CN112862475A - Block chain-based order financing method and system, equipment and storage medium - Google Patents
Block chain-based order financing method and system, equipment and storage medium Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an order financing method, an order financing system, an order financing device and a storage medium based on a block chain. The block chain provides a bookkeeping and transaction processing system, so that manpower, material, financial resources, time and cost are saved, and the whole supply chain enterprise order financing process is quicker, safer and more intelligent. Accurate transaction information of all participating main bodies is linked up, so that the whole transaction process is transparent and convenient to monitor. In addition, by applying the technology of combining the block chain and the private data, data sharing is improved, data islands are avoided, the trust of lending parties is increased, meanwhile, the sensitive data of each node can be protected, and meanwhile, the sensitive data can be controllably shared, so that each enterprise can obtain the transaction conditions which best meet transaction parties as far as possible according to different transaction objects.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of order financing technologies, and in particular, to an order financing method and system based on a block chain, a device, and a computer-readable storage medium.
Background
The supply chain refers to a network chain structure formed by upstream and downstream enterprises which provide products or services to end users in the production and circulation process. The order financing refers to the business that the enterprise uses good buyer product orders by credit, under the conditions of mature technology, guaranteed production capacity and effective guarantee, a financial institution provides special loan for the enterprise to purchase materials, organize and produce, and the enterprise repays the loan immediately after receiving the payment.
As shown in fig. 1, the existing order financing process is: x1. the producer makes contract with the buyer and gets the purchase order; x2. the producer makes financing application to the bank by holding the contract of purchase and sale and the purchase order; x3. the bank confirms the real effectiveness of the contract and the order, and after determining the credit line of the producer, the enterprise opens a special account for sale settlement in the bank; x4. the producer makes an order financing contract and related guarantee contract with the bank; the bank sends loan to the producer, and the producer must pay the loan according to the use stipulated by the contract and complete the delivery obligation under the order item; and X6, the buyer pays the money and the bank deducts a repayment account in the special account.
The existing order financing service has the following problems:
in the traditional order financing, a large number of paper documents are issued and verified, and a mailing mode is often adopted in the document transmission process, so that the efficiency of transaction activity is greatly reduced, and a large amount of waste of resources such as manpower and material resources is caused.
Secondly, paper bills have the possibility of counterfeiting, and the financing risk is increased.
Paper documents are easy to lose and difficult to store, and once lost, important privacy information can be leaked.
And fourthly, the information circulation is not smooth, the financial institution lacks the historical transaction information of the loan enterprises, the credit condition of the medium and small enterprises cannot be accurately judged when the financing service is provided for the medium and small enterprises, the loan putting of the financial institution is not facilitated, and the financing of the medium and small enterprises is also not facilitated.
Financial institutions and supervisory authorities are difficult to monitor the circulation process of goods and to efficiently supervise the actual direction of loan.
Due to the existence of the data isolated island, the condition that the same order is loaned in a plurality of financial institutions may occur, the financing risk is increased, and the financing difficulty is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an order financing method based on a block chain, a system, equipment and a computer readable storage medium, which are used for solving the technical problems of low efficiency, high financing risk and easy information leakage of the traditional order financing service.
According to one aspect of the invention, an order financing method based on a block chain is provided, which comprises the following steps:
step S1: the buyer node and the producer node sign the product order on the block chain and are verified by the financial institution node;
step S2: the producer node submits a financing application to the financial institution node based on the product order, the financial institution node signs a financing contract with the producer node after the audit is passed, and meanwhile, a special account is opened for the producer node and the money is released;
step S3: the producer node and the supplier node sign the raw material order and are verified by the financial institution node;
step S4: the supplier node and the logistics provider node sign the consignment note and are verified by the financial institution node;
step S5: the logistics merchant node and the producer node carry out raw material delivery activities, and the two parties upload the signatures to the block chain after signing on the cargo delivery order;
step S6: the producer node and the logistics provider node sign the consignment note and are verified by the financial institution node;
step S7: the logistics merchant node and the purchaser node carry out product delivery activities, and the two parties upload the signatures to the block chain after signing on the goods delivery order;
step S8: the purchaser node pays the tail money to the producer node, and the transfer record is uploaded to the block chain after being signed by the purchaser node, the producer node and the financial institution node;
step S9: and the financial institution node performs loan settlement activities, and uploads the deduction records and the transfer records to the block chain after being signed by the relevant nodes.
Further, step S21: the producer node constructs an order financing application form, signs the order financing application form and uploads the order financing application form to the block chain;
step S22: after verifying the financing application form of the producer node, the financial institution node constructs a credit standing inquiry application form and signs, and uploads the credit standing inquiry application form to a block chain; the credit worthiness inquiry comprises the inquiry of credit worthiness of a producer node and a buyer node, and is beneficial to the financial institution node to accurately control the financing risk;
step S23: after verifying the credit standing inquiry application of the financial institution node, the third-party credit standing institution node uploads the credit standing information of an inquiry object to a block chain;
step S24: the financial institution node determines the financing amount and interest rate of the producer node according to the credit worthiness of the producer node and the buyer node, constructs a financing contract and signs, and then uploads the financing contract to the block chain;
step S25: after the producer node verifies the financing contract, signature confirmation is carried out on the contract and the contract is uploaded to the block chain;
step S26: after the financial institution node verifies the financing contract, a special account is opened for the producer node, the money is released, and the release bill is uploaded to the block chain.
Further, in the step S24, an order financing risk assessment mechanism and an order financing rate decision mechanism are also formulated, and risk assessment is performed on order financing and financing rate is accurately set from multiple angles, where the order financing risk is formed by three levels of risk: the risk of the main body is measured by the main body qualification, the financial condition, the integrity history, the trade background, the operation condition of a financing demand party and the performance capability of upstream and downstream enterprises, the order risk is determined by the financing period, the financing amount and the proportion of the financing amount in the fund required by the order, the order financing rate is determined by the risk-free rate and the risk-overflow rate, the on-demand long-term national debt rate is taken as the risk-free rate, and the risk-overflow rate is determined by the order financing risk.
