WO2020073418A1 - 一种输入过压保护电路及电源系统 - Google Patents
一种输入过压保护电路及电源系统 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2020073418A1 WO2020073418A1 PCT/CN2018/115476 CN2018115476W WO2020073418A1 WO 2020073418 A1 WO2020073418 A1 WO 2020073418A1 CN 2018115476 W CN2018115476 W CN 2018115476W WO 2020073418 A1 WO2020073418 A1 WO 2020073418A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
- H02H7/10—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers
- H02H7/12—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers for static converters or rectifiers
- H02H7/1213—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers for static converters or rectifiers for DC-DC converters
Definitions
- the invention relates to the technical field of power supply, in particular to an input overvoltage protection circuit and a power supply system.
- Power supply systems are commonly used in many electronic devices in order to provide electronic devices with power for proper operation.
- Power supply systems generally include electronic components such as rectifier bridges, controllers, transformers, power switches, resistors, diodes, and capacitors.
- the input voltage is the AC power output by the power grid.
- the power grid may output a voltage that exceeds the input voltage range of the power system (that is, the input voltage of the power system is in an overvoltage state).
- the electronic components inside the power system such as rectifier bridges
- the input voltage of the power system works in this overvoltage state for a long time, it will cause the internal components of the power system to be struck due to overvoltage Wear, which in turn damages the power system.
- the component is broken down to cause a short circuit, it will cause a very large current in the circuit. In severe cases, it may cause the component temperature to be too high and cause a fire to burn the power system, or even a fire.
- the object of the present invention is to provide an input overvoltage protection circuit and a power supply system, which can protect the power supply system under abnormal input conditions, prevent damage to the power supply system due to input overvoltage, and reduce the power supply system under abnormal input conditions The failure rate, thereby improving the reliability of the power system.
- the present invention provides an input overvoltage protection circuit suitable for a power supply system including a controller and a transformer;
- the input overvoltage protection circuit includes a second power supply unit, a voltage dividing unit and a switch Unit;
- the second power supply unit is electrically connected to the transformer and the switching unit, the second power supply unit receives a second auxiliary voltage output by the transformer according to the input voltage of the power supply system, and
- the second auxiliary voltage is greater than or equal to the preset voltage safety value
- the second power supply voltage is output to start the switching unit;
- the voltage dividing unit is electrically connected to the second power supply unit and the switching unit, respectively
- the second power supply voltage output by the second power supply unit is divided and input into the switch unit;
- the switch unit is electrically connected to the controller, and is used to output the second power supply voltage to the controller at startup ,
- the second power supply unit includes a third diode and a second capacitor; An anode of the third dio
- the present invention also provides an input overvoltage protection circuit, which is suitable for a power supply system.
- the power supply system includes a controller and a transformer;
- the input overvoltage protection circuit includes a second power supply unit, a voltage dividing unit, and A switching unit;
- the second power supply unit is electrically connected to the transformer and the switching unit, respectively, and the second power supply unit receives a second auxiliary voltage output by the transformer according to the input voltage of the power supply system, and
- the second auxiliary voltage is greater than or equal to the preset voltage safety value
- the second power supply voltage is output to start the switching unit;
- the voltage dividing unit is electrically connected to the second power supply unit and the switching unit, respectively
- the second power supply voltage output by the second power supply unit is divided and input to the switch unit;
- the switch unit is electrically connected to the controller, and is used to output the second power supply voltage to the control at startup To trigger over-voltage protection of the controller and shut down the controller.
- the present invention also provides a power supply system, including a rectification and filtering unit, a controller, a transformer, a first power supply unit, a power switching tube, and an output unit; the transformer is electrically connected to the rectification and filtering unit, the The transformer includes a primary winding, a secondary winding, and a first auxiliary winding, the primary winding is electrically connected to the power switch, the secondary winding is electrically connected to the output unit, and the first auxiliary winding is electrically connected to the first power supply Unit; the first power supply unit receives a first auxiliary voltage output from the first auxiliary winding and outputs the first power supply voltage to the controller; the controller is further electrically connected to the power switch; the power supply
- the system further includes an input overvoltage protection circuit, the transformer further includes a second auxiliary winding, the second auxiliary winding and the primary winding are end windings of the same name; the input overvoltage protection circuit is electrically connected to the second auxiliary Winding to receive the second
- the input overvoltage protection circuit and power supply system of the present invention can protect the power supply system under abnormal input conditions, prevent damage to the power supply system due to input overvoltage, and greatly reduce the failure rate of the power supply system under abnormal input conditions, thereby Improve the reliability of the power supply system.
- FIG. 1 the architecture diagram of the input overvoltage protection circuit of the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of an embodiment of the input overvoltage protection circuit of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 a circuit diagram of an embodiment of the power supply system of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a working flowchart of an embodiment of the power supply system of the present invention.
- the first feature “above” or “below” the second feature may include the first and second features in direct contact, or may include the first and second features Contact not directly but through other features between them.
- the first feature is “above”, “above” and “above” the second feature includes that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature.
- the first feature is “below”, “below” and “below” the second feature includes that the first feature is directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is less horizontal than the second feature.
