WO2020087700A1 - 声学模组和电子产品 - Google Patents

声学模组和电子产品 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020087700A1
WO2020087700A1 PCT/CN2018/122261 CN2018122261W WO2020087700A1 WO 2020087700 A1 WO2020087700 A1 WO 2020087700A1 CN 2018122261 W CN2018122261 W CN 2018122261W WO 2020087700 A1 WO2020087700 A1 WO 2020087700A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
sound
hole
microphone
top wall
acoustic module
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2018/122261
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张庆一
马悦生
伦英军
Original Assignee
歌尔股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 歌尔股份有限公司 filed Critical 歌尔股份有限公司
Priority to US17/289,811 priority Critical patent/US11425504B2/en
Publication of WO2020087700A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020087700A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/02—Casings; Cabinets ; Supports therefor; Mountings therein
    • H04R1/025—Arrangements for fixing loudspeaker transducers, e.g. in a box, furniture
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/06—Loudspeakers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
    • H04R1/22—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired frequency characteristic only 
    • H04R1/222—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired frequency characteristic only  for microphones
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
    • H04R1/32—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only
    • H04R1/34—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only by using a single transducer with sound reflecting, diffracting, directing or guiding means
    • H04R1/342—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only by using a single transducer with sound reflecting, diffracting, directing or guiding means for microphones
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
    • H04R1/32—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only
    • H04R1/34—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only by using a single transducer with sound reflecting, diffracting, directing or guiding means
    • H04R1/38—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only by using a single transducer with sound reflecting, diffracting, directing or guiding means in which sound waves act upon both sides of a diaphragm and incorporating acoustic phase-shifting means, e.g. pressure-gradient microphone
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
    • H04R1/32—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only
    • H04R1/40—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only by combining a number of identical transducers
    • H04R1/406—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only by combining a number of identical transducers microphones
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/02—Details
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/02—Casings; Cabinets ; Supports therefor; Mountings therein
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
    • H04R1/22—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired frequency characteristic only 
    • H04R1/28—Transducer mountings or enclosures modified by provision of mechanical or acoustic impedances, e.g. resonator, damping means
    • H04R1/2807—Enclosures comprising vibrating or resonating arrangements
    • H04R1/2838—Enclosures comprising vibrating or resonating arrangements of the bandpass type
    • H04R1/2846—Vents, i.e. ports, e.g. shape thereof or tuning thereof with damping material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2201/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones covered by H04R1/00 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • H04R2201/003—Mems transducers or their use
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2400/00—Loudspeakers
    • H04R2400/11—Aspects regarding the frame of loudspeaker transducers

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of electronic products, and in particular, relates to an acoustic module and electronic products.
  • consumer electronic products have developed rapidly, and electronic devices such as smart phones and VR devices have been recognized by consumers and have been widely used.
  • Consumer electronics products have a trend of thinning and lightening, and the thickness of mobile phones, tablet computers and other products is gradually decreasing.
  • consumers have higher requirements on the appearance of electronic products.
  • the acoustic module of electronic products is usually used to convert sound signals into sound, and is an important accessory of electronic products.
  • the casing of the electronic product is usually provided with a sound-out hole for the sound to pass out, and the acoustic module is usually provided near the sound-out hole of the casing of the electronic product.
  • a microphone is also integrated on the acoustic module.
  • a sound-receiving hole for the microphone to receive sound needs to be set on the casing of the electronic product.
  • the microphone needs to be at a position corresponding to the sound receiving hole.
  • the sound output and sound receiving positions of the existing integrated acoustic modules are difficult to meet the position requirements of the sound output holes and sound receiving holes provided on the casing of the electronic product. If the outgoing and receiving positions of the acoustic module do not correspond, it will obviously affect the performance of the acoustic performance of the acoustic module.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a new technical solution for an acoustic module.
