘燥等高温过程，因此，胎基布也要先经过高温热定型。经热定型的产品热稳定性大大提高，但强度和硬挺度等仍达不到胎基布要求，在后道浸渍沥青的过程中会因为受力发生结构变化，影响最终产品质量，本发明中，采用改性淀粉为浸胶整理剂，在绿色环保、产品满足后续沥青浸渍等要求的基础上，还可以降低生产成本。淀粉粘合剂溶液的浓度为23-27％，可以取得更好的产品性能，且生产流程短，生产速度更高，具备很好的竞争力。
附图说明
下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细的说明。
图1为本发明中铺网机结构示意图；
图2为本发明中放线系统结构示意图；
图3为本发明中玻璃纤维卷结构示意图；
图4为本发明中自吸式穿线器排布结构示意图；
图5为本发明中自吸式穿线器结构示意图；
图6为本发明测试用上夹持器结构示意图；
图中：1-上夹持器，2-试件，3-下夹持器，4-配重砝码，
100-网帘传送辊，200-网帘，300-风道一，400-风道二，500-风道三，600-纤网层一，700-纤网层二，10-线架，20-撑卷杆，30-限丝件，31-限位孔，40-自吸式穿线器，50-玻璃纤维卷。
具体实施方式
为了更好的理解本发明，下面结合实施例对本发明做进一步的详细说明。但是本发明的保护范围并不局限于实施例所表述的范围。下述实施例和对比例中所述实验方法，如无特殊说明，均为常规方法；所述试剂和材料，如无特殊说明，均可从商业途径获得。
实施例1
一种油毡基布，
将聚酯切片经过结晶、干燥，输入螺杆挤压机中，经过过滤器和计量泵分别进入A、B纺丝箱体内溶体定量经过喷丝板形成初生纤维，牵伸后的长丝经分丝和摆丝、均匀铺放在成网帘上形成A、B两层纤网，同时均匀分线机把间隔8mm的玻璃纤维加入A、B两层纤网之间经吸风吸牢，纤网经预针刺结合，预出布把玻璃纤维拉直，主针刺加固，浸胶、烘干收卷得到油毡基布成品。
预针刺和所述主针刺过程采用长丝针刺，且植针密度为4000枚/米2，针刺频率为1500次/min，针刺深度为8mm，浸胶过程中淀粉粘合剂浓度为25％。
其中，结晶温度170℃，干燥温度165℃，螺杆挤压机温度270-296摄氏度，纺丝箱温度286-296℃，计量泵规格4.0cc/rev×8、4.0cc/rev×2，流体过滤器精度40μ，喷丝板规格：Φ65-80-024×0.96，孔数80孔，丝束数72束×2，螺杆长径比：L/D＝25、侧吹风风速：0.4～0.7m/s。
采用144支牵伸管，双排丝每排72支，牵伸高度1000～1200mm，牵伸管内经10∮mm，牵伸风压0.5mpa左右，牵伸速度控制在5000～6000m/min。
实施例2：
将聚酯切片经过结晶、干燥，输入螺杆挤压机中，经过过滤器和计量泵分别进入A、B纺丝箱体内溶体定量经过喷丝板形成初生纤维，牵伸后的长丝经分丝和摆丝、均匀铺放在成网帘上形成A、B两层纤网，同时均匀分线机把间隔6mm的玻璃纤维加入A、B两层纤网之间经吸风吸牢，纤网经预针刺结合，预出布把玻璃纤维拉直，主针刺加固，浸胶、烘干收卷得到油毡基布成品。
预针刺和所述主针刺过程采用长丝针刺，且植针密度为3500枚/米2，针刺频率为1400次/min，针刺深度为6mm，浸胶过程中淀粉粘合剂浓度为23％。
其中，结晶温度170℃，干燥温度165℃，螺杆挤压机温度270-296摄氏度，纺丝箱温度286-296℃，计量泵规格4.0cc/rev×8、4.0cc/rev×2，流体过滤器精度40μ，喷丝板规格：Φ65-80-024×0.96，孔数80孔，丝束数72束×2，螺杆长径比：L/D＝25、侧吹风风速：0.4～0.7m/s。
采用144支牵伸管，双排丝每排72支，牵伸高度1000～1200mm，牵伸管内经10∮mm，牵伸风压0.5mpa左右，牵伸速度控制在5000～6000m/min。
实施例3：
