WO2020034185A1 - 可控引导刮片系统、脂润滑轴承及控制系统 - Google Patents

可控引导刮片系统、脂润滑轴承及控制系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020034185A1
WO2020034185A1 PCT/CN2018/100993 CN2018100993W WO2020034185A1 WO 2020034185 A1 WO2020034185 A1 WO 2020034185A1 CN 2018100993 W CN2018100993 W CN 2018100993W WO 2020034185 A1 WO2020034185 A1 WO 2020034185A1
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Prior art keywords
bearing
blade
grease
controllable
scraper
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PCT/CN2018/100993
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
黄运生
马子魁
吴清
陈均委
Original Assignee
舍弗勒技术股份两合公司
黄运生
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Application filed by 舍弗勒技术股份两合公司, 黄运生 filed Critical 舍弗勒技术股份两合公司
Priority to PCT/CN2018/100993 priority Critical patent/WO2020034185A1/zh
Publication of WO2020034185A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020034185A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/66—Special parts or details in view of lubrication

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of bearings, and in particular to a controllable guide scraper system, a grease-lubricated bearing and a control system.
  • the friction inside the bearing mainly occurs between the rolling elements and the inner and outer ring raceways, between the rolling elements and the large inner ribs, between the rolling elements and the cage, and between the cage and the inner and outer rings. In the place where friction occurs, if the lubrication is not good, the overall temperature rise of the bearing will be too high, which will cause premature bearing failure and reduce the reliability of the bearing.
  • the bearings are generally filled with grease before installation. Grease is lost during operation. After the bearing has been running for a period of time, new grease can be added through the grease hole. Take a double-row tapered roller bearing as an example. After disassembling the bearing after a period of operation, it can be found that a large part of the grease is stored in the non-contact areas of the bearing such as the septum ring, the seal ring, and the inner ring flange. Less grease is stored at the contact surfaces inside the bearing. In other words, increasing the grease through the grease injection hole cannot fundamentally guarantee the improvement of the lubrication condition of the internal contact surface of the bearing.
  • the bearing is filled with grease before the bearing is assembled.
  • the semi-solid state of the viscosity of the grease will cause the grease to stay on the inner ring large flange close to the sealing ring, which will cause the grease to be unevenly distributed in the axial direction of the bearing.
  • the grease cannot flow to the large end face of the rolling element and the inner ring ribs which are seriously friction inside the bearing.
  • the circular movement of the cage and the rolling body will cause part of the grease to flow in the circumferential direction.
  • Due to the effect of gravity a part of the grease will fall directly under the bearing. This results in uneven distribution of the grease in the circumferential direction, which cannot make each rolling element uniformly lubricated.
  • Bearings can be relubricated by stopping and disassembling them, but this will result in increased workload and cost. It is also difficult to ensure that the grease flows to the work area through the grease injection hole, which may even cause excessive lubrication and grease wastage.
  • Patent document CN107002759A sets a fixed guide piece on the outer ring of the double-row tapered roller bearing to guide the grease to the raceway.
  • Patent document CN2218278Y fixes the scraper on the holder, which can compensate the lubrication of the ball bearing.
  • the problem that these solutions face in practical application is that the continuous stirring of the grease inside the bearing by the grease scraper will greatly increase the frictional power consumption of the bearing, which will inevitably lead to an increase in the internal temperature of the bearing. On the other hand, some grease will remain between the wiper and the wiper.
  • the present invention has been made based on the shortcomings of the prior art, and the object of the present invention is to provide a controllable guide blade system that can improve the internal lubrication of the bearing without adding excessive extra friction, thereby making the bearing run more Smooth and extended bearing life.
  • the invention also relates to a grease-lubricated bearing and a control system having such a controllable guide blade system.
  • the controllable guide scraper system for a grease lubricated bearing is mounted on an outer ring, an inner ring or a seal ring of the bearing and is configured to be accessible from the outside of the bearing, the controllable guide scraper
  • the blade system includes a blade capable of guiding the migration direction of the grease in the bearing, and the controllable guide blade system is configured to be able to place the blade in a first state and a second state through the external access. In the first state, the wiper blade does not substantially affect the migration direction of the grease in the bearing, and in the second state, the wiper blade guides the grease in all directions. The direction of migration in the bearing is described.
  • controllable guide blade system further includes a pull rod connected to the blade, and the blade is changed between the first state and the second state by pushing and pulling the pull rod.
  • the wiper blade is rotatably mounted to a seal ring of the bearing or an inner ring of the bearing, one end of the tie rod is connected to the wiper blade, and the other end of the tie rod is connected to the exposed portion.
  • the external key of the bearing is a seal ring of the bearing or an inner ring of the bearing.
  • the blade is substantially V-shaped.
  • the bearing has a through groove through which the blade can enter the inside of the bearing and the blade can be drawn to the outside of the bearing through the through groove.
  • the grease lubricated bearing according to the present invention includes the above-mentioned controllable guide blade system.
  • the grease-lubricated bearing includes a first controllable guide wiper system and a second controllable guide wiper system, and the first controllable guide wiper system is used for The grease is guided when the first direction migrates, and the second controllable guide scraper system is used to guide the grease when the grease migrates in the second direction in the circumferential direction of the bearing, wherein The first direction is opposite to the second direction.
  • a control system for controlling grease circulation of a grease-lubricated bearing according to the present invention includes:
  • An electronic control device capable of accessing the controllable guide blade system from the outside of the bearing to cause the blade to transition between the first state and the second state.
  • control system further comprises a sensor for monitoring a parameter characterizing the lubrication condition of the bearing and transmitting the parameter to the electronic control device, the electronic control device for The parameter controls the controllable guided wiper system.
  • the senor is a temperature sensor or a vibration sensor.
  • the electronic control device controls the controllable guide blade system so that the blade is intermittently in the second state.
  • control system includes a plurality of the controllable guide blade systems, and the electronic control device can independently control each of the controllable guide blade systems.
  • controllable guided wiper system of the present invention it can be accessed from the outside of the bearing to change the working state of the wiper, and a controlled circulation of intermittent bearing grease can be achieved. Therefore, while improving the lubricating condition in the bearing, excessive extra friction loss caused by the blade is avoided.
  • controllable guide scraper system according to the present invention automatic redistribution of bearing grease can be realized without stopping the machine, and the utilization rate of the grease can be improved. Reduce the overall bearing friction and reduce bearing temperature rise.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a control system for controlling the grease circulation of a grease-lubricated bearing according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 5a-5c show schematic diagrams of a controllable guide wiper system of a control system for controlling the grease circulation of a grease-lubricated bearing according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figures 6a-6c show a schematic view of a controllable guided wiper system of a control system for controlling the grease circulation of a grease lubricated bearing according to another embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a control system for controlling the grease circulation of a grease-lubricated bearing according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the control system 1 for controlling the grease circulation of a grease-lubricated bearing includes a sensor 10, an electronic control device 11 and a controllable guide scraper system 12, wherein the sensor 10 and the controllable guide scraper system 12 are provided at the bearing 2 and electronically controlled
  • the device 11 may be provided at the bearing 2 or separately.
  • the sensor 10 is, for example, a temperature sensor for monitoring the temperature of a bearing during operation, a vibration sensor for monitoring the vibration of the bearing, and the like, and its mounting position is not limited to the position shown in the figure.
  • the controllable guide scraper system 12 mounted on the bearing seal ring is schematically shown in FIG. 1, and the specific structure and installation position thereof will be further described below in conjunction with other drawings.
  • the connection between the electronic control device 11 and the sensor 10 and the controllable guide blade system 12 may be in a wired or wireless form.
  • the bearing 2 in the figure is a double-row tapered roller bearing, however, the control system 1 for controlling the grease circulation of a grease-lubricated bearing according to the present invention can be used for any type of bearing, especially for a flanged seal Structured and grease lubricated other bearings (cylindrical roller bearings, ball bearings, etc.).
  • the electronic control device 11 can access the controllable guide blade system 12 from the outside of the bearing 2 to change the blade 120 between the first state and the second state.
  • the control may be performed according to time, for example, setting For several time intervals, the wiper blade 120 is in the first state in the first time interval, and then the wiper blade 120 is in the second state in the second time interval. When the third time interval is reached, the wiper blade 120 is returned to the first state. status.
  • the electronic control device 11 may control the controllable guide blade system 12 according to a signal measured by the sensor 10.
  • FIG. 2 shows a control logic diagram of an electronic control device of a control system for controlling a grease circulation of a grease-lubricated bearing according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3a-3c show schematic diagrams of a controllable guided wiper system of a control system for controlling the grease circulation of a grease-lubricated bearing according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 a shows an axial partial cross-sectional view of a control guide blade system 12 mounted to an outer ring 20 of a bearing 2.
  • the bearing 2 includes an outer ring 20, a rolling body 21, an inner ring 22, a spacer ring 23, a seal ring 24, and a cage 25.
  • the controllable guided wiper system 12 includes a wiper blade 120 and a pin 122 connected to the wiper blade 120.
  • the pin 122 is cylindrical and can be rotated in the grease injection hole 26 of the outer ring 20.
  • the radial R outer end of the pin 122 is provided.
  • FIG. 3b show perspective views from the inside of the radial direction R (lower side in Figure 3a) to the outside of the radial direction R (upper side in Figure 3a).
  • the inner ring 22 is not shown here, but A rolling body 21, a seal ring 24, and a cage 25 are shown.
  • the wiper blade 120 extends in the circumferential direction X, so there is no hindrance to the grease 3 moving in the circumferential direction. At this time, the grease 3 is distributed freely.
  • FIGS. 4a-4e show schematic diagrams of a controllable guided wiper system of a control system for controlling the grease circulation of a grease-lubricated bearing according to another embodiment of the invention.
  • a controllable guide blade system 12 is mounted to the bearing seal ring 24 (see FIG. 4 e).
  • the controllable guide blade system 12 has a key 124, a blade 120, and a tie rod 121 exposed to the outside of the bearing 2.
  • the tie rod 121 is, for example, a rigid strip and one end is connected to the wiper blade 120 and the other end is connected to the switch key 124, and the wiper blade 120 has a certain elasticity and is rotatably mounted to the sealing ring 24, wherein the fixed edge of the wiper blade 120 1201 (see FIGS.
  • FIG. 4a shows the switch key 124 located on the outer surface of the seal ring 24. At this time, the switch key 124 is in the "Closed" position, and the wiper blade 120 and the pull rod 121 are as shown in Fig. 4b.
  • FIG. 4b shows the inner side of the seal ring 24. At this time, the switch 124 pushes the pull rod 121, so that the wiper blade 120 generally abuts against the inner wall of the seal ring 24, and has no guiding effect on the grease.
  • the key 124 is in the "Open" position shown in FIG.
  • the key 124 pulls the lever 121 to make the blade 120 approximately V-shaped and substantially perpendicular to the inner wall of the sealing ring 24 (see FIG. 4d).
  • Guides grease Fig. 4e shows the guide of the grease 3 when the wiper blade 120 is in the position shown in Fig. 4d, and the grease 3 migrates in the direction of the arrow in the figure.
  • FIG. 5a-5c show schematic diagrams of a controllable guide wiper system of a control system for controlling the grease circulation of a grease-lubricated bearing according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • a controllable guide blade system 12 is mounted to the inner ring 22 of the bearing.
  • the controllable guide blade system 12 also has a key 124, a blade 120, and a tie rod 121 exposed to the outside of the bearing 2.
  • FIG. 5 a shows that the key 124 is in the “Closed” position, and then the key 124 pulls the lever 121 to make the wiper blade 120 substantially abut against the outer peripheral surface of the inner ring 22, which basically has no guiding effect on the grease.
  • FIG. 5b shows that the key 124 is in the “Open” position, and the pull rod 121 pushes the scraper blade 120 into a substantially V-shape and stands on the outer peripheral surface of the inner ring 22, which has a guiding effect on the grease.
  • FIG. 5 c shows that the grease 3 is guided in the direction of the arrow by the blade 120.
  • the scraper blade 120 may have a hinge-like structure, that is, a part of the blade 120 can rotate relative to the other part, and the rotation axis is a combination line of the two parts (compare the scraper blades 120 of FIGS. 5 a and 5 b).
  • One side of a part of the blade 120 is fixed to the inner ring 22, and the other part is connected to the pull rod 121.
  • Figures 6a-6c show a schematic view of a controllable guided wiper system of a control system for controlling the grease circulation of a grease lubricated bearing according to another embodiment of the invention.
  • a through groove OPQ is provided in the seal ring 24 for the blade to enter and exit the seal ring in the axial direction.
  • draw the wiper blade 120 through the groove OPQ to the outside of the seal ring 24 see FIG. 6b
  • the tie rod 121 is omitted
  • the through groove OPQ is not limited to being provided on the seal ring, and may also be provided at other positions of the bearing, such as an outer ring, as required.
  • a first controllable guide blade system 12 is provided for guiding the grease 3 when the grease 3 migrates in a first direction in the circumferential direction of the bearing 2, and a second controllable guide blade system 12 is provided for lubricating The grease 3 guides the grease 3 when it migrates in a second direction in the circumferential direction of the bearing 2, wherein the first direction is opposite to the second direction.

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  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract

一种用于脂润滑轴承（2）的可控引导刮片系统（12），安装于轴承的外圈（20）、内圈（22）或密封圈（24）并且被构造成能够从轴承（2）的外部被访问，包括能够引导轴承（2）中的润滑脂的迁移方向的刮片（120），能够通过外部访问而使刮片（120）在第一状态和第二状态之间转变，在第一状态，刮片（120）实质上不影响润滑脂在轴承（2）中的迁移方向，在第二状态，刮片（120）引导润滑脂在轴承（2）中的迁移方向。该可控引导刮片系统能够实现间歇式的轴承润滑脂的受控循环，在改善轴承内的润滑情况的同时避免刮片带来过多额外的摩擦损耗，不需要停机即可实现轴承润滑脂的重新分配，提高润滑脂的利用率，由此在使轴承运行更流畅的同时延长了轴承的寿命。还提供了一种脂润滑轴承及一种用于控制脂润滑轴承的润滑脂循环的控制系统。

Description

可控引导刮片系统、脂润滑轴承及控制系统 技术领域
本发明涉及轴承领域，具体涉及可控引导刮片系统、脂润滑轴承及控制系统。
背景技术
轴承内部的摩擦主要发生在滚动体与内、外圈滚道之间、滚动体与内圈大挡边之间、滚动体与保持架之间、保持架与内、外圈之间。在发生摩擦的位置，如果润滑不良会导致轴承整体温升过高，从而导致轴承出现过早失效，降低轴承使用的可靠性。
为了改善润滑，一般在安装前对轴承填充润滑脂。润滑脂在运行过程中有损耗，在轴承运行一段时间后可以通过注脂孔增加新润滑脂。以双列圆锥滚子轴承为例，拆开运行一段时间后的轴承后，可以发现，有较多部分的润滑脂存储在中隔圈、密封圈、内圈挡边等轴承非接触区。轴承内部的接触工作面处润滑脂储存较少。也就是说，通过注脂孔增加润滑脂并不能从根本上保证轴承内部接触面润滑状况的提升。
一般轴承装配前会在轴承的中隔圈、密封圈处填充润滑脂。而半固体状态的润滑脂的粘滞性会导致润滑脂停留在内圈大挡边靠近密封圈处，将使得润滑脂在轴承轴向方向分布不均匀。润滑脂无法流动到轴承内部摩擦严重的滚动体大端面与内圈挡边处。因为保持架及滚动体作圆周运动，会带动部分润滑脂在圆周方向流动。然而受重力作用的影响，有一部分润滑脂会掉落在轴承的正下方。这样导致润滑脂在圆周方向上的分布不均，无法使得每个滚动体得到均匀的润滑。可以通过停机拆卸的方式对轴承进行再润滑，但是这样会导致工作量和成本的增加。通过注脂孔进行注脂也难以保证润滑脂流向 工作区，甚至会导致过度润滑和润滑脂的浪费。
为了实现润滑脂的重新分布，专利文件CN107002759A在双列圆锥滚子轴承的外圈设置固定的引导片将润滑脂引向滚道。专利文件CN2218278Y中将刮片固定在保持架上，可以对球轴承的润滑进行补偿。这些方案在实际应用中面临的问题是，润滑脂刮片在轴承内部持续不断的搅拌润滑脂，将很大程度上增大轴承的摩擦功耗，这样势必导致轴承内部温度的升高。另外一方面，在刮片与刮片之间会存留一定的润滑脂。
发明内容
基于上述现有技术的缺陷做出了本发明，本发明的发明目的在于提供一种可控引导刮片系统，其能够改善轴承内部润滑而不增加过多的额外摩擦，由此使轴承运行更顺畅并延长了轴承的使用寿命。
本发明还涉及具有这种可控引导刮片系统的脂润滑轴承及控制系统。
根据本发明的用于脂润滑轴承的可控引导刮片系统安装于所述轴承的外圈、内圈或密封圈并且被构造成能够从所述轴承的外部被访问，所述可控引导刮片系统包括能够引导所述轴承中的润滑脂的迁移方向的刮片，所述可控引导刮片系统被构造成能够通过所述外部访问而使所述刮片在第一状态和第二状态之间转变，在所述第一状态，所述刮片实质上不影响所述润滑脂在所述轴承中的迁移方向，在所述第二状态，所述刮片引导所述润滑脂在所述轴承中的迁移方向。
特别地，所述刮片能够绕着所述轴承的径向转动地安装到所述轴承。
特别地，所述可控引导刮片系统还包括与所述刮片连接的销，所述销安装到所述轴承的外圈，通过所述销带动所述刮片转动而使所述刮片在所述第一状态和所述第二状态之间转变。
特别地，所述可控引导刮片系统还包括与所述刮片连接的拉杆，通过推 拉所述拉杆使所述刮片在所述第一状态和所述第二状态之间转变。
特别地，所述刮片可转动地安装到所述轴承的密封圈或所述轴承的内圈，所述拉杆的一端连接到所述刮片，所述拉杆的另一端连接到露出到所述轴承的外部的开关键。
特别地，在所述第二状态，所述刮片呈大致V字形。
特别地，所述刮片由弹性材料制成，所述拉杆由刚性材料制成。
特别地，所述轴承具有通槽，所述刮片能够经由所述通槽进入所述轴承的内部并且能够经由所述通槽将所述刮片抽到所述轴承的外部。
根据本发明的脂润滑轴承包括上述可控引导刮片系统。
特别地，脂润滑轴承包括第一可控引导刮片系统和第二可控引导刮片系统，所述第一可控引导刮片系统用于在所述润滑脂沿所述轴承的周向上的第一方向迁移时引导所述润滑脂，所述第二可控引导刮片系统用于在所述润滑脂沿所述轴承的周向上的第二方向迁移时引导所述润滑脂，其中，所述第一方向与所述第二方向相反。
根据本发明的用于控制脂润滑轴承的润滑脂循环的控制系统包括：
上述可控引导刮片系统；以及
电子控制装置，所述电子控制装置能够从所述轴承的外部访问所述可控引导刮片系统从而使所述刮片在所述第一状态和所述第二状态之间转变。
特别地，所述控制系统还包括传感器，所述传感器用于监测表征所述轴承的润滑情况的参数并将所述参数传输给所述电子控制装置，所述电子控制装置用于根据接收到的参数控制所述可控引导刮片系统。
特别地，所述传感器为温度传感器或振动传感器。
特别地，在所述轴承的运行过程中，所述电子控制装置控制所述可控引导刮片系统从而使所述刮片间歇地处于所述第二状态。
特别地，所述控制系统包括多个所述可控引导刮片系统，所述电子控制装置能够独立控制各所述可控引导刮片系统。
根据本发明的可控引导刮片系统，其能够从轴承的外部被访问从而改变刮片的工作状态，可以实现间歇式的轴承润滑脂的受控循环。因此在改善轴承内的润滑情况的同时避免了刮片带来过多额外的摩擦损耗。使用根据本发明的可控引导刮片系统，不需要停机即可实现轴承润滑脂的自动重新分配，提高润滑脂的利用率。减少轴承整体摩擦，降低轴承温升。
在优选的实施方式中，可以根据轴承的运行状态控制润滑脂的循环，主动改善轴承内部的润滑状况。
附图说明
图1示出了根据本发明的一个实施方式的用于控制脂润滑轴承的润滑脂循环的控制系统的示意图。
图2示出了根据本发明的一个实施方式的用于控制脂润滑轴承的润滑脂循环的控制系统的电子控制装置的控制逻辑图。
图3a-3c示出了根据本发明的一个实施方式的用于控制脂润滑轴承的润滑脂循环的控制系统的可控引导刮片系统的示意图。
图4a-4e示出了根据本发明的另一个实施方式的用于控制脂润滑轴承的润滑脂循环的控制系统的可控引导刮片系统的示意图。
图5a-5c示出了根据本发明的另一个实施方式的用于控制脂润滑轴承的润滑脂循环的控制系统的可控引导刮片系统的示意图。
图6a-6c示出了根据本发明的另一个实施方式的用于控制脂润滑轴承的润滑脂循环的控制系统的可控引导刮片系统的示意图。
附图标记说明
1用于控制脂润滑轴承的润滑脂循环的控制系统；2轴承；3润滑脂；
10传感器；11电子控制装置；12可控引导刮片系统；
20外圈；21滚动体；22内圈；23中隔圈；24密封圈；25保持架；26注脂孔；
120刮片；121拉杆；122销；124开关键；OPQ通槽；
1201刮片的固定边；
X周向；R径向。
具体实施方式
以下参照说明书附图来说明本发明的具体实施方式。
图1示出了根据本发明的一个实施方式的用于控制脂润滑轴承的润滑脂循环的控制系统的示意图。用于控制脂润滑轴承的润滑脂循环的控制系统1包括传感器10、电子控制装置11和可控引导刮片系统12，其中传感器10和可控引导刮片系统12设置在轴承2处，电子控制装置11可以设置于轴承2处也可以单独设置。传感器10例如为用于监测运行中的轴承的温度的温度传感器、监测轴承振动情况的振动传感器等，其安装位置不限于图中所示位置。可控引导刮片系统12能够安装于轴承的外圈、内圈或密封圈并且被构造成能够从轴承的外部被电子控制装置11访问。可控引导刮片系统12包括能够引导轴承中的润滑脂的迁移方向的刮片120(例如图3b示出)，能够通过电子控制装置11使刮片在第一状态(例如图3b示出)和第二状态(例如图3c示出)之间转变，在第一状态，刮片实质上不影响润滑脂在轴承中的迁移方向，在第二状态，刮片引导所述润滑脂在轴承中的迁移方向。在图1中示意性示出了安装于轴承密封圈的可控引导刮片系统12，其具体结构形式和安装位置将在以下结合其它附图进一步说明。电子控制装置11与传感器10和可控引导刮片系统12之间的连接可以是有线或者无线形式。图中的轴承2为双列圆锥滚子轴承，然而根据本发明的用于控制脂润滑轴承的润滑脂循环的控制系统1可以用于 任意类型的轴承，特别是用于带挡边有密封圈结构且脂润滑的其它轴承(圆柱滚子轴承、球轴承等)。
