WO2020058525A1 - Dispositif de charge pour charger un véhicule électrique - Google Patents

Dispositif de charge pour charger un véhicule électrique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020058525A1
WO2020058525A1 PCT/EP2019/075477 EP2019075477W WO2020058525A1 WO 2020058525 A1 WO2020058525 A1 WO 2020058525A1 EP 2019075477 W EP2019075477 W EP 2019075477W WO 2020058525 A1 WO2020058525 A1 WO 2020058525A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
vehicle
coupling
unit
contact
designed
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2019/075477
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Christian Rudolfi
Magnus Sviberg
Sebastian Kloss
Tim GÄRTNER
Thomas Schütt
Original Assignee
Webasto SE
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Webasto SE filed Critical Webasto SE
Publication of WO2020058525A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020058525A1/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L5/00—Current collectors for power supply lines of electrically-propelled vehicles
    • B60L5/42—Current collectors for power supply lines of electrically-propelled vehicles for collecting current from individual contact pieces connected to the power supply line
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
    • B60L53/12—Inductive energy transfer
    • B60L53/126—Methods for pairing a vehicle and a charging station, e.g. establishing a one-to-one relation between a wireless power transmitter and a wireless power receiver
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
    • B60L53/14—Conductive energy transfer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/30—Constructional details of charging stations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/30—Constructional details of charging stations
    • B60L53/305—Communication interfaces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/30—Constructional details of charging stations
    • B60L53/35—Means for automatic or assisted adjustment of the relative position of charging devices and vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/30—Constructional details of charging stations
    • B60L53/35—Means for automatic or assisted adjustment of the relative position of charging devices and vehicles
    • B60L53/36—Means for automatic or assisted adjustment of the relative position of charging devices and vehicles by positioning the vehicle
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/16—Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a charging device for charging an electric vehicle at a charging station, which in particular enables automatic charging or an automatic connection of the electric vehicle to a charging station.
  • Charging electric vehicle batteries which are provided to supply the electric drive of the electric vehicle, when the energy stored in the battery is running low.
  • the number of kilometers corresponds to the need for more or less frequent charging of the electric vehicle.
  • the charging of the batteries is achieved by the electric vehicle being parked on a charging station or a wall box and then the user establishing a connection between the charging station or the wall box and the electric vehicle by manually inserting an appropriate charging cable. Then the actual loading process can be started.
  • the ranges that can be achieved with a battery charge are often still lower than the ranges that can be achieved with a tank filling of a conventional vehicle with an internal combustion engine, so that the resultant need for more frequent charging can be regarded as a loss of convenience for the consumer.
  • DE 10 2016 008 982 A1 discloses a charging arrangement for automatically charging an electrical energy store in a motor vehicle, in which a contact element of a charging station arranged under the motor vehicle is raised substantially perpendicular to the underbody of the motor vehicle correctly positioned above it, thereby contacting one corresponding socket provided in the underbody of the motor vehicle is made possible.
  • DE 10 2014 226 371 A1 discloses a charging station for charging an energy store in a vehicle, in which contact is also made with the energy store in the motor vehicle by moving a contact head into a charging socket arranged in the underbody of a vehicle in that the movement is vertical to the level formed by the sub-floor.
  • a charging device for charging a traction battery of an electric vehicle comprising a floor unit which is designed and set up to be arranged in the area of a roadway for the electric vehicle and to provide a charging current, further comprising a vehicle unit which is designed and set up for this is to be arranged in the underbody of the electric vehicle and which is connected to the traction battery for supplying a charging current, and further comprising one
  • Coupling device which is designed and set up, the floor unit and To electrically couple the vehicle unit for transmitting a charging current to one another.
  • the coupling device is designed and set up so that the coupling by a relative movement of the floor unit and the vehicle unit in
  • the coupling device is set up in such a way that the floor unit is coupled to the vehicle unit by a relative movement of the floor unit relative to the vehicle unit in the vehicle longitudinal direction, contact can be made during the regular process of parking or parking an electric vehicle which is moving in its vehicle longitudinal direction getting produced.
  • Coupling device possible which, due to the reduced need for movements, can be made simpler than 3D robot arms or other contacting devices known from the prior art.
  • Relative movement in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle is possible to provide the contacts in the floor unit or in the vehicle unit and in the coupling device in an orientation which essentially runs in the plane of the vehicle underbody.