- the input overvoltage protection circuit of the invention receives the second auxiliary voltage generated by the second auxiliary winding added in the transformer winding of the power supply system, and outputs the second supply voltage when the second auxiliary voltage is greater than or equal to the preset voltage safety value
- the overvoltage protection of the controller is triggered and the controller is turned off. The controller stops working, and the power supply system has no output to prevent damage to the power supply system due to input overvoltage.
- the input overvoltage protection circuit works, causing the controller to stop Work, the power system has no output, greatly reducing the failure rate of the power system under abnormal input conditions, thereby improving the reliability of the power system.
- the input overvoltage protection circuit 10 is suitable for a power supply system.
- the power supply system includes a controller 12 and a transformer T1.
- the input overvoltage protection circuit 10 includes a second power supply unit 101, a voltage dividing unit 102, and a switch unit 103; the second power supply unit 101 is electrically connected to the transformer T1 and the switch unit 103, respectively, and the second power supply unit 101 Receiving a second auxiliary voltage U3 output by the transformer T1 according to the input voltage of the power supply system, and when the second auxiliary voltage U3 is greater than or equal to a preset voltage safety value U0, outputting a second power supply voltage to start
- the voltage dividing unit 102 is electrically connected to the second power supply unit 101 and the switch unit 103, respectively, for dividing the second power supply voltage output by the second power supply unit 101 and inputting
- the switch unit 103; the switch unit 103 is electrically connected to the controller 12, for outputting
- the second power supply unit 101 includes a third diode D8 and a second capacitor C8.
- the anode of the third diode D8 is electrically connected to a second auxiliary winding n3 of the transformer T1 to receive the second auxiliary voltage U3, and the cathode thereof is electrically connected to the switching unit 103 and is grounded through the second capacitor C8 (GND).
- the capacitance of the second capacitor C8 is 10 ⁇ F.
- the second auxiliary winding n3 and the primary winding n1 (not shown in the figure) of the transformer T1 are end windings of the same name, and the preset voltage safety value can be flexibly set by adjusting the number of turns of the second auxiliary winding n3.
- the voltage dividing unit 102 includes a first voltage dividing resistor R11 and a second voltage dividing resistor R15.
- the first end of the first voltage dividing resistor R11 is electrically connected to the second power supply unit 101, and the second end is electrically connected to the first end of the second voltage dividing resistor R15; the second end of the second voltage dividing resistor R15 is grounded; the first The common terminal C of the voltage dividing resistor R11 and the second voltage dividing resistor R15 is electrically connected to the switching unit 103.
- the resistance values of the first voltage dividing resistor R11 and the second voltage dividing resistor R15 are 39K and 1K, respectively.
- the preset voltage safety value can be flexibly set by adjusting the voltage dividing ratio of the first voltage dividing resistor R11 and the second voltage dividing resistor R15.
- the switching unit 103 includes a second transistor Q2, a third transistor Q3, and a fourth diode D9.
- the emitter of the second transistor Q2 is connected to the second power supply unit 101, its collector is electrically connected to the anode of the fourth diode D9, and its base is connected to the collector of the third transistor Q3.
- the cathode of the fourth diode D9 is electrically connected to the VCC power supply terminal of the controller 12.
- the emitter of the third transistor Q3 is grounded, and its base is coupled to the voltage dividing unit 102.
- the second power supply unit 101 When the second auxiliary voltage U3 is greater than or equal to the preset voltage safety value U0, the second power supply unit 101 outputs the second power supply voltage to control the second transistor Q2, the third transistor Q3, and the fourth diode D9 to conduct To output the second power supply voltage to the VCC power supply terminal of the controller 12, thereby causing the overvoltage protection of the controller 12 and turning off the controller 12.
- the controller 12 stops working, and the power system has no output to prevent damage to the power system due to input overvoltage.
- the second transistor Q2 is a PNP-type crystal transistor
- the third transistor Q3 is an NPN-type crystal transistor.
- the emitter of the second transistor Q2 is further electrically connected to the second power supply unit 101 through a second resistor R8, and its collector is further electrically connected to its own base through a third resistor R9, and its base It is further electrically connected to the collector of the third transistor Q3 through a fourth resistor R12.
- the base of the third transistor Q3 is further electrically connected to the voltage dividing unit 103 through a fifth resistor R13 (specifically, electrically connected to the common terminal C of the first voltage dividing resistor R11 and the second voltage dividing resistor R15) And grounded through a third capacitor C7.
- the resistances of the second resistor R8, the third resistor R9, the fourth resistor R12, and the fifth resistor R13 are 4.7R, 1K, 1K, and 1K, respectively; the capacitance of the third capacitor C7 is 1 ⁇ F.
- the input overvoltage protection circuit of the present invention can protect the power supply system under abnormal input conditions, prevent damage to the power supply system due to input overvoltage, and greatly reduce the failure rate of the power supply system under abnormal input conditions, thereby improving the power supply system Reliability.
- the power supply system includes a rectifying and filtering unit 31, a controller 32, a transformer T1, a first power supply unit 33, a power switch Q1, and an output unit 34.
