WO2020073848A1 - 断路器 - Google Patents

断路器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020073848A1
WO2020073848A1 PCT/CN2019/108970 CN2019108970W WO2020073848A1 WO 2020073848 A1 WO2020073848 A1 WO 2020073848A1 CN 2019108970 W CN2019108970 W CN 2019108970W WO 2020073848 A1 WO2020073848 A1 WO 2020073848A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
connecting plate
insulating
guide
rod
active
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2019/108970
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
史俊
崔明硕
孙会峰
陈杳伟
杨龙
Original Assignee
西安西电开关电气有限公司
中国西电电气股份有限公司
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Publication date
Application filed by 西安西电开关电气有限公司, 中国西电电气股份有限公司 filed Critical 西安西电开关电气有限公司
Publication of WO2020073848A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020073848A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/88—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts
    • H01H33/90—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism
    • H01H33/91—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism the arc-extinguishing fluid being air or gas

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of switchgears, in particular to a circuit breaker.
  • the insulating rod of the circuit breaker is located in the dynamic side support structure of the circuit breaker.
  • the main function of the insulating rod is to transmit the power of the mechanism to the arc extinguishing chamber, and at the same time to isolate the electrical energy of the arc extinguishing chamber from the enclosure to prevent the danger of short circuit failure.
  • the opening and closing action of the circuit breaker is provided by an external mechanism, the power of the mechanism is powered by 220v voltage, and the arc extinguishing chamber of the circuit breaker withstands a higher voltage. Therefore, the power provided by the mechanism is transmitted to the arc extinguishing chamber of the circuit breaker by the insulating rod.
  • the insulating rod must have high strength to withstand the high-speed movement of the arc extinguishing chamber.
  • the insulating rod must have the function of insulation isolation to prevent the high voltage that the arc extinguishing chamber bears from being transmitted outside the circuit breaker.
  • the insulating tie rod includes an insulating segment and metal segments disposed at both ends of the insulating segment.
  • the fracture transmission device of the double-acting switch device in the circuit breaker is used to complete the connection of two moving parts with different potentials at the arc extinguishing unit.
  • the driving part of the fracture transmission device provides power, and the driven part is driven by the fracture transmission device to perform corresponding movement.
  • the spout is usually used as a connecting piece in the fracture transmission device, and the spout is connected to the transmission devices on both sides.
  • the high-temperature gas in the arc extinguishing chamber easily flows to the insulating section of the insulating rod in the internal cavity.
  • the working environment of the insulating rod is in the chaotic area of hot air flow, which is easy to make the insulation fail and cause short-circuit failure.
  • the mechanical properties of the spout material are poor, so the spout is used as the connection piece of the double-acting switch equipment interrupting port transmission device, and its mechanical reliability is low, resulting in a shortened service life of the circuit breaker.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a circuit breaker whose service life is extended.
  • the present invention provides a circuit breaker, including a spout, a first connector on the active side, a second connector on the active side, an insulating connector, an arc-extinguishing chamber mounting bracket, an insulating rod, and the arc-extinguishing chamber
  • a protective plate installed on the bracket and used for isolating the insulating section of the insulating tie rod from the inner cavity of the arc extinguishing chamber, and the two ends of the insulating connector are respectively connected to the first connector on the active side and the second connector on the active side
  • the insulating connector is provided with a through-hole-shaped cavity for the installation of the nozzle, the nozzle and the insulating connector pass through the active-side first connector and the active-side second connector
  • a limit coaxial fixation is performed, and the end of the protective plate slidingly fits with the side wall of the insulating rod.
  • the driven side connector and the contact transmission device for transmitting the power of the active side second connector to the driven side connector;
  • the contact transmission device includes a connecting rod, a connecting plate and a connecting plate transmission assembly, the connecting rod is connected to the active side second connecting member, and the connecting plate transmission assembly includes a first connecting plate and the first A second connecting plate hinged on the connecting plate, an end of the first connecting plate away from the second connecting plate is hinged with the connecting rod through a first rotating pin, and the second connecting plate is away from the first connecting plate
  • One end of the plate is hinged with the driven side connecting member through a second rotating pin
  • the connecting plate is provided with a first guide hole for moving the first rotating pin and a second guide hole for moving the second rotating pin .
  • the connecting plate transmission assembly further includes a limit guide, the limit guide is fixedly connected to the connecting plate, and the first connecting plate is provided with a motion capable of cooperating with the limit guide A guide chute, the limit guide is located between the hinge point of the first and second connecting plates and the first rotating pin, and the connecting plate is provided with a connecting piece for accommodating the driven side
  • the fourth guide hole, the fourth guide hole, the first guide hole, the second guide hole and the third guide hole are arranged in parallel.
  • connecting plate transmission assemblies there are two connecting plate transmission assemblies, two of the connecting plate transmission assemblies are arranged on opposite sides of the connecting plate, the connecting rods are two, and the two connecting rods are respectively connected to two The first connecting board corresponds.
  • the angle between the first connecting plate and the first guide hole is a;
  • the angle a changes during rotation, and the first rotation pin reaches the maximum transmission ratio at point X, where point X is the distance the first rotation pin moves in the first guide hole
  • the position where the distance of the limit guide is the shortest, the formula of the transmission ratio is the formula of the transmission ratio: Where n is the variable ratio, L is the length of the first connecting plate, and S is the distance from the limit guide to point X.
  • the contact transmission device includes:
  • a gear set the gear set includes a first gear and a second gear coaxially fixedly connected, and the first gear and the second gear have different numbers of teeth;
  • a guide plate, both the first gear and the second gear are mounted on the guide plate;
  • a first rack, the tie rod guide pin is mounted on the first rack, and the first rack meshes with the first gear;
  • a draw bar the draw bar is provided with a curved groove capable of driving the first rack relative to the draw bar, and the draw bar guide pin can slide along the curved groove;
  • the tie rod is connected to the driving-side second connector, the second rack is connected to the driven-side connector, and the number of teeth of the first gear is smaller than that of the second gear);
  • the tie rod guide pin When in the closing position, the tie rod guide pin is located on the end of the curved groove away from the gear set;
  • the tie rod guide pin When it is in the opening position, the tie rod guide pin is located at the end of the curved groove close to the gear set.
  • it further includes an expansion chamber device, which includes a piston, a piston rod, and an expansion chamber.
  • the expansion chamber is installed outside the piston rod, and the piston rod is provided with a device capable of communicating with the expansion chamber.
  • the first check valve when the air pressure of the inner cavity of the piston rod is greater than the air pressure of the expansion chamber, the first check valve opens;
  • the piston rod is provided with a pressure relief hole.
  • the pressure relief hole When the piston rod is in a closed state, the pressure relief hole is in a closed state; when the piston rod is in an open state, the pressure relief hole is in an open state; when When the pressure relief hole is in an open state, the first check valve is in a closed state.
  • the two pressure relief holes are arranged oppositely on opposite sides of the piston rod.
  • the pressure relief hole and the piston The inner surface of the seal fits tightly; when the piston rod is in the open state, the pressure relief hole is located outside the piston.
  • the insulating support cylinder includes an intermediate insulating support cylinder, and movable-side metal support inserts and static-side metals disposed at both ends of the intermediate insulating support cylinder A supporting insert, the static main contact is fixedly connected to the static side metal supporting insert, the moving main contact is electrically connected to the moving side metal supporting insert, and the moving main contact is connected to all The movable metal support insert sliding connection is described.
  • the circuit breaker provided by the present invention includes a spout, a first connector on the active side, a second connector on the active side, an insulating connector, an arc-extinguishing chamber mounting bracket, an insulating rod, and the arc-extinguishing chamber mounting bracket , And a protective plate for isolating the insulating section of the insulating tie rod from the interior of the arc extinguishing chamber, the two ends of the insulating connecting piece are respectively connected to the first connecting piece on the active side and the second connecting piece on the active side.
  • the spout and the insulating connector are coaxially fixed in a position-limiting manner by the first connector on the active side and the second connector on the active side, and the end of the protective plate slidingly fits the side wall of the insulating rod.
  • the nozzle is installed in the through-hole-shaped cavity, and the insulating connector is connected to the nozzle through the first connector on the active side and the second connector on the active side.
  • the nozzle By setting a fracture transmission device on the outside of the nozzle, the nozzle is installed in the through-hole cavity, the first connection member on the active side and the second connection member on the active side are connected to the driving device and the driven device on the driven side, respectively Connection, the first connection piece on the active side and the second connection piece on the active side are connected by an insulating connection piece, the nozzle no longer bears the transmission force during the movement, avoiding the situation that the nozzle bears a large bearing force and is easily damaged. Therefore, the circuit provided in this application is broken The service life of the device is extended.
  • FIG. 1 is a partial structural schematic diagram of a circuit breaker provided in an embodiment of the present invention in a closed state
  • FIG. 2 is a partial structural schematic diagram of a circuit breaker in an open state provided by an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an insulating tie rod provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram of the installation position of the protective plate provided by the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a protective plate provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a fracture transmission position of a circuit breaker provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram of an installation position of an insulating connector provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a first connector on an active side provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a second connector on an active side according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a contact transmission device of a circuit breaker provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a diagram of the installation position of the contact transmission device shown in FIG. 10;
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic structural view of the contact transmission device shown in FIG. 10;
  • connection board 13 is a schematic structural diagram of a connection board provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 14 is a side view of the connecting plate shown in FIG. 13;
  • connection board 15 is a schematic structural diagram of another connection board provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 16 is a side view of the connecting plate shown in Figure 15;
  • FIG. 17 is a schematic structural diagram of a connecting rod provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 18 is a schematic structural diagram of a driven-side connector provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 19 is a schematic structural diagram of a first connecting plate provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 20 is a schematic structural diagram of a second connecting plate provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 21 is a schematic structural diagram of an active-side component in a circuit breaker provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 22 is a schematic structural view of a first rotation pin provided at an X point according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 23 is a stroke curve diagram of an active side connector and a driven side connector provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 24 is a schematic structural diagram of another contact transmission device provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 25 is an enlarged view of part A of the contact transmission device shown in FIG. 24;
  • 26 is a partial installation position diagram of the circuit breaker shown in FIG. 24;
  • FIG. 27 is a schematic structural diagram of the circuit breaker shown in FIG. 24 when the circuit breaker shown in FIG. 24 is closed;
  • FIG. 28 is a schematic structural diagram of the circuit breaker shown in FIG. 24 when it is opened according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • 29 is a stroke diagram of a first active component and a driven component provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 30 is a stroke diagram of a second active component and a driven component provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 31 is a stroke diagram of a third active component and a driven component provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 32 is a stroke diagram of a fourth active component and a driven component provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 33 is a stroke diagram of a fifth active component and a driven component provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 34 is a stroke diagram of a sixth active component and a driven component provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 35 is a schematic structural diagram of an expansion chamber device provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 36 is a schematic structural diagram of a piston rod provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 37 is a schematic structural diagram of a piston rod of an expansion chamber device according to an embodiment of the present invention in a closed state
  • FIG. 38 is a schematic structural diagram of a piston rod of an expansion chamber device provided in an embodiment of the present invention in a state of being ready to open;
  • 39 is a schematic structural view of a piston rod of an expansion chamber device provided in an embodiment of the present invention in an open state
  • FIG. 40 is a diagram of an installation position of a break contact device provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 41 is a partial structural diagram of a break contact device provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 2-contact actuator 21-link, 22-connecting plate, 221-first guide hole, 222-second guide hole, 223-third guide hole, 224-fourth guide hole, 23-first rotation Pin, 24-first connecting plate, 241-guide chute, 25-second connecting plate, 26-second rotating pin, 27-limit guide;
  • 28-draw rod 281-curved slot, 29-guide plate, 291-first rack, 2911-first rack limit slot, 292-second rack, 2921-second rack limit slot, 293- Second rack limit pin, 294- tie rod limit pin, 295- first rack limit pin, 296- tie rod guide pin, 297- tie rod limit slot, 298- first gear, 299- second gear;
  • 3-driven side connector 31-guide connection device, 32-contact base, 33-driven arc contact, 4-arc extinguishing chamber, 5-housing, 6-insulation support, 7-insulation tie rod, 71 -First metal insert, 72-insulation tube, 73-second metal insert, 8-shield plate, 81-mounting hole, 9-spout, 10-insulation connector, 101-vent hole, 11-arc extinguishment Chamber mounting bracket, 12-active part, 13-active side first connector, 131-active side curved surface, 132-first limit protrusion, 133-spout limit step, 14-active side second connector , 141- driven side arc surface, 142- second limit projection, 15- drive connection ring, 16- active arc contact, 17- pressure cylinder, 18- piston rod, 181- pressure relief hole, 191- Compression chamber, 192-expansion chamber, 193-first check valve, 194-second check valve, 195-third check valve, 196-pressure relief valve, 197-piston
  • 201-movable-side metal support insert 202-static-side metal support insert, 203-movable-side shield, 204-intermediate insulating support cylinder, 205-static-side shield, 206-spring contact.