  • the contacts can be made less susceptible to the stresses occurring in the vehicle underbody or less sensitive to being driven over or entering an arrangement on the floor.
  • the coupling device is accommodated in the vehicle unit, the coupling device having a coupling contact and being designed and set up to couple the coupling contact to a coupling device
  • the coupling device is provided in the vehicle unit, it also follows that no moving parts have to be provided in the floor unit, so that the floor unit can be made particularly robust and inexpensive. This is important, for example, if the floor unit is also to be provided in publicly accessible areas, for example in parking bays on the roadside. Accordingly, it is possible that the base unit can then be provided in a variety of ways due to the robust and cost-effective design, and accordingly an almost area-wide charging structure that enables automated charging of the electric vehicle is conceivable.
  • the coupling device can preferably comprise a coupling arm which is designed and set up to lower the coupling contact and to couple it to the ground contact region of the ground unit, the coupling arm preferably being designed to be elastic in the transverse direction of the vehicle. In this way, reliable contacting can be achieved.
  • the floor unit has a floor contact area which is designed and set up with a coupling contact
  • Ground contact area is preferably formed in the form of a contact rail.
  • a particularly robust production of the contact can be achieved by the formation of the ground contact area.
  • the floor unit particularly preferably has a catch area which is designed and set up to conduct a coupling contact of the coupling device such that it enters the ground contact area in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle when there is a relative movement between the floor unit and the vehicle unit. This can be a reliable one even with an offset
  • the coupling device can be accommodated in the base unit, the coupling device then having a coupling contact and being designed and set up to raise the coupling contact for coupling to a vehicle contact area of the vehicle unit. It will be an alternative, reliable and simple automatic Contacting possible, in which the floor unit does not have to be arranged under the vehicle, but can also be positioned in front of or behind the vehicle.
  • the coupling device preferably comprises a displacement arm which is designed and set up to move the coupling contact in the vehicle longitudinal direction and the
  • the design of the displacement arm enables a mechanically robust, inexpensive and reliable design of the coupling device.
  • Cleaning device which prior to actually establishing the contact between the floor unit and the vehicle unit, a cleaning of the respective floor contact areas or vehicle contact areas or coupling contact is carried out.
  • cleaning can be achieved by providing a strong air flow, providing mechanical cleaning devices such as a brushing device or applying a corresponding water surge or water jet or by previously penetrating the respective contact areas using a cleaning mask.
  • a communication device for establishing communication between the floor unit and the vehicle unit can be provided, which for example is a
  • Positioning of both the electric vehicle and the contacting device allows.
  • an actuation of the cleaning device and / or the covering device and / or the coupling device can be controlled accordingly via a communication which detects the approach of the electric vehicle or the vehicle unit to the floor unit.
  • the coupling contacts can be brought closer to the ground contact area and / or to the vehicle contact area when the vehicle unit is at a certain distance from the floor unit.
  • a cover device for covering the ground contact area and / or for is preferred
  • Figure 1 is a schematic representation of the loading device with a floor unit
  • Figure 2 is a schematic plan view of a floor unit
  • Figure 3 is a schematic side view of the vehicle unit in combination with the
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic, perspective illustration of the vehicle unit, the floor unit and the coupling device during the process of connecting the vehicle unit to the floor unit;
  • Figure 5 is a schematic, perspective view of the connection process in a further embodiment, in which a slight offset between the base unit and the
  • Vehicle unit is present
  • FIG. 6 shows a schematic side view of a loading device in a further embodiment, in which the coupling device is provided in the base unit;
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic plan view of the loading device according to Figure 6, which with the
  • Figure 8 is a schematic side view of the embodiment shown in Figures 6 and 7;
  • Figure 9 is a schematic representation of the connection process between the vehicle unit and the contacting device of the floor unit in a further embodiment;
  • Figure 10 is a schematic bottom view of the floor unit and the vehicle unit and the coupling device accommodated in the floor unit in a schematic representation, wherein the coupling device is still completely accommodated in the floor unit and, accordingly, a charging process has not yet begun;
  • Figure 1 1 is a schematic representation of Figure 10, but now with the extended
  • Coupling device which electrically connects the floor unit to the vehicle unit.
