WO2020073705A1 - 含陶瓷颗粒的铝锌镁铜合金及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents

含陶瓷颗粒的铝锌镁铜合金及其制备方法和应用 Download PDF

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WO2020073705A1
WO2020073705A1 PCT/CN2019/095728 CN2019095728W WO2020073705A1 WO 2020073705 A1 WO2020073705 A1 WO 2020073705A1 CN 2019095728 W CN2019095728 W CN 2019095728W WO 2020073705 A1 WO2020073705 A1 WO 2020073705A1
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aluminum
alkali metal
magnesium
zinc
ceramic particles
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French (fr)
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王浩伟
陈东
李险峰
王鹏举
马乃恒
谢薇
李宇罡
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Alumics Materials Instiutute Anhui Co Ltd
Anhui Xiangbang Composite Material Ltd Co
Shanghai Jiao Tong University
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Alumics Materials Instiutute Anhui Co Ltd
Anhui Xiangbang Composite Material Ltd Co
Shanghai Jiao Tong University
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/10—Alloys containing non-metals
    • C22C1/1036—Alloys containing non-metals starting from a melt
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/10—Alloys containing non-metals
    • C22C1/1036—Alloys containing non-metals starting from a melt
    • C22C1/1047—Alloys containing non-metals starting from a melt by mixing and casting liquid metal matrix composites
    • C22C1/1052—Alloys containing non-metals starting from a melt by mixing and casting liquid metal matrix composites by mixing and casting metal matrix composites with reaction
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
    • C22C21/10—Alloys based on aluminium with zinc as the next major constituent
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
    • C22C32/0047—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents
    • C22C32/0073—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents only borides