- the transformer T1 is electrically connected to the rectifying and filtering unit 31, the transformer T1 includes a primary winding n1, a secondary winding n4, and a first auxiliary winding n2, the primary winding n1 is electrically connected to the power switch Q1, the secondary The winding n4 is electrically connected to the output unit 34, and the first auxiliary winding n2 is electrically connected to the first power supply unit 33; the first power supply unit 33 receives a first auxiliary voltage U2 output from the first auxiliary winding n2, and The first supply voltage is output to the controller 32; the controller 32 is further electrically connected to the power switch Q1.
- the power supply system further includes an input overvoltage protection circuit 35, the transformer T1 further includes a second auxiliary winding n3, and the second auxiliary winding n3 and the primary winding n1 are end windings of the same name.
- the input overvoltage protection circuit 35 is electrically connected to the second auxiliary winding n3 to receive the second auxiliary voltage U3, and outputs the second when the second auxiliary voltage U3 is greater than or equal to a preset voltage safety value U0 Supplying voltage to the controller 32 causes over-voltage protection of the controller 32 and turns off the controller 32.
- the controller 32 stops working, and the power system has no output to prevent damage to the power system due to input overvoltage.
- the preset voltage safety value can be flexibly set by adjusting the number of turns of the second auxiliary winding n3, or by adjusting the voltage dividing ratio of the first voltage dividing resistor R11 and the second voltage dividing resistor R15.
- the input overvoltage protection circuit 35 adopts the above-mentioned input overvoltage protection circuit of the present invention, specifically referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the structure and function of the input overvoltage protection circuit are not repeated here description.
- the controller uses a PWM (Pulse Width Modulation, Pulse Width Modulation) control chip (PWM IC).
- PWM Pulse Width Modulation, Pulse Width Modulation
- the peripheral circuit of the PWM IC includes resistors R1 (1.2M), R2 (1.2M), and a capacitor C5 (1nF). C6 (10 ⁇ F), DC current transmission meter IC1B (3, 4 terminal access) and voltage regulator ZD1 (stabilized voltage 30V), the connection method of the component is the conventional setting in the field, and will not be repeated here.
- the rectifying and filtering unit 31 includes a rectifying bridge composed of four diodes D1, D3-D5 and a filtering capacitor C2 (100 ⁇ F / 450V).
- the connection method of the components is conventionally set in the art, and will not be described here.
- the drain of the power switch Q1 (10N60) is electrically connected to the primary winding n1, the source is grounded through a resistor R6 (1.2R), and the gate is electrically connected to the Gate port of the PWM IC.
- the first power supply unit 33 includes a first diode D6, a second diode D7, and a first capacitor C3 (10 ⁇ F).
- the first diode D6, the anode is electrically connected to the first auxiliary winding n2 of the transformer T1 to receive the first auxiliary voltage U23, and the cathode is electrically connected to the anode of the second diode D7 through a resistor R4 (10R) while passing The first capacitor C3 is grounded.
- the cathode of the second diode D7 is electrically connected to the VCC power supply terminal of the PWM IC.
- the output unit 34 includes a diode D2, capacitors C1 (220 ⁇ F), C4 (0.1 ⁇ F), resistors R3 (1K), R7 (1K), R5 (18K), R10 (10K), R14 (4.64K) , DC current transmission table IC1B (1, 2 terminal access) and transistor Q11 (AZ431), the connection method of the component is the conventional setting in the field, and will not be repeated here.
- the IC works normally under the power supply of the n2 winding, the diodes D6 and D7 are turned on, and the power system output voltage V0.
- the power supply system of the present invention can protect the power supply system under abnormal input conditions by adding an auxiliary winding n3 to the transformer windings and adding input overvoltage protection circuits and power supply systems, to prevent damage to the power supply system due to input overvoltage. Greatly reduces the failure rate of the power supply system under abnormal input conditions, thereby improving the reliability of the power supply system.
- the preset voltage safety value of the input overvoltage protection can be flexibly set.