  • an acoustic module including:
  • the module case includes an upper case and a lower case
  • the module upper case has a side wall and a top wall, a through hole is formed on the side wall, and an upper edge of the through hole is separated from The distance between the top wall is greater than or equal to one-half of the overall height of the side wall, and the upper shell is configured to be buckled with the lower shell;
  • a fixing piece and a microphone the fixing piece is snap-fitted and fixed in the upper case, the fixing piece is configured to fix the microphone on the inner surface of the top wall, and the fixing piece is formed with A sound channel, the sound channel connects the microphone to the through hole.
  • an accommodation area is formed in the fixing member, the microphone is disposed in the accommodation area, and the sound channel communicates with the accommodation area.
  • one side of the accommodating area is open, the open side of the accommodating area is snapped onto the inner surface of the top wall, and the bottom surface of the microphone is in contact with the inner surface of the top wall.
  • the fixing member has a partition plate, and a connection hole is formed on the partition plate, one side of the partition plate is used to enclose the accommodation area, and the other side of the partition plate is used to The enclosure forms the sound channel, and the connection hole communicates the accommodating area with the sound channel.
  • the sound-receiving surface of the microphone faces the connection hole.
  • the normal of the sound-receiving surface of the microphone is perpendicular to the inner surface of the top wall, the extending direction of the sound channel is parallel to the inner surface of the top wall, and the sound-receiving surface of the microphone faces away from The direction of the inner surface of the top wall.
  • a protective film is provided on the sound-receiving surface of the microphone.
  • a sound-generating component is further provided.
  • the sound-generating component is disposed in the module housing, and a through-hole sound-exiting hole is formed in the side wall.
  • the sounding hole is arranged side by side with the through-hole. The sound hole is used for the sound generated by the sound emitting part to pass out from the sound hole.
  • a flexible circuit board is connected to the microphone.
  • the invention also provides an electronic product, including:
  • a product casing, the acoustic module is fixedly arranged in the product casing;
  • a sound receiving port is formed on the product casing, and the sound receiving port communicates with the through hole and corresponds in position.
  • the sound pickup position of the microphone it is possible to make the sound pickup position of the microphone more convenient to correspond to the sound pickup hole position on the electronic product.
  • FIG. 1 is an exploded view of some components of the acoustic module provided by the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a side cross-sectional view at A-A in FIG. 2.
  • the present invention provides an improved acoustic module.
  • the acoustic module at least includes a module housing, a fixing member 2 and a microphone 3.
  • the module housing includes an upper shell 11 and a lower shell.
  • the upper shell 11 can be snap-fitted on the lower shell to form a receiving area for receiving the fixing member 2, the microphone 3, and other components.
  • the upper case 11 has a side wall 111 and a top wall 112, and a through hole 113 is formed in the side wall 111.
  • the through hole 113 may serve as a sound receiving hole of the microphone 3.
  • the distance between the upper edge of the through hole 113 and the top wall 112 is greater than or equal to half the height of the entire side wall 111.
  • the upper edge of the through hole 113 in the present invention refers to the edge of the through hole 113 on the side close to the top wall 112.
  • the through hole 113 is a position relatively away from the top wall 112 on the side wall 111, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, the upper edge of the through hole 113 and the top wall
  • the distance of 112 is greater than half of the overall height of the side wall 111.
  • the fixing member 2 is engaged in the upper shell 11, and the fixing member 2 is used to fix the fixing member 2 on the inner surface of the top wall 112.
  • the microphone 3 may be sandwiched between the fixing member 2 and the top wall 112. Further, a channel 21 is formed in the fixing member 2, and the channel 21 is in butt communication with the microphone 3 and the through hole 113.
  • the microphone 3 may communicate with the through hole 113 through the sound channel 21 to receive sound from the outside of the through hole 113.
  • the lower shell is usually located on the lower side in the direction of gravity, and the upper shell is located above the lower shell. That is, the inner surface of the top wall of the upper case faces downward.
  • the acoustic module of the invention is provided with a fixing piece, so that the microphone can be conveniently fixed upward at a position close to the inner surface of the top wall.