  • the core of the present invention is to provide a circuit breaker whose service life is extended.
  • a circuit breaker provided by a specific embodiment of the present invention includes a spout 9, a first connection member 13 on the active side, a second connection member 14 on the active side, an insulating connection member 10, Mounting bracket 11 of the arc extinguishing chamber, the insulating rod 7 and the protective plate 8 installed on the mounting bracket 11 of the arc extinguishing chamber and used for isolating the insulating section of the insulating rod 7 from the inner cavity of the arc extinguishing chamber 4 and the insulating connector 10 at both ends They are respectively connected to the active-side first connecting piece 13 and the active-side second connecting piece 14, and the insulating connecting piece 10 is provided with a through-hole-shaped cavity for the nozzle 9 to be installed, and the nozzle 9 and the insulating connecting piece 10 are first connected through the active side
  • the component 13 and the second connecting member 14 on the active side are limitedly coaxially fixed, and the end of the protective plate 8 is in
  • the nozzle 9 When installing the fracture transmission device, the nozzle 9 is installed in the through-hole cavity, the active-side first connector 13 and the active member 12 are fixedly connected, and the insulating connector 10 and the nozzle 9 pass through the active-side first connector 13 and the active side The second connector 14 is connected.
  • the circuit breaker provided by the present invention, by installing a protective plate 8 slidingly matched with the side wall of the insulating rod 7 on the mounting bracket 11 of the arc extinguishing chamber, the heat flow and impurities inside the arc extinguishing chamber 4 are reduced to damage the insulation
  • the insulating section of the tie rod 7 further causes a short circuit.
  • the insulating connection piece 10 is sleeved on the outer side of the spout 9 and the spout 9 is installed in the through-hole cavity.
  • the first connection piece 13 on the active side and the second connection piece 14 on the active side are respectively connected to the active part 12 and the driven side transmission device.
  • the active-side first connecting member 13 and the active-side second connecting member 14 are connected by an insulating connecting member 10, and the nozzle 9 no longer bears the transmission force during the movement, avoiding the situation that the nozzle 9 bears a large force and is easily damaged. Therefore, the present invention The service life of the provided circuit breaker is extended.
  • the insulating connector 10 is an insulating tube, and the first active connector 13 and the second active connector 14 are metal parts.
  • the connecting member 14 is not limited to metal parts, wherein both ends of the insulating connecting member 10 are respectively connected to the active-side first connecting member 13 and the active-side second connecting member 14, and the insulating connecting member 10 is provided with a passage for installing the nozzle 9
  • the hole-shaped cavity specifically, in order to facilitate the processing of the insulating connector 10, preferably, the through-hole cavity is a cylindrical cavity.
  • the first connection member 13 on the active side and the second connection member 14 on the active side are both cylindrical structures sleeved on the outside of the spout 9.
  • the nozzle 9 is adhered to the inner surface of the insulating connector 10.
  • the insulating connector 10 is a cylindrical structure, and the insulating connector 10 may be an integrally formed structure, or may be processed in multiple stages.
  • the insulating connector 10 is a cylindrical tube ⁇ ⁇ Shaped structure.
  • the insulating connector 10 can be set to a non-cylindrical shape, such as a rectangular tube, an elliptical tube, etc., as needed.
  • the inner surface and / or outer surface of the insulating connector 10 is provided with a polytetrafluoroethylene layer, because the polytetrafluoroethylene has excellent chemical stability, corrosion resistance, sealing, high lubricity and non-stickiness, electrical insulation and Good resistance to aging, the inner surface and / or outer surface of the insulating connector 10 is provided with an arc-resistant coating, which can be a polytetrafluoroethylene layer, which extends the service life of the insulating connector 10 and improves the double-acting switch equipment
  • the material of the insulating connector 10 is a material with good electrical insulation performance and high mechanical strength.
  • the nozzle 9 When assembling, the nozzle 9 is installed in the through-hole cavity, the nozzle 9 and the insulating connector 10 are coaxially fixed by the first coupling member 13 on the active side and the second coupling member 14 on the active side. Driven by the mechanism, the driving member 12 reciprocates. The movement of the driving member 12 is transmitted to the fracture transmission device by the connection member structure, and then the follower device is driven by the fracture transmission device to reciprocate, and the arc extinguishing chamber 4 is opened and closed.
  • the active-side first connector 13 is sleeved on the outer side of one end of the nozzle 9, and the inner surface of the first end of the active-side first connector 13 is provided with an active member capable of connecting with the insulating connector 10
  • the first limiting protrusion 132 connected to the side connecting end is provided with an active side sealing ring between the first limiting protrusion 132 and the nozzle 9.
  • the first limiting protrusion 132 is a ring-shaped structure.
  • the active-side first connector 13 and the first limiting protrusion 132 are an integrally formed structure.
  • the second side opposite to the first end of the first connecting member 13 on the active side is provided with an active side arc surface 131 for the end of the insulating connecting member 10 to slide into the position of the first limiting protrusion 132. That is, as shown in FIG. 8, the active-side arc-shaped surface 131 at the right end of the active-side first connector 13 may be a circular surface.
  • the active-side arc-shaped surface 131 has the function of uniformly breaking the electric field, and at the same time facilitates the installation of the insulating connector 10.
  • the outer surface of the first end of the first connection member 13 on the active side is provided with a nozzle limiting step 133 for limiting the nozzle 9.
  • the nozzle stop step 133 can be used to assist in clamping and fixing the main contact and the nozzle 9.
  • the end of the second connector 14 on the active side is provided with a second limiting protrusion 142 that can be connected to the connecting end on the driven side of the insulating connector 10.
  • the second limiting protrusion 142 A driven side seal ring is provided between the nozzle 9 and the nozzle 9.
  • the second connector 14 on the active side has a composite function, and at the same time satisfies the functions of uniform breaking electric field, guiding, and fixing the insulating connector 10.
  • the nozzle 9 is located in the cavity of the insulating connector 10 and no longer bears the transmission force. Install sealing rings between the left and right sides of the nozzle 9 and adjacent parts to form a closed channel, completely isolate the insulating connector 10 from the arc channel, and avoid the insulating connector 10 from being subjected to arc and hot air flow during the switching equipment The insulation breakdown of the ground insulation connector 10 alone or in combination with the arc decomposition product causes insulation failure.
  • the active-side second connector 14 is provided with a driven-side curved surface 141 for sliding the end of the insulating connector 10 into the position of the second limiting protrusion 142.
  • the driven-side arc-shaped surface 141 at the left end may specifically be a circular-arc surface.
  • the driven-side arc-shaped surface 141 is used to uniformly break the electric field, and at the same time, realize the installation guide of the insulating connector 10.
  • one end of the spout 9 is a fixed end fixedly connected to the insulating connector 10 through the active-side first connector 13 and the other end of the spout 9 is in contact with the active-side second connector 14 Connect the free end.
  • the insulating connector 10 the first active connector 13, the second active connector 14, and the nozzle 9 are sealedly connected, and the insulating connector 10 is provided with a side wall facing the nozzle 9 There are exhaust holes 101.
  • the number of exhaust holes 101 may be one, two or more, etc. In the specific use process, in order to facilitate gas exhaust and ensure the overall connection strength, preferably, the number of exhaust holes 101 is two, and two The two exhaust holes 101 are oppositely arranged.
  • the double-acting switchgear of the circuit breaker includes an active-side sealing ring connected to the spout 9 and the active member 12 at both ends, respectively.
  • the protective plate 8 is a high temperature resistant insulating plate.
  • the protective plate 8 is a polytetrafluoroethylene plate.
  • the protective plate 8 is an integrally formed structure.
  • the protective plate 8 is a dust cover sleeved on the outer side of the insulating rod 7 .
  • the dust cover and the arc-extinguishing chamber mounting bracket 11 are connected by fasteners, the dust cover is provided with a mounting hole 81 for the fastener to pass through, the mounting hole 81 is a strip-shaped hole for the dust cover to slide up and down, specifically The long end of the strip-shaped hole is placed vertically, so that the dust cover can move up and down to adjust the position as the insulating rod 7 swings up and down, and then can adjust the position with the insulating rod 7 swinging up and down.
  • the fastener is a threaded fastener.
  • the dust cover and the fastener are loosely fitted.
  • the insulating rod 7 has a cylindrical structure, and the center of the dust cover is a round hole, which is convenient for the sliding of the insulating rod 7 in the round hole.
  • the fasteners are arranged along the circumferential direction of the insulation shield 8 with the axis of the insulating tie rod 7 as the center line.
  • the fasteners are arranged along the circumferential direction of the insulation shield 8 with the axis of the insulating tie rod 7 as the center line.
  • the gap between the protective plate 8 and the insulating tie rod 7 is less than 1 mm.
  • the insulating rod 7 is input to the boom 1 through the mechanism to drive the movement.
  • the circuit breaker further includes a housing 5 and an arc extinguishing chamber 4 provided in the housing 5.
  • the insulating rod 7 and the protective device are located in the housing 5.
  • the insulating rod 7 includes a first metal insert 71, a second metal insert 73, and an insulating cylinder 72 connecting the first metal insert 71 and the second metal insert 73, the first metal insert 71 is located between the insulating rod 7 and the arc extinguishing chamber 4, and the protective plate 8 Slidingly fit with the first metal insert 71.
  • the length of the first metal insert 71 is longer than the length of the arc extinguishing chamber 4 to ensure that the insulating metal rod 7 always keeps the first metal insert 71 of the insulating metal rod 7 sliding relative to the protective plate 8 during the movement.
  • the circuit breaker further includes an insulating support 6 connected at both ends to the housing 5 and the arc-extinguishing chamber mounting bracket 11, wherein the number of insulating supports 6 is determined according to actual needs
  • the present invention is not specifically limited, and by providing an insulating support member 6, the overall stability of the circuit breaker is further improved.
  • the circuit breaker further includes a driven side connector 3 and a contact for transmitting power from the active side second connector 14 to the driven side connector 3
  • the head transmission device 2 includes a connecting rod 21, a connecting plate 22 and a connecting plate transmission assembly.
  • the connecting rod 21 is connected to the second connecting member 14 on the active side.
  • the connecting plate transmission assembly includes a first connecting plate 24 and is hinged to the first connecting plate 24
  • the second connecting plate 25 the end of the first connecting plate 24 away from the second connecting plate 25 is hinged to the connecting rod 21 through the first rotating pin 23, and the end of the second connecting plate 25 away from the first connecting plate 24 passes through the second
  • the rotation pin 26 is hinged with the driven side connector 3, and the connecting plate 22 is provided with a first guide hole 221 for moving the first rotation pin 23 and a second guide hole 222 for moving the second rotation pin 26.
  • the end of the connecting rod 21 away from the first connecting plate 24 is connected to the driving side connector, and the second rotating pin 26 is connected to the driven side connector 3.
  • the connecting plate transmission assembly includes the first connecting plate 24 and the second connecting plate 25, in actual work, it is adjusted according to the transmission speed demand
  • the lengths of the first connecting plate 24 and the second connecting plate 25 make the moving speed transmission of the connecting plate transmission assembly not affected by the distance between the driven-side connecting piece 3 and the driving-side connecting piece, and can be applied at a high voltage level to achieve opening Break, the versatility of the contact transmission 2 is improved.
  • the overall structure is simple and easy to disassemble.
  • the connecting plate transmission assembly further includes a limit guide 27.
  • the limit guide 27 is fixedly connected to the connecting plate 22.
  • the first connecting plate 24 is provided with a guide capable of moving along the limit 27 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 241.
  • the guide chute 241 may be an arc-shaped groove.
  • the guide chute 241 is preferably a straight groove, and the guide chute 241 cooperates with the limit guide 27. Therefore, the first connecting plate 24 Not only can it rotate around the limit guide 27, but also it can slide.
  • the limit guide 27 is a bearing.
  • the limit guide 27 is located at the hinge point of the first connecting plate 24 and the second connecting plate 25 and the first rotating pin 23 between.
  • the connecting plate 22 is provided with a third guide hole 223 for accommodating the connecting rod 21, and the connecting rod 21 can slide along the third guide hole 223.
  • the transmission connecting ring 15 of the active side connector is connected to the connecting rod 21 by bolts, the connecting rod 21 slides in the third guide hole 223 on the transmission bracket, the pin hole of the connecting rod 21 and the connecting plate pin hole of the first connecting plate 24 Connect with sliding pin.
  • the follower arc contact 33 and the active The arc contact 16 first moves in the same direction and then moves in the opposite direction.
  • the driven arc contact 33 and the active arc contact 16 Reverse movement, the driving-side connecting piece and the driven-side connecting piece 3 of the present invention move in the same direction and backward at first.