  • FIG. 1 schematically shows a charging device 1, by means of which an electric vehicle 100, also shown schematically, or a traction battery 110 accommodated in the electric vehicle 100 for providing energy for driving an electric drive can be charged.
  • the charging device 1 comprises a floor unit 2, which is arranged in the region of the roadway traveled by the electric vehicle 100 to be charged.
  • the floor unit 2 can accordingly be provided, for example, in the area of a garage floor, a street, a parking bay, a parking space in a parking garage, etc.
  • the floor unit 2 is designed such that the electric vehicle 100 can drive over it without the electric vehicle 100 or the floor unit 2 being damaged thereby. In other words, the floor unit 2 builds completely in each of them
  • Electric vehicle 100 is not so high that the floor unit 2 with the Underbody 120 of the electric vehicle 100 would collide.
  • the floor unit 2 is designed and set up to provide a charging current for charging the electric vehicle.
  • the floor unit 2 can comprise a charging unit 200, which is correspondingly connected to a power supply or another energy supply, and which provides a charging current for charging the electric vehicle 100 or the traction battery 110 of the electric vehicle 100 on the floor unit 2.
  • the loading unit 200 for example - as in a conventional wall box or
  • Charging station also - one or more of the voltage regulator, rectifier,
  • Charging control communication unit, display for communicating the state of charge, fuse elements such as fuses, residual current circuit breakers or other fuse devices can be provided.
  • the charging unit 200 is provided in the form of a so-called wall box 210, which is correspondingly arranged on a wall, for example a garage or a wall delimiting a parking space.
  • the charging unit 200 can also be in a for example on the roadside or on the edge of a
  • Parking space or a parking bay arranged charging station can be provided.
  • the charging unit 200 can also be completely integrated into the base unit 2, so that the base unit 2 provides a self-contained unit for providing, controlling and securing the charging current.
  • the base unit 2 can be designed in such a way that it only has to be connected to a power grid.
  • assemblies of the loading unit 200 are provided in the base unit 2 and other assemblies of the loading unit 200 are provided in a wall box 210 arranged at a distance therefrom.
  • the charging device 1 further comprises a vehicle unit 3 arranged in the underbody 120 of the electric vehicle 100, which is provided in the area of the underbody 120 of the electric vehicle 100.
  • the vehicle unit 3 stands with the traction battery 110 of the electric vehicle 100 in communication and enables the traction battery 110 of the electric vehicle 100 to be charged when the vehicle unit 3 is in electrical contact with the floor unit 2 and a charging current is released.
  • the vehicle unit 3 can provide a charging control for the traction battery 110 of the electric vehicle 100, so that only an electrical connection has to be established between the floor unit 2 of the vehicle unit 3, a charging current has to be released by the floor unit 2 and the actual charging process of the traction battery 110 then of the
  • Vehicle unit 3 is controlled.
  • the vehicle unit 3 can, however, also only be one of the floor unit 3
  • the vehicle unit 3 can either take over the charge control completely, or be provided only for contacting the traction battery 110, or fill in between stages between these two states and, for example, only charge current limitation
  • a coupling device 4 is provided, by means of which an electrical coupling between the floor unit 2 and the vehicle unit 3 can be established.
  • the coupling device 4 is in the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG.
  • Vehicle unit 3 is arranged such that a coupling contact 40 of the coupling device 4 is automatically lowered by the vehicle unit 3 when the vehicle unit 3 approaches the floor unit 2 to such an extent that the coupling contact 40 is brought into contact with a ground contact area 20 of the floor unit 2 when the vehicle unit 3 is moved relative to the base unit 2 in the direction of the vehicle longitudinal direction x.
  • Vehicle longitudinal direction x a contact of the coupling contact 40 with the
  • Ground contact area 20 of the floor unit 2 takes place.
  • the movement of the electric car 100 guides the coupling contact 40 and the ground contact area 20 through the resulting relative movement between the
  • Vehicle unit 3 and the floor unit 2 together so that an electrical connection between 2 and the vehicle unit 3 is established.
  • the ground contact area 20 is in the form of a rail and is partially covered or tunnel-shaped, so that the coupling contact 40 of the coupling device 4 can be inserted into the rail forming the ground contact area 20 by the movement of the electric vehicle 100 and in this way an electrical connection between the
  • the base unit 2 and the electric vehicle 100 can be manufactured.
