WO2020083262A1 - 骨折内固定用的接骨夹 - Google Patents

骨折内固定用的接骨夹 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020083262A1
WO2020083262A1 PCT/CN2019/112390 CN2019112390W WO2020083262A1 WO 2020083262 A1 WO2020083262 A1 WO 2020083262A1 CN 2019112390 W CN2019112390 W CN 2019112390W WO 2020083262 A1 WO2020083262 A1 WO 2020083262A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
clip
bone
clip body
internal fixation
pressing
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Application number
PCT/CN2019/112390
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
赵明
Original Assignee
无锡市贵鲲科技有限公司
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Application filed by 无锡市贵鲲科技有限公司 filed Critical 无锡市贵鲲科技有限公司
Publication of WO2020083262A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020083262A1/zh

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
    • A61B17/68—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B2017/00831—Material properties
    • A61B2017/00862—Material properties elastic or resilient
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B2017/564—Methods for bone or joint treatment

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of medical devices, in particular to medical devices for internal fixation of fractures, and in particular to bone clips for internal fixation of fractures.
  • Humerus, ulna, radius, femur, tibia, fibula, ribs, clavicle, lumbar vertebrae, thoracic femur, and cervical vertebrae are mostly fixed with bone plates and screws.
  • the surgical procedure mainly includes the following steps: S1. Surgical incision to expose both ends of the broken bone, and process the muscles and periosteum to separate it from the bone; S2, physiological reduction of the broken bone at both ends; S3, implantation of the bone plate, so that the bone plate is attached to the surface of the broken bone at both ends Close and fix the bone plate and broken bone with screws; S4, suture.
  • step S3 requires screw holes matching the bone plate on the two broken bones, in order to ensure effective drilling and screwing, that is, to expose the drilling site and avoid tissue interference in the drilling direction, at least the incision needs to be opened to
  • the bone plates are quite long, with large surgical incisions, large trauma, large amount of bleeding, fixed screw holes, damaged bones, and slow bone healing.
  • each screw takes an average of 10 minutes from the position of the marking eye, the actual hole to the screw in. It takes 40 minutes to complete the four screws. Sometimes it is necessary to shorten the screw clamp according to the bone size of the screw installation site, and the overall operation time is very long.
  • the present invention provides a bone fixation clip for internal fixation of fractures, which can solve the problem of not only large surgical incisions, large trauma, and large amount of bleeding when performing an existing fracture internal fixation device combined with a bone plate and a screw
  • the technical problems of fixation screw drilling damage the affected bone, broken bone slow healing, and the operation takes a long time.
  • the technical solution is such a bone clip for internal fixation of a fracture, characterized in that the bone clip includes a clip body, the clip body is a curved plate-like structure and has elasticity, the clip body can be opened to form a fracture For the opening through which the bone passes, the clip body can wrap, clamp, and fix both ends of the broken bone by its own elasticity after loosening.
  • the inner surface of the clip body is provided with teeth.
  • the teeth are integrally formed with the clip body, and the teeth face the junction of broken bones at both ends.
  • the inner cavity formed by the bending of the clip body can match the shape of the broken bone after the clip body is opened.
  • the ratio of the width of the clip body in the expanded state to the circumference of the broken bone ranges from 2/3 to 1.
  • the clip body is distributed with first perforations penetrating through the inner and outer surfaces of the clip body.
  • the clip body is provided with a second perforation penetrating through the inner and outer surfaces of the clip body, and the second perforation is used for passing through the protrusion parts of each vertebra and avoiding interference with the protrusion parts during the process of wrapping the vertebrae by the clip body.
  • the bone clip further includes an opening mechanism, the opening mechanism is movably connected with the clip body and can open the clip body to form an opening for the broken bone to pass through.
  • the opening mechanism includes a pair of pressing arms, and the clamping body is provided with connecting portions on both sides in the opening direction, and the pressing arm is sequentially provided with a connecting and engaging portion, a resisting portion, and a pressing portion along the length direction.
  • the cooperation of the connecting part and the connecting and matching part enables the pressing arm to be movably connected with the clip body.