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Abstract
本发明揭露一种输入过压保护电路及电源系统,可针对电源系统在异常输入条件下进行保护,防止由于输入过压对电源系统造成的损坏,大大降低了电源系统在异常输入条件下的故障率,从而提高电源系统的可靠性。
Description
本发明涉及电源技术领域,尤其涉及一种输入过压保护电路及电源系统。
电源系统通常用在许多电子设备中,以便为电子设备提供进行适当操作的电力。电源系统一般包括整流桥、控制器、变压器、功率开关、电阻器、二极管以及电容器等电子元件。
对于交流/直流(AC/DC)电源系统,其输入电压为电网输出的交流电。而电网在异常情况下(比如雷电天气),可能会输出一个超过电源系统的输入电压范围的电压(即,电源系统的输入电压处于过压状态)。由于电源系统内部的电子元件(如,整流桥等)都有一定的耐压范围,若电源系统的输入电压长时间工作在这种过压状态下,会导致电源系统内部元件因过压被击穿,进而损坏电源系统。若元件被击穿造成短路,会使得电路中产生非常大的电流,严重时可能会导致元件温度过高而起火烧毁电源系统,甚至发生火灾。
因此,降低电源系统在异常输入条件下的故障率,从而提高电源系统的可靠性,成为亟待解决的技术问题。
本发明的目的在于,提供一种输入过压保护电路及电源系统,可针对电源系统在异常输入条件下进行保护,防止由于输入过压对电源系统造成的损坏,降低电源系统在异常输入条件下的故障率,从而提高电源系统的可靠性。
为实现上述目的,本发明提供了一种输入过压保护电路,适用于电源系统,所述电源系统包括控制器以及变压器;所述输入过压保护电路包括第二供电单元、分压单元以及开关单元;所述第二供电单元分别电连接所述变压器以及所述开关单元,所述第二供电单元接收由所述变压器根据所述电源系统的输入电压而输出的一第二辅助电压,并在所述第二辅助电压大于等于预设电压安全值时,输出第二供电电压启动所述开关单元;所述分压单元分别电连接所述第二供电单元以及所述开关单元,用于对所述第二供电单元输出的第二供电电压进行分压后输入所述开关单元;所述开关单元电连接至所述控制器,用于在启动时输出所述第二供电电压至所述控制器,以引发所述控制器的过压保护而关闭所述控制器;所述第二供电单元包括第三二极管以及第二电容;所述第三二极管的阳极电连接至所述变压器的一第二辅助绕组以接收所述第二辅助电压,而其阴极电连接所述开关单元、并通过所述第二电容接地;所述开关单元包括第二三极管、第三三极管和第四二极管;所述第二三极管的发射极藕接至所述第二供电单元,其集电极电连接所述第四二极管的阳极,而其基极藕接至所述第三三极管的集电极;所述第四二极管的阴极电连接至所述控制器的VCC供电端;所述第三三极管的发射极接地,其基极藕接至所述分压单元;在所述第二辅助电压大于等于所述预设电压安全值时,所述第二供电单元输出第二供电电压,控制所述第二三极管、所述第三三极管和所述第四二极管导通,以输出所述第二供电电压至所述控制器的VCC供电端,从而引发所述控制器的过压保护而关闭所述控制器。
为实现上述目的,本发明还提供了一种输入过压保护电路,适用于电源系统,所述电源系统包括控制器以及变压器;所述输入过压保护电路包括第二供电单元、分压单元以及开关单元;所述第二供电单元分别电连接所述变压器以及所述开关单元,所述第二供电单元接收由所述变压器根据所述电源系统的输入电压而输出的一第二辅助电压,并在所述第二辅助电压大于等于预设电压安全值时,输出第二供电电压启动所述开关单元;所述分压单元分别电连接所述第二供电单元以及所述开关单元,用于对所述第二供电单元输出的第二供电电压进行分压后输入所述开关单元;所述开关单元电连接至所述控制器,用于在启动时输出所述第二供电电压至所述控制器,以引发所述控制器的过压保护而关闭所述控制器。
为实现上述目的,本发明还提供了一种电源系统,包括整流滤波单元、控制器、变压器、第一供电单元、功率开关管以及输出单元;所述变压器电连接所述整流滤波单元,所述变压器包括初级绕组、次级绕组以及第一辅助绕组,所述初级绕组电连接所述功率开关,所述次级绕组电连接所述输出单元,所述第一辅助绕组电连接所述第一供电单元;所述第一供电单元接收所述第一辅助绕组输出的一第一辅助电压,并输出第一供电电压至所述控制器;所述控制器进一步电连接所述功率开关;所述电源系统进一步包括输入过压保护电路,所述变压器进一步包括第二辅助绕组,所述第二辅助绕组与所述初级绕组为同名端绕组;所述输入过压保护电路电连接至所述第二辅助绕组以接收所述第二辅助电压,并在所述第二辅助电压大于等于预设电压安全值时,输出第二供电电压至所述控制器,引发所述控制器的过压保护而关闭所述控制器。
本发明输入过压保护电路及电源系统,可针对电源系统在异常输入条件下进行保护,防止由于输入过压对电源系统造成的损坏,大大降低了电源系统在异常输入条件下的故障率,从而提高电源系统的可靠性。
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例中的技术方案,下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例,对于本领域技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1,本发明输入过压保护电路的架构图;