根据本发明的电子控制装置11能够从轴承2的外部访问可控引导刮片系统12从而使刮片120在第一状态和第二状态之间转变，该控制可以是根据时间进行的，例如设置若干个时间区间，在第一时间区间内使刮片120在第一状态，之后在第二时间区间内使刮片120在第二状态，到了第三时间区间再使刮片120回到第一状态。或者，电子控制装置11也可以根据传感器10测得的信号对可控引导刮片系统12进行控制。图2示出了根据本发明的一个实施方式的用于控制脂润滑轴承的润滑脂循环的控制系统的电子控制装置的控制逻辑图。电子控制装置11接收传感器10监测到的表征轴承2润滑情况的参数，在此传感器10为温度传感器，其用于监测轴承2的运行温度。当轴承内部的润滑变差，轴承整体会温度升高，电子控制装置11将从传感器10接收到的温度数值与预先设定的阈值温度进行比较，如果接收到的温度高于阈值温度，则向可控引导刮片系统12发送命令“打开”以使刮片开始工作；如果接收到的温度低于阈值温度，则向可控引导刮片系统12发送命令“关闭”以使刮片进入不工作的状态。以此可实现不拆卸轴承，利用从外部对刮片的自动控制来调节轴承内部的润滑脂的迁移。
图3a-3c示出了根据本发明的一个实施方式的用于控制脂润滑轴承的润滑脂循环的控制系统的可控引导刮片系统的示意图。图3a示出了将可控引导刮片系统12安装到轴承2的外圈20的轴向局部截面图。轴承2具有外圈20、滚动体21、内圈22、中隔圈23、密封圈24和保持架25。可控引导刮片系统12在此包括刮片120和与刮片120连接的销122，销122为圆柱形并能够在外圈20的注脂孔26中转动，销122的径向R外端设置一字槽用于从轴承2的外部转动销122。图3b-3c示出了从图3a的径向R内侧(图3a中的下侧)朝径向R外侧(图3a中的上侧)看的立体图，在此没有示出内圈22，但是示出了滚动体21、密封圈24和保持架25。图3b中刮片120沿周向X延伸，则对沿周向运动的润滑脂 3没有阻碍作用，此时润滑脂3自由分配。当检测到轴承温度上升，需要调节润滑脂3的分布的时候，如图3c所示，转动销122使刮片120绕轴承的径向转动到与周向X呈角度α，可见润滑脂3沿着图中箭头方向向右侧迁移。如果刮片120与周向X呈-α，则润滑脂3能够向左侧迁移。轴承运行一段时间之后如果不再需要调节润滑脂3的迁移，再通过图中未示出的电子控制装置11控制销122转动使刮片120回到沿周向X延伸的状态，由此实现自动可控的调整。
图4a-4e示出了根据本发明的另一个实施方式的用于控制脂润滑轴承的润滑脂循环的控制系统的可控引导刮片系统的示意图。在此可控引导刮片系统12安装到轴承的密封圈24处(见图4e)，该可控引导刮片系统12具有露出到轴承2的外部的开关键124、刮片120和拉杆121。拉杆121例如为刚性的长条板并且其一端连接到刮片120另一端连接到开关键124，而刮片120具有一定的弹性且可转动地安装到密封圈24，其中刮片120的固定边1201(见图4b、4d)固定于密封圈24的内壁。图4a示出了位于密封圈24外表面的开关键124，此时开关键124位于关闭(“Closed”)位置，则刮片120和拉杆121如图4b所示。图4b示出了密封圈24的内侧，此时开关键124推动拉杆121，使刮片120大体上贴靠于密封圈24的内壁，对润滑脂基本没有引导作用。当开关键124位于图4c所示的打开(“Open”)位置时，开关键124拉动拉杆121使刮片120呈大致V字形并基本垂直于密封圈24的内壁(见图4d)，此时对润滑脂起到引导作用。图4e示出了刮片120在图4d所示的位置时对润滑脂3的引导，润滑脂3沿图中箭头方向迁移。