  • the driven-side connecting piece 3 When the active-side connecting piece performs the opening movement with the positions shown in FIGS. 11 and 12 as the starting point, the driven-side connecting piece 3 is driven to move together, and the trajectory of the opening movement is the driven arc contact of the driven-side connecting piece 3
  • the movement direction of the head 33 is the same as that of the second connecting member 14 on the driving side, and then the follower arc contact 33 of the following connecting member 3 quickly moves in a direction opposite to the moving direction of the second connecting member 14 on the driving side.
  • the connecting plate 22 is provided with a fourth guide hole 224 for accommodating the driven-side connector 3, a fourth guide hole 224, a first guide hole 221, and a second guide hole 222 It is parallel to the center line of the third guide hole 223.
  • the guide centers of the first guide hole 221, the second guide hole 222, the third guide hole 223, and the fourth guide hole 224 do not coincide.
  • the first guide hole 221, the second guide hole 222, the center lines of the third guide hole 223 and the fourth guide hole 224 are arranged in parallel, and the connecting plate 22 has a rectangular structure to facilitate the overall sliding.
  • first guide hole 221 and the second guide hole 222 may be a chute structure, or both may be a through-hole structure.
  • the first connecting plate 24 can slide along the limit guide 27. Therefore, the first connecting plate 24 has the ability to change the lever ratio of the second coupling member 14 on the active side and the coupling member 3 on the driven side.
  • the active side connecting piece connected by the first connecting plate 24 moves along a straight line, as shown in FIGS. 12 and 22, the first connecting plate 24 rotates around the limit guide 27, and at the same time
  • the limit guide 27 slides along the length of the guide chute 241 of the first connecting plate 24, and the sliding motion slides under the constraint of the guide chute 241 of the first connecting plate 24.
  • the connected active-side connecting member moves along a straight line, which has the closest distance to the limit guide 27 surrounded by the first connecting plate 24, and the point of the closest distance at the straight line is named X (as shown in FIG. 22).
  • the active side connecting piece of the connecting rod 21 connected by the first connecting plate 24 moves along a straight line, the movement moves from the starting position to point X, and passes through point X, and finally stops after point X.
  • the first connecting plate The length of the active side of 24 (that is, the distance from the position where the first connecting plate 24 connects the active side to the limit guide 27) becomes shorter as it approaches point X, and the length of the driven side (that is, the first connecting plate 24 connects the side of the driven side The distance from the position to the driven side guide) as the driving side approaches the X point side length.
  • the first connecting plate 24 changes with angle a during rotation, and the first rotation pin 23 reaches the maximum transmission ratio at point X, where point X is the first rotation pin 23 in the first guide hole 221 moves to the position with the shortest distance from the limit guide 27, the formula of the transmission ratio is: Where n is the variable ratio, L is the length of the first connecting plate 24, and S is the distance from the limit guide 27 to the X point.
  • the X point position is set near the middle of the 9ms interval after the contact separation during the breaking process, which can achieve the high-speed movement of the driven side of the circuit breaker within the 9ms interval of contact separation, and can achieve the need within 9ms.
  • the distance requirement Outside of 9ms, the driven side moves at a low speed, saving the operating power of the mechanism.
  • the active arc contact 16 and the driven arc contact 33 first move in the same direction.
  • the shorter length of the driven arc contact 33 is larger after the active arc contact 16 is detached. Only after the distance, the function of the longer follower arc contact 33 is realized, and the movement operation power is reduced.
  • the connecting rod 21 has a long straight cylindrical structure, one end of the connecting rod 21 is a bolt hole, the bolt hole is on the end surface of the connecting rod 21, and the other end is a long rod structure of a pin hole.
  • the bolt hole of the connecting rod 21 is connected to the transmission connecting ring with bolts 15 is fastened and connected, and one end slides in the first guide hole 221.
  • the guide chute 241 is a straight chute.
  • connecting plate transmission components there are two connecting plate transmission components, two connecting plate transmission components are arranged on opposite sides of the connecting plate 22, two connecting rods 21, two connecting rods 21 and two first
  • the connecting plates 24 correspond one-to-one, that is, the two connecting rods 21 correspond to the two first connecting plates 24, respectively.
  • the connecting plate transmission component is set to two and is arranged in a cross arrangement, which balances the lateral force of the driven side and solves the problem of low reliability. .
  • the two limit guides 27 are coaxially symmetrical on opposite sides of the connecting plate 22.
  • the two limit guides 27 are distributed on opposite sides of the second guide hole 222.
  • the specific second connecting member 14 on the active side includes the active arc contact 16, the nozzle 9, the pressure cylinder 17, the piston rod 18, the transmission connecting ring 15, the transmission connecting ring 15 is connected to the connecting rod 21, all parts Relative motion does not occur during the movement, and all parts are fixed to each other. Except for the nozzle 9, the other parts are made of metal.
  • the nozzle 9 is made of insulating material. The direction of movement is the axial movement of the piston rod 18.
  • the driven side connector 3 includes a driven arc contact 33, a contact holder 32, and a guide connection device 31.
  • the driven arc contact 33 and the guide connection device 31 move together, and Maintain coaxial movement, the movement direction is the same or different from the active
  • the follower arc contact 33 is a sliding movement in the contact holder 32
  • the contact holder 32 is a fixed device, which guarantees the follower arc contact 33 The role of the sliding constraint in the contact seat 32.
  • the contact transmission device 2 includes a guide plate 29, a gear set, a first rack 291, a tie rod 28, a tie rod guide pin 296, and a second rack 292.
  • the gear set includes The first gear 298 and the second gear 299 are coaxially fixedly connected. The number of teeth of the first gear 298 and the second gear 299 are different. The first gear 298 and the second gear 299 are both mounted on the guide plate 29.
  • the drawbar guide pin 296 is installed on the first rack 291.
  • the drawbar guide pin 296 is installed on the end of the first rack 291.
  • the drawbar guide pin 296 may be fixedly connected to On the first rack 291, considering that the drawbar guide pin 296 slides back and forth along the curved groove 281, it is easy to wear.
  • the drawbar guide pin 296 is rotatably connected to the first rack 291.
  • the drawbar guide pin 296 may be A rack 291 clearance fit.
  • the first rack 291 meshes with the first gear 298.
  • the pull rod 28 drives the first rack 291 to move, and the pull rod guide pin 296 slides in the curved groove 281.
  • the pull rod 28 is provided with a curved groove 281 that can drive the first rack 291 relative to the pull rod 28.
  • the second rack 292 meshes with the second gear 299, and the second rack 292 is parallel to the moving direction of the draw rod 28.
  • one of the tie rod 28 and the second rack 292 is connected to the driving component, and the other is connected to the driven component .
  • the tie rod 28 is connected to the second connector 14 on the driving side, and the second rack 292 is connected to the connector 3 on the driven side.
  • the number of teeth of the first gear 298 is smaller than the number of teeth of the second gear 299.
  • the gear ratio of the second gear 299 is determined according to the final speed requirement of the static arc contact 198. Specifically, when the static arc contact 198 requires a higher speed, the gear ratio between the two is greater.
  • the tie rod guide pin 296 is located on the end of the curved groove 281 away from the gear set;
  • the tie rod guide pin 296 is located on the end of the curved groove 281 near the gear set.
  • the contact transmission device 2 further includes a first rack limit pin 295 and a first rack limit groove 2911 provided along the movement direction of the first rack 291, the first tooth One of the bar limit pin 295 and the first rack limit groove 2911 is provided on the guide plate 29, and the other is provided on the first rack 291.
  • the first rack limit pin 295 is slidably disposed on the first tooth Bar limit slot 2911.
  • the first rack limit pin 295 is located on the first rack 291, and the first rack limit groove 2911 is located on the guide plate 29.
  • first rack limit pins 295 there are at least two first rack limit pins 295, and the first rack limit pins 295 are arranged along the movement direction of the first rack 291.
  • the contact transmission device 2 further includes a second rack limiting groove 2921 and a second rack limiting pin 293 that can slide in the second rack limiting groove 2921,
  • the second rack limit groove 2921 is provided along the moving direction of the second rack 292, one of the second rack limit groove 2921 and the second rack limit pin 293 is provided on the guide plate 29, and the other is provided on The second rack 292.
  • the second rack 292 reciprocates, in order to improve the connection strength of the second rack 292, it is preferable that the second rack limit pin 293 is located on the second rack 292, and the second rack limit groove 2921 is located On the guide plate 29.
  • the contact transmission device 2 further includes a lever limit slot 297 and a lever limit pin 294 that can slide in the lever limit slot 297, and the lever limit slot 297 moves along the lever 28 In the direction setting, one of the tie rod limit pin 294 and the tie rod limit groove 297 is set on the tie rod 28, and the other is set on the guide plate 29.
  • the end of the guide plate 29 is provided with a limit stop groove for accommodating the end of the tie rod 28.
  • the limit stop groove on the guide plate 29 snaps the tie rod 28.
  • the portion located in the limit stop groove is oriented toward The width of the guide plate 29 in the direction gradually increases.
  • the first rack limit pin 295, the second rack limit pin 293, the tie rod limit pin 294, and the tie rod guide pin 296 are cylindrical pins.
  • the guide plate 29 is an integrally formed structure.
  • one end of the pull rod 28 is fixedly connected to the nozzle 9 of the active assembly, and the other end of the pull rod 28 is provided with a pull rod limit pin 294.
  • the pull rod limit pin 294 is connected to the guide plate 29
  • the upper lever limit groove 297 is connected, and the lever limit pin 294 can slide in the guide rail groove.
  • the first rack 291 is fixed in the curved groove 281 of the pull rod 28 by a pull rod guide pin 296, and the pull rod guide pin 296 can slide in the curved groove 281.
  • the gear set is composed of two large and small gears, and the large and small gears are fixed on the same shaft.
  • the first rack 291 meshes with the first gear 298, and then the second gear 299 of the gear set meshes with the second rack 292, and the second rack 292 is fixedly connected to the guide device of the driven assembly, wherein the first gear 298 is The small gear and the second gear 299 are large gears.
  • the moving direction of the first rack 291 is perpendicular to the moving direction of the second rack 292, that is, the moving direction of the first rack 291 is perpendicular to the moving direction of the tie rod 28.
  • the opening and closing operation of the circuit breaker can have the following several movement modes.
  • the active component in the circuit breaker moves axially along the piston rod 18, and the active component is pulled by the nozzle 9 to move the contact transmission device 2 .
  • the contact transmission device 2 to convert the axial movement of the active assembly to the axial movement in the opposite direction, according to the arc extinguishing chamber 4 opening speed requirements, design the curve groove 281 of the draw rod 28 and the gear ratio to achieve
  • the static arc contact 198 (as shown in FIG. 40) opens at a high speed in the opposite direction of the designated section.
  • FIG. 28 in conjunction with FIG.
  • the circuit breaker mechanism drives the active assembly to move horizontally to the left along the axis of the arc extinguishing chamber 4-the nozzle 9 of the active assembly drives the pull rod 28 to move horizontally to the left along the axis of the arc extinguishing chamber 4 -
  • the draw bar 28 has a curved groove 281-the curved groove 281 drives the draw bar guide pin 296 fixedly connected to the first rack 291-the draw bar guide pin 296 drives the first rack 291 to move vertically downward-the first rack 291
  • the vertical downward movement drives the gear set meshing with it to rotate counterclockwise-the gear set rotation movement drives the second rack 292 fixed to the stationary arc contact 198 to move horizontally to the right-the second rack 292 drives the stationary arc
  • the contact 198 moves horizontally to the right to realize the reverse opening movement with the moving arc contact.
  • the circuit breaker mechanism drives the active assembly to move horizontally to the right along the axis of the arc extinguishing chamber 4-the rod 28 is driven by the nozzle 9 of the active assembly to move horizontally to the right along the axis of the arc extinguishing chamber 4-the rod 28 has a curved groove 281-the curved groove 281 drives the tie rod guide pin 296 fixedly connected to the first rack 291-the tie rod guide pin 296 drives the first rack 291 to move vertically upward-the first rack 291 is vertical
  • the upward movement drives the gear set meshing with it to rotate clockwise-the gear set rotation movement drives the second rack 292 fixed to the stationary arc contact 198 horizontally to the left-the second rack 292 drives the stationary arc contact 198 horizontally Move to the left to achieve simultaneous closing movement with the moving arc contact.
  • the moving speed of the static arc contact 198 is adjusted according to the need by the shape of the curved groove 281 of the tie rod 28 and the gear ratio of the gear size of the gear set, so as to meet the interruption requirements of the arc extinguishing chamber 4.
  • the direction of closing movement is reversed. That is, during the 0-a-b-c full stroke, the active and driven components move in opposite directions.
  • the driving component moves and the driven component stops moving, it means that the length direction of the groove body of the curved groove 281 on which the drawbar guide pin 296 slides is parallel to the moving direction of the drawbar 28.