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an aluminum zinc magnesium copper alloy.
  • Lightweight and high-strength is the eternal theme in the aerospace field. Materials with high specific stiffness and specific strength can meet the mechanical performance requirements of structural parts while reducing weight. Currently, aluminum, zinc, magnesium and copper alloys are commonly used in the aerospace industry.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide an aluminum-zinc-magnesium-copper alloy containing ceramic particles and a preparation method and application thereof to overcome the defects in the prior art.
  • the aluminum-zinc-magnesium-copper alloy containing ceramic particles includes the following components in weight percentage:
  • the aluminum-zinc-magnesium-copper alloy containing ceramic particles includes the following components by weight:
  • the aluminum-zinc-magnesium-copper alloy containing ceramic particles includes the following components by weight:
  • the particle size of TiB 2 ceramic particles is 50 nanometers to 10 micrometers;
  • the preparation method of the aluminum-zinc-magnesium-copper alloy containing ceramic particles according to the present invention includes the following steps:
  • reaction salt is an alkali metal salt of fluoroboric acid and an alkali metal salt of fluorotitanate, and react at 800-1000 ° C for 0.5-3 hours to obtain the TiB 2 ceramic particle melt;
  • the alkali metal is one or more of lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, cesium or francium;
  • the weight ratio of the alkali metal fluoroborate to the alkali metal fluorotitanate is:
  • the particle size of the alkali metal salt of fluoroboric acid and alkali metal salt of fluorotitanate is 50 nanometers to 10 micrometers
  • step (1) In the melt of step (1), other compounds containing elements are added and smelted at 600-700 ° C to obtain the aluminum-zinc-magnesium-copper alloy containing ceramic particles. Traditional extrusion, Forging, rolling and other forming processes.
  • the other elements are the aluminum-zinc-magnesium-copper alloy containing ceramic particles, other elements than aluminum may be elemental, or compounds containing other elements, such as: MgZn 2 , CuAl 2 , Mg 2 Si , Al 2 CuMg, AlFeCuMn, Al 3 Zr, Al 2 Zn 3 Mg 3 , Al 18 Cr 2 Mn 3 .
  • the aluminum-zinc-magnesium-copper alloy containing ceramic particles obtained by the present invention has particles uniformly distributed in the grains and grain boundaries. While maintaining the elongation, the strength and modulus of the material can be greatly improved, and the modulus can reach 78GPa, available Used to prepare aerospace structural parts.
  • the beneficial effect of the present invention is: while maintaining the elongation, it has the characteristics of high strength and high modulus, and can meet the requirements for the use of aerospace structural parts.
  • reaction salt is an alkali metal salt of fluoroboric acid and an alkali metal salt of fluorotitanate
  • the TiB 2 ceramic particles can be obtained by reacting at 950 ° C for 2 hours Melt
  • the alkali metal is lithium
  • the weight ratio of alkali metal fluoroborate and alkali metal fluorotitanate is:
  • the particle size of the alkali metal fluoroborate and alkali metal fluorotitanate is 50 nanometers
  • step (1) In the melt of step (1), other compounds containing elements are added and smelted at 650 ° C to obtain the aluminum-zinc-magnesium-copper alloy containing ceramic particles;
  • the other elements or the compounds containing the other elements are: Mg 2 Si, Al 2 CuMg, AlFeCuMn, Al 3 Zr, Al 2 Zn 3 Mg 3 , Al 18 Cr 2 Mn 3 .
  • the alloy is cast into a round ingot with a diameter of 115 mm, and 4 holes are extruded into an aluminum rod with a diameter of 15 mm to obtain an aluminum zinc magnesium copper alloy profile containing ceramic particles.
  • the relevant mechanical properties of this profile under T6 treatment are as follows:
  • reaction salt is an alkali metal salt of fluoroboric acid and an alkali metal salt of fluorotitanate
  • the TiB 2 ceramic particles can be obtained by reacting at 900 ° C for 2.5 hours Melt
  • the alkali metal is potassium
  • the weight ratio of alkali metal fluoroborate and alkali metal fluorotitanate is:
  • the particle size of the alkali metal fluoroborate and alkali metal fluorotitanate is 10 microns
  • step (1) In the melt of step (1), other compounds containing elements are added and smelted at 680 ° C to obtain the aluminum-zinc-magnesium-copper alloy containing ceramic particles;
  • the alloy is cast into a round ingot with a diameter of 115 mm, and 4 holes are extruded into an aluminum rod with a diameter of 15 mm to obtain an aluminum zinc magnesium copper alloy rod containing ceramic particles.
  • the mechanical properties of the bar under T6 treatment are as follows:
  • reaction salt is an alkali metal salt of fluoroboric acid and an alkali metal salt of fluorotitanate, and react at 850 ° C for 1 hour to obtain the TiB2 ceramic particles body;
  • the alkali metal is rubidium
  • the weight ratio of alkali metal fluoroborate and alkali metal fluorotitanate is:
  • the particle size of the alkali metal fluoroborate and alkali metal fluorotitanate is 200 nm;
  • step (1) In the melt of step (1), other compounds containing elements are added and smelted at 600 ° C to obtain the aluminum-zinc-magnesium-copper alloy containing ceramic particles;
  • the other elements or the compounds containing other elements are: MgZn 2 , CuAl 2 , Mg 2 Si, AlFeCuMn, Al 3 Zr, Al 18 Cr 2 Mn 3 .
  • the alloy is cast into a round ingot with a diameter of 115 mm, and 4 holes are extruded into an aluminum rod with a diameter of 15 mm to obtain an aluminum zinc magnesium copper alloy rod containing ceramic particles.
  • the mechanical properties of the bar under T6 treatment are as follows: Mechanical properties:
  • reaction salt is an alkali metal salt of fluoroboric acid and an alkali metal salt of fluorotitanate. After reacting at 880 ° C for 2.5 hours, the TiB2 ceramic particle melt body;
  • the alkali metal is a mixture of potassium and sodium in a weight ratio of 1: 1;
  • the weight ratio of alkali metal fluoroborate and alkali metal fluorotitanate is:
  • the particle size of the alkali metal fluoroborate and alkali metal fluorotitanate is 200 nm;
  • step (1) In the melt of step (1), other compounds containing elements are added and smelted at 630 ° C to obtain the aluminum-zinc-magnesium-copper alloy containing ceramic particles;
  • the alloy is cast into a round ingot with a diameter of 115 mm, and 4 holes are extruded into an aluminum rod with a diameter of 15 mm to obtain an aluminum zinc magnesium copper alloy rod containing ceramic particles.
  • the mechanical properties of the bar under T6 treatment are as follows: Mechanical properties:

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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种含陶瓷颗粒的铝锌镁铜合金及其制备方法和应用，所述的含陶瓷颗粒的铝锌镁铜合金，包括如下重量百分比的组分：Zn 4.9～8.5％，Mg 1.8～3.0％，Cu 1.0～2.7％，Zr 0.02～0.3％，Cr 0.03～0.3％，Fe 0.01～0.4％，Si 0.01～0.3％，Mn 0.01～0.4％，TiB 2颗粒不超过20％，Al余量。本发明在保持延伸率的同时，兼具高强度和高模量的特性，能够满足航空航天结构件使用要求。

Description

含陶瓷颗粒的铝锌镁铜合金及其制备方法和应用 技术领域
本发明涉及一种铝锌镁铜合金。
背景技术
轻质高强是航空航天领域永恒的主题。高比刚度、比强度的材料可满足结构件力学性能要求的同时减轻重量。目前，航天航空领域常用铝锌镁铜合金。
但是，铝锌镁铜合金的强度提升已渐至瓶颈，模量稳定在72GPa左右，而以铝锌镁铜合金为基体的复合材料，又面临着塑性低的技术隐患。
因此，亟待开发一种含陶瓷颗粒的铝锌镁铜合金，在保持延伸率的同时，兼具高强度和高模量的特性，满足航空航天结构件使用要求。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种含陶瓷颗粒的铝锌镁铜合金及其制备方法和应用，以克服现有技术存在的缺陷。
所述的含陶瓷颗粒的铝锌镁铜合金，包括如下重量百分比的组分：
Figure PCTCN2019095728-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2019095728-appb-000002
优选的，所述的含陶瓷颗粒的铝锌镁铜合金，包括如下重量百分比的组分：
Figure PCTCN2019095728-appb-000003
最优选的，所述的含陶瓷颗粒的铝锌镁铜合金，包括如下重量百分比的组分：
Figure PCTCN2019095728-appb-000004
Figure PCTCN2019095728-appb-000005
其中，TiB 2陶瓷颗粒的粒径为50纳米～10微米；
本发明所述的含陶瓷颗粒的铝锌镁铜合金的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
(1)将铝熔融后，加入反应盐，所述的反应盐为氟硼酸碱金属盐和氟钛酸碱金属盐，在800-1000℃下反应0.5-3小时，即可获得所述的TiB 2陶瓷颗粒熔体；
优选的，所述的碱金属为锂、钠、钾、铷、铯或钫中的一种或以上；
优选的，氟硼酸碱金属盐和氟钛酸碱金属盐的重量比为：
氟硼酸碱金属盐∶氟钛酸碱金属盐＝1∶0.5-3；
优选的，所述的氟硼酸碱金属盐和氟钛酸碱金属盐的粒径为50纳米～10微米
(2)在步骤(1)的熔体中，加入其他含有元素的化合物， 600-700℃熔炼，即可获得所述的含陶瓷颗粒的铝锌镁铜合金，后续可进行传统的挤压、锻造、轧制等成型加工。
所述的其他元素为所述的含陶瓷颗粒的铝锌镁铜合金中，除铝以外的其他元素，可以为单质，或者为含有其他元素的化合物，如：MgZn 2、CuAl 2、Mg 2Si、Al 2CuMg、AlFeCuMn、Al 3Zr、Al 2Zn 3Mg 3、Al 18Cr 2Mn 3。
本发明获得的含陶瓷颗粒的铝锌镁铜合金，颗粒均匀分布在晶内和晶界，在保持延伸率的同时，可较大程度提高材料的强度和模量，模量可达到78GPa，可用于制备航空航天结构件。
本发明的有益效果是：在保持延伸率的同时，兼具高强度和高模量的特性，能够满足航空航天结构件使用要求。
具体实施方式
以下对本发明的实施例作详细说明，本实施例在以本发明技术方案为前提下进行实施，给出了详细的实施方式和具体的操作过程，但本发明的保护范围不限于下述的实施例。
实施例中，机械力学性能，采用ASTM E8标准规定的方法进行检测。
实施例1
成分：(重量百分比)
Zn 8
Mg 2.7
Cu 2.5
Zr 0.2
Cr 0.15
Fe 0.3
Si 0.2
Mn 0.4
TiB 2颗粒 6