  • the above-mentioned sound channel is formed in the fixing member. In order to ensure that the sound can smoothly pass through the sound channel, the sound channel inevitably occupies a part of the space. The sound channel must have a smooth and smooth flow of air and sound waves. Space. As shown in FIG.
  • the sound channel 21 can be conveniently docked with the through hole 113 away from the top wall 112 on the premise of meeting the space requirement for smooth sound transmission on.
  • the through hole 113 is farther away from the top wall 112, that is, closer to the bottom of the lower case, and the through hole 113 is closer to the bottom of the module case on the side wall 111.
  • the design method of the present invention enables the through holes on the acoustic module for sound collection to be adapted to the relatively lower sound receiving holes provided on the electronic product.
  • the through hole can be docked with the sound receiving hole on the electronic product, and the microphone can smoothly receive sound through the through hole and the sound receiving hole with the aid of the sound channel formed by the fixing member.
  • the acoustic module provided by the present invention can better adapt to the position of the sound-receiving hole required on the electronic product, reduce the problem of the misalignment of the through hole and the sound-receiving hole, or avoid the microphone in order to receive from the sound-receiving hole of the already determined position The problem of poor sound reception caused by sound.
  • the microphone it is difficult to arrange the microphone at a position close to the top wall of the upper case. If the microphone is at a middle position in the height direction of the module case or at a position near the bottom of the lower case, it is difficult for the microphone to smoothly receive sound from the through hole far from the top wall of the upper case.
  • the width of the through hole itself in the height direction of the side wall is less than or equal to one third of the overall height of the side wall. If the width of the through-hole is too wide, on the one hand, it may affect the mounting position of the microphone, compressing the mounting space that can accommodate the microphone; on the other hand, it may make the through-hole and the hole for receiving sound on the electronic product match.
  • an accommodation area 22 is formed in the fixing member 2, and the microphone 3 is disposed in the accommodation area 22.
  • the accommodating area 22 forms a surrounding form of the microphone 3 so as to position and fix the microphone 3.
  • the sound channel 21 communicates with the accommodating area 22 so as to introduce external sound into the accommodating area 22 for the microphone 3 to pick up.
  • the shape of the accommodating area 22 preferably matches the shape of the microphone 3 so as to more accurately position the microphone 3.
  • one side of the accommodating area 22 is open, and the other part has a side wall 111 to form a surrounding form of the microphone 3 at any time.
  • the microphone 3 can be inserted into the receiving area 22 from the open side of the receiving area 22.
  • the fixing member 2 buckles the open side of the accommodating area 22 on the inner surface of the top wall 112, and the inner surface of the top wall 112 together with the accommodating area 22 defines the position of the microphone 3.
  • the bottom surface of the microphone may directly contact the inner surface of the top wall.
  • the microphone can be directly attached to the inner surface of the top wall, leaving as much space as possible for the channel.
  • the positioning accuracy of the microphone is higher.
  • the fixing member 2 has a partition, and the partition is used to form the accommodating area 22 and the sound channel 21.
  • One side of the partition is used to enclose the accommodating area 22, and the other side of the partition is used to enclose the sound channel 21.
  • the sound channel 21 may be completely formed in the fixing member 2.
  • the fixing member 2 has an approximately cubic structure, and the fixing member 2 has some hollowed-out portions for forming the sound channel 21 and the receiving area 22.
  • the partition is located in the middle of the hollowed-out area of the fixing member 2 and is used to separate the sound channel 21 from the receiving area 22.
  • a connection hole 23 is formed on the partition, and the connection hole 23 communicates the accommodating area 22 and the sound channel 21.
  • the sound introduced into the sound channel 21 from the through hole 113 can be further introduced into the accommodating area 22 from the connection hole 23.
  • the design of the fixing member using a partition plate can better define the shape of the accommodating area, thereby improving the positioning accuracy of the microphone.
  • the partition also makes it easier to define the space of the channel.
  • the microphone may be a MEMS micro microphone.
  • the microphone usually has a micro hole for receiving sound, and the micro hole is usually on a side surface of the microphone device, and the surface is a sound receiving surface of the microphone.