Furthermore, each node in the block chain network is configured with a private data set and a corresponding chain code, and a corresponding privacy and privacy mechanism is set in the storage level, the access level and the calling level respectively to perform privacy processing on the sensitive data.
Further, when the hierarchy is stored, firstly, the chain code generates a random salt by calling a random salt generation function GetSalt (n), wherein n represents the length of the random salt, then a Hash value needing to be chained is calculated by a specified Hash function Hash (pravate _ data + salt), and real private data is stored in a private data set of a specified node;
in an access level, after a private data set is created, an access control list acl of the private data set is created through a function createlacl (pravate _ data _ set, client _ set), wherein the pravate _ data _ set represents an identifier of one or a group of private data sets, the client _ set represents a client set which is to obtain an access right to the private data set represented by the pravate _ data _ set, when a client applies for accessing the private data set, a GetID () function is used to obtain a client identifier client _ id, and then a function IsideAccessControlList (client _ id, acl) is used to judge whether the client _ id has the right to access the private data set; if the client _ id is in acl, returning private data to the client, and if the client _ id is not in acl, denying the client access to the private data set;
at the calling level, when the private data is called, the private data pravite _ data is converted into transient data transient _ pravite _ data through a function getprovitetrient (pravite _ data), and then the calling function of the chain code calls the transient _ pravite _ data.
Further, the blockchain network is further provided with a shared private data mechanism, where the mechanism includes an access control list, Transfer private data, and a shared private data set, where the access control list is obtained by adding a specified client identifier set, client _ set, to a specified access control list acl through a function addclienttoaacl (acl, client _ set), the Transfer private data is obtained by transferring the private data, pravate _ data _ set1, pravate _ data _ set2, the pravate _ data _ set1 represents a private data set to which the pravate _ data belongs before the Transfer, the pravate _ data _ set2 represents a private data set to which the pravate _ data set belongs after the Transfer, and the shared private data set is obtained by sharing the function Share (pravate _ data _ set, client _ data set) to which the pravate _ data set belongs.
Further, the block chain network is also provided with a private data verification mechanism, hash calculation is carried out on the obtained private data pravate _ data and the corresponding random salt thereof through a function to obtain a hash ' value, then the hash ' and the hash corresponding to the private data on the chain are compared through a function CompleHash (hash ', hash), if the hash ' is the same as the hash, the private data is true and correct, and if the hash ' is not the same as the hash, the private data is false data or incorrect.
In addition, the invention also provides an order financing system based on the block chain, which adopts the order financing method, and the system comprises:
the product order signing module is used for signing a product order on the block chain by the buyer node and the producer node and verifying the product order by the financial institution node;
the financing module is used for submitting a financing application to the financial institution node by the producer node based on the product order, the financial institution node signs a financing contract with the producer node after the audit is passed, and meanwhile, a special account is opened for the producer node and the financing is released;
the raw material order signing module is used for signing raw material orders by the producer node and the supplier node and verifying the raw material orders by the financial institution node;
the consignment note signing module is used for signing the consignment note by the supplier node and the logistics provider node, and by the producer node and the logistics provider node, and verifying the consignment note by the financial institution node;
the payment module of the tail money, is used for supplying the buyer node to pay the tail money to the producer node, transfer account record upload to the block chain after the buyer node, producer node, financial institution node three-party signature;
and the loan settlement module is used for the financial institution nodes to perform loan settlement activities, and uploading the deduction records and the transfer records to the block chain after being signed by the relevant nodes.
In addition, the present invention also provides an apparatus comprising a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the processor is used for executing the steps of the method by calling the computer program stored in the memory.
The present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium for storing a computer program for order financing based on a blockchain, which, when running on a computer, performs the steps of the method as described above.
The invention has the following effects:
according to the order financing method based on the block chain, the information on the whole supply chain is published on the chain through the block chain, and the real transparency of the information is improved and the risk caused by unsmooth information circulation is reduced through repeated confirmation of a plurality of nodes. The block chain provides a bookkeeping and transaction processing system, the processes of examining, making, telegraph, mailing and the like which occupy a large amount of manpower and time in the traditional document settlement process are replaced, the manpower, material resources, financial resources and time cost are saved, and the whole supply chain enterprise order financing process is quicker, safer and more intelligent. Under traditional order financing, different entities respectively store respective information, and the transparency is seriously lacked, so that higher time cost and money cost are caused, once problems (repeated financing of orders and the like) occur, the tracing and processing are difficult, accurate and easy information of all parties involved is linked, the whole transaction process is transparent, the supervision is convenient, meanwhile, the risk is conveniently systematically measured, and the trust degree between the parties involved is deepened.
In addition, by applying the technology of combining the block chain and the private data, the data sharing is improved, data isolated islands are avoided, the trust of lending parties is increased, meanwhile, the sensitive data of each node can be protected, and meanwhile, the sensitive data can be shared in a controllable manner, so that each enterprise can obtain the transaction conditions which are most consistent with the transaction parties as far as possible for different transaction objects.
In addition, the block chain-based order financing system, the block chain-based order financing equipment and the computer-readable storage medium have the advantages.