将聚酯切片经过结晶、干燥，输入螺杆挤压机中，经过过滤器和计量泵分别进入A、B纺丝箱体内溶体定量经过喷丝板形成初生纤维，牵伸后的长丝经分丝和摆丝、均匀铺放在成网帘上形成A、B两层纤网，同时均匀分线机把间隔10mm的玻璃纤维加入A、B两层纤网 之间经吸风吸牢，纤网经预针刺结合，预出布把玻璃纤维拉直，主针刺加固，浸胶、烘干收卷得到油毡基布成品。
预针刺和所述主针刺过程采用长丝针刺，且植针密度为4500枚/米2，针刺频率为1600次/min，针刺深度为10mm，浸胶过程中淀粉粘合剂浓度为27％。
其中，结晶温度170℃，干燥温度165℃，螺杆挤压机温度270-296摄氏度，纺丝箱温度286-296℃，计量泵规格4.0cc/rev×8、4.0cc/rev×2，流体过滤器精度40μ，喷丝板规格：Φ65-80-024×0.96，孔数80孔，丝束数72束×2，螺杆长径比：L/D＝25、侧吹风风速：0.4～0.7m/s。
采用144支牵伸管，双排丝每排72支，牵伸高度1000～1200mm，牵伸管内经10∮mm，牵伸风压0.5mpa左右，牵伸速度控制在5000～6000m/min。
实施例4：
将聚酯切片经过结晶、干燥，输入螺杆挤压机中，经过过滤器和计量泵分别进入A、B纺丝箱体内溶体定量经过喷丝板形成初生纤维，牵伸后的长丝经分丝和摆丝、均匀铺放在成网帘上形成A、B两层纤网，同时均匀分线机把间隔15mm的玻璃纤维加入A、B两层纤网之间经吸风吸牢，纤网经预针刺结合，预出布把玻璃纤维拉直，主针刺加固，浸胶、烘干收卷得到油毡基布成品。
预针刺和所述主针刺过程采用长丝针刺，且植针密度为4000枚/米2，针刺频率为1500次/min，针刺深度为8mm，浸胶过程中淀粉粘合剂浓度为25％。
其中，结晶温度170℃，干燥温度165℃，螺杆挤压机温度270-296摄氏度，纺丝箱温度286-296℃，计量泵规格4.0cc/rev×8、4.0cc/rev×2，流体过滤器精度40μ，喷丝板规格：Φ65-80-024×0.96，孔数80孔，丝束数72束×2，螺杆长径比：L/D＝25、侧吹风风速：0.4～0.7m/s。
采用144支牵伸管，双排丝每排72支，牵伸高度1000～1200mm，牵伸管内经10∮mm，牵伸风压0.5mpa左右，牵伸速度控制在5000～6000m/min。
对比例1：
一种油毡基布，
将聚酯切片经过结晶、干燥，输入螺杆挤压机中，经过过滤器和计量泵分别进入A、B纺丝箱体内溶体定量经过喷丝板形成初生纤维，牵伸后的长丝经分丝和摆丝、均匀铺放在成网帘上形成A、B两层纤网，纤网经预针刺结合，预出布把玻璃纤维拉直，主针刺加固，浸胶、烘干收卷得到油毡基布成品。
预针刺和所述主针刺过程采用长丝针刺，且植针密度为4000枚/米2，针刺频率为1500次/min，针刺深度为8mm，浸胶过程中淀粉粘合剂浓度为25％。
其中，结晶温度170℃，干燥温度165℃，螺杆挤压机温度270-296摄氏度，纺丝箱温度286-296℃，计量泵规格4.0cc/rev×8、4.0cc/rev×2，流体过滤器精度40μ，喷丝板规格：Φ65-80-024×0.96，孔数80孔，丝束数72束×2，螺杆长径比：L/D＝25、侧吹风风速：0.4～0.7m/s。
采用144支牵伸管，双排丝每排72支，牵伸高度1000～1200mm，牵伸管内经10∮mm，牵伸风压0.5mpa左右，牵伸速度控制在5000～6000m/min。
实施例1-4中采用的铺网机如图100所示，包括
网帘传送辊100，为若干个且依次设置，至少一个网帘传送辊100为主动辊，
网帘200，缠绕在网帘传送辊100外侧，
沿网帘200传送方向依次设置的风道一300、风道二400和风道三500。
聚酯切片经结晶-干燥-过滤得到纺丝，纺丝经侧吹风-牵伸-摆丝，摆丝机的出口为两组，一组位于风道一300的上方，摆丝得到纤网层一600；另一组位于风道二400的上方，摆丝得到纤网层二700。
两个摆丝机的出口之间为均匀分线机，分别摆丝得到纤网层一600和纤网层二700，玻璃纤维丝经过分线系统分线，铺设在纤网层一600表面。