  • the sound-receiving surface of the microphone faces the connection hole, so as to receive sound better.
  • the normal of the sound-receiving surface of the microphone 3 is perpendicular to the inner surface of the top wall 112.
  • the extending direction of the sound channel 21 may be parallel to the inner surface of the top wall 112. Further, the sound-receiving surface faces away from the inner surface of the top wall 112.
  • the microphone can receive sound from the through hole more smoothly.
  • this design enables the acoustic module to better adapt to the needs of side sound collection and side sound output of electronic products.
  • the entire acoustic module may have a flat structure.
  • the top wall of the upper case and the bottom of the lower case corresponding to the top wall have a larger area, and the height of the side wall is relatively short. After extending a distance in a direction parallel to the top wall, the sound channel is transmitted to the sound receiving surface of the microphone parallel to the top wall. Effective use of flat spaces in acoustic modules.
  • the sound-receiving surface of the microphone 3 may be provided with a protective film 31, which is used to protect the sound-receiving surface, which can allow airflow and air Vibration passes through, but foreign objects entering from the sound channel 21 can be intercepted to avoid damage to the microphone 3 by the foreign objects.
  • the acoustic module may further include a sound-generating component, and the sound-generating component is disposed in the module housing, and the fixing member and the microphone are disposed beside the sound-generating component.
  • the side wall of the upper shell is formed with a through sound hole.
  • the sound output hole is used for the sound generated by the sound emitting part to be transmitted out.
  • the sound hole 114 and the through hole 113 are arranged side by side.
  • the appearance of electronic products often requires the holes for sound output and sound reception to be arranged side by side to maintain aesthetics.
