WO2020024268A1 - 隧道预制装配衬砌拼装结构及其方法 - Google Patents

隧道预制装配衬砌拼装结构及其方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020024268A1
WO2020024268A1 PCT/CN2018/098555 CN2018098555W WO2020024268A1 WO 2020024268 A1 WO2020024268 A1 WO 2020024268A1 CN 2018098555 W CN2018098555 W CN 2018098555W WO 2020024268 A1 WO2020024268 A1 WO 2020024268A1
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Prior art keywords
lining
prefabricated
plate
assembly
strength
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PCT/CN2018/098555
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English (en)
French (fr)
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赵晓勇
王飞
黄双林
李国良
靳宝成
刘建红
罗勇
王煦霖
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中铁第一勘察设计院集团有限公司
赵晓勇
刘鹏
王飞
黄双林
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Application filed by 中铁第一勘察设计院集团有限公司, 赵晓勇, 刘鹏, 王飞, 黄双林 filed Critical 中铁第一勘察设计院集团有限公司
Publication of WO2020024268A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020024268A1/zh

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
    • E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
    • E21D11/08—Lining with building materials with preformed concrete slabs
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
    • E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
    • E21D11/08—Lining with building materials with preformed concrete slabs
    • E21D11/083—Methods or devices for joining adjacent concrete segments

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  • the invention belongs to the technical field of tunnel traffic engineering, and particularly relates to a tunnel prefabricated lining assembly structure and a method thereof.
  • cast-in-place lining requires multiple procedures such as tying steel bars, vertical molds, and pouring concrete on site in the tunnel, which restricts the progress of the tunnel construction by the new Austrian method, and the cast-in-place lining is restricted by environmental factors, and the construction quality should not be controlled.
  • the construction of cast-in-place lining is difficult under low temperature and low oxygen concentration environment conditions. Under the action of freezing and rising, lining leakage and icing are prone to occur during operation.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a tunnel prefabricated assembly lining assembly structure and a method thereof, by reserving a hole in the tunnel prefabricated assembly lining and penetrating a high-strength screw in the hole for connection, the prefabricated assembly lining has no support behind it. Assembly problems, as well as quick assembly and precise positioning of prefabricated linings during construction.
  • a double-headed temporary fixed stud connection is used in front of the connector, and a curtain rubber plate, a temporary fixed ring plate, and a flap are installed in order to form a temporary seal between the assembled lining and the surrounding rock.
  • the structure is then grouted through the embedded grouting pipe on the prefabricated assembly lining to fill the enclosed space between the prefabricated assembly lining and the surrounding rock to avoid leakage of the slurry, and solves the close joint between the prefabricated assembly lining and the surrounding rock.
  • the force problem guarantees the effective transmission of the structure of the prefabricated assembly lining and the safe and rapid construction of the prefabricated assembly lining tunnel.
  • the prefabricated assembly lining of the assembling structure is composed of arc panels spliced by precast assembly linings which are longitudinally divided into multiple rings and then divided into multiple pieces by radial radiation;
  • the prefabricated assembly lining arc board is provided with a through hole reserved longitudinally, and a high-strength screw is inserted into the reserved hole.
  • the high-strength screws of two longitudinally adjacent prefabricated assembly lining arc boards are connected through a high-strength connector provided at the joint, so that Two longitudinally adjacent prefabricated lining arc plates were spliced.
  • the prefabricated lining arc board is provided with a pre-buried grouting pipe which is perpendicular to the hoop and penetrates.
  • a groove is provided in a reserved hole at the longitudinal end of the prefabricated assembly lining arc plate.
  • the high-strength connector connecting the two high-strength screws in the longitudinal direction is a nut or a threaded sleeve, and the nut or the threaded sleeve is located in the groove, making the longitudinal phase Adjacent two prefabricated assembly lining arc plates are tightly spliced.
  • a steel sheet gasket is provided on the inside of the high-strength connector.
  • a grouting auxiliary plugging structure is used to seal the gap between the tunnel excavation contour line and the prefabricated assembly lining on the upper end of the prefabricated assembly lining ring.
  • the grouting auxiliary plugging structure includes a plurality of temporary fixed rings arranged in a circumferential direction. Sheet and cord rubber sheet;
  • One end of the cord rubber sheet is attached to the longitudinal end surface of the prefabricated lining arc board, and the outer side is temporarily covered with a temporary fixing ring plate and fixed by a temporary fixing stud, a washer and a temporary fixing nut. Dig out the gap between the contour line and the prefabricated assembly lining.
  • a flip plate is provided at the longitudinal outer end of the temporarily fixed ring plate, and the flip plate is located outside the cord rubber plate.