  • the base unit 2 is further formed with a catch area 22 which is funnel-shaped and by means of which it is possible to couple the coupling contact 40 which strikes the base unit 2 in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle along appropriately designed guide surfaces 24 along the guide surfaces 24 into the ground contact region 20 to conduct when the coupling contact 40 is moved essentially by the movement of the floor unit 2 to the vehicle unit 3 by the movement of the electric vehicle 100 in the direction of the ground contact area 20.
  • the capture angle FW enclosed by the guide surfaces 24 can have an opening in the range from 60 ° to 150 °, preferably at an angle between 90 ° to 130 °, particularly preferably at an angle of 120 °.
  • the floor unit 2 can, as is immediately apparent from FIG. 2, be made very flat and very robust, so that it can also be driven over by an electric vehicle 100 or another vehicle, and driving on the tires of the respective vehicle also does not lead to one Damage.
  • the floor unit 2 is designed in such a way that its surfaces 26, which are visible in FIG.
  • the surfaces 26 can be roof-shaped, so that water, dirt or foreign objects possibly striking the floor unit 2 can slide off or drain off and at the same time the potential for damage when driving over the floor unit 2 with a vehicle remains low.
  • the floor unit 2 can be largely passive and can be formed only from the body forming the floor unit 2, the catch area 22, the guide surfaces 24 and the floor contact area 22. None of the parts mentioned is designed to be movable.
  • a cleaning device 5, indicated only schematically, is preferably provided, by means of which the catch area 22 and the ground contact area 20 can be kept clean.
  • the cleaning device 5 can be designed, for example, in the form of a blower, which provides a directed air flow which ensures that the catching area 22 and the
  • Ground contact area 20 are blown free from objects lying on it.
  • the cleaning device 5 can also be provided by providing brush devices, mechanical pushing devices or other mechanical cleaning devices, which can be provided for cleaning the catch area 22 and / or the ground contact area 20.
  • a covering device 7 is provided, which can then be guided over the relevant areas.
  • a covering device 8 is provided, which can then be guided over the relevant areas and accordingly closes the coupling device 4 in regular ferry operation.
  • the floor unit 2 can also be a Communication module 60 include, which can establish a communication connection to the vehicle unit 3, which is also provided with a communication module 62, for example by means of a radio connection, for example by means of Bluetooth.
  • a Communication module 60 can establish a communication connection to the vehicle unit 3, which is also provided with a communication module 62, for example by means of a radio connection, for example by means of Bluetooth.
  • the vehicle unit 3 can on the one hand recognize when it has to extend the coupling device 4 downwards, that is to say a sufficiently small approach between the vehicle unit 3 and the floor unit 2 has taken place.
  • the communication device 60, 62 can also inform the controller of the electric vehicle 100 in such a way that the last short piece of movement of the electric vehicle 100 for connecting the coupling contact 40 of the coupling device 4 to the ground contact area 20 is largely automated.
  • driving of the electric vehicle 100 in the vehicle longitudinal direction X can also be controlled particularly preferably via the communication device 60, 62, in order in this way to enable automatic insertion and complete electrical connection of the coupling contact 40 to the ground contact area 20.
  • the communication device can also comprise, for example, light-emitting diodes which are arranged in predetermined areas of the base unit 2, in order to correspondingly when the vehicle unit 3 approaches in the electric vehicle 100 or in the vehicle unit 3
  • FIG. 3 shows in a side view once again the movement of the coupling contact 40 in the vehicle longitudinal direction x, the coupling contact 40 being held on the vehicle unit 3 via the coupling device 4 and which has moved out of the vehicle unit 3.
  • the coupling contact 40 when moving in the direction of the base unit 2, first strikes the catch area 22, and is then fed through the guide surfaces 24 to the ground contact area 20 and inserted therein, in order in this way to make electrical contact between the
  • FIGS. 4 and 5 the insertion of the coupling contact 40 into the ground contact region 20 is shown once again in a schematic perspective illustration.
  • the Coupling contact 40 has not been moved into the base unit 2 exactly centered, but is centered in the catch area 22 along the guide surfaces 24 and then guided accordingly in the direction of the bottom contact area 20.
