WO2020044287A1 - Support frame system for transportation and surface rotation of structures, and pivoting support method for lifting structures - Google Patents

Support frame system for transportation and surface rotation of structures, and pivoting support method for lifting structures Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020044287A1
WO2020044287A1 PCT/IB2019/057296 IB2019057296W WO2020044287A1 WO 2020044287 A1 WO2020044287 A1 WO 2020044287A1 IB 2019057296 W IB2019057296 W IB 2019057296W WO 2020044287 A1 WO2020044287 A1 WO 2020044287A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
frame
base
structures
skeleton
transport
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Application number
PCT/IB2019/057296
Other languages
Spanish (es)
French (fr)
Inventor
Eusebio SALAMANCA CASTIBLANCO
Original Assignee
Saviv Publicidad Y Cia S.A.S
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Filing date
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Application filed by Saviv Publicidad Y Cia S.A.S filed Critical Saviv Publicidad Y Cia S.A.S
Publication of WO2020044287A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020044287A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
    • B65G7/00—Devices for assisting manual moving or tilting heavy loads
    • B65G7/02—Devices adapted to be interposed between loads and the ground or floor, e.g. crowbars with means for assisting conveyance of loads
    • B65G7/08—Devices adapted to be interposed between loads and the ground or floor, e.g. crowbars with means for assisting conveyance of loads for tilting the loads

Definitions

  • the present invention is within the technological sector of transport devices and more specifically related to external frames or supports that can be assembled externally around objects or structures, especially mechanical structures that by their weight must be manipulated on site by lifting by means of cranes or other devices and machines of grip and heavy load.
  • patent document DE102008051224 discloses a transport pallet for a container that is filled with a liquid material, where the container comprises lateral receptacles and a rear receptacle, where the transport pallet has a base frame with supports in which the receptacles of the container can be accommodated.
  • this design does not fit any container and does not allow the lifting of large elongated structures.
  • the ES 2320481 patent discloses a transport and storage frame, in particular a pallet for elongated objects, which has a stable structure and can be stored in a reduced volume thanks to rotating axes that extend in the direction of the longitudinal axes of the lateral arms.
  • This frame does not allow to safely lift an elongated structure, only its transport.
  • the device of the patent EP1757539 allows the inclination of the transported element, since it has a lower frame associated with the container and with a removable sub-frame, so that the lower frame tilts with respect to the sub-frame; This device does not allow the fully vertical arrangement of the elongated structure, so it would not allow the transported element to be lifted safely.
  • the present invention allows not only the transport of elements of great weight, but protects the transported element, since it is arranged suspended on the ground, without touching it, thanks to its attachment to the racks.
  • One of the frames is pivoting, while the other is non-pivoting; of the pivoting frame thanks to its preferably curved base, which can rest on the floor, allows the transported element to be rotated securely to lift it so that it can be fully vertical with respect to the floor.
  • the present invention provides a method for the safe lifting of elongated structures of great weight and volume.
  • the support frame system for transport and surface rotation of structures (100) and the pivoting support method for lifting structures (3) are related to the technological sector of transport and installation of mechanical structures and supports, or frames external, in general for heavy objects.
  • the support frame system (100) is characterized by implementing frames (1) (2) to which a possible structure (200), or a heavy-weight element (200) can be attached, so that said structure (200 ) is suspended on the ground without touching it; To achieve this effect, the structure (200) is attached to each frame (1) (2) at its ends with a smaller surface area, the rack system being especially useful for the transport and handling of long structures, usually difficult to handle.
  • the support frame system (100) comprises a pivoting frame (1) and a non-pivoting frame (2).
  • the pivoting frame (1) comprises a base (1 1) and a vertical sub-skeleton (12), wherein the base (1 1) is preferably cylindrical and where the vertical sub-skeleton (12) comprises at least one vertical beam (12A) and a series of arms (12B) (12C) and complementary crossbars (12D).
  • the base (1 1) mentioned above is made by curvature of a sheet of a resistant material selected from aluminum, iron, iron alloys, steel, among others; said curvature of the sheet is realized in such a way that the cylinder of the preferred embodiment is formed, to which the vertical sub-skeleton (12) can be attached;
  • a possible optional embodiment of the base (1 1) is carried out by means of the curvature of the sheet so that it is U-shaped when viewed in profile, as in the perspective illustrated in Figure 3.
  • the non-pivoting frame (2) comprises a base sub-skeleton (21) and a vertical sub-skeleton (22), wherein the base sub-skeleton comprises several support beams parallel to the ground and joined together in any configuration of stable support selected from a rectangle, a rhombus, a triangle, in general a closed polygon, an asterisk configuration, among others, preferably a set of beams in rectangular configuration, as illustrated in Figure 5; and in wherein the vertical sub-skeleton (22) comprises at least one vertical beam (22A) that joins the base sub-skeleton (21); for the realization of the base sub-skeleton (21) which is characterized by being related to a rectangle, said vertical beam (22A) joins the middle area of one of its longer sides.
  • the base sub-skeleton comprises several support beams parallel to the ground and joined together in any configuration of stable support selected from a rectangle, a rhombus, a triangle, in general a closed polygon, an asterisk configuration, among others, preferably a set of beams in
  • the joining of said vertical beams (22A) is carried out by means of a method of joining selected welding, rivets, nuts and bolts, among others, preferably welding, and wherein the resistance to mechanical loads of the base-beam arrangement (21) (22A) is complemented by the implementation and joining of diagonal diagonal crossbars that join said vertical beam (22A) in its lower lateral area with the base (1 1) comprised of the pivoting frame (1), as illustrated in the Figure 5; furthermore, in the preferable embodiment of the invention, the connection of the vertical beam (22A) with the base sub-skeleton (21) is also implemented by means of an additional reinforcing cross member (22B) that joins the upper rear area of said vertical beam (22A) with one of the horizontal beams that forms the base sub-skeleton (21), so that said crossbar (22B) is characterized by being positioned obliquely and serving as a structural reinforcement for the non-pivoting frame ( two).
  • the present invention also relates to a pivotal support procedure for lifting, that is, lifting and installation, of large structures and / or weight.
  • the process according to the invention comprises the steps of supporting the element of large size and / or weight at the base of one of the frames.
  • the racks allow to support the element on the floor, without any contact between the floor and the element; likewise, the racks allow to move, assemble, pack, transport and install the element; they grab the element to arrange it on a means of transport; protect the element; and, allow the element to be attached to the means of transport.
  • the heavyweight element is held by a clamping element, for example, a crane hook, by one of its ends.
  • the clamping element is lifted, so that the heavy-weight element rests solely on the base of one of the frames, said heavy-weight element being able to rotate while using said base as a support and pivot.
  • This procedure allows the transport and installation of elements of large size, weight and / or volume, these elements being assembled prior to transport, thus minimizing the time spent in the installation, since it is not necessary to make the assembly in the place, but simply do the installation at the default site for that purpose. All this without the element touching the floor is important because it minimizes the use of resources and time, even allows you to assemble additional elements to the structure of the element; Likewise, it allows the assembly of parts
  • Figure 1 shows the frame system (100), in a lateral isometric view, while holding a generic structure (200) without it being in contact with the ground.
  • the non-pivoting frame (2) can be seen especially well.
  • Figure 2 shows the frame system (100), in a lateral isometric view, while holding a generic structure (200) without it being in contact with the ground.
  • the pivoting frame (1) can be especially well appreciated ⁇
  • Figure 3 shows the frame system (100), in a side view, while holding a generic structure (200) without it being in contact with the ground.
  • Figure 4 shows the pivoting frame (1) from a front isometric view, on the left, and from a rear isometric view, on the right.
  • the base (1 1) and the vertical sub-skeleton (12) are detailed.
  • Figure 5 shows the non-pivoting frame (2) from a rear isometric view, on the left, and from a front isometric view, on the right.
  • the base sub skeleton (21) and the vertical sub-skeleton (22) are detailed.
  • Figure 6 shows some of the stages of the lifting procedure (3), or pivoting method (3), for example the erection of a generic structure (2) from a transport position to a vertical position, in the stage detailed with ( c).
  • FIG. 7 illustrates a possible embodiment of the frame system (100), in which each frame comprises a wheel structure that provides greater ease of surface movement.
  • Figure 8 details the lifting procedure (3) through the use of the rack system (100).
  • the support frame system for transport and surface rotation of structures (100) and the pivoting support method for lifting structures (3) are related to the technological sector of transport and installation of mechanical structures and supports, or frames external, in general for heavy objects.
  • the support frame system (100) is characterized by implementing frames (1) (2) to which a possible structure (200), or a heavy-weight element (200) can be attached, so that said structure (200 ) is suspended on the ground without touching it; to achieve this effect, the structure (200) is holds each frame (1) (2) at its ends with a smaller surface area, the rack system being especially useful for transporting and handling long structures, usually difficult to handle.
  • the support frame system (100) comprises a pivoting frame (1) and a non-pivoting frame (2).
  • the pivoting frame (1) comprises a base (1 1) preferably curved and a vertical sub skeleton (12), wherein the base (1 1) is preferably cylindrical and wherein the vertical sub-skeleton (12) comprises at least a vertical beam (12A) and a series of arms (12B) (12C) and complementary crossbars (12D).
  • the base (1 1) preferably curve mentioned above is made by curvature of a sheet of a resistant material selected from aluminum, iron, iron alloys, steel, among others; said curvature of the sheet is realized in such a way that the cylinder of the preferred embodiment is formed, to which the vertical sub-skeleton (12) can be attached; a possible optional embodiment of the base (1 1) is carried out by means of the curvature of the sheet so that it is related to a U shape when viewed in profile, as in the perspective illustrated in Figure 3.
  • the pivoting frame (1 ) anyone can pivot on a base (1 1), gradually leaning on a single corner or leg of a structure that is not necessarily curved; the base can be related to a polygon or conjunction of any segment, for example, a rectangle, the conjunction of two triangles, an "H" shaped ax, among others.
  • the "vertical" denomination of the vertical sub-skeleton (12) corresponds to the normal transport position in which said part is arranged, and in the same or similar way it occurs with the "vertical” denomination of various elements within the present specification .
  • the vertical sub-skeleton (12), comprised of the pivoting frame (12), comprises in its preferred embodiment two vertical beams (12A) that join the outer surface of the base (1 1) comprised of the pivoting frame (1 ), in its middle area, as illustrated in Figure 4; wherein said vertical beams (12A) are preferably made in such a way that they are related to the same length.
  • the joining of said vertical beams (12A) is carried out by a method of selected joint of welding, rivets, nuts and bolts, among others, preferably welding, and where the resistance to mechanical loads of the base-beam arrangement (1 1) (12A) is complemented by the implementation and joining of complementary diagonal crossbars which connect each vertical beam (12A) in its outer lateral low area with the base (1 1) comprised of the pivoting frame (1), as illustrated in Figure 4.
  • Said vertical sub-skeleton (12) further comprises a central arm (12B) and an upper arm (12C), wherein each arm (12B) (12C) is related to a beam shape that joins perpendicularly and in the same plane that the vertical beam (12A) comprised of the vertical sub-skeleton (12), such that it is related to a horizontal position, as can be seen in the illustration of Figure 4.
  • the central arm (12B) is positioned in the longitudinal mean area of the pair of vertical beams (12A) comprised by the vertical sub-skeleton (12), and preferably relates to a horizontal beam comprising a break perpendicular upward at each end, as illustrated in Figure 4; the upper arm (12C) is positioned in the longitudinal upper area of the pair of vertical beams (12A), as illustrated in Figure 4.
  • Each vertical beam (12A) and each arm (12B) (12C) optionally comprises at least a hole through which a piece can be inserted that holds the pivoting frame (1) to a possible structure to be transported, wherein said piece can be a screw in conjunction with a nut, among other fasteners.
  • said objects are grasped by means of ties, by means of guides, ropes or mechanical cables.
  • the non-pivoting frame (2) comprises a base sub-skeleton (21) and a vertical sub-skeleton (22), wherein the base sub-skeleton comprises several support beams parallel to the ground and joined together in any configuration of stable support selected from a rectangle, a rhombus, a triangle, in general a closed polygon, an asterisk configuration, a conjunction of segments in general, among others, preferably a set of beams in rectangular configuration, as illustrated in Figure 5 ; and where the vertical sub-skeleton (22) it comprises at least one vertical beam (22A) that joins the base sub-skeleton (21); for the realization of the base sub-skeleton (21) which is characterized by being related to a rectangle, said vertical beam (22A) joins the middle area of one of its longer sides.
  • the base sub-skeleton comprises several support beams parallel to the ground and joined together in any configuration of stable support selected from a rectangle, a rhombus, a triangle, in general a closed polygon, an asterisk configuration, a conjunction of
  • the joining of said vertical beams (22A) is carried out by means of a method of joining selected welding, rivets, nuts and bolts, among others, preferably welding, and wherein the resistance to mechanical loads of the base-beam arrangement (21) (22A) is complemented by the implementation and joining of diagonal diagonal crossbars that join said vertical beam (22A) in its lower lateral area with the base (1 1) comprised of the pivoting frame (1), as illustrated in the Figure 5; furthermore, in the preferable embodiment of the invention, the connection of the vertical beam (22A) with the base sub-skeleton (21) is also implemented by means of an additional reinforcing cross member (22B) that joins the upper rear area of said vertical beam (22A) with one of the horizontal beams that forms the base sub-skeleton (21), so that said crossbar (22B) is characterized by being positioned obliquely and serving as a structural reinforcement for the non-pivoting frame ( two).
  • the vertical sub-skeleton (22) comprised of the non-pivoting frame (2) is characterized by mostly comprising beams in any polygonal or figure configuration and that allows the fastening of mechanical loads, generally organized in the same plane as it is perpendicular to the expected ground plane; for the purpose of fastening to mechanical loads such as structures, one or more of the beams that make up the vertical sub-skeleton (22) comprises holes through which a screw or a rivet can be introduced that holds said mechanical load to said beam.
  • the vertical sub-skeleton (22) comprised of the non-pivoting frame (2) optionally has the incorporation of central arms and upper arms, with characteristics that conform to that described above for the central arm (12B) and upper arm (12C) comprised of the pivoting frame (1).
  • the vertical sub-skeleton (22) has additional reinforcement beams, such as a horizontal beam (22C) between the vertical beam (22A) and one of the complementary crossbars (22B).
  • the support frame system (100) is intended for transport by fastening a possible structure (200) to at least two frames (1) (2) as described above, the implementation of more than one frame ( 1) (2) at each end of a possible structure (200) of interest is within the spirit of the present invention, for example, according to the weight and ease of coupling and decoupling of the system (100), it is It is possible to implement a linear arrangement of pivoting frames (1) at one end of the possible structure (200) of interest, together with a linear arrangement of non-pivoting frames (2) at its other end.
  • the pivoting frame (1) preferably comprises flat plates in their upper area, such that the rotation of the pivoting frame (1) is limited by the effect of a possible shock and mechanical stress between the floor and each of said flat plates, such as The illustration of Figure 4 is intuited.
  • the presence of said flat plates contributes to grip for a possible embodiment of the pivoting frame (1), wherein to said frame (1), a wheel structure is coupled in its base (1 1), such that movement is facilitated in the transport position of the system (100); and likewise, the non-pivoting frame (2) also has a wheel structure, in said possible embodiment of the invention.
  • the present invention relates to a method for pivotal lifting of heavyweight elements, which is summarized in Figure 8.
  • the method for pivotally lifting heavyweight elements comprises the step of supporting the heavyweight element. , by its ends of smaller surface area, in a pair of racks, one of which will be used as pivoting support.
  • the racks allow to support the element of great weight and / or size on the floor, without the element having contact with the floor; likewise, the racks protect the element and allow it to be transported and installed, according to the steps set out below.
  • the element of great weight is held by means of a fastener selected from a hook, a rope, a guava, among others, preferably the hook of a crane, at its opposite end to the end that rests on one of the racks.
  • a fastener selected from a hook, a rope, a guava, among others, preferably the hook of a crane, at its opposite end to the end that rests on one of the racks.
  • the clamping element is lifted, so that the heavy-weight element rests solely on the base of one of the frames, said heavy-weight element being able to rotate while using said base as a support and pivot. In this way, the element of interest is hoisted up to a vertical and suspended position above the ground.
  • the frame that is at this time of the procedure in the lower area of the element of great weight is removed, lifting the floor structure. Subsequently, the element is located at the final positioning site and is brought into contact with the ground.
  • the frame and the clamping element that is currently in the upper area of the heavyweight element are removed.
  • a ring or ring is introduced in the element of great weight, in one of its ends of smaller surface area or directly in the frame arranged in said extreme. In this mode, the inserted ring or ring is removed when the frames are removed.
  • a gripping guide is arranged between two ends of the element and above it, preferably in a horizontal position, and the heavy element is held by means of this guide near the point of gravity of the element, being able to move said element, for example, from the assembly area to the transport means, or from the transport means to the installation area, without the element rotating substantially vertically.
  • the heavyweight element is placed in the final position, it is fixed by means of static fasteners selected from nuts, rivets, welding, among others.
  • the process according to the invention allows the transport and installation of elements of large size, weight and / or volume, these elements being assembled prior to transport, thus minimizing the time spent in the installation, since it is not necessary to do the assembly in place, but simply do the installation in the default site for that purpose.

Abstract

The support frame structure (100) is characterised by the use of frames (1) (2) to which a structure (200) or heavy element (200) can be attached in such a way that the structure (200) is suspended above the ground without touching same. To achieve the desired result, one of the smaller-surface-area ends of the structure (200) is attached to each of the frames (1) (2). The support frame structure is particularly useful for transporting and handling long structures which are normally difficult to handle. The support frame system (100) comprises a pivoting frame (1) and a non-pivoting frame (2). To achieve the desired result, each frame (1) (2) comprises a vertical sub-framework (12) (22), and the pivoting frame comprises a base (11) that can rest on the ground and rotate while the structure-frame combination (200) (1) (2) is being supported by the base (11). The invention also relates to a procedure (3) for lifting and pivoting structures using frames (1) (2) and specifically a base (11).

Description

SISTEMA DE BASTIDORES DE APOYO PARA TRANSPORTE Y ROTACIÓN EN SUPERFICIE DE ESTRUCTURAS Y MÉTODO DE APOYO PIVOTANTE PARA LEVANTAMIENTO DE ESTRUCTURAS  SYSTEM OF SUPPORT FRAMES FOR TRANSPORT AND ROTATION IN SURFACE OF STRUCTURES AND PIVOTING SUPPORT METHOD FOR LIFTING OF STRUCTURES
SECTOR TECNOLÓGICO: TECHNOLOGICAL SECTOR:
La presente invención se encuentra dentro del sector tecnológico de los dispositivos de transporte y más específicamente relacionados con armazones o soportes externos que pueden ensamblarse de manera externa alrededor de objetos o estructuras, especialmente estructuras mecánicas que por su peso deban ser manipuladas en sitio mediante la elevación por medio de grúas u otros dispositivos y máquinas de agarre y carga pesada. The present invention is within the technological sector of transport devices and more specifically related to external frames or supports that can be assembled externally around objects or structures, especially mechanical structures that by their weight must be manipulated on site by lifting by means of cranes or other devices and machines of grip and heavy load.
ANTECEDENTES DE LA INVENCIÓN: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION:
En el sector tecnológico que abarca el transporte, desplazamiento, manipulación e instalación de estructuras mecánicas, existen desafíos que radican principalmente en la correcta manipulación al momento de transportar e instalar las estructuras en el sitio de destino sin que las mismas sufran daños y de manera que se garantice una rapidez aceptable en la instalación. Dado el peso y posible extensión dimensional de ciertas estructuras mecánicas, es en ocasiones común que se decida transportar la estructura mecánica por partes para su posterior unión en sitio, con técnicas tales como la soldadura, el remachado o la unión mediante tornillos y tuercas de carga pesada. Dicha soldadura en sitio suele facilitar la manipulación en el transporte a costa de un incremento en el tiempo y riesgo de la instalación en sitio, puesto que se intercambia una labor de unión de piezas que podría realizarse en el sitio de producción por una labor que se realiza mientras diversos operarios interactúan con las piezas en alturas de riesgo. In the technological sector that covers the transport, displacement, manipulation and installation of mechanical structures, there are challenges that lie mainly in the correct manipulation at the time of transporting and installing the structures at the destination site without them being damaged and so that an acceptable speed in the installation is guaranteed. Given the weight and possible dimensional extension of certain mechanical structures, it is sometimes common to decide to transport the mechanical structure in parts for later joining on site, with techniques such as welding, riveting or joining by screws and load nuts heavy Said welding on site usually facilitates the handling in transport at the cost of an increase in the time and risk of the installation on site, since a work of joining pieces that could be performed at the production site is exchanged for a work that is performs while various operators interact with the pieces at heights of risk.
Por lo general las herramientas empleadas en el transporte de elementos pesados y de gran volumen no permiten el levantamiento de la estructura de manera segura. Algunos mecanismos se han implementado, por ejemplo, el documento de patente DE102008051224 divulga una paleta de transporte para un contenedor que se llena con un material líquido, en donde el contenedor comprende receptáculos laterales y un receptáculo trasero, en donde la paleta de transporte tiene un bastidor de base con soportes en los cuales se pueden acomodar los receptáculos del contenedor. Sin embargo, este diseño no se adapta a cualquier contenedor y no permite el levantamiento de estructuras alargadas de gran tamaño. In general, the tools used to transport heavy and high volume elements do not allow the structure to be lifted safely. Some mechanisms have been implemented, for example, patent document DE102008051224 discloses a transport pallet for a container that is filled with a liquid material, where the container comprises lateral receptacles and a rear receptacle, where the transport pallet has a base frame with supports in which the receptacles of the container can be accommodated. However, this design does not fit any container and does not allow the lifting of large elongated structures.
Por otra parte, la patente ES 2320481 da a conocer un bastidor de transporte y almacenamiento, en particular una paleta para objetos alargados, que tiene una estructura estable y se puede almacenar en un volumen reducido gracias a ejes de giro que se extienden en la dirección de los ejes longitudinales de los brazos laterales. Este bastidor no permite izar de manera segura una estructura alargada, solo su transporte. On the other hand, the ES 2320481 patent discloses a transport and storage frame, in particular a pallet for elongated objects, which has a stable structure and can be stored in a reduced volume thanks to rotating axes that extend in the direction of the longitudinal axes of the lateral arms. This frame does not allow to safely lift an elongated structure, only its transport.
Si bien el dispositivo de la patente EP1757539 permite la inclinación del elemento transportado, toda vez que cuenta con un bastidor inferior asociado con el contenedor y con un sub-bastidor desmontable, de manera que el bastidor inferior se inclina respecto del sub-bastidor; este dispositivo no permite la disposición totalmente vertical de la estructura alargada, por lo que no permitiría izar totalmente el elemento transportado de manera segura. Although the device of the patent EP1757539 allows the inclination of the transported element, since it has a lower frame associated with the container and with a removable sub-frame, so that the lower frame tilts with respect to the sub-frame; This device does not allow the fully vertical arrangement of the elongated structure, so it would not allow the transported element to be lifted safely.
La presente invención permite no solo el transporte de elementos de gran peso, sino que protege al elemento transportado, toda vez que este se dispone suspendido sobre el suelo, sin tocar el mismo, gracias a su sujeción a los bastidores. Uno de los bastidores es pivotante, mientas que el otro es no-pivotante; del bastidor pivotante gracias a su base preferiblemente curva, que puede apoyarse sobre el piso, permite girar de manera segura el elemento transportado para levantarlo de manera que pueda quedar totalmente vertical respecto del piso. Asimismo, la presente invención proporciona un procedimiento para el levantamiento seguro de estructuras alargadas de gran peso y volumen. The present invention allows not only the transport of elements of great weight, but protects the transported element, since it is arranged suspended on the ground, without touching it, thanks to its attachment to the racks. One of the frames is pivoting, while the other is non-pivoting; of the pivoting frame thanks to its preferably curved base, which can rest on the floor, allows the transported element to be rotated securely to lift it so that it can be fully vertical with respect to the floor. Also, the present invention provides a method for the safe lifting of elongated structures of great weight and volume.
BREVE DESCRIPCIÓN DE LA INVENCIÓN El sistema de bastidores de apoyo para transporte y rotación en superficie de estructuras (100) y el método de apoyo pivotante para levantamiento de estructuras (3) se encuentran relacionados con el sector tecnológico del transporte e instalación de estructuras mecánicas y los soportes, o armazones externos, en general para objetos pesados. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The support frame system for transport and surface rotation of structures (100) and the pivoting support method for lifting structures (3) are related to the technological sector of transport and installation of mechanical structures and supports, or frames external, in general for heavy objects.
El sistema de bastidores de apoyo (100) se caracteriza por implementar bastidores (1 ) (2) a los cuales se puede sujetar una posible estructura (200), o un elemento de gran peso (200), de manera que dicha estructura (200) se encuentra suspendida sobre el suelo sin tocar el mismo; para lograr dicho efecto, la estructura (200) se sujeta a cada bastidor (1 ) (2) en sus extremos de menor área superficial, siendo el sistema de bastidores especialmente útil para el transporte y manipulación de estructuras largas, normalmente de difícil manipulación. El sistema de bastidores de apoyo (100) comprende un bastidor pivotante (1 ) y un bastidor no-pivotante (2). The support frame system (100) is characterized by implementing frames (1) (2) to which a possible structure (200), or a heavy-weight element (200) can be attached, so that said structure (200 ) is suspended on the ground without touching it; To achieve this effect, the structure (200) is attached to each frame (1) (2) at its ends with a smaller surface area, the rack system being especially useful for the transport and handling of long structures, usually difficult to handle. The support frame system (100) comprises a pivoting frame (1) and a non-pivoting frame (2).