  • the flap is installed on the temporary fixing ring plate through the fixing plate and the pin;
  • the top end of the fixing plate is fixed to the temporary fixing ring plate, and the bottom end is provided with a horizontal pin sleeve;
  • Pin sleeves are also provided on both sides of the top of the flip plate and are located on both sides of the pin sleeve of the fixed plate, and are connected by inserting pin shafts.
  • a split pin hole is provided at the end of the pin shaft and a split pin is provided.
  • the temporary fixing stud for temporarily fixing the ring plate is a double-headed temporary fixing stud.
  • the inner side of the temporary fixing stud is fixedly connected with the high-strength screw on the prefabricated assembly lining arc board through a high-strength connector at the joint.
  • the construction method of the prefabricated lining assembly structure of the tunnel, as described, is characterized in that:
  • Step 1 After the tunnel is excavated a certain distance from the palm face, start to assemble the prefabricated assembly lining. Before assembly, first trim the surrounding rock, then connect the high-strength screw, pass the high-strength screw into the prefabricated assembly lining. The connector is fixed; the prefabricated assembly lining is assembled from bottom to top, symmetrically on both sides, and the top block is finally assembled;
  • Step 2 After the prefabricated assembly lining is assembled into a ring, the high-strength screw is connected by a double-headed temporary fixing stud, and then a cord rubber plate, a temporary fixing ring plate are sequentially installed on the double-head temporary fixing stud, and a washer and temporary fixing are used. The nuts are fixed and installed in turn until the full ring is installed, and the cord rubber sheet should be placed well;
  • Step 3 Install the flap, and use a pin to fix the flap on the fixing plate connected to the temporary fixing ring plate, and install them in turn until the full ring installation is completed, and the flap should be placed well;
  • Step 4 The back grouting is carried out through the embedded grouting pipe reserved on the prefabricated assembly lining. After the slurry strength meets the requirements, the grouting auxiliary plugging structure is removed and the next ring of prefabricated assembly lining is assembled.
  • the present invention uses prefabricated assembly lining, which can be produced in a factory, has more reliable quality, reduces the construction workload in the tunnel, and improves construction efficiency.
  • the assembly lining is connected by a high-strength screw in the reserved hole, which can ensure the convenient and fixed connection. It is assisted by precise measurement and control to quickly complete the assembly of the prefabricated assembly lining.
  • the present invention can uniformly grout behind the lining after the prefabricated lining is assembled to ensure the close adhesion between the assembly lining and the surrounding rock.
  • the method of controlling the positioning accuracy of spray coating to ensure the accuracy of prefabricated lining assembly is more practical.
  • the method of assembling the lining first and then grouting can correct deviations during the lining assembling process, avoid the accumulation of errors, and ensure the assembly accuracy of the long-distance construction of the prefabricated lining.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the longitudinal assembly and positioning of the prefabricated assembly lining.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the longitudinal connection of a high-strength screw in a prefabricated assembly lining.
  • Figure 3 is a front view of the grouting plugging system behind the lining.
  • Fig. 4 is a structural diagram of a temporarily fixed ring plate.
  • Figure 5 is a side view of the grouting plugging system behind the lining.
  • Figure 6 is a detailed view of grouting and plugging behind the prefabricated assembly lining.
  • FIG. 7 is a connection diagram of a high-strength screw of a prefabricated assembly lining.
  • FIG. 8 is an exploded view of FIG. 7.
  • Fig. 9 is an elevational view of a fixing plate.
  • Fig. 10 is a side view of the fixing plate.
  • Fig. 11 is an elevation view of a flap.
  • Fig. 12 is a side view of the flap.
  • FIG. 13 is a structural view of a cord rubber sheet.
  • Fig. 14 is a structural view of a pin shaft.
  • FIG. 15 is a structural view of a split pin.
  • 1-prefabricated assembly lining 2-reserved connection holes; 3-high-strength screw; 4-pre-grouting grouting pipe; 5-surround rock; 6-high-strength connector; Ring plate; 9-flip plate; 10-cord rubber plate; 11-double-head temporary fixing stud; 12- temporary fixing nut; 13- washer; 14- grouting behind the assembled lining; 15- tunnel excavation outline 16-pin sleeve; 17-fixing plate; 18-reserved hole; 19-pin shaft; 20-open pin hole; 21-open pin; 22-cord rubber plate fixing hole.
  • the invention relates to a prefabricated assembly lining assembly structure of a tunnel.
  • the prefabricated assembly lining 1 of the assembled structure is composed of a prefabricated assembly lining arc plate that is longitudinally divided into multiple loops and then radiated into multiple pieces by pre-assembly;
  • a reserve hole 18 penetrating in the longitudinal direction is provided, a high-strength screw 3 is inserted into the reserve hole 18, and the high-strength screws 3 of two longitudinally adjacent prefabricated assembly lining arc plates are connected through a high-strength connector 6 provided at the joint, so that Two longitudinally adjacent prefabricated lining arc plates were spliced.