  • the through holes and sound holes of the acoustic module are arranged side by side to meet the requirements of matching the positions of the holes on the casing of the electronic product.
  • a flexible circuit board 32 may also be connected to the microphone 3, and the flexible circuit board 32 is used to introduce the acoustic signal generated by the microphone 3 into a control chip or other control device of an electronic product .
  • the flexible circuit board 32 may protrude from between the fixing member 2 and the inner surface of the top wall 112.
  • the fixing member 2 may be specially formed with a hole structure for the flexible circuit board 32 to extend.
  • the present invention also provides an electronic product, which may be a mobile phone or a tablet computer, etc.
  • the present invention does not limit this.
  • This includes the product casing and the above acoustic module.
  • the acoustic module is fixedly disposed in the product casing, and a sound receiving port is formed on the product casing.
  • the through hole on the acoustic module communicates with the sound receiving port and corresponds in position.
  • the sound-receiving port may be provided at a position near the bottom of the side wall of the product casing. In this case, the acoustic module provided by the present invention can still provide the through-hole with the Describe the location corresponding to the sound port.
  • a sound output port may also be formed on the product casing, and the sound output port is used to correspond to the sound output hole on the acoustic module, for the sound of the sound emitting part to be transmitted therethrough.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Otolaryngology (AREA)
  • Telephone Set Structure (AREA)
  • Details Of Audible-Bandwidth Transducers (AREA)

Abstract

一种声学模组和电子产品。声学模组包括：模组壳体，模组壳体包括上壳(11)和下壳，模组上壳(11)具有侧壁(111)和顶壁(112)，侧壁(111)上形成有通孔(113)，通孔(113)的上边缘距顶壁(112)的距离大于或等于侧壁(111)整体高度的二分之一，上壳(11)被配置为能与下壳扣合；固定件(2)和麦克风(3)，固定件(2)扣合固定在上壳(11)内，固定件(2)被配置为用于将麦克风(3)固定在顶壁(112)的内表面上，固定件(2)中形成有声道(21)，声道(21)将麦克风(3)与通孔(113)对接连通。

Description

声学模组和电子产品 技术领域
本发明属于电子产品技术领域，具体地，涉及一种声学模组和电子产品。
背景技术
近年来，消费类电子产品的得到快速发展，智能手机、VR设备等电子设备得到消费者的认可，得到了广泛的应用。消费类电子产品具有轻薄化的发展趋势，手机、平板电脑等产品的厚度逐渐减薄。此外，消费者对电子产品的外观美观程度也有较高要求。
为适应外观设计的要求，本领域技术人员需要将电子产品中各部件设计的更紧凑，而且还需要将与产品外观有关的部件设置在预定、恰当的位置。以电子产品的声学模组为例，声学模组通常用于将声音信号转换成声音，是电子产品的重要配件。电子产品的外壳上通常设置有供声音传出的出声孔，声学模组通常设置在靠近电子产品的外壳的出声孔处。
在改进的技术方案中，声学模组上还集成有麦克风。相应地，电子产品的外壳上还需要开设供麦克风接收声音的收声孔。在这种情况下，所述麦克风需要处在与所述收声孔对应的位置处。但是，现有的集成声学模组的出声与收声位置难以满足电子产品的外壳上设置有出声孔与收声孔的位置要求。若声学模组的出声、收声位置不对应，则会明显影响声学模组的声学性能的发挥。
发明内容
本发明的一个目的是提供一种声学模组的新技术方案。
根据本发明的第一方面，提供了一种声学模组，包括：
模组壳体，所述模组壳体包括上壳和下壳，所述模组上壳具有侧壁和 顶壁，所述侧壁上形成有通孔，所述通孔的上边缘距所述顶壁的距离大于或等于所述侧壁整体高度的二分之一，所述上壳被配置为能与所述下壳扣合；
固定件和麦克风，所述固定件扣合固定在所述上壳内，所述固定件被配置为用于将所述麦克风固定在所述顶壁的内表面上，所述固定件中形成有声道，所述声道将所述麦克风与所述通孔对接连通。
可选地，所述固定件中形成有容纳区，所述麦克风设置在所述容纳区中，所述声道与所述容纳区连通。
可选地，所述容纳区的一侧敞开，所述容纳区的敞开的一侧扣合在所述顶壁的内表面上，所述麦克风的底面与所述顶壁的内表面接触。
可选地，所述固定件中具有隔板，所述隔板上形成有连接孔，所述隔板的一侧用于围合构成所述容纳区，所述隔板的另一侧用于围合构成所述声道，所述连接孔将所述容纳区与声道连通。
可选地，所述麦克风的收声面朝向所述连接孔。
可选地，所述麦克风的收声面的法线垂直于所述顶壁的内表面，所述声道的延伸方向平行于所述顶壁的内表面，所述麦克风的收声面朝向远离所述顶壁的内表面的方向。
可选地，所述麦克风的收声面上设置有保护膜。
可选地，还包括发声部件，所述发声部件设置在所述模组壳体内，所述侧壁上形成有贯通的出声孔，所述出声孔与所述通孔并排设置，所述出声孔供所述发声部件产生的声音从所述出声孔传出。
可选地，所述麦克风上连接有柔性电路板。
本发明还提供了一种电子产品，包括：
上述声学模组；
产品外壳，所述声学模组固定设置在所述产品外壳中；
所述产品外壳上形成有收声口，所述收声口与所述通孔连通且位置对应。
根据本公开的一个实施例，能够使麦克风的收声位置更便于与电子产品上的收声孔位置对应。
通过以下参照附图对本发明的示例性实施例的详细描述，本发明的其它特征及其优点将会变得清楚。
附图说明
被结合在说明书中并构成说明书的一部分的附图示出了本发明的实施例，并且连同其说明一起用于解释本发明的原理。
图1是本发明提供的声学模组的部分部件爆炸图；
图2是本发明提供的声学模组的部分部件的装配轴测图；
图3是图2中A-A处的侧面剖视图。
具体实施方式
现在将参照附图来详细描述本发明的各种示例性实施例。应注意到：除非另外具体说明，否则在这些实施例中阐述的部件和步骤的相对布置、数字表达式和数值不限制本发明的范围。
以下对至少一个示例性实施例的描述实际上仅仅是说明性的，决不作为对本发明及其应用或使用的任何限制。
对于相关领域普通技术人员已知的技术、方法和设备可能不作详细讨论，但在适当情况下，所述技术、方法和设备应当被视为说明书的一部分。
在这里示出和讨论的所有例子中，任何具体值应被解释为仅仅是示例性的，而不是作为限制。因此，示例性实施例的其它例子可以具有不同的值。
应注意到：相似的标号和字母在下面的附图中表示类似项，因此，一旦某一项在一个附图中被定义，则在随后的附图中不需要对其进行进一步讨论。
本发明提供了一种改进的声学模组，如图1、2所示，该声学模组至少包括模组壳体、固定件2以及麦克风3。所述模组壳体包括上壳11和下壳，所述上壳11能够扣合在所述下壳上，形成用于容纳所述固定件2、麦克风3以及其它部件的容纳区域。
如图1-3所示，所述上壳11具有侧壁111和顶壁112，所述侧壁111 上形成有通孔113。所述通孔113可以作为所述麦克风3的收声孔。所述通孔113的上边缘距所述顶壁112的距离大于或等于所述侧壁111整体的高度的二分之一。本发明所述的通孔113的上边缘指的是所述通孔113的靠近所述顶壁112的一侧的边缘。在本发明的技术方案中，所述通孔113为与所述侧壁111上相对远离所述顶壁112的位置，如图1、3所示，所述通孔113的上边缘与顶壁112的距离大于侧壁111整体高度的二分之一。
如图3所示，所述固定件2扣合在所述上壳11内，所述固定件2用于将所述固定件2固定在所述顶壁112的内表面上。所述麦克风3可以夹在所述固定件2与所述顶壁112之间。进一步地，所述固定件2中形成有声道21，所述声道21与所述麦克风3以及所述通孔113对接连通。所述麦克风3可以通过所述声道21连通至所述通孔113处，从而从通孔113外侧接收声音。
所述声学模组在实际应用中，其下壳通常位于重力方向的下侧，而上壳位于下壳上方。即，上壳的顶壁的内表面是朝下的。本发明的声学模组通过设置固定件，使所述麦克风能够便捷的向上固定在靠近所述顶壁内表面的位置。进一步地，所述固定件中形成有上述声道，为了保证声音能够顺畅的穿过所述声道，所述声道必然会占用一部分空间，声道需具有顺畅、平滑的供空气、声波流动的空间。如图3所示，由于所述麦克风3靠近所述顶壁112，声道21在满足顺畅传声的空间要求的前提下，能够便捷的对接在所述远离所述顶壁112的通孔113上。在实际应用中，通孔113远离顶壁112即更靠近下壳的底部，通孔113在侧壁111上靠近模组壳体的底部。
本发明的这种设计方式使得声学模组上用于收声的通孔能够适应于电子产品上设置的相对更靠下的收声孔。所述通孔可以与电子产品上的收声孔对接，而麦克风则在所述固定件形成的声道的辅助下能够顺畅的经通孔和收声孔接收声音。本发明提供的声学模组能够更好的适应电子产品上所要求的收声孔的位置，减少通孔与收声孔错位的问题，或者避免麦克风为了从已经确定好位置的收声孔处收声而造成的收声不畅的问题。
在不采用本发明提供的技术方案的情况下，难以将所述麦克风设置在 靠近所述上壳的顶壁的位置处。如果所述麦克风在模组壳体的高度方向上处在中间的位置，或者处在靠近下壳的底部的位置，则麦克风难以顺畅的从远离上壳的顶壁的通孔处进行收声。
优选地，所述通孔自身在所述侧壁的高度方向的宽度小于或等于所述侧壁整体高度的三分之一。如果所述通孔的宽度过宽，一方面有可能影响到所述麦克风的装配位置，压缩可容纳麦克风的装配空间；另一方面可能使得通孔不与电子产品上的用于收声的孔洞匹配。
可选地，如图3所示，所述固定件2中形成有容纳区22，所述麦克风3设置在所述容纳区22中。所述容纳区22对所述麦克风3形成包围的形式，从而起到对麦克风3进行定位、固定的作用。所述声道21连通至所述容纳区22内，以便将外界的声音导入所述容纳区22中供麦克风3拾取。优选地，所述容纳区22的形状优选与所述麦克风3的形状相匹配，从而更精确的对麦克风3形成定位。
优选地，如图3所示，所述容纳区22的一侧敞开，其它部分具有侧壁111，以对随时麦克风3形成包围的形式。所述麦克风3可以从所述容纳区22的敞开一侧装入所述容纳区22中。所述固定件2将容纳区22敞开的一侧扣合在所述顶壁112的内表面上，所述顶壁112的内表面与容纳区22一同对所述麦克风3的位置形成限定。所述麦克风的底面可以直接与所述顶壁的内部表面接触。通过这种设计方式，能够使所述麦克风直接贴合在所述顶壁的内表面上，为所述声道尽可能留出更多空间。而且采用容纳区与顶壁的内表面配合定位麦克风的方式，麦克风的定位准确性更高。
可选地，如图3所示，所述固定件2中具有隔板，所述隔板用于形成所述容纳区22和声道21。所述隔板的一侧用于围合构成所述容纳区22，而所述隔板的另一侧则用于围合构成所述声道21。所述声道21可以完全形成在所述固定件2内。如图1、2所示，所述固定件2呈近似立方体的结构，固定件2中具有一些掏空的部分用于形成所述声道21和容纳区22。所述隔板位于固定件2中掏空的区域的中间，用于将所述声道21和容纳区22分开。所述隔板上形成有连接孔23，所述连接孔23将所述容纳区22和声道21连通。从通孔113上传入声道21的声音可以进一步从所述连接孔 23传入所述容纳区22内。所述固定件采用隔板的设计能够更好的限定出所述容纳区的形状，进而提高对所述麦克风的定位准确性。而且，隔板也更便于限定出所述声道的空间。
可选地，所述麦克风可以为MEMS微型麦克风。所述麦克风上通常具有用于接收声音的微孔，该微孔通常在麦克风器件的一侧表面上，该表面为麦克风的收声面。优选地，所述麦克风的收声面朝向所述连接孔，以便更好的接收声音。
可选地，如图3所示，所述麦克风3的收声面的法线垂直于所述顶壁112的内表面。所述声道21的延伸方向可以平行于所述顶壁112的内表面。进一步地，所述收声面朝向远离所述顶壁112的内表面的方向。通过这种设计所述麦克风能够更顺畅的从所述通孔接收声音。对于所述声道的延伸方向，这种设计使声学模组能够更好的适应电子产品的侧面收声、侧面出声的需求。所述声学模组整体可以呈扁平的结构，所述上壳的顶壁以及下壳上与顶壁对应的底部具有较大面积，所述侧壁的高度则相对较矮。所述声道沿着平行于顶壁的方向延伸一段距离后，传至平行于顶壁的麦克风的收声面上。有效利用声学模组中的扁平空间。
可选地，如图1、3所示，所述麦克风3的收声面上可以设置有保护膜31，所述保护膜31用于对收声面起到保护作用，其能够允许气流、空气振动穿过，但可以拦截从声道21进入的异物，避免异物对麦克风3造成损伤。
所述声学模组还可以包括发声部件，、所述发声部件设置在所述模组壳体内，所述固定件以及麦克风设置在所述发声部件旁边。所述上壳的侧壁上形成有贯通的出声孔。所述出声孔供所述发声部件产生的声音从中传出。优选地，如图1所示，所述出声孔114与所述通孔113并排设置。电子产品在外观上往往要求用于出声和收声的孔洞并排设置以保持美观，声学模组的通孔和出声孔并排设置以满足与电子产品的外壳上的孔洞位置相匹配的要求。