In addition to the objects, features and advantages described above, other objects, features and advantages of the present invention are also provided. The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a conventional business process for order financing. Fig. 2 is a flow chart of the order financing method based on block chain according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 3 is a schematic network structure diagram of a blockchain network according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 4 is a sub-flowchart of step S1 in fig. 2. Fig. 5 is a sub-flowchart of step S2 in fig. 2. Fig. 6 is a sub-flowchart of step S3 in fig. 2. Fig. 7 is a sub-flowchart of step S4 in fig. 2. Fig. 8 is a sub-flowchart of step S5 in fig. 2. Fig. 9 is a sub-flowchart of step S6 in fig. 2. Fig. 10 is a sub-flowchart of step S7 in fig. 2. Fig. 11 is a sub-flowchart of step S8 in fig. 2. Fig. 12 is a sub-flowchart of step S9 in fig. 2. FIG. 13 is a swim lane diagram of a blockchain transaction process in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 14 is a swim lane diagram of the processing of blockchain private data in accordance with the preferred embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 15 is a block chain-based order financing system according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the invention can be embodied in many different forms, which are defined and covered by the following description.
As shown in fig. 2, a preferred embodiment of the present invention provides a block chain-based order financing method, which includes the following steps:
step S1: the buyer node and the producer node sign the product order on the block chain and are verified by the financial institution node;
step S2: the producer node submits a financing application to the financial institution node based on the product order, the financial institution node signs a financing contract with the producer node after the audit is passed, and meanwhile, a special account is opened for the producer node and the money is released;
step S3: the producer node and the supplier node sign the raw material order and are verified by the financial institution node;
step S4: the supplier node and the logistics provider node sign the consignment note and are verified by the financial institution node;
step S5: the logistics merchant node and the producer node carry out raw material delivery activities, and the two parties upload the signatures to the block chain after signing on the cargo delivery order;
step S6: the producer node and the logistics provider node sign the consignment note and are verified by the financial institution node;
step S7: the logistics merchant node and the purchaser node carry out product delivery activities, and the two parties upload the signatures to the block chain after signing on the goods delivery order;
step S8: the purchaser node pays the tail money to the producer node, and the transfer record is uploaded to the block chain after being signed by the purchaser node, the producer node and the financial institution node;
step S9: and the financial institution node performs loan settlement activities, and uploads the deduction records and the transfer records to the block chain after being signed by the relevant nodes.
It can be understood that, in the order financing method based on the block chain according to the embodiment, the information on the whole supply chain is published on the chain through the block chain, and through repeated confirmation of multiple nodes, the real transparency of the information is improved, and the risk caused by the unsmooth information circulation is reduced. The block chain provides a bookkeeping and transaction processing system, the processes of examining, making, telegraph, mailing and the like which occupy a large amount of manpower and time in the traditional document settlement process are replaced, the manpower, material resources, financial resources and time cost are saved, and the whole supply chain enterprise order financing process is quicker, safer and more intelligent. Under traditional order financing, different entities respectively store respective information, and the transparency is seriously lacked, so that higher time cost and money cost are caused, once problems (repeated financing of orders and the like) occur, the tracing and processing are difficult, accurate and easy information of all parties involved is linked, the whole transaction process is transparent, the supervision is convenient, meanwhile, the risk is conveniently systematically measured, and the trust degree between the parties involved is deepened.
It is to be understood that, as shown in fig. 3, the blockchain network specifically includes the following nodes:
(ii) Oracle node (prophetic machine): a platform for providing external information, which can allow the block chain to be connected to any existing API, and can import, store and export information related to network nodes on the block chain, thereby realizing dynamic acquisition of the information;
second, purchasing side node: refers to an individual or organization having a product or service requirement;
third, the producer node: refers to an economic organization that can produce products or provide services, and may have an order financing requirement;
supplier nodes: the method refers to an economic organization for providing production raw materials or technologies for production enterprises, and the demand of order financing can be met;
logistics business nodes: the method indicates that the oral side is at least engaged in transportation (including transport agency and goods express) or warehousing an operation business, can organize and manage basic functions of transportation, storage, loading and unloading, packaging, circulation processing, distribution and the like according to the logistics requirements of clients, has an information management system adaptive to the business of the oral side, and is an economic organization for independently accounting and independently bearing civil responsibility;
sixthly, the financial institution nodes: refers to a bank or other financial institution capable of providing order financing and transfer services;
and seventh, a third party credit establishment node: the system is a medium legal person unit which is approved and established according to related laws and regulations, collects enterprise and personal credit information, provides enterprise and personal credit information inquiry, rating and inquiry services for enterprise and personal credit information users and operates independently;
eighthly, identifying nodes together: the transaction information submitted by the nodes in the blockchain network is finally subjected to consensus processing by the consensus nodes and packaged into blocks.
In addition, the blockchain network further comprises a sequencing node for being responsible for sequencing the transactions in the blockchain network. All nodes in the block chain network maintain an account book respectively, consistency of the account book is ensured through a consensus algorithm, and all transaction logs of the account book are stored in the block chain and cannot be modified. Each block in the block chain comprises a block head, block data and block metadata, wherein the block head stores a block chain number, a current block hash value and a previous block head hash value, and the current block hash value is a root hash generated by the block data through a Merkle tree. The block data comprises all transaction data, and the common identification node is packaged and written into the block. The transaction data comprises a transaction head, a transaction signature, a transaction proposal, a transaction response and a transaction endorsement. The transaction header may record some important raw data related to the transaction, such as the name and version number of the chain code. The transaction signature contains a cryptographic signature created by the client to check whether the transaction details have been tampered with. The transaction proposal is responsible for encoding the input parameters of the intelligent contract, and when the intelligent contract runs, the input parameters contained in the transaction proposal and the current world state together define a new ledger world state. The transaction response is the output of the intelligent contract, and the values before and after the world state are recorded in the form of a read-write set (RW-set), and if the transaction is verified, the transaction is written into the ledger and the world state database is updated. And (4) verifying the validity of the transaction proposal by the designated node, wherein the signature after the verification is passed is the endorsement. And the chunk metadata includes the chunk generation time, i.e., timestamp, the certificate, public key, and signature of the chunk writer.