  • a coupling arm 48 of the coupling device 4 which serves to lower the coupling contact 40, is preferably designed to be elastic in the transverse direction of the vehicle, so that lateral displacement of the coupling contact 40 by the guide surfaces 24 is easily possible.
  • the covering device 7 of the floor unit 2 is opened by means of a communication process.
  • the cover device 7 is opened by a motor installed in the base unit 2 for actuating the cover device 7. Simultaneously or following the opening, the floor contact area 20 of the base unit 2 can be cleaned.
  • the electric vehicle 100 is manually driven to the floor unit 2.
  • the catch area 22 for the coupling contact 40 located on the floor unit 2 is preferably at least 50 cm wide, so that a connection can also be established in the event of an offset between the vehicle unit 3 and the floor unit 2.
  • the coupling arm 48 is rotatably and movably supported both at the upper and at the lower end, so that the coupling contact 40 can align itself over the floor unit 2 when the electric vehicle 100 is rotated or when it is not driven straight in.
  • the coupling contact 40 is located with an offset above the catch area 22, this is correctly aligned by the travel movement in the catch area 22. At this point in time, the driving speed is already automatically electronically reduced by an interplay of the communication devices 60, 62.
  • the coupling contact 40 is then with the ground contact area 20 by the other
  • the system is designed so that it is still possible to continue up to 50 cm after the first contact in order to avoid tearing off the coupling device.
  • the electric vehicle is preferably automatically braked electrically.
  • the electric vehicle Before the charging process begins, the electric vehicle is first electronically secured against moving away.
  • the vehicle unit 3 receives the approval that the charging may be activated. At this moment, charging communication is also activated and the charging process proceeds as usual.
  • the charging process is either ended automatically when the full charge is reached or by a command specified manually by the driver.
  • the supply of electricity is interrupted and the charging lines are isolated. Since the physical connection between the vehicle unit 3 and the floor unit 2 continues to exist, the charging process could theoretically be reactivated. At the same time, the traction battery 110 of the electric vehicle is also available as a decentralized energy store during this time.
  • the communication device 60, 62 can take on the following functions: connection establishment / start charging process
  • the communication modules 60, 62 - for example Bluetooth modules - are activated and are continuously in the search mode. As soon as the electric vehicle 100 with the built-in vehicle unit 3 is about 10 m
  • the Bluetooth connection between the two units is automatically established. If the driver does not wish to charge automatically, there is still the option to deactivate the automatic charging. Then the registration of the vehicle unit 3 on the floor unit 2 is automatically established via the existing Bluetooth connection.
  • 2 LEDs can light up in the floor unit in order to guide the driver to “his” floor unit 2 if there are several floor units 2 in the Area there.
  • the corresponding cover flaps open and expose the floor unit 2 and vehicle unit 3 so that a coupling device 4 can carry out a coupling.
  • a light sensor can be activated in the vehicle unit 3, which searches for the illuminated LEDs of the floor unit 2 in order to then be able to establish an electrical connection in the manner described above.
  • the charging process is interrupted as soon as the driver sends the command to the electric vehicle 100. (e.g. by double pressing on the radio remote control). At the same moment, the LEDs of the base unit 2 are operated again.
  • the vehicle unit 3 thus opens the physical communication contacts via the electrical contact, as a result of which the charging process is ended. As soon as the end of the charging process has been recognized by the vehicle unit 3, the electric vehicle 100 becomes again
  • the coupling device 4 can retract the coupling contact again.
  • FIG. 6 to 11 show a further exemplary embodiment of the charging device 1, wherein here too an electric vehicle 100, which has a traction battery 110, is to be automatically coupled to a charging unit 200.
  • the charging device 1 in turn comprises a vehicle unit 3 which is arranged in the underbody area 120 of the electric vehicle 100 and which at least enables the traction battery 110 to be contacted in order to enable the traction battery 110 to be correspondingly charged when connected to the charging unit 200.
  • a floor unit 2 is also provided, by means of which a
  • Coupling device 4 an electrical contact between the floor unit 2 and the vehicle unit 3 can be made.
  • a vehicle contact area 30 is provided in the vehicle unit 3, in which a coupling contact 40 of the coupling device 4 by a
  • Relative movement between vehicle unit 3 and floor unit 2 can be introduced.
  • the base unit 2 including the coupling device 4 is shown again in a top view in FIG. 7 and in a side view in FIG.