随着网帘200的传送，网帘200经过风道一300时，纤网层一600在风道一300吸风作用下铺设在网帘200上，网帘200经过玻璃纤维丝下方时，玻璃纤维丝铺设在纤网层一600表面，接着网帘200经过纤网层二700时，纤网层二700在风道二400吸力作用下铺设在铺好玻璃纤维丝的纤网层上方，接着经过风道三500，完成对中间布的初定型。
进一步，风道三500的吸风面积大于风道二400的吸风面积，风道三500的吸风面积也大于风道一300的吸风面积(沿网帘方向传送方向，风道三500的长度大于风道二400的长度，风道三500的长度也大于风道一300的长度)。这样的设置方式，可以使中间布经过较长时间的吸风再进入针刺流程，从而提高对中间布的初定型效果。
实施例1-4中采用的分线系统如图2所示：
包括线架10，
撑卷杆20为若干个，设置在所述线架10上，
限丝件30，限丝件30上设置有供玻璃纤维丝穿过的限位孔31，
自吸式穿线器40，
沿玻璃纤维丝的传送方向，依次设置有线架10、限丝件30和自吸式穿线器40。
本发明采用高强度大卷径玻璃纤维，玻璃纤维卷50置于线架10上的撑卷杆20上，若干个玻璃纤维卷50上玻璃纤维丝经过限丝件30和自吸式穿线器40降落至网帘上方，完整玻璃纤维丝的引导输送。
进一步，如图5所示，自吸式穿线器包括管本体41，所述管本体41两端封闭，
进线管42，一端位于所述管本体41内，另一端穿出所述管本体41的进线端，
出线管43，一端穿出所述管本体41的出线端，所述进线管42伸入所述出线管43的另一端内，
入气口44，设置在所述管本体41上。
压缩空气从入气口44进入管本体41内，经管本体41从出线管43流出，玻纤丝伸入进线管42内，在压缩空气的负压作用下，从出线管43穿出。经过本发明中自吸式穿线器，可以实现玻纤丝的快速穿线，增加整个生产线的生产效率。
进一步，还包括断线报警器(未示出)。
当玻璃纤维丝引导过程中出现断线时自动报警，做到断线第一时间知道并处理。
进一步，撑卷杆20为沿水平设置的若干个和竖直方向设置的若干组，每组对应一个限丝件30，限丝件30和撑卷杆20分别位于线架10的两侧。
将上述实施例和对比例制得的产品进行性能测试
1、测试方法如下
实验室条件：温度23±2℃，相对湿度50-70％
1.1最大拉力及最大拉力下的伸长率测试方法
拉伸试验机：测量范围可调至0-2000N，精度至少5N，标尺分度值至少1mm，测长范围大于400mm。
调节拉伸试验机的加荷速度为100mm/min，将试件夹持在夹具中心，不得歪扭，上下夹具间距离为200mm。
启动拉伸试验机，直至试件拉断为止，记录最大拉力及断裂时的伸长值。
试件如在夹具夹持线10mm内断裂，或从夹具中滑出超过2mm，试验结果无效，用备用件补测。
分别测定试件纵向和横向的拉力，取同向5个试件拉力的算术平均值作为试件的试验结果，单位为N/50mm。
断裂时伸长率计算：(L 1-L 0)/L 0×100
式中：L0：试件初始标距，单位为mm
L1：试件断裂时的标距，单位为mm
分别计算试件纵向和横向的断裂伸长率，取同向5个试件断裂时伸长率的算术平均值作为试件的试验结果。
1.3 200℃自由热收缩率
按图1所示在夹持线间标出标记线aa’、bb’，在标记线处测定试件的宽度，在两标记线中间处测定试件标记线间的长度，标记和测量误差不大于0.2mm。
夹持器要求：夹持器一对，夹持宽度100mm，并带挂钩，下夹持器与配重砝码总质量4000g。
电热鼓风烘箱：控温精度±2℃
将试件夹在夹持器上，放入加热到(200±3)℃的烘箱内，将上夹持器自由悬挂在烘箱的支架上，把配重砝码挂在夹持器上，关上烘箱门。试件在(200±3)℃和规定荷重的状态下，保持10min，然后从烘箱中取出，在室温悬挂5min后，去掉配重砝码和夹持器，在原测量处测量纵向和横向尺寸。
200℃自由热收缩率为：(l 1-l 0)/l 0×100
式中：l 0—试验前试件尺寸，单位为mm
l 1---试验后试件尺寸，单位为mm
2、实验结果
Figure PCTCN2019100786-appb-000001
3、结论