It can be understood that, as shown in fig. 4, the step S1 specifically includes the following steps:
step S11: the node of the buyer constructs a product order, signs the product order and uploads the signed product order to the block chain;
step S12: the manufacturer node verifies the signature of the product order, generates an order receipt, signs the order receipt and uploads the order receipt to the block chain;
step S13: after verifying the order receipt, the purchasing side node constructs a subscription fund transfer application form, signs the order and uploads the signed order to the block chain;
step S14: after verifying the fixed-fund transfer application form, the financial institution node performs transfer operation and generates a transfer record, signs the transfer record and uploads the transfer record to a block chain;
step S15: after verifying the transfer record, the purchaser node signs and confirms the transfer record and records the transfer record on the chain;
step S16: the producer node verifies the transfer record and signs it for confirmation and records it on the chain.
In step S1, the financial institution node intervenes in the product order signing process, and after the purchase is applied to the financial institution node by the purchaser node, the financial institution node executes the transfer action, so as to know the authenticity of the product order and effectively reduce the financing risk of the financial institution node.
It can be understood that, as shown in fig. 5, the step S2 specifically includes the following steps:
step S21: the producer node constructs an order financing application form, signs the order financing application form and uploads the order financing application form to the block chain;
step S22: after verifying the financing application form of the producer node, the financial institution node constructs a credit standing inquiry application form and signs, and uploads the credit standing inquiry application form to a block chain; the credit worthiness inquiry comprises the inquiry of credit worthiness of a producer node and a buyer node, and is beneficial to the financial institution node to accurately control the financing risk;
step S23: after verifying the credit standing inquiry application of the financial institution node, the third-party credit standing institution node uploads the credit standing information of an inquiry object to a block chain;
step S24: the financial institution node determines the financing amount and interest rate of the producer node according to the credit worthiness of the producer node and the buyer node, constructs a financing contract and signs, and then uploads the financing contract to the block chain;
step S25: after the producer node verifies the financing contract, signature confirmation is carried out on the contract and the contract is uploaded to the block chain;
step S26: after the financial institution node verifies the financing contract, a special account is opened for the producer node, the money is released, and the release bill is uploaded to the block chain.
In the step S2, the financial institution node simultaneously evaluates the credit worthiness of the producer node and the buyer node, so as to comprehensively understand the credit statuses of the supplier and the seller, thereby being beneficial to reducing the risk of financing.
Preferably, in the step S24, the present invention further establishes an order financing risk assessment mechanism and an order financing rate decision mechanism, so that risk assessment of order financing and accurate setting of financing rate are performed from multiple angles, which is helpful to strictly manage the loan risk of the financial institution node. Specifically, the Order financing risk (Order financing risk) is mainly composed of three levels of risk: external risk (External risk), Subject risk (Subject risk), and Order risk (Order risk).
Orde financing risk＝f1(External risk，Subject risk，Order risk)
The external risks mainly refer to risks caused by changes in economic environment (E1), policy environment (E2), industrial environment (E3), and product properties (E4).
External risk＝f2(E1，E2，E3，E4)
The risk of the main body is mainly measured by the factors of the main body qualification (S1), the financial condition (S2), the integrity history (S3), the trade background (S4), the operation condition (S5) and the performance capability (S6) of the upstream and downstream enterprises of the financing demander.
Subject risk＝f3(S1，S2，S3，S4，S5，S6)
The risk of the order is mainly determined by the financing period (O1), the financing amount (O2), and the proportion of the financing amount to the fund required by the order (O3).
Order risk＝f4(O1，O2，O3)
The Order financing rate (Order financing rate) is mainly determined by Risk free rate (Risk free rate) and Risk overflow rate (Risk premium):
Order financing rate＝Risk free rate+Risk premium
the risk-free interest rate refers to the interest rate obtained by investing capital into an investment object without any risk, and the interest rate is the compensation of opportunity cost and risk, wherein the compensation of opportunity cost is called risk-free interest rate. The present invention uses the on-demand long-term treasury interest rate as the risk-free interest rate.
The risk premium is the difference between the determined profit and the profit obtained by taking risk, and is the compensation for the investor to undertake the risk. In the present invention, the risk premium is mainly determined by the order financing risk:
Risk premium＝f5(Order financing risk)。
it can be understood that, as shown in fig. 6, the step S3 specifically includes the following steps:
step S31: the manufacturer node constructs a raw material order, signs the order and uploads the order to a block chain;
step S32: the supplier node verifies the signature of the raw material order, generates an order receipt, signs the order receipt and uploads the order receipt to the block chain;
step S33: after the manufacturer node verifies the order receipt, a fixed-deposit transfer application form is constructed, signed and uploaded to a block chain;
step S34: after verifying the fixed-fund transfer application form, the financial institution node performs transfer operation and generates a transfer record, signs the transfer record and uploads the transfer record to a block chain;
step S35: the producer node verifies the transfer record, signs and confirms the transfer record and records the transfer record on the chain;
step S36: the provider node verifies the transfer record and signs it for confirmation and records it on the chain.
In step S3, the financial institution node intervenes in the signing process of the material order, and after the fund of the material order is applied to the financial institution node by the producer node, the financial institution node executes the transfer action, so as to grasp the authenticity of the material order, and effectively reduce the financing risk of the financial institution node.