  • a pair of pressing arms are arranged on both sides of the opening direction of the clip body, and the connecting part of the pressing arm
  • the connecting part of the clip body is connected, the abutting part abuts the side part of the clip body, and pressing the pressing parts of the pair of pressing arms causes the clip body to open to form an opening through which the broken bone passes.
  • the opening mechanism includes a connecting rod and a pair of pressing arms disposed on both sides of the connecting rod in the longitudinal direction, the connecting body is provided with connecting parts on both sides in the opening direction, and the pressing arms are arranged in order along the longitudinal direction A connecting and engaging portion, a resisting portion and a pressing portion are provided.
  • the cooperation between the connecting portion and the connecting and engaging portion enables the pressing arm to movably connect with the clip body.
  • the abutting portions of the pair of pressing arms are The two ends of the connecting rod are respectively connected by rotation through a rotating shaft.
  • a pair of pressing arms are arranged on both sides of the opening direction of the clip body, and the connecting portion of the pressing arm is connected to the connecting and matching portion of the clip body, and the resisting portion against the rotating shaft, pressing the pressing portion of the pair of pressing arms causes the clip body to open to form an opening through which the broken bone passes.
  • connecting part and the connecting and matching part are inserted and fitted.
  • the connecting part is a hole, and the connecting and matching part is a cylinder; or, the connecting and matching part is a hole, and the connecting part is a cylinder; the column can be inserted into the hole.
  • the connecting portion includes first connecting portions symmetrically disposed on both sides of the length direction of the clip body, the first connecting portion extends along the length direction of the clip body, and the pressing arm includes a pair of A forearm and a rear arm, the end of the forearm is provided with the connecting and matching part, and a pair of the forearms are respectively elastically connected to both sides of the rear arm and to the first connection on both sides of the longitudinal direction of the clip body Department cooperation.
  • a pair of the forearm and the rear arm are hinged and the relative position is fixed by a locking member.
  • the front arm is provided with a front hinge hole
  • the rear arm is provided with a rear hinge hole
  • the locking pieces are bolts and nuts, and the bolt passes through the front hinge hole and the rear hinge hole and then passes The nut is tightened.
  • the ends of the forearm and the pressing arm are formed with an inward bend.
  • the inner surface and / or inside of the clip body is provided with medicine.
  • the bone clamp of the present invention wraps, clamps and fixes the two ends of the broken bone, in particular, fits and clamps the broken bone in the circumferential direction. Compared with the traditional steel plate fixing method, it is within the unit bone length , The area of the clip body and the broken bone is larger, so it can ensure effective clamping.
  • the clip body is opened to form an opening through which the broken bone passes, and then the clip body is released , Wrap and clamp both ends of the broken bone by its own elasticity, thereby avoiding the use of screws.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the clip body of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged schematic view of the structure in FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an opening mechanism according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a pressing arm according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a perspective structure in a use state according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of another viewing angle in a use state according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the combination of a tooth and a broken bone according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a second embodiment of the present invention in use.
  • the bone clip includes a clip body 10, which is a curved plate-like structure and has elasticity, and the clip body 10 can be opened to form an opening 11 for the broken bone to pass through Moreover, both ends of the broken bone can be accommodated in the inner cavity formed by the bending of the clip body 10.
  • the clip body 10 can wrap, clamp, and fix the two ends of the broken bone by its own elasticity after loosening. After the clip body is opened, it can match the shape of the broken bone. Specifically, the inner cavity of the clip body is generally over-expanded to accommodate both ends of the broken bone.
  • the clip body After the clip body is released, the clip body recovers and deforms due to its own elasticity, and the inner cavity gradually Shrink until the clip body is wrapped on the surface of the broken bone.
  • the shape, size and curvature of the lumen of the clip body are consistent with the shape, size and curvature of the corresponding bone of the naturally growing human anatomy.
  • the size includes the width, thickness and diameter of the broken bone
  • the arcs include external parabolic arcs, natural bending arcs, etc., and the clip body is not fully restored to deformation, and is still in an open state, with a tendency to restore deformation, that is, elasticity, so that the clip body 10 fits the broken bone, ensuring the clip body 10 pairs The two ends are effectively wrapped and clamped.
  • the ratio of the width of the clip body 10 in the expanded state to the circumference of the broken bone is 2/3 ⁇ 1, that is, the clip body 10 has a C-shaped structure in a natural state to further ensure The clip body 10 effectively wraps, clamps, and fixes both ends of the broken bone.
  • the clip body can be selected by medical high elastic metal material (such as medical titanium alloy steel plate or high elastic steel plate), or by increasing or decreasing the thickness of the elastic deformation part of the clip body, so that the clip body can clamp and fix the broken bone
  • medical high elastic metal material such as medical titanium alloy steel plate or high elastic steel plate
  • different thicknesses and different elastic sizes can be set for different ages, such as children, adolescents, adults and the elderly.
  • the inner surface of the clip body 10 is provided with teeth 14.
  • the teeth 14 are embedded in the bone to increase the binding force between the clip body 10 and the broken bone.
  • the clip body 10 is integrally formed, and the teeth 14 face the junction of the broken bones at both ends, that is, the teeth of the clip body 10 and the broken bones are arranged facing each other, to avoid the separation of the broken bones at both ends, and the close to the bone fracture 33 may not be provided Tooth, to avoid the influence of teeth on the strength of bone fracture site.
  • the clip body 10 is distributed with first perforations 15 penetrating the inner and outer surfaces of the clip body 10.
  • the arrangement of the first perforations 15 ensures microcirculation between the broken bone and the surrounding tissue, creating a good environment for broken bone healing and promoting broken bone growth , Healing.
  • the clip body 10 is provided with a second perforation penetrating through the inner and outer surfaces of the clip body.
  • the second perforation is not shown in the figure.
  • the second perforation is used for the protrusion of each vertebra and avoids the protrusion during the process of the body wrapping the vertebra Interference occurs in the site, that is, a second perforation A is provided in the middle of the clip body for the spinous process to penetrate, and a second perforation B for the transverse process and the secondary process is provided on both sides of the body, and the second perforation B preferably extends
  • the clip body is located on the upper and lower sides of the second perforation B to form a clip arm (similar to an open and curved index finger and middle finger), so that the clip body avoids contact with the elastic reset process after loosening
  • the lateral process, secondary process, etc. interfere, and can ensure effective clamping and fixing.
  • the bone clip also includes an opening mechanism 20, which is movably connected to the clip body 10 and can open the clip body 10 to form an opening 11 for the bone to pass through.
  • the opening mechanism 20 includes a pair of pressing arms 21, the clip body 10 On both sides of the opening direction, there are connecting parts extending in the longitudinal direction, 13 is a notch on the outer periphery of the connecting part, the pressing arm 21 is sequentially provided with a connecting and matching part 25, a resisting part and a pressing part along the longitudinal direction, and the connecting part is a cylinder,
  • the connection and fitting part 25 is a hole, and the cylinder can be inserted into the hole.
  • connection part and the connection and fitting part 25 are inserted and fitted, so that the pressing arm 21 can be quickly and movably connected to the clip body 10.
  • a pair of pressing arms 21 are provided separately On both sides of the opening direction of the clip body, the connecting portion of the pressing arm 21 is connected to the connecting and matching portion 25 of the clip body 10, and the resisting portion abuts the side portion of the clip body 10 (see FIG.
  • the pressing arm 21 and the clip body 10 The side contact part), the abutment part is equivalent to a fulcrum, using the principle of lever, pressing the pressing part of the pair of pressing arms 21 causes the clip body 10 to open the opening 11 through which the broken bone passes, releasing the pair of pressing arms 21, clamping
  • the body 10 wraps and clamps both ends of the broken bone through its own elasticity;
  • the pressing of the pressing part can be realized by human power or mechanical equipment.
  • the connecting portion includes first connecting portions 12 symmetrically arranged on both sides of the length direction of the clip body.
  • the first connecting portion 12 extends along the length direction of the clip body, which can effectively reduce the influence of the setting of the connecting portion on the thickness of the clip body, so that the break
  • the distance between the bone and the surrounding tissue is shorter, which is conducive to the exchange of materials, and further guarantees the microcirculation between the broken bone and the surrounding tissue;
  • each compression arm 21 includes a pair of forearm 23 and a rear arm 22, and the end of the forearm 23 is provided with a connecting and matching part 25.
  • the middle part serves as a resisting part.
  • a pair of forearms 23 are elastically connected to both sides of the rear arm 22 and cooperate with the first connecting parts 12 on both sides of the longitudinal direction of the clip body.
  • the rear arm 22 serves as a pressing part It is set so that both ends of the longitudinal direction of the clip body 10 are simultaneously stressed and opened simultaneously to ensure the opening degree of the opening 11 of the clip body, and at the same time, the forearm 23 and the rear arm 22 are elastically connected, and the two forearms 23 overcome the elastic force Open outward (that is, the angle between the two forearms 23 expands), so that the connection and fitting portion 25 is opposed to the first connection portion 12, release the two forearms 23 and recover inward under the action of elasticity (that is, between the two forearms 23) The angle is reduced),
  • the first connection portion have longitudinal direction of the clip 12 can be inserted on both sides 23 mounted on the respective mating portion connecting two forearms 25.
  • An inward bend 24 is formed at the end of the forearm 23, which can avoid interference of the outer shape of the clip body 10, so that the connecting and fitting portion 25 can smoothly fit with the connecting portion.
  • a pair of forearms 23 and rear arms 22 are hinged and fixed in relative positions by locking pieces.
  • the front arms 23 are provided with front hinge holes
  • the rear arms 22 are provided with rear hinge holes.
  • the locking pieces are bolts and nuts. The bolts penetrate the front hinge holes and the rear After the hinge hole is locked by a nut and the locking member is released, the forearm 23 can adjust the orientation and orientation relative to the rear arm 22, so that the connecting and matching portion 25 can smoothly cooperate with the connecting portion.
  • the inner surface of the clip body 10 is provided with a drug coating or filled with a drug preparation.
  • the drug coating or the drug preparation may be a sustained-release drug, which can achieve local sustained-release administration during the recovery of broken bones and promote healing of broken bones.
  • the opening mechanism includes a connecting rod 22 ′ and a pair of pressing arms 21 ′ arranged on both sides of the connecting rod in the longitudinal direction, and the opening direction of the clip body 10 is two.
  • Each side is provided with a connecting part
  • the pressing arm 21 ' is sequentially provided with a connecting and matching part, a resisting part and a pressing part along the length direction.
  • the cooperation of the connecting part and the connecting and matching part enables the pressing arm to be movably connected with the clip body.
  • the abutting portion of the connecting rod is connected to the two ends of the connecting rod through a rotating shaft.
  • a pair of pressing arms are located on both sides of the opening direction of the clip body.
  • the connecting portion of the pressing arm is connected to and resists the connecting and matching portion of the clip body.
  • the part abuts the rotating shaft and presses the pressing part of the pair of pressing arms so that the clip body opens to form an opening for the broken bone to pass through.

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Abstract

一种骨折内固定用的接骨夹包括，夹体（10），夹体（10）为弯曲的板状结构并具有弹性，夹体（10）能够打开形成供断骨通过的开口（11），夹体（10）能够在松开后通过自身弹性将断骨（30）两端（31，32）包裹、夹持、固定，从而避免了螺丝的使用，减小手术切口、减少患骨进一步创伤，实现微创，手术时间短、出血量小、断骨愈合快。

Description

骨折内固定用的接骨夹 技术领域
本发明涉及医疗器械技术领域，尤其涉及骨折内固定用医疗器械，具体涉及骨折内固定用的接骨夹。
 背景技术
肱骨、尺骨、桡骨、股骨、胫骨、腓骨、肋骨、锁骨、腰椎骨、胸椎股和颈椎骨的骨折内固定多采用接骨板和螺丝，其手术过程主要包括以下步骤：S1、在断骨部位形成手术切口，暴露断骨两端，并对肌肉、骨膜等进行处理，使其与骨分离；S2、两端断骨生理复位；S3、植入接骨板，使接骨板与两端断骨表面贴合，并用螺丝将接骨板与断骨固定连接；S4、缝合。
 技术问题
由于步骤S3需要在两段断骨上分别打上与接骨板配合的螺丝孔，为确保有效打眼和拧入螺丝，即暴露钻孔部位并避免钻孔方向上组织干涉，需要至少将切口打开至与接骨板相当长度，手术切口大、创伤大、出血量大、固定螺丝打眼损伤患骨、断骨愈合慢，同时，平均每颗螺丝从比划打眼位置、实际打眼至拧入，平均耗时10分钟，四颗螺丝即耗时40分钟，有时还需要根据螺丝安装部位的骨尺寸将螺丝钳短，整体手术时间很长。
 技术解决方案
针对上述问题，本发明提供了骨折内固定用的接骨夹，其能解决使用现有的、由接骨板和螺丝组合的骨折内固定装置进行手术时，不仅手术切口大、创伤大、出血量大、固定螺丝打眼损伤患骨、断骨愈合慢，而且手术耗时长的技术问题。
其技术方案是这样的，骨折内固定用的接骨夹，其特征在于：所述接骨夹包括夹体，所述夹体为弯曲的板状结构并具有弹性，所述夹体能够打开形成供断骨通过的开口，所述夹体能够在松开后通过自身弹性将断骨两端包裹、夹持、固定。
进一步的，所述夹体的内表面上设有齿。
更进一步的，所述齿与所述夹体一体成型，所述齿朝向两端断骨的结合处。
进一步的，所述夹体弯曲形成的内腔在夹体打开后能够与断骨外形匹配。
更进一步的，所述夹体在展开状态下的宽度与断骨周长的比值范围为2/3~1。
进一步的，所述夹体上分布有贯穿夹体内、外表面的第一穿孔。
进一步的，所述夹体上开设有贯穿夹体内、外表面的第二穿孔，所述第二穿孔供各椎骨的突起部位穿过并且避免在夹体包裹椎骨的过程中与突起部位发生干涉。
进一步的，所述接骨夹还包括打开机构，所述打开机构与所述夹体活动连接并且能够使所述夹体打开形成供断骨通过的开口。
更进一步的，所述打开机构包括一对压臂，所述夹体的开口方向两侧分别设有连接部，所述压臂沿长度方向依次设有连接配合部、抵持部和按压部，所述连接部与所述连接配合部的配合使得所述压臂能够与所述夹体活动连接，使用时，一对压臂分设于所述夹体的开口方向两侧，压臂的连接部与夹体的连接配合部连接、抵持部抵靠夹体侧部，按压一对压臂的按压部使得夹体打开形成供断骨通过的开口。
更进一步的，所述打开机构包括一个连接杆和一对分设于连接杆长度方向两侧的压臂，所述夹体的开口方向两侧分别设有连接部，所述压臂沿长度方向依次设有连接配合部、抵持部和按压部，所述连接部与所述连接配合部的配合使得所述压臂能够与所述夹体活动连接，一对所述压臂的抵接部与所述连接杆的两端部分别通过转轴转动连接，使用时，一对压臂分设于所述夹体的开口方向两侧，压臂的连接部与夹体的连接配合部连接、抵持部抵靠转轴，按压一对压臂的按压部使得夹体打开形成供断骨通过的开口。
更进一步的，所述连接部与所述连接配合部为插装配合。
更进一步的，所述连接部为孔，所述连接配合部为柱体；或者，所述连接配合部为孔，所述连接部为柱体；所述柱体能够插装于孔内。
进一步的，所述连接部包括对称地设置于所述夹体的长度方向两侧的第一连接部，所述第一连接部沿所述夹体的长度方向延伸，所述压臂包括一对前臂和一个后臂，所述前臂的端部设有所述连接配合部，一对所述前臂分别弹性连接于所述后臂两侧并与所述夹体的长度方向两侧的第一连接部配合。
更进一步的，一对所述前臂和所述后臂铰接并且通过锁止件固定相对位置。
更进一步的，所述前臂设有前铰接孔，所述后臂设有后铰接孔，所述锁止件为螺栓和螺母，所述螺栓贯穿所述前铰接孔、所述后铰接孔后通过螺母锁紧。
更进一步的，所述前臂、所述压臂的端部形成有向内的折弯。
进一步的，所述夹体的内表面和/或内部设置有药物。
 有益效果
本发明的接骨夹，夹体是将断骨两端包裹、夹持、固定，具体是沿断骨的周向与之贴合夹紧，相较于传统钢板的固定方式，在单位骨长度内，夹体与断骨贴合的面积更大，故能够确保有效的夹持，接骨夹在使用时，具体在手术步骤S3中，夹体打开形成使断骨通过的开口，然后夹体松开，通过自身弹性将断骨两端包裹、夹持，从而避免了螺丝的使用，一方面，无需钻孔，不仅不破坏骨组织、不穿过髓腔，减小患骨进一步创伤，断骨愈合快，而且对钻孔部位、方向没有要求，无需将手术切口打开至与夹子长度一致，夹体可倾斜的进入体内，通过电视X光机或类似装置以提供视野，实现进行摆正，能够有效减小手术切口，即实现微创手术，创伤小、出血量小、恢复快；另一方面，相应的省略了钳短螺丝、比划打眼位置、打眼和拧螺丝的操作，大幅缩短手术时间。
 附图说明
图1为本发明的夹体的结构示意图。
图2为图1中A处局部放大后的结构示意图。
图3为本发明的实施例一的打开机构的结构示意图。
图4为本发明的实施例一的压臂的结构示意图。
图5为本发明实施例一使用状态下的一个视角结构示意图。
图6为本发明实施例一使用状态下的另一个视角的结构示意图。
图7为本发明实施例一的齿与断骨结合的示意图。
图8为本发明实施例二使用状态下的结构示意图。
附图标记：10-夹体；11-开口；12-第一连接部；13-缺口；14-齿；20-打开机构；21、21’-压臂；22-后臂；22’-连接杆；23-前臂；23’-转轴；24-折弯；25-连接配合部；30-断骨；31-断骨一端；32-断骨另一端；33-断裂处。
 本发明的实施方式
实施例一
如图1~图6所示，骨折内固定用的接骨夹，接骨夹包括夹体10，夹体10为弯曲的板状结构并具有弹性，夹体10能够打开形成供断骨通过的开口11并能使得断骨两端收容于夹体10弯曲形成的内腔，夹体10能够在松开后通过自身弹性将断骨两端包裹、夹持、固定，夹体10弯曲形成的内腔在夹体打开后能够与断骨外形匹配，具体的，夹体打开过程一般内腔是过度张开进而收容断骨两端，在夹体松开后，夹体因自身弹性恢复变形，内腔逐步收缩直至夹体包裹于断骨表面，此时，夹体的内腔形状、尺寸和弧度与自然生长的人体解剖学相应骨骼的外形、尺寸和弧度一致，尺寸包括断骨的宽度、厚度、直径等，弧度包括外抛面弧度、自然弯曲弧度等，并且夹体未完全恢复变形，仍处于打开状态，具有恢复变形的趋势，即具有弹性，使得夹体10与断骨贴合，确保夹体10对断骨两端有效包裹、夹持，夹体10在展开状态下的宽度与断骨周长的比值范围为2/3~1，即夹体10在自然状态下为类似C形的结构，以进一步确保夹体10对断骨两端有效包裹、夹持、固定。
其中，夹体可通过医用高弹性金属材质的选择（例如医用钛合金钢板或高弹性钢板），或者通过增加、减少夹体弹性变形部位的厚度，以使得夹体对断骨的夹持、固定效果达到临床医学要求的骨骼内固定要求；同时，可针对不同年龄阶段，例如儿童、青少年、成年人和老年人分别设置不同厚度、不同弹性大小的夹体。
夹体10的内表面上设有齿14，夹体10在夹紧过程中，齿14嵌入骨质以增加夹体10与断骨的结合力，优选地，如图7所示，齿14与夹体10一体成型，齿14朝向两端断骨的结合处，即夹体10与断骨两端结合的齿是相向设置，避免两端断骨分离，而靠近骨断裂处33也可以不设置齿，避免齿对骨断裂部位强度的影响。
夹体10上分布有贯穿夹体10内、外表面的第一穿孔15，第一穿孔15的设置保证了断骨与周围组织之间的微循环，创造断骨愈合的良好环境，促进断骨生长、愈合。
夹体10上开设有贯穿夹体内、外表面的第二穿孔，第二穿孔未在图中示出，第二穿孔供各椎骨的突起部位穿过并且避免在夹体包裹椎骨的过程中与突起部位发生干涉，即夹体的中间部位开设有一个供棘突贯穿的第二穿孔A，两侧部位开设有与供横突、副突等贯穿的第二穿孔B，并且第二穿孔B优选延伸至与开口11连通,夹体位于第二穿孔B的上侧和下侧分别形成夹臂（类似于张开并弯曲的食指和中指），使得夹体在松开后的弹性复位过程中避免与横突、副突等发生干涉，并能确保有效夹持、固定。
接骨夹还包括打开机构20，打开机构20与夹体10活动连接并且能够使夹体10打开形成供断骨通过的开口11，具体的，打开机构20包括一对压臂21，夹体10的开口方向两侧分别设有沿长度方向延伸的连接部，13为连接部外周的缺口，压臂21沿长度方向依次设有连接配合部25、抵持部和按压部，连接部为柱体，连接配合部25为孔，柱体能够插装于孔内，连接部和连接配合部25为插装配合，使得压臂21能够与夹体10快速活动连接，使用时，一对压臂21分设于夹体的开口方向两侧，压臂21的连接部与夹体10的连接配合部25连接、抵持部抵靠夹体10侧部（参见图3，即压臂21与及夹体10侧部接触的部位），抵持部相当于支点，利用杠杆原理，按压一对压臂21的按压部使得夹体10打开形成供断骨通过的开口11，松开一对压臂21，夹体10通过自身弹性将断骨两端包裹、夹持；其中，对按压部的按压，可通过人力实现，也可通过机械设备实现。
连接部包括对称地设置于夹体的长度方向两侧的第一连接部12，第一连接部12沿夹体的长度方向延伸，能够有效降低连接部的设置对夹体厚度的影响，使得断骨与周围组织距离更短，利于物质交换，进一步保证了断骨与周围组织之间的微循环；每个压臂21包括一对前臂23和一个后臂22，前臂23的端部设置连接配合部25、中间部位充当抵持部，一对前臂23分别弹性连接于后臂22两侧并与夹体的长度方向两侧的第一连接部12配合，后臂22充当按压部，一对前臂的设置，使得夹体10的长度方向的两端部同时受力、同步打开，确保夹体的开口11的张开程度，同时，前臂23与后臂22为弹性连接，两前臂23克服弹性作用力向外打开（即两前臂23之间的夹角扩张），使得连接配合部25与第一连接部12相对，松开两前臂23并在弹性作用下向内回收（即两前臂23之间的夹角缩小），使得夹体长度方向两侧的第一连接部12能够插装于两前臂23相应的连接配合部25。
前臂23的端部形成有向内的折弯24，能够避免夹体10外形的干涉，使得连接配合部25能够顺利的与连接部配合。
一对前臂23和后臂22铰接并且通过锁止件固定相对位置，前臂23设有前铰接孔，后臂22设有后铰接孔，锁止件为螺栓和螺母，螺栓贯穿前铰接孔、后铰接孔后通过螺母锁紧，松开锁止件，前臂23能够相对于后臂22调整方位、朝向，使得连接配合部25能够顺利的与连接部配合。
夹体10的内表面设有药物涂层或者内部填充有药物制剂，该药物涂层或药物制剂可以是缓释药物，能够实现断骨恢复期间的局部缓释给药，促进断骨愈合。
实施例二
实施例二与实施例一不同之处在于：如图8所示，打开机构包括一个连接杆22’和一对分设于连接杆长度方向两侧的压臂21’，夹体10的开口方向两侧分别设有连接部，压臂21’沿长度方向依次设有连接配合部、抵持部和按压部，连接部与连接配合部的配合使得压臂能够与夹体活动连接，一对压臂的抵接部与连接杆的两端部分别通过转轴转动连接，使用时，一对压臂分设于夹体的开口方向两侧，压臂的连接部与夹体的连接配合部连接、抵持部抵靠转轴，按压一对压臂的按压部使得夹体打开形成供断骨通过的开口。

Claims (17)

  1. 骨折内固定用的接骨夹，其特征在于：所述接骨夹包括夹体，所述夹体为弯曲的板状结构并具有弹性，所述夹体能够打开形成供断骨通过的开口，所述夹体能够在松开后通过自身弹性将断骨两端包裹、夹持、固定。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的骨折内固定用的接骨夹，其特征在于：所述夹体的内表面上设有齿。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的骨折内固定用的接骨夹，其特征在于：所述齿与所述夹体一体成型，所述齿朝向两端断骨的结合处。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的骨折内固定用的接骨夹，其特征在于：所述夹体弯曲形成的内腔在夹体打开后能够与断骨外形匹配。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的骨折内固定用的接骨夹，其特征在于：所述夹体在展开状态下的宽度与断骨周长的比值范围为2/3~1。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的骨折内固定用的接骨夹，其特征在于：所述夹体上开设有贯穿夹体内、外表面的第一穿孔。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的骨折内固定用的接骨夹，其特征在于：所述夹体上开设有贯穿夹体内、外表面的第二穿孔，所述第二穿孔供各椎骨的突起部位穿过并且避免在夹体包裹椎骨的过程中与突起部位发生干涉。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的骨折内固定用的接骨夹，其特征在于：所述接骨夹还包括打开机构，所述打开机构与所述夹体活动连接并且能够使所述夹体打开形成供断骨通过的开口。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的骨折内固定用的接骨夹，其特征在于：所述打开机构包括一对压臂，所述夹体的开口方向两侧分别设有连接部，所述压臂沿长度方向依次设有连接配合部、抵持部和按压部，所述连接部与所述连接配合部的配合使得所述压臂能够与所述夹体活动连接，使用时，一对压臂分设于所述夹体的开口方向两侧，压臂的连接部与夹体的连接配合部连接、抵持部抵靠夹体侧部，按压一对压臂的按压部使得夹体打开形成供断骨通过的开口。
  10. 根据权利要求8所述的骨折内固定用的接骨夹，其特征在于：所述打开机构包括一个连接杆和一对分设于连接杆长度方向两侧的压臂，所述夹体的开口方向两侧分别设有连接部，所述压臂沿长度方向依次设有连接配合部、抵持部和按压部，所述连接部与所述连接配合部的配合使得所述压臂能够与所述夹体活动连接，一对所述压臂的抵接部与所述连接杆的两端部分别通过转轴转动连接，使用时，一对压臂分设于所述夹体的开口方向两侧，压臂的连接部与夹体的连接配合部连接、抵持部抵靠转轴，按压一对压臂的按压部使得夹体打开形成供断骨通过的开口。
  11. 根据权利要求9或10所述的骨折内固定用的接骨夹，其特征在于：所述连接部与所述连接配合部为插装配合。
  12. 根据权利要求9或10所述的骨折内固定用的接骨夹，其特征在于：所述连接部为孔，所述连接配合部为柱体；或者，所述连接配合部为孔，所述连接部为柱体；所述柱体能够插装于孔内。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的骨折内固定用的接骨夹，其特征在于：所述连接部包括对称地设置于所述夹体的长度方向两侧的第一连接部，所述第一连接部沿所述夹体的长度方向延伸，所述压臂包括一对前臂和一个后臂，所述前臂的端部设有所述连接配合部，一对所述前臂分别弹性连接于所述后臂两侧并与所述夹体的长度方向两侧的第一连接部配合。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的骨折内固定用的接骨夹，其特征在于：一对所述前臂和所述后臂铰接并且通过锁止件固定相对位置。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的骨折内固定用的接骨夹，其特征在于：所述前臂设有前铰接孔，所述后臂设有后铰接孔，所述锁止件为螺栓和螺母，所述螺栓贯穿所述前铰接孔、所述后铰接孔后通过螺母锁紧。
  16. 根据权利要求9或10所述的骨折内固定用的接骨夹，其特征在于：所述前臂的端部形成有向内的折弯。
  17. 根据权利要求1-10、13-15中任一所述的骨折内固定用的接骨夹，其特征在于：所述夹体的内表面和/或内部设置有药物。
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