图2,本发明输入过压保护电路一实施例的电路图;
图3,本发明电源系统一实施例的电路图;
图4,本发明电源系统一实施例的工作流程图。
下面详细描述本发明的实施方式,所述实施方式的示例在附图中示出,其中自始至终相同或类似的标号表示相同或类似的元件或具有相同或类似功能的元件。下面通过参考附图描述的实施方式是示例性的,仅用于解释本发明,而不能理解为对本发明的限制。
在本发明中,除非另有明确的规定和限定,第一特征在第二特征之“上”或之“下”可以包括第一和第二特征直接接触,也可以包括第一和第二特征不是直接接触而是通过它们之间的另外的特征接触。而且,第一特征在第二特征“之上”、“上方”和“上面”包括第一特征在第二特征正上方和斜上方,或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度高于第二特征。第一特征在第二特征“之下”、“下方”和“下面”包括第一特征在第二特征正下方和斜下方,或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度小于第二特征。
下文的公开提供了许多不同的实施方式或例子用来实现本发明的不同结构。为了简化本发明的公开,下文中对特定例子的部件和设置进行描述。当然,它们仅仅为示例,并且目的不在于限制本发明。此外,本发明可以在不同例子中重复参考数字和/或参考字母,这种重复是为了简化和清楚的目的,其本身不指示所讨论各种实施方式和/或设置之间的关系。此外,本发明提供了的各种特定的工艺和材料的例子,但是本领域普通技术人员可以意识到其他工艺的应用和/或其他材料的使用。
本发明输入过压保护电路,通过接收电源系统的变压器绕组中增加的第二辅助绕组所产生的第二辅助电压,并在第二辅助电压大于等于预设电压安全值时,输出第二供电电压至电源系统的控制器,引发控制器的过压保护而关闭控制器,控制器停止工作,电源系统无输出,防止由于输入过压对电源系统造成损坏。也即,若电源系统的输入电压由于某种原因突然升高并超过所设定的电压安全值范围时(即电源系统在异常输入),所述的输入过压保护电路工作,使得控制器停止工作,电源系统无输出,大大降低电源系统在异常输入条件下的故障率,从而提高了电源系统的可靠性。
参考图1,本发明输入过压保护电路的架构图。所述的输入过压保护电路10,适用于电源系统,所述电源系统包括控制器12以及变压器T1。所述输入过压保护电路10包括第二供电单元101、分压单元102以及开关单元103;第二供电单元101分别电连接所述变压器T1以及所述开关单元103,所述第二供电单元101接收由所述变压器T1根据所述电源系统的输入电压而输出的一第二辅助电压U3,并在所述第二辅助电压U3大于等于预设电压安全值U0时,输出第二供电电压启动所述开关单元103;所述分压单元102分别电连接所述第二供电单元101以及所述开关单元103,用于对所述第二供电单元101输出的第二供电电压进行分压后输入所述开关单元103;所述开关单元103电连接至所述控制器12,用于在启动时输出所述第二供电电压至所述控制器12,以引发所述控制器12的过压保护而关闭所述控制器12。控制器12停止工作,电源系统无输出,防止由于输入过压对电源系统造成损坏。
参考图2,本发明输入过压保护电路一实施例的电路图。
在本实施例中,所述第二供电单元101包括第三二极管D8以及第二电容C8。第三二极管D8的阳极电连接至所述变压器T1的一第二辅助绕组n3以接收所述第二辅助电压U3,而其阴极电连接所述开关单元103、并通过第二电容C8接地(GND)。在本实施例中第二电容C8的容值为10μF。其中,第二辅助绕组n3与变压器T1的初级绕组n1(未示于图中)为同名端绕组,通过调节所述第二辅助绕组n3的匝数,可以灵活设置所述预设电压安全值。
在本实施例中,所述分压单元102包括第一分压电阻R11和第二分压电阻R15。第一分压电阻R11的第一端电连接第二供电单元101,而其第二端电连接第二分压电阻R15的第一端;第二分压电阻R15的第二端接地;第一分压电阻R11与所述第二分压电阻R15的公共端C电连接至开关单元103。在本实施例中第一分压电阻R11和第二分压电阻R15的阻值分别为39K以及1K。优选的,通过调节第一分压电阻R11与第二分压电阻R15的分压比,可以灵活设置所述预设电压安全值。
在本实施例中,所述开关单元103包括第二三极管Q2、第三三极管Q3和第四二极管D9。第二三极管Q2的发射极藕接至第二供电单元101,其集电极电连接第四二极管D9的阳极,而其基极藕接至第三三极管Q3的集电极。第四二极管D9的阴极电连接至控制器12的VCC供电端。第三三极管Q3的发射极接地,而其基极藕接至分压单元102。在第二辅助电压U3大于等于预设电压安全值U0时,第二供电单元101输出第二供电电压,控制第二三极管Q2、第三三极管Q3和第四二极管D9导通,以输出第二供电电压至控制器12的VCC供电端,从而引发控制器12的过压保护而关闭控制器12。控制器12停止工作,电源系统无输出,防止由于输入过压对电源系统造成损坏。在本实施例中第二三极管Q2为PNP型晶体三极管,第三三极管Q3为NPN型晶体三极管。