It can be understood that, as shown in fig. 7, the step S4 specifically includes the following steps:
step S41: the supplier node constructs a consignment order to sign the consignment order, and then uploads the consignment order to the block chain;
step S42: after verifying the consignment bill, the logistics merchant node generates a consignment bill and uploads the consignment bill to the block chain after signing the consignment bill;
step S43: after verifying the receipt of the shipping receipt, the provider node constructs a freight transfer application form, signs the freight transfer application form and uploads the freight transfer application form to a block chain;
step S44: after verifying the freight transfer application form, the financial institution node performs transfer operation and generates a transfer record, signs the transfer record and uploads the transfer record to a block chain;
step S45: the supplier node verifies the transfer record, signs and confirms the transfer record and records the transfer record on the chain;
step S46: after verifying the transfer record, the logistics merchant node signs and confirms the transfer record and records the transfer record on the chain, and meanwhile, the logistics merchant node starts to transport raw materials.
In step S4, the financial institution node is involved in the process of material consignment, and after the supplier node applies for the transfer of freight to the financial institution node, the financial institution node executes the transfer action, so as to grasp the authenticity of material consignment and effectively reduce the financing risk of the financial institution node.
It can be understood that, as shown in fig. 8, the step S5 specifically includes the following steps:
step S51: the logistics merchant node constructs a cargo connection list and uploads a signature to the block chain;
step S52: after the raw materials are received and inspected by the producer node, they are signed up on the consignment note and then uploaded to the chain.
It can be understood that, as shown in fig. 9, the step S6 specifically includes the following steps:
step S61: the producer node constructs a shipping list to sign the shipping list, and then uploads the shipping list to a block chain;
step S62: after verifying the consignment bill, the logistics merchant node generates a consignment bill and uploads the consignment bill to the block chain after signing the consignment bill;
step S63: after verifying the receipt of the shipping note, the producer node constructs a freight transfer application form, signs the freight transfer application form and uploads the freight transfer application form to a block chain;
step S64: after verifying the freight transfer application form, the financial institution node performs transfer operation and generates a transfer record, signs the transfer record and uploads the transfer record to a block chain;
step S65: the producer node verifies the transfer record, signs and confirms the transfer record and records the transfer record on the chain;
step S66: and after verifying the transfer record, the logistics merchant node signs and confirms the transfer record and records the transfer record on the chain, and meanwhile, the logistics merchant node starts to transport the product.
In step S6, the financial institution node is involved in the product consignment process, and after the supplier node applies for the transfer of the freight to the financial institution node, the financial institution node executes the transfer action, so as to grasp the authenticity of the product consignment, and effectively reduce the financing risk of the financial institution node.
It can be understood that, as shown in fig. 10, the step S7 specifically includes the following steps:
step S71: the logistics merchant node constructs a cargo connection list, signs the cargo connection list and uploads the signature to the block chain;
step S72: after the purchaser node receives and inspects the product, it signs up on the delivery order and uploads it to the chain.
It can be understood that, as shown in fig. 11, the step S8 specifically includes the following steps:
step S81: the purchasing side node pays a tail money to the financing special account of the producer node, constructs a tail money transfer application form, signs the tail money transfer application form and uploads the tail money transfer application form to the block chain;
step S82: after verifying the tail money transfer application form, the financial institution node performs transfer operation and generates a transfer record, signs the transfer record and uploads the transfer record to a block chain;
step S83: the purchaser node verifies the transfer record, signs the transfer record, and records the transfer record in the chain.
It can be understood that, as shown in fig. 12, the step S9 specifically includes the following steps:
step S91: the financial institution node deducts loans and interest from the financing special account of the producer node, generates a deduction sheet, and uploads the deduction sheet to the block chain after signature;
step S92: the manufacturer node verifies the deduction bill and then signs and confirms the deduction bill and records the bill on the chain;
step S93: the producer node constructs a tail money transfer application form, signs the tail money transfer application form and uploads the tail money transfer application form to the block chain;
step S94: after verifying the tail money transfer application form, the financial institution node performs transfer operation and generates a transfer record, signs the transfer record and uploads the transfer record to a block chain;
step S95: the producer node verifies the transfer record, signs and confirms the transfer record and records the transfer record on the chain;
step S96: the provider node verifies the transfer record and signs it for confirmation and records it on the chain.
In the step S9, deduction of principal loan and interest requires the financial institution node and the producer node to sign endorsements together and upload the endorsements to the block chain, which is convenient for later tracing, and settlement of financing end payment requires the financial institution node, the producer node and the buyer node to sign endorsements together, which is beneficial for the buyer node to accurately evaluate the credit degree of the producer node, is beneficial for reducing the risk of the buyer node in the product transaction process, and increases the trust degree of both parties of the transaction.
It will be appreciated that each node in the supply chain may generate private data during a transaction, and that most private data is sensitive data and is undesirable to disclose by each node. In order to protect the privacy of private data at a storage level, an access level and a calling level, the invention provides a private data hierarchical mixed privacy mechanism based on random salt, an access control list and transient data.
Specifically, the blockchain network configures each node with a private data set and a corresponding chain code. Firstly, privacy protection is carried out at the storage level of private data: when private data is stored, firstly, a chain code generates a random salt by calling a random salt generation function GetSalt (n), wherein n represents the length of the random salt, then, a Hash value needing to be chained is calculated by a specified Hash function Hash (pravate _ data + salt), and real private data is stored in a private data set of a specified node.
Secondly, privacy protection is carried out at the access level of private data: after the private data set is created, an access control list acl of the private data set may be created through a function createlacl (pravate _ data _ set, client _ set), where pravate _ data _ set represents an identifier of one or a group of private data sets, and client _ set represents a set of clients that will obtain access to the private data set represented by pravate _ data _ set. If the access right of a specified client to a specified private data set is to be revoked, the client identifier may be deleted from the specified access control list acl by a function deleteclientfromcal (acl, client _ set). When a client applies to access a private data set, a client identifier client _ id is obtained by using a GetID () function, and then whether the client _ id has the right to access the private data set is judged through a function IsInsideAccessControlList (client _ id, acl); if the client _ id is in acl, private data is returned to the client; if the client _ id is not in acl, the client is denied access to the private data set.