Al 余量
制备方法：
(1)将铝熔融后，加入反应盐，所述的反应盐为氟硼酸碱金属盐和氟钛酸碱金属盐，在950℃下反应2小时，即可获得所述的TiB 2陶瓷颗粒熔体；
所述的碱金属为锂
氟硼酸碱金属盐和氟钛酸碱金属盐的重量比为：
氟硼酸碱金属盐∶氟钛酸碱金属盐＝1∶1.5；
所述的氟硼酸碱金属盐和氟钛酸碱金属盐的粒径为50纳米；
(3)在步骤(1)的熔体中，加入其他含有元素的化合物，650℃熔炼，即可获得所述的含陶瓷颗粒的铝锌镁铜合金；
所述的其他元素或者含有其他元素的化合物为：Mg 2Si、Al 2CuMg、AlFeCuMn、Al 3Zr、Al 2Zn 3Mg 3、Al 18Cr 2Mn 3。
将该合金浇铸成直径115mm的圆锭，采用4孔挤压成直径为15mm的铝棒，即可获得含陶瓷颗粒的铝锌镁铜合金型材。该型材在T6处理态下、相关力学性能如下表：
Figure PCTCN2019095728-appb-000006
实施例2
成分：(重量百分比)
Zn 6.7
Mg 2.5
Cu 1.8
Zr 0.15
Cr 0.1
Fe 0.2
Si 0.15
Mn 0.15
TiB 2颗粒 4
Al 余量
制备方法：
(1)将铝熔融后，加入反应盐，所述的反应盐为氟硼酸碱金属盐和氟钛酸碱金属盐，在900℃下反应2.5小时，即可获得所述的TiB 2陶瓷颗粒熔体；
所述的碱金属为钾；
氟硼酸碱金属盐和氟钛酸碱金属盐的重量比为：
氟硼酸碱金属盐∶氟钛酸碱金属盐＝1∶2；
所述的氟硼酸碱金属盐和氟钛酸碱金属盐的粒径为10微米；
(2)在步骤(1)的熔体中，加入其他含有元素的化合物，680℃熔炼，即可获得所述的含陶瓷颗粒的铝锌镁铜合金；
其他同实施例1。
将该合金浇铸成直径115mm的圆锭，采用4孔挤压成直径为15mm的铝棒，即可获得含陶瓷颗粒的铝锌镁铜合金棒材。该棒材在T6处理态下、相关力学性能如下表：
材料在T6处理态下、相关性能应符合下表之规定，力学性能：
Figure PCTCN2019095728-appb-000007
实施例3
成分：(重量百分比)
Zn 6
Mg 2.3
Cu 2.1
Zr 0.1
Cr 0.03
Fe 0.03
Si 0.02
Mn 0.08
TiB 2颗粒 9
Al 余量
制备方法：
(1)将铝熔融后，加入反应盐，所述的反应盐为氟硼酸碱金属盐和氟钛酸碱金属盐，在850℃下反应1小时，即可获得所述的TiB2陶瓷颗粒熔体；
所述的碱金属为铷；
氟硼酸碱金属盐和氟钛酸碱金属盐的重量比为：
氟硼酸碱金属盐∶氟钛酸碱金属盐＝1∶0.5；
所述的氟硼酸碱金属盐和氟钛酸碱金属盐的粒径为200纳米；
(3)在步骤(1)的熔体中，加入其他含有元素的化合物，600℃熔炼，即可获得所述的含陶瓷颗粒的铝锌镁铜合金；
所述的其他元素或者含有其他元素的化合物为：MgZn 2、CuAl 2、Mg 2Si、AlFeCuMn、Al 3Zr、Al 18Cr 2Mn 3。
将该合金浇铸成直径115mm的圆锭，采用4孔挤压成直径为15mm的铝棒，即可获得含陶瓷颗粒的铝锌镁铜合金棒材。该棒材在T6处理态下、相关力学性能如下表：力学性能：
Figure PCTCN2019095728-appb-000008
实施例4
成分：(重量百分比)
Zn 6.1
Mg 2.4
Cu 2.2
Zr 0.15
Cr 0.03
Fe 0.03
Si 0.02
Mn 0.04
TiB2颗粒 15
Al 余量
制备方法：
(1)将铝熔融后，加入反应盐，所述的反应盐为氟硼酸碱金属盐和氟钛酸碱金属盐，在880℃下反应2.5小时，即可获得所述的TiB2陶瓷颗粒熔体；
所述的碱金属为钾和钠的混合物，重量比为1∶1；
氟硼酸碱金属盐和氟钛酸碱金属盐的重量比为：
氟硼酸碱金属盐∶氟钛酸碱金属盐＝1∶2；
所述的氟硼酸碱金属盐和氟钛酸碱金属盐的粒径为200纳米；
(2)在步骤(1)的熔体中，加入其他含有元素的化合物，630℃熔炼，即可获得所述的含陶瓷颗粒的铝锌镁铜合金；
其他同实施例1。
将该合金浇铸成直径115mm的圆锭，采用4孔挤压成直径为15mm的铝棒，即可获得含陶瓷颗粒的铝锌镁铜合金棒材。该棒材在T6处理态下、相关力学性能如下表：力学性能：
Figure PCTCN2019095728-appb-000009

Claims (10)

  1. 含陶瓷颗粒的铝锌镁铜合金，其特征在于，包括如下重量百分比的组分：
    Figure PCTCN2019095728-appb-100001
  2. 含陶瓷颗粒的铝锌镁铜合金，其特征在于，包括如下重量百分比的组分：
    Figure PCTCN2019095728-appb-100002
    Figure PCTCN2019095728-appb-100003
  3. 含陶瓷颗粒的铝锌镁铜合金，其特征在于，包括如下重量百分比的组分：
    Figure PCTCN2019095728-appb-100004
  4. 根据权利要求1、2或3所述的含陶瓷颗粒的铝锌镁铜合金，其特征在于，TiB 2陶瓷颗粒的粒径为50纳米～10微米。
  5. 根据权利要求1～4任一项所述的含陶瓷颗粒的铝锌镁铜合金的制备方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：
    (1)将铝熔融后，加入反应盐，所述的反应盐为氟硼酸碱金属盐和氟钛酸碱金属盐，反应，即可获得所述的TiB 2陶瓷颗粒熔体；
    (2)在步骤(1)的熔体中，加入其他含有元素的化合物，600-700℃熔炼，即可获得所述的含陶瓷颗粒的铝锌镁铜合金。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的方法，其特征在于，步骤(1)中，在800-1000℃下反应0.5-3小时。
  7. 根据权利要求5所述的方法，其特征在于，所述的碱金属为锂、钠、钾、铷、铯或钫中的一种或以上。
  8. 根据权利要求5所述的方法，其特征在于，氟硼酸碱金属盐和氟钛酸碱金属盐的重量比为：氟硼酸碱金属盐∶氟钛酸碱金属盐＝1∶0.5-3。
  9. 根据权利要求5～8任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述的氟硼酸碱金属盐和氟钛酸碱金属盐的粒径为50纳米～10微米。
  10. 根据权利要求1～4任一项所述的含陶瓷颗粒的铝锌镁铜合金的应用，其特征在于，用于制备航空航天结构件。
PCT/CN2019/095728 2018-10-10 2019-07-12 含陶瓷颗粒的铝锌镁铜合金及其制备方法和应用 Ceased WO2020073705A1 (zh)

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