优选的,第二三极管Q2的发射极进一步通过一第二电阻R8电连接至第二供电单元101,其集电极进一步通过一第三电阻R9电连接至其自身的基极,其基极进一步通过一第四电阻R12电连接至第三三极管Q3的集电极。第三三极管Q3的基极进一步通过一第五电阻R13电连接至分压单元103(具体的,电连接至第一分压电阻R11与所述第二分压电阻R15的公共端C)、并通过一第三电容C7接地。在本实施例中,第二电阻R8、第三电阻R9、第四电阻R12和第五电阻R13的阻值分别为4.7R、1K、1K以及1K;第三电容C7的容值为1μF。
本发明输入过压保护电路,可针对电源系统在异常输入条件下进行保护,防止由于输入过压对电源系统造成的损坏,大大降低了电源系统在异常输入条件下的故障率,从而提高电源系统的可靠性。
参考图3,本发明电源系统一实施例的电路图。所述电源系统包括整流滤波单元31、控制器32、变压器T1、第一供电单元33、功率开关管Q1以及输出单元34。所述变压器T1电连接所述整流滤波单元31,所述变压器T1包括初级绕组n1、次级绕组n4以及第一辅助绕组n2,所述初级绕组n1电连接所述功率开关Q1,所述次级绕组n4电连接所述输出单元34,所述第一辅助绕组n2电连接所述第一供电单元33;所述第一供电单元33接收第一辅助绕组n2输出的一第一辅助电压U2,并输出第一供电电压至所述控制器32;所述控制器32进一步电连接所述功率开关Q1。所述电源系统进一步包括输入过压保护电路35,所述变压器T1进一步包括第二辅助绕组n3,所述第二辅助绕组n3与所述初级绕组n1为同名端绕组。所述输入过压保护电路35电连接至所述第二辅助绕组n3以接收所述第二辅助电压U3,并在所述第二辅助电压U3大于等于预设电压安全值U0时,输出第二供电电压至所述控制器32,引发所述控制器32的过压保护而关闭所述控制器32。控制器32停止工作,电源系统无输出,防止由于输入过压对电源系统造成损坏。
优选的,通过调节所述第二辅助绕组n3的匝数,或者通过调节第一分压电阻R11与第二分压电阻R15的分压比,可以灵活设置所述预设电压安全值。
优选的,所述输入过压保护电路35采用本发明上述的输入过压保护电路,具体参照图1、图2所示,此处不再对该输入过压保护电路的结构及功能进行重复性描述。
优选的,所述控制器采用PWM(Pulse Width Modulation,脉冲宽度调制)控制芯片(PWM IC),PWM IC的外围电路包括电阻R1(1.2M)、R2(1.2M),电容C5(1nF)、C6(10μF),直流电流变送表IC1B(3、4端子接入)以及稳压管ZD1(稳定电压30V),元件的连接方式为本领域内常规设置,此处不再赘述。
具体的,所述整流滤波单元31包括四个二极管D1、D3-D5组成的整流桥以及滤波电容C2(100μF/450V),元件的连接方式为本领域内常规设置,此处不再赘述。
具体的,所述功率开关Q1(10N60)漏极电连接至初级绕组n1,源极通过一电阻R6(1.2R)接地,栅极电连接至PWM IC的Gate端口。
具体的,所述第一供电单元33包括第一二极管D6、第二二极管D7以及第一电容C3(10μF)。第一二极管D6,阳极电连接至所述变压器T1的第一辅助绕组n2以接收第一辅助电压U23,阴极通过一电阻R4(10R)电连接第二二极管D7的阳极、同时通过第一电容C3接地。第二二极管D7的阴极电连接至PWM IC的VCC供电端。
具体的,所述输出单元34包括二极管D2,电容C1(220μF)、C4(0.1μF),电阻R3(1K)、R7(1K)、R5(18K)、R10(10K)、R14(4.64K)、直流电流变送表IC1B(1、2端子接入)以及三极管Q11(AZ431),元件的连接方式为本领域内常规设置,此处不再赘述。
电源系统正常工作时,电源系统的输入电压Uac经整流滤波后,在变压器T1的n1,n2,n3绕组端产生的电压分别为U1,U2,U3。由同名端绕组的匝数比与电压成正比的关系可知,N1/N3=U1/U3。此时n3绕组产生的电压U3=(N3*U1)/N1尚未达到三极管Q3导通的条件,则三极管Q3、Q2,二极管D9不导通,本发明输入过压保护电路不工作,此时PWM IC在n2绕组的供电下正常工作,二极管D6、D7导通,电源系统输出电压V0。
电源系统异常工作时,此时Uac增大,又由于U1=1.14*Uac,故U1增大,同理U3也增大,当U3大于等于预设电压安全值时,二极管D8导通,三极管Q3、Q2导通,二极管D9也导通。此时由于二极管D7两端中,B点电压高于A点电压,故二极管D7截止,本发明输入过压保护电路开始工作,PWM IC由n3绕组供电。由于此时给PWM IC 的VCC供电端(引脚)供电的电压U3超过VCC供电端的最大输入电压,而使PWM IC由于过压保护而停止工作,电源系统无输出。
本发明电源系统,通过在变压器绕组中增加一辅助绕组n3以及增加输入过压保护电路及电源系统,可针对电源系统在异常输入条件下进行保护,防止由于输入过压对电源系统造成的损坏,大大降低了电源系统在异常输入条件下的故障率,从而提高电源系统的可靠性。
请一并参考图3-4,其中,图4为本发明电源系统一实施例的工作流程图。假设Uac>=260V时,输入过压,以及初级绕组n1与第二辅助绕组n3的匝数比N1:N3=92:7。则当Uac=260V时,U1=368V,U3=(N3*U1)/N1=28V。因此,设定PWM IC的VCC供电端的过压保护电压(预设电压安全值)为28V。