  • the number and size of the reserved holes 18 are determined by comprehensive calculation based on the thickness and weight of the prefabricated assembly lining block.
  • the diameter of the reserved hole 18 should be 5-10mm larger than the diameter of the high-strength screw 3. Take a large value when there may be a large error during the assembly process, and strictly control the assembly error of each ring during the assembly process to avoid the following along with the length of the assembly section. The increase leads to its cumulative accumulation of errors.
  • the length of the high-strength screw 3 should generally be taken as the ring width of the prefabricated assembly lining 1, and certain errors should be considered in order to allow room for adjustment during the actual assembly construction.
  • the prefabricated assembly lining arc plate is provided with an embedded buried grouting pipe 4 which is perpendicular to the hoop and penetrates. It is used to grout behind the prefabricated assembly lining 1 and fill the gap between the prefabricated assembly lining 1 and the surrounding rock 5 to ensure prefabricated assembly. Adhesive transmission and stability of Lining 1.
  • the pre-embedded grouting pipe 4 may not be partially penetrated first, and after assembly, it may be opened as required.
  • the pre-assembled lining arc plate has a reserved hole at the longitudinal end of the 18 hole with a groove.
  • the high-strength connector 6 connecting the two longitudinal high-strength screws 3 is a nut or a threaded sleeve. Make two longitudinally adjacent prefabricated assembly lining arc plates tightly spliced.
  • a steel plate gasket 7 may be provided to increase the stress area to ensure the local compression strength of the prefabricated assembly lining 1.
  • the high-strength connector 6 should be able to apply a certain pre-energization to ensure that the prefabricated assembly lining 1 is temporarily fixed without support behind it.
  • the prefabricated lining 1 is provided with a grouting auxiliary plugging structure to seal the gap between the tunnel excavation contour line 15 and the prefabricated lining 1 on the upper circumference of the ring-shaped end surface to prevent channeling during grouting behind the lining to meet the back injection
  • the auxiliary measures of the slurry can be removed after the grouting is completed and its strength meets the requirements, and can be reused.
  • the grouting auxiliary plugging structure includes a plurality of temporarily fixed ring plates 8 and a cord rubber plate 10 arranged in a circle; one end of the cord rubber plate 10 is attached to the longitudinal end face of the prefabricated lining arc plate, and the outer side is pressed with the temporary fixed ring plate.
  • a flip plate 9 is provided at the longitudinal outer end of the temporarily fixed ring plate 8, and the flip plate 9 is located outside the cord rubber plate 10.
  • the flip plate 9 is mounted on the temporary fixing ring plate 8 through the fixing plate 17 and the pin 19; the top end of the fixing plate 17 is fixed to the temporary fixing ring plate 8, and the bottom end is provided with a transverse pin sleeve 16; the top of the flip plate 9 Pin sleeves 16 are also provided on both sides and are located on both sides of the pin sleeve 16 of the fixing plate 17, and are connected by inserting pin shafts 19.
  • a split pin hole 20 and a split pin 21 are provided at an end portion of the pin shaft 19.
  • the temporary fixing stud of the temporary fixing ring plate 8 is a double-headed temporary fixing stud 11, and the inside thereof is fixedly connected with the high-strength screw 3 on the prefabricated assembly lining arc board through the high-strength connector 6 at the joint.
  • the length of the flap 9 should be slightly longer than the distance between the outside of the prefabricated lining 1 and the surrounding rock 5 and it can be stably supported on the surrounding rock 5 to play a blocking role during grouting.
  • the cord rubber sheet 10 should be 10 to 15 cm longer than the length of the flap 9 to adapt to the deformation that may be caused during the grouting process without leaking the slurry.
  • the construction method of the above-mentioned tunnel prefabricated lining assembly structure specifically includes the following steps:
  • Step 1 After the tunnel is excavated a certain distance from the palm face, begin to assemble the prefabricated assembly lining 1. Before assembling, the surrounding rock 5 must be trimmed first. There must be no under-excavation to avoid affecting the assembly space of the prefabricated assembly lining. Then connect the high-strength screw 3, thread the high-strength screw 3 into the prefabricated assembly lining 1, and fix it with high-strength connector 6 after positioning; the prefabricated assembly lining 1 is assembled from bottom to top, symmetrically on both sides, and the top block is finally assembled;
  • Step 2 After the prefabricated assembly lining 1 is assembled into a ring, the high-strength screw 3 is connected by the double-headed temporary fixing stud 11 and then the curtain rubber sheet 10 and the temporary fixing ring plate 8 are sequentially installed on the double-headed temporary fixing stud 11 in order. Use the washer 13 and the temporary fixing nut 12 for fixing, and install in sequence until the full ring is installed, and the cord rubber plate 10 should be placed well;
  • Step 3 Install the flip plate 9 and use the pin 19 to fix the flip plate 9 on the fixing plate 17 connected to the temporary fixing ