WO2020042572A1 - 一种微动开关的防尘结构 - Google Patents

一种微动开关的防尘结构 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020042572A1
WO2020042572A1 PCT/CN2019/076790 CN2019076790W WO2020042572A1 WO 2020042572 A1 WO2020042572 A1 WO 2020042572A1 CN 2019076790 W CN2019076790 W CN 2019076790W WO 2020042572 A1 WO2020042572 A1 WO 2020042572A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
terminal
dust
contact
pressing member
upper cover
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Application number
PCT/CN2019/076790
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
余正明
彭建兵
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惠州市正牌科电有限公司
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Application filed by 惠州市正牌科电有限公司 filed Critical 惠州市正牌科电有限公司
Publication of WO2020042572A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020042572A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H13/00—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch
    • H01H13/02—Details
    • H01H13/04—Cases; Covers
    • H01H13/06—Dustproof, splashproof, drip-proof, waterproof or flameproof casings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H13/00—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch
    • H01H13/02—Details
    • H01H13/12—Movable parts; Contacts mounted thereon
    • H01H13/14—Operating parts, e.g. push-button
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H13/00—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch
    • H01H13/02—Details
    • H01H13/26—Snap-action arrangements depending upon deformation of elastic members
    • H01H13/36—Snap-action arrangements depending upon deformation of elastic members using flexing of blade springs

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of switches, in particular to a dustproof structure of a micro-switch.
  • Micro switch is a contact mechanism with a small contact interval and a fast-acting mechanism that uses a specified stroke and a predetermined force to perform switching operations. Because the contact distance of the switch is relatively small, it is also called a micro switch, also known as a sensitive switch. Micro-switches are used for automatic control and safety protection in equipment that requires frequent circuit changes. They are widely used in electronic equipment, instruments, mines, power systems, household appliances, electrical equipment, and aerospace, aviation, ships, missiles, Military fields such as tanks. As a control element, a micro-switch usually needs to cooperate with other components to switch on or off signals or circuits.
  • the existing micro switch Due to the small internal space of the micro switch, the accuracy of each component's operation is high. If there is dust inside, the sensitivity will be greatly reduced.
  • the existing micro switch has a gap in the housing and the position of the pressing member, and there is no corresponding dustproof structure, and dust and the like easily enter the housing through the gap to affect the normal operation of the switch.
  • the pressing member of the dust-proof and waterproof structure is composed of a button and silicone, which not only fails to realize the pressing member as a whole detached from the upper cover to perform the pressing movement, but also requires additional use of silicone or similar elastic extension materials to achieve Dust protection is no longer sufficient to meet the increasingly demanding user experience.
  • a dustproof structure of a micro switch includes a base and an upper cover.
  • the upper cover is mounted on the base.
  • a mounting hole is preset on the upper cover.
  • a pressing member is installed in the mounting hole, and the upper end of the pressing member extends out of the upper cover.
  • the pressing member On the upper end surface, the pressing member includes a pocket for blocking dust and a button connected to the pocket, and one or more grooves are provided between the button and the pocket.
  • one or more dust-proof protrusions extending downward are provided in the lower part of the mounting hole, and the dust-proof protrusions extend into the grooves.
  • the dustproof structure of the micro switch further includes a terminal inserted on the base and an elastic piece which is in contact with the terminal.
  • the elastic piece includes a tongue piece disposed at or near the middle portion, an elastic piece contact provided on one side of the tongue piece, and a force bearing area provided on the other side of the tongue piece, and the force bearing area is in contact with the pressing member.
  • the outer wall and the upper end surface of the upper part of the base are provided with a dust-proof step surface around the outer periphery of the upper part of the base, and the inner wall and the lower end surface of the lower part of the upper cover are provided with a sealing step surface closely contacting the dust-proof step surface.
  • the base is further provided with an inverted buckle
  • the upper cover is also provided with a hanging hole matching the inverted buckle.
  • the lower surface of the upper cover is provided with a limiting protrusion extending downward, and the limiting protrusion surrounds the outer periphery of the pocket table and is in sliding contact with the outer wall of the pocket table.
  • the button extends beyond the mounting hole, and the mounting hole has the same cross-sectional shape as the upper portion of the button.
  • the terminal includes a first terminal, a second terminal, and a third terminal inserted on the base, the first terminal is in contact with the elastic piece, and the elastic piece contact can be connected with the first piece within the travel range of the tongue piece.
  • the second or third terminal is in contact.
  • the pressing member further includes a lower protrusion that is in contact with the bearing region.
  • the first terminal is provided with a first cross bar for supporting the elastic piece, and the first cross bar is provided with a lower protrusion.
  • a second crossbar is provided on the upper part of the second terminal, a terminal contact for contacting the spring contact to conduct a signal is provided on the second crossbar, and a third is provided on the upper part of the third terminal.
  • Crossbar is provided in the downward slot.
  • the third cross bar is located above the second cross bar, and the spring contact is disposed between the second cross bar and the third cross bar.
  • the spring contact may be connected with the travel range of the tongue.
  • the second or third terminal is in contact.
  • the pressing member moves downward for a preset distance, and the spring contact contacts the terminal contacts on the second crossbar within the travel range of the tongue; the pressing member moves upward for a preset distance, the spring contact is within the travel range of the tongue Make contact with the third crossbar.
  • the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
  • the dust-proof and waterproof structure of the pressing member is composed of a handle + silica gel, which cannot be completely disengaged to perform a downward movement.
  • the dust-proof structure of the micro-switch of the present invention does not need to be introduced through clever design. Silicone, the dustproof pocket can be moved down as a whole. A groove is provided on the upper surface of the pressing member and a protrusion is provided on the lower surface of the mounting hole. The protrusion is caught in the groove, and the dust is protected by the cooperation of the groove and the protrusion. Effectively prevent dust from entering from the connection between the pressing member and the upper cover, and between the upper cover and the base, and improve the stability and service life of the micro switch.
  • the limit protrusions provided on the upper cover can also form multiple dust barriers according to actual needs, effectively blocking and reducing dust from entering the switch from the gap between the upper cover and buttons and the pocket, and effectively ensuring the pressing parts
  • the sliding up and down is smooth and smooth, without shaking, and the work is more stable and reliable.
  • FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of a dustproof structure of a micro switch in Embodiment 1.
  • FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of a dustproof structure of a micro switch in Embodiment 1.
  • FIG. 2 is an exploded view of a dustproof structure of a micro switch in Embodiment 1.
  • FIG. 2 is an exploded view of a dustproof structure of a micro switch in Embodiment 1.
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a dustproof structure of a micro switch in Embodiment 1.
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a dustproof structure of a micro switch in Embodiment 1.
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a dustproof structure of a micro switch in Embodiment 1.
  • FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a dustproof structure of a micro switch in Embodiment 2.
  • FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a dustproof structure of a micro switch in Embodiment 2.
  • FIG. 7 is a three-dimensional perspective view of a pressing member in Embodiment 2.
  • FIG. 7 is a three-dimensional perspective view of a pressing member in Embodiment 2.
  • FIG. 8 is a three-dimensional perspective view of a pressing member in Embodiment 3.
  • FIG. 8 is a three-dimensional perspective view of a pressing member in Embodiment 3.
  • FIG. 9 is a three-dimensional perspective view of a pressing member in Embodiment 4.
  • FIG. 9 is a three-dimensional perspective view of a pressing member in Embodiment 4.
  • FIG. 10 is a three-dimensional perspective view of a pressing member in Embodiment 5.
  • FIG. 10 is a three-dimensional perspective view of a pressing member in Embodiment 5.
  • FIG. 11 is a three-dimensional perspective view of a pressing member in Embodiment 6.
  • FIG. 11 is a three-dimensional perspective view of a pressing member in Embodiment 6.
  • FIG. 12 is a three-dimensional perspective view of a pressing member in Embodiment 7.
  • FIG. 12 is a three-dimensional perspective view of a pressing member in Embodiment 7.
  • FIG. 13 is a three-dimensional perspective view of a pressing member in Embodiment 8.
  • FIG. 13 is a three-dimensional perspective view of a pressing member in Embodiment 8.
  • FIG. 14 is a three-dimensional perspective view of a pressing member in Embodiment 9.
  • FIG. 14 is a three-dimensional perspective view of a pressing member in Embodiment 9.
  • FIG. 15 is a three-dimensional perspective view of a pressing member in Embodiment 10.
  • FIG. 15 is a three-dimensional perspective view of a pressing member in Embodiment 10.
  • FIG. 16 is a three-dimensional perspective view of a pressing member in Embodiment 11.
  • FIG. 16 is a three-dimensional perspective view of a pressing member in Embodiment 11.
  • FIG. 17 is a three-dimensional perspective view of a pressing member in Embodiment 12.
  • FIG. 17 is a three-dimensional perspective view of a pressing member in Embodiment 12.
  • Embodiment 18 is a cross-sectional view of a dustproof structure of a micro-switch in Embodiment 13.
  • FIG. 19 is an enlarged view of an area A in FIG. 18.
  • Embodiment 1 of the present invention includes:
  • a dustproof structure of a micro-switch includes a base 10, an upper cover 20, a first terminal 50, a second terminal 60, a third terminal 70, and a spring piece 30 that are in contact with and connected to the first terminal 50.
  • the upper cover 20 is mounted on the base 10, and a mounting hole 21 is preset in the upper cover 20.
  • a pressing member 40 is installed in the mounting hole 21. The upper end of the pressing member 40 extends from the upper end surface of the upper cover 20.
  • the pressing member 40 includes A pocket 41 for blocking dust and a button 42 connected to the pocket 41. A groove 43 is provided between the button 42 and the pocket 41.
  • a dust-proof protrusion 22 extending downward is provided at the lower part of the mounting hole 21, and the dust-proof protrusion 22 extends.
  • the elastic piece 30 includes a tongue piece 31 disposed at or near the middle portion, an elastic piece contact 32 provided on one side of the tongue piece 31, and a bearing area 33 provided on the other side of the tongue piece 31, and the bearing area 33 is in contact with the pressing member 40, and the spring contact 32 can contact the second terminal 60 or the third terminal 70 within the stroke range of the tongue 31.
  • the pressing member 40 further includes a lower protrusion 44 in contact with the bearing area 33.
  • a first cross bar 51 for supporting the elastic piece 30 is provided on the upper portion of the first terminal 50.
  • An opening window is provided beside the bearing area 33 of the elastic piece 30. The elastic piece The window is fastened and installed on the first cross bar 51.
  • the front end of the tongue piece 31 is clamped in the recess of the side wall of the first cross bar 51, and the first cross bar 51 is provided with a lower projection 44 for descending.
  • Slot 52 a second cross bar 61 is provided on the upper part of the second terminal 60, a terminal contact for contacting the spring contact 32 to conduct a signal is provided on the second cross bar 61, and a third is provided on the upper part of the third terminal 70
  • the cross bar 71 and the third cross bar 71 are located above the second cross bar 61, and the spring contact 32 is disposed between the second cross bar 61 and the third cross bar 71.
  • the push-piece pocket projection 45 abuts on the inner wall of the upper cover, the dust-proof projection (22) is connected to the side wall of the button, and the limit projection 24 is connected to the outer wall of the pocket to form a complete dust-proof structure.
  • the dust-proof protrusion 22 and the limit protrusion 24 can block the dust and block the dust in the groove. In 43, dust is effectively blocked and reduced from entering the inside of the switch through the gap between the upper cover and the button and the pocket.
  • the protrusion 45 of the pressing member abuts on the inner wall of the upper cover.
  • the pressing member 40 is pushed down, the pressing member 40 as a whole is separated from the upper cover 20 a certain distance.
  • the terminal contacts on the two cross bars 61 are in contact with each other; the pressing member 40 travels a distance, and the spring contact 32 is separated from the terminal contacts and contacts the third cross bar 71 within the travel range of the tongue 31.
  • the upper cover 20 and the base 10 are integrally connected with each other at a later stage, in order to prevent dust from entering the inside of the micro switch through the gap between the upper cover 20 and the base 10, the upper outer wall and upper end of the base 10 are provided with a base around the base. 10
  • the dust-proof step surface 11 on the outer periphery of the upper part, and the inner wall and the lower end surface of the lower cover 20 are provided with a sealing step surface in close contact with the dust-proof step surface 11.
  • This structure makes the contact surface of the base 10 and the upper cover 20 form an L-shape.
  • the curved surface as shown by the hatched line in FIG. 2, can effectively prevent dust from entering the interior through the gap between the upper cover 20 and the base 10.
  • the base 10 is also provided with an inverted buckle 12, and the upper cover 20 is also provided with a matching buckle 12
  • the hanging hole 23 and the inverted buckle 12 are tightly contacted with the sealing step surface when the inverted buckle 12 is caught in the hanging hole 23.
  • the inverted buckle 12 is caught in the hanging hole 23 to prevent the upper cover 20 from falling off the base 10.
  • the lower surface of the upper cover 20 is provided with a limiting protrusion 24 extending downward, and the limiting protrusion 24 surrounds the outer periphery of the pocket 41 And the sliding contact with the outer wall of the pocket 41, the position-limiting protrusion 24 plays a good role of guiding and limiting the vertical movement of the pressing member 40.
  • the button 42 extends out of the mounting hole 21, the mounting hole 21 has a cross-section, the pocket 41 is circular, and the button 42 is a round cross.
  • Embodiment 2 of the present invention includes:
  • the pressing member 240 in Embodiment 2 includes a circular pocket 241, a cross-shaped button 242, a first groove 243, a first pocket protrusion 244, a second groove 245, and a second pocket protrusion.
  • the first cover is provided with a first dust-proof projection 221, a second dust-proof projection 223, and a limit projection 225, between the first dust-proof projection 221 and the second dust-proof projection 223 It is a first recessed groove 222, and a second recessed groove 224 is formed between the second dustproof protrusion 223 and the limiting protrusion 225.
  • the first dust-proof projection 221 is inserted into the first groove 243
  • the first pocket projection 244 is inserted into the first recessed groove 222
  • the second dust-proof projection 223 is inserted into Inside the second groove 245, the second pocket projection 246 penetrates into the second recessed groove 224, wherein the outer sidewall of the second pocket projection 246 and the sidewall of the limiting projection 225 are in contact with each other or are adjacent to each other.
  • Embodiment 3 of the present invention includes:
  • the pressing member 340 in the embodiment 3 includes a square pocket 341, a round-shaped cross-shaped button 342, and a groove 343.
  • the mounting hole has a cross-section.
  • the rest of the structure is the same as that of the micro-switch of the first embodiment.
  • the dustproof structure is the same.
  • Embodiment 4 of the present invention includes:
  • the pressing member 440 in Embodiment 4 includes a round pocket 441, a square-shaped cross-shaped button 442, and a groove 443.
  • the mounting hole has a cross-section, and the rest of the structure is the same as that of the micro-switch in Embodiment 1.
  • the dustproof structure is the same.
  • Embodiment 5 of the present invention includes:
  • the pressing member 540 in Embodiment 5 includes a square pocket 541, a square-shaped cross-shaped button 542, and a groove 543.
  • the mounting hole has a cross-section.
  • the rest of the structure is the same as that of the micro-switch in Embodiment 1.
  • the dustproof structure is the same.
  • Embodiment 6 of the present invention includes:
  • the pressing member 640 in Embodiment 6 includes a round pocket 641, a round-shaped button 642, and a recess 643.
  • the mounting hole has a cross-section, and the rest of the structure is the same as that of the micro-switch in Embodiment 1.
  • the dustproof structure is the same.
  • Embodiment 7 of the present invention includes:
  • the pressing member 740 in Embodiment 7 includes a circular pocket 741, a circular button 742, and a groove 743.
  • the mounting hole has a circular cross section.
  • the rest of the structure is the same as that of the micro switch in Embodiment 1.
  • the dust structure is the same.
  • Embodiment 8 of the present invention includes:
  • the pressing member 840 in Embodiment 8 includes a round pocket 841, a round-shaped cross-shaped button 842, and a groove 843.
  • the button 842 includes a button outer shape with a circular cylinder and an inside of the button outside. The inside of the button with the shape of a cross-shaped cylinder, the cross section of the mounting hole is circular, and the rest of the structure is the same as the dustproof structure of the micro switch in Embodiment 1.
  • Embodiment 9 of the present invention includes:
  • the pressing member 940 in Embodiment 9 includes a square pocket 941, a round-shaped cross-shaped button 942, and a groove 943.
  • the button 942 includes a cylindrical button base 9421 and an upper surface of the button base 9421.
  • the upper part of the button is a cylinder 9942, the cross section of the upper part of the button is cross-shaped, and the cross section of the mounting hole is circular.
  • the rest of the structure is the same as the dustproof structure of the micro switch in Example 1.
  • Embodiment 10 of the present invention includes:
  • the pressing member 1040 in Embodiment 10 includes a square pocket 1041, a round-shaped cross-shaped button 1042, a groove 1043, and the button 1042 includes a cylindrical button base 10421 and an upper surface of the button base 10421.
  • the upper part of the button is a cylinder-shaped upper part 10422, the cross section of the upper part of the push-button is in the shape of a letter, the cross-section of the mounting hole is circular, and the rest of the structure is the same as the dust-proof structure of the micro switch in Embodiment 1.
  • Embodiment 11 of the present invention includes:
  • the pressing member 1140 in Embodiment 11 includes a circular pocket 1141, a half-moon T-shaped button 1042, a groove 1043, and a mounting hole section having a half-moon T-shape.
  • the dustproof structure of the switch is the same.
  • Embodiment 12 of the present invention includes:
  • the pressing member 1240 in Embodiment 12 includes a round pocket 1241, a half-moon-shaped cross-shaped button 1242, and a groove 1243.
  • the mounting hole cross-section is a half-moon-shaped cross.
  • the dustproof structure of the switch is the same.
  • Embodiment 13 of the present invention includes:
  • the pressing member 1340 includes a pocket, a button 1342, and a groove 1343.
  • the pocket is provided with a pocket projection 1341
  • the upper cover 1320 is provided with a dust-proof projection 1321 and a limit projection 1322.
  • a tiny second gap 1302 exists between the dust-proof protrusion 1321 and the pocket protrusion 1341
  • the pocket protrusion 1341 and the limit protrusion 1322 There is a minute third gap 1303.
  • the number of the grooves on the pressing member may be more than two, and the dust-proof protrusions of the upper cover may also be more than two.
  • the pressing member of the dustproof and waterproof structure is composed of a handle + silica gel, which cannot be completely disengaged to perform a downward movement.
  • the dustproof pocket can be moved down as a whole, and effectively prevent and reduce dust from entering the switch from the gap between the upper cover and buttons, and the pocket, improving the stability and service life of the microswitch.
  • the limit protrusions on the upper cover form multiple dust barriers to effectively prevent and reduce dust from entering the switch from the gap between the upper cover and buttons and the pocket, and at the same time effectively ensure that the pressing member slides up and down smoothly and smoothly. Will shake, work more stable and reliable.

Abstract

一种微动开关的防尘结构，包括底座（10）和上盖（20），上盖（20）安装于底座（10）上，在上盖（20）上预设有一安装孔（21），在安装孔（21）中安装有按压件（40），该按压件（40）上端延伸出上盖（20）上端面，按压件（40）包括用于阻挡灰尘的兜台（41）和与兜台（41）连接的按钮（42），按钮（42）与兜台（41）间设有一凹槽（43），安装孔（21）下部设置有向下延伸的防尘凸起（22），防尘凸起（22）延伸至凹槽（43）中。该微动开关的防尘结构设计巧妙，有效阻挡和减少灰尘从上盖与按钮、与兜台配合的间隙中进入开关内部，提高微动开关的稳定性和使用寿命。设置在上盖上的限位凸起，组成多道防尘屏障，有效阻挡和减少灰尘从上盖与按钮、与兜台配合的间隙中进入开关内部，同时有效保证按压件上下滑动平稳顺畅，不会产生晃动，工作更加稳定可靠。

Description

一种微动开关的防尘结构 技术领域
本发明涉及开关领域，特别是关于一种微动开关的防尘结构。
背景技术
微动开关是具有微小接点间隔和快动机构，用规定的行程和规定的力进行开关动作的接点机构，因为其开关的触点间距比较小，故名微动开关，又叫灵敏开关。微动开关在需频繁换接电路的设备中进行自动控制及安全保护等，广泛应用在电子设备、仪器仪表、矿山、电力系统、家用电器、电器设备，以及航天、航空、舰船、导弹、坦克等军事领域。微动开关作为一种控制元件，常需要与其他元件配合，接通或断开信号或电路。
由于微动开关内部空间小，各部件动作精度都较高，内部如果存在灰尘会大大降低灵敏度。现有的微动开关的壳体以及按压件位置均存在缝隙，没有相应防尘结构，灰尘等容易从缝隙中进入壳体内影响开关的正常工作。现有技术中，防尘防水的结构的按压件是由按钮和硅胶组成的，其不仅无法实现按压件整体脱离上盖执行下压运动，而且还需要额外采用硅胶或类似的弹性延展材料以实现防尘，已经无法满足日益严苛的用户体验的感觉要求。
发明内容
有鉴于此，本发明为解决上述技术问题，提供一种设计巧妙，有效阻挡和减少灰尘从上盖与按钮、与兜台配合的间隙中进入开关内部的微动开关的防尘结构。
本发明的目的通过以下技术方案实现：
一种微动开关的防尘结构，包括底座和上盖，上盖安装于底座上，在上盖上预设有一安装孔，在安装孔中安装有按压件，该按压件上端延伸出上盖上端面，所述按压件包括用于阻挡灰尘的兜台和与兜台连接的按钮，所述按钮与兜台间设有一个或多个凹槽。
优选的，所述安装孔下部设置有向下延伸的一个或多个防尘凸起，所述防尘凸起延伸至凹槽中。
进一步的，所述微动开关的防尘结构还包括插设在底座上的端子和与端子接触连接的弹片。
优选的，所述弹片包括设置在中部或邻近中部的舌片、设置在舌片一侧的弹片触点和设置在舌片另一侧的承力区，所述承力区与按压件接触。
优选的，所述底座上部外壁及上端面设有绕底座上部外沿一周的防尘台阶面，上盖下部内壁及下端面设有与所述防尘台阶面紧密接触的密封台阶面。
进一步的，所述底座还设置有倒扣，上盖还设置有与倒扣相匹配的挂孔，倒扣卡入挂孔 内时防尘台阶面与密封台阶面紧密接触。
优选的，所述上盖下表面设置有向下延伸的限位凸起，限位凸起环绕于兜台外周且与兜台外壁滑动接触。
优选的，所述按钮延伸至安装孔外，所述安装孔具有与按钮上部相同的截面形状。
进一步的，所述端子包括插设在底座上的第一端子、第二端子和第三端子，所述第一端子与弹片接触连接，所述弹片触点可在舌片的行程范围内与第二端子或第三端子接触。
优选的，所述按压件还包括与承力区接触的下凸起，所述第一端子上部设有用于承托弹片的第一横杆，所述第一横杆上设有供下凸起下行的槽位，所述第二端子上部设有第二横杆，第二横杆上设有用于与弹片触点接触以导通信号的端子触点，所述第三端子上部设有第三横杆。
优选的，所述第三横杆位于第二横杆的上方，弹片触点设置在第二横杆与第三横杆之间，所述所述弹片触点可在舌片的行程范围内与第二端子或第三端子接触。
所述按压件下行预设距离，弹片触点在舌片的行程范围内与第二横杆上的端子触点接触；所述按压件上行预设距离，弹片触点在舌片的行程范围内与第三横杆接触。
本发明相较于现有技术的有益效果是：
现有技术中，防尘防水的结构的按压件是由按柄+硅胶组成的，不能够整体脱离执行下压运动，但在本发明的微动开关的防尘结构，通过巧妙设计，无需引入硅胶，防尘兜台可整体下压运动，在按压件上表面设置凹槽并在安装孔下表面设置凸起，其中凸起卡入凹槽中，通过凹槽与凸起的配合实现防尘，有效防止灰尘从按压件和上盖之间、上盖和底座之间的连接处进入内部，提高微动开关的稳定性和使用寿命。设置在上盖上的限位凸起，还可根据实际需要，组成多道防尘屏障，有效阻挡和减少灰尘从上盖与按钮、与兜台配合的间隙中进入开关内部，同时有效保证按压件上下滑动平稳顺畅，不会产生晃动，工作更加稳定可靠。
附图说明
图1为实施例1中微动开关的防尘结构的结构图。
图2为实施例1中微动开关的防尘结构的爆炸图。
图3为实施例1中微动开关的防尘结构的剖面图。
图4为实施例1中微动开关的防尘结构的剖面图。
图5为实施例2中微动开关的防尘结构的剖面图。
图6为实施例2中微动开关的防尘结构的剖面图。
图7为实施例2中按压件的三维立体图。
图8为实施例3中按压件的三维立体图。
图9为实施例4中按压件的三维立体图。
图10为实施例5中按压件的三维立体图。
图11为实施例6中按压件的三维立体图。
图12为实施例7中按压件的三维立体图。
图13为实施例8中按压件的三维立体图。
图14为实施例9中按压件的三维立体图。
图15为实施例10中按压件的三维立体图。
图16为实施例11中按压件的三维立体图。
图17为实施例12中按压件的三维立体图。
图18为实施例13中微动开关的防尘结构的剖面图。
图19为图18中A区域的放大图。
具体实施方式
为了便于本领域技术人员理解，下面将结合具体实施例及附图对本发明作进一步详细描述。
请参考图1-4，本发明实施例1包括：
一种微动开关的防尘结构，包括底座10、上盖20、插设在底座10上的第一端子50、第二端子60、第三端子70以及与第一端子50接触连接的弹片30，上盖20安装于底座10上，在上盖20上预设有一安装孔21，在安装孔21中安装有按压件40，该按压件40上端延伸出上盖20上端面，按压件40包括用于阻挡灰尘的兜台41和与兜台41连接的按钮42，按钮42与兜台41间设有一凹槽43，安装孔21下部设置有向下延伸的防尘凸起22，防尘凸起22延伸至凹槽43中；弹片30包括设置在中部或邻近中部的舌片31、设置在舌片31一侧的弹片触点32和设置在舌片31另一侧的承力区33，承力区33与按压件40接触，弹片触点32可在舌片31的行程范围内与第二端子60或第三端子70接触。按压件40还包括与承力区33接触的下凸起44，第一端子50上部设有用于承托弹片30的第一横杆51，弹片30的承力区33旁设有开窗，弹片通过开窗扣置安装在第一横杆51上，具体的，舌片31的前端卡在第一横杆51的侧壁凹陷处，第一横杆51上设有供下凸起44下行的槽位52，第二端子60上部设有第二横杆61，第二横杆61上设有用于与弹片触点32接触以导通信号的端子触点，第三端子70上部设有第三横杆71，第三横杆71位于第二横杆61的上方，弹片触点32设置在第二横杆61与第三横杆71之间。
自由状态下，按压件兜台凸起45抵接在上盖内壁上，防尘凸起(22)与按钮侧壁衔接，限位凸起24与兜台外壁衔接，构成一个完整的防尘结构。下压工作时，当有灰尘进入按压件 40与上盖20之间的活动间隙后，落入凹槽43，防尘凸起22和限位凸起24可阻挡灰尘，将灰尘阻挡在凹槽43中，有效阻挡和减少灰尘从上盖与按钮、与兜台配合的间隙中进入开关内部。
自然状态下，按压件兜台凸起45抵接在上盖内壁上，下压工作时，按压件40整体下行与上盖20脱离一段距离，弹片触点32在舌片31的行程范围内与第二横杆61上的端子触点接触；按压件40上行一段距离，弹片触点32在舌片31的行程范围内与端子触点分离并与第三横杆71接触。通过下压或松开按压件40，推动弹片下行或上行动作，从而实现开关电路的导通与断开。
此外，由于上盖20和底座10之间为后期卡扣连为一体，为了防止灰尘从上盖20和底座10之间的缝隙进入微动开关内部，底座10上部外壁及上端面设有绕底座10上部外沿一周的防尘台阶面11，上盖20下部内壁及下端面设有与防尘台阶面11紧密接触的密封台阶面，该结构使底座10与上盖20接触面形成一个L型曲面，如附图2中阴影线所示，可有效防止灰尘通过上盖20和底座10之间的缝隙进入内部。
为了保证底座10和上盖20连接结构稳定，防止底座10与上盖20之间缝隙变大而进入灰尘，底座10还设置有倒扣12，上盖20还设置有与倒扣12相匹配的挂孔23，倒扣12卡入挂孔23内时防尘台阶面11与密封台阶面紧密接触，倒扣12卡于挂孔23中防止上盖20从底座10上脱落。
并且，为了保证按压件40上下滑动平顺，滑动时不会产生晃动，提高稳定可靠性能，上盖20下表面设置有向下延伸的限位凸起24，限位凸起24环绕于兜台41外周且与兜台41外壁滑动接触，限位凸起24对按压件40的上下运动起到良好的导引限位作用。
按钮42延伸至安装孔21外，安装孔21截面为十字形，兜台41为圆形，按钮42为圆头十字形。
请参考图5-7，本发明实施例2包括：
不同于实施例1，实施例2中按压件240包括圆形的兜台241、十字形的按钮242、第一凹槽243、第一兜台凸起244、第二凹槽245、第二兜台凸起246和下凸起247，上盖上设置有第一防尘凸起221、第二防尘凸起223和限位凸起225，第一防尘凸起221与第二防尘凸起223间为第一凹陷槽222，第二防尘凸起223与限位凸起225间为第二凹陷槽224。未按下按压件时，第一防尘凸起221探入到第一凹槽243内、第一兜台凸起244探入到第一凹陷槽222内、第二防尘凸起223探入到第二凹槽245内、第二兜台凸起246探入到第二凹陷槽224内，其中第二兜台凸起246外侧壁与限位凸起225的侧壁相互接触或相互临近。本实施例2中，共有两道封尘屏障，进一步减少灰尘从兜台与上盖缝隙进入开关内部的情况发生。
请参考图8，本发明实施例3包括：
不同于实施例1，实施例3中按压件340包括方形的兜台341、圆头十字形的按钮342、凹槽343，安装孔截面为十字形，其余结构与实施例1中的微动开关的防尘结构相同。
请参考图9，本发明实施例4包括：
不同于实施例1，实施例4中按压件440包括圆形的兜台441、方头十字形的按钮442、凹槽443，安装孔截面为十字形，其余结构与实施例1中的微动开关的防尘结构相同。
请参考图10，本发明实施例5包括：
不同于实施例1，实施例5中按压件540包括方形的兜台541、方头十字形的按钮542、凹槽543，安装孔截面为十字形，其余结构与实施例1中的微动开关的防尘结构相同。
请参考图11，本发明实施例6包括：
不同于实施例1，实施例6中按压件640包括圆形的兜台641、圆头一字形的按钮642、凹槽643，安装孔截面为一字形，其余结构与实施例1中的微动开关的防尘结构相同。
请参考图12，本发明实施例7包括：
不同于实施例1，实施例7中按压件740包括圆形的兜台741、圆形的按钮742、凹槽743，安装孔截面为圆形，其余结构与实施例1中的微动开关的防尘结构相同。
请参考图13，本发明实施例8包括：
不同于实施例1，实施例8中按压件840包括圆形的兜台841、圆头十字形的按钮842、凹槽843，其中按钮842包括外形为圆环柱体的按钮外部和位于按钮外部内里、外形为十字形柱体的按钮内部，安装孔截面为圆形，其余结构与实施例1中的微动开关的防尘结构相同。
请参考图14，本发明实施例9包括：
不同于实施例1，实施例9中按压件940包括方形的兜台941、圆头十字形的按钮942、凹槽943，按钮942包括外形为圆柱体的按钮底座9421和位于按钮底座9421上表面、外形为柱体的按钮上部9422，按钮上部横截面为十字形，安装孔截面为圆形，其余结构与实施例1中的微动开关的防尘结构相同。
请参考图15，本发明实施例10包括：
不同于实施例1，实施例10中按压件1040包括方形的兜台1041、圆头十字形的按钮1042、凹槽1043，按钮1042包括外形为圆柱体的按钮底座10421和位于按钮底座10421上表面、外形为柱体的按钮上部10422，按钮上部横截面为一字形，安装孔截面为圆形，其余结构与实施例1中的微动开关的防尘结构相同。
请参考图16，本发明实施例11包括：
不同于实施例1，实施例11中按压件1140包括圆形的兜台1141、半月状T形的按钮1042、 凹槽1043，安装孔截面为半月状T形，其余结构与实施例1中的微动开关的防尘结构相同。
请参考图17，本发明实施例12包括：
不同于实施例1，实施例12中按压件1240包括圆形的兜台1241、半月状十字形的按钮1242、凹槽1243，安装孔截面为半月状十字形，其余结构与实施例1中的微动开关的防尘结构相同。
请参考图18-19，本发明实施例13包括：
本同于实施例1，实施例13中，按压件1340包括兜台、按钮1342和凹槽1343，兜台上设有兜台凸起1341，上盖1320设置有防尘凸起1321和限位凸起1322，按钮1342的侧壁与防尘凸起1321间存在微小的第一间隙1301，防尘凸起1321与兜台凸起1341间存在微小的第二间隙1302，兜台凸起1341与限位凸起1322件存在微小的第三间隙1303。
在其他实施例中，根据实际的需求，按压件上的凹槽的数量可大于两个，上盖的防尘凸起也可大于两个。
现有技术中，防尘防水的结构的按压件是由按柄+硅胶组成的，不能够整体脱离执行下压运动，但在本实施例1-12的上述微动开关的防尘结构，通过巧妙设计，无需引入硅胶，防尘兜台可整体下压运动，并有效阻挡和减少灰尘从上盖与按钮、与兜台配合的间隙中进入开关内部，提高微动开关的稳定性和使用寿命。设置在上盖上的限位凸起，组成多道防尘屏障，有效阻挡和减少灰尘从上盖与按钮、与兜台配合的间隙中进入开关内部，同时有效保证按压件上下滑动平稳顺畅，不会产生晃动，工作更加稳定可靠。