正常工作情形:当输入电压Uac<260V时,即U1<368V;由匝数比与电压的关系N1:N3=U1:U3可知,U3=(N3*U1)/N1<28V,输入过压保护电路35中C点电压Uc=U3*R15/(R11+R15)<0.7V,三极管Q2、Q3以及二极管D9不导通,UA>UB,输入过压保护电路35不工作;PWM IC的VCC供电端在n2绕组的电压U2的作用下正常工作,二极管D6、D7导通,电源系统输出电压V0。
异常工作情形(输入过压):当输入电压Uac>260V时,即U1>368V;由上述匝数比与电压的关系分析可知,U3>28V,Uc>0.7V,三极管Q2、Q3以及二极管D9导通,UB>UA,二极管D7截止,输入过压保护电路35工作;此时PWM IC的VCC供电端由n3绕组的电压U3供电,而电压U3超过PWM IC的VCC供电端的最大输入电压(即预设电压安全值28V),从而引发PWM IC的过压保护而停止工作,电源无输出。
通过调节辅助绕组n3的匝数或R11与R15的分压比,可任意灵活设置输入过压保护的预设电压安全值。
本申请的主题可以在工业中制造和使用,具备工业实用性。
Claims (19)
- 一种输入过压保护电路,适用于电源系统,所述电源系统包括控制器以及变压器;其中,所述输入过压保护电路包括第二供电单元、分压单元以及开关单元;所述第二供电单元分别电连接所述变压器以及所述开关单元,所述第二供电单元接收由所述变压器根据所述电源系统的输入电压而输出的一第二辅助电压,并在所述第二辅助电压大于等于预设电压安全值时,输出第二供电电压启动所述开关单元;所述分压单元分别电连接所述第二供电单元以及所述开关单元,用于对所述第二供电单元输出的第二供电电压进行分压后输入所述开关单元;所述开关单元电连接至所述控制器,用于在启动时输出所述第二供电电压至所述控制器,以引发所述控制器的过压保护而关闭所述控制器;所述第二供电单元包括第三二极管以及第二电容;所述第三二极管的阳极电连接至所述变压器的一第二辅助绕组以接收所述第二辅助电压,而其阴极电连接所述开关单元、并通过所述第二电容接地;所述开关单元包括第二三极管、第三三极管和第四二极管;所述第二三极管的发射极藕接至所述第二供电单元,其集电极电连接所述第四二极管的阳极,而其基极藕接至所述第三三极管的集电极;所述第四二极管的阴极电连接至所述控制器的VCC供电端;所述第三三极管的发射极接地,其基极藕接至所述分压单元;在所述第二辅助电压大于等于所述预设电压安全值时,所述第二供电单元输出第二供电电压,控制所述第二三极管、所述第三三极管和所述第四二极管导通,以输出所述第二供电电压至所述控制器的VCC供电端,从而引发所述控制器的过压保护而关闭所述控制器。
- 如权利要求1所述的输入过压保护电路,其中,所述分压单元包括第一分压电阻和第二分压电阻;所述第一分压电阻的第一端电连接所述第二供电单元,而其第二端则电连接所述第二分压电阻的第一端;所述第二分压电阻的第二端接地;所述第一分压电阻与所述第二分压电阻的公共端电连接至所述开关单元。
- 如权利要求2所述的输入过压保护电路,其中,通过调节所述第一分压电阻与所述第二分压电阻的分压比,设置所述预设电压安全值。
- 如权利要求1所述的输入过压保护电路,其中,所述第二三极管的发射极进一步通过一第二电阻电连接至所述第二供电单元,其集电极进一步通过一第三电阻电连接至基极,其基极进一步通过一第四电阻电连接至所述第三三极管的集电极;所述第三三极管的基极进一步通过一第五电阻电连接至所述分压单元、并通过一第三电容接地。
- 一种输入过压保护电路,适用于电源系统,所述电源系统包括控制器以及变压器;其中,所述输入过压保护电路包括第二供电单元、分压单元以及开关单元;所述第二供电单元分别电连接所述变压器以及所述开关单元,所述第二供电单元接收由所述变压器根据所述电源系统的输入电压而输出的一第二辅助电压,并在所述第二辅助电压大于等于预设电压安全值时,输出第二供电电压启动所述开关单元;所述分压单元分别电连接所述第二供电单元以及所述开关单元,用于对所述第二供电单元输出的第二供电电压进行分压后输入所述开关单元;所述开关单元电连接至所述控制器,用于在启动时输出所述第二供电电压至所述控制器,以引发所述控制器的过压保护而关闭所述控制器。
- 如权利要求5所述的输入过压保护电路,其中,所述第二供电单元包括第三二极管以及第二电容;所述第三二极管的阳极电连接至所述变压器的一第二辅助绕组以接收所述第二辅助电压,而其阴极电连接所述开关单元、并通过所述第二电容接地;其中,所述第二辅助绕组与所述变压器的初级绕组为同名端绕组。
- 如权利要求5所述的输入过压保护电路,其中,所述分压单元包括第一分压电阻和第二分压电阻;所述第一分压电阻的第一端电连接所述第二供电单元,而其第二端则电连接所述第二分压电阻的第一端;所述第二分压电阻的第二端接地;所述第一分压电阻与所述第二分压电阻的公共端电连接至所述开关单元。
- 如权利要求7所述的输入过压保护电路,其中,通过调节所述第一分压电阻与所述第二分压电阻的分压比,设置所述预设电压安全值。
- 如权利要求5所述的输入过压保护电路,其中,所述开关单元包括第二三极管、第三三极管和第四二极管;所述第二三极管的发射极藕接至所述第二供电单元,其集电极电连接所述第四二极管的阳极,而其基极藕接至所述第三三极管的集电极;所述第四二极管的阴极电连接至所述控制器的VCC供电端;所述第三三极管的发射极接地,其基极藕接至所述分压单元;在所述第二辅助电压大于等于所述预设电压安全值时,所述第二供电单元输出第二供电电压,控制所述第二三极管、所述第三三极管和所述第四二极管导通,以输出所述第二供电电压至所述控制器的VCC供电端,从而引发所述控制器的过压保护而关闭所述控制器。