  • the active component and the driven component move in opposite directions, the b-c active component continues the opening motion, and the driven component stops moving.
  • the direction of closing movement is reversed.
  • the active component and the driven component move in opposite directions, and the active component in the 0-a, bc interval performs the opening motion, the driven component Do not exercise.
  • the direction of closing movement is reversed.
  • the active component and the driven component move in opposite directions, the active component in the interval 0-a performs the opening motion, and the driven component is stationary.
  • the direction of closing movement is reversed.
  • the active component and the driven component move in the opposite direction, and the active component and the driven component move in the same direction in the 0-a interval.
  • the active component performs the opening movement, and the driven component moves statically. The direction of closing movement is reversed.
  • the active component and the driven component move in the opposite direction, and the active component and the driven component move in the same direction in the 0-a interval.
  • the direction of closing movement is reversed.
  • the length and curvature of the curved groove 281 are set according to the specific needs of the circuit breaker, that is, the shape of the curved groove 281 can be designed according to the characteristics of the circuit breaker itself. In turn, it can meet the characteristics of different circuit breakers.
  • the ratio of the number of teeth of the first gear 298 and the second gear 299 needs to be adjusted to reduce the influence of the internal space, so that the gear set has the function of increasing the opening speed of the static arc contact 198, according to the gear
  • the group transmission ratio is directly amplified by n times to meet the requirements of high-speed opening, effectively reducing the operating power, and the versatility of the contact transmission device 2 is improved.
  • the double-action transmission structure realizes the reverse movement of the dynamic and static arc contacts 198 during the closing and closing movement.
  • the shape of the curved groove 281 of the tie rod 28 is used in conjunction with the first rack 291 to combine the gears.
  • the design of gear ratio of small and large gears of the group can realize simple and stable high-speed opening movement and reduce the manufacturing cost of the circuit breaker.
  • the gear set has the function of amplifying the opening speed of the static arc contact 198, which can effectively reduce the radial size of the contact transmission device 2, which is beneficial to the miniaturization of the circuit breaker.
  • a protective cover is provided on the outer side of the contact transmission device 2.
  • the circuit breaker mechanism When the circuit breaker performs the opening and closing movement, the circuit breaker mechanism provides power to drive the active component to perform the opening and closing movement, and then the contact transmission device 2 is moved, and then the contact transmission device 2 drives the driven side connection member 3 along The second link 14 on the active side moves in the opposite direction, thereby achieving double-action movement.
  • the guide plate 29 is provided with a driven guide groove for guiding the driven assembly.
  • the circuit breaker provided by the present invention further includes an expansion chamber device of a self-excitation type arc extinguishing chamber, as shown in FIG. 35, specifically including a piston 197, a piston rod 18 and an expansion chamber 192.
  • the expansion chamber 192 is installed outside the piston rod 18 for Self-powered arc extinguishing chamber.
  • the piston rod 18 is provided with a first check valve 193 which can communicate with the expansion chamber 192.
  • the first check valve 193 is opened, and the piston rod 18 is provided with a relief valve.
  • Pressure hole 181 when the piston rod 18 is in the closed state, the pressure relief hole 181 is in the closed state, when the piston rod 18 is in the open state, the pressure relief hole 181 is in the open state, wherein the opening and closing of the pressure relief hole 181 can pass through the valve control.
  • the first check valve 193 is in the closed state.
  • the outer surface of the piston rod 18 is a cylindrical structure.
  • the first check valve 193 may be one, two or more, etc. When the first check valve 193 is two, preferably, the two first check valves 193 are distributed on the upper and lower sides of the piston rod 18 side. When there is one first check valve 193, it is preferable that the first check valve 193 is located directly above the piston rod 18.
  • the pressure relief hole 181 is closed.
  • the air pressure in the piston rod 18 increases until the air pressure in the piston rod 18 is greater than the air pressure in the expansion chamber 192.
  • the check valve 193 opens, and the hot gas in the piston rod 18 enters the expansion chamber 192 through the first check valve 193, and the pressure in the expansion chamber 192 increases.
  • the piston rod 18 moves away from the static arc contact 198, after the moving arc contact and the static arc contact 198 are separated, an arc is generated between the moving and static arc contacts, the piston rod 18 is in an open state, and the pressure is released
  • the hole 181 opens, the first check valve 193 closes, and the expansion chamber 192 completes the pressure relief to the arc position.
  • the opening time of the pressure relief hole 181 can be calculated, and the time when the pressure relief hole 181 on the piston rod 18 is opened can be designed to fully utilize the arc blocking phenomenon to pressurize the expansion chamber 192.
  • first check valve 193 on the piston rod 18 that can deliver the hot gas in the piston rod 18 to the expansion chamber 192
  • the gas in the piston rod 18 can also be used to increase the pressure in the expansion chamber 192, which in turn causes the gas in the expansion chamber 192 to increase rapidly, effectively increasing the efficiency of the expansion chamber 192 in establishing pressure, improving the interrupting performance of the arc extinguishing chamber 4, and reducing the operating power , And thus the arc extinguishing performance is improved.
  • the expansion chamber device further includes a compression chamber 191 and a decompression device disposed on the compression chamber 191 and communicating with the outside world.
  • the compression chamber 191 is connected to the expansion chamber 192 through a second check valve 194.
  • the second check valve 194 opens.
  • the pressure reducing device includes a pressure relief valve 196 and a third check valve 195.
  • the compression chamber 191 and the expansion chamber 192 are sleeved on the outer side of the piston rod 18, the piston 197 is hermetically connected to the compression chamber 191, and the piston 197 and the expansion chamber 192 are located on opposite sides of the compression chamber 191.
  • the expansion chamber 192 and the pressure chamber 191 may be independent chambers, and the two are connected by a channel, and the second check valve 194 may be disposed in the channel.
  • the axis of the piston rod 18 and the center line of the compression chamber 191 and the center line of the expansion chamber 192 coincide with each other. Since the axis of the piston rod 18, the centerline of the compression chamber 191 and the centerline of the expansion chamber 192 coincide, the overall distribution of the air pressure in the compression chamber 191 and the expansion chamber 192 is more uniform, and the performance of the self-energy arc extinguishing chamber is further improved.
  • the compression chamber 191 is adjacent to the expansion chamber 192, and the compression chamber 191 and the expansion chamber 192 are separated by a partition plate, and the second check valve 194 is installed on the partition plate. Since the compression chamber 191 and the expansion chamber 192 are adjacent to each other, it is convenient to arrange the expansion chamber device as a whole and reduce the overall occupied area.
  • the partition plate and the pressure chamber 191 are of an integrally formed structure, and the side wall of the expansion chamber 192 is provided with a limit step sealingly connected to the partition plate and the outer wall of the pressure chamber 191. Since the partition plate and the compression chamber 191 have an integrated molding structure, it is convenient for processing and assembling the expansion chamber device, and at the same time, the side wall of the expansion chamber 192 is provided with a limit step, which facilitates the sealing connection between the expansion chamber 192 and the compression chamber 191 side wall.
  • the pressure relief hole 181 is a bar-shaped hole, preferably a waist hole.
  • the pressure relief hole 181 and the inner surface of the piston 197 are sealingly fitted; when the piston rod 18 is in the open state, the pressure is relieved
  • the hole 181 is located outside the piston 197.
  • the first check valve 193, the second check valve 194 and the third check valve 195 mentioned above can be closed by the valve weight or the spring connection, of course, the first check valve 193, the first The types of the second check valve 194 and the third check valve 195 are not limited to the above.
  • the circuit breaker further includes a static main contact, a moving main contact, and an insulating support tube.
  • the insulating support tube includes an intermediate insulating support tube 204 and movable-side metal support inserts provided at both ends of the intermediate insulating support tube 204.
  • Component 201 and the stationary metal support insert 202, the stationary main contact is fixedly connected to the stationary metal support insert 202, the movable main contact is electrically connected to the movable side metal support insert 201, and the movable main contact is connected to the movable side The metal support insert 201 is slidingly connected.
  • the shielding arcs of the movable-side metal support insert 201 and the stationary-side metal support insert 202 extend into the intermediate insulating support cylinder 204.
  • the stationary main contact may be fixedly connected to the stationary metal support insert 202 by welding or bonding.
  • the fracture support structure and the conductive circuit are combined, and the fracture-supported metal insert is used as the conductive A part of the circuit, thereby eliminating the supporting structure corresponding to the static main contact and the moving main contact, reducing the overall volume of the fracture contact device, thereby achieving the miniaturization of the fracture contact device.
  • the movable side metal support insert 201 and the pressing cylinder of the movable main contact are arranged coaxially.
  • the pressing cylinder 17 of the moving main contact is connected to the moving side metal supporting insert 201 through the spring contact 206.
  • the movable-side metal support insert 201 drives the pressure cylinder 17 to move, thereby driving the moving arc main contact of the present application.
  • the inner surface of the stationary metal support insert 202 is provided with a mounting groove for supporting the stationary side contact fingers of the stationary main contact.
  • a mounting groove in the static metal support insert 202 it not only functions as a fracture support shield, but also supports the static side contact fingers.
  • the intermediate insulating support cylinder 204 has a cylindrical structure.
  • the movable side metal support insert 201 and the stationary side metal support insert 202 are both ring-shaped structures connected circumferentially around the intermediate insulating support cylinder 204.
  • the two ends of the intermediate insulating support cylinder 204 are respectively sleeved It is provided outside the end of the moving side metal support insert 201 and outside the end of the static side metal support insert 202.
  • the circuit breaker is also connected to the static side main contact support member of the static side metal support insert 202.
  • the circuit breaker further includes a moving side shield cover 203 provided on the outside of the moving side metal supporting insert 201.
  • the circuit breaker further includes a static side shield 205 provided outside the static metal support insert 202.
  • the dynamic side shield 203 and the static side shield 205 are non-magnetic metal structures, which may be copper structures or aluminum structures.
  • the dynamic side shield 203 and the static side shield 205 are preferably aluminum. Structure, and achieve independent fracture shielding.

