WO2020069703A1 - Logement de sécurité haute tension externe - Google Patents

Logement de sécurité haute tension externe

Info

Publication number
WO2020069703A1
WO2020069703A1 PCT/DK2019/050277 DK2019050277W WO2020069703A1 WO 2020069703 A1 WO2020069703 A1 WO 2020069703A1 DK 2019050277 W DK2019050277 W DK 2019050277W WO 2020069703 A1 WO2020069703 A1 WO 2020069703A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
base
enclosure
housing
compartment
blowout
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DK2019/050277
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Jesper Nielsen
Flemming Dahl
Original Assignee
Vestas Wind Systems A/S
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Vestas Wind Systems A/S filed Critical Vestas Wind Systems A/S
Publication of WO2020069703A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020069703A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H5/00—Buildings or groups of buildings for industrial or agricultural purposes
    • E04H5/02—Buildings or groups of buildings for industrial purposes, e.g. for power-plants or factories
    • E04H5/04—Transformer houses; Substations or switchgear houses
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02B—BOARDS, SUBSTATIONS OR SWITCHING ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE SUPPLY OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02B13/00—Arrangement of switchgear in which switches are enclosed in, or structurally associated with, a casing, e.g. cubicle
    • H02B13/02—Arrangement of switchgear in which switches are enclosed in, or structurally associated with, a casing, e.g. cubicle with metal casing
    • H02B13/025—Safety arrangements, e.g. in case of excessive pressure or fire due to electrical defect
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02B—BOARDS, SUBSTATIONS OR SWITCHING ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE SUPPLY OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02B7/00—Enclosed substations, e.g. compact substations
    • H02B7/06—Distribution substations, e.g. for urban network
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
    • F03D9/20—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus
    • F03D9/25—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus the apparatus being an electrical generator
    • F03D9/255—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus the apparatus being an electrical generator connected to electrical distribution networks; Arrangements therefor
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/30—Wind power
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of electric power, especially high voltage electric power generation, such as wind turbines. Specifically, the invention relates to an external housing for high voltage enclosure for providing a safe housing of gas-isolated high voltage switchgear.
  • HV switchgear In a typical wind turbine suited for generating electric power to an electric grid, a gas-isolated High Voltage (HV) switchgear is necessary. Such switchgear provides a safety risk, since harmful gases serving as electric isolation in such HV switchgear may leak. Further, in case of a fault, a possible blowout leading to a powerful pressure wave may involve health risks for persons present near the HV switchgear. For these reasons, the HV switchgear needs to placed away from immediate presence of unqualified persons. Thus, for this reason placing the HV switchgear in the tower of a wind turbine may require safety precautions in the form of further encapsulation or elaborate safety procedures before entering the tower. Moreover, this would impose limitations for personel without the necessary qualifications for working near HV equipment in accessing the wind turbine tower.
  • HV switchgear in a separate external enclousure outside the wind turbine tower often involves substantial costs, and complicates construction work involved in building a wind turbine system, e.g. transport or on-site building of a HV switchgear enclosure.
  • the invention provides a housing serving to enclose a gas- insulated HV switchgear with a blowout outlet, wherein the housing is arranged for position on the ground, wherein the housing comprises
  • a base arranged for mounting at least partly below ground level, the base forming a compartment with an upwards facing opening, and
  • the enclosure arranged for mounting on the base, wherein the enclosure forms an enclosed space, the enclosure comprising
  • the high voltage switchgear is arranged to be mounted on the floor so as to cover the opening of the floor, and wherein the blowout outlet of the high voltage switchgear is connected with the compartment of the base via the opening of the floor,
  • top part comprising a ceiling element and a roof element forming a compartment with a blowout opening to the environment
  • Such housing is advantageous for increasing safety in wind turbines, where nominal voltage levels of 10-35 kV, or even up to 66 kV, is handled by gas- isolated switchgear, where both gas leakages and blowouts in case of failures cause risks of health problems for unprotected persons present near such HV switchgear.
  • a separate housing for the HV switchgear preferably with a lockable door, it can be ensured that only qualified persons come near the HV switchgear. Moreover, personnel without HV equipment qualification can enter the tower.
