WO2020082716A1 - 一种多煤层独立含气系统控压单泵排采装置及排采方法 - Google Patents

一种多煤层独立含气系统控压单泵排采装置及排采方法 Download PDF

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WO2020082716A1
WO2020082716A1 PCT/CN2019/085482 CN2019085482W WO2020082716A1 WO 2020082716 A1 WO2020082716 A1 WO 2020082716A1 CN 2019085482 W CN2019085482 W CN 2019085482W WO 2020082716 A1 WO2020082716 A1 WO 2020082716A1
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gas
independent gas
independent
restrictor valve
annular
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PCT/CN2019/085482
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English (en)
French (fr)
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吴财芳
房孝杰
刘宁宁
蒋秀明
张莎莎
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中国矿业大学
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Priority to KR1020197033081A priority Critical patent/KR102366868B1/ko
Priority to JP2019565863A priority patent/JP6838172B2/ja
Priority to AU2019264691A priority patent/AU2019264691A1/en
Priority to ZA2020/00092A priority patent/ZA202000092B/en
Publication of WO2020082716A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020082716A1/zh

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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/12Methods or apparatus for controlling the flow of the obtained fluid to or in wells
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B33/00Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
    • E21B33/10Sealing or packing boreholes or wells in the borehole
    • E21B33/12Packers; Plugs
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B34/00Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells
    • E21B34/06Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells in wells
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B47/00Survey of boreholes or wells
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B47/00Survey of boreholes or wells
    • E21B47/06Measuring temperature or pressure

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  • the invention relates to the technical field of coal mine development, in particular to a pressure-controlled single-pump drainage and extraction device and drainage method for a multi-seam independent gas-containing system.
  • coalbed methane drainage When coalbed methane drainage is conducted in a multi-coal seam area, it is often affected by factors such as reservoir heterogeneity, reservoir pressure, liquid supply capacity, permeability, coal seam gas content and gas saturation, etc. There is interlayer interference, which leads to a decrease in gas well productivity.
  • predecessors have carried out a lot of research work on coal bed methane-related basic geology, fracturing, and drainage, but the main research target is single coal seam, and there are few studies on independent gas systems with multiple coal seams.
  • the productivity of gas wells is generally low, and the "layered pressure control, combined layer drainage" device, method and technology proposed by the predecessors can separate each coal layer vertically, but they cannot reduce the pressure of each coal layer. Can not control the gas production capacity of each coal seam, and it is difficult to optimize the drainage plan during the drainage process.
  • the present invention provides a multi-seam independent gas-bearing system pressure-controlled single-pump drainage device and drainage method, so that each independent gas-bearing system forms an independent dynamic liquid surface, according to the previous numerical simulation
  • the rate of drainage and pressure reduction of each independent gas-containing system is adjusted to reduce interlayer interference, make the pressure drop funnel expand as much as possible, and increase gas production.
  • the technical scheme adopted by the present invention is: a multi-coal independent gas-containing system pressure control single pump discharge production device, which includes an inner sleeve and an outer sleeve, the inner sleeve is sleeved inside the outer sleeve, and the outer sleeve penetrates
  • a plurality of independent gas-containing systems characterized in that: an oil pipe is provided inside the inner casing, and an oil sucker rod is provided inside the oil pipe; the bottom end of the oil sucker rod is connected to a tube pump; and the bottom of the tube pump is provided A grit tube, a screen tube is also provided above the grit tube;
  • a packer 1 and a packer 2 are provided, and the packer 1 is disposed in the corresponding inner end of each independent gas-containing system except the lowermost two independent gas-containing systems.
  • the packer 2 is arranged outside the inner casing corresponding to the bottom end of the penultimate independent gas-containing system from bottom to top;
  • the inner tube wall of the inner sleeve is also fixedly provided with a pressure gauge cable and an annular restrictor valve cable, the pressure gauge cable is connected to a pressure gauge at the bottom end, the pressure gauge is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the inner sleeve inner wall, and the annular restrictor valve The bottom end of the cable is connected to the annular restrictor valve of each independent gas-containing system.
  • the outer wall of the inner sleeve is stripped with a plurality of semi-annular openings, and an annular restrictor valve is installed outside the semi-annular opening, and the height and diameter of the annular restrictor are larger than the height and diameter of the semi-annular opening.
  • the annular restrictor valve is composed of a restrictor valve and a tractor.