In addition, privacy protection is performed at the calling level of private data: when the private data is called, the private data pravate _ data is converted into transient data transient _ pravate _ data through a function GetPravitetTransient (pravate _ data); and then the calling function of the chain code calls the transfer _ pravate _ data.
It can be understood that the random salt is generated randomly before the hash calculation is performed on the data plaintext, and then the data plaintext and the salt are spliced into a whole to perform the hash calculation. The random salt aims at the same code, the result after each encryption is different, but whether the hash value is matched with the plaintext can be verified according to the salt stored in the encryption, and relatively speaking, the random salt can ensure that the hash value in the database cannot be inverted into the plaintext. The private data and the corresponding random salt thereof are kept private, and only the value is disclosed to the outside, so that dictionary attack to the private data is prevented. Access Control List (ACL): performing access control in chain code, an access control list may be created for one or more private data sets indicating which client applications are able to query the private data in the private data sets. Transient data indicates that the data only exists temporarily and can be automatically deleted along with the change of the state. The transient data is an input method which can transmit parameters to the chain code function but does not need to be stored in the transaction record, and when the chain code calls the private data, the private data is converted into the transient data, so that chaining of the private data can be effectively avoided to protect privacy.
The private data hierarchical mixed privacy mechanism mainly comprises the following functions:
in addition, private data of each node on the supply chain is required to be shared when necessary, and the modes for sharing the private data mainly include an access control list setting mode, a private data transfer mode, a private data sharing mode and the like.
Wherein the access control list: by setting the access control list of the private data set, not only can privacy be protected, but also private data can be shared by adding a specified client identifier to the access control list through the mechanism.
Specifically, a specified set of client identifiers, client _ set, may be added to the specified access control list acl by a function addclienttolacl (acl, client _ set).
Transferring private data: by setting the access control list, the specified client can only read the private data but cannot own the data, and if the data is to be completely owned, the data needs to be transferred. Specifically, the method comprises the following steps:
the private data pravate _ data is transferred through a function Transfer (pravate _ data, pravate _ data _ set1, pravate _ data _ set2), the pravate _ data _ set1 represents the private data set to which the pravate _ data belongs before the Transfer, and the pravate _ data _ set2 represents the private data set to which the pravate _ data belongs after the Transfer.
Shared private data set: the mechanism for transferring private data can only share part of the private data in the private data set, and the mechanism for sharing the private data set can share the whole private data set. Specifically, the method comprises the following steps:
the private data set, pravate _ data _ set, is shared through a function Share, the pravate _ data _ set representing a set of clients that will be able to Share the pravate _ data _ set.
In addition, the invention considers that when private data is shared, a data acquisition party needs to verify the acquired data so as to ensure the authenticity and the correctness of the data. Therefore, the present invention further provides a private data verification mechanism, specifically:
the obtained private data pravate _ data and the corresponding random salt thereof are subjected to hash calculation through a function to obtain a hash ' value, then the hash ' and the hash corresponding to the private data on the chain are compared through a function CompareHash (hash ', hash), if the hash ' and the hash are the same, the private data are true and correct, and if the hash ' and the hash are different, the private data are false data or the data are incorrect.
Therefore, by applying the technology of combining the block chain and the private data, the data sharing is improved, the data isolated island is avoided, the trust of the lending party and the lending party is increased, the sensitive data of each node can be protected, and meanwhile, the sensitive data can be shared in a controllable manner, so that each enterprise can obtain the transaction conditions which are most consistent with the transaction parties as far as possible for different transaction objects.
In addition, the supply chain enterprise order financing business process is essentially processed as a transaction in a block chain network, the transaction is submitted to an endorsement node by a client for endorsement, the endorsement node returns an endorsement result, then the endorsement result is submitted to a consensus node by the client as the transaction, the transaction is packaged into blocks by the consensus node and then distributed to the whole network nodes, and the uplink is completed after the verification of the whole network nodes is passed. Therefore, although the business processes are different in steps S1-S9, the processing of the transactions in the blockchain network is consistent, as shown in fig. 13, here, S1 (uploading product orders to blockchain by buyer) is taken as an example to explain how the blockchain network processes the basic business process of supply chain enterprise order financing:
m1: the buyer node constructs a product order through the client and submits the order as an affair proposal to the endorsement node;
m2: the endorsement node verifies the validity of the transaction proposal according to a preset verification rule, and the endorsement node signs the verified transaction proposal and returns the signed transaction proposal to the client;
m3: the client submits a response result returned by the endorsement node to a consensus node in the block chain network as a transaction;
m4: the consensus node processes the submitted transaction according to a preset consensus algorithm, packs the transaction into blocks and broadcasts the blocks to all nodes of the whole network;
m5: after the block is checked by the nodes of the whole network, updating the local account book to complete block chaining, and informing the client of successful submission;
m6: and after the client receives the successful submitting notification, updating the state, wherein the product order is successfully submitted at the moment.
In addition, the blockchain network handles the transaction flow of private data sets: in a blockchain network, private data can only be stored in an authorized node and can only be accessed by the authorized node, the sorting node cannot influence the private data and cannot see the private data, because the distribution of the private data is completed by an endorsement node before endorsement, and a response result returned to a client by the endorsement node contains the hash value of the private data but does not contain specific private data, only the hash value of the private data exists in a block distributed after the consensus node completes the consensus service, and no specific private data exists. As shown in fig. 14, the processing flow of private data in the blockchain is illustrated by taking the example that producer a and financial institution B deploy a private data set that can share the actual interest rate (private data) of order financing:
n1: the financial institution B constructs a transaction proposal of the newly added order financing actual interest rate through the client and submits the transaction proposal to the endorsement node, and the endorsement node verifies the legality of the transaction proposal according to a preset verification rule;
n2: the endorsement node distributes the actual loan interest rate to the authorization nodes (a manufacturer A and a financial institution B) according to a distribution strategy preset by the private data set;
n3: after the endorsement node signs the verified transaction proposal, a response result of the hash value which does not contain the actual interest rate but contains the actual interest rate is returned to the client;
n4: the client submits a response result (not containing actual private data) returned by the endorsement node to a consensus node in the blockchain network as a transaction;
n5: the consensus node processes the submitted transaction according to a preset consensus algorithm, packs the transaction into blocks and broadcasts the blocks to all nodes of the whole network;
n6: and after the block is checked by the nodes of the whole network, updating the local account book to complete block chaining, and informing the client of successful submission.