  • the housing can be formed by low cost elements with compact dimensions, and still provide sufficient protection in case of a blowout caused by a fault in the HV switchgear. This is due to the blowout path from the HV switchgear blowout outlet, down to the compartment in the base, via the blowout channel, e.g. along a wall of the enclosure, and to yet another compartment formed between the ceiling element and the roof element. Thus, the blowout pressure is released via two compartments forming chambers that help to reduce the pressure before being let out to the environment.
  • blowout opening to the environment can be placed well above ground level due to this opening being formed at the top part of the housing. Even further, the first chamber will typically be located below ground level. This helps to increase safety for persons located near the housing in case of a blowout.
  • the housing is further advantageous, since the proposed housing can be transported easily on a road vehicle, since the enclosure and base can be separated for transport and assembled on-site. Especially, the base can be positioned inside the partly assembled enclosure for transport, thereby serving to limit the outer dimensions of the housing, especially the height.
  • the necessary HV cables can be placed below ground level and enter via the base and up to the HV switchgear in the enclosure.
  • the cables can be mounted in the base before or after the HV switchgear is mounted in the enclosure, thus relaxing the construction process.
  • the housing can be used for enclosing HV switchgear for wind turbines, as well as other applications involving a gas-isolated high voltage switchgear, e.g. for electricity generators and utilities for other types of sustainable energy sources such as PV, waves etc.
  • High Voltage is understood an electric AC voltage having an RMS value higher than 1 kV.
  • the HV switchgear is capable of handling AC RMS voltages of at least 10 kV, such as 10-40 kV, or even up to 66 kV or 72.5 kV.
  • the blowout channel may be formed by an element being separate from the wall elements, or one wall element can form part of the blowout channel.
  • the blowout channel can be connected to the base compartment via the opening of the floor serving to connect the blowout outlet of the HV switchgear, or a separate smaller opening in the floor.
  • the base may be arranged for being positioned inside the enclosure during transportation of the housing, so as to limit the outer dimensions of the housing for transport, e.g. for road transport.
  • the base may be formed by a monolithic concrete element or made of another material suitable for being positioned in the ground.
  • the base has a hole positioned to be below ground level, when mounted, wherein the hole is arranged to allow one or several HV cables to enter the compartment of the base and connect to the HV switchgear via the opening in the floor. Further ground cables, e.g. 24 V DC and 230 V AC for supply for light etc. to the housing, may enter the base via dedicated holes below ground level.
  • the base may comprise a plurality of upward facing pins arranged to fit matching holes of the enclosure, e.g. holes on an underside of the floor. This allow first mounting the base in the ground, and then mounting a complete pre-fabricated enclosure part onto the base in the correct position.
  • the top part is preferably removable, so as to allow the HV switchgear to enter the housing for installation from above, e.g. the top part can be mounted removable to a frame carrying wall parts by means of bolts. This helps to facilitate on-site mounting of the HV switchgear compared to a having an enclosure with a fixed top part, and further the requirement for size of a door opening can be limited.
  • the enclosure may be formed by a metal frame onto which the floor, a plurality of wall elements, and the top part are mounted.
  • the enclosure comprises a plurality of wall elements formed by corrugated metal plates, and the floor is formed by a concrete slab.
  • the roof and ceiling elements are formed by metal plates.
  • Such structure can provide the necessary strength and endurance, and still have a light weight to allow road vehicle transportation of a completely assembled enclosure, e.g. with the base positioned inside the enclosure during transportation.
  • the blowout opening to the environment may comprise an elongate downward facing opening formed between the roof element and the ceiling element.
  • the housing may further enclose a HV step-up transformer inside the enclosed space, the HV step-up transformer being electrically connected to step-up a voltage to a higher voltage level, especially a voltage of 60-150 kV, e.g. 66 kV, required for connection to an electric grid.
  • the housing comprises a door allowing a person to enter the enclosed space, such as for service or inspection of the HV switchgear.
  • the invention provides a wind turbine system arranged to generate electric power, the wind turbine system comprising
  • a wind turbine comprising a rotor blade system, an electric generator connected to be driven by the rotor blade system, a tower with a nacelle for housing the electric generator, and a gas-isolated HV switchgear electrically connected between the electric generator and an electric grid output from the wind turbine, and
  • the system comprises a plurality of wind turbines with respective electric generators connected to respective gas-isolated HV switchgears arranged inside the enclosure of the housing.
  • HV switchgear for e.g. 2-10 wind turbines.
  • equipment in common for the plurality of wind turbines can be placed inside the housing, e.g. a step-up transformator serving to step-up electric voltage to such as 60-150 kV, e.g. 66 kV, for grid connection.