  • the opening size of the annular restrictor valve is controlled by the tractor on the side of the restrictor valve.
  • the cable of the annular restrictor valve passes through the inner casing wall and is pulled ⁇ ⁇ Connected.
  • the drainage device further includes a gas flow meter for measuring the gas production of the independent gas-containing system and a centralizer for fixing the inner casing.
  • the gas flow meter is fixedly installed at the wellhead, and the centralizer is provided in the inner sleeve Between the tube and the outer tube.
  • a gas generating auxiliary channel and an inner sleeve channel are longitudinally provided in the packer, the inner sleeve channel is located in a middle part of the packer, the gas generating auxiliary channel is tangent to the inner sleeve channel, and The diameter of the auxiliary gas generation channel is smaller than that of the inner casing channel, and the inner casing passes through the inner casing channel and is fixed to the outer casing; the packer 2 is used to block the bottom-most independent gas-containing system from the adjacent gas-containing system.
  • the gas system makes each independent gas-containing system relatively independent, and the packer 2 is longitudinally provided with an inner sleeve passage through the inner sleeve.
  • the drainage device further includes a plurality of gas production auxiliary pipes, the gas production auxiliary pipe passes through the gas production auxiliary channel, and the upper end of the gas production auxiliary pipe is connected to the gas flow meter, and the lower ends are respectively independently
  • the gas systems are connected, and the gas production auxiliary pipe can also be used to observe and adjust the dynamic liquid surface of each independent gas-containing system.
  • the lower end of the gas-generating auxiliary pipe is respectively communicated with each independent gas-containing system except the topmost independent gas-containing system and the bottommost independent gas-containing system.
  • a multi-layer independent gas-bearing system coal-bed methane sub-system pressure control single pump drainage method which includes the following steps:
  • Step one According to the principle of seepage mechanics, combined with coalbed methane development experiment and numerical simulation technology, the propagation law of coal reservoir pressure is predicted as the basis for adjusting the water output of the annular restrictor valve;
  • Step 2 According to the gas distribution of the single coal seam in the target area and the distribution of reservoir pressure on the horizon, the coal seam group in the target area is divided into several independent gas-bearing systems. According to the division of the independent gas-bearing system, the lowest Packer 1 is installed on the outside of the inner casing at the bottom of each independent gas-containing system outside the two independent gas-containing systems on the side, and packer 2 is installed on the outside of the bottom inner casing from the bottom of the second independent gas-containing system from bottom to top , Connect the gas production auxiliary channel on the packer 1 with the gas production auxiliary pipe, connect the pressure gauge cable to the pressure gauge, and fix the pressure gauge at the bottom of the inner wall of the inner casing. For the pressure gauge and the pressure gauge and the pressure gauge Seal the cable connection section;
  • Step 3 According to the results of the independent gas-bearing system and the reservoir characteristics of each gas-bearing system, combined with the previous numerical simulation results, a semi-annular opening is opened at the corresponding liquid column height when each gas-bearing system reaches the maximum gas production capacity, and reserved In the force section, install an annular restrictor valve on the outside of the semi-annular port, connect the annular restrictor valve cable through the inner casing pipe wall to the annular restrictor valve tractor, and connect the annular restrictor valve and the annular restrictor valve cable Seal the segment;
  • Step 4 Run the inner sleeve, packer one, packer two, gas production auxiliary pipe, pressure gauge cable, and ring restrictor valve cable fixed with the annular restrictor valve and the pressure gauge to the design depth, and set Packer one and packer two, so that an independent space corresponding to each independent gas-containing system is formed between the inner and outer casings;
  • Step 5 Install the wellhead and start pumping.
  • the pumping process according to the reservoir characteristics of each independent gas-bearing system and the previous simulation results, formulate the water flow plan of the annular restrictor valve, adjust the opening size of each annular restrictor valve, and control The amount of water flowing into the pump port of each gas-containing system, real-time monitoring of the pressure gauge reading and gas flow meter reading, to ensure that the pressure count value decreases steadily, reduce the damage to the reservoir, and make the pressure drop funnel expand as much as possible.
  • the reading is compared with the previous simulation results, and inversion is performed as a basis for adjusting the flow rate of the annular restrictor valve;
  • Step 6 In the late stage of drainage and drainage, the coal bed fluid production volume is reduced, the number of strokes is reduced, and the speed of the dynamic liquid level is reduced. When each independent gas-containing system reaches its maximum gas production capacity, the dynamic liquid level drops to the top boundary of the semi-annular opening To ensure that the coal seam is not exposed.
  • the coal seam group is divided into different gas-containing systems, and each independent gas-containing system is separated by a packer, so that the different gas-containing systems are isolated in different pressure systems
  • a semi-annular port is opened corresponding to the specific position of each independent gas-containing system, and an annular restrictor valve is installed.
  • the valve switch can be adjusted to control the amount of water flowing into the inner casing pump port, which can promote the pressure drop of each independent gas-containing system.
  • the expansion of the funnel allows the capacity of each independent gas-containing system to be released
  • the gas production auxiliary pipe can separate the gas produced by each independent gas-containing system, and a gas flow meter can be installed on the top of the gas production auxiliary pipe to monitor the gas production of each independent gas-containing system. The results are compared with the actual gas production and inversely used to correct the flow of the annular restrictor valve so that the pressure drop funnel of each independent gas-containing system continues to expand steadily.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a pressure-controlled single-pump drainage and extraction device of a multi-seam independent gas-containing system of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a ring-shaped restrictor valve in the present invention
  • Fig. 3 (a) is a cross-sectional view of packer one, and (b) is a cross-sectional view of packer two.
  • 1-pressure gauge cable 2-circular restrictor valve cable, 3-gas flow meter, 4-centralizer, 5-sucker rod, 6-oil pipe, 7-outer casing, 8-inner casing, 9- Annular restrictor valve, 10-gas auxiliary tube, 11-packer one, 12-packer two, 13-tube pump, 14-screen tube, 15-grit tube, 16-pressure gauge, 17- Restriction valve, 18-tractor, 19-gas production auxiliary channel, 20-inner casing channel.
  • a multi-seam independent gas-containing system pressure control single pump drainage and extraction device includes an inner sleeve 8 and an outer sleeve 7.
  • the inner sleeve 8 is sleeved inside the outer sleeve 7.
  • the outer sleeve 7 penetrates a plurality of independent gas-containing systems.
  • the inner sleeve 8 is provided with an oil pipe 6 inside, and an oil sucker rod 5 is provided inside the oil pipe 6.
  • the bottom end of the oil sucker rod 5 is connected to the tube pump 13.
  • a grit tube 15 is provided at the bottom of the tube pump 13, and a screen tube 14 is also provided above the grit tube 15;
  • a packer 11 and a packer 12 are provided between the inner sleeve 8 and the outer sleeve 7, a packer 11 and a packer 12 are provided.
  • the packer 11 is provided in each independent gas-containing system except for the two lowest gas-containing systems at the bottom.
  • the outer side of the inner sleeve 8 corresponding to the bottom end, the packer two 12 is disposed outside the inner sleeve 8 corresponding to the bottom end of the penultimate independent gas-containing system from bottom to top;
  • the inner tube wall of the inner sleeve 8 is also fixedly provided with a pressure gauge cable 1 and a ring-shaped restrictor valve cable 2, the pressure gauge cable 1 is connected to a pressure gauge 16 at the bottom end, and the pressure gauge 16 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the inner wall of the inner casing 8 End, the bottom end of the annular restrictor valve cable 2 is connected to the annular restrictor valve 9 of each independent gas-containing system.
  • the outer wall of the inner sleeve 8 is peeled off a number of semi-annular openings, and an annular restricting valve 9 is installed outside the semi-annular opening.
  • the height and diameter of the annular restricting valve 9 are larger than the semi-annular opening.
  • the annular restrictor valve 9 is composed of a restrictor valve 17 and a tractor 18, the opening size of the annular restrictor valve 9 is controlled by the tractor 18 on the side of the restrictor valve 17, the annular restrictor valve cable 2 Connect to the retractor 18 through the inner sleeve 8 wall.
  • the drainage device further includes a gas flow meter 3 for measuring the gas production of the independent gas-containing system and a centralizer 4 for fixing the inner casing.
  • the gas flow meter 3 is fixedly installed at the wellhead.
  • the centralizer 4 is provided between the inner casing 8 and the outer casing 7, the gas flow meter 3 is a screw-in vortex flowmeter, and the centralizer 4 is an elastic limit centralizer.
  • the packer-11 is longitudinally provided with a gas production auxiliary channel 19 and an inner casing channel 20, the inner casing channel 20 is located in the middle of the packer-11, and the gas production auxiliary channel 19 It is tangent to the inner casing channel 20, and the gas production auxiliary passage 19 has a smaller diameter than the inner casing channel 20.
  • the inner casing 8 passes through the inner casing channel 20 and is fixed to the outer casing 7; the packer two 12 It is used to block the bottom-most independent gas-containing system and the adjacent independent gas-containing system above, so that each independent gas-containing system is relatively independent, and the packer two 12 is longitudinally provided with an inner casing passage through the inner casing 8 20.
  • the drainage device further includes a plurality of gas production auxiliary pipes 10, the gas production auxiliary pipes 10 pass through the gas production auxiliary passage 19, and the upper end of the gas production auxiliary pipe 10 is connected to the gas flow meter 3
  • the lower end communicates with its corresponding independent gas-containing system, and the gas production auxiliary pipe 10 can also be used to observe and adjust the dynamic liquid surface of each independent gas-containing system.
  • Step one According to the principle of seepage mechanics, combined with coalbed methane development experiment and numerical simulation technology, the propagation law of coal reservoir pressure is predicted as the basis for adjusting the water output of the annular restrictor valve;
  • Step 2 According to the gas distribution of the single coal seam in the target area and the distribution of reservoir pressure in the horizon, the coal seam group in the target area is divided into three independent gas-bearing systems.
  • the first independent Packer 1 is installed on the outside of the inner casing at the bottom of the gas-containing system
  • packer 2 is installed on the outside of the inner casing at the bottom of the second independent gas-containing system.
  • Connect the auxiliary pipe connect the pressure gauge cable to the pressure gauge, and fix the pressure gauge at the bottom of the inner wall of the inner casing, and seal the pressure gauge and the connecting section of the pressure gauge and the pressure gauge cable;
  • Step 3 According to the division results of the independent gas-bearing system and the reservoir characteristics of each gas-bearing system, combined with the previous numerical simulation results, a semi-annular opening is opened at the corresponding liquid column height when each independent gas-bearing system reaches the maximum gas production capacity, and the In the force-retaining section, install an annular restrictor valve on the outside of the semi-annular port, install a total of two annular restrictor valves, connect the annular restrictor valve cable through the inner casing pipe wall and connect to the annular restrictor valve tractor, and The cable connection section of the restrictor valve and the annular restrictor valve are sealed;
  • Step 4 Run the inner sleeve, packer, and gas production auxiliary pipe fixed with the annular restrictor valve and the pressure gauge into the design depth, and set the packer to form an independent gas containing between the inner and outer sleeves Independent space of the system;
  • Step 5 Install the wellhead and start pumping.
  • the pumping process based on the characteristics of the three independent gas-bearing systems and the preliminary simulation results, formulate the water output plan of the annular restrictor valve and adjust the opening size of each annular restrictor valve.
  • Control the amount of water flowing into the pump port of each independent gas-containing system monitor the pressure gauge and gas flow meter readings in real time, ensure that the pressure count value decreases steadily, reduce the damage to the reservoir, and expand the pressure drop funnel as much as possible
  • the meter reading is compared with the previous simulation results, and inversion is performed as a basis for adjusting the flow rate of the annular restrictor valve;
  • Step 6 In the late stage of drainage and drainage, the coal bed fluid production volume is reduced, the number of strokes is reduced, and the speed of the dynamic liquid level is reduced. When each independent gas-containing system reaches its maximum gas production capacity, the dynamic liquid level drops to the top boundary of the semi-annular opening To ensure that the coal seam is not exposed.

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Abstract

一种多煤层独立含气系统控压单泵排采装置,包括内套管(8)和外套管(7),内套管内部设置有油管(6),油管内部设置有抽油杆(5),抽油杆的底端连接管式泵(13),管式泵底部设有沉砂管(15),沉砂管上方还设有筛管(14);内套管与外套管之间设有封隔器一(11)和封隔器二(12);内套管内侧管壁还固定设有压力计电缆(1)和环形限流阀电缆(2),压力计电缆底端连接压力计(16),压力计固定安装在内套管内壁底端,环形限流阀电缆底端连接各独立含气系统的环形限流阀(9)。还公开了一种多煤层独立含气系统控压单泵排采方法。该装置及方法中采用环形限流阀,控制流入内套管泵口的水量;产气辅助管(10)可以将各独立含气系统产出的气体分隔开,在产气辅助管顶端安装气体流量计(3),可对各含气系统产气量进行监测。

Description

一种多煤层独立含气系统控压单泵排采装置及排采方法 技术领域
本发明涉及煤矿开发技术领域,特别是涉及一种多煤层独立含气系统控压单泵排采装置及排采方法。
背景技术
在多煤层区进行煤层气排采时,受储层非均质性、储层压力、供液能力、渗透率、煤层含气量及含气饱和度等因素的影响,不同含气系统之间往往存在层间干扰现象,导致气井产能降低。尽管前人在煤层气相关基础地质和压裂、排采方面已开展了大量的研究工作,但主要以单煤层为研究对象,针对多煤层独立含气系统的研究较少,现阶段多煤层地区气井产能普遍较低,而前人提出的“分层控压、合层排采”装置、方法与技术,虽然可以将各煤层在垂向上上分隔开,但却无法对各煤层排水降压的速度进行控制,也无法对各煤层的产气能力进行监测,难以实现在排采过程中对排采计划进行优化。
发明内容
为了克服上述现有技术的不足,本发明提供了一种多煤层独立含气系统控压单泵排采装置及排采方法,使各独立含气系统形成独立的动液面,依据前期数值模拟的结果,调节各独立含气系统排水降压的速率,减小层间干扰,使压降漏斗尽可能扩展,提高产气量。
本发明所采用的技术方案是:一种多煤层独立含气系统控压单泵排采装置,包括内套管和外套管,所述内套管套设在外套管内部,所述外套管贯穿多个独立含气系统,其特征在于:所述内套管内部设置有油管,油管内部设置有抽油杆,所述抽油杆的底端连接管式泵,所述管式泵底部设有沉砂管,所述沉砂管上方还设有筛管;
所述内套管与外套管之间设有封隔器一和封隔器二,所述封隔器一设置在除最下侧两独立含气系统外各独立含气系统底端对应的内套管外侧,所述封隔器二设置在自下而上倒 数第二个独立含气系统底端对应的内套管外侧;
所述内套管内管壁还固定设有压力计电缆和环形限流阀电缆,所述压力计电缆底端连接压力计,压力计固定安装在内套管内壁底端,所述环形限流阀电缆底端连接各独立含气系统的环形限流阀。
进一步地,所述内套管外壁环剥若干半环形开口,并且在半环形开口外侧加装环形限流阀,所述环形限流阀的高度和直径均大于半环形开口的高度和直径。
进一步地,所述环形限流阀由限流阀和牵引器组成,环形限流阀的开口大小由限流阀一侧的牵引器牵引控制,环形限流阀电缆穿过内套管壁与牵引器相连接。
进一步地,所述排采装置还包括测量独立含气系统产气量的气体流量计和用以固定内套管的扶正器,所述气体流量计固定安装在井口,所述扶正器设置在内套管与外套管之间。
进一步地,所述封隔器一纵向设置有产气辅助通道和内套管通道,所述内套管通道位于封隔器一中部,所述产气辅助通道与内套管通道相切,并且产气辅助通道直径小于内套管通道,所述内套管穿过内套管通道与外套管相固定;所述封隔器二用于阻隔最底端独立含气系统与其上相邻的含气系统,使各独立含气系统相对独立,并且封隔器二纵向设置有用以穿过内套管的内套管通道。
进一步地,所述排采装置还包括若干产气辅助管,所述产气辅助管穿过产气辅助通道,并且产气辅助管的上端与气体流量计相连接,下端分别与其对应的独立含气系统相通,所述产气辅助管还可以用于观察调节各独立含气系统的动液面。
进一步地,所述产气辅助管下端分别与除最顶端独立含气系统和最底端独立含气系统外的各独立含气系统相通。
一种多层独立含气系统煤层气分系统控压单泵排采方法,包含以下步骤:
步骤一:依据渗流力学原理,并结合煤层气开发实验和数值模拟技术,对煤储层压力的传播规律进行预测,作为调节环形限流阀出水量的依据;
步骤二:根据目标区单一煤层含气性和储层压力在层位上的分布规律,将目标区煤层 群分为几个独立含气系统,依据对独立含气系统的划分,在除最下侧两独立含气系统外各独立含气系统底端内套管的外侧安装封隔器一,在自下而上倒数第二个独立含气系统底端内套管的外侧安装封隔器二,将封隔器一上的产气辅助通道与产气辅助管相连,将压力计电缆与压力计相连,并将压力计固定在内套管内壁的底部,对压力计以及压力计与压力计电缆连接段进行密封处理;
步骤三:依据独立含气系统划分结果及各含气系统储层特征,结合前期数值模拟结果,在各含气系统达到最大产气能力时对应的液柱高度处开半环形口,并预留受力段,在半环形口外侧安装环形限流阀,将环形限流阀电缆穿过内套管管壁与环形限流阀牵引器相连,并对环形限流阀以及环形限流阀电缆连接段进行密封处理;
步骤四:将固定有环形限流阀和压力计的内套管、封隔器一、封隔器二、产气辅助管、压力计电缆、环形限流阀电缆下入到设计深度,坐封封隔器一和封隔器二,使内外套管之间形成对应于各独立含气系统的独立空间;
步骤五:安装井口,开始抽采,在抽采过程中,依据各独立含气系统储层特征和前期模拟结果,制定环形限流阀出水量计划,调整各环形限流阀的开口大小,控制各含气系统流入泵口处的水量,实时监测压力计读数和气体流量计读数,保证压力计数值平稳下降,减小对储层的伤害,并使压降漏斗尽可能扩展,将气体流量计读数与前期模拟结果进行对比,并进行反演,作为调整环形限流阀流量的依据;
步骤六:排采后期,煤层产液量降低,减小冲次,降低动液面下降速度,当各独立含气系统达到其最大产气能力后,动液面降到半环形开口的顶界,保证煤层不暴露。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果是:
(1)根据煤储层特性的差异,将煤层群分为不同的含气系统,并将各独立含气系统用封隔器分隔开,使不同的含气系统封隔在不同的压力系统中,在内套管对应各独立含气系统的特定位置开半环形口,并安装环形限流阀,调节阀门开关可以控制流入内套管泵口的水量,可以促进各独立含气系统压降漏斗的扩展,使各独立含气系统产能得到释放
(2)产气辅助管可以将各独立含气系统产出的气体分隔开,在产气辅助管顶端安装 气体流量计,可对各独立含气系统产气量进行监测,用前期数值模拟的结果与实际产气量进行对比,并进行反演,用于修正环形限流阀流量,以使各独立含气系统压降漏斗持续、稳定扩展。
附图说明
图1为本发明多煤层独立含气系统控压单泵排采装置的结构示意图;
图2为本发明中环形限流阀结构示意图;
图3中图(a)是封隔器一的剖面图,图(b)是封隔器二的剖面图。
其中:1-压力计电缆,2-环形限流阀电缆,3-气体流量计,4-扶正器,5-抽油杆,6-油管,7-外套管,8-内套管,9-环形限流阀,10-产气辅助管,11-封隔器一,12-封隔器二,13-管式泵,14-筛管,15-沉砂管,16-压力计,17-限流阀,18-牵引器,19-产气辅助通道,20-内套管通道。
具体实施方式
为了加深对本发明的理解,下面结合附图和实施例对本发明进一步说明,该实施例仅用于解释本发明,并不对本发明的保护范围构成限定。
如图1和图2所示,一种多煤层独立含气系统控压单泵排采装置,包括内套管8和外套管7,所述内套管8套设在外套管7内部,所述外套管7贯穿多个独立含气系统,所述内套管8内部设置有油管6,油管6内部设置有抽油杆5,所述抽油杆5的底端连接管式泵13,所述管式泵13底部设有沉砂管15,所述沉砂管15上方还设有筛管14;
所述内套管8与外套管7之间设有封隔器一11和封隔器二12,所述封隔器一11设置在除最下侧两独立含气系统外各独立含气系统底端对应的内套管8外侧,所述封隔器二12设置在自下而上倒数第二个独立含气系统底端对应的内套管8外侧;
所述内套管8内管壁还固定设有压力计电缆1和环形限流阀电缆2,所述压力计电缆1底端连接压力计16,压力计16固定安装在内套管8内壁底端,所述环形限流阀电缆2底端连接各独立含气系统的环形限流阀9。
在上述实施例中,所述内套管8外壁环剥若干半环形开口,并且在半环形开口 外侧加装环形限流阀9,所述环形限流阀9的高度和直径均大于半环形开口的高度和直径;所述环形限流阀9由限流阀17和牵引器18组成,环形限流阀9的开口大小由限流阀17一侧的牵引器18牵引控制,环形限流阀电缆2穿过内套管8壁与牵引器18相连接。
在上述实施例中,所述排采装置还包括测量独立含气系统产气量的气体流量计3和用以固定内套管的扶正器4,所述气体流量计3固定安装在井口,所述扶正器4设置在内套管8与外套管7之间,气体流量计3为旋进漩涡流量计,扶正器4为弹性限位扶正器。
如图3所示,所述封隔器一11纵向设置有产气辅助通道19和内套管通道20,所述内套管通道20位于封隔器一11中部,所述产气辅助通道19与内套管通道20相切,并且产气辅助通道19直径小于内套管通道20,所述内套管8穿过内套管通道20与外套管7相固定;所述封隔器二12用于阻隔最底端独立含气系统与其上相邻的独立含气系统,使各独立含气系统相对独立,并且封隔器二12纵向设置有用以穿过内套管8的内套管通道20。
在上述实施例中,所述排采装置还包括若干产气辅助管10,所述产气辅助管10穿过产气辅助通道19,并且产气辅助管10的上端与气体流量计3相连接,下端分别与其对应的独立含气系统相通,所述产气辅助管10还可以用于观察调节各独立含气系统的动液面。
此处以三个独立含气系统煤层气分系统控压单泵排采为例,实施步骤如下:
步骤一:依据渗流力学原理,并结合煤层气开发实验和数值模拟技术,对煤储层压力的传播规律进行预测,作为调节环形限流阀出水量的依据;
步骤二:根据目标区单一煤层含气性和储层压力在层位上的分布规律,将目标区煤层群分为三个独立含气系统,依据对独立含气系统的划分,在第一独立含气系统底端内套管的外侧安装封隔器一,在第二独立含气系统底端内套管的外侧安装封隔器二,将封隔器一上的产气辅助通道与产气辅助管相连,将压力计电缆与压力计相连,并将压力计固定在内套管内壁的底部,对压力计以及压力计与压力计电缆连接段进行密封处理;
步骤三:依据独立含气系统划分结果及各含气系统储层特征,结合前期数值模拟结果,在各独立含气系统达到最大产气能力时对应的液柱高度处开半环形口,并预留受力段,在半环形口外侧安装环形限流阀,共安装两个环形限流阀,将环形限流阀电缆穿过内套管管壁与环形限流阀牵引器相连,并对环形限流阀以及环形限流阀电缆连接段进行密封处理;
步骤四:将固定有环形限流阀和压力计的内套管、封隔器、产气辅助管下入设计深度,坐封封隔器,使内外套管之间形成对应于各独立含气系统的独立空间;
步骤五:安装井口,开始抽采,在抽采过程中,依据三个独立含气系统储层特征和前期模拟结果,制定环形限流阀出水量计划,调整各环形限流阀的开口大小,控制各独立含气系统流入泵口处的水量,实时监测压力计和气体流量计读数,保证压力计数值平稳下降,减小对储层的伤害,并使压降漏斗尽可能扩展,将气体流量计读数与前期模拟结果进行对比,并进行反演,作为调整环形限流阀流量的依据;
步骤六:排采后期,煤层产液量降低,减小冲次,降低动液面下降速度,当各独立含气系统达到其最大产气能力后,动液面降到半环形开口的顶界,保证煤层不暴露。
本发明的实施例公布的是较佳的实施例,但并不局限于此,本领域的普通技术人员,极易根据上述实施例,领会本发明的精神,并做出不同的引申和变化,但只要不脱离本发明的精神,都在本发明的保护范围内。

Claims (8)

  1. 一种多煤层独立含气系统控压单泵排采装置,包括内套管(8)和外套管(7),所述内套管(8)套设在外套管(7)内部,所述外套管(7)贯穿多个独立含气系统,其特征在于:所述内套管(8)内部设置有油管(6),油管(6)内部设置有抽油杆(5),所述抽油杆(5)的底端连接管式泵(13),所述管式泵(13)底部设有沉砂管(15),所述沉砂管(15)上方还设有筛管(14);
    所述内套管(8)与外套管(7)之间设有封隔器一(11)和封隔器二(12),所述封隔器一(11)设置在除最下侧两独立含气系统外各独立含气系统底端对应的内套管(8)外侧,所述封隔器二(12)设置在自下而上倒数第二个独立含气系统底端对应的内套管(8)外侧;
    所述内套管(8)内管壁还固定设有压力计电缆(1)和环形限流阀电缆(2),所述压力计电缆(1)底端连接压力计(16),压力计(16)固定安装在内套管(8)内壁底端,所述环形限流阀电缆(2)底端连接各独立含气系统的环形限流阀(9)。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的多煤层独立含气系统控压单泵排采装置,其特征在于:所述内套管(8)外壁环剥若干半环形开口,并且在半环形开口外侧加装环形限流阀(9),所述环形限流阀(9)的高度和直径均大于半环形开口的高度和直径。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的多煤层独立含气系统控压单泵排采装置,其特征在于:所述环形限流阀(9)由限流阀(17)和牵引器(18)组成,环形限流阀(9)的开口大小由限流阀(17)一侧的牵引器(18)牵引控制,环形限流阀电缆(2)穿过内套管(8)壁与牵引器(18)相连接。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的多煤层独立含气系统控压单泵排采装置,其特征在于:所述排采装置还包括测量独立含气系统产气量的气体流量计(3)和用以固定内套管的扶正器(4),所述气体流量计(3)固定安装在井口,所述扶正器(4)设置在内套管(8)与外套管(7)之间。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的多煤层独立含气系统控压单泵排采装置,其特征在于:所述封隔器一(11)纵向设置有产气辅助通道(19)和内套管通道(20),所述内套管通道(20) 位于封隔器一(11)中部,所述产气辅助通道(19)与内套管通道(20)相切,并且产气辅助通道(19)直径小于内套管通道(20),所述内套管(8)穿过内套管通道(20)与外套管(7)相固定;所述封隔器二(12)用于阻隔最底端独立含气系统与其上相邻的独立含气系统,使各独立含气系统相对独立,并且封隔器二(12)纵向设置有用以穿过内套管(8)的内套管通道(20)。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的多煤层独立含气系统控压单泵排采装置,其特征在于:所述排采装置还包括若干产气辅助管(10),所述产气辅助管(10)穿过产气辅助通道(19),并且产气辅助管(10)的上端与气体流量计(3)相连接,下端分别与其对应的独立含气系统相通,所述产气辅助管(10)还可以用于观察调节各独立含气系统的动液面。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的多煤层独立含气系统控压单泵排采装置,其特征在于:所述产气辅助管(10)下端分别与除最顶端独立含气系统和最底端独立含气系统外的各独立含气系统相通。
  8. 一种多层独立含气系统煤层气分系统控压单泵排采方法,其特征在于,包含以下步骤:
    步骤一:依据渗流力学原理,并结合煤层气开发实验和数值模拟技术,对煤储层压力的传播规律进行预测,作为调节环形限流阀出水量的依据;
    步骤二:根据目标区单一煤层含气性和储层压力在层位上的分布规律,将目标区煤层群分为几个独立含气系统,依据对独立含气系统的划分,在除最下侧两独立含气系统外各独立含气系统底端内套管的外侧安装封隔器一,在自下而上倒数第二个独立含气系统底端内套管的外侧安装封隔器二,将封隔器一上的产气辅助通道与产气辅助管相连,将压力计电缆与压力计相连,并将压力计固定在内套管内壁的底部,对压力计以及压力计与压力计电缆连接段进行密封处理;
    步骤三:依据独立含气系统划分结果及各含气系统储层特征,结合前期数值模拟结果,在各含气系统达到最大产气能力时对应的液柱高度处开半环形口,并预留受力段,在半环形口外侧安装环形限流阀,将环形限流阀电缆穿过内套管管壁与环形限流阀牵引器相连, 并对环形限流阀以及环形限流阀电缆连接段进行密封处理;
    步骤四:将固定有环形限流阀和压力计的内套管、封隔器一、封隔器二、产气辅助管、压力计电缆、环形限流阀电缆下入到设计深度,坐封封隔器一和封隔器二,使内外套管之间形成对应于各独立含气系统的独立空间;
    步骤五:安装井口,开始抽采,在抽采过程中,依据各独立含气系统储层特征和前期模拟结果,制定环形限流阀出水量计划,调整各环形限流阀的开口大小,控制各含气系统流入泵口处的水量,实时监测压力计读数和气体流量计读数,保证压力计数值平稳下降,减小对储层的伤害,并使压降漏斗尽可能扩展,将气体流量计读数与前期模拟结果进行对比,并进行反演,作为调整环形限流阀流量的依据;
    步骤六:排采后期,煤层产液量降低,减小冲次,降低动液面下降速度,当各独立含气系统达到其最大产气能力后,动液面降到半环形开口的顶界,保证煤层不暴露。
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