Landscapes

  • Circuit Breakers (AREA)
  • Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)

Abstract

一种断路器，包括喷口(9)、主动侧第一连接件(13)、主动侧第二连接件(14)、绝缘连接件(10)、灭弧室安装支架(11)、绝缘拉杆(7)及安装在灭弧室安装支架(11)上，且用于将绝缘拉杆(7)的绝缘段与灭弧室(4)内腔隔离的防护板(8)，绝缘连接件(10)两端分别与主动侧第一连接件(13)和主动侧第二连接件(14)连接，绝缘连接件(10)内设有供喷口(9)安装的通孔状腔体，喷口(9)与绝缘连接件(10)通过主动侧第一连接件(13)和主动侧第二连接件(14)进行限位同轴固定，防护板(8)的端部与绝缘拉杆(7)侧壁滑动配合。该断路器的使用寿命延长。

Description

断路器 技术领域
本发明涉及开关装置技术领域，特别涉及一种断路器。
背景技术
断路器的绝缘拉杆位于断路器的动侧支撑结构中，绝缘拉杆主要作用是将机构的动力传递给灭弧室，同时将灭弧室的电能与外壳进行隔离，防止发生短路故障带来危险。
断路器的开合动作由外置机构提供，机构的动力由220v电压供电储能，断路器的灭弧室承受较高电压，因此机构提供的动力由绝缘拉杆传递给断路器的灭弧室，该绝缘拉杆要有较高的强度来承受灭弧室的高速运动，同时绝缘拉杆要求有绝缘隔离的作用，防止灭弧室承受的高电压传递到断路器外面。具体的，绝缘拉杆包括绝缘段及设置在绝缘段两端的金属段。
断路器中双动开关设备的断口传动装置用于灭弧单元处完成两个不同电位的运动部件连接，断口传动装置的主动件提供动力，从动件由断口传动装置带动进行相应运动。通常采用喷口作为断口传动装置中的连接件，由喷口连接两侧的传动装置。
断路器工作时，灭弧室的高温气体在内部腔体容易流动至绝缘拉杆的绝缘段，绝缘拉杆工作环境处于热气流混乱的区域，容易使得绝缘失效，造成短路故障，同时由于现有技术使用的喷口材料力学性能较差，所以由喷口作为双动开关设备中断口传动装置的连接件，其机械可靠性低，导致断路器的使用寿命缩短。
因此，如何延长断路器的使用寿命，是本领域技术人员亟待解决的技术问题。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种断路器，该断路器的使用寿命延长。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供一种断路器，包括喷口、主动侧第一连接件、主动侧第二连接件、绝缘连接件、灭弧室安装支架、绝缘拉杆及安装在所述灭弧室安装支架上，且用于将所述绝缘拉杆的绝缘段与灭弧室内腔隔离的防护板，所述绝缘连接件两端分别与所述主动侧第一连接件和所述主动侧第二连接件连接，所述绝缘连接件内设有供所述喷口安装的通孔状腔体，所述喷口与所述绝缘连接件通过所述主动侧第一 连接件和所述主动侧第二连接件进行限位同轴固定，所述防护板的端部与所述绝缘拉杆侧壁滑动配合。
优选地，从动侧连接件及用于将所述主动侧第二连接件动力传送至所述从动侧连接件的触头传动装置；
所述触头传动装置包括连杆、连接板及连板传动组件，所述连杆与所述主动侧第二连接件连接，所述连板传动组件包括第一连板及与所述第一连板铰接的第二连板，所述第一连板上远离所述第二连板的一端通过第一转动销与所述连杆铰接，所述第二连板上远离所述第一连板的一端通过第二转动销与从动侧连接件铰接，所述连接板上设有供所述第一转动销移动的第一导向孔及供所述第二转动销移动的第二导向孔。
优选地，所述连板传动组件还包括限位导向件，所述限位导向件与所述连接板固定连接，所述第一连板上设有能够与所述限位导向件配合运动的导向滑槽，所述限位导向件位于所述第一连板和所述第二连板铰接点与所述第一转动销之间，所述连接板上设有用于容纳从动侧连接件的第四导向孔，所述第四导向孔、所述第一导向孔、所述第二导向孔和第三导向孔中心线平行设置。
优选地，所述连板传动组件为两个，两个所述连板传动组件布置在所述连接板的相对两侧，所述连杆为两个，两个所述连杆分别与两个所述第一连板对应。
优选地，第一连板与第一导向孔的夹角为a；
当分闸起始状态a角小于45°时，分闸时所述从动弧触头与所述主动侧第二连接件先同向运动后反向运动；
当分闸起始状态a角大于45°时，分闸时从动弧触头与所述主动侧第二连接件同时反向运动；
所述第一连板在转动过程中随a角改变，所述第一转动销到达X点传动变比最大，其中X点为所述第一转动销在所述第一导向孔中运动到距离所述限位导向件距离最短的位置，传动变比公式为传动变比的公式为：
Figure PCTCN2019108970-appb-000001
其中n为变比，L为所述第一连板长度，S为限位导向件到X点的距离。
优选地，还包括从动侧连接件及用于将所述主动侧第二连接件动力传送至所述从动侧连接件的触头传动装置，所述触头传动装置包括：
齿轮组，所述齿轮组包括同轴固定连接的第一齿轮和第二齿轮，所述第一齿轮和所述第二齿轮的齿数不同；
导向板，所述第一齿轮和所述第二齿轮均安装在所述导向板上；
拉杆导向销；
第一齿条，所述拉杆导向销安装在所述第一齿条上，所述第一齿条与所述第一齿轮啮合；
拉杆，所述拉杆上设有能够带动第一齿条相对于所述拉杆运动的曲线槽，拉杆导向销能够沿所述曲线槽滑动；
及与所述第二齿轮啮合的第二齿条，所述第二齿条与所述拉杆运动方向平行。
优选地，所述拉杆与所述主动侧第二连接件连接，所述第二齿条与所述从动侧连接件连接，所述第一齿轮的齿数小于所述第二齿轮)的齿数；
当位于合闸位置时，所述拉杆导向销位于所述曲线槽上远离所述齿轮组的一端；
当位于分闸位置时，所述拉杆导向销位于所述曲线槽上靠近所述齿轮组的一端。
优选地，还包括膨胀室装置，所述膨胀室装置包括活塞、活塞杆和膨胀室，所述膨胀室安装在所述活塞杆外侧，所述活塞杆上设有能够与所述膨胀室连通的第一逆止阀，当所述活塞杆的内腔气压大于所述膨胀室气压时，所述第一逆止阀打开；
所述活塞杆上设有泄压孔，当所述活塞杆位于封闭状态时，所述泄压孔位于关闭状态；当所述活塞杆处于打开状态时，所述泄压孔位于打开状态；当所述泄压孔位于打开状态时，所述第一逆止阀位于关闭状态。
优选地，所述泄压孔为两个，两个所述泄压孔相对布置在所述活塞杆的相对两侧，当所述活塞杆位于封闭状态时，所述泄压孔与所述活塞的内表面密封贴合；当所述活塞杆处于打开状态时，所述泄压孔位于所述活塞外侧。
优选地，还包括静主触头、动主触头、绝缘支撑筒，所述绝缘支撑筒包括中间绝缘支撑筒及设置在所述中间绝缘支撑筒两端的动侧金属支撑嵌件和静侧金属支撑嵌件，所述静主触头固定连接在所述静侧金属支撑嵌件上，所述动主触头与所述动侧金属支撑嵌件电连接，且所述动主触头与所述动侧金属支撑嵌件滑动连接。
在上述技术方案中，本发明提供的断路器包括喷口、主动侧第一连接件、主动侧第二连接件、绝缘连接件、灭弧室安装支架、绝缘拉杆及安装在灭弧室安装支架上，且用于将绝缘拉杆的绝缘段与灭弧室内腔隔离的防护板，绝缘连接件两端分别与主动侧第一连接件和主动侧第二连接件连接，绝缘连接件内设有供喷口安装的通孔状腔体，喷口与绝缘连接件通过主动侧第一连接件和主动侧第二连接件进行限位同轴固定，防护板的端部与绝缘拉杆侧壁滑动配合。在安装断口传动装置时，将喷口安装在通孔状腔体，绝缘连接件与喷口通过主动侧第一连接件和主动侧第二连接件连接。
通过上述描述可知，在本申请提供的断路器中，通过在灭弧室安装支架上安装与绝缘拉杆侧壁滑动配合的防护板，减少灭弧室内部的热气流及杂质损伤绝缘拉杆的绝缘段，进而产生短路的情况。通过在喷口外侧套设断口传动装置，喷口安装在通孔状腔体，主动侧第一连接件和主动侧第二连接件分别与主动件和从动侧传动装置连接，通过断口传动装置实现传动连接，主动侧第一连接件和主动侧第二连接件通过绝缘连接件连接，喷口不再承受运动过程中的传动力，避免喷口承受力较大容易损坏的情况，因此，本申请提供的断路器的使用寿命延长。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据提供的附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本发明实施例所提供的断路器位于合闸状态的局部结构示意图；
图2为本发明实施例所提供的断路器位于分闸状态的局部结构示意图；
图3为本发明实施例所提供的绝缘拉杆的结构示意图；
图4为本发明实施例所提供的防护板的安装位置图；
图5为本发明实施例所提供的防护板的结构示意图；
图6为本发明实施例所提供的断路器的断口传动位置的结构示意图；
图7为本发明实施例所提供的绝缘连接件的安装位置图；
图8为本发明实施例所提供的主动侧第一连接件的结构示意图；
图9为本发明实施例所提供的主动侧第二连接件的结构示意图；
图10为本发明实施例所提供的断路器的一种触头传动装置的结构示意图；
图11为图10所示的触头传动装置的安装位置图；
图12为图10所示触头传动装置的结构示意图；
图13为本发明实施例所提供的一种连接板的结构示意图；
图14为图13所示连接板的侧视图；
图15为本发明实施例所提供的另一种连接板的结构示意图；
图16为图15所示连接板的侧视图；
图17为本发明实施例所提供的连杆的结构示意图；
图18为本发明实施例所提供的从动侧连接件的结构示意图；
图19为本发明实施例所提供的第一连板的结构示意图；
图20为本发明实施例所提供的第二连板的结构示意图；
图21为本发明实施例所提供的断路器中的主动侧部件的结构示意图；
图22为本发明实施例所提供的第一转动销位于X点时的结构示意图；
图23为本发明实施例所提供的主动侧连接件和从动侧连接件的行程曲线图；
图24为本发明实施例所提供的另一种触头传动装置的结构示意图；
图25为图24所示触头传动装置的A部放大图；
图26为图24所示断路器的局部安装位置图；
图27为本发明实施例所提供的图24所示断路器合闸时的结构示意图；
图28为本发明实施例所提供的图24所示断路器分闸时的结构示意图；
图29为本发明实施例所提供第一种主动组件和从动组件的行程图；
图30为本发明实施例所提供第二种主动组件和从动组件的行程图；
图31为本发明实施例所提供第三种主动组件和从动组件的行程图；
图32为本发明实施例所提供第四种主动组件和从动组件的行程图；
图33为本发明实施例所提供第五种主动组件和从动组件的行程图；
图34为本发明实施例所提供第六种主动组件和从动组件的行程图；
图35为本发明实施例所提供的膨胀室装置的结构示意图；
图36为本发明实施例所提供的活塞杆的结构示意图；
图37为本发明实施例所提供的膨胀室装置的活塞杆处于封闭状态的结构示意图；
图38为本发明实施例所提供的膨胀室装置的活塞杆处于准备打开状态的结构示意图；
图39为本发明实施例所提供的膨胀室装置的活塞杆处于打开状态的结构示意图；
图40为本发明实施例所提供的断口触头装置的安装位置图；
图41为本发明实施例所提供的断口触头装置的局部结构示意图。
其中图1-41中：1-机构输入拐臂；
2-触头传动装置、21-连杆、22-连接板、221-第一导向孔、222-第二导向孔、223-第三导向孔、224-第四导向孔、23-第一转动销、24-第一连板、241-导向滑槽、25-第二连板、26-第二转动销、27-限位导向件；
28-拉杆、281-曲线槽、29-导向板、291-第一齿条、2911-第一齿条限位槽、292- 第二齿条、2921-第二齿条限位槽、293-第二齿条限位销、294-拉杆限位销、295-第一齿条限位销、296-拉杆导向销、297-拉杆限位槽、298-第一齿轮、299-第二齿轮；
3-从动侧连接件、31-导向连接装置、32-触头座、33-从动弧触头、4-灭弧室、5-外壳、6-绝缘支撑件、7-绝缘拉杆、71-第一金属嵌件、72-绝缘筒、73-第二金属嵌件、8-防护板、81-安装孔、9-喷口、10-绝缘连接件、101-排气孔、11-灭弧室安装支架、12-主动件、13-主动侧第一连接件、131-主动侧弧形面、132-第一限位凸起、133-喷口限位台阶、14-主动侧第二连接件、141-从动侧弧形面、142-第二限位凸起、15-传动连接环、16-主动弧触头、17-压气缸、18-活塞杆、181-泄压孔、191-压气室、192-膨胀室、193-第一逆止阀、194-第二逆止阀、195-第三逆止阀、196-泄压阀、197-活塞、198-静弧触头；
201-动侧金属支撑嵌件、202-静侧金属支撑嵌件、203-动侧屏蔽罩、204-中间绝缘支撑筒、205-静侧屏蔽罩、206-弹簧触头。
具体实施方式
本发明的核心是提供一种断路器，该断路器的使用寿命延长。
为了使本领域的技术人员更好地理解本发明的技术方案，下面结合附图和实施方式对本发明作进一步的详细说明。