El bastidor pivotante (1 ) comprende una base (1 1 ) y un sub-esqueleto vertical (12), en donde la base (1 1 ) es preferiblemente cilindrica y en donde el sub-esqueleto vertical (12) comprende por lo menos una viga vertical (12A) y una serie de brazos (12B) (12C) y travesaños complementarios (12D). La base (1 1 ) mencionada con anterioridad se realiza mediante la curvatura de una lámina de un material resistente seleccionado de aluminio, hierro, aleaciones de hierro, acero, entre otros; dicha curvatura de la lámina se realiza de tal manera que se conforma el cilindro de la realización preferida, al cual se puede unir el sub-esqueleto vertical (12); una posible realización opcional de la base (1 1 ) se realiza mediante la curvatura de la lámina para que se relacione con forma de U cuando se ve de perfil, como en la perspectiva ilustrada en la Figura 3. The pivoting frame (1) comprises a base (1 1) and a vertical sub-skeleton (12), wherein the base (1 1) is preferably cylindrical and where the vertical sub-skeleton (12) comprises at least one vertical beam (12A) and a series of arms (12B) (12C) and complementary crossbars (12D). The base (1 1) mentioned above is made by curvature of a sheet of a resistant material selected from aluminum, iron, iron alloys, steel, among others; said curvature of the sheet is realized in such a way that the cylinder of the preferred embodiment is formed, to which the vertical sub-skeleton (12) can be attached; A possible optional embodiment of the base (1 1) is carried out by means of the curvature of the sheet so that it is U-shaped when viewed in profile, as in the perspective illustrated in Figure 3.
El bastidor no-pivotante (2) comprende un sub-esqueleto base (21 ) y un sub- esqueleto vertical (22), en donde el sub-esqueleto base comprende varias vigas de apoyo paralelas al suelo y unidas entre sí en cualquier configuración de apoyo estable seleccionada de un rectángulo, un rombo, un triángulo, en general un polígono cerrado, una configuración de asterisco, entre otros, preferiblemente un conjunto de vigas en configuración rectangular, como se ilustra en la Figura 5; y en donde el sub-esqueleto vertical (22) comprende por lo menos una viga vertical (22A) que se une al sub-esqueleto base (21 ); para la realización del sub-esqueleto base (21 ) que se caracteriza por relacionarse con un rectángulo, dicha viga vertical (22A) se une al área media de uno de sus lados de mayor longitud. Además, la unión de dicha vigas vertical (22A) se realiza mediante un método de unión seleccionado de soldadura, remaches, tuercas y tornillos, entre otros, preferiblemente soldadura, y en donde la resistencia a cargas mecánicas del arreglo base-vigas (21 ) (22A) se complementa mediante la implementación y unión de travesaños complementarios en diagonal que unen a dicha viga vertical (22A) en su área baja lateral con la base (1 1 ) comprendida por el bastidor pivotante (1 ), como se ilustra en la Figura 5; además, en la realización preferible de la invención, se implementa la unión de la viga vertical (22A) con el sub-esqueleto base (21 ) también por medio de un travesaño (22B) adicional de refuerzo que une el área trasera superior de dicha viga vertical (22A) con una de las vigas horizontales que conforma el sub-esqueleto base (21 ), de manera que dicho travesaño (22B) se caracteriza por posicionarse de manera oblicua y por servir como refuerzo estructural para el bastidor no-pivotante (2). The non-pivoting frame (2) comprises a base sub-skeleton (21) and a vertical sub-skeleton (22), wherein the base sub-skeleton comprises several support beams parallel to the ground and joined together in any configuration of stable support selected from a rectangle, a rhombus, a triangle, in general a closed polygon, an asterisk configuration, among others, preferably a set of beams in rectangular configuration, as illustrated in Figure 5; and in wherein the vertical sub-skeleton (22) comprises at least one vertical beam (22A) that joins the base sub-skeleton (21); for the realization of the base sub-skeleton (21) which is characterized by being related to a rectangle, said vertical beam (22A) joins the middle area of one of its longer sides. Furthermore, the joining of said vertical beams (22A) is carried out by means of a method of joining selected welding, rivets, nuts and bolts, among others, preferably welding, and wherein the resistance to mechanical loads of the base-beam arrangement (21) (22A) is complemented by the implementation and joining of diagonal diagonal crossbars that join said vertical beam (22A) in its lower lateral area with the base (1 1) comprised of the pivoting frame (1), as illustrated in the Figure 5; furthermore, in the preferable embodiment of the invention, the connection of the vertical beam (22A) with the base sub-skeleton (21) is also implemented by means of an additional reinforcing cross member (22B) that joins the upper rear area of said vertical beam (22A) with one of the horizontal beams that forms the base sub-skeleton (21), so that said crossbar (22B) is characterized by being positioned obliquely and serving as a structural reinforcement for the non-pivoting frame ( two).
La presente invención también se refiere a un procedimiento de apoyo pivotante para el levantamiento, esto es, izamiento e instalación, de estructuras de gran tamaño y/o peso. El proceso según la invención comprende las etapas de apoyar el elemento de gran tamaño y/o peso en la base de uno de los bastidores. Los bastidores permiten apoyar el elemento sobre el piso, sin que haya contacto entre el piso y el elemento; así mismo, los bastidores permiten mover, ensamblar, embalar, transportar e instalar el elemento; agarran al elemento para disponerlo sobre un medio de transporte; protegen al elemento; y, permiten sujetar el elemento al medio de transporte. The present invention also relates to a pivotal support procedure for lifting, that is, lifting and installation, of large structures and / or weight. The process according to the invention comprises the steps of supporting the element of large size and / or weight at the base of one of the frames. The racks allow to support the element on the floor, without any contact between the floor and the element; likewise, the racks allow to move, assemble, pack, transport and install the element; they grab the element to arrange it on a means of transport; protect the element; and, allow the element to be attached to the means of transport.
El elemento de gran peso se sujeta por medio de un elemento de sujeción, por ejemplo, un gancho de grúa, por uno de sus extremos. El elemento de sujeción se levanta, de manera que el elemento de gran peso se apoya únicamente en la base de uno de los bastidores, pudiendo rotar dicho elemento de gran peso mientras se usa dicha base como apoyo y pivote. Una vez el elemento de gran peso se encuentra en posición vertical, y ligeramente suspendido, se retira el bastidor que se encuentra en este momento del procedimiento en el área inferior del elemento de gran peso. Una vez el elemento de gran peso se encuentra en la posición final, se retira el bastidor y el elemento de sujeción que se encuentra en este momento en el área superior del elemento. The heavyweight element is held by a clamping element, for example, a crane hook, by one of its ends. The clamping element is lifted, so that the heavy-weight element rests solely on the base of one of the frames, said heavy-weight element being able to rotate while using said base as a support and pivot. Once the element of great weight is is in an upright position, and slightly suspended, the frame that is at this time of the procedure in the lower area of the heavyweight element is removed. Once the heavyweight element is in the final position, the frame and the clamping element that is currently in the upper area of the element are removed.
Este procedimiento permite el transporte e instalación de elementos de gran tamaño, peso y/o volumen, siendo estos elementos ensamblados de manera previa al transporte, por lo que minimiza el tiempo empleado en la instalación, toda vez que no es necesario hacer el ensamble en el lugar, sino simplemente hacer la instalación en el sitio predeterminado para tal fin. Todo esto sin que el elemento, toque el piso es importante porque minimiza el empleo de recursos y tiempo, incluso permite ensamblar elementos adicionales a la estructura del elemento; así mismo, permite el ensamble de piezas This procedure allows the transport and installation of elements of large size, weight and / or volume, these elements being assembled prior to transport, thus minimizing the time spent in the installation, since it is not necessary to make the assembly in the place, but simply do the installation at the default site for that purpose. All this without the element touching the floor is important because it minimizes the use of resources and time, even allows you to assemble additional elements to the structure of the element; Likewise, it allows the assembly of parts
Cuando el elemento de gran tamaño no tiene la forma que permita el agarre del bastidor, se incorpora otro elemento When the large element does not have the shape that allows the grip of the frame, another element is incorporated
DESCRIPCIÓN DE LAS FIGURAS: DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES:
La Figura 1 muestra el sistema de bastidores (100), en una vista isométrica lateral, mientras sujeta una estructura genérica (200) sin que la misma se encuentre en contacto con el suelo. Se puede apreciar especialmente bien el bastidor no- pivotante (2). Figure 1 shows the frame system (100), in a lateral isometric view, while holding a generic structure (200) without it being in contact with the ground. The non-pivoting frame (2) can be seen especially well.
La Figura 2 muestra el sistema de bastidores (100), en una vista isométrica lateral, mientras sujeta una estructura genérica (200) sin que la misma se encuentre en contacto con el suelo. Se puede apreciar especialmente bien el bastidor pivotante (1 )· Figure 2 shows the frame system (100), in a lateral isometric view, while holding a generic structure (200) without it being in contact with the ground. The pivoting frame (1) can be especially well appreciated ·
La Figura 3 muestra el sistema de bastidores (100), en una vista lateral, mientras sujeta una estructura genérica (200) sin que la misma se encuentre en contacto con el suelo. La Figura 4 muestra el bastidor pivotante (1 ) desde una vista isométrica frontal, a la izquierda, y desde una vista isométrica trasera, a la derecha. Se detalla la base (1 1 ) y el sub-esqueleto vertical (12). Figure 3 shows the frame system (100), in a side view, while holding a generic structure (200) without it being in contact with the ground. Figure 4 shows the pivoting frame (1) from a front isometric view, on the left, and from a rear isometric view, on the right. The base (1 1) and the vertical sub-skeleton (12) are detailed.
La Figura 5 muestra el bastidor no-pivotante (2) desde una vista isométrica trasera, a la izquierda, y desde una vista isométrica frontal, a la derecha. Se detalla el sub esqueleto base (21 ) y el sub-esqueleto vertical (22). Figure 5 shows the non-pivoting frame (2) from a rear isometric view, on the left, and from a front isometric view, on the right. The base sub skeleton (21) and the vertical sub-skeleton (22) are detailed.
La Figura 6 muestra algunas de las etapas del procedimiento de levantamiento (3), o método pivotante (3), por ejemplo la erección de una estructura genérica (2) desde una posición de transporte a una posición vertical, en la etapa detallada con (c). Figure 6 shows some of the stages of the lifting procedure (3), or pivoting method (3), for example the erection of a generic structure (2) from a transport position to a vertical position, in the stage detailed with ( c).
La Figura 7 ilustra una posible realización del sistema de bastidores (100), en el que cada bastidor comprende una estructura de ruedas que brinda una mayor facilidad de movimiento en superficie. Figure 7 illustrates a possible embodiment of the frame system (100), in which each frame comprises a wheel structure that provides greater ease of surface movement.
La Figura 8 detalla el procedimiento de levantamiento (3) por medio del uso del sistema de bastidores (100). Figure 8 details the lifting procedure (3) through the use of the rack system (100).
DESCRIPCIÓN DETALLADA DE LA INVENCIÓN DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
El sistema de bastidores de apoyo para transporte y rotación en superficie de estructuras (100) y el método de apoyo pivotante para levantamiento de estructuras (3) se encuentran relacionados con el sector tecnológico del transporte e instalación de estructuras mecánicas y los soportes, o armazones externos, en general para objetos pesados. The support frame system for transport and surface rotation of structures (100) and the pivoting support method for lifting structures (3) are related to the technological sector of transport and installation of mechanical structures and supports, or frames external, in general for heavy objects.
El sistema de bastidores de apoyo (100) se caracteriza por implementar bastidores (1 ) (2) a los cuales se puede sujetar una posible estructura (200), o un elemento de gran peso (200), de manera que dicha estructura (200) se encuentra suspendida sobre el suelo sin tocar el mismo; para lograr dicho efecto, la estructura (200) se sujeta a cada bastidor (1 ) (2) en sus extremos de menor área superficial, siendo el sistema de bastidores especialmente útil para el transporte y manipulación de estructuras largas, normalmente de difícil manipulación. El sistema de bastidores de apoyo (100) comprende un bastidor pivotante (1 ) y un bastidor no-pivotante (2). The support frame system (100) is characterized by implementing frames (1) (2) to which a possible structure (200), or a heavy-weight element (200) can be attached, so that said structure (200 ) is suspended on the ground without touching it; to achieve this effect, the structure (200) is holds each frame (1) (2) at its ends with a smaller surface area, the rack system being especially useful for transporting and handling long structures, usually difficult to handle. The support frame system (100) comprises a pivoting frame (1) and a non-pivoting frame (2).
El bastidor pivotante (1 ) comprende una base (1 1 ) preferiblemente curva y un sub esqueleto vertical (12), en donde la base (1 1 ) es preferiblemente cilindrica y en donde el sub-esqueleto vertical (12) comprende por lo menos una viga vertical (12A) y una serie de brazos (12B) (12C) y travesaños complementarios (12D). La base (1 1 ) preferiblemente curva mencionada con anterioridad se realiza mediante la curvatura de una lámina de un material resistente seleccionado de aluminio, hierro, aleaciones de hierro, acero, entre otros; dicha curvatura de la lámina se realiza de tal manera que se conforma el cilindro de la realización preferida, al cual se puede unir el sub-esqueleto vertical (12); una posible realización opcional de la base (1 1 ) se realiza mediante la curvatura de la lámina para que se relacione con forma de U cuando se ve de perfil, como en la perspectiva ilustrada en la Figura 3. En general el bastidor pivotante (1 ) puede pivotar sobre una base (1 1 ) cualquiera apoyándose gradualmente en una sola esquina o pata de una estructura que no necesariamente es curva; la base puede relacionarse con un polígono o conjunción de segmentos cualquiera, por ejemplo, un rectángulo, la conjunción de dos triángulos, una forma de hache“H”, entre otros. The pivoting frame (1) comprises a base (1 1) preferably curved and a vertical sub skeleton (12), wherein the base (1 1) is preferably cylindrical and wherein the vertical sub-skeleton (12) comprises at least a vertical beam (12A) and a series of arms (12B) (12C) and complementary crossbars (12D). The base (1 1) preferably curve mentioned above is made by curvature of a sheet of a resistant material selected from aluminum, iron, iron alloys, steel, among others; said curvature of the sheet is realized in such a way that the cylinder of the preferred embodiment is formed, to which the vertical sub-skeleton (12) can be attached; a possible optional embodiment of the base (1 1) is carried out by means of the curvature of the sheet so that it is related to a U shape when viewed in profile, as in the perspective illustrated in Figure 3. In general, the pivoting frame (1 ) anyone can pivot on a base (1 1), gradually leaning on a single corner or leg of a structure that is not necessarily curved; the base can be related to a polygon or conjunction of any segment, for example, a rectangle, the conjunction of two triangles, an "H" shaped ax, among others.
La denominación“vertical” del sub-esqueleto vertical (12) corresponde a la posición normal de transporte en la que se dispone dicha pieza, y de manera idéntica o similar ocurre con la denominación“vertical” de diversos elementos dentro de la presente memoria descriptiva. The "vertical" denomination of the vertical sub-skeleton (12) corresponds to the normal transport position in which said part is arranged, and in the same or similar way it occurs with the "vertical" denomination of various elements within the present specification .
El sub-esqueleto vertical (12), comprendido por el bastidor pivotante (12), comprende en su realización preferida dos vigas verticales (12A) que se unen a la superficie externa de la base (1 1 ) comprendida por el bastidor pivotante (1 ), en su área media, como se ilustra en la Figura 4; en donde dichas vigas verticales (12A) se realizan preferiblemente de tal manera que se relacionan con la misma longitud. Además, la unión de dichas vigas verticales (12A) se realiza mediante un método de unión seleccionado de soldadura, remaches, tuercas y tornillos, entre otros, preferiblemente soldadura, y en donde la resistencia a cargas mecánicas del arreglo base-vigas (1 1 ) (12A) se complementa mediante la implementación y unión de travesaños complementarios en diagonal que unen a cada viga vertical (12A) en su área baja lateral externa con la base (1 1 ) comprendida por el bastidor pivotante (1 ), como se ilustra en la Figura 4. The vertical sub-skeleton (12), comprised of the pivoting frame (12), comprises in its preferred embodiment two vertical beams (12A) that join the outer surface of the base (1 1) comprised of the pivoting frame (1 ), in its middle area, as illustrated in Figure 4; wherein said vertical beams (12A) are preferably made in such a way that they are related to the same length. In addition, the joining of said vertical beams (12A) is carried out by a method of selected joint of welding, rivets, nuts and bolts, among others, preferably welding, and where the resistance to mechanical loads of the base-beam arrangement (1 1) (12A) is complemented by the implementation and joining of complementary diagonal crossbars which connect each vertical beam (12A) in its outer lateral low area with the base (1 1) comprised of the pivoting frame (1), as illustrated in Figure 4.
Dicho sub-esqueleto vertical (12) comprende además un brazo central (12B) y un brazo superior (12C), en donde cada brazo (12B) (12C) se relaciona con una forma de viga que se une perpendicularmente y en el mismo plano que la viga vertical (12A) comprendida por el sub-esqueleto vertical (12), de tal manera que se relaciona con una posición horizontal, como se puede apreciar en la ilustración de la Figura 4. El brazo central (12B) se posiciona en el área media longitudinal del par de vigas verticales (12A) comprendidas por el sub-esqueleto vertical (12), y se relaciona preferiblemente con una viga horizontal que comprende un quiebre perpendicular hacia arriba en cada extremo, como se ilustra en la Figura 4; el brazo superior (12C) se posiciona en el área superior longitudinal del par de vigas verticales (12A), como se ilustra en la Figura 4. Cada viga vertical (12A) y cada brazo (12B) (12C) comprende opcionalmente por lo menos un orificio a través del cual se puede insertar una pieza que sujete el bastidor pivotante (1 ) a una posible estructura a ser transportada, en donde dicha pieza puede ser un tornillo en conjunción con una tuerca, entre otros elementos de sujeción. En una realización posible de la sujeción de una posible estructura (200) al sub-esqueleto vertical (12), se agarran dichos objetos por medio de amarres mediante guayas, cuerdas o cables mecánicos. Said vertical sub-skeleton (12) further comprises a central arm (12B) and an upper arm (12C), wherein each arm (12B) (12C) is related to a beam shape that joins perpendicularly and in the same plane that the vertical beam (12A) comprised of the vertical sub-skeleton (12), such that it is related to a horizontal position, as can be seen in the illustration of Figure 4. The central arm (12B) is positioned in the longitudinal mean area of the pair of vertical beams (12A) comprised by the vertical sub-skeleton (12), and preferably relates to a horizontal beam comprising a break perpendicular upward at each end, as illustrated in Figure 4; the upper arm (12C) is positioned in the longitudinal upper area of the pair of vertical beams (12A), as illustrated in Figure 4. Each vertical beam (12A) and each arm (12B) (12C) optionally comprises at least a hole through which a piece can be inserted that holds the pivoting frame (1) to a possible structure to be transported, wherein said piece can be a screw in conjunction with a nut, among other fasteners. In a possible embodiment of the fastening of a possible structure (200) to the vertical sub-skeleton (12), said objects are grasped by means of ties, by means of guides, ropes or mechanical cables.
El bastidor no-pivotante (2) comprende un sub-esqueleto base (21 ) y un sub- esqueleto vertical (22), en donde el sub-esqueleto base comprende varias vigas de apoyo paralelas al suelo y unidas entre sí en cualquier configuración de apoyo estable seleccionada de un rectángulo, un rombo, un triángulo, en general un polígono cerrado, una configuración de asterisco, un conjunción de segmentos en general, entre otros, preferiblemente un conjunto de vigas en configuración rectangular, como se ilustra en la Figura 5; y en donde el sub-esqueleto vertical (22) comprende por lo menos una viga vertical (22A) que se une al sub-esqueleto base (21 ); para la realización del sub-esqueleto base (21 ) que se caracteriza por relacionarse con un rectángulo, dicha viga vertical (22A) se une al área media de uno de sus lados de mayor longitud. Además, la unión de dicha vigas vertical (22A) se realiza mediante un método de unión seleccionado de soldadura, remaches, tuercas y tornillos, entre otros, preferiblemente soldadura, y en donde la resistencia a cargas mecánicas del arreglo base-vigas (21 ) (22A) se complementa mediante la implementación y unión de travesaños complementarios en diagonal que unen a dicha viga vertical (22A) en su área baja lateral con la base (1 1 ) comprendida por el bastidor pivotante (1 ), como se ilustra en la Figura 5; además, en la realización preferible de la invención, se implementa la unión de la viga vertical (22A) con el sub-esqueleto base (21 ) también por medio de un travesaño (22B) adicional de refuerzo que une el área trasera superior de dicha viga vertical (22A) con una de las vigas horizontales que conforma el sub-esqueleto base (21 ), de manera que dicho travesaño (22B) se caracteriza por posicionarse de manera oblicua y por servir como refuerzo estructural para el bastidor no-pivotante (2). The non-pivoting frame (2) comprises a base sub-skeleton (21) and a vertical sub-skeleton (22), wherein the base sub-skeleton comprises several support beams parallel to the ground and joined together in any configuration of stable support selected from a rectangle, a rhombus, a triangle, in general a closed polygon, an asterisk configuration, a conjunction of segments in general, among others, preferably a set of beams in rectangular configuration, as illustrated in Figure 5 ; and where the vertical sub-skeleton (22) it comprises at least one vertical beam (22A) that joins the base sub-skeleton (21); for the realization of the base sub-skeleton (21) which is characterized by being related to a rectangle, said vertical beam (22A) joins the middle area of one of its longer sides. Furthermore, the joining of said vertical beams (22A) is carried out by means of a method of joining selected welding, rivets, nuts and bolts, among others, preferably welding, and wherein the resistance to mechanical loads of the base-beam arrangement (21) (22A) is complemented by the implementation and joining of diagonal diagonal crossbars that join said vertical beam (22A) in its lower lateral area with the base (1 1) comprised of the pivoting frame (1), as illustrated in the Figure 5; furthermore, in the preferable embodiment of the invention, the connection of the vertical beam (22A) with the base sub-skeleton (21) is also implemented by means of an additional reinforcing cross member (22B) that joins the upper rear area of said vertical beam (22A) with one of the horizontal beams that forms the base sub-skeleton (21), so that said crossbar (22B) is characterized by being positioned obliquely and serving as a structural reinforcement for the non-pivoting frame ( two).
El sub-esqueleto vertical (22) comprendido por el bastidor no-pivotante (2) se caracteriza por comprender en su mayoría vigas en cualquier configuración poligonal o de figura y que permita la sujeción de cargas mecánicas, organizadas en general en un mismo plano que es perpendicular al plano esperado del suelo; para efectos de la sujeción a cargas mecánicas tales como estructuras, una o varias de las vigas que conforman el sub-esqueleto vertical (22) comprende orificios a través de los cuales se puede introducir un tornillo o un remache que sujete dicha carga mecánica a dicha viga. El sub-esqueleto vertical (22) comprendido por el bastidor no-pivotante (2) cuenta opcionalmente con la incorporación de brazos centrales y brazos superiores, con características que se ajustan a lo descrito con anterioridad para el brazo central (12B) y brazo superior (12C) comprendido por el bastidor pivotante (1 ). Preferiblemente, el sub-esqueleto vertical (22) cuenta con vigas de refuerzo adicionales, tales como una viga horizontal (22C) entre la viga vertical (22A) y uno de los travesaños complementarios (22B). El sistema de bastidores de apoyo (100) está pensado para el transporte mediante la sujeción de una posible estructura (200) a por lo menos dos bastidores (1 ) (2) como los descritos con anterioridad, la implementación de más de un bastidor (1 ) (2) en cada extremo de una posible estructura (200) de interés se encuentra dentro del espíritu de la presente invención, por ejemplo, de acuerdo con el peso y la facilidad en el acople y desacople del sistema (100), es posible implementar un arreglo lineal de bastidores pivotantes (1 ) en un extremo de la posible estructura (200) de interés, junto con un arreglo lineal de bastidores no-pivotantes (2) en su otro extremo. The vertical sub-skeleton (22) comprised of the non-pivoting frame (2) is characterized by mostly comprising beams in any polygonal or figure configuration and that allows the fastening of mechanical loads, generally organized in the same plane as it is perpendicular to the expected ground plane; for the purpose of fastening to mechanical loads such as structures, one or more of the beams that make up the vertical sub-skeleton (22) comprises holes through which a screw or a rivet can be introduced that holds said mechanical load to said beam. The vertical sub-skeleton (22) comprised of the non-pivoting frame (2) optionally has the incorporation of central arms and upper arms, with characteristics that conform to that described above for the central arm (12B) and upper arm (12C) comprised of the pivoting frame (1). Preferably, the vertical sub-skeleton (22) has additional reinforcement beams, such as a horizontal beam (22C) between the vertical beam (22A) and one of the complementary crossbars (22B). The support frame system (100) is intended for transport by fastening a possible structure (200) to at least two frames (1) (2) as described above, the implementation of more than one frame ( 1) (2) at each end of a possible structure (200) of interest is within the spirit of the present invention, for example, according to the weight and ease of coupling and decoupling of the system (100), it is It is possible to implement a linear arrangement of pivoting frames (1) at one end of the possible structure (200) of interest, together with a linear arrangement of non-pivoting frames (2) at its other end.
El bastidor pivotante (1 ) comprende preferiblemente placas planas en su área superior, de tal manera que se limite el giro del bastidor pivotante (1 ) por efecto de un posible choque y esfuerzo mecánico entre el piso y cada una de dichas placas planas, como se intuye de la ilustración de la Figura 4. Además, la presencia de dichas placas planas contribuye a dar agarre para una posible realización del bastidor pivotante (1 ), en donde a dicho bastidor (1 ), se acopla una estructura de ruedas en su base (1 1 ), de tal manera que se facilita el movimiento en la posición de transporte del sistema (100); y así mismo, el bastidor no-pivotante (2) también cuenta con una estructura de ruedas, en dicha realización posible de la invención. The pivoting frame (1) preferably comprises flat plates in their upper area, such that the rotation of the pivoting frame (1) is limited by the effect of a possible shock and mechanical stress between the floor and each of said flat plates, such as The illustration of Figure 4 is intuited. In addition, the presence of said flat plates contributes to grip for a possible embodiment of the pivoting frame (1), wherein to said frame (1), a wheel structure is coupled in its base (1 1), such that movement is facilitated in the transport position of the system (100); and likewise, the non-pivoting frame (2) also has a wheel structure, in said possible embodiment of the invention.
Además, la presente invención se refiere a un procedimiento para el levantamiento pivotante de elementos de gran peso, el cual se resume en la Figura 8. El procedimiento para el levantamiento pivotante de elementos de gran peso comprende la etapa de apoyar el elemento de gran peso, por sus extremos de menor área superficial, en un par de bastidores, uno de los cuales se utilizará como apoyo pivotante. Los bastidores permiten apoyar el elemento de gran peso y/o tamaño sobre el piso, sin que el elemento tenga contacto con el piso; así mismo, los bastidores protegen el elemento y permiten transportarlo e instalarlo, conforme a las etapas que se exponen a continuación. In addition, the present invention relates to a method for pivotal lifting of heavyweight elements, which is summarized in Figure 8. The method for pivotally lifting heavyweight elements comprises the step of supporting the heavyweight element. , by its ends of smaller surface area, in a pair of racks, one of which will be used as pivoting support. The racks allow to support the element of great weight and / or size on the floor, without the element having contact with the floor; likewise, the racks protect the element and allow it to be transported and installed, according to the steps set out below.
Una vez el elemento de gran peso y/o tamaño se agarra a los bastidores, el elemento de gran peso se sujeta por medio de un elemento de sujeción seleccionado de un gancho, una cuerda, una guaya, entre otros, preferiblemente el gancho de una grúa, por su extremo opuesto al extremo que se apoya en uno de los bastidores. Once the element of great weight and / or size is gripped to the racks, the element of great weight is held by means of a fastener selected from a hook, a rope, a guava, among others, preferably the hook of a crane, at its opposite end to the end that rests on one of the racks.
El elemento de sujeción se levanta, de manera que el elemento de gran peso se apoya únicamente en la base de uno de los bastidores, pudiendo rotar dicho elemento de gran peso mientras se usa dicha base como apoyo y pivote. De esta manera, se iza el elemento de interés hasta llevarlo a una posición vertical y de suspensión por encima del suelo. The clamping element is lifted, so that the heavy-weight element rests solely on the base of one of the frames, said heavy-weight element being able to rotate while using said base as a support and pivot. In this way, the element of interest is hoisted up to a vertical and suspended position above the ground.
Una vez el elemento de gran peso y/o tamaño se encuentra en posición vertical y ligeramente suspendido, se retira el bastidor que se encuentra en este momento del procedimiento en el área inferior del elemento de gran peso, levantando la estructura del suelo. Posteriormente, se ubica el elemento en el sitio de posicionamiento final y se pone en contacto con el suelo. Once the element of great weight and / or size is in a vertical position and slightly suspended, the frame that is at this time of the procedure in the lower area of the element of great weight is removed, lifting the floor structure. Subsequently, the element is located at the final positioning site and is brought into contact with the ground.
Una vez el elemento de gran peso se encuentra en la posición final, se retira el bastidor y el elemento de sujeción que se encuentra en este momento en el área superior del elemento de gran peso. Once the heavyweight element is in the final position, the frame and the clamping element that is currently in the upper area of the heavyweight element are removed.
En una modalidad de la invención, una vez se ha dispuesto la estructura de gran peso en los bastidores, se introduce un aro o argolla en el elemento de gran peso, en uno de sus extremos de menor área superficial o directamente en el bastidor dispuesto en dicho extremo. En esta modalidad, el aro o argolla introducido se retira cuando se remueven los bastidores. In one embodiment of the invention, once the structure of great weight has been arranged in the frames, a ring or ring is introduced in the element of great weight, in one of its ends of smaller surface area or directly in the frame arranged in said extreme. In this mode, the inserted ring or ring is removed when the frames are removed.
En otra modalidad de la invención, se dispone una guaya de agarre entre dos extremos del elemento y por encima del mismo, preferiblemente en posición horizontal, y se sujeta el elemento pesado por medio de esta guaya cerca al punto de gravedad del elemento, pudiéndose trasladar dicho elemento, por ejemplo, desde el área de ensamble hasta el medio de transporte, o del medio de transporte al área de instalación, sin que el elemento rote verticalmente de manera sustancial. En una modalidad de la invención, una vez el elemento de gran peso se ubica en la posición final, se fija mediante elementos de sujeción estática seleccionados de tuercas, remaches, soldadura, entre otros. El procedimiento según la invención permite el transporte e instalación de elementos de gran tamaño, peso y/o volumen, siendo estos elementos ensamblados de manera previa al transporte, por lo que minimiza el tiempo empleado en la instalación, toda vez que no es necesario hacer el ensamble en el lugar, sino simplemente hacer la instalación en el sitio predeterminado para tal fin. In another embodiment of the invention, a gripping guide is arranged between two ends of the element and above it, preferably in a horizontal position, and the heavy element is held by means of this guide near the point of gravity of the element, being able to move said element, for example, from the assembly area to the transport means, or from the transport means to the installation area, without the element rotating substantially vertically. In one embodiment of the invention, once the heavyweight element is placed in the final position, it is fixed by means of static fasteners selected from nuts, rivets, welding, among others. The process according to the invention allows the transport and installation of elements of large size, weight and / or volume, these elements being assembled prior to transport, thus minimizing the time spent in the installation, since it is not necessary to do the assembly in place, but simply do the installation in the default site for that purpose.
Las figuras presentadas en esta descripción corresponden a propósitos meramente ilustrativos de la invención. Se da a entender que las figuras descritas no limitan el alcance de la invención divulgada. Una persona versada en el arte es capaz de concebir modificaciones posteriores a los principios determinados en el presente documento. The figures presented in this description correspond to merely illustrative purposes of the invention. It is implied that the figures described do not limit the scope of the disclosed invention. A person versed in art is capable of conceiving modifications subsequent to the principles determined in this document.
Aunque algunas modalidades de la invención se describen en la presente descripción, se apreciará que numerosas modificaciones y otras modalidades pueden concebirse por aquellos expertos en la materia con posterioridad a la divulgación de la presente invención. Por ejemplo, las características aquí descritas pueden aplicarse en otras modalidades. Por lo tanto, se entenderá que las reivindicaciones anexas pretenden cubrir todas las modificaciones y modalidades que están dentro del espíritu y alcance de la presente descripción. Although some embodiments of the invention are described in the present description, it will be appreciated that numerous modifications and other modalities can be devised by those skilled in the art after the disclosure of the present invention. For example, the features described here can be applied in other modalities. Therefore, it will be understood that the appended claims are intended to cover all modifications and modalities that are within the spirit and scope of this description.