图5a-5c示出了根据本发明的另一个实施方式的用于控制脂润滑轴承的润滑脂循环的控制系统的可控引导刮片系统的示意图。在此可控引导刮片系统12安装到轴承的内圈22，该可控引导刮片系统12同样具有露出到轴承2的外部的开关键124、刮片120和拉杆121。图5a示出了开关键124位于关闭(“Closed”)位置，则开关键124拉动拉杆121使刮片120大体上贴靠于内圈22的外周面，对润滑脂基本没有引导作用。图5b示出了开关键124位于打开 (“Open”)位置，则拉杆121推动刮片120呈大致V字形并立于内圈22的外周面，对润滑脂具有引导作用。图5c示出了润滑脂3受到刮片120的引导沿箭头方向迁移。在此刮片120可以具有类似合页的结构，即其一部分能够相对于另一部分转动，转动轴为两个部分的结合线(对比图5a和5b的刮片120)。刮片120的一部分的一个侧边固定到内圈22，另一部分连接到拉杆121。
图6a-6c示出了根据本发明的另一个实施方式的用于控制脂润滑轴承的润滑脂循环的控制系统的可控引导刮片系统的示意图。在该实施方式中，在密封圈24设置通槽OPQ用于刮片在轴向上进出密封圈。不需要引导润滑脂时，将刮片120经通槽OPQ抽到密封圈24的外侧(见图6b)；需要引导时，将刮片120经通槽OPQ插入到密封圈的内侧(见图6c)。这种实施方式省略了拉杆121，而通槽OPQ不限于设置在密封圈上，也可以根据需要设置在轴承的其他位置，例如外圈。
上述各种设置用于控制脂润滑轴承的润滑脂循环的控制系统的实施方式，都示意性示出了其中一个刮片120及其所属的一个可控引导刮片系统12，然而优选的是，在周向上设置多个，特别是均匀地设置多个或多组刮片120及其所属的可控引导刮片系统12。电子控制装置11可以独立地控制每个或每组刮片120的打开和关闭。此外由于轴承通常在运行中能够沿周向发生两个方向的转动，所以也可以设置反向于上述实施方式所示的刮片120，用于朝相反方向引导润滑脂3。即，设置第一可控引导刮片系统12用于在润滑脂3沿轴承2的周向上的第一方向迁移时引导润滑脂3，并设置第二可控引导刮片系统12用于在润滑脂3沿轴承2的周向上的第二方向迁移时引导润滑脂3，其中，第一方向与第二方向相反。
刮片120的引导状态能够通过电子控制装置11控制，而电子控制装置11接收传感器10的检测信号从而判断是否需要对润滑脂进行引导。在无需进行引导的时候，改变刮片的形态，从而避免由刮片120引起的额外的摩擦。
本发明的保护范围不限于上述具体实施方式中说明的具体实施例，而是 只要满足本发明的权利要求的技术特征的组合就落入了本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种用于脂润滑轴承的可控引导刮片系统，其安装于所述轴承的外圈、内圈或密封圈并且被构造成能够从所述轴承的外部被访问，所述可控引导刮片系统包括能够引导所述轴承中的润滑脂的迁移方向的刮片，所述可控引导刮片系统被构造成能够通过所述外部访问而使所述刮片在第一状态和第二状态之间转变，在所述第一状态，所述刮片实质上不影响所述润滑脂在所述轴承中的迁移方向，在所述第二状态，所述刮片引导所述润滑脂在所述轴承中的迁移方向。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的可控引导刮片系统，其特征在于，所述刮片能够绕着所述轴承的径向转动地安装到所述轴承。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的可控引导刮片系统，其特征在于，所述可控引导刮片系统还包括与所述刮片连接的销，所述销安装到所述轴承的外圈，通过所述销带动所述刮片转动而使所述刮片在所述第一状态和所述第二状态之间转变。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的可控引导刮片系统，其特征在于，所述可控引导刮片系统还包括与所述刮片连接的拉杆，通过推拉所述拉杆使所述刮片在所述第一状态和所述第二状态之间转变。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的可控引导刮片系统，其特征在于，所述刮片可转动地安装到所述轴承的密封圈或所述轴承的内圈，所述拉杆的一端连接到所述刮片，所述拉杆的另一端连接到露出到所述轴承的外部的开关键。
  6. 根据权利要求4或5所述的可控引导刮片系统，其特征在于，在所述第二状态，所述刮片呈大致V字形。