In addition, as shown in fig. 15, another embodiment of the present invention further provides an order financing system based on a block chain, which adopts the order financing method as described above, and the system includes:
the product order signing module is used for signing a product order on the block chain by the buyer node and the producer node and verifying the product order by the financial institution node;
the financing module is used for submitting a financing application to the financial institution node by the producer node based on the product order, the financial institution node signs a financing contract with the producer node after the audit is passed, and meanwhile, a special account is opened for the producer node and the financing is released;
the raw material order signing module is used for signing raw material orders by the producer node and the supplier node and verifying the raw material orders by the financial institution node;
the consignment note signing module is used for signing the consignment note by the supplier node and the logistics provider node, and by the producer node and the logistics provider node, and verifying the consignment note by the financial institution node;
the payment module of the tail money, is used for supplying the buyer node to pay the tail money to the producer node, transfer account record upload to the block chain after the buyer node, producer node, financial institution node three-party signature;
and the loan settlement module is used for the financial institution nodes to perform loan settlement activities, and uploading the deduction records and the transfer records to the block chain after being signed by the relevant nodes.
It can be understood that, in the order financing system based on the block chain according to the embodiment, the information on the whole supply chain is published on the chain through the block chain, and the real transparency of the information is improved and the risk caused by the unsmooth information circulation is reduced through the repeated confirmation of the nodes of the plurality of parties. The block chain provides a bookkeeping and transaction processing system, the processes of examining, making, telegraph, mailing and the like which occupy a large amount of manpower and time in the traditional document settlement process are replaced, the manpower, material resources, financial resources and time cost are saved, and the whole supply chain enterprise order financing process is quicker, safer and more intelligent. Under traditional order financing, different entities respectively store respective information, and the transparency is seriously lacked, so that higher time cost and money cost are caused, once problems (repeated financing of orders and the like) occur, the tracing and processing are difficult, accurate and easy information of all parties involved is linked, the whole transaction process is transparent, the supervision is convenient, meanwhile, the risk is conveniently systematically measured, and the trust degree between the parties involved is deepened.
In addition, the present invention also provides an apparatus comprising a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the processor is used for executing the steps of the method by calling the computer program stored in the memory.
The present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium for storing a computer program for order financing based on a blockchain, which, when running on a computer, performs the steps of the method as described above.
The general form of computer readable media includes: floppy disk (floppy disk), flexible disk (flexible disk), hard disk, magnetic tape, any of its magnetic media, CD-ROM, any of the other optical media, punch cards (punch cards), paper tape (paper tape), any of the other physical media with patterns of holes, Random Access Memory (RAM), Programmable Read Only Memory (PROM), Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory (EPROM), FLASH erasable programmable read only memory (FLASH-EPROM), any of the other memory chips or cartridges, or any of the other media from which a computer can read. The instructions may further be transmitted or received by a transmission medium. The term transmission medium may include any tangible or intangible medium that is operable to store, encode, or carry instructions for execution by the machine, and includes digital or analog communications signals or intangible medium that facilitates communication of the instructions. Transmission media include coaxial cables, copper wire and fiber optics, including the wires that comprise a bus for transmitting a computer data signal.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An order financing method based on block chain is characterized in that,
the method comprises the following steps:
step S1: the buyer node and the producer node sign the product order on the block chain and are verified by the financial institution node;
step S2: the producer node submits a financing application to the financial institution node based on the product order, the financial institution node signs a financing contract with the producer node after the audit is passed, and meanwhile, a special account is opened for the producer node and the money is released;
step S3: the producer node and the supplier node sign the raw material order and are verified by the financial institution node;
step S4: the supplier node and the logistics provider node sign the consignment note and are verified by the financial institution node;
step S5: the logistics merchant node and the producer node carry out raw material delivery activities, and the two parties upload the signatures to the block chain after signing on the cargo delivery order;
step S6: the producer node and the logistics provider node sign the consignment note and are verified by the financial institution node;
step S7: the logistics merchant node and the purchaser node carry out product delivery activities, and the two parties upload the signatures to the block chain after signing on the goods delivery order;
step S8: the purchaser node pays the tail money to the producer node, and the transfer record is uploaded to the block chain after being signed by the purchaser node, the producer node and the financial institution node;
step S9: and the financial institution node performs loan settlement activities, and uploads the deduction records and the transfer records to the block chain after being signed by the relevant nodes.
2. The block chain based order financing method according to claim 1,
step S21: the producer node constructs an order financing application form, signs the order financing application form and uploads the order financing application form to the block chain;
step S22: after verifying the financing application form of the producer node, the financial institution node constructs a credit standing inquiry application form and signs, and uploads the credit standing inquiry application form to a block chain; the credit worthiness inquiry comprises the inquiry of credit worthiness of a producer node and a buyer node, and is beneficial to the financial institution node to accurately control the financing risk;
step S23: after verifying the credit standing inquiry application of the financial institution node, the third-party credit standing institution node uploads the credit standing information of an inquiry object to a block chain;
step S24: the financial institution node determines the financing amount and interest rate of the producer node according to the credit worthiness of the producer node and the buyer node, constructs a financing contract and signs, and then uploads the financing contract to the block chain;
step S25: after the producer node verifies the financing contract, signature confirmation is carried out on the contract and the contract is uploaded to the block chain;
step S26: after the financial institution node verifies the financing contract, a special account is opened for the producer node, the money is released, and the release bill is uploaded to the block chain.