请参考图1至图41，在一种具体实施方式中，本发明具体实施例提供的断路器包括喷口9、主动侧第一连接件13、主动侧第二连接件14、绝缘连接件10、灭弧室安装支架11、绝缘拉杆7及安装在灭弧室安装支架11上，且用于将绝缘拉杆7的绝缘段与灭弧室4内腔隔离的防护板8，绝缘连接件10两端分别与主动侧第一连接件13和主动侧第二连接件14连接，绝缘连接件10内设有供喷口9安装的通孔状腔体，喷口9与绝缘连接件10通过主动侧第一连接件13和主动侧第二连接件14进行限位同轴固定，防护板8的端部与绝缘拉杆7侧壁滑动配合。在安装断口传动装置时，将喷口9安装在通孔状腔体，主动侧第一连接件13与主动件12固定连接，绝缘连接件10与喷口9通过主动侧第一连接件13和主动侧第二连接件14连接。
通过上述描述可知，在本发明提供的断路器中，通过在灭弧室安装支架11上安装与绝缘拉杆7侧壁滑动配合的防护板8，减少灭弧室4内部的热气流及杂质损伤绝缘拉杆7的绝缘段，进而产生短路的情况。通过在喷口9外侧套设绝缘连接件10，喷口9安装在通孔状腔体，主动侧第一连接件13和主动侧第二连接件14分别与主动 件12和从动侧传动装置连接，主动侧第一连接件13和主动侧第二连接件14通过绝缘连接件10连接，喷口9不再承受运动过程中的传动力，避免喷口9承受力较大容易损坏的情况，因此，本发明提供的断路器的使用寿命延长。
具体的，绝缘连接件10为绝缘筒，主动侧第一连接件13和主动侧第二连接件14为金属件，当然，在具体组装过程中，主动侧第一连接件13和主动侧第二连接件14并不局限于金属件，其中绝缘连接件10的两端分别与主动侧第一连接件13和主动侧第二连接件14连接，绝缘连接件10内设有供喷口9安装的通孔状腔体，具体的，为了便于加工绝缘连接件10，优选，通孔装腔体为圆柱形腔体。为了便于整体安装，优选，主动侧第一连接件13和主动侧第二连接件14均为套设在喷口9外侧的筒形结构。
为了便于安装喷口9，优选，喷口9粘接在绝缘连接件10内表面上。
具体的，绝缘连接件10为筒形结构，绝缘连接件10可以为一体式成型结构，也可以由多段加工而成，为了便于加工及组装绝缘连接件10，优选，绝缘连接件10为圆柱筒形结构。当然，在实际加工过程中，可以根据需要将绝缘连接件10设置为非圆筒形，例如矩形筒、椭圆形筒等。
优选，绝缘连接件10的内表面和/或外表面设有聚四氟乙烯层，由于聚四氟乙烯具有优良的化学稳定性、耐腐蚀性、密封性、高润滑不粘性、电绝缘性和良好的抗老化耐力，在绝缘连接件10的内表面和/或外表面设有耐电弧涂层，具体可以为聚四氟乙烯层，延长了绝缘连接件10的使用寿命，提高双动开关设备的使用安全性，优选，绝缘连接件10选材为同时具有电气绝缘性能好、机械强度高的特点的材料。
在组装时时，将喷口9安装在通孔状腔体，喷口9和绝缘连接件10通过主动侧第一连接件13和主动侧第二连接件14进行限位同轴固定，灭弧室4的主动件12在机构带动下往复运动，主动件12的运动由连接件结构传递给断口传动装置，再由断口传动装置带动从动件进行往复运动，完成灭弧室4的分、合闸动作。
优选的，如图7、图8所示，主动侧第一连接件13套设在喷口9一端外侧，主动侧第一连接件13第一端的内表面设有能够与绝缘连接件10的主动侧连接端连接的第一限位凸起132，在第一限位凸起132与喷口9之间设有主动侧密封圈。为了提高连接稳定性，优选，第一限位凸起132为环形结构，通过设置第一限位凸起132，便于将绝缘连接件10与主动侧第一连接件13安装到位，实现有效固定。为了便于加工断口传动装置，优选，主动侧第一连接件13与第一限位凸起132为一体成型结构。
更为优选的，主动侧第一连接件13上与第一端相对的第二端设有供绝缘连接件10端部滑入第一限位凸起132位置的主动侧弧形面131。即如图8所示，主动侧第一连接件13右端的主动侧弧形面131可以为圆形面，主动侧弧形面131具有均匀断口电场的作用，同时便于安装绝缘连接件10。
为了提高连接稳定性，优选，主动侧第一连接件13第一端的外表面设有用于限位喷口9的喷口限位台阶133。如图7和图8所示，喷口限位台阶133可以用于协助完成主触头和喷口9的夹紧固定。
更进一步，如图9所示，主动侧第二连接件14的端部设有能够与绝缘连接件10的从动侧连接端连接的第二限位凸起142，第二限位凸起142与喷口9之间设有从动侧密封圈。通过设置第二限位凸起142，便于将绝缘连接件10与主动侧第二连接件14安装到位，通过设置从动侧密封圈和主动侧密封圈，实现喷口9的固定端和自由端的密封安装。主动侧第一连接件13具有复合功能，同时满足固定喷口9和绝缘连接件10的作用。主动侧第二连接件14具有复合功能，同时满足均匀断口电场、导向以及固定绝缘连接件10的作用。喷口9处于绝缘连接件10空腔内，不再承受传动力。喷口9左右两侧分别与相邻零件之间安装密封圈，形成封闭通道，将绝缘连接件10完全隔离在电弧通道之外，避免绝缘连接件10受到开关设备开断过程中的电弧、热气流和电弧分解物的单独或者共同作用而导致地绝缘连接件10的绝缘破坏引起绝缘失效。
进一步，主动侧第二连接件14设有上设有用于供绝缘连接件10端部滑入第二限位凸起142位置的从动侧弧形面141。如图9所示，左端的从动侧弧形面141具体可以为圆弧面，从动侧弧形面141用于均匀断口电场，同时实现绝缘连接件10的安装导向。
为了进一步延长喷口9的使用寿命，优选，喷口9的一端为通过主动侧第一连接件13与绝缘连接件10固定连接的固定端，喷口9的另一端为与主动侧第二连接件14抵接的自由端。
在上述各方案的基础上，优选，绝缘连接件10、主动侧第一连接件13、主动侧第二连接件14及喷口9密封连接，绝缘连接件10上与喷口9正对的侧壁设有排气孔101。通过在绝缘连接件10上设置排气孔101，便于喷口9和绝缘连接件10之间的空隙中的气体排出。具体的，排气孔101的个数可以为一个、两个或多个等，在具体使用过程中，为了便于气体排出，且保证整体连接强度，优选，排气孔101为两个， 且两个排气孔101相对设置。
为了提高密封性，优选，该断路器的双动开关设备包括两端分别与喷口9和主动件12连接的主动侧密封圈。
具体的，为了延长防护板8的使用寿命，防护板8为耐高温绝缘板，优选的，防护板8为聚四氟乙烯板。为了便于拆装防护板8，优选，防护板8为一体成型结构。
由于绝缘拉杆7既有水平轴向运动，又有竖直方向摆动，为了提高防护板8的防护性能，优选，如图5所示，防护板8为套设在绝缘拉杆7外侧的防尘盖，防尘盖与灭弧室安装支架11通过紧固件连接，防尘盖上设有供紧固件通过的安装孔81，安装孔81为供防尘盖上下滑动的条形孔，具体的，条形孔的长端为竖直放置，方便防尘盖能随绝缘拉杆7的上下摆动进行上下移动调整位置，进而能够随绝缘拉杆7上下摆动调整位置。为了便于拆装防尘盖，优选，紧固件为螺纹紧固件。具体的，防尘盖与紧固件是松配合。绝缘拉杆7为圆柱形结构式，防尘盖中心为圆孔，方便绝缘拉杆7在圆孔内滑动。
优选的，如图4所示，紧固件至少为两个，且紧固件以绝缘拉杆7轴线为中心线沿绝防护板8周向设置。具体的，为了提高运动稳定性，优选，紧固件为四个。
为了进一步提高断路器的使用安全性，优选，防护板8与绝缘拉杆7间隙小于1mm。绝缘拉杆7通过机构输入拐臂1带动运动。
进一步，如图1至图3所示，该断路器还包括外壳5及设置在外壳5内的灭弧室4，绝缘拉杆7和防护装置均位于外壳5内，绝缘拉杆7包括第一金属嵌件71、第二金属嵌件73及连接第一金属嵌件71和第二金属嵌件73的绝缘筒72，第一金属嵌件71位于绝缘拉杆7和灭弧室4之间，防护板8与第一金属嵌件71滑动配合。第一金属嵌件71的长度要长于灭弧室4的长度，保证绝缘拉杆7在运动过程中始终保持绝缘拉杆7的第一金属嵌件71与防护板8相对滑动。
更进一步，如图1和图2所示，该断路器还包括两端分别与外壳5和灭弧室安装支架11连接的绝缘支撑件6，其中绝缘支撑件6的个数根据实际需要而定，本发明不做具体限定，通过设置绝缘支撑件6，进一步提高断路器整体稳定性。
如图6、图10、图11、图12和图13所示，断路器还包括从动侧连接件3及用于将主动侧第二连接件14动力传送至从动侧连接件3的触头传动装置2，包括连杆21、连接板22及连板传动组件，连杆21与主动侧第二连接件14连接，连板传动组件包括第一连板24及与第一连板24铰接的第二连板25，第一连板24上远离第二连 板25的一端通过第一转动销23与连杆21铰接，第二连板25上远离第一连板24的一端通过第二转动销26与从动侧连接件3铰接，连接板22上设有供第一转动销23移动的第一导向孔221及供第二转动销26移动的第二导向孔222。
在组装断路器时，连杆21上远离第一连板24的一端与主动侧连接件连接，第二转动销26与从动侧连接件3连接。
通过上述描述可知，在本发明具体实施例所提供的触头传动装置2中，由于连板传动组件包括第一连板24和第二连板25，在实际工作过程中，根据传动速度需求调节第一连板24和第二连板25的长度，使得连板传动组件运动速度传动不受从动侧连接件3和主动侧连接件之间的间距影响，可以应用在高电压等级上实现开断，触头传动装置2的通用性提高。
另一方面，整体结构简单，便于拆装。
优选的，如图12和图14所示，连板传动组件还包括限位导向件27，限位导向件27与连接板22固定连接，第一连板24上设有能够沿限位导向件27运动的导向滑槽241。导向滑槽241可以为弧形槽，为了便于第一连板24运动，优选，导向滑槽241为直条形槽，导向滑槽241与限位导向件27配合，因此，第一连板24不仅可以围绕限位导向件27旋转，而且还能发生滑动，为了便于第一连板24运动，优选，限位导向件27为轴承。
为了便于第一连板24和第二连板25有效传动，优选，如图12所示，限位导向件27位于第一连板24和第二连板25的铰接点与第一转动销23之间。
为了提高运动稳定性，优选，连接板22上设有用于容纳连杆21的第三导向孔223，连杆21能够沿第三导向孔223滑动。主动侧连接件的传动连接环15通过螺栓与连杆21连接，连杆21在传动支架上的第三导向孔223内滑动，连杆21的销孔与第一连板24的连板销孔用滑动销连接。
具体的，如图10所示，在分闸起始位置，当第一连板24与水平线(第一导向孔221中心线)的倾斜角度a小于45度时，从动弧触头33和主动弧触头16先同向运动后反向运动，当第一连板24与水平线(第一导向孔221中心线)的倾斜角度a大于45度时，从动弧触头33与主动弧触头16反向运动，本发明的主动侧连接件与从动侧连接件3先同向后反向运动。
当主动侧连接件以图11和图12所示位置为起始点进行分闸运动时，带动从动侧连接件3一起运动，分闸运动的轨迹是从动侧连接件3的从动弧触头33与主动侧第 二连接件14运动方向一致，然后从动侧连接件3的从动弧触头33迅速进行与主动侧第二连接件14运动方向相反的运动，行程曲线见图23。
优选的，如图13和图15所示，连接板22上设有用于容纳从动侧连接件3的第四导向孔224，第四导向孔224、第一导向孔221、第二导向孔222和第三导向孔223中心线平行设置。为了避免整体结构较厚，优选，第一导向孔221、第二导向孔222、第三导向孔223和第四导向孔224的导向中心不重合，优选，第一导向孔221、第二导向孔222、第三导向孔223和第四导向孔224中心线平行设置，连接板22为矩形结构，方便整体滑动。
具体的，第一导向孔221和第二导向孔222可以为滑槽结构，还可均为通孔结构。
工作时，第一连板24能顺着限位导向件27滑动，因此，第一连板24具备改变主动侧第二连接件14和从动侧连接件3杠杆变比的能力，能够实现预设关键位置高速运动的效果，第一连板24连接的主动侧连接件沿直线运动，如图12和图22所示，第一连板24发生围绕限位导向件27旋转的运动，同时按照限位导向件27沿第一连板24的导向滑槽241的槽长的距离发生滑动运动，滑动运动是在第一连板24的导向滑槽241的约束下滑动。连接的主动侧连接件沿直线运动，该直线与第一连板24围绕的限位导向件27有最近间距，最近间距在直线的点命名为X(如图22所示)。第一连板24连接的连杆21的主动侧连接件沿直线运动，运动从起始位置向X点运动，并通过X点，最后停在X点之后，在这个过程上，第一连板24的主动侧长度(即第一连板24连接主动侧的位置到限位导向件27的距离)随靠近X点变短，而从动侧长度(即第一连板24连接从动侧的位置到从动侧导向件的距离)随主动侧靠近X点边长。随着主动侧跨越X点，长度变化发生反向变化，第一连板24连接的从动侧的运动速度的最高值将出现在X点。因此实现了主动侧运动到X点附近时，从动侧高速反向运动，主动侧距离X点较远时运动，从动侧运动速度将降低。
具体的，如图22所示，第一连板24在转动过程中随a角改变，第一转动销23到达X点传动变比最大，其中X点为第一转动销23在第一导向孔221中运动到距离限位导向件27距离最短的位置，传动变比的公式为：
Figure PCTCN2019108970-appb-000002