  • the invention provides a method for mounting a gas-isolated high voltage switchgear inside a housing, the method comprising
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a wind turbine system embodiment with a wind turbine and an external ground based housing enclosing a high voltage switchgear of the wind turbine
  • FIG. 2 illustrates a housing base embodiment
  • FIG. 3 illlustrates a side section view of a housing embodiment with blowout routes indicated
  • FIG. 4 illustrates a top section view of a housing embodiment
  • FIG. 5 illustrates illustrates a front view of a housing embodiment
  • FIG. 6 illustrates illustrates
  • FIG. 7 illustrates steps of a method embodiment.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a wind turbine system embodiment.
  • the wind turbine has three rotor blades BL for driving an electric generator located inside the nacelle NC on top of a tower TW.
  • a power converter system in a wind turbine can be placed up-tower or down tower.
  • Wind turbines may generate an electric power of at least 1 MW, such as 2-10 MW, or more.
  • the electric generator and power converter system generate High Voltage (HV) AC or DC RMS voltages in the 1-66 kV range.
  • switchgear for switching on/off such voltages typically involves gas-isolated HV switchgear causing a safety risk, partly due to possible gas leakages, and partly due to the risk of a blowout or explosion in case of a fault.
  • the invention provides a housing H with a base B to be placed in the ground and forming a base for an enclosure ENC with a floor, wall elements, and a top part serving to provide an enclosed space in which the HV switchgear HVS can be placed.
  • the HV cable for connecting the wind turbine with the HV switchgear HVS is indicated with dashed line, and as seen the HV cable enters the housing H from the ground via the base B.
  • the housing provides a blowout route involving a compartment in the base B as well as a compartment in the top part of the enclosure to relieve the high pressure in case of a blowout.
  • FIG. 2 shows an example of a base B for the housing H of FIG. 1.
  • the base B in the pictured embodiment is formed by a concrete element being generally rectangular in shape and with a flat bottom part and with walls perpenduclar to the bottom part.
  • the walls and bottom form a compartment, and the upper part of the walls form a plane face, thus providing an opening to the compartment of the base B.
  • guiding pins P1-P4 serve to facilitate mounting of the enclosure ENC onto the base by guiding the enclosure ENC into place to fit respective holes in the bottom part of the floor F.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates a preferred housing H embodiment.
  • the housing has a base B arranged for mounting at least partly below ground level, the base B forming a compartment Cl with an upwards facing opening.
  • An enclosure ENC is mounted on the base B.
  • the enclosure ENC forms an enclosed space E_SP between vertical wall elements W, a plane horizontal floor F with an opening F_0 serving to connect to the compartment Cl of the base B via the upwards facing opening of the base B.
  • the high voltage switchgear HVS is arranged to be mounted on the floor F so as to cover the opening F_0 of the floor F.
  • the high voltage switchgear HVS has a blowout outlet at its bottom, which connects to the compartment Cl of the base B via the opening F_0 of the floor F.
  • a top part TP of the enclosure ENC comprises a ceiling element CL and a roof element R forming together a
  • a blowout channel BLC is here shown as a plane plate forming a channel together with a wall element W.
  • the blowout channel BLC connects the compartment Cl at the base B at one end, and the compartment C2 of the top part TP at its opposite end.
  • the black arrows show the blowout route BLR from the bottom of the HV switchgear HVS, via the base compartment Cl, via a separate hole in the floor F, through the blowout channel BLC, and to the compartment C2 at the top part TP, where a downward facing blowout opening BL_0 is formed on both sides of the top part, namely elongate openings BL_0 formed by the roof element R and the ceiling element CL.
  • two compartments Cl, C2 serve to absorp the high pressure wave from the HV switchgear in case of a blowout, therefore providing only a limited pressure outlet at the blowout openings BL_0.
  • the housing H is dimensioned, so that the blowout openings BL_0 is positiond at a height of such as 1.8-2.5 m above ground level, to avoid immediate danger for a person on the ground near the housing H.
  • a HV cable (not shown) for connection to the HV switchgear HVS via the opening F_0 in the floor F can enter the base B through an opening C_0 below ground level.
  • the total height of the enclosure ENC itself is 2.4-2.6 m, so as to allow the enclosure to be manufactured as one unit and transported on a road vehicle.
  • the base is positioned inside the enclosure ENC during transporting, thus lowering the total height of the housing H, when transported.
  • the top part is preferably removable, to provide an upward facing opening to the enclosed space E_CP for mouting the switchgear in the enclosure ENC from above.
  • Preferred materials are:
  • - Wall elements W corrugated metal plate.
  • BLC metal plate, a separate channel or integrated with a wall element W.
  • the enclosure ENC may be formed by a metal frame fixed to the concrete floor F slab, and with wall elements W and top part TP fixed to the frame.
  • the enclosure can be manufactured in modules, e.g. each module being formed by a frame and floor F of fixed dimensions, and where two or more modules can be combined to form a larger housing H, if required. E.g. this may be useful for reducing costs, e.g. to provide housings H for wind turbine plants, where HV switchgear for several wind turbines can be enclosed in one single housing H, e.g formed by a plurality of combined enclosure modules sharing one or more base(s).
  • FIG. 4 illustrates a top section view of an embodiment showing the rectangular floor F and the rectangular floor opening F_0 , as well as the blowout channel BLC, here shown as a separate channel BLC arranged separate from the nearest wall W element.
  • the blowout channel BLC connects to the base B via a hole in the floor F being separate from the floor opening F_0 which is arranged to be covered by the HV switchgear HVS, when mounted.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates af frontal view of the embodiment of FIG. 1, where one side of the enclosure ENC is in the form of a door D allowing a person to enter the enclosed space E_SP.
  • the door D has a lock to prevent unauthorized personnel to enter the enclosure ENC.
  • the base B is shown in section view, and the HV cable opening C_0 to the compartment Cl is seen along with two horizontal beems BM1, BM2 fixed in the walls of the base.
  • the beams BM1, BM2 serve to fix the HV cable (not shown) in order to bend from a horizontal position in the ground to a vertical position in order to connect to the HV switchgear HVS inside the enclosure ENC.
  • FIG. 6 illustrates an example of a wind turbine system embodiment with a plurality of wind turbines WT1-WT6 all connected via HV cables to one common housing H which provides an enclosure for respective gas-isolated HV switchgears HVS1_6 for the wind turbines WT1-WT6.
  • One electric output cable from the housing H serves to connect all wind turbines WT1-WT6 to an electric grid E_G.
  • FIG. 7 illustrates steps of an embodiment for a method for mounting a gas- isolated HV switchgear inside a housing.
  • the method comprising providing P_B a base forming a compartment with an upwards facing opening, mounting M_B the base partly below ground level preferably with the upward facing opening flush with ground level.
  • the method comprises pre-fabricating the enclosure and base, and transporting the housing with the base positioned inside the enclosure, e.g. on a road vehicle.
  • the base is mounted M_B in the ground, e.g. on a sand foundation, and the HV cable is entered into the base.
  • the enclosure is fixed onto the base. These steps can be performed before the HV switchgear arrives on- site.
  • the HV switchgear is ready to be installed, the top part of the enclosure can preferably be removed, so as to allow the HV switchgear to enter the enclosure from above, and subsequently, the top part can then be re- installed, and the enclosed HV switchgear is then ready for operation.
  • the door of the enclosure is dimensioned, so that the HV switchgear can be enter the enclosed space of the enclosure via the door opening.
  • the invention provides a wind turbine system with a wind turbine having a HV switchgear positioned inside a housing positioned on the ground, external to the wind turbine tower to provide increased safety inside the tower.
  • the housing has a concrete baseframe forming a compartment, and an enclosure part mounted on the baseframe.
  • the blowout of the HV switchgear is connected to the baseframe compartment via an opening in the floor of the enclosure part, and a blowout channel connects the baseframe compartment to a compartment formed between a ceiling and a roof of the enclosure part, and this upper compartment has a blowout opening to the environments, preferably posisioned at least 2 m above ground level.
  • the enclosure part has a door to allow a person to enter the housing, and wall elements of the enclosure part are preferably formed by metal plates.
  • the blowout compartments of the baseframe and upper compartment serve to lower pressure of a blowout, and thus helps to provide a safe blowout output to the environment.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un système d'éolienne dotée d'une éolienne ayant un appareillage de commutation H.T positionné à l'intérieur d'un logement positionné sur le sol, externe à la tour d'éolienne pour fournir une sécurité accrue à l'intérieur de la tour. Le logement comprend un cadre de base en béton formant un compartiment, et une partie enveloppe de protection montée sur le cadre de base. Le soufflage de l'appareillage de commutation H.T est reliée au compartiment de cadre de base par l'intermédiaire d'une ouverture dans le plancher de la partie enveloppe de protection, et un canal de soufflage raccorde le compartiment de cadre de base à un compartiment formé entre un plafond et un toit de la partie enveloppe de protection, et ce compartiment supérieur a une ouverture de soufflage dans les environnements, de préférence au moins 2 m au-dessus du niveau de sol. La partie enveloppe de protection a une porte pour permettre à une personne d'entrer dans le logement, et des éléments de paroi de la partie enveloppe de protection sont de préférence formés par des plaques métalliques. Les compartiments de soufflage du cadre de base et du compartiment supérieur servent à abaisser la pression d'une soufflage, et contribue ainsi à fournir une sortie de soufflage sûre à l'environnement.
PCT/DK2019/050277 2018-10-04 2019-09-19 Logement de sécurité haute tension externe WO2020069703A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DKPA201870656 2018-10-04
DKPA201870656 2018-10-04