  7. 根据权利要求4或5所述的可控引导刮片系统，其特征在于，所述刮片由弹性材料制成，所述拉杆由刚性材料制成。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的可控引导刮片系统，其特征在于，所述轴承具 有通槽，所述刮片能够经由所述通槽进入所述轴承的内部并且能够经由所述通槽将所述刮片抽到所述轴承的外部。
  9. 一种脂润滑轴承，其包括权利要求1至8中任一项所述的可控引导刮片系统。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的脂润滑轴承，其包括第一可控引导刮片系统和第二可控引导刮片系统，所述第一可控引导刮片系统用于在所述润滑脂沿所述轴承的周向上的第一方向迁移时引导所述润滑脂，所述第二可控引导刮片系统用于在所述润滑脂沿所述轴承的周向上的第二方向迁移时引导所述润滑脂，其中，所述第一方向与所述第二方向相反。
  11. 一种用于控制脂润滑轴承的润滑脂循环的控制系统，其包括：
    权利要求1至8中任一项所述的可控引导刮片系统；以及
    电子控制装置，所述电子控制装置能够从所述轴承的外部访问所述可控引导刮片系统从而使所述刮片在所述第一状态和所述第二状态之间转变。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的控制系统，其特征在于，所述控制系统还包括传感器，所述传感器用于监测表征所述轴承的润滑情况的参数并将所述参数传输给所述电子控制装置，所述电子控制装置用于根据接收到的参数控制所述可控引导刮片系统。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述控制系统，其特征在于，所述传感器为温度传感器或振动传感器。
  14. 根据权利要求11所述的控制系统，其特征在于，在所述轴承的运行过程中，所述电子控制装置控制所述可控引导刮片系统从而使所述刮片间歇地处于所述第二状态。
  15. 根据权利要求11至14中任一项所述的控制系统，其特征在于，所述控制系统包括多个所述可控引导刮片系统，所述电子控制装置能够独立控制 各所述可控引导刮片系统。
PCT/CN2018/100993 2018-08-17 2018-08-17 可控引导刮片系统、脂润滑轴承及控制系统 WO2020034185A1 (zh)

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EP2080921A2 (en) * 2008-01-16 2009-07-22 JTEKT Corporation Lubricating device for a rolling bearing
CN203548566U (zh) * 2013-10-29 2014-04-16 温州人本轴承有限公司 一种双列圆柱滚子轴承
CN104067010A (zh) * 2012-01-23 2014-09-24 Skf公司 具有内部润滑的滚动轴承组件
JP2015218882A (ja) * 2014-05-21 2015-12-07 Thk株式会社 転がり案内装置
CN105612413A (zh) * 2013-10-10 2016-05-25 舍弗勒技术股份两合公司 用于确定润滑剂的特性的传感器单元以及机械元件和机械装备

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2080921A2 (en) * 2008-01-16 2009-07-22 JTEKT Corporation Lubricating device for a rolling bearing
CN104067010A (zh) * 2012-01-23 2014-09-24 Skf公司 具有内部润滑的滚动轴承组件
CN105612413A (zh) * 2013-10-10 2016-05-25 舍弗勒技术股份两合公司 用于确定润滑剂的特性的传感器单元以及机械元件和机械装备
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