- 如权利要求9所述的输入过压保护电路,其中,所述第二三极管的发射极进一步通过一第二电阻电连接至所述第二供电单元,其集电极进一步通过一第三电阻电连接至基极,其基极进一步通过一第四电阻电连接至所述第三三极管的集电极;所述第三三极管的基极进一步通过一第五电阻电连接至所述分压单元、并通过一第三电容接地。
- 一种电源系统,包括整流滤波单元、控制器、变压器、第一供电单元、功率开关管以及输出单元;所述变压器电连接所述整流滤波单元,所述变压器包括初级绕组、次级绕组以及第一辅助绕组,所述初级绕组电连接所述功率开关,所述次级绕组电连接所述输出单元,所述第一辅助绕组电连接所述第一供电单元;所述第一供电单元接收所述第一辅助绕组输出的一第一辅助电压,并输出第一供电电压至所述控制器;所述控制器进一步电连接所述功率开关;其中,所述电源系统进一步包括输入过压保护电路,所述变压器进一步包括第二辅助绕组,所述第二辅助绕组与所述初级绕组为同名端绕组;所述输入过压保护电路电连接至所述第二辅助绕组以接收所述第二辅助电压,并在所述第二辅助电压大于等于预设电压安全值时,输出第二供电电压至所述控制器,引发所述控制器的过压保护而关闭所述控制器。
- 如权利要求11所述的电源系统,其中,所述输入过压保护电路包括第二供电单元、分压单元以及开关单元;所述第二供电单元分别电连接所述变压器以及所述开关单元,所述第二供电单元接收由所述变压器根据所述电源系统的输入电压而输出的一第二辅助电压,并在所述第二辅助电压大于等于预设电压安全值时,输出第二供电电压启动所述开关单元;所述分压单元分别电连接所述第二供电单元以及所述开关单元,用于对所述第二供电单元输出的第二供电电压进行分压后输入所述开关单元;所述开关单元电连接至所述控制器,用于在启动时输出所述第二供电电压至所述控制器,以引发所述控制器的过压保护而关闭所述控制器。
- 如权利要求12所述的电源系统,其中,所述第二供电单元包括第三二极管以及第二电容;所述第三二极管的阳极电连接至所述变压器的一第二辅助绕组以接收所述第二辅助电压,而其阴极电连接所述开关单元、并通过所述第二电容接地。
- 如权利要求12所述的电源系统,其中,所述分压单元包括第一分压电阻和第二分压电阻;所述第一分压电阻的第一端电连接所述第二供电单元,而其第二端则电连接所述第二分压电阻的第一端;所述第二分压电阻的第二端接地;所述第一分压电阻与所述第二分压电阻的公共端电连接至所述开关单元。
- 如权利要求14所述的电源系统,其中,通过调节所述第一分压电阻与所述第二分压电阻的分压比,设置所述预设电压安全值。
- 如权利要求12所述的电源系统,其中,所述开关单元包括第二三极管、第三三极管和第四二极管;所述第二三极管的发射极藕接至所述第二供电单元,其集电极电连接所述第四二极管的阳极,而其基极藕接至所述第三三极管的集电极;所述第四二极管的阴极电连接至所述控制器的VCC供电端;所述第三三极管的发射极接地,其基极藕接至所述分压单元;在所述第二辅助电压大于等于所述预设电压安全值时,所述第二供电单元输出第二供电电压,控制所述第二三极管、所述第三三极管和所述第四二极管导通,以输出所述第二供电电压至所述控制器的VCC供电端,从而引发所述控制器的过压保护而关闭所述控制器。
- 如权利要求16所述的电源系统,其中,所述第二三极管的发射极进一步通过一第二电阻电连接至所述第二供电单元,其集电极进一步通过一第三电阻电连接至基极,其基极进一步通过一第四电阻电连接至所述第三三极管的集电极;所述第三三极管的基极进一步通过一第五电阻电连接至所述分压单元、并通过一第三电容接地。
- 如权利要求11所述的电源系统,其中,通过调节所述第二辅助绕组的匝数,设置所述预设电压安全值。
- 如权利要求11所述的电源系统,其中,所述控制器采用PWM控制芯片。
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| CN201860084U (zh) * | 2010-10-29 | 2011-06-08 | 东莞市百力达光电科技有限公司 | 一种单级功率因数校正电路的短路保护电路 |
| CN102403697A (zh) * | 2011-10-27 | 2012-04-04 | 康佳集团股份有限公司 | 一种开关电源过压过流保护电路及保护方法 |
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| CN201860084U (zh) * | 2010-10-29 | 2011-06-08 | 东莞市百力达光电科技有限公司 | 一种单级功率因数校正电路的短路保护电路 |
| CN202282743U (zh) * | 2011-09-29 | 2012-06-20 | 南京博兰得电子科技有限公司 | 一种谐振变换器控制装置 |
| CN102403697A (zh) * | 2011-10-27 | 2012-04-04 | 康佳集团股份有限公司 | 一种开关电源过压过流保护电路及保护方法 |
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