虽然对本发明的描述是结合以上具体实施例进行的，但是，熟悉本技术领域的人员能够根据上述的内容进行许多替换、修改和变化、是显而易见的。因此，所有这样的替代、改进和变化都包括在附后的权利要求的精神和范围内。

Claims (12)

  1. 一种微动开关的防尘结构，其特征在于，包括底座(10)和上盖(20)，上盖(20)安装于底座(10)上，在上盖(20)上预设有一安装孔(21)，在安装孔(21)中安装有按压件(40)，该按压件(40)上端延伸出上盖(20)上端面，所述按压件(40)包括用于阻挡灰尘的兜台(41)和与兜台(41)连接的按钮(42)，所述按钮(42)与兜台(41)间设有一个或多个凹槽(43)。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的微动开关的防尘结构，其特征在于，所述安装孔(21)下部设置有向下延伸的一个或多个防尘凸起(22)，所述防尘凸起(22)延伸至凹槽(43)中。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的微动开关的防尘结构，其特征在于，还包括插设在底座上的端子和与端子接触连接的弹片(30)。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的微动开关的防尘结构，其特征在于，所述弹片(30)包括设置在中部或邻近中部的舌片(31)、设置在舌片(31)一侧的弹片触点(32)和设置在舌片(31)另一侧的承力区(33)，所述承力区(33)与按压件(40)接触。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的微动开关的防尘结构，其特征在于，所述底座(10)上部外壁及上端面设有绕底座(10)上部外沿一周的防尘台阶面(11)，上盖(20)下部内壁及下端面设有与所述防尘台阶面(11)紧密接触的密封台阶面。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的微动开关的防尘结构，其特征在于，所述底座(10)还设置有倒扣(12)，上盖(20)还设置有与倒扣(12)相匹配的挂孔(23)，倒扣(12)卡入挂孔(23)内时防尘台阶面(11)与密封台阶面紧密接触。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的微动开关的防尘结构，其特征在于，所述上盖(20)下表面设置有向下延伸的限位凸起(24)，限位凸起(24)环绕于兜台(41)外周且与兜台(41)外壁滑动接触。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的微动开关的防尘结构，其特征在于，所述按钮(42)延伸至安装孔(21)外。
  9. 根据权利要求1-8项中任一项所述的微动开关的防尘结构，其特征在于，所述端子包括插设在底座(10)上的第一端子(50)、第二端子(60)和第三端子(70)，所述第一端子(50)与弹片(30)接触连接，所述弹片触点(32)可在舌片(31)的行程范围内与第二端子(60)或第三端子(70)接触。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的微动开关的防尘结构，其特征在于，所述按压件(40)还包括与承力区(33)接触的下凸起(44)，所述第一端子(50)上部设有用于承托弹片(30)的第一横杆(51)，所述第一横杆(51)上设有供下凸起(44)下行的槽位(52)，所述第二端子(60)上部设有第二横杆(61)，第二横杆(61)上设有用于与弹片触点(32) 接触以导通信号的端子触点，所述第三端子(70)上部设有第三横杆(71)。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的微动开关的防尘结构，其特征在于，所述第三横杆(71)位于第二横杆(61)的上方，弹片触点(32)设置在第二横杆(61)与第三横杆(71)之间，所述所述弹片触点(32)可在舌片(31)的行程范围内与第二端子(60)或第三端子(70)接触。
  12. 根据权利要求10所述的微动开关的防尘结构，其特征在于，所述按压件(40)下行预设距离，弹片触点(32)在舌片(31)的行程范围内与第二横杆(61)上的端子触点接触；所述按压件(40)上行预设距离，弹片触点(32)在舌片(31)的行程范围内与第三横杆(71)接触。
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