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2020069703A1 true WO2020069703A1 (fr) 2020-04-09

Family

ID=68072087

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/DK2019/050277 WO2020069703A1 (fr) 2018-10-04 2019-09-19 Logement de sécurité haute tension externe

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO2020069703A1 (fr)

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2512846A1 (de) * 1975-03-22 1976-10-21 Pfisterer Elektrotech Karl Energieversorgungsstation
FR2635135A1 (fr) * 1988-08-04 1990-02-09 Cattin Jean Batiment prefabrique de genie civil du type de ceux destines a abriter des postes transformateurs de tensions electriques
DE102012221498A1 (de) * 2012-11-23 2014-05-28 Wobben Properties Gmbh Übergabestation zur Einspeisung elektrischer Energie, sowie Windenergieanlagenpark mit solcher Übergabestation
EP2801988A2 (fr) * 2013-05-07 2014-11-12 Elektro-Bauelemente GmbH Dispositif d'alimentation
DE102016002711A1 (de) * 2016-03-08 2017-09-14 Tts Trading & Technical Support Gmbh Freiluft-Gehäuse für Mittelspannungsanlagen

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2512846A1 (de) * 1975-03-22 1976-10-21 Pfisterer Elektrotech Karl Energieversorgungsstation
FR2635135A1 (fr) * 1988-08-04 1990-02-09 Cattin Jean Batiment prefabrique de genie civil du type de ceux destines a abriter des postes transformateurs de tensions electriques
DE102012221498A1 (de) * 2012-11-23 2014-05-28 Wobben Properties Gmbh Übergabestation zur Einspeisung elektrischer Energie, sowie Windenergieanlagenpark mit solcher Übergabestation
EP2801988A2 (fr) * 2013-05-07 2014-11-12 Elektro-Bauelemente GmbH Dispositif d'alimentation
DE102016002711A1 (de) * 2016-03-08 2017-09-14 Tts Trading & Technical Support Gmbh Freiluft-Gehäuse für Mittelspannungsanlagen

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