实施例1-4的自由热收缩率显著优于对比例1，因此本发明中在涤纶长丝纺粘针刺胎基布的基础上均匀添加玻璃纤维丝技术，实现了聚酯纺粘在线加筋长丝针刺油毡基布及其装备的国产化、生产速度相较聚酯长丝针刺油毡基布大大提高，横向幅宽不再收缩、抗老化时间大大延长。
以上仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种油毡基布，其特征在于：包括从上至下依次设置的纤网层一和纤网层二，所述纤网层一和所述纤网层二之间设置有加强筋，所述加强筋为若干个，且沿所述纤网的横向均匀分布，
    所述纤网层一、所述加强筋和所述纤网层二之间通过针刺、浸胶加固。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种油毡基布，其特征在于：所述加强筋为玻璃纤维丝。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种油毡基布，其特征在于：相邻所述加强筋之间的距离小于等于15mm。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的一种油毡基布，其特征在于：相邻所述加强筋之间的距离为6-10mm。
  5. 一种油毡基布的生产方法，其特征在于：包括以下步骤，
    a，将聚酯切片分别加工成纤网层一和纤网层二，
    b，将玻璃纤维丝加入至所述纤网层一和所述纤网层二之间，得到中间布，
    c，将所述中间布经预针刺、主针刺、浸胶、烘干得到油毡基布成品。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的一种油毡基布的生产方法，其特征在于：所述步骤b包括以下步骤，
    将所述纤网层一沿水平铺开，
    在所述纤网层一表面铺设所述玻璃纤维丝，
    将所述纤网层二铺在铺好玻璃纤维丝的纤网层一上。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的一种油毡基布的生产方法，其特征在于：所述步骤b中，所述玻璃纤维丝经吸风吸附铺设在所述纤网层一上，
    所述纤网层二经吸风吸附铺设在铺好玻璃纤维丝的纤网层一上。
  8. 根据权利要求5所述的一种油毡基布的生产方法，其特征在于：
    所述聚酯切片经结晶-干燥-过滤得到纺丝，所述纺丝经侧吹风-牵伸-摆丝得到所述纤网层一或所述纤网层二。
  9. 根据权利要求5所述的一种油毡基布的生产方法，其特征在于：所述预针刺和所述主针刺过程采用长丝针刺，且植针密度为3500-4500枚/米2，针刺频率为1400-1600次/min，针刺深度为6-10mm。
  10. 根据权利要求5所述的一种油毡基布的生产方法，其特征在于：所述浸胶过程采用淀粉粘合剂溶液，且淀粉粘合剂溶液的浓度为23-27％。
PCT/CN2019/100786 2018-10-30 2019-08-15 一种油毡基布及其制备方法 WO2020088036A1 (zh)

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CN109505066A (zh) * 2018-10-30 2019-03-22 安国市前进无纺布有限公司 一种油毡基布及其制备方法
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CN2928895Y (zh) * 2006-06-20 2007-08-01 王占峰 夹筋增强无纺布
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CN207736848U (zh) * 2017-11-29 2018-08-17 盘锦禹王无纺布有限责任公司 一种用于聚酯长丝油毡基布的无纺布
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