WO2020037765A1 - 大蒜根部自动化处理设备 - Google Patents

大蒜根部自动化处理设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020037765A1
WO2020037765A1 PCT/CN2018/107545 CN2018107545W WO2020037765A1 WO 2020037765 A1 WO2020037765 A1 WO 2020037765A1 CN 2018107545 W CN2018107545 W CN 2018107545W WO 2020037765 A1 WO2020037765 A1 WO 2020037765A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
garlic
notch
rack
clamping
baffle
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PCT/CN2018/107545
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王胜利
何一波
张剑华
Original Assignee
利胜（深圳）科技金融投资有限公司
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Application filed by 利胜（深圳）科技金融投资有限公司 filed Critical 利胜（深圳）科技金融投资有限公司
Publication of WO2020037765A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020037765A1/zh

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23N—MACHINES OR APPARATUS FOR TREATING HARVESTED FRUIT, VEGETABLES OR FLOWER BULBS IN BULK, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PEELING VEGETABLES OR FRUIT IN BULK; APPARATUS FOR PREPARING ANIMAL FEEDING- STUFFS
    • A23N15/00—Machines or apparatus for other treatment of fruits or vegetables for human purposes; Machines or apparatus for topping or skinning flower bulbs
    • A23N15/08—Devices for topping or skinning onions or flower bulbs

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an automatic processing equipment for garlic roots.
  • garlic As a commonly used vegetable and condiment, garlic is widely used in people's daily life. Not only the domestic consumption is large, but it is also exported in large quantities.
  • the matured garlic includes: garlic heads and garlic stems, which are garlic stems. After the garlic is matured, the garlic stems protrude upward from the top of the garlic head, and the bottom of the garlic head has an inwardly recessed root pedicle.
  • the garlic head needs to be fixed and then removed using a cutter device Root pedicle; however, when the current processing equipment fixes the garlic head, the orientation of the root pedicle cannot be fixed, which is not convenient for removing the root pedicle.
  • an automatic garlic root processing device comprising: a garlic stem holding device having a garlic stem holding portion; a garlic stop device having a garlic stop portion; and a garlic stem holding device for driving the garlic stem holding device And a first driving device of the garlic stopper; wherein the garlic stem holding portion is arranged to be aligned with the garlic stopper, and the first driving device is arranged to drive a relative displacement between the garlic stem holding device and the garlic stopper so that the garlic The stem holding portion is moved closer to or separated from the garlic stopper portion.
  • the garlic stem is held by the garlic stem holding part, and then the first driving device drives the garlic stem holding part to move away from the garlic stem blocking part until the garlic head is blocked by the garlic stem blocking part, and the garlic stem is stopped by the first
  • the pulling force exerted by a driving device is straightened, and at the same time, the garlic stem grows upward on the middle part of the root pedicle of the garlic.
  • the root pedicle always faces the opposite direction of the pulling force received by the garlic stem. So that the orientation of the root pedicle is fixed, which is convenient for removing the root pedicle.
  • the garlic stem clamping portion may further include: a first clamping plate, the first clamping plate having a first gap; and a second clamping plate, the first clamping plate being parallel to the second clamping plate And the second clamping plate has a second notch, and the orientation of the second notch and the first notch are set to face each other;
  • the garlic stem clamping device includes a device for driving the first clamping plate and the second A second driving device for the clamping plate, and the second driving device drives the first clamping plate and the second clamping plate to move relatively.
  • the second driving device drives the first clamping plate and the second clamping plate to move closer together, because the first clamping plate and the second clamping plate are staggered, the first clamping plate and the second clamping plate Overlapping, the gap between the first notch and the second notch is gradually reduced, thereby clamping the garlic stem, and has the characteristics of simple and compact structure.
  • the garlic stopper may be further provided with a first opening for holding the garlic head, and the garlic stopper includes: a first baffle, the first baffle having a third notch; and a second baffle, The second baffle has a fourth notch, and the direction of the fourth notch and the direction of the third notch are set to face each other; the garlic blocking device includes a second driving device, and the second driving device is further configured to drive the first baffle and the second The baffle is relatively moved, and is arranged so that when the first baffle and the second baffle are driven closer to each other, the third notch and the fourth notch are closed to form a first opening.
  • the second driving device drives the first clamping plate and the second clamping plate to move closer together
  • the second driving device also drives the first baffle plate and the second baffle plate to move closer to each other, so that the garlic stems are wrapped.
  • the first opening formed by combining the third notch and the fourth notch there is no need to use auxiliary means to pass the garlic stem through the first opening, and has the characteristics of simple structure and ingenious design.
  • first baffle and the second baffle may also be disposed in parallel and have a height difference, and the first notch, the second notch, the third notch, and the fourth notch are all configured to gradually expand from the inside to the outside.
  • the first gap and the second gap are gradually enlarged from the inside to the outside, and have a wide mouth shape.
  • the first gap and the second gap enclose a larger area. Range, that is, the first gap and the second gap can surround the garlic stems in different positions, and then the first clamping plate and the second clamping plate continue to be closer to each other and overlap each other.
  • the space formed by the enclosure gradually becomes smaller, so that the garlic stems in different positions are clamped; at the same time, by setting the first baffle and the second baffle in parallel and having a height difference, when the second driving device drives the first During the process of the clamping plate and the second clamping plate approaching each other, the first baffle plate and the second baffle plate are brought closer together, and the third gap and the fourth gap are set to gradually expand from the inside to the outside, so the third gap A larger range can be enclosed with the fourth gap, so that the garlic stem in an unused position can be enclosed by the third gap and the fourth gap to form a first opening.
  • the second driving device may further include: a first rack; a second rack, the second rack being parallel to the first rack, and a tooth portion of the first rack and a tooth of the second rack
  • the first relay gear and the central axis of the first relay gear are pivotally disposed between the second rack and the first rack, and the first relay gear is respectively connected to the first rack and the second rack.
  • a rack is engaged; a first carrier provided on the first rack; the first clamping plate and the first baffle are sequentially arranged on the first carrier from top to bottom; the first notch is aligned with the third notch; The second carrier on the second rack, the second clamping plate and the second baffle are sequentially arranged on the second carrier from top to bottom, and the second notch is aligned with the fourth notch; A first guide rail provided in parallel with the second rack, the first carrier frame and the second carrier frame are slidably disposed on the first guide rail, respectively; and a first power device provided in linkage with the first rack.
  • the first power device drives the first rack to move to the right, while the first rack drives the first carrier to move to the right, and under the transmission of the first relay gear, the second rack and the first rack
  • the moving direction is opposite, and the second rack also drives the second carrier to move to the left at the same time, that is, the first clamping plate and the second clamping plate are moved closer to each other synchronously, so that the clamping action of the garlic stem is more accurate.
  • the first baffle and the second baffle are moved closer to each other synchronously, so that the third gap and the fourth gap more accurately surround the garlic stem.
  • the first clamping plate is slidably disposed on the first carrier in a direction pointing or facing away from the first baffle plate; the second clamping plate is pointing along or pointing away from the second baffle plate.
  • the first driving device includes a second power device, and the first clamping plate and the second clamping plate are arranged in linkage with the second power device, and the second power device drives the first The clamping plate and the second clamping plate move toward or away from the first baffle plate and the second baffle plate simultaneously.
  • the first clamping plate is slidably disposed on the first carrier
  • the second clamping plate is slidably disposed on the second carrier
  • the first clamping plate and the first are driven by the second power device.
  • the clamping plate is displaced relative to the first baffle and the second baffle, that is, the relative displacement between the clamping portion of the garlic stem and the blocking portion of the garlic head is realized by the first driving device, and has the characteristics of simple and compact structure and ingenious design.
  • it may further include: a first lifting device, the first lifting device is arranged in linkage with the first guide rail; a conveyor belt, a plurality of spaced spaces are evenly arranged on the conveyor belt, and the conveyor belt includes a horizontal portion disposed horizontally and relative to the horizontal A downward-inclined inclined portion; a conveyor driving device for driving the conveyor belt operation; a garlic container with the inclined portion projecting into the garlic container; and a control device for controlling the feeding amount of the conveyor driving device and according to the conveyor belt The feed amount of the driving device controls the first lifting device to be raised or lowered.
  • the conveyor belt driving device drives the conveyor belt to move the garlic contained in the compartment from the garlic container to the horizontal portion
  • the control device controls the conveyor belt driving device to drive the conveyor belt to operate
  • the conveyor driving device stops driving, and at the same time, the control device controls the first lifting device to move the first carrier and the second carrier toward the horizontal portion on the conveyor by driving the first guide rail;
  • the first clamping plate and the first baffle on the first carrier frame, and the second clamping plate and the second baffle on the second carrier frame are moved to the horizontal portion, and then the first clamping plate and the second clamp
  • the plate holds the garlic stem in the standing state, and the first baffle and the second baffle wrap the garlic stem.
  • the process of orienting the root pedicle of the garlic is completed according to the foregoing process, thereby eliminating the need for manual work.
  • the placement of garlic realizes the automation of the process of placing garlic and saves manpower.
  • it may further include: a moving mechanism, a garlic stem holding device and a garlic stopper are all arranged on the moving mechanism, and the moving mechanism carries the garlic stem holding device and the garlic stopper to move, that is, the moving mechanism carries The garlic stem holding device and the garlic stop device move;
  • the garlic fixing device the garlic fixing device includes: a first clamping element, the first clamping element has a fifth gap and a first inclined surface, and is opposite to the first clamping element;
  • the second clamping element has a sixth notch and a second inclined surface opposite to the fifth notch, and the first inclined surface is inclined and extended from the fifth notch in a direction away from the second clamping element.
  • the second inclined surface starts to extend obliquely from the sixth notch in a direction away from the first clamping element; and a clamping driving device for driving the first clamping element and the second clamping element to move closer or apart; wherein the control device also It is used to control the stroke of the moving mechanism, and the first clamping element and the second clamping element are controlled by controlling the clamping driving device according to the stroke position of the moving mechanism. Or separation.
  • the moving mechanism moves the garlic stem holding device and the garlic stopper device holding the garlic stem above the garlic head fixing device, the first clamping element and the second clamping element are closed, and the fifth gap and the sixth gap are gradually closed.
  • the garlic stem is clamped. Because the top of the garlic is pointed, the first and second slopes gradually close to the top of the garlic during the process of gradually closing. When clamping, the top of the garlic is applied in a downward direction.
  • the garlic stem and the garlic stem clamping part have a relative displacement, the garlic head gradually moves downwards, and finally the garlic head is completely drawn between the first and second slopes, and One inclined surface and the second inclined surface are tightly attached, and the garlic stem is clamped between the fifth gap and the sixth gap, that is, the garlic head is stably clamped between the first clamping element and the second clamping element, and it is not easy to loosen. And movement, the garlic head does not move when the root pedicle is removed, thereby facilitating the removal of the root pedicle.
  • it may further include: a second lifting device, the second lifting device is provided in linkage with the garlic fixing device to drive the garlic fixing device to move up and down; a garlic placing device disposed below the garlic fixing device, and the garlic placing device has a first Two openings, when the first clamping element and the second clamping element are in a closed state, the second opening is aligned with the clamping space formed by the fifth gap and the sixth gap; a cutter provided below the second opening; And a cutter driving device for driving the cutter to perform a cutting operation; wherein the control device is further configured to control the stroke of the second lifting device, and control the cutter driving device to drive according to the stroke position of the second lifting device.
  • the second head lifting device drives the garlic head fixing device to move the garlic head held by the fifth and sixth notches into the second opening, and the root pedicle leaks out of the second opening, and then the cutter driving device drives the cutter to The leaked root pedicle is excised.
  • the cutter may further include: a first arched blade and a second arched blade disposed opposite to the first arched blade;
  • the cutter driving device includes: a first rod for carrying the first arched blade, A second rod for carrying a second arched blade, the first rod is articulated with the second rod, and a third power device is provided in linkage with the first rod and the second rod to drive the first rod and the second rod around The hinge point rotates; the control device is used to control the third power device to perform a driving action.
  • the root pedicle grows inwardly, the arc-shaped shear trajectory formed by the first arched blade and the second arched blade matches the concave morphology of the root pedicle.
  • the shape of the two arched blades is arched, so when the first arched blade and the second arched blade perform a shearing motion, a concave cutting range that matches the shape of the root pedicle can be formed.
  • the loss of garlic is minimized, and the root pedicle removal process is also automated.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an automatic garlic root processing device according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the garlic stem holding device and the garlic stop device in FIG. 1 when they are close to each other;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the first clamping plate and the second clamping plate in a closed and overlapped state, and the first and second baffles in a closed and overlapped state in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 4 is a rear view of the garlic root automatic processing equipment shown in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the first clamping plate and the second clamping plate in FIG. 3 holding the garlic stem, and the first baffle and the second baffle surrounding the garlic stem;
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of the garlic stem clamping portion and the garlic head blocking portion in FIG. 5 moving away from each other to straighten the garlic stem;
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a garlic stem clamping portion, a garlic head blocking portion, and a conveyor belt in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 8 is a partially enlarged schematic view of A in FIG. 7;
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a garlic stem clamping portion, a garlic stopper, and a garlic fixing device in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a garlic fixing device in FIG. 9;
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic exploded view of the garlic fixing device in FIG. 10;
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of the cooperation of the first clamping element and the second clamping element with the garlic stem clamping portion and the garlic head blocking portion in FIG. 10;
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of the cooperation of the first clamping element and the second clamping element with the garlic stem clamping portion and the garlic head blocking portion in FIG. 10;
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of a state where the garlic head is in contact with the first inclined surface and the second inclined surface when the first clamping element and the second clamping element in FIG. 12 are closed together;
  • FIG. 14 is a state in which the garlic head is completely drawn between the first inclined surface and the second inclined surface and is in close contact with the first inclined surface and the second inclined surface after the first clamping element and the second clamping element in FIG. 13 are completely closed.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of the coordination of the garlic fixing device shown in FIG. 10 with the garlic placement device, the cutter, and the cutter driving device;
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic structural diagram of a garlic placement device, a cutter, and a cutter driving device in FIG. 15;
  • FIG. 17 is a schematic structural view of the garlic placement device, cutter, and cutter driving device in FIG. 16 in an exploded state.
  • the garlic root automatic processing equipment includes: a garlic stem holding device having a garlic stem holding portion 1; a garlic stop device having a garlic stop portion 3; and a garlic stem holding device and a garlic head for driving the garlic stem holding device 3
  • the first driving device 12 of the blocking device wherein the garlic stem clamping portion 1 and the garlic head blocking portion 3 are arranged in alignment, and the first driving device 12 is arranged to drive a relative displacement between the garlic stem clamping device and the garlic blocking device to The garlic stem clamping portion 1 and the garlic stopper portion 3 are brought closer or separated.
  • the garlic stem clamping portion 1 includes: a first clamping plate 1a, the first clamping plate 1a has a first notch 1b; and a second clamping plate 1c, the first A clamping plate 1a is arranged in parallel with the second clamping plate 1c and has a height difference.
  • the second clamping plate 1c has a second notch 1d, and the orientation of the second notch 1d and the orientation of the first notch 1b are opposite to each other;
  • the garlic stem holding device includes a second driving device 2 for driving the first holding plate 1a and the second holding plate 1c.
  • the second driving device 2 drives the first holding plate 1a and the second holding plate 1c to move relative to each other. .
  • the second driving device 2 drives the first clamping plate 1a and the second clamping plate 1c to move closer to each other, since the first clamping plate 1a and the second clamping plate 1c are staggered, the first clamping plate 1a and the first clamping plate 1a The two clamping plates 1c overlap, and the gap between the first notch 1b and the second notch 1d gradually decreases, thereby clamping the garlic stem 13a, which has the characteristics of simple and compact structure.
  • the garlic block portion 3 is provided with a first opening 3 e for holding the garlic head, and the garlic block portion 3 includes a first baffle 3 a and a first baffle 3 a.
  • the device 2 and the second driving device 2 are further configured to drive the first baffle 3a and the second baffle 3c to move relatively, and are arranged to make the third gap when the first baffle 3a and the second baffle 3c are driven close to each other.
  • the specific structure for blocking the first opening of the garlic head may also be, for example, setting the garlic head blocking part as a blocking baffle, and the blocking baffle is provided with a through hole having a smaller diameter than the garlic head, that is, the through hole. For the first opening; and so on in other ways.
  • the second driving device 2 drives the first clamping plate 1a and the second clamping plate 1c to move closer together
  • the second driving device 2 also drives the first baffle plate 3a and the second baffle plate 3c to move closer together, so that the garlic
  • the stem 13a is enclosed in the first opening 3e formed by closing the third notch 3b and the fourth notch 3d, so that there is no need to use auxiliary means to pass the garlic stem 13a through the first opening 3e. It has the characteristics of simple structure and ingenious design .
  • the first baffle 3a and the second baffle 3c are arranged in parallel and have a height difference, the first notch 1b, the second notch 1d, the third notch 3b, and the fourth notch. 3d is set to gradually expand from the inside to the outside.
  • the position of the garlic stem 13a of each garlic is different from that of the garlic head 13b, the position of the garlic stem 13a varies within a certain range; and because the first gap 1b and the second gap 1d gradually expand from the inside to the outside, showing a wide mouth
  • the first gap 1b and the second gap 1d surround a larger range, that is, the first gap 1b and the second gap 1d can
  • the garlic stems 13a in different positions are surrounded, and then the first clamping plate 1a and the second clamping plate 1c continue to be close to each other and overlap, and the space formed by the first gap 1b and the second gap 1d gradually becomes smaller.
  • the garlic stems 13a in different positions are clamped; at the same time, by placing the first baffle 3a and the second baffle 3c in parallel and having a height difference, when the second driving device 2 drives the first clamping plate 1a In the process of approaching the second clamping plate 1c, the first baffle plate 3a and the second baffle plate 3c overlap and overlap, and since the third notch 3b and the fourth notch 3d are gradually enlarged from the inside to the outside, the first The three notches 3b and the fourth notch 3d can enclose a larger area, so that Garlic is in such a position not on the stems 13a of the first inclusion opening 3e formed in the third notch and the fourth notch 3b 3d collapse.
  • the second driving device 2 includes: a first rack 2b; a second rack 2d, the second rack 2d is parallel to the first rack 2b, and the first tooth The tooth portion of the bar 2b faces the tooth portion of the second rack 2d.
  • the first relay gear 2e and the center axis of the first relay gear 2e are pivotally provided on the second rack 2d and the first rack 2b.
  • the first relay gear 2e meshes with the first rack 2b and the second rack 2d, respectively;
  • the first carrier 2a, the first clamping plate 1a, and the first baffle provided on the first rack 2b 3a is sequentially arranged on the first carrier 2a from top to bottom, the first notch 1b is aligned with the third notch 3b;
  • the second carrier 2c, the second clamping plate 1c and the second The baffle 3c is sequentially arranged on the second carrier 2c from top to bottom, and the second notch 1d is aligned with the fourth notch 3d;
  • the first guide rail 2f is arranged in parallel with the first rack 2b and the second rack 2d, the first The carrier 2a and the second carrier 2c are respectively slidably disposed on the first guide rail 2f; and the first power unit 2g is provided in linkage with the first rack 2b.
  • the first power unit 2g may also be provided in linkage with the second rack 2d.
  • the first power unit 2g is a first cylinder, and the telescopic rod of the first cylinder is fixed to the first rack 2b. connection.
  • the first power unit 2g drives the first rack 2b to move to the right.
  • the second rack is driven by the first relay gear 2e. 2d is opposite to the moving direction of the first rack 2b, and the second rack 2d also drives the second carrier 2c to move to the left at the same time, that is, the first clamping plate 1a and the second clamping plate 1c are moved closer to each other synchronously.
  • the first clamping plate 1 a is slidably disposed on the first carrier 2 a in a direction pointing or facing away from the first baffle 3 a; the second clamping plate 1c is slidably disposed on the second carrier 2c in a direction pointing or facing away from the second baffle 3c.
  • both the first carrier 2a and the second carrier 2c are sleeved.
  • the guide shaft of 2h, the first clamping plate 1a and the second clamping plate 1c are respectively fixed on the shaft sleeve 2h, that is, the first clamping plate 1a is slidably disposed on the first carrier 2a, and the second clamping The plate 1c is slidably disposed on the second carrier 2c.
  • the first driving device 12 includes a second power device 12a, and the first clamping plate 1a and the second clamping plate 1c are arranged in linkage with the second power device 12a.
  • the second power device 12a drives the first clamping plate 1a and the second clamping plate 1c to move toward or away from the first baffle plate 3a and the second baffle plate 3c simultaneously.
  • the second power device 12a is the first Two cylinders
  • the telescopic rod of the second cylinder is fixedly connected with a lifting plate 12b
  • the shaft sleeve 2h is also fixedly provided with a first plate 12d with a flange 12f and a lifting plate 12b
  • a long groove 12c corresponding to the flange 12f is provided.
  • the flanges 12f are inserted into the long groove 12c.
  • the flange 12f can slide in the long groove 12c.
  • the sleeve 2h drives the first clamping plate 1a and the second clamping plate 1c to move up or down respectively.
  • the first baffle 3a is fixedly disposed on the first carrier 2a.
  • the second baffle plate 3c is fixedly disposed at the bottom end of the second carrier frame 2c. In this way, the first clamp plate 1a is slidably disposed on the first carrier frame 2a, and the second clamp plate 1c is slidably disposed.
  • the first clamping plate 1a and the first clamping plate 1a are driven by the second power device 12a to be displaced relative to the first baffle plate 3a and the second baffle plate 3c, thereby realizing the first
  • a driving device 12 drives the garlic stem holding portion 1 and the garlic head blocking portion 3 to generate a relative displacement, and has the characteristics of simple and compact structure and ingenious design.
  • the first clamping plate 1a and the second clamping plate 1c are placed in a separated state
  • the first baffle 3a and the second baffle 3c are placed in a separated state
  • the first clamp The holding plate 1a and the first baffle 3a are placed in a close state, that is, the garlic stem clamping portion 1 and the garlic head blocking portion 3 are in a close state; then the garlic is placed below with the garlic stem 13a facing upward, and the first power device 2g drives the first A rack 2b is retracted to the right, and the first rack 2b drives the first carrier 2a to move to the right. Under the transmission of the first relay gear 2e, the second rack 2d and the first rack 2b move in opposite directions.
  • the second rack 2d drives the second carrier 2c to move to the left. Then, the first clamping plate 1a and the second clamping plate 1c move closer to each other, and the first notch 1b and the second notch 1d gradually overlap and close, and the first notch The space formed by 1b and the second notch 1d is gradually reduced, and the garlic stem 13a is clamped, that is, the garlic stem clamping portion 1 clamps the garlic stem 13a.
  • the garlic stem clamping portion 1 It can also be other clamping mechanisms such as mechanical clamping jaws; at the same time, the first baffle 3a and the second baffle 3c are brought closer together, and the third notch 3b and the fourth notch 3d are closed.
  • the first opening 3e is formed, and the garlic stem 13a is enclosed between the third notch 3b and the fourth notch 3d, that is, the garlic stem 13a is inserted into and passes through the first opening 3e; then the second power device 12a drives the pull-up plate 12b Move upward, because the flange 12f is inserted into the long groove 12c, the lifting plate 12b drives the first plate 12d through the flange 12f, the first plate 12d drives the sleeve 2h, and the sleeve 2h drives the first clamping plate 1a and the first
  • the two clamping plates 1c move upward, at this time, the first baffle 3a and the second baffle 3c do not move, that is, the first driving device 12 drives the garlic stem clamping portion 1 to move upward relative to the garlic stem blocking portion 3, and then the garlic stem clamping
  • the holding portion 1 pulls the garlic stem 13a upward through the first opening 3e until the garlic 13b contacts the first opening 3e.
  • the second power unit 12a continues to drive the lifting plate 12b to move upward for a distance.
  • the garlic stem 13a is fluffy . Under the action of the pulling force, the garlic stem 13a will be relative to the first gap 1b and the second Sliding friction occurs in the clamping space formed by the notch 1d, that is, relative sliding friction occurs between the garlic stem 13a and the garlic stem clamping portion 1, then the garlic stem 13a is always subject to the upward pulling force exerted by the second power device 12a, that is, garlic The stem 13a always receives the upward pulling force exerted by the first driving device 12 and is held and fixed by the garlic stem clamping portion 1. The garlic 13b is firmly fixed on the first opening 3e by the upward pulling force transmitted by the garlic stem 13a.
  • the outer periphery of 13b closely fits the edge of the first opening 3e, and the garlic head 13b will not easily move under the influence of external forces.
  • the garlic stem 13a grows up on the back of the garlic root 13c, when the garlic stem 13a receives
  • the front of the root pedicle 13c faces downward, that is, the direction of the root pedicle 13c is opposite to the direction of the pulling force received by the garlic stem 13a. This fixes the orientation of the root pedicle 13c to the rear.
  • the garlic stem holding portion 1 holds the garlic stem 13a
  • the first driving device 12 drives the garlic stem holding portion 1 and the garlic
  • the head blocking portion 3 moves away from each other. Since the garlic head 13b is blocked in the first opening 3e, the garlic stem 13a is straightened by the pulling force applied by the first driving device 12, and the garlic head 13b is pulled by the garlic stem 13a.
  • the force card is firmly fixed on the first opening 3e, and the garlic head 13b will not easily move under the influence of external forces.
  • the garlic stem 13a grows upward on the middle part of the root base 13c of the garlic.
  • the specific structure of the garlic head blocking portion may also adopt, for example, a gap between two oppositely disposed baffles, and the width of the gap is smaller than the size of the garlic head and larger than the diameter of the garlic stem, so that the garlic head Can not pass through the interval, and garlic stems can pass through the interval.
  • the garlic stem 13a is held by the garlic stem holding portion 1, and then the first driving device 12 drives the garlic stem holding portion 1 and the garlic blocking portion 3 to move away from each other until the garlic 13b is blocked by the garlic blocking portion.
  • the garlic stem 13a is straightened by the pulling force applied by the first driving device 12, and at the same time, the garlic stem 13a grows upward on the middle part of the garlic root 13c.
  • the root The direction of 13c is always opposite to the direction of the pulling force on the garlic stem 13a, so that the direction of the root pedicle 13c is fixed, which is convenient for removing the root pedicle 13c.
  • this embodiment further includes: a first lifting device 4, the first lifting device 4 and the first guide rail 2f are arranged in linkage; a conveyor belt 5, and a plurality of spaced spaces are evenly arranged on the conveyor belt 5.
  • the conveyor belt 5 includes a horizontal portion 5c and an inclined portion 5d inclined downward with respect to the horizontal portion 5c; a conveyor driving device 5e for driving the operation of the conveyor belt 5; a garlic container 5f, the inclined portion 5d extends into the garlic container 5f And a control device for controlling the feeding amount of the conveyor driving device 5e, and controlling the first lifting device 4 to rise or fall according to the feeding amount of the conveyor driving device 5e; in this embodiment, the horizontal portion 5c
  • the first lifting device 4 includes a third cylinder 4a, the two ends of the first guide rail 2f are mounted on the fixing plate 4b, and the telescopic end of the third cylinder 4a is fixedly connected to the fixing plate 4b.
  • the first lifting device 4 can drive the first carrier 2a and 2c second carrier
  • the movement causes the first clamping plate 1a, the second clamping plate 1c, the first baffle plate 3a, and the second baffle plate 3c to move up or down.
  • a uniform arrangement is provided on the conveyor belt 5.
  • a plurality of spacer plates 5b, and a spacer space 5a is formed between two adjacent spacer plates 5b, that is, a plurality of spacer spaces 5a are evenly provided on the conveyor belt 5.
  • the Other specific structures such as a plurality of receiving boxes with grooves are uniformly provided to realize that a plurality of spaced spaces 5a are uniformly provided on the conveyor belt 5; a rotary brush 5g, a rotary brush 5g, and the conveyor belt 5 are provided above the inclined portion 5d.
  • the height between them is smaller than the width of the garlic head 13b.
  • the height of the partition plate 5b is not higher than the height of the garlic head 13b. That is, the depth of the partition space 5a is not higher than the height of the garlic head 13b.
  • the partition space 5a can only accommodate one garlic head 13b.
  • the rotation direction of the brush 5g is opposite to the transmission direction of the conveyor belt 5; a toggle lever 5h is provided on the side of the horizontal portion 5c, and the toggle lever 5h is fixedly arranged at the telescopic end of the toggle cylinder 5i.
  • the toggle lever 5h is controlled by the toggle cylinder. 5i drive extended or retracted
  • the toggle cylinder 5i is fixed on the telescopic end of the jacking cylinder 5j.
  • the control device is a PLC
  • the conveyor drive device 5e is a servo motor.
  • the control device communicates with the conveyor drive device 5e and the first lift via a control line.
  • the device 4 is electrically connected.
  • the control device controls the belt driving device 5e to drive the belt to run a distance of 5a
  • the belt driving device 5e stops driving, and at the same time, the control device controls the first lifting device 4 to drive the first rail 2f to drive the first A carrier 2a and a second carrier 2c move in a direction close to the horizontal portion 5c on the conveyor belt 5.
  • the conveyor belt driving device 5e drives the conveyor belt 5 to rotate cyclically, the garlic is contained in the space 5a, and the garlic is driven upward by the inclined portion 5d as the conveyor belt 5 runs.
  • the first state the bottom of the garlic 13b is aligned with the conveyor 5, that is, the garlic 13b is being placed on the conveyor 5, and the garlic stem 13a stands upward relative to the conveyor 5
  • the rotating brush 5g because the rotating brush 5g cannot contact the garlic 13b, the rotating brush 5g will not block the garlic 13b in the upright state, and the garlic stem 13a is flexible and thin.
  • the garlic stem 13a passes the rotating brush 5g, the garlic stem 13a will bend, and the gap between the bristles and the bristles of the rotating brush 5g passes through the rotating brush 5g, so the garlic 13b in the normal state is in the After turning the brush 5g, the tipping will not occur; the second state: the side of the garlic 13b is aligned with the conveyor 5 and the garlic 13b is placed on the conveyor 5 because the garlic 13b is flat and the width of the garlic 13b It is significantly larger than its height. Therefore, when the garlic 13b is placed on the conveyor 5 side, the garlic 13b will leak out of the space 5a.
  • the conveyor 5 is transmitted from left to right, and the rotating brush 5g rotates clockwise, and the height between the rotating brush 5g and the conveyor belt 5 is smaller than the width of the garlic head 13b, so the garlic head 13b in the sideways state will be blocked by the rotating hair brush 5g, and the garlic head 13b will be removed from the space 5a by frictional contact Take out and take out; so that only the garlic in the upright state can be operated from the inclined part 5d to the horizontal part 5c. During the operation, some of the garlic may fall. At this time, the cylinder 5i is driven to drive the lever 5h.
  • the jacking cylinder 5j drives the toggle cylinder 5i to move upward with the toggle lever 5h, and picks the garlic stem 13a in a tilted state so that it is standing upward; the garlic moves to After the garlic stem holding portion 1 is lowered, because the garlic stem 13a of the garlic stands up, at this time, the third cylinder 4a drives the first carrier 2a and the second carrier 2c by driving the first guide rail 2f, and moves downward, that The first clamping plate 1a, the second clamping plate 1c, the first baffle plate 3a, and the second baffle plate 3c also move downward, and then the first clamping plate 1a and the second clamping plate 1c clamp the garlic stem 13a.
  • the conveyor driving device 5e drives the conveyor 5 to move the garlic contained in the compartment 5a from the garlic container 5f to the horizontal portion 5c.
  • the control device controls the conveyor driving device 5e to drive the conveyor to operate a compartment 5a.
  • the conveyor driving device 5e stops driving, and at the same time, the control device controls the first lifting device 4 to drive the first carrier 2a and the second carrier 2c toward the horizontal portion 5c on the conveyor 5 by driving the first guide rail 2f.
  • the garlic fixing device 6 includes: a first clamping element 6a, and the first clamping element 6a has a fifth gap 6b and the first inclined surface 6c, a second clamping element 6e disposed opposite the first clamping element 6a, the second clamping element 6e has a sixth notch 6f and a second inclined surface 6g disposed opposite the fifth notch 6b,
  • the first inclined surface 6c starts obliquely extending from the fifth notch 6b in a direction away from the second clamping element 6e
  • the second inclined surface 6g starts obliquely extending from the sixth notch 6f in a direction away from the first clamping element 6a
  • a clamping driving starts obliquely extending from the fifth notch 6b in a direction away from the second clamping element 6e
  • the second inclined surface 6g starts obliquely extending from the sixth notch 6f in a direction away from the first clamping element 6a
  • the moving mechanism includes: a driving motor electrically connected to the control device, and a first sprocket is provided on a rotating shaft of the driving motor; the second sprocket, the first sprocket and the second sprocket are linked by a chain
  • the second sprocket is coaxially connected with a synchronous wheel, and the synchronous wheel is meshed with a synchronous belt; a mobile bearing plate fixedly connected to the synchronous belt, a garlic stem holding device and a garlic stopper are all arranged on the mobile bearing plate, that is, garlic Both the stem holding portion 1 and the garlic stopper 3 are provided on a moving bearing plate.
  • a guide block and a guide rail matching the guide block are provided at the bottom of the moving bearing plate.
  • the clamping driving device 7 includes: a first clamping element 6a a third rack 7a fixedly connected; a fourth cylinder 7b electrically connected to the control device, the telescopic end of the fourth cylinder 7b is fixedly connected to the third rack 7a; a fourth fixedly connected to the second clamping element 6e Rack 7c, fourth rack 7 c is parallel to the third rack 7a, and the tooth portion of the third rack 7a is opposite to the tooth portion of the fourth rack 7c; the first portion between the third rack 7a and the fourth rack 7c is pivotally arranged;
  • the second relay gear 7d, the second relay gear 7d meshes with the third rack 7a and the fourth rack 7c, respectively; the second guide rail 7e arranged in parallel with the third rack 7a and the fourth rack 7c;
  • the first clamping element 6a and the second clamping element 6e face each other on the second guide rail 7e.
  • Close clamping means that the clamping driving device 7 drives the first clamping element 6a and the second clamping element 6e to be moved closer or closer to each other.
  • the specific conditions of the clamping driving device 7 can also be determined according to the actual situation. The structure is adjusted for suitability.
  • the control device controls the moving mechanism to move the garlic stem holding portion 1 and the garlic stop portion 3 holding the garlic stem 13a to the garlic head by carrying the garlic stem holding device and the garlic stop device.
  • the control device controls the driving and holding device 7 to perform the driving work.
  • the first clamping element 6a and the second clamping element 6e are closed, and the fifth notch 6b and the sixth notch 6f are gradually closed to clamp the garlic stem 13a.
  • the first inclined surface 6c and the second inclined surface 6g are gradually clamped to fit the top of the garlic 13b during the process of gradually closing, and at the same time, a direction is applied to the top of the garlic 13b.
  • a second lifting device 8 is further provided.
  • the second lifting device 8 is arranged in linkage with the garlic fixing device 6 to drive the garlic fixing device 6 to move up and down; it is provided on the garlic fixing device 6.
  • the lower garlic placing device 9 has a second opening 9a.
  • the second lifting device 8 includes: a lifting cylinder 8a electrically connected to the control device; a lifting plate 8b, and a garlic head
  • the fixing device 6 is fixed on the top of the lifting plate 8b.
  • the bottom of the lifting plate 8b is connected to the telescopic end of the lifting cylinder 8a.
  • the four corners of the bottom of the lifting plate 8b are also provided with guide rods. Matching it Guide sleeve, when the lifting cylinder 8a is extended or retracted, the lifting plate 8b will also rise or fall accordingly, and the garlic fixing device 6 will also rise or fall with the lifting plate 8b, thereby achieving the second lifting
  • the device 8 drives the garlic head fixing device 6 to move up and down.
  • the cutter 10 includes: a first arched blade 10a and a second arched blade 10b opposite to the first arched blade 10a;
  • the cutter driving device 11 includes: a first arched blade 10a A rod 11a; a second rod 11b on which a second arched blade 10b is installed, the first rod 11a and the second rod 11b are cross-articulated;
  • the bracket, the portion of the first rod 11a that intersects the second rod 11b is pivotally It is arranged on the bracket, and the portion of the second rod 11b that intersects with the first rod 11a is pivotally arranged on the bracket; and for driving the first rod 11a and the second rod 11b to rotate close to the bracket, and is connected with the control device
  • the third power device 11c is electrically controlled.
  • the third power device 11c includes a fifth cylinder 11d hinged to the tail on the first rod 11a, and a sixth cylinder 11e hinged to the tail on the second rod 11b.
  • the specific structure of the third power device 11c may also be implemented by other methods such as an electric telescopic cylinder.
  • the second lifting device 8 is controlled by the control device to drive the garlic head fixing device 6 to move the garlic head 13b held by the fifth notch 6b and the sixth notch 6f into the second opening 9a, and the root base 13c leaks out of the first opening 9a.
  • the control device controls the cutter driving device 11 to drive the cutter 10 to cut out the leaked root pedicle 13c, thereby realizing the automation of the cutting process of the root pedicle 13c.
  • the second lifting device 8 moves the garlic fixing device 6 holding the garlic 13b downward, and presses the bottom of the garlic 13b onto the second opening 9a, then the root pedicle 13c leaks out of the second opening 9a, and then the first
  • the three power units 11c simultaneously drive the first rod 11a and the second rod 11b to rotate together, that is, the first arched blade 10a and the second arched blade 10b are sheared to cut the root pedicle 13c from the garlic head 13b.
  • the pedicle 13c grows inwardly.
  • the arc-shaped cutting trajectory formed by the first arched blade 10a and the second arched blade 10b is adapted to the concave shape of the root pedicle 13c.
  • the shape of the second arched blade 10b is arched, so when the first arched blade 10a and the second arched blade 10b perform a shearing motion, a concave cutting range that matches the shape of the root pedicle 13c can be formed. In this way, while removing the root pedicle 13c, the loss of garlic meat is minimized, and the removal of the root pedicle 13c is also automated.
  • the first arched blade 10a is detachably provided on the first rod 11a
  • the second arched blade 10b is detachably provided on the second rod 11b.
  • the first rod 11a is provided with a plurality of threaded holes
  • the first arched blade 10a is provided with a positioning through hole corresponding to the threaded hole
  • the fastening screw is screwed into the threaded hole through the positioning through hole, thereby
  • the first arch-shaped blade 10a is fixed on the first rod 11a.
  • the arched blade 10a is detachably provided on the first rod 11a.
  • the first arched blade 10a can be detachably disposed on the first rod 11a in a snapping manner, for example.
  • the second rod 11b is provided with a plurality of threaded holes, and the second arched blade 10b is provided with a positioning through hole corresponding to the threaded hole. The fastening screw is screwed into the threaded hole through the positioning through hole, so that the second The arched blade 10b is fixed on the second rod 11b.
  • the second arch blade 10b can be detachably provided on the second rod 11b.
  • a snap connection can also be adopted.
  • the second arch blade 10b is detachably disposed on the second rod 11b. Since the radian and size of the root pedicle 13c of different varieties of garlic are different, the arched blades matching the radian and size of the pedicle 13c can be replaced according to the root pedicle 13c of different varieties. In this way, when cutting the root pedicle 13c, it can be cut along the shape of the root pedicle 13c as much as possible. While removing the root pedicle 13c, the loss of garlic meat is minimized, so that this device can Removal of garlic for root pedicle 13c.
  • the specific structure of the cutter and the cutter driving device may also adopt, for example, a flat cutter which is flush with the second opening, a telescopic cylinder connected to the end of the flat cutter, and the flat cutter driven by the telescopic cylinder. Cutting the root pedicle leaking out of the second opening, and so on in other ways.

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Abstract

一种大蒜根部自动化处理设备，包括具有蒜梗夹持部（1）的蒜梗夹持装置；具有蒜头阻挡部（3）的蒜头拦挡装置；以及用于驱动蒜梗夹持装置和蒜头拦挡装置的第一驱动装置（12），蒜梗夹持部（1）与蒜头阻挡部（3）设置成对齐，第一驱动装置（12）设置成驱动蒜梗夹持装置和蒜头拦挡装置之间产生相对位移，以使得蒜梗夹持部（1）与蒜头阻挡部（3）靠拢或分离；该设备使得大蒜根蒂的朝向被固定，便于对根蒂进行去除做业。

Description

大蒜根部自动化处理设备 技术领域
本发明涉及大蒜根部自动化处理设备。
背景技术
大蒜作为一种常用的蔬菜和调味品，在人们的日常生活中被广泛使用，不仅国内消费量大，而且还大量出口；成熟之后的大蒜包括：大蒜头和大蒜梗，大蒜梗即为大蒜茎部成熟后的形态，大蒜梗由大蒜头的顶部向上伸出，大蒜头的底部长有向内凹陷的根蒂，在对大蒜进行深加工时，需要将大蒜头固定住，然后再使用刀具装置去除根蒂；但是，目前的处理设备在固定大蒜头时，还不能固定根蒂的朝向，不便于对根蒂进行去除做业。
发明内容
根据本发明的一个方面，提供了一种大蒜根部自动化处理设备，包括：具有蒜梗夹持部的蒜梗夹持装置；具有蒜头阻挡部的蒜头拦挡装置；以及用于驱动蒜梗夹持装置和蒜头拦挡装置的第一驱动装置；其中，蒜梗夹持部与蒜头阻挡部设置成对齐，第一驱动装置设置成驱动蒜梗夹持装置和蒜头拦挡装置之间产生相对位移，以使得蒜梗夹持部与蒜头阻挡部靠拢或分离。
这样，通过蒜梗夹持部将蒜梗夹持住，然后第一驱动装置驱动蒜梗夹持部和蒜头阻挡部之间产生背向远离移动，直到蒜头被蒜头阻挡部阻挡，蒜梗被第一驱动装置所施加的拉扯力拉直，同时由于蒜梗向上地生长在大蒜的根蒂的中间部位上，当蒜梗被拉直时，根蒂朝向始终与蒜梗所受的拉扯力方向相反，使得根蒂的朝向被固定，便于对根蒂进行去除做业。
在一些实施方式中，蒜梗夹持部还可以包括：第一夹持板，第一夹持板具有第一缺口；和第二夹持板，第一夹持板与第二夹持板平行设置且具有高度差，第二夹持板具有第二缺口，第二缺口的朝向与第一缺口的朝向设置成相向地朝向；蒜梗夹持装置包括用于驱动第一夹持板和第二夹持板的第二驱动装置，第二驱动装置驱动第一夹持板和第二夹持板相对移动。
这样，当第二驱动装置驱动第一夹持板和第二夹持板相向靠拢运动时，由于第一夹持板与第二夹持板错开设置，第一夹持板与第二夹持板重叠，第一缺口与第二缺口之间的间隙逐渐缩小，从而将蒜梗夹持住，具有结构简单紧凑的特点。
在一些实施方式中，蒜头阻挡部还可以设置成具有用于卡住蒜头的第一开口，且蒜头阻挡部包括：第一挡板，第一挡板具有第三缺口；和第二挡板，第 二挡板具有第四缺口，第四缺口的朝向与第三缺口的朝向设置成相向地朝向；蒜头拦挡装置包括第二驱动装置，第二驱动装置还用于驱动第一挡板和第二挡板相对移动，并设置成当驱动第一挡板和第二挡板相向靠拢时，使得第三缺口与第四缺口合拢形成第一开口。
这样，当第二驱动装置驱动第一夹持板和第二夹持板相向靠拢运动的同时，第二驱动装置驱动也驱动第一挡板和第二挡板相向靠拢，使得蒜梗被包合在第三缺口与第四缺口合拢所形成第一开口中，这样无需再借助辅助手段来将蒜梗穿过第一开口，具有结构简单，设计巧妙的特点。
在一些实施方式中，第一挡板和第二挡板还可以平行设置且具有高度差，第一缺口、第二缺口、第三缺口和第四缺口均设置成由内向外逐渐扩大。
这样，由于第一缺口和第二缺口由内向外逐渐扩大，呈广口状，第一夹持板和第二夹持板相向靠拢的过程中，第一缺口和第二缺口围合住更大的范围，即第一缺口和第二缺口可以将处于不同位置的蒜梗包围起来，然后第一夹持板和第二夹持板继续相向靠拢并重叠在一起，第一缺口和第二缺口所围合形成的空间逐渐变小，从而将处于不同位置上的蒜梗夹持住；同时，通过将第一挡板和第二挡板平行设置且具有高度差，当第二驱动装置驱动第一夹持板和第二夹持板相向靠拢的过程中，第一挡板和第二挡板重叠地靠拢，又由于第三缺口和第四缺口均设置成由内向外逐渐扩大，故第三缺口和第四缺口可以围合住更大的范围，从而可以使得处于不用位置上的蒜梗被包合在第三缺口与第四缺口合拢所形成第一开口。
在一些实施方式中，第二驱动装置还可以包括：第一齿条；第二齿条，第二齿条与第一齿条平行，且第一齿条的齿部与第二齿条的齿部相向地朝向；第一中继齿轮，第一中继齿轮的中心轴枢转地设置于第二齿条与第一齿条之间，第一中继齿轮分别与第一齿条和第二齿条啮合；设于第一齿条上的第一承载架，第一夹持板和第一挡板依次由上而下设置在第一承载架上，第一缺口与第三缺口对齐；设于第二齿条上的第二承载架，第二夹持板和第二挡板依次由上而下设置在第二承载架上，第二缺口与第四缺口对齐；与第一齿条和第二齿条平行设置的第一导轨，第一承载架和第二承载架分别滑动地设置在第一导轨上；以及与第一齿条联动设置的第一动力装置。
这样，第一动力装置驱动第一齿条向右移动，在第一齿条带动第一承载架向右移动的同时，在第一中继齿轮的传动下，第二齿条与第一齿条的移动方向相反，第二齿条也同时带动第二承载架向左移动，即实现了第一夹持板与第二夹持板同步地相向靠拢移动，使得对蒜梗的夹持动作更加精准；另外也实现了第一挡板与第二挡板同步地相向靠拢移动，使得第三缺口与第四缺口更加精准地将蒜梗围合住。
在一些实施方式中，第一夹持板沿着指向或背向第一挡板的方向上滑动地设置在第一承载架上；第二夹持板沿着指向或背向第二挡板的方向上滑动地设置在第二承载架上；第一驱动装置包括：第二动力装置，第一夹持板和第二夹持板均与第二动力装置联动设置，第二动力装置驱动第一夹持板和第二夹持板同时朝向或背离第一挡板和第二挡板移动。
这样，通过将第一夹持板滑动地设置在第一承载架上，第二夹持板滑动地设置在第二承载架上，然后通过第二动力装置来驱动第一夹持板和第一夹持板相对于第一挡板与第二挡板产生位移，即实现了第一驱动装置驱动蒜梗夹持部和蒜头阻挡部之间产生相对位移，具有结构简单紧凑、设计巧妙的特点。
在一些实施方式中，还可以包括：第一升降装置，第一升降装置与第一导轨联动设置；传送带，传送带上均匀排布有多个间隔空间，传送带包括水平设置的水平部和相对于水平部向下倾斜的倾斜部；用于驱动传送带运转的传送带驱动装置；大蒜容器，倾斜部伸入到大蒜容器内；以及控制装置，控制装置用于控制传送带驱动装置的进给量，并根据传送带驱动装置的进给量控制第一升降装置升起或下降。
这样，通过将传送带的倾斜部伸入到大蒜容器内，传送带驱动装置驱动传送带运转，将容置在间隔空间内的大蒜从大蒜容器内移动到水平部，然后控制装置控制传送带驱动装置驱动传送带运转一个间隔空间的距离后，传送带驱动装置停止驱动，同时控制装置控制第一升降装置通过带动第一导轨来载动第一承载架和第二承载架向靠近传送带上的水平部的方向移动；然后第一承载架上的第一夹持板和第一挡板，以及第二承载架上的第二夹持板和第二挡板向水平部移动，然后第一夹持板和第二夹持板将处于矗立状态的大蒜的蒜梗夹持住，同时第一挡板和第二挡板将蒜梗包合，接着按照前述的过程完成对大蒜的根蒂进行朝向定位的工序，从而无需人工放置大蒜，实现了放置大蒜工序的自动化，节省了人力。
在一些实施方式中，还可以包括：移动机构，蒜梗夹持装置和蒜头拦挡装置均设置在移动机构上，移动机构载动蒜梗夹持装置和蒜头拦挡装置进行移动，即移动机构载动蒜梗夹持装置和蒜头拦挡装置进行移动；蒜头固定装置，蒜头固定装置包括：第一夹持元件，第一夹持元件上具有第五缺口和第一斜面，与第一夹持元件相对设置的第二夹持元件，第二夹持元件上具有与第五缺口相对设置的第六缺口和第二斜面，第一斜面由第五缺口开始向远离第二夹持元件的方向进行倾斜延展，第二斜面由第六缺口开始向远离第一夹持元件的方向进行倾斜延展；以及用于驱动第一夹持元件和第二夹持元件靠拢或分离的夹持驱动装置；其中，控制装置还用于控制移动机构的行程，并根据移动机构的行程位置通过控制夹持驱动装置来控制第一夹持元件和第二夹持元件靠拢或分离。
这样，移动机构将夹持有蒜梗的蒜梗夹持装置和蒜头拦挡装置移动到蒜头固定装置上方，第一夹持元件和第二夹持元件合拢，第五缺口和第六缺口逐渐合拢将蒜梗夹持，由于蒜头的顶部呈尖头状，第一斜面和第二斜面逐渐靠拢的过程中与蒜头的顶部夹紧贴合，在夹紧的同时，给蒜头的顶部施加一个方向向下的驱动力，在该驱动力的作用下，蒜梗与蒜梗夹持部产生相对位移，蒜头逐渐向下移动，最后蒜头完全被拉入到第一斜面和第二斜面之间，并与第一斜面和第二斜面贴紧，同时蒜梗被夹持在第五缺口和第六缺口之间，即蒜头被稳定地夹持在第一夹持元件和第二夹持元件之间，不易松动和移动，在对根蒂进行切除时，蒜头不会发生移动，从而为根蒂的切除工作提供了便利。
在一些实施方式中，还可以包括：第二升降装置，第二升降装置与蒜头固定装置联动设置，以带动蒜头固定装置升降运动；设置于蒜头固定装置下方的蒜头放置装置，蒜头放置装置具有第二开口，当第一夹持元件和第二夹持元件处于靠拢状态时，第二开口与第五缺口和第六缺口所围合形成的夹持空间对齐；设于第二开口下方的刀具；以及用于驱动刀具进行切割动作的刀具驱动装置；其中，控制装置还用于控制第二升降装置的行程，并根据第二升降装置的行程位置控制刀具驱动装置进行驱动。
这样，通过第二升降装置带动蒜头固定装置移动，将第五缺口和第六缺口所夹持的蒜头压入到第二开口上，根蒂漏出于第二开口中，然后刀具驱动装置驱动刀具将漏出来的根蒂切除。
在一些实施方式中，刀具还可以包括：第一拱形刀片和与第一拱形刀片相对设置的第二拱形刀片；刀具驱动装置包括：用于承载第一拱形刀片的第一杆，用于承载第二拱形刀片的第二杆，第一杆与第二杆铰接设置，以及与第一杆和第二杆联动设置的第三动力装置，以驱动第一杆和第二杆围绕铰接点转动；控制装置用于控制第三动力装置进行驱动动作。
这样，由于根蒂是向内凹生长，第一拱形刀片与第二拱形刀片形成的弧形的剪切轨迹与根蒂的内凹形态相适配，同时由于第一拱形刀片与第二拱形刀片的形状为拱形，故第一拱形刀片与第二拱形刀片进行剪切运动时，可以形成一个与根蒂的外形相适配的内凹剪切范围，这样，在去除根蒂的同时，最大程度地减少了蒜肉的损失，同时也实现了根蒂去除工序的自动化。
附图说明
图1为本发明一种实施方式的大蒜根部自动化处理设备的结构示意图；
图2为图1中蒜梗夹持装置和蒜头拦挡装置处于靠近状态时的结构示意图；
图3为图1中第一夹持板和第二夹持板处于靠拢重叠状态，第一挡板和第二挡板处于靠拢重叠状态时的结构示意图；
图4为图1所示的大蒜根部自动化处理设备的后视图；
图5为图3中第一夹持板和第二夹持板将蒜梗夹持，第一挡板和第二挡板将蒜梗围合的结构示意图；
图6为图5中蒜梗夹持部和蒜头阻挡部远离移动，将蒜梗拉直的结构示意图；
图7为图1中蒜梗夹持部、蒜头阻挡部与传送带的结构示意图；
图8为图7中A的局部放大示意图；
图9为图1中蒜梗夹持部、蒜头阻挡部与蒜头固定装置的结构示意图；
图10为图9中的蒜头固定装置的结构示意图；
图11为图10中的蒜头固定装置的分解状态示意图；
图12为图10中第一夹持元件、第二夹持元件与蒜梗夹持部和蒜头阻挡部配合的结构示意图；
图13为图12中第一夹持元件和第二夹持元件开始合拢时，蒜头与第一斜面和第二斜面接触的状态示意图；
图14为图13中第一夹持元件和第二夹持元件完全合拢后，蒜头完全被拉入到第一斜面和第二斜面之间，并与第一斜面和第二斜面贴紧的状态示意图；
图15为图10所示的蒜头固定装置与蒜头放置装置、刀具和刀具驱动装置配合的结构示意图；
图16为图15中蒜头放置装置、刀具以及刀具驱动装置的结构示意图；
图17为图16中蒜头放置装置、刀具、刀具驱动装置处于分解状态的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明作进一步详细的说明。
如图1～4所示，大蒜根部自动化处理设备包括：具有蒜梗夹持部1的蒜梗夹持装置；具有蒜头阻挡部3的蒜头拦挡装置；以及用于驱动蒜梗夹持装置和蒜头拦挡装置的第一驱动装置12；其中，蒜梗夹持部1与蒜头阻挡部3设置成对齐，第一驱动装置12设置成驱动蒜梗夹持装置和蒜头拦挡装置之间产生相对位移，以使得蒜梗夹持部1与蒜头阻挡部3靠拢或分离。
如图1～4所示，在本实施例中，蒜梗夹持部1包括：第一夹持板1a，第一夹持板1a具有第一缺口1b；和第二夹持板1c，第一夹持板1a与第二夹持板1c平行设置且具有高度差，第二夹持板1c具有第二缺口1d，第二缺口1d的朝向与第一缺口1b的朝向设置成相向地朝向；蒜梗夹持装置包括用于驱动第一夹持板1a和第二夹持板1c的第二驱动装置2，第二驱动装置2驱动第一夹持板1a和第二夹持板1c相对移动。当第二驱动装置2驱动第一夹持板1a和第二夹持板 1c相向靠拢运动时，由于第一夹持板1a与第二夹持板1c错开设置，第一夹持板1a与第二夹持板1c重叠，第一缺口1b与第二缺口1d之间的间隙逐渐缩小，从而将蒜梗13a夹持住，具有结构简单紧凑的特点。
如图1～4所示，在本实施例中，蒜头阻挡部3设置成具有用于卡住蒜头的第一开口3e，且蒜头阻挡部3包括：第一挡板3a，第一挡板3a具有第三缺口3b；和第二挡板3c，第二挡板3c具有第四缺口3d，第四缺口3d的朝向与第三缺口3b的朝向设置成相向地朝向；蒜头拦挡装置包括第二驱动装置2，第二驱动装置2还用于驱动第一挡板3a和第二挡板3c相对移动，并设置成当驱动第一挡板3a和第二挡板3c相向靠拢时，使得第三缺口3b与第四缺口3d合拢形成第一开口3e。在其他实施方式中，用于拦挡蒜头的第一开口的具体结构还可以采用例如：将蒜头阻挡部设置成一块拦挡板，该拦挡板上开设有孔径尺寸小于蒜头的通孔，即该通孔为第一开口；等其他方式实现。当第二驱动装置2驱动第一夹持板1a和第二夹持板1c相向靠拢运动的同时，第二驱动装置2驱动也驱动第一挡板3a和第二挡板3c相向靠拢，使得蒜梗13a被包合在第三缺口3b与第四缺口3d合拢所形成第一开口3e中，这样无需再借助辅助手段来将蒜梗13a穿过第一开口3e，具有结构简单，设计巧妙的特点。
如图1～4所示，在本实施例中，第一挡板3a和第二挡板3c平行设置且具有高度差，第一缺口1b、第二缺口1d、第三缺口3b和第四缺口3d均设置成由内向外逐渐扩大。由于每个大蒜的蒜梗13a相对于蒜头13b的位置都不一样，所以蒜梗13a的位置在一定范围内变化；而由于第一缺口1b和第二缺口1d由内向外逐渐扩大，呈广口状，第一夹持板1a和第二夹持板1c相向靠拢的过程中，第一缺口1b和第二缺口1d围合住更大的范围，即第一缺口1b和第二缺口1d可以将处于不同位置的蒜梗13a包围起来，然后第一夹持板1a和第二夹持板1c继续相向靠拢并重叠在一起，第一缺口1b和第二缺口1d所围合形成的空间逐渐变小，从而将处于不同位置上的蒜梗13a夹持住；同时，通过将第一挡板3a和第二挡板3c平行设置且具有高度差，当第二驱动装置2驱动第一夹持板1a和第二夹持板1c相向靠拢的过程中，第一挡板3a和第二挡板3c重叠地靠拢，又由于第三缺口3b和第四缺口3d均设置成由内向外逐渐扩大，故第三缺口3b和第四缺口3d可以围合住更大的范围，从而可以使得处于不用位置上的蒜梗13a被包合在第三缺口3b与第四缺口3d合拢所形成第一开口3e。
如图1～4所示，在本实施例中，第二驱动装置2包括：第一齿条2b；第二齿条2d，第二齿条2d与第一齿条2b平行，且第一齿条2b的齿部与第二齿条2d的齿部相向地朝向；第一中继齿轮2e，第一中继齿轮2e的中心轴枢转地设置于第二齿条2d与第一齿条2b之间，第一中继齿轮2e分别与第一齿条2b和第二齿条2d啮合；设于第一齿条2b上的第一承载架2a，第一夹持板1a和第一挡 板3a依次由上而下设置在第一承载架2a上，第一缺口1b与第三缺口3b对齐；设于第二齿条2d上的第二承载架2c，第二夹持板1c和第二挡板3c依次由上而下设置在第二承载架2c上，第二缺口1d与第四缺口3d对齐；与第一齿条2b和第二齿条2d平行设置的第一导轨2f，第一承载架2a和第二承载架2c分别滑动地设置在第一导轨2f上；以及与第一齿条2b联动设置的第一动力装置2g。在其他实施方式中，第一动力装置2g还可以与第二齿条2d联动设置，在本实施例中第一动力装置2g为第一气缸，第一气缸的伸缩杆与第一齿条2b固定连接。这样，第一动力装置2g驱动第一齿条2b向右移动，在第一齿条2b带动第一承载架2a向右移动的同时，在第一中继齿轮2e的传动下，第二齿条2d与第一齿条2b的移动方向相反，第二齿条2d也同时带动第二承载架2c向左移动，即实现了第一夹持板1a与第二夹持板1c同步地相向靠拢移动，使得对蒜梗13a的夹持动作更加精准；另外也实现了第一挡板3a与第二挡板3c同步地相向靠拢移动，使得第三缺口3b与第四缺口3d更加精准地将蒜梗13a围合住。
如图1～4所示，在本实施例中，第一夹持板1a沿着指向或背向第一挡板3a的方向上滑动地设置在第一承载架2a上；第二夹持板1c沿着指向或背向第二挡板3c的方向上滑动地设置在第二承载架2c上，在本实施例中，第一承载架2a和第二承载架2c均为套设有轴套2h的导向轴，第一夹持板1a和第二夹持板1c分别固定在轴套2h上，即第一夹持板1a实现了滑动地设置在第一承载架2a上，第二夹持板1c实现了滑动地设置在第二承载架2c上；第一驱动装置12包括：第二动力装置12a，第一夹持板1a和第二夹持板1c均与第二动力装置12a联动设置，第二动力装置12a驱动第一夹持板1a和第二夹持板1c同时朝向或背离第一挡板3a和第二挡板3c移动，在本实施例中，第二动力装置12a为第二气缸，第二气缸的伸缩杆固定连接有拉升板12b，轴套2h上还均固定设置有带有凸缘12f的第一板12d，拉升板12b上设置有与凸缘12f对应的长槽12c，凸缘12f均插入到长槽12c内，凸缘12f可在长槽12c内滑动，当第二气缸的伸缩杆动作时，拉升板12b带动第一板12d，第一板12d带动轴套2h，轴套2h分别带动第一夹持板1a和第二夹持板1c向上或下移动；第一挡板3a固定设置在第一承载架2a的底端，第二挡板3c固定设置在第二承载架2c的底端，这样，通过将第一夹持板1a滑动地设置在第一承载架2a上，第二夹持板1c滑动地设置在第二承载架2c上，然后通过第二动力装置12a来驱动第一夹持板1a和第一夹持板1a相对于第一挡板3a与第二挡板3c产生位移，即实现了第一驱动装置12驱动蒜梗夹持部1和蒜头阻挡部3之间产生相对位移，具有结构简单紧凑、设计巧妙的特点。
如图1～6所示，工作过程，首先，第一夹持板1a和第二夹持板1c置于分离状态，第一挡板3a和第二挡板3c置于分离状态，第一夹持板1a与第一挡板 3a置于靠近状态，即蒜梗夹持部1与蒜头阻挡部3处于靠近状态；然后将大蒜置于下方，蒜梗13a朝上，第一动力装置2g驱动第一齿条2b向右缩回，第一齿条2b带动第一承载架2a向右移动，在第一中继齿轮2e的传动下，第二齿条2d与第一齿条2b的移动方向相反，第二齿条2d带动第二承载架2c向左移动，那么，第一夹持板1a和第二夹持板1c相向靠拢，第一缺口1b与第二缺口1d逐渐重叠合拢，第一缺口1b与第二缺口1d所包合形成的空间逐渐缩小，将蒜梗13a夹持住，即蒜梗夹持部1将蒜梗13a夹持住，在其他实施方式中，蒜梗夹持部1还可以是机械夹爪等其他夹持机构；同时第一挡板3a和第二挡板3c相向靠拢，第三缺口3b与第四缺口3d合拢形成第一开口3e，将蒜梗13a包合在第三缺口3b与第四缺口3d之间，即蒜梗13a套入并穿过第一开口3e；接着第二动力装置12a驱动拉升板12b向上移动，由于凸缘12f插入到长槽12c内，故拉升板12b通过凸缘12f带动第一板12d，第一板12d带动轴套2h，轴套2h带动第一夹持板1a和第二夹持板1c向上移动，此时第一挡板3a和第二挡板3c不移动，即第一驱动装置12驱动蒜梗夹持部1相对于蒜头阻挡部3向上移动，那么蒜梗夹持部1拉动蒜梗13a穿过第一开口3e向上移动，直到蒜头13b与第一开口3e接触相抵，由于蒜头13b从顶部往底部的体积逐渐增大，只有蒜头13b的顶部能穿过第一开口3e，蒜头13b的顶部以下的部位不能穿过第一开口3e，蒜梗13a受到拉扯变直，此时第二动力装置12a继续驱动拉升板12b向上移动一段距离，由于蒜梗13a材质蓬松，在拉扯力的作用下蒜梗13a会相对于第一缺口1b和第二缺口1d所形成的夹持空间发生滑动摩擦，即蒜梗13a与蒜梗夹持部1之间发生相对滑动摩擦，那么蒜梗13a始终受到第二动力装置12a所施加的向上拉扯力，即蒜梗13a始终受到第一驱动装置12所施加的向上拉扯力且被蒜梗夹持部1夹持固定，蒜头13b被蒜梗13a所传递的向上拉扯力卡稳固定在第一开口3e上，蒜头13b的外周与第一开口3e的边缘贴紧吻合，在外力的影响下蒜头13b不会轻易地发生移动；同时由于蒜梗13a向上生长在大蒜的根蒂13c的背面上，当蒜梗13a受到第一驱动装置12所施加的向上拉扯力被拉直时，根蒂13c的正面朝下，即根蒂13c朝向与蒜梗13a所受的拉扯力方向相反，这样固定了根蒂13c的朝向后，为后续对根蒂13c进行去除做业提供了便利；通过将蒜梗13a套入并穿过蒜头阻挡部3上的第一开口3e，蒜梗夹持部1将蒜梗13a夹持住，第一驱动装置12驱动蒜梗夹持部1和蒜头阻挡部3之间产生背向远离移动，由于蒜头13b被拦挡在第一开口3e，蒜梗13a被第一驱动装置12所施加的拉扯力拉直，蒜头13b被蒜梗13a所传递的拉扯力卡稳固定在第一开口3e，在外力的影响下蒜头13b不会轻易地发生移动；同时由于蒜梗13a向上地生长在大蒜的根蒂13c的中间部位上，当蒜梗13a被拉直时，根蒂13c朝向始终与蒜梗13a所受的拉扯力方向相反，使得根蒂13c的朝向被固定，便于对根蒂13c进行去除 做业。在其他实施方式中，蒜头阻挡部的具体结构还可以采用例如：将两块相对地设置的挡板之间设有间隔，该间隔的宽度小于蒜头的尺寸，且大于蒜梗的直径，使得蒜头的不能穿过该间隔，而蒜梗能够穿过该间隔。这样，通过蒜梗夹持部1将蒜梗13a夹持住，然后第一驱动装置12驱动蒜梗夹持部1和蒜头阻挡部3之间产生背向远离移动，直到蒜头13b被蒜头阻挡部3阻挡，蒜梗13a被第一驱动装置12所施加的拉扯力拉直，同时由于蒜梗13a向上地生长在大蒜的根蒂13c的中间部位上，当蒜梗13a被拉直时，根蒂13c朝向始终与蒜梗13a所受的拉扯力方向相反，使得根蒂13c的朝向被固定，便于对根蒂13c进行去除做业。
如图7～8所示，在本实施例中，还包括：第一升降装置4，第一升降装置4与第一导轨2f联动设置；传送带5，传送带5上均匀排布有多个间隔空间5a，传送带5包括水平设置的水平部5c和相对于水平部5c向下倾斜的倾斜部5d；用于驱动传送带5运转的传送带驱动装置5e；大蒜容器5f，倾斜部5d伸入到大蒜容器5f内；以及控制装置，控制装置用于控制传送带驱动装置5e的进给量，并根据传送带驱动装置5e的进给量控制第一升降装置4升起或下降；在本实施例中，水平部5c位于蒜梗夹持部1的下方，第一升降装置4包括第三气缸4a，第一导轨2f的两末端安装在固定板4b上，第三气缸4a的伸缩端与固定板4b固定连接，实现了第一升降装置4与第一导轨2f的联动设置，由于第一承载架2a和第二承载架2c均设置在第一导轨2f上，所以第一升降装置4可以带动第一承载架2a和第二承载架2c升降运动，从而带动第一夹持板1a、第二夹持板1c、第一挡板3a和第二挡板3c上升或者下降移动；在本实施例中，通过在传送带5上均匀排布设置有多个间隔板5b，两相邻的间隔板5b之间形成间隔空间5a，即实现了在传送带5上均匀设置有多个间隔空间5a，在其他实施方式中，还可以通过例如在传送带5上均匀设置多个具有凹槽的容纳盒等其他具体结构来实现在传送带5上均匀设置有多个间隔空间5a；在倾斜部5d的上方还设置有旋转毛刷5g，旋转毛刷5g与传送带5之间的高度小于蒜头13b的宽度，间隔板5b的高度不高于蒜头13b的高度，即间隔空间5a的深度不高于蒜头13b的高度，且间隔空间5a仅能容纳一个蒜头13b，旋转毛刷5g的旋转方向与传送带5的传输方向相反；在水平部5c的侧旁设置有拨动杆5h，拨动杆5h固定设置在拨动气缸5i的伸缩端，拨动杆5h由拨动气缸5i驱动伸出或缩回，拨动气缸5i固定设置在顶升气缸5j的伸缩端上；在本实施例中，控制装置为PLC，传送带驱动装置5e为伺服电机，控制装置通过控制线与传送带驱动装置5e和第一升降装置4电连接，当控制装置控制传送带驱动装置5e驱动传送带运转一个间隔空间5a的距离后，传送带驱动装置5e停止驱动，同时控制装置控制第一升降装置4通过带动第一导轨2f来载动第一承载架2a和第二承载架2c向靠近传送带5上的 水平部5c的方向移动。
工作过程，首先将批量的大蒜放入到大蒜容器5f中，然后传送带驱动装置5e驱动传送带5循环转动，大蒜容置在间隔空间5a内，大蒜随着传送带5由倾斜部5d运转向上传动，此时容置在间隔空间5a内的大蒜有两种状态，第一种状态：蒜头13b的底部与传送带5靠齐，即蒜头13b正放在传送带5上，蒜梗13a相对于传送带5朝上矗立，当蒜头13b经过旋转毛刷5g时，由于旋转毛刷5g不能接触到蒜头13b，那么旋转毛刷5g并不会对处于正放状态的蒜头13b造成阻挡，同时蒜梗13a具有柔韧性而且细长，当蒜梗13a经过旋转毛刷5g时，蒜梗13a会产生弯曲，并且通过旋转毛刷5g的刷毛与刷毛之间的空隙穿过旋转毛刷5g，所以处于正放状态的蒜头13b在通过旋转毛刷5g后不会发生倾倒；第二种状态：蒜头13b的侧面与传送带5靠齐，蒜头13b侧放在传送带5上，由于蒜头13b呈扁平状，蒜头13b的宽度尺寸明显大于其高度尺寸，所以当蒜头13b侧放在传送带5上时，蒜头13b会漏出在间隔空间5a外部，当蒜头13b经过旋转毛刷5g时，由于传送带5从左向右传输，旋转毛刷5g顺时针旋转，而且旋转毛刷5g与传送带5之间的高度小于蒜头13b的宽度，所以处于侧放状态的蒜头13b会被旋转毛刷5g阻挡，并且通过摩擦接触将蒜头13b从间隔空间5a内带出剔除；这样只有处于正放状态的大蒜可以由倾斜部5d运转到水平部5c，在运转的过程中，有部分的大蒜可能会发生倾倒，这时拨动气缸5i驱动拨动杆5h向前伸入到间隔空间5a内，顶升气缸5j再驱动拨动气缸5i带着拨动杆5h向上运动，将处于倾倒状态的蒜梗13a向上挑拨，使其处于朝上矗立；大蒜运动到蒜梗夹持部1的下方后，由于大蒜的蒜梗13a朝上矗立，此时第三气缸4a通过驱动第一导轨2f来驱动第一承载架2a和第二承载架2c，向下移动，那么第一夹持板1a、第二夹持板1c、第一挡板3a和第二挡板3c也向下移动，然后第一夹持板1a和第二夹持板1c将蒜梗13a夹持住，同时第一挡板3a和第二挡板3c将蒜梗13a包合，然后完成上述的对大蒜的根蒂进行朝向定位的工序；这样，通过将传送带5的倾斜部5d伸入到大蒜容器5f内，传送带驱动装置5e驱动传送带5运转，将容置在间隔空间5a内的大蒜从大蒜容器5f内移动到水平部5c，然后控制装置控制传送带驱动装置5e驱动传送带运转一个间隔空间5a的距离后，传送带驱动装置5e停止驱动，同时控制装置控制第一升降装置4通过带动第一导轨2f来载动第一承载架2a和第二承载架2c向靠近传送带5上的水平部5c的方向移动；然后第一承载架2a上的第一夹持板1a和第一挡板3a，以及第二承载架2c上的第二夹持板1c和第二挡板3c向水平部5c移动，然后第一夹持板1a和第二夹持板1c将处于矗立状态的大蒜的蒜梗13a夹持住，同时第一挡板3a和第二挡板3c将蒜梗13a包合，接着按照前述的过程完成对大蒜的根蒂进行朝向定位的工序，从而无需人工放置大蒜，实现了放置大蒜工序的自动化，节 省了人力。
如图9～14所示，在本实施例中，还包括：移动机构，蒜梗夹持装置和蒜头拦挡装置均设置在移动机构上，移动机构载动蒜梗夹持装置和蒜头拦挡装置进行移动，即移动机构载动蒜梗夹持装置1和蒜头拦挡装置3进行移动；蒜头固定装置6，蒜头固定装置6包括：第一夹持元件6a，第一夹持元件6a上具有第五缺口6b和第一斜面6c，与第一夹持元件6a相对设置的第二夹持元件6e，第二夹持元件6e上具有与第五缺口6b相对设置的第六缺口6f和第二斜面6g，第一斜面6c由第五缺口6b开始向远离第二夹持元件6e的方向进行倾斜延展，第二斜面6g由第六缺口6f开始向远离第一夹持元件6a的方向进行倾斜延展；以及用于驱动第一夹持元件6a和第二夹持元件6e靠拢或分离的夹持驱动装置7；其中，控制装置还用于控制移动机构的行程，并根据移动机构的行程位置通过控制夹持驱动装置7来控制第一夹持元件6a和第二夹持元件6e靠拢或分离。在本实施例中，移动机构包括：与控制装置电控连接的驱动电机，驱动电机的转轴上设有第一链轮；第二链轮，第一链轮与第二链轮通过链条联动起来，第二链轮同轴连接有同步轮，同步轮上啮合配对有同步带；与同步带固定连接的移动承载板，蒜梗夹持装置和蒜头拦挡装置均设置在移动承载板上，即蒜梗夹持部1和蒜头阻挡部3均设置在移动承载板上，移动承载板底部设有导向块以及与导向块配套的导向轨，这样，蒜梗夹持部1和蒜头阻挡部3能随着移动承载板在驱动电机的驱动下一起移动，即移动机构驱动蒜梗夹持部1和蒜头阻挡部3进行移动；在本实施例中，夹持驱动装置7包括：与第一夹持元件6a固定连接的第三齿条7a；与控制装置电控连接的第四气缸7b，第四气缸7b的伸缩端与第三齿条7a固定连接；与第二夹持元件6e固定连接的第四齿条7c，第四齿条7c与第三齿条7a平行，且第三齿条7a的齿部与第四齿条7c的齿部相对设置；枢转地设置于第三齿条7a与第四齿条7c之间的第二中继齿轮7d，第二中继齿轮7d分别与第三齿条7a和第四齿条7c啮合；与第三齿条7a和第四齿条7c平行设置的第二导轨7e；第一夹持元件6a和第二夹持元件6e分别滑动设置在第二导轨7e上；当第四气缸7b驱动第三齿条7a缩回时，在第二中继齿轮7d的传动下，第四齿条7c与第三齿条7a朝相反的方向移动，即第三齿条7a与第四齿条7c相向移动，那么，第一夹持元件6a和第二夹持元件6e在第二导轨7e上相向靠拢夹持，即实现了夹持驱动装置7驱动第一夹持元件6a和第二夹持元件6e靠拢或分离；在其他实施方式中，还可以根据实际情况，对夹持驱动装置7的具体结构进行适宜性调整。
如图12～14所示，工作过程，控制装置控制移动机构通过载动蒜梗夹持装置和蒜头拦挡装置将夹持有蒜梗13a的蒜梗夹持部1和蒜头阻挡部3移动到蒜头固定装置6上方，然后控制装置控制驱动持驱动装置7进行驱动工作，第一 夹持元件6a和第二夹持元件6e合拢，第五缺口6b和第六缺口6f逐渐合拢将蒜梗13a夹持，由于蒜头13b的顶部呈尖头状，第一斜面6c和第二斜面6g逐渐靠拢的过程中与蒜头13b的顶部夹紧贴合，在夹紧的同时，给蒜头13b的顶部施加一个方向向下的驱动力，在该驱动力的作用下，蒜梗13a与蒜梗夹持部1产生相对位移，蒜头13b逐渐向下移动，最后蒜头13b完全被拉入到第一斜面6c和第二斜面6g之间，并与第一斜面6c和第二斜面6g贴紧，同时蒜梗13a被夹持在第五缺口6b和第六缺口6f之间，即蒜头13b被稳定地夹持在第一夹持元件6a和第二夹持元件6e之间，不易松动和移动，在对根蒂13c进行切除时，蒜头13b不会发生移动，从而为根蒂13c的切除工作提供了便利。
如图15～17所示，在本实施例中，还包括第二升降装置8，第二升降装置8与蒜头固定装置6联动设置，以带动蒜头固定装置6升降运动；设置于蒜头固定装置6下方的蒜头放置装置9，蒜头放置装置9具有第二开口9a，当第一夹持元件6a和第二夹持元件6e处于靠拢状态时，第二开口9a与第五缺口6b和第六缺口6f所围合形成的夹持空间对齐；设于第二开口9a下方的刀具10；以及用于驱动刀具10进行切割动作的刀具驱动装置11；其中，控制装置还用于控制第二升降装置8的行程，并根据第二升降装置8的行程位置控制刀具驱动装置11进行驱动；在本实施例中，第二升降装置8包括：与控制装置电控连接的升降气缸8a；托举板8b，蒜头固定装置6固定在托举板8b的顶部，托举板8b的底部与升降气缸8a的伸缩端连接，托举板8b的底部的四个角上还设置有导杆，导杆上套设有与之配套的导向套筒，当升降气缸8a伸出或者缩回时，托举板8b也会随之上升或者下降，那么蒜头固定装置6也会随着托举板8b上升或者下降，即实现了第二升降装置8带动蒜头固定装置6升降运动。在本实施例中，刀具10包括：第一拱形刀片10a和与第一拱形刀片10a相对设置的第二拱形刀片10b；刀具驱动装置11包括：安装有第一拱形刀片10a的第一杆11a；安装有第二拱形刀片10b的第二杆11b，第一杆11a与第二杆11b交叉铰接设置；支架，第一杆11a上与第二杆11b的交叉的部位枢转地设置在支架上，第二杆11b上与第一杆11a的交叉的部位枢转地设置在支架上；以及用于驱动第一杆11a和第二杆11b在支架上靠拢转动，且与控制装置电控连接第三动力装置11c，在本实施例中，第三动力装置11c包括与第一杆11a上尾部铰接的第五气缸11d，与第二杆11b上尾部铰接的第六气缸11e，在其他实施方式中，第三动力装置11c的具体结构还可以采用例如电动伸缩缸等其他方式来实现。这样，通过控制装置来控制第二升降装置8带动蒜头固定装置6移动，将第五缺口6b和第六缺口6f所夹持的蒜头13b压入到第二开口9a上，根蒂13c漏出于第二开口9a中，然后控制装置控制刀具驱动装置11驱动刀具10将漏出来的根蒂13c切除，实现了根蒂13c切除工序的自动化。
工作过程，第二升降装置8将夹持有蒜头13b的蒜头固定装置6向下移动，将蒜头13b的底部压入到第二开口9a上，那么根蒂13c漏出于第二开口9a，然后第三动力装置11c同时驱动第一杆11a和第二杆11b合拢转动，即第一拱形刀片10a与第二拱形刀片10b剪切动作，将根蒂13c从蒜头13b上剪切掉，由于根蒂13c是向内凹生长，第一拱形刀片10a与第二拱形刀片10b形成的弧形的剪切轨迹与根蒂13c的内凹形态相适配，同时由于第一拱形刀片10a与第二拱形刀片10b的形状为拱形，故第一拱形刀片10a与第二拱形刀片10b进行剪切运动时，可以形成一个与根蒂13c的外形相适配的内凹剪切范围，这样，在去除根蒂13c的同时，最大程度地减少了蒜肉的损失，同时也实现了根蒂13c去除工序的自动化。
如图16～17所示，在本实施例中，第一拱形刀片10a可拆卸地设置在第一杆11a上，第二拱形刀片10b可拆卸地设置在第二杆11b上，在本实施例中，第一杆11a上开设有多个螺纹孔，第一拱形刀片10a上开设有与螺纹孔对应的定位通孔，紧固螺丝穿过定位通孔旋入到螺纹孔中，从而将第一拱形刀片10a固定在第一杆11a上，当需要将第一拱形刀片10a从第一杆11a上拆卸下来时，只需将紧固螺丝从螺纹孔中旋出，即实现了第一拱形刀片10a可拆卸地设置在第一杆11a上，在其他实施方式中，还可以采用例如卡接的方式来实现将第一拱形刀片10a可拆卸地设置在第一杆11a上；同样，第二杆11b上开设有多个螺纹孔，第二拱形刀片10b上开设有与螺纹孔对应的定位通孔，紧固螺丝穿过定位通孔旋入到螺纹孔中，从而将第二拱形刀片10b固定在第二杆11b上，当需要将第二拱形刀片10b从第二杆11b上拆卸下来时，只需将紧固螺丝从螺纹孔中旋出，即实现了第二拱形刀片10b可拆卸地设置在第二杆11b上，在其他实施方式中，还可以采用例如卡接的方式来实现将第二拱形刀片10b可拆卸地设置在第二杆11b上。由于不同品种的大蒜的根蒂13c向内凹陷的弧度和大小不一样，这样，可以根据不同品种的根蒂13c，来更换与该根蒂13c的凹陷的弧度和大小相匹配的拱形刀片，这样在进行剪切根蒂13c时，可以尽可能地沿着根蒂13c的外形进行剪切，在去除根蒂13c的同时，最大程度地减少了蒜肉的损失，使得本设备可以对不同品种的大蒜进行根蒂13c去除做业。
在其他实施方式中，刀具以及刀具驱动装置的具体结构还可以采用例如：设置一个与第二开口平齐的平切刀，在平切刀的末端连接伸缩气缸，通过伸缩气缸来驱动平切刀切割漏出在第二开口中的根蒂，等其他方式来实现。
以上所述的仅是本发明的一些实施方式。对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明创造构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进，这些都属于本发明的保护范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 大蒜根部自动化处理设备，其特征在于，包括：
    具有蒜梗夹持部(1)的蒜梗夹持装置；
    具有蒜头阻挡部(3)的蒜头拦挡装置；以及
    用于驱动所述蒜梗夹持装置和所述蒜头拦挡装置的第一驱动装置(12)；
    其中，所述蒜梗夹持部(1)与所述蒜头阻挡部(3)设置成对齐，所述第一驱动装置(12)设置成驱动所述蒜梗夹持装置和所述蒜头拦挡装置之间产生相对位移，以使得所述蒜梗夹持部(1)与所述蒜头阻挡部(3)靠拢或分离。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的大蒜根部自动化处理设备，其特征在于，所述蒜梗夹持部(1)包括：
    第一夹持板(1a)，所述第一夹持板(1a)具有第一缺口(1b)；和
    第二夹持板(1c)，所述第一夹持板(1a)与所述第二夹持板(1c)平行设置且具有高度差，第二夹持板(1c)具有第二缺口(1d)，所述第二缺口(1d)的朝向与所述第一缺口(1b)的朝向设置成相向地朝向；
    所述蒜梗夹持装置包括用于驱动所述第一夹持板(1a)和所述第二夹持板(1c)的第二驱动装置(2)，所述第二驱动装置(2)驱动第一夹持板(1a)和第二夹持板(1c)相对移动。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的大蒜根部自动化处理设备，其特征在于，所述蒜头阻挡部(3)设置成具有用于卡住蒜头的第一开口(3e)，且所述蒜头阻挡部(3)包括：
    第一挡板(3a)，所述第一挡板(3a)具有第三缺口(3b)；和
    第二挡板(3c)，所述第二挡板(3c)具有第四缺口(3d)，所述第四缺口(3d)的朝向与所述第三缺口(3b)的朝向设置成相向地朝向；
    所述蒜头拦挡装置包括所述第二驱动装置(2)，第二驱动装置(2)还用于驱动所述第一挡板(3a)和所述第二挡板(3c)相对移动，并设置成当驱动第一挡板(3a)和第二挡板(3c)相向靠拢时，使得所述第三缺口(3b)与所述第四缺口(3d)合拢形成所述第一开口(3e)。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的大蒜根部自动化处理设备，其特征在于，
    所述第一挡板(3a)和所述第二挡板(3c)平行设置且具有高度差，所述第一缺口(1b)、第二缺口(1d)、第三缺口(3b)和第四缺口(3d)均设置成由内向外逐渐扩大。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的大蒜根部自动化处理设备，其特征在于，所述第二驱动装置(2)包括：
    第一齿条(2b)；
    第二齿条(2d)，所述第二齿条(2d)与所述第一齿条(2b)平行，且第一齿条(2b)的齿部与第二齿条(2d)的齿部相向地朝向；
    第一中继齿轮(2e)，所述第一中继齿轮(2e)的中心轴枢转地设置于所述第二齿条(2d)与所述第一齿条(2b)之间，第一中继齿轮(2e)分别与第一齿条(2b)和第二齿条(2d)啮合；
    设于所述第一齿条(2b)上的第一承载架(2a)，所述第一夹持板(1a)和所述第一挡板(3a)依次由上而下设置在所述第一承载架(2a)上，所述第一缺口(1b)与所述第三缺口(3b)对齐；
    设于所述第二齿条(2d)上的第二承载架(2c)，所述第二夹持板(1c)和所述第二挡板(3c)依次由上而下设置在所述第二承载架(2c)上，所述第二缺口(1d)与所述第四缺口(3d)对齐；
    与所述第一齿条(2b)和所述第二齿条(2d)平行设置的第一导轨(2f)，所述第一承载架(2a)和所述第二承载架(2c)分别滑动地设置在第一导轨(2f)上；以及
    与所述第一齿条(2b)联动设置的第一动力装置(2g)。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的大蒜根部自动化处理设备，其特征在于，所述第一夹持板(1a)沿着指向或背向所述第一挡板(3a)的方向上滑动地设置在所述第一承载架(2a)上；所述第二夹持板(1c)沿着指向或背向所述第二挡板(3c)的方向上滑动地设置在所述第二承载架(2c)上；
    所述第一驱动装置(12)包括：第二动力装置(12a)，所述第一夹持板(1a)和所述第二夹持板(1c)均与所述第二动力装置(12a)联动设置，第二动力装置(12a)驱动所述第一夹持板(1a)和所述第二夹持板(1c)同时朝向或背离所述第一挡板(3a)和所述第二挡板(3c)移动。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的大蒜根部自动化处理设备，其特征在于，还包括：
    第一升降装置(4)，所述第一升降装置(4)与所述第一导轨(2f)联动设置；
    传送带(5)，所述传送带(5)上均匀排布有多个间隔空间(5a)，传送带(5)包括水平设置的水平部(5c)和相对于所述水平部(5c)向下倾斜的倾斜部(5d)；
    用于驱动所述传送带(5)运转的传送带驱动装置(5e)；
    大蒜容器(5f)，所述倾斜部(5d)伸入到所述大蒜容器(5f)内；以及
    控制装置，所述控制装置用于控制所述传送带驱动装置(5e)的进给量，并根据传送带驱动装置(5e)的进给量控制所述第一升降装置(4)升起或下降。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的大蒜根部自动化处理设备，其特征在于，还包括：
    移动机构，所述蒜梗夹持装置和所述蒜头拦挡装置均设置在所述移动机构上，移动机构载动蒜梗夹持装置和蒜头拦挡装置进行移动；
    蒜头固定装置(6)，所述蒜头固定装置(6)包括：
    第一夹持元件(6a)，所述第一夹持元件(6a)上具有第五缺口(6b)和第一斜面(6c)，
    与所述第一夹持元件(6a)相对设置的第二夹持元件(6e)，所述第二夹持元件(6e)上具有与所述第五缺口(6b)相对设置的第六缺口(6f)和第二斜面(6g)，所述第一斜面(6c)由所述第五缺口(6b)开始向远离第二夹持元件(6e)的方向进行倾斜延展，所述第二斜面(6g)由所述第六缺口(6f)开始向远离第一夹持元件(6a)的方向进行倾斜延展；以及
    用于驱动所述第一夹持元件(6a)和所述第二夹持元件(6e)靠拢或分离的夹持驱动装置(7)；
    其中，所述控制装置还用于控制所述移动机构的行程，并根据移动机构的行程位置通过控制所述夹持驱动装置(7)来控制所述第一夹持元件(6a)和所述第二夹持元件(6e)靠拢或分离。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的大蒜根部自动化处理设备，其特征在于，还包括：
    第二升降装置(8)，所述第二升降装置(8)与所述蒜头固定装置(6)联动设置，以带动蒜头固定装置(6)升降运动；
    设置于所述蒜头固定装置(6)下方的蒜头放置装置(9)，所述蒜头放置装置(9)具有第二开口(9a)，当所述第一夹持元件(6a)和所述第二夹持元件(6e)处于靠拢状态时，所述第二开口(9a)与所述第五缺口(6b)和所述第六缺口(6f)所围合形成的夹持空间对齐；
    设于所述第二开口(9a)下方的刀具(10)；以及
    用于驱动所述刀具(10)进行切割动作的刀具驱动装置(11)；
    其中，所述控制装置还用于控制所述第二升降装置(8)的行程，并根据所述第二升降装置(8)的行程位置控制所述刀具驱动装置(11)进行驱动。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的大蒜根部自动化处理设备，其特征在于，
    所述刀具(10)包括：第一拱形刀片(10a)和与所述第一拱形刀片(10a) 相对设置的第二拱形刀片(10b)；
    所述刀具驱动装置(11)包括：
    用于承载所述第一拱形刀片(10a)的第一杆(11a)，
    用于承载所述第二拱形刀片(10b)的第二杆(11b)，所述第一杆(11a)与所述第二杆(11b)铰接设置，以及
    与所述第一杆(11a)和第二杆(11b)联动设置的第三动力装置(11c)，以驱动所述第一杆(11a)和所述第二杆(11b)围绕铰接点转动；
    所述控制装置用于控制所述第三动力装置进行驱动动作。
PCT/CN2018/107545 2018-08-20 2018-09-26 大蒜根部自动化处理设备 WO2020037765A1 (zh)

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