可选地，如图1所示，所述麦克风3上还可以连接有柔性电路板32，所述柔性电路板32用于将麦克风3生成的声学信号引入电子产品的控制 芯片或其它控制器件中。在所述固定件2形成有容纳区22的实施方式中，所述柔性电路板32可以从固定件2与顶壁112的内表面之间伸出。或者，所述固定件2上可以专门形成有供柔性电路板32伸出的孔道结构。
本发明还提供了一种电子产品，该电子产品可以是手机或平板电脑等，本发明不对此进行限制。其中包括了产品外壳以及上述声学模组。所述声学模组固定设置在所述产品外壳中，所述产品外壳上形成有收声口。所述声学模组上的通孔与所述收声口连通并且位置对应。所述收声口可以设置在产品外壳的侧壁的靠近底部的位置，在这种情况下，本发明提供的声学模组仍能够在保证收声顺畅性的情况下将通孔设置在与所述收声口对应的位置处。
进一步地，所述产品外壳上还可以形成有出声口，所述出声口用于与声学模组上的出声孔相对应，供发声部件的声音从中传出。
虽然已经通过例子对本发明的一些特定实施例进行了详细说明，但是本领域的技术人员应该理解，以上例子仅是为了进行说明，而不是为了限制本发明的范围。本领域的技术人员应该理解，可在不脱离本发明的范围和精神的情况下，对以上实施例进行修改。本发明的范围由所附权利要求来限定。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种声学模组，其特征在于，包括：
    模组壳体，所述模组壳体包括上壳和下壳，所述模组上壳具有侧壁和顶壁，所述侧壁上形成有通孔，所述通孔的上边缘距所述顶壁的距离大于或等于所述侧壁整体高度的二分之一，所述上壳被配置为能与所述下壳扣合；
    固定件和麦克风，所述固定件扣合固定在所述上壳内，所述固定件被配置为用于将所述麦克风固定在所述顶壁的内表面上，所述固定件中形成有声道，所述声道将所述麦克风与所述通孔对接连通。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的声学模组，其特征在于，所述固定件中形成有容纳区，所述麦克风设置在所述容纳区中，所述声道与所述容纳区连通。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的声学模组，其特征在于，所述容纳区的一侧敞开，所述容纳区的敞开的一侧扣合在所述顶壁的内表面上，所述麦克风的底面与所述顶壁的内表面接触。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的声学模组，其特征在于，所述固定件中具有隔板，所述隔板上形成有连接孔，所述隔板的一侧用于围合构成所述容纳区，所述隔板的另一侧用于围合构成所述声道，所述连接孔将所述容纳区与声道连通。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的声学模组，其特征在于，所述麦克风的收声面朝向所述连接孔。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的声学模组，其特征在于，所述麦克风的收声面的法线垂直于所述顶壁的内表面，所述声道的延伸方向平行于所述顶壁的内表面，所述麦克风的收声面朝向远离所述顶壁的内表面的方向。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的声学模组，其特征在于，所述麦克风的收声面上设置有保护膜。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的声学模组，其特征在于，还包括发声部件，所述发声部件设置在所述模组壳体内，所述侧壁上形成有贯通的出声孔，所述出声孔与所述通孔并排设置，所述出声孔供所述发声部件产生的声音 从所述出声孔传出。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的声学模组，其特征在于，所述麦克风上连接有柔性电路板。
  10. 一种电子产品，其特征在于，包括：
    权利要求1-9任意之一所述的声学模组；
    产品外壳，所述声学模组固定设置在所述产品外壳中；
    所述产品外壳上形成有收声口，所述收声口与所述通孔连通且位置对应。
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CN102711004A (zh) * 2012-05-31 2012-10-03 鸿富锦精密工业（深圳）有限公司 具有扬声器的电子装置
CN104821972A (zh) * 2015-04-24 2015-08-05 广东欧珀移动通信有限公司 一种优化内部空间的手机
CN206640780U (zh) * 2016-12-29 2017-11-14 上海与德信息技术有限公司 一体式音腔以及移动通信终端
CN108494919A (zh) * 2018-02-28 2018-09-04 广东欧珀移动通信有限公司 电子设备
CN108616627A (zh) * 2018-07-09 2018-10-02 北京小米移动软件有限公司 终端

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