其中n为变比，L为第一连板24长度，S为限位导向件27到X点的距离。
在具体工作时，将X点位置设置在开断过程中的触头分离后的9ms间隔的中间附近，可以实现断路器在触头分离9ms间隔内从动侧高速运动，可以在9ms内实现需要的开距要求。而在9ms以外，从动侧都是低速运动，节省了机构操作功。
运动过程中，主动弧触头16和从动弧触头33先同向运动，在反向运动的特点，用较短长度的从动弧触头33，在主动弧触头16脱离后较大距离后才脱离，实现了较长从动弧触头33的功能，降低了运动操作功。
连杆21为长直圆柱结构，连杆21的一端为螺栓孔，螺栓孔在连杆21的端面，另一端为销子孔的长杆结构，连杆21的螺栓孔用螺栓与传动连接环15紧固连接，一端在第一导向孔221中滑动。
为了便于滑动，优选，导向滑槽241为直条型滑槽。
在上述方案的基础上，优选，连板传动组件为两个，两个连板传动组件布置在连接板22的相对两侧，连杆21为两个，两个连杆21与两个第一连板24一对一对应，即两个连杆21分别与两个第一连板24对应。连板传动组件为一个，对从动弧触头33的连接可靠性不好，连板传动组件设置为两个，交叉布置，平衡了从动侧侧向力，解决了可靠性不高的难题。
如图15和图16所示，两个限位导向件27同轴对称分别在连接板22的相对两侧。
如图13和图14所示，两个限位导向件27分布于第二导向孔222的相对两侧。
如图21所示，具体的主动侧第二连接件14包含主动弧触头16、喷口9、压气缸17、活塞杆18、传动连接环15，传动连接环15与连杆21连接，所有零件在运动过程中不发生相对运动，所有零件为相互固定。除了喷口9外，其余零件为金属制造。喷口9为绝缘材料制造。运动方向为活塞杆18的轴向运动。
如图18所示，从动侧连接件3包括从动弧触头33、触头座32、导向连接装置31，运动过程中从动弧触头33和导向连接装置31一起运动，与主动侧保持同轴向运动，运动方向与主动同向或异向，从动弧触头33在触头座32中为滑动运动，触头座32为固定不动装置，起了保证从动弧触头33在触头座32中滑动约束的作用。
在另一种实施方式中，如图24所示，触头传动装置2包括导向板29、齿轮组、第一齿条291、拉杆28、拉杆导向销296及第二齿条292，齿轮组包括同轴固定连接的第一齿轮298和第二齿轮299，第一齿轮298和第二齿轮299的齿数不同，第一齿轮298和第二齿轮299均安装在导向板29上。
如图24和图25所示，拉杆导向销296安装在第一齿条291上，优选，拉杆导向销296安装在第一齿条291的端部，具体的，拉杆导向销296可以固定连接在第一齿条291上，考虑到拉杆导向销296沿曲线槽281往复滑动，容易磨损，优选，拉杆导向销296可转动连接在第一齿条291上，具体的，拉杆导向销296可以与第一齿条 291间隙配合。第一齿条291与第一齿轮298啮合。拉杆28带动第一齿条291运动，拉杆导向销296在曲线槽281内滑动，拉杆28上设有能够带动第一齿条291相对于拉杆28运动的曲线槽281。第二齿条292与第二齿轮299啮合，第二齿条292与拉杆28运动方向平行。
当组装断路器时，根据第一齿轮298和第二齿轮299的齿数及弧形槽的设置方式，将拉杆28和第二齿条292一者与主动组件连接，另一者与从动组件连接。
具体的，拉杆28与主动侧第二连接件14连接，第二齿条292与从动侧连接件3连接，第一齿轮298的齿数小于第二齿轮299的齿数，其中第一齿轮298和第二齿轮299的齿数比，根据静弧触头198最终速度需要而定，具体的，当静弧触头198需要速度越高，两者齿数比越大。
如图27所示，当位于合闸位置时，拉杆导向销296位于曲线槽281上远离齿轮组的一端；
如图28所示，当位于分闸位置时，拉杆导向销296位于曲线槽281上靠近齿轮组的一端。
进一步，如图24和图25所示，该触头传动装置2还包括第一齿条限位销295及沿第一齿条291运动方向设置的第一齿条限位槽2911，第一齿条限位销295和第一齿条限位槽2911一者设置在导向板29上，另一者设置在第一齿条291上，第一齿条限位销295可滑动设置在第一齿条限位槽2911内。为了提高第一齿条291的连接强度，优选，第一齿条限位销295位于第一齿条291上，第一齿条限位槽2911位于导向板29上。
为了提高第一齿条291运动稳定性，优选，第一齿条限位销295至少为两个，第一齿条限位销295沿第一齿条291运动方向设置。
进一步，如图24和图25所示，该触头传动装置2还包括第二齿条限位槽2921及能够在第二齿条限位槽2921内滑动的第二齿条限位销293，第二齿条限位槽2921沿第二齿条292的运动方向设置，第二齿条限位槽2921和第二齿条限位销293一者设置在导向板29上，另一者设置在第二齿条292上。同理，由于第二齿条292往复运动，为了提高第二齿条292的连接强度，优选，第二齿条限位销293位于第二齿条292上，第二齿条限位槽2921位于导向板29上。
进一步，如图24和图25所示，该触头传动装置2还包括拉杆限位槽297及能够在拉杆限位槽297内滑动的拉杆限位销294，拉杆限位槽297沿拉杆28运动方向设 置，拉杆限位销294和拉杆限位槽297一者设置在拉杆28上，另一者设置在导向板29上。
如图24所示，为了提高使用安全性，优选，导向板29的端部设有用于容纳拉杆28的端部的极限限位槽。当拉杆28相对遇到导向板29伸出至极限位置时，导向板29上的极限限位槽将拉杆28卡接，为了实现两者卡接，优选，位于极限限位槽内的部分为向导向板29方向宽度逐渐增大的结构。
为了便于滑动，减小摩擦，优选，第一齿条限位销295、第二齿条限位销293、拉杆限位销294和拉杆导向销296均为圆柱形销。
为了便于加工触头传动装置2，优选，导向板29为一体成型结构。
如图24所示，在一种具体组装方式中，拉杆28的一端与主动组件的喷口9固定连接，拉杆28的另一端设有拉杆限位销294，通过拉杆限位销294与导向板29上的拉杆限位槽297连接，拉杆限位销294可在导轨槽内滑动。第一齿条291通过拉杆导向销296固定在拉杆28的曲线槽281内，拉杆导向销296可在曲线槽281内滑动，齿轮组由大小两个齿轮组成，大小齿轮固定在同一轴上，其中第一齿条291与第一齿轮298啮合，再由齿轮组的第二齿轮299与第二齿条292啮合，第二齿条292与从动组件的导向装置固定连接，其中第一齿轮298为小齿轮，第二齿轮299为大齿轮。为了便于整体安装，优选，第一齿条291运动方向与第二齿条292的运动方向垂直，即第一齿条291运动方向与拉杆28运动方向垂直。
具体的，断路器的分合闸操作可以有一下几种运动方式，在分合闸运动时，断路器中主动组件沿活塞杆18轴向运动，主动组件由喷口9拉动触头传动装置2运动，通过触头传动装置2将主动组件的轴向运动变换为与其相反方向的轴向运动，可根据灭弧室4分闸速度要求，设计拉杆28的曲线槽281与齿轮组的变比，实现静弧触头198(如图40所示)在指定区间反方向高速分闸。具体的，如图28结合图40所示，断路器机构驱动主动组件沿灭弧室4轴线水平向左运动——由主动组件的喷口9带动拉杆28沿灭弧室4轴线水平向左运动——拉杆28上有曲线槽281——曲线槽281驱动与第一齿条291固定连接的拉杆导向销296——拉杆导向销296带动第一齿条291竖直向下运动——第一齿条291竖直向下运动驱动与其啮合的齿轮组逆时针转动——齿轮组旋转运动驱动与静弧触头198固连的第二齿条292水平向右运动——第二齿条292带动静弧触头198水平向右运动，实现与动弧触头反向分闸运动。
合闸过程，如图27所示：断路器机构驱动主动组件沿灭弧室4轴线水平向右运 动——由主动组件的喷口9带动拉杆28沿灭弧室4轴线水平向右运动——拉杆28上有曲线槽281——曲线槽281驱动与第一齿条291固定连接的拉杆导向销296——拉杆导向销296带动第一齿条291竖直向上运动——第一齿条291竖直向上运动驱动与其啮合的齿轮组顺时针转动——齿轮组旋转运动驱动与静弧触头198固连的第二齿条292水平向左运动——第二齿条292带动静弧触头198水平向左运动，实现与动弧触头同时合闸运动。
在具体设计过程中，如图29所示，通过拉杆28的曲线槽281形状与齿轮组大小齿轮齿数比，根据需要调整静弧触头198运动速度，满足灭弧室4开断要求。合闸运动方向反之。即0-a-b-c全行程内，主动组件与从动组件为反方向运动。当主动组件运动，而从动组件停止运动时，说明此时拉杆导向销296所滑动的曲线槽281的槽体长度方向与拉杆28运动方向平行。
在第二种运动方式中，如图30所示，在分闸运动时0-a-b行程内，主动组件与从动组件为反方向运动，b-c主动组件继续分闸运动，从动组件停止运动。合闸运动方向反之。
在第三种运动方式中，如图31所示，在分闸运动时a-b行程内，主动组件与从动组件为反方向运动，0-a，b-c区间主动组件做分闸运动，从动组件不运动。合闸运动方向反之。
在第四种运动方式中，如图32所示，在分闸运动时a-b-c行程内，主动组件与从动组件为反方向运动，0-a区间主动组件做分闸运动，从动组件静止。合闸运动方向反之。
在第五种运动方式中，如图33所示，在分闸运动时a-b行程内，主动组件与从动组件为反方向运动，0-a区间主动组件与从动组件同向运动。b-c区间主动组件做分闸运动，从动组件静止运动。合闸运动方向反之。
在第六种运动方式中，如图34所示，在分闸运动时a-b-c行程内，主动组件与从动组件为反方向运动，0-a区间主动组件与从动组件同向运动。合闸运动方向反之。
通过上述描述可知，在本发明具体实施例所提供的触头传动装置2中，根据断路器具体需要设置曲线槽281的长度和弧度，即曲线槽281形状可根据自身断路器特性需要进行设计，进而可满足不同断路器特性需求。根据静弧触头198分闸速度需要调节第一齿轮298和第二齿轮299的齿数比例，减少受内部空间影响的情况，使得齿轮组具有提高静弧触头198分闸速度的功能，按齿轮组传动比直接放大n倍，满足高速 分闸要求，有效降低操作功，触头传动装置2的通用性提高。
另一方面，通过该双动传动结构实现了分合闸运动时动、静弧触头198反向运动，利用拉杆28的曲线槽281的形状与第一齿条291的共同作用，再结合齿轮组的大小齿轮齿数比设计，能够简单稳定的实现高速分闸运动，降低断路器制造成本。通过齿轮组具有放大静弧触头198分闸速度的功能，可有效减小触头传动装置2的径向尺寸，有利于断路器尺寸小型化。
为了提高使用安全性，优选，触头传动装置2的外侧设有防护罩。
断路器做分合闸运动时，由断路器机构提供动力，驱动主动组件做分合闸运动，继而带触头传动装置2运动，然后触头传动装置2件再驱动从动侧连接件3沿主动侧第二连接件14反方向运动，从而实现了双动运动。
为了提高传动稳定性，优选，导向板29上设有用于对从动组件导向的从动导向槽。
本发明提供的断路器还包括自能式灭弧室的膨胀室装置，如图35所示，具体包括活塞197、活塞杆18和膨胀室192，膨胀室192安装在活塞杆18外侧，用于自能式灭弧室。
活塞杆18上设有能够与膨胀室192连通的第一逆止阀193，当活塞杆18的内腔气压大于膨胀室192气压时，第一逆止阀193打开，活塞杆18上设有泄压孔181，当活塞杆18位于封闭状态时，泄压孔181位于关闭状态，当活塞杆18处于打开状态时，泄压孔181位于打开状态，其中，泄压孔181的开闭可以通过阀门控制。当泄压孔181位于打开状态时，第一逆止阀193位于关闭状态。为了便于活塞杆18顺利移动，优选，活塞杆18的外表面为圆柱体结构。具体的，第一逆止阀193可以为一个、两个或多个等，当第一逆止阀193为两个时，优选，两个第一逆止阀193分布在活塞杆18的上下两侧。当第一逆止阀193为一个时，优选，第一逆止阀193位于活塞杆18的正上方。
当活塞杆18位于封闭状态时，泄压孔181处于关闭状态，当活塞杆18内热量增压，活塞杆18内气压增大，直至活塞杆18内气压大于膨胀室192内气压，第一逆止阀193打开，活塞杆18内热气体通过第一逆止阀193进入膨胀室192，膨胀室192气压增高。当活塞杆18向远离静弧触头198方向运动时，在动弧触头与静弧触头198分离后，在动、静弧触头之间产生电弧，活塞杆18处于打开状态，泄压孔181打开，第一逆止阀193关闭，膨胀室192向电弧位置完成泄压。其中，泄压孔181的打开时 间可以通过计算得出，设计活塞杆18上泄压孔181打开的时间，进而能更充分的利用电弧阻塞现象为膨胀室192加压。
通过在活塞杆18上设有能够将活塞杆18内热气体输送至膨胀室192的第一逆止阀193，在开断短路故障大电流时，除了喷口吼道的气流可以增加膨胀室192压力外，活塞杆18内的气体也可以用来增加膨胀室192压力，进而使得膨胀室192内的气体快速增加，效提高膨胀室192建立压力的效率，提高灭弧室4开断性能，减少操作功，进而灭弧性能提高。