3. The block chain based order financing method according to claim 2,
in step S24, an order financing risk assessment mechanism and an order financing rate decision mechanism are also formulated, and risk assessment is performed on order financing and financing rate is accurately set from multiple angles, where the order financing risk is composed of risks of three levels: the risk of the main body is measured by the main body qualification, the financial condition, the integrity history, the trade background, the operation condition of a financing demand party and the performance capability of upstream and downstream enterprises, the order risk is determined by the financing period, the financing amount and the proportion of the financing amount in the fund required by the order, the order financing rate is determined by the risk-free rate and the risk-overflow rate, the on-demand long-term national debt rate is taken as the risk-free rate, and the risk-overflow rate is determined by the order financing risk.
4. The block chain based order financing method according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
each node in the block chain network is configured with a private data set and a corresponding chain code, and a corresponding privacy and confidentiality mechanism is set in a storage level, an access level and a calling level respectively to perform confidentiality processing on sensitive data.
5. The block chain based order financing method according to claim 4,
in the storage layer, firstly, a chain code generates a random salt by calling a random salt generation function GetSalt (n), wherein n represents the length of the random salt, then, a Hash value needing to be linked up is calculated by a specified Hash function Hash (pravate _ data + salt), and real private data is stored in a private data set of a specified node;
in an access hierarchy, after a private data set is created, an access control list acl of the private data set is created through a function createlacl (pravate _ data _ set, client _ set), wherein the pravate _ data _ set represents an identifier of one or a group of private data sets, the client _ set represents a client set which is to obtain an access right to the private data set represented by the pravate _ data _ set, when a client applies for accessing the private data set, a GetID () function is used to obtain a client identifier client _ id, and then a function IsideAccessControlList (client _ id, acl) is used to judge whether the client _ id has the right to access the private data set, if the client _ id is in acl, the client is returned to the client, and if the client _ id is not in acl, the client is denied to access to the private data set;
at the calling level, when the private data is called, the private data pravite _ data is converted into transient data transient _ pravite _ data through a function getprovitetrient (pravite _ data), and then the calling function of the chain code calls the transient _ pravite _ data.
6. The block chain based order financing method according to claim 5,
the block chain network is further provided with a shared private data mechanism, which includes an access control list, Transfer private data, and a shared private data set, wherein the access control list is obtained by adding a specified client identifier set, client _ set, to a specified access control list acl through a function addclienttoaacl (acl, client _ set), the Transfer private data is obtained by transferring private data, pravate _ data _ set1 and pravate _ data _ set2, the pravate _ data _ set1 represents a private data set to which the pravate _ data belongs before the Transfer, the pravate _ data _ set2 represents a private data set to which the pravate _ data belongs after the Transfer, and the shared private data set is obtained by sharing the function Share (pravate _ data _ set, client _ set) which can be shared.
7. The block chain based order financing method according to claim 6,
the block chain network is also provided with a private data verification mechanism, hash calculation is carried out on the obtained private data pravate _ data and the corresponding random salt thereof through a function to obtain a hash ' value, then the hash ' and the hash corresponding to the private data on the chain are compared through a function CompareHash (hash ', hash), if the hash ' is the same as the hash, the private data is true and correct, and if the hash ' is not the same as the hash, the private data is false data or the data is incorrect.
8. An order financing system based on block chain, which adopts the order financing method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the system comprises:
the product order signing module is used for signing a product order on the block chain by the buyer node and the producer node and verifying the product order by the financial institution node;
the financing module is used for submitting a financing application to the financial institution node by the producer node based on the product order, the financial institution node signs a financing contract with the producer node after the audit is passed, and meanwhile, a special account is opened for the producer node and the financing is released;
the raw material order signing module is used for signing raw material orders by the producer node and the supplier node and verifying the raw material orders by the financial institution node;
the consignment note signing module is used for signing the consignment note by the supplier node and the logistics provider node, and by the producer node and the logistics provider node, and verifying the consignment note by the financial institution node;
the payment module of the tail money, is used for supplying the buyer node to pay the tail money to the producer node, transfer account record upload to the block chain after the buyer node, producer node, financial institution node three-party signature;
and the loan settlement module is used for the financial institution nodes to perform loan settlement activities, and uploading the deduction records and the transfer records to the block chain after being signed by the relevant nodes.
9. An apparatus comprising a processor and a memory, the memory having stored therein a computer program, the processor being configured to perform the steps of the method of any one of claims 1 to 7 by invoking the computer program stored in the memory.
10. A computer-readable storage medium for storing a computer program for order financing based on a block chain, wherein the computer program performs the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 when running on a computer.
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| CN112862474A (en) * | 2021-02-05 | 2021-05-28 | 湖南大学 | Supply chain management method, system, equipment and storage medium based on block chain |
| CN113407996A (en) * | 2021-06-28 | 2021-09-17 | 湖南大学 | Distributed account book autonomous controllable privacy protection system and cluster architecture thereof |
| CN113674089A (en) * | 2021-08-23 | 2021-11-19 | 湖南大学 | Manufacturer guarantee financing method, system, equipment and storage medium for prepayment products based on block chain |
| CN113674088A (en) * | 2021-08-23 | 2021-11-19 | 湖南大学 | Method, system, equipment and storage medium for financing accounts receivable pool based on block chain |
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| CN113674088A (en) * | 2021-08-23 | 2021-11-19 | 湖南大学 | Method, system, equipment and storage medium for financing accounts receivable pool based on block chain |
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