  • the coupling device 4 of the base unit 2 comprises a scissor-shaped one
  • Displacement arm 42 which can move a holding platform 44 in the vehicle longitudinal direction X, a further scissor-shaped lifting arm 46 being provided on the holding platform 44, by means of which the coupling contact 40 can be raised.
  • the coupling contact 40 can by means of the scissors-shaped displacement arm 42
  • Holding platform 44 can be positioned in the longitudinal direction x of the vehicle relative to the vehicle unit 3, and by appropriately lifting the coupling contact 40 by means of the lifting arm 46, the coupling contact 40 can be introduced into the vehicle contact area 30.
  • the vehicle contact area 30, together with the vehicle unit 3, is shown again in FIG. 9.
  • a catch area 32 is provided on the vehicle contact area 30, which enables the coupling contact 40 to be inserted and caught when it is raised by the lifting arm 46 starting from the holding platform 44.
  • the catch area can also be guiding surfaces 34 have.
  • a movement of the coupling contact 40 in the vehicle longitudinal direction X can then take place through the scissor-shaped displacement arm 42, in order in this way to enable the coupling contact 40 to be introduced into the vehicle contact area 30.
  • FIGS. 10 and 11 the floor unit 2 and the vehicle unit 3 are shown again in the two possible end positions, namely in FIG.
  • Figure 1 shows the floor unit 2 with an extended displacement arm 42, which has moved the holding platform 44 into a position such that the coupling contact 40 is inserted into the vehicle contact area 30 of the vehicle unit 3 by means of the lifting arm 46.
  • the floor unit 2 was aligned once in the garage and the driver was parked
  • Electric vehicle 100 as usual.
  • Positioning lighting is then activated on the vehicle unit 3 and can be evaluated by the floor unit 2.
  • the positioning lighting is provided with individual LEDs, which show the position of the vehicle contact area 30.
  • the base unit 2 is able to align the coupling contact 40 under the vehicle until the coupling contact 40 is located under a catch area 32 of the vehicle contact area 30. Then the coupling contact 40 is applied by the lifting arm 46 to the catch area 32 and the displacement arm 42 pulls the coupling contact 40 in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle and is guided through guide surfaces 34 into the vehicle contact area 30 for establishing an electrical connection.
  • the loading process is started in the following.
  • the charging process can be started by
  • Vehicle unit 3 are released.
  • the charging communication is also enabled and activated.
  • the charging process then proceeds as usual.
  • the two scissor arms can be switched freely during the loading process, so that the vehicle can be loaded and unloaded even during the loading process.
  • the loading process is ended by user input or automatically.
  • the electrical connection between the vehicle unit 3 and the floor unit 2 is interrupted at this moment and thus also the charging communication is interrupted.
  • the scissor arms are then reactivated and the coupling contact 40 is moved out of the vehicle contact area 30 by moving the displacement arm 42 in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle.
  • the scissor arms are then retracted again and the electric vehicle is not released until the scissor arms have been completely retracted into the base unit 2.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif de charge (1) destiné à charger une batterie de traction (110) d'un véhicule électrique (100) et comprenant une unité de sol (2) qui est conçue et adaptée pour être disposée dans la zone d'une chaussée destinée au véhicule électrique (100) et pour fournir un courant de charge, et comprenant en outre une unité de véhicule (3) qui est conçue et adaptée pour être disposée dans le dessous de caisse (120) du véhicule électrique (100) et qui est reliée à la batterie de traction (110) pour fournir un courant de charge, et comprenant en outre un dispositif de couplage (4) conçu et adapté pour coupler automatiquement l'unité de sol (2) et l'unité de véhicule (3) l'une à l'autre pour transmettre un courant de charge. Le dispositif de couplage (4) est conçu et adapté de telle sorte que le couplage soit réalisé par un mouvement relatif de l'unité de sol (2) et de l'unité de véhicule (3) dans la direction longitudinale du véhicule.
PCT/EP2019/075477 2018-09-21 2019-09-23 Dispositif de charge pour charger un véhicule électrique WO2020058525A1 (fr)

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DE102018123350.7 2018-09-21
DE102018123350.7A DE102018123350A1 (de) 2018-09-21 2018-09-21 Ladevorrichtung zum Laden eines Elektrofahrzeugs

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