进一步，该膨胀室装置还包括压气室191及设置在压气室191上，且与外界连通的减压装置，压气室191通过第二逆止阀194与膨胀室192连接，当膨胀室192气压小于压气室191气压时，第二逆止阀194打开。具体的，减压装置包括泄压阀196和第三逆止阀195。
为了便于拆装膨胀室装置，优选，压气室191和膨胀室192均套设在活塞杆18的外侧，活塞197与压气室191密封连接，活塞197和膨胀室192位于压气室191相对两侧。具体的，膨胀室192和压气室191可以为独立的腔室，两者之间通过通道连接，第二逆止阀194可以设置在通道内。
优选的，活塞杆18为一个，活塞杆18的轴线、压气室191的中心线盒膨胀室192的中心线重合。由于活塞杆18的轴线、压气室191的中心线和膨胀室192的中心线重合，使得压气室191和膨胀室192内气压整体分布较为均匀，进一步提高了自能式灭弧室的使用性能。
优选的，压气室191与膨胀室192相邻，且压气室191和膨胀室192通过间隔板分隔，第二逆止阀194安装在间隔板上。由于压气室191和膨胀室192相邻设置，便于整体布置膨胀室装置，缩小整体占用面积。
更为优选的，间隔板与压气室191为一体成型结构，膨胀室192侧壁设有与间隔板和压气室191外壁密封连接的限位台阶。由于间隔板与压气室191为一体成型结构，便于加工及组装膨胀室装置，同时膨胀室192侧壁设有限位台阶，便于膨胀室192与压气室191侧壁密封连接。
为了便于调节泄压孔181排气情况及加工泄压孔181，优选，泄压孔181为条形孔，优选为腰型孔。
考虑到活塞杆18整体强度及保证活塞杆18顺利泄压，优选，泄压孔181为两个，两个泄压孔181相对布置在活塞杆18的相对两侧。
在上述各方案的基础上，优选，如图37所示，当活塞杆18位于封闭状态时，泄压孔181与活塞197的内表面密封贴合；当活塞杆18处于打开状态时，泄压孔181位于活塞197外侧。通过活塞杆18或活塞197侧壁贴合，实现泄压孔181密封，避免单独设置阀体密封的情况，且通过调节活塞杆18为位置即可实现泄压孔181开闭调节，操作简单，可以灵活设置膨胀室192建压时间。
其中，上述提及的第一逆止阀193、第二逆止阀194和第三逆止阀195工作时可以通过阀门自重或弹簧连接拉动实现阀门关闭，当然，第一逆止阀193、第二逆止阀194和第三逆止阀195的种类并不局限于上述情况。
优选，断路器还包括静主触头、动主触头、绝缘支撑筒，如图41所示，绝缘支撑筒包括中间绝缘支撑筒204及设置在中间绝缘支撑筒204两端的动侧金属支撑嵌件201和静侧金属支撑嵌件202，静主触头固定连接在静侧金属支撑嵌件202上，动主触头与动侧金属支撑嵌件201电连接，且动主触头与动侧金属支撑嵌件201滑动连接。优选的，动侧金属支撑嵌件201和静侧金属支撑嵌件202的屏蔽圆弧伸入在中间绝缘支撑筒204内部。具体的，静主触头可以通过焊接或粘接等方式固定连接在静侧金属支撑嵌件202上。
合闸时，动主触头的动弧主触头插入静主触头的静主触头结构中。
通过将静主触头安装在静侧金属支撑嵌件202，动主触头安装在动侧金属支撑嵌件201上，将断口支撑结构和导电回路复合设计，利用断口支撑的金属嵌件作为导电回路的一部分，进而省去静主触头和动主触头对应的支撑结构，缩小了断口触头装置的整体体积，进而实现断口触头装置的小型化设置。
如图40所示，具体的，为了便于组装断口触头装置，优选，动侧金属支撑嵌件201与动主触头的压气缸同轴设置。
优选的，动主触头的压气缸17通过弹簧触头206与动侧金属支撑嵌件201连接。工作时，通过动侧金属支撑嵌件201带动压气缸17运动，进而带动本申请的动弧主触头运动。
进一步，静侧金属支撑嵌件202内表面设有用于支撑静主触头的静侧触指的安装槽。通过在静侧金属支撑嵌件202内设置安装槽，不仅起到了断口支撑屏蔽的作用，还起了支撑静侧触指的作用。
为了便于加工绝缘支撑筒，优选，中间绝缘支撑筒204为圆柱形结构。
为了提高连接稳定性，优选，动侧金属支撑嵌件201和静侧金属支撑嵌件202 均为绕中间绝缘支撑筒204周向连接的环形结构，优选，中间绝缘支撑筒204的两端分别套设在动侧金属支撑嵌件201端部外侧和静侧金属支撑嵌件202端部外侧。
断路器还与静侧金属支撑嵌件202连接的静侧主触头支撑件。优选的，该断路器还包括罩设在动侧金属支撑嵌件201外侧的动侧屏蔽罩203。更为优选的，该断路器还包括罩设在静侧金属支撑嵌件202外侧的静侧屏蔽罩205。通过设置动侧屏蔽罩203和静侧屏蔽罩205，使得断路器可以应用于高电压等级。具体的，动侧屏蔽罩203和静侧屏蔽罩205为非磁性的金属结构，具体可以为铜结构或铝结构，为了减轻总体重量，优选，动侧屏蔽罩203和静侧屏蔽罩205为铝结构，并且实现了独立断口屏蔽。
本说明书中各个实施例采用递进的方式描述，每个实施例重点说明的都是与其他实施例的不同之处，各个实施例之间相同相似部分互相参见即可。
对所公开的实施例的上述说明，使本领域专业技术人员能够实现或使用本发明。对这些实施例的多种修改对本领域的专业技术人员来说将是显而易见的，本文中所定义的一般原理可以在不脱离本发明的精神或范围的情况下，在其它实施例中实现。因此，本发明将不会被限制于本文所示的这些实施例，而是要符合与本文所公开的原理和新颖特点相一致的最宽的范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种断路器，其特征在于，包括喷口(9)、主动侧第一连接件(13)、主动侧第二连接件(14)、绝缘连接件(10)、灭弧室安装支架(11)、绝缘拉杆(7)及安装在所述灭弧室安装支架(11)上，且用于将所述绝缘拉杆(7)的绝缘段与灭弧室(4)内腔隔离的防护板(8)，所述绝缘连接件(10)两端分别与所述主动侧第一连接件(13)和所述主动侧第二连接件(14)连接，所述绝缘连接件(10)内设有供所述喷口(9)安装的通孔状腔体，所述喷口(9)与所述绝缘连接件(10)通过所述主动侧第一连接件(13)和所述主动侧第二连接件(14)进行限位同轴固定，所述防护板(8)的端部与所述绝缘拉杆(7)侧壁滑动配合。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的断路器，其特征在于，还包括从动侧连接件(3)及用于将所述主动侧第二连接件(14)动力传送至所述从动侧连接件(3)的触头传动装置(2)；
    所述触头传动装置(2)包括连杆(21)、连接板(22)及连板传动组件，所述连杆(21)与所述主动侧第二连接件(14)连接，所述连板传动组件包括第一连板(24)及与所述第一连板(24)铰接的第二连板(25)，所述第一连板(24)上远离所述第二连板(25)的一端通过第一转动销(23)与所述连杆(21)铰接，所述第二连板(25)上远离所述第一连板(24)的一端通过第二转动销(26)与从动侧连接件(3)铰接，所述连接板(22)上设有供所述第一转动销(23)移动的第一导向孔(221)及供所述第二转动销(26)移动的第二导向孔(222)。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的断路器，其特征在于，所述连板传动组件还包括限位导向件(27)，所述限位导向件(27)与所述连接板(22)固定连接，所述第一连板(24)上设有能够与所述限位导向件(27)配合运动的导向滑槽(241)，所述限位导向件(27)位于所述第一连板(24)和所述第二连板(25)铰接点与所述第一转动销(23)之间，所述连接板(22)上设有用于容纳从动侧连接件(3)的第四导向孔(224)，所述第四导向孔(224)、所述第一导向孔(221)、所述第二导向孔(222)和第三导向孔(223)中心线平行设置。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的断路器，其特征在于，所述连板传动组件为两个，两个所述连板传动组件布置在所述连接板(22)的相对两侧，所述连杆(21)为两个，两个所述连杆(21)分别与两个所述第一连板(24对应。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的断路器，其特征在于，第一连板(24)与第一导向孔(221)的夹角为a；
    当分闸起始状态a角小于45°时，分闸时所述从动侧连接件(3)一端的从动弧触头(33)与所述主动侧第二连接件(14)先同向运动后反向运动；
    当分闸起始状态a角大于45°时，分闸时所述从动弧触头(33)与所述主动侧第二连接件(14)同时反向运动；
    所述第一连板(24)在转动过程中随a角改变，所述第一转动销(23)到达X点传动变比最大，其中X点为所述第一转动销(23)在所述第一导向孔(221)中运动到距离所述限位导向件(27)距离最短的位置，传动变比的公式为：
    Figure PCTCN2019108970-appb-100001
    其中n为变比，L为所述第一连板(24)长度，S为限位导向件(27)到X点的距离。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的断路器，其特征在于，还包括从动侧连接件(3)及用于将所述主动侧第二连接件(14)动力传送至所述从动侧连接件(3)的触头传动装置(2)，所述触头传动装置(2)包括：
    齿轮组，所述齿轮组包括同轴固定连接的第一齿轮(298)和第二齿轮(299)，所述第一齿轮(298)和所述第二齿轮(299)的齿数不同；
    导向板(29)，所述第一齿轮(298)和所述第二齿轮(299)均安装在所述导向板(29)上；
    拉杆导向销(296)；
    第一齿条(291)，所述拉杆导向销(296)安装在所述第一齿条(291)上，所述第一齿条(291)与所述第一齿轮(298)啮合；
    拉杆(28)，所述拉杆(28)上设有能够带动所述第一齿条(291)相对于所述拉杆(28)运动的曲线槽(281)，所述拉杆导向销(296)能够沿所述曲线槽(281)滑动；
    及与所述第二齿轮(299)啮合的第二齿条(292)，所述第二齿条(292)与所述拉杆(28)运动方向平行。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的断路器，其特征在于，所述拉杆(28)与所述主动侧第二连接件(14)连接，所述第二齿条(292)与所述从动侧连接件(3)连接，所述第一齿轮(298)的齿数小于所述第二齿轮(299)的齿数；
    当位于合闸位置时，所述拉杆导向销(296)位于所述曲线槽(281)上远离所述齿轮组的一端；
    当位于分闸位置时，所述拉杆导向销(296)位于所述曲线槽(281)上靠近所述齿轮组的一端。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的断路器，其特征在于，还包括膨胀室装置，所述膨胀室装置包括活塞(197)、活塞杆(18)和膨胀室(192)，所述膨胀室(192)安装在所 述活塞杆(18)外侧，所述活塞杆(18)上设有能够与所述膨胀室(192)连通的第一逆止阀(193)，当所述活塞杆(18)的内腔气压大于所述膨胀室(192)气压时，所述第一逆止阀(193)打开；
    所述活塞杆(18)上设有泄压孔(181)，当所述活塞杆(18)位于封闭状态时，所述泄压孔(181)位于关闭状态；当所述活塞杆(18)处于打开状态时，所述泄压孔(181)位于打开状态；当所述泄压孔(181)位于打开状态时，所述第一逆止阀(193)位于关闭状态。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的断路器，其特征在于，所述泄压孔(181)为两个，两个所述泄压孔(181)相对布置在所述活塞杆(18)的相对两侧，当所述活塞杆(18)位于封闭状态时，所述泄压孔(181)与所述活塞(197)的内表面密封贴合；当所述活塞杆(18)处于打开状态时，所述泄压孔(181)位于所述活塞(197)外侧。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的断路器，其特征在于，还包括静主触头、动主触头、绝缘支撑筒，所述绝缘支撑筒包括中间绝缘支撑筒(204)及设置在所述中间绝缘支撑筒(204)两端的动侧金属支撑嵌件(201)和静侧金属支撑嵌件(202)，所述静主触头固定连接在所述静侧金属支撑嵌件(202)上，所述动主触头与所述动侧金属支撑嵌件(201)电连接，且所述动主触头与所述动侧金属支撑嵌件(201)滑动连接。
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