WO2020034620A1

WO2020034620A1 - Supply chain prepayment financing method based on block chain of internet of things

Info

Publication number: WO2020034620A1
Application number: PCT/CN2019/076668
Authority: WO
Inventors: 马胜蓝; 陶然; 谢方恺; 曾代才; 伊瑞华; 周楚; 程舒晗; 王皓; 王桐森
Original assignee: 福建省农村信用社联合社
Priority date: 2018-08-13
Filing date: 2019-03-01
Publication date: 2020-02-20
Also published as: CN108694551A

Abstract

The present invention provides a supply chain prepayment financing method based on a block chain of the Internet of things. The method comprises: designing an intelligent logistics management and control system, acquiring the whole process management and control information of goods from container loading, transportation to container unloading by a sensor, and saving the sensing data to the block chain in real time as the basis of goods value preservation; and by combining a conventional bank clearing network and a block chain financial network to deposit and pay deposits, performing clearing and depositing and paying by using batch payment of money for goods and batch right of taking delivery of goods. The present invention designs a supply chain prepayment financing method based on the Internet of things and a block chain technique, so that the issue of trust among multi-agency bodies is effectively solved, and the payment problem of four parties of purchasing, selling, goods, and bank under a heterogeneous network is solved; and the method is suitable for the safe transportation of goods of various enterprises, implements the real-time acquisition and trustworthy saving of data in a transmission process, guarantees the value preservation of the goods transportation, reduces the risks of the bank, effectively alleviates the short-term capital pressure brought by the full-amount purchase, and implements the multi-win purpose.

Description

Financing method of supply chain prepayment account based on internet of things blockchain

Technical field

The present invention relates to the technical field of financing management, and in particular, to a method for financing advance payment of a supply chain based on the Internet of Things blockchain.

Background technique

Supply chain finance is a financing model in which banks link core companies with upstream and downstream companies to provide flexible financial products and services. Generally speaking, the supply chain of a specific commodity includes the entire process from the procurement of raw materials to the manufacture of intermediate and final products, and finally the products are delivered to consumers by the sales network, bringing suppliers, manufacturers, distributors, and retailers Until the end user is connected as a whole. The difference between supply chain finance and traditional finance is mainly reflected in the control of risk and the flexibility of credit granting. Traditional finance focuses on the enterprise and the business itself in isolation. In supply chain finance, commercial banks focus on core enterprises in the supply chain according to industrial characteristics. Comprehensive financial services provided to core companies and their upstream and downstream related companies based on the transaction process.

Adopting a supply chain financing business model based on prepaid account financing can delay the "cash payment" time as much as possible, thereby reducing the cash flow gap. From the perspective of risk control, the guarantee basis for advance payment financing is the customer's right to take delivery of the supplier to the supplier under the prepayment, or in-transit inventory and inventory inventory formed through the delivery, transportation and other links after the realization of the delivery right. In the case of financing with the right of delivery, such as guarantee delivery (or confirmed position), it means that the customer pays an advance payment to the upstream through bank financing. After the upstream has received the delivery, the delivery order is issued, and the customer then pledges the delivery order to the bank. After that, the customer takes delivery of the goods in multiples to the bank. For some companies with very good sales conditions, inventory materials are often very small, so the main demand for financing arises from waiting for upstream production and the transit cycle of goods. In this case, if the buyer carries the shipment, the bank will generally designate a neutral logistics company to control the logistics link, and form a pledge of in-transit inventory; if the seller carries the shipment, the delivery right is still pledged. After the goods reach the buyer, the customer can apply to the bank for renewal of inventory financing in the warehouse. In this way, prepayment financing becomes the "bridge" link of inventory financing. The loan purpose of traditional liquidity loans can also be designated for prepayment, and in a broad sense, prepayment financing includes the bank's credit payment to customers' purchasing activities, such as the issuance of letters of credit. In both cases, however, banks generally require credit applicants to provide pledges or guarantees over real estate to cover exposure. Obviously this is different from the concept of advance financing in supply chain financing. In the advance payment financing of supply chain financing, the guarantee support for financing is precisely the trade acquisition under financing, so the asset support requirements for customer financing have been simplified to the maximum. The payment period for small and medium-sized enterprises that are downstream of the supply chain from large upstream enterprises is often short, and sometimes they need to prepay the upstream enterprises. For small and medium-sized enterprises that have difficulty in short-term capital flow, they can use the prepaid account financing model to finance a special prepaid account to obtain short-term credit support from financial institutions.

At present, there are many researches on the supply chain system. For example, the existing Chinese patent application number CN201710385628.1 provides a front-end system for tracking and displaying supply chain transactions; the existing Chinese patent application number CN201710404685.X is built using SAAS services. Supplier selection and screening functions; and the existing Chinese patent application number CN201710419193.8 provides a complete system from customer information management, financial management and warehousing management. Due to the strong liquidity of raw materials, finished products and other movable properties and the provisions of China's laws on the effective conditions of collateral, financial institutions face great challenges in logistics tracking, warehousing supervision, pledge procedures, price monitoring and even liquidation. This brings huge risks to financial institution loans. Therefore, traditional supply chain finance has to solve two types of problems:

1. In the transportation process of logistics enterprises, the preservation and value preservation of items cannot be ensured, and there is a lack of a fair identification method for items lost, damaged and reduced in value during the transportation process; this is not mentioned in the current research.

2. After the purchaser has obtained the right to take delivery of the goods, it is necessary to make automatic payment of funds when obtaining the goods. At this time, it is difficult for the logistics, bank, and enterprise to maintain consistency on whether to withdraw the goods or the quantity of the goods (lost goods, dropped packages, etc.). Although the existing Chinese patent application number CN201710659646.4 proposes the combination of logistics finance and banking finance, the Ethereum blockchain smart contract platform is used as the underlying structure to build the production side, logistics enterprise side, Logistics platform + bank chain and client application platform, but companies often become a blind spot, unable to control the buyer's deposit and the number and quantity of goods withdrawal, which will cause greater risks to the bank; at the same time, the patent It does not solve the problem of payment from the actual bank clearing network to the blockchain financial network.

Summary of the Invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for financing advance payment of supply chains based on the Internet of Things blockchain, which solves the problem of trust between multi-party institutions and realizes the payment of Quartet for purchasing and selling Quartet in heterogeneous networks .

The present invention is realized as follows: A method for financing a prepayment account of a supply chain based on the Internet of Things blockchain includes:

Step 1. Design an intelligent logistics management and control system, collect the control information of the whole process of the goods from the inbox, transport to the out of the box through sensors, and save the sensing data to the blockchain in real time as the basis for the value preservation of the goods;

Step 2. Combine the traditional bank clearing network and the blockchain financial network for margin deposit and payment, and use the payment in batches and the right to take delivery in batches for settlement and deposit.

Further, the intelligent logistics management and control system is responsible for the security management of in-box, transport and out-box;

The intelligent logistics management and control system includes a container for loading cargo. The container is equipped with a GPS, an RFID card reader, a 4G enhanced antenna, a camera, an on-board computer, an RFID chip-embedded cargo, and a sensor for the car-controlled cargo environment;

The goods are installed with RFID before being put into the container, and after being put into the container, the goods information is read by the on-board computer through the RFID, displayed on the on-board display, and the goods' information is written into the blockchain;

The sensor includes a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, and a smoke sensor. The cargo is not allowed to be opened during the transportation process. GPS is used to collect the transportation process data of the container, which is stored in the blockchain together with the sensor detection data in real time, and is connected through the 4G network. Incoming cameras allow buyers, sellers, banks and logistics parties to view the inside of the goods in real time;

Alert the goods that the RFID card reader in the car cannot get a specific RFID, and write the data into the blockchain;

After the goods arrive at the warehouse, they are not unpacked. The sellers read the monitoring data in the blockchain. After meeting the preset security conditions, they write warehouse receipts with the logistics company, and the banking system obtains the goods. After the warehouse receipt provided by the buyer, the monitoring data in the blockchain is read, and after meeting the preset security conditions, the buyer's loan account is formed, and the loan amount is converted into digital equity, which is issued to the seller's digital equity account in.

Further, the blockchain is provided with a blockchain smart ledger, and the smart ledger includes:

Purchase and sales contracts, used to credibly confirm the purchase agreement between the two parties;

Repurchase and quality assurance agreements, used for quality assurance of banks and sellers, as a preset security value standard for data collected by sensors in intelligent logistics management and control systems;

Warehousing supervision agreement, used for intelligent logistics management and control, unpacking and delivery agreement of banks and logistics companies;

The sensor data is used to store the data during the transportation process collected by intelligent logistics control, and this data cannot be tampered with, which is the basis for the bank to pay the loan;

The seller's electronic equity account is used to collect the bank's disbursement loan;

The buyer's electronic equity account is used to pay the deposit and the change in the deposit when the right to pick up the goods changes;

The right to take delivery of goods is consistent with the buyer's electronic equity account. When the security deposit is fully frozen, the buyer's electronic equity account is 0 and the cargo delivery right is 0.

Further, the step 2 further includes:

Step 201: The purchaser and the seller sign a sales order and negotiate to apply for a loan from the purchaser, which is specifically used to pay the purchase price;

Step 202: The purchaser applies for a warehouse receipt pledge loan from the bank based on the purchase and sale contract, which is specifically used to pay the seller for the transaction; the bank establishes corresponding areas on the blockchain for the purchaser and the seller. Blockchain account, and write the purchase contract into the blockchain;

Step 203: The bank reviews the credit status and repurchase capabilities of the seller, and if the review passes, signs a repurchase and quality assurance agreement with the seller, and writes the repurchase and quality assurance agreement into the blockchain;

Step 204: The bank signs a warehouse supervision agreement with a logistics enterprise having an intelligent logistics management and control system, and the warehouse supervision agreement is written into the blockchain;

Step 205: After the seller has obtained the repurchase and quality assurance agreement in the blockchain, read the warehousing supervision agreement, and the logistics company will carry out the delivery;

Step 206: The intelligent logistics management and control system of the logistics enterprise does not open the box during transportation, and saves the collected sensor data to the blockchain;

Step 207: After the goods are delivered to the warehouse, the seller sells the obtained warehouse receipt to the bank;

Step 208: After receiving the warehouse receipt, the bank reviews the sensor data in the blockchain. For data that meets the preset security value range, it initiates a payment to the seller in the blockchain;

Step 209: The purchaser opens a margin account with the bank and uses the clearing network to deposit the deposit. The bank converts the margin finance into digital rights and saves it in the blockchain. The bank releases the corresponding proportion of the right to take delivery of the goods to the blockchain. Provided to purchaser;

Step 210: The logistics company obtains the right to take delivery of the goods in the blockchain, and it is clear that the corresponding amount of goods can be released to the purchaser;

Step 211: The purchaser obtains the right to take delivery of the goods, goes to the warehouse to pick up the corresponding amount of goods, and writes it into the blockchain by the logistics enterprise system. Then the digital equity of the deposit is reduced accordingly, and the bank simultaneously freezes the corresponding proportion in the deposit account. Amount; continue to go bad until the margin account is completely frozen and the purchaser has finished withdrawing the goods;

Step 212: The bank initiates a blockchain consensus, and the repurchase and quality assurance agreements related to this financing activity are cancelled accordingly.

Further, the "liquidation and deposit payment using batch payment and batch delivery rights" specifically include:

Open a margin digital equity account, and the purchaser opens a margin account with the bank and transfers it to the account through the clearing network; the bank then converts the corresponding amount into the corresponding digital equity and updates it into the blockchain;

The purchaser enters the warehouse to pick up the goods. After clarifying the value of the goods each time, the logistics company reads the right to pick up the goods in the corresponding blockchain, and judges the value of the extracted goods and the size of the right to pick up the goods:

(1) If the value of the extracted goods is greater than the right to take delivery of the goods, it will be rejected;

(2) If the value of the extracted goods is less than the right to take delivery of the goods, then update the right to take delivery of the goods in the blockchain = the right to take delivery of the goods-this time to extract the value of the goods, trigger the smart contract at the same time, reduce digital rights = digital rights-the goods The value corresponds to the proportion of digital equity; then the bank freezes the amount of the margin account by reading the value of the digital equity in the blockchain;

(3) If the value of the extracted goods equals the right to take delivery of the goods, update the right to take delivery of the goods in the blockchain = the right to take delivery of the goods-the value of the withdrawal of the goods this time, and trigger a smart contract to reduce digital rights = digital rights-the value of the goods Corresponds to the proportion of digital equity; afterwards, the bank freezes the amount of the margin account by reading the value of the digital equity in the blockchain; at this time, the digital equity is 0 and the margin is fully frozen. The bank sets up the repurchase and quality assurance agreement in the blockchain. Is logged out.

The invention has the following advantages:

1. Designed a supply chain prepayment account financing method based on the Internet of Things and blockchain technology, which effectively solved the problem of trust between multi-party institutions and realized the payment of Quartet for purchase and sale of Quartet in heterogeneous networks;

2. The designed intelligent logistics management and control system can be suitable for the safe transportation of goods of various enterprises;

3. Based on the sensor design, real-time data collection and credible storage during the transmission process are realized, the value preservation of cargo transportation is guaranteed, and the risk of the bank is reduced;

4. The prepaid account financing model realizes the leveraged procurement of SMEs and the bulk sales of core large enterprises. The SMEs obtain the right to pay the goods in batches and take delivery in batches through the prepaid account financing business. Amount of payment, thereby providing financing convenience for small and medium-sized enterprises (buyers) at the nodes of the supply chain, effectively alleviating the short-term funding pressure caused by full purchases. In addition, for financial institutions, the prepaid account financing model is based on the premise of repurchase by core large enterprises in the upstream of the supply chain. The core enterprises assume joint guarantee responsibility for SME financing, and financial institutions designate intelligent logistics management and control systems. The stated warehouse receipts of the warehouse are pledged, which greatly reduces the credit risk of financial institutions, and also brings benefits to financial institutions, achieving a win-win purpose.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The present invention will be further described below with reference to the drawings and embodiments.

FIG. 1 is a flowchart of execution of a method of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the interior of the on-board cargo container of the present invention.

detailed description

As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, a method for financing a prepayment account of a supply chain based on the Internet of Things blockchain of the present invention includes:

Step 1. Design an intelligent logistics management and control system, collect the control information of the whole process of the goods from the inbox, transport to the out of the box through sensors, and save the sensing data to the blockchain in real time as the basis for the value preservation of the goods

Step 2. Combining the traditional bank clearing network and the blockchain financial network for margin deposit and payment, and adopting the payment in batches and the right to take delivery in batches for settlement and deposit.

Preferably, the intelligent logistics management and control system is responsible for the security management of in-box, transport and out-box;

Preferably, the blockchain is provided with a blockchain smart ledger, and the smart ledger includes:

Preferably, the step 2 further includes:

Preferably, the "liquidation and deposit payment using batch payment and delivery rights" specifically include:

The following further describes the present invention in combination with a specific embodiment:

A method for financing a prepayment account of a supply chain based on the Internet of Things blockchain of the present invention mainly includes:

1. Designed a supply chain prepayment financing method for the Internet of Things and blockchain technology;

2. Designed an intelligent logistics management and control system, which uses sensors to collect the entire process of cargo control information from loading, transportation, and unloading, and saves the sensing data to the blockchain as the basis for the value preservation of the goods;

3. Design a margin deposit and payment process that combines the traditional bank clearing network and the blockchain financial network.

These include:

(1) Set up a blockchain smart ledger

The smart ledger holds:

1. Purchase and sales contracts, used to credibly confirm the purchase agreement between the two parties;

2. Repurchase and quality assurance agreements, used for quality assurance of banks and sellers, as a preset security value standard for data collected by sensors in intelligent logistics management and control systems;

3. Warehousing supervision agreement, used for intelligent logistics management and control, unpacking and delivery agreement of banks and logistics enterprises;

4. The sensor data is used for the data collected during the transportation process collected by intelligent logistics control, and this data cannot be tampered with, which is the basis for the bank to pay the loan;

5. The seller's electronic equity account is used to collect the bank's disbursement loan;

6. The buyer's electronic equity account is used to pay security deposits, and changes in security deposits when the right to take delivery changes;

7. The right to take delivery of goods is consistent with the buyer's electronic rights account. When the security deposit is completely frozen, the buyer's electronic rights account is 0, and the right to take delivery of goods is 0.

(2) The method of financing the advance payment of the supply chain, including the following processes:

1. The purchaser and the seller sign a sales contract, and negotiate with the purchaser to apply for a loan, which is used to pay the purchase price;

2. The purchaser applies to the bank for a warehouse receipt pledge loan based on the purchase and sale contract, which is specifically used to pay the seller for the transaction; the bank has established corresponding blocks on the blockchain for the purchaser and the seller. Chain account, and write the purchase contract agreement A into the blockchain;

3. The bank reviews the credit status and repurchase ability of the seller, and if the review is passed, it signs a repurchase and quality assurance agreement with the seller, and writes the agreement B into the blockchain;

4. The bank signs a warehouse supervision agreement with a logistics company with an intelligent logistics management and control system, and writes the agreement C into the blockchain;

5. After the seller has obtained the agreement B in the blockchain, read the agreement C, and the logistics company will transport and ship the goods;

6. The intelligent logistics management and control system of logistics enterprises will not open the box during transportation, and save the collected sensor data to the blockchain;

7. After the goods are delivered to the warehouse, the seller will deliver the warehouse receipts to the bank;

8. After receiving the warehouse receipt, the bank reviews the sensor data in the blockchain. For data that meets the preset security value range, it initiates a payment to the seller in the blockchain;

9. The purchaser opens a margin account with the bank and uses the clearing network to deposit the deposit. The bank converts the margin finance into digital rights and saves it in the blockchain. The bank releases the corresponding proportion of R's cargo pickup right and writes it into the blockchain. Provided to purchaser;

10. The logistics company obtains the right to take delivery of the goods in the blockchain, and it is clear that it can release the corresponding amount of goods to the buyer;

11. The purchaser obtains the right to pick up the goods, goes to the warehouse to pick up the corresponding amount of goods, and writes it into the blockchain by the logistics enterprise system, the digital equity of the deposit is reduced accordingly, and the bank simultaneously freezes the ratio R in the deposit account (of which , R = (the value of the extracted goods / the total value of the goods) * the amount of margin); continue to go bad until the margin account is completely frozen, the buyer has finished withdrawing the goods.

12. The bank initiated the blockchain consensus and cancelled the repurchase and quality assurance agreement B related to this financing activity accordingly.

(3) Intelligent logistics management and control system

The intelligent logistics management and control system, as a trusted transport computing system for logistics companies contracted by banks, mainly implements security management of inbound, outbound, and outbound shipping.

For cargo containers, GPS, RFID card readers, 4G enhanced antennas, cameras, on-board computers, sensors with RFID chips and car-controlled cargo environment sensors, GPS, RFID card readers, 4G enhanced antennas, Both the camera and the on-board display are connected to the on-board computer. The sensors that control the cargo environment of the vehicle can provide control basis for the controller that controls the cargo environment, such as controlling humidifiers and warmers based on sensor data.

1. Goods in the box

For the goods to be put into the box, first install RFID. After putting them into the container, the on-board computer reads the cargo information through RFID. After displaying the information on the on-board display, after confirming that the information about the goods being transported is correct, the on-board computer will turn on full monitoring. Write the cargo inbox information into the blockchain.

2. Transportation process

The cargo enters the transportation process, and the cargo container is not allowed to be opened under normal conditions. Various sensors are installed in the car to monitor specific cargo, including but not limited to temperature, humidity and smoke sensors. At the same time, the transportation process data of the container is collected by GPS, and stored in the blockchain together with the sensor detection data in real time. The camera connected through the 4G network allows buyers, sellers, banks and logistics parties to view the internal situation of the goods in real time.

For abnormal goods leaving the container, that is, if the RFID reader in the car cannot obtain the specific RFID of the goods, an alarm will be issued, such as remote alarm (via mobile phone text message, etc.) and in-car alarm, so that the buyer, seller, Logistics and banks can know the first time and write data into the blockchain.

3. The goods arrive at the warehouse

After the goods arrive at the warehouse, they are not unpacked. The sellers read the monitoring data such as sensors and locations in the blockchain. After meeting preset security conditions, they sign warehouse receipts with the logistics company. After obtaining the warehouse receipt provided by the seller, the banking system reads the monitoring data such as sensors and location in the blockchain, and after meeting the preset security conditions, forms a buyer's loan account and converts the loan amount into digital equity. , Issued to the digital equity account of the seller.

(3) Deposit and payment process

1. Open a margin digital equity account. The purchaser opens a margin account with the bank and transfers it to the account through the clearing network; the bank then converts the corresponding amount into the corresponding digital equity and updates it into the blockchain;

2. The purchaser enters the warehouse to pick up the goods. After clarifying the value of the goods each time, the logistics company reads the right to take delivery of the goods in the corresponding blockchain, and judges the value of the extracted goods and the right to take delivery of the goods:

The present invention effectively solves the problem of trust between multi-party institutions by designing a method for financing advance payment of supply chains based on the Internet of Things and blockchain technology, and realizes the payment of Quartet for purchasing and selling Quartet in heterogeneous networks; by designing intelligent logistics The management and control system can be suitable for the safe transportation of goods from a variety of enterprises. The sensor Internet of Things method is used to collect and control the entire process of the goods from the box to the box in real time. The collected data is saved to the blockchain in real time as the goods. The uniqueness and non-tamperable characteristics of its own transport process data serve as the basis for the preservation of goods and reduce the risk of the bank; the use of prepayment financing mode has realized the leveraged procurement of SMEs and the bulk sales of core large enterprises. The prepayment account financing business obtains the right to pay the goods in batches and take delivery in batches. It does not have to pay the full payment at one time, thereby providing financing facilities for small and medium-sized enterprises on the supply chain nodes and effectively alleviating the settlement of full purchases. Short-term funding pressure caused by cargo. In addition, for financial institutions, the prepaid account financing model is based on the premise of repurchase by core large enterprises in the upstream of the supply chain. The core enterprises assume joint guarantee responsibility for SME financing, and financial institutions designate intelligent logistics management and control systems. The stated warehouse receipts of the warehouse are pledged, which greatly reduces the credit risk of financial institutions, and also brings benefits to financial institutions, achieving a win-win purpose.

Although the specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above, those skilled in the art should understand that the specific embodiments we describe are only illustrative, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Equivalent modifications and changes made by a skilled person in accordance with the spirit of the present invention should be covered by the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

A method for financing advance payment of a supply chain based on the Internet of Things blockchain is characterized by:

Step 1. Design an intelligent logistics management and control system, collect the control information of the whole process of the goods from the inbox, transport to the out of the box through sensors, and save the sensing data to the blockchain in real time as the basis for the value preservation of the goods;

Step 2. Combine the traditional bank clearing network and the blockchain financial network for margin deposit and payment, and use the payment in batches and the right to take delivery in batches for settlement and deposit.
The method for financing prepayments in a supply chain based on the Internet of Things blockchain according to claim 1, wherein the intelligent logistics management and control system is responsible for the security management of in-box, transport and out-box;

The intelligent logistics management and control system includes a container for loading cargo. The container is equipped with a GPS, an RFID card reader, a 4G enhanced antenna, a camera, an on-board computer, an RFID chip-embedded cargo, and a sensor for the car-controlled cargo environment;

The goods are installed with RFID before being put into the container, and after being put into the container, the goods information is read by the on-board computer through the RFID, displayed on the on-board display, and the goods' information is written into the blockchain;

The sensor includes a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, and a smoke sensor. The cargo is not allowed to be opened during the transportation process. GPS is used to collect the transportation process data of the container, which is stored in the blockchain together with the sensor detection data in real time, and is connected through the 4G network. Incoming cameras allow buyers, sellers, banks and logistics parties to view the inside of the goods in real time;

Alert the goods that the RFID card reader in the car cannot get a specific RFID, and write the data into the blockchain;

After the goods arrive at the warehouse, they are not unpacked. The sellers read the monitoring data in the blockchain. After meeting the preset security conditions, they write warehouse receipts with the logistics company, and the banking system obtains the goods. After the warehouse receipt provided by the buyer, the monitoring data in the blockchain is read, and after meeting the preset security conditions, the buyer's loan account is formed, and the loan amount is converted into digital equity, which is issued to the seller's digital equity account in.
The method for financing a prepayment account of a supply chain based on the IoT blockchain according to claim 1, wherein the blockchain is provided with a blockchain smart ledger, and the smart ledger comprises:

Purchase and sales contracts, used to credibly confirm the purchase agreement between the two parties;

Repurchase and quality assurance agreements, used for quality assurance of banks and sellers, as a preset security value standard for data collected by sensors in intelligent logistics management and control systems;

Warehousing supervision agreement, used for intelligent logistics management and control, unpacking and delivery agreement of banks and logistics companies;

The sensor data is used to store the data during the transportation process collected by intelligent logistics control, and this data cannot be tampered with, which is the basis for the bank to pay the loan;

The seller's electronic equity account is used to collect the bank's disbursement loan;

The buyer's electronic equity account is used to pay the deposit and the change in the deposit when the right to pick up the goods changes;

The right to take delivery of goods is consistent with the buyer's electronic equity account. When the security deposit is fully frozen, the buyer's electronic equity account is 0 and the cargo delivery right is 0.
The method for financing prepayments of a supply chain based on the IoT blockchain according to claim 1, wherein the step 2 further comprises:

Step 201: The purchaser and the seller sign a sales order and negotiate to apply for a loan from the purchaser, which is specifically used to pay the purchase price;

Step 202: The purchaser applies for a warehouse receipt pledge loan from the bank based on the purchase and sale contract, which is specifically used to pay the seller for the transaction; the bank establishes corresponding areas on the blockchain for the purchaser and the seller. Blockchain account, and write the purchase contract into the blockchain;

Step 203: The bank reviews the credit status and repurchase capabilities of the seller, and if the review passes, signs a repurchase and quality assurance agreement with the seller, and writes the repurchase and quality assurance agreement into the blockchain;

Step 204: The bank signs a warehouse supervision agreement with a logistics enterprise having an intelligent logistics management and control system, and the warehouse supervision agreement is written into the blockchain;

Step 205: After the seller has obtained the repurchase and quality assurance agreement in the blockchain, read the warehousing supervision agreement, and the logistics company will carry out the delivery;

Step 206: The intelligent logistics management and control system of the logistics enterprise does not open the box during transportation, and saves the collected sensor data to the blockchain;

Step 207: After the goods are delivered to the warehouse, the seller sells the obtained warehouse receipt to the bank;

Step 208: After receiving the warehouse receipt, the bank reviews the sensor data in the blockchain. For data that meets the preset security value range, it initiates a payment to the seller in the blockchain;

Step 209: The purchaser opens a margin account with the bank and uses the clearing network to deposit the deposit. The bank converts the margin finance into digital rights and saves it in the blockchain. The bank releases the corresponding proportion of the right to take delivery of the goods to the blockchain. Provided to purchaser;

Step 210: The logistics company obtains the right to take delivery of the goods in the blockchain, and it is clear that the corresponding amount of goods can be released to the purchaser;

Step 211: The purchaser obtains the right to take delivery of the goods, goes to the warehouse to pick up the corresponding amount of goods, and writes it into the blockchain by the logistics enterprise system. Then the digital equity of the deposit is reduced accordingly, and the bank simultaneously freezes the corresponding proportion in the deposit account. Amount; continue to go bad until the margin account is completely frozen and the purchaser has finished withdrawing the goods;

Step 212: The bank initiates a blockchain consensus, and the repurchase and quality assurance agreements related to this financing activity are cancelled accordingly.
The method for financing prepayments in a supply chain based on the Internet of Things blockchain according to claim 1, characterized in that the "clearing and deposit by using payment in batches and delivery rights in batches" specifically include :

Open a margin digital equity account, and the purchaser opens a margin account with the bank and transfers it to the account through the clearing network; the bank then converts the corresponding amount into the corresponding digital equity and updates it into the blockchain;

The purchaser enters the warehouse to pick up the goods. After clarifying the value of the goods each time, the logistics company reads the right to pick up the goods in the corresponding blockchain, and judges the value of the extracted goods and the size of the right to pick up the goods:

(1) If the value of the extracted goods is greater than the right to take delivery of the goods, it will be rejected;

(2) If the value of the extracted goods is less than the right to take delivery of the goods, then update the right to take delivery of the goods in the blockchain = the right to take delivery of the goods-this time to extract the value of the goods, trigger the smart contract at the same time, reduce digital rights = digital rights-the goods The value corresponds to the proportion of digital equity; then the bank freezes the amount of the margin account by reading the value of the digital equity in the blockchain;

(3) If the value of the extracted goods equals the right to take delivery of the goods, update the right to take delivery of the goods in the blockchain = the right to take delivery of the goods-the value of the withdrawal of the goods this time, and trigger a smart contract to reduce digital rights = digital rights-the value of the goods Corresponds to the proportion of digital equity; afterwards, the bank freezes the amount of the margin account by reading the value of the digital equity in the blockchain; at this time, the digital equity is 0 and the margin is fully frozen. The bank sets up the repurchase and quality assurance agreement in the blockchain. Is logged out.