Claims

REIVINDICACIONES
1. Un sistema de bastidores de apoyo (100) para transporte y rotación en superficie de estructuras caracterizado porque comprende: 1. A support frame system (100) for transport and surface rotation of structures characterized in that it comprises:
un bastidor pivotante (1 ) que comprende una base (1 1 ) seleccionada de un polígono, conjunción de segmentos, curva, forma de hache“H”, entre otros, que puede apoyarse sobre el piso y girar mientras el conjunto estructura-bastidores (200) (1 ) (2) se apoya sobre dicha base (1 1 ); y  a pivoting frame (1) comprising a base (1 1) selected from a polygon, segment combination, curve, ax shape "H", among others, which can rest on the floor and rotate while the frame-frame assembly ( 200) (1) (2) rests on said base (1 1); Y
un bastidor no pivotante (2) que comprende un sub-esqueleto base (21 ) que comprende vigas de apoyo paralelas al suelo, unidas entre sí y dispuestas en una configuración estable;  a non-pivoting frame (2) comprising a base sub-skeleton (21) comprising support beams parallel to the ground, joined together and arranged in a stable configuration;
en el que cada bastidor (1 ) (2) puede acoplarse como soporte externo para una posible estructura (200). in which each frame (1) (2) can be coupled as an external support for a possible structure (200).
2. El sistema de bastidores de apoyo (100) para transporte y rotación en superficie de estructuras de la reivindicación 1 caracterizado porque el bastidor pivotante (1 ) comprende un sub-esqueleto vertical (12). 2. The support frame system (100) for transport and surface rotation of structures of claim 1 characterized in that the pivoting frame (1) comprises a vertical sub-skeleton (12).
3. El sistema de bastidores de apoyo (100) para transporte y rotación en superficie de estructuras de la reivindicación 1 caracterizado porque el sub- esqueleto vertical (12) del bastidor pivotante (1 ) comprende una o más vigas verticales (12A) que se unen a la superficie externa de su base (1 1 ); brazos (12B) (12C) y travesaños complementarios (12D). 3. The support frame system (100) for transport and surface rotation of structures of claim 1 characterized in that the vertical sub-skeleton (12) of the pivoting frame (1) comprises one or more vertical beams (12A) which is join the outer surface of its base (1 1); arms (12B) (12C) and complementary crossbars (12D).
4. El sistema de bastidores de apoyo (100) para transporte y rotación en superficie de estructuras de la reivindicación 1 caracterizado porque la base (1 1 ) se selecciona de una base cilindrica y una base en forma de U. 4. The support frame system (100) for transport and surface rotation of structures of claim 1 characterized in that the base (1 1) is selected from a cylindrical base and a U-shaped base.
5. El sistema de bastidores de apoyo (100) para transporte y rotación en superficie de estructuras de la reivindicación 1 caracterizado porque el bastidor no pivotante (2) comprende un sub-esqueleto vertical (22). 5. The support frame system (100) for transport and surface rotation of structures of claim 1 characterized in that the non-pivoting frame (2) comprises a vertical sub-skeleton (22).
6. El sistema de bastidores de apoyo (100) para transporte y rotación en superficie de estructuras de la reivindicación 5 caracterizado porque el sub- esqueleto vertical (22) del bastidor no pivotante (2) comprende una o más vigas verticales (22A) que se unen al sub-esqueleto base (21 ); y uno más travesaños complementarios (22B) de refuerzo que unen el área trasera superior de una o más vigas verticales (22A) con el sub-esqueleto base (21 ). 6. The support frame system (100) for transport and surface rotation of structures of claim 5 characterized in that the sub- vertical skeleton (22) of the non-pivoting frame (2) comprises one or more vertical beams (22A) that join the base sub-skeleton (21); and one more complementary reinforcing crossbars (22B) that join the upper rear area of one or more vertical beams (22A) with the base sub-skeleton (21).
7. El sistema de bastidores de apoyo (100) para transporte y rotación en superficie de estructuras de la reivindicación 6 caracterizado porque el sub- esqueleto vertical (22) comprende vigas de refuerzo seleccionadas de una o más vigas horizontales (22C), dispuestas entre las vigas verticales (22A) y uno de los travesaños complementarios (22B). 7. The support frame system (100) for transport and surface rotation of structures of claim 6 characterized in that the vertical sub-skeleton (22) comprises reinforcement beams selected from one or more horizontal beams (22C), arranged between the vertical beams (22A) and one of the complementary crossbars (22B).
8. El sistema de bastidores de apoyo (100) para transporte y rotación en superficie de estructuras de la reivindicación 1 caracterizado porque la configuración estable de las vigas de apoyo del sub-esqueleto base (21 ) se seleccionan de un rectángulo, un rombo, un triángulo, en general un polígono cerrado y una configuración de asterisco, entre otras. 8. The support frame system (100) for transport and surface rotation of structures of claim 1 characterized in that the stable configuration of the support beams of the base sub-skeleton (21) is selected from a rectangle, a rhombus, a triangle, in general a closed polygon and an asterisk configuration, among others.
9. Un procedimiento para el levantamiento pivotante de elementos de gran peso que comprende las etapas de apoyar el elemento de gran peso, por sus extremos de menor área superficial, en un par de bastidores; sujetar el elemento de gran peso por medio de un elemento de sujeción seleccionado de un gancho, una cuerda, una guaya, entre otros, por su extremo opuesto al extremo que se apoya en el bastidor que servirá de apoyo pivotante; levantar el elemento de sujeción, apoyando elemento de gran peso únicamente en la base del bastidor pivotante; rotar el elemento de gran peso sobre la base del bastidor pivotante; izar el elemento de gran peso hasta posición vertical; retirar el bastidor que se encuentra en este momento del procedimiento en el área inferior del elemento de gran peso; ubicar el elemento en el sitio de posicionamiento final; y, retirar el bastidor y el elemento de sujeción que se encuentra en este momento en el área superior del elemento de gran peso. 9. A method for pivotally lifting heavy elements comprising the steps of supporting the heavyweight element, at its ends of smaller surface area, on a pair of frames; holding the heavyweight element by means of a fastening element selected from a hook, a rope, a guava, among others, by its opposite end to the end that rests on the frame that will serve as a pivotal support; lift the clamping element, supporting heavy weight element only at the base of the pivoting frame; rotate the heavyweight element on the base of the pivoting frame; hoist the heavy weight element upright; remove the frame that is currently in the procedure in the lower area of the heavyweight element; locate the element in the final positioning site; and, remove the frame and the fastener that is currently in the upper area of the heavyweight element.
10. El procedimiento para el levantamiento pivotante de elementos de gran tamaño y peso de la reivindicación 9 caracterizado porque una vez se ha dispuesto la estructura de gran peso en los bastidores se introduce un aro o argolla en uno del bastidor y el elemento de gran peso, por uno de los extremos de menor área superficial del elemento de gran peso. 10. The method for the pivotal lifting of large and heavy weight elements of claim 9 characterized in that once the heavy weight structure has been arranged in the frames, a ring or ring is introduced into one of the frame and the element of great weight, by one of the ends of smaller surface area of the element of great weight.
11. El procedimiento para el levantamiento pivotante de elementos de gran tamaño y peso de la reivindicación 9 caracterizado porque luego de apoyar el elemento de gran peso por sus extremos de menor área superficial en el par de bastidores, se dispone una guaya de agarre entre los dos extremos del elemento de gran tamaño y peso a los que están apoyados los bastidores y por encima del elemento de gran tamaño y peso; se sujeta el elemento pesado por medio de esta guaya cerca al punto de gravedad del elemento; y se desplaza horizontalmente. 11. The method for pivotally lifting large and light weight elements of claim 9, characterized in that after supporting the heavy weight element at its ends with a smaller surface area in the pair of frames, a grip guage is arranged between the two ends of the element of large size and weight to which the racks are supported and above the element of large size and weight; the heavy element is fastened by means of this guide near the point of gravity of the element; and it moves horizontally.
12. El procedimiento para el levantamiento pivotante de elementos de gran tamaño y peso de la reivindicación 9 caracterizado porque una vez el elemento de gran tamaño y peso se ubica en la posición final, se fija mediante elementos de sujeción estática seleccionados de tuercas, remaches, soldadura, entre otros. 12. The method for pivotally lifting large and heavy weight elements of claim 9, characterized in that once the large and heavy weight element is placed in the final position, it is fixed by means of static fasteners selected from nuts, rivets, welding, among others.
PCT/IB2019/057296 2018-08-29 2019-08-29 Support frame system for transportation and surface rotation of structures, and pivoting support method for lifting structures WO2020044287A1 (en)

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DE3925188C1 (en) * 1989-07-29 1990-10-31 Fr. Gerbracht Stahlblech- Und Behaelterbau Gmbh & Co Kg, 5758 Froendenberg-Langschede, De Oblong container with support frame - has parallel rails on top to accommodate rollers on further containers
WO1999009255A1 (en) * 1997-08-14 1999-02-25 Faun Municipal Vehicles Limited Device for the laying of a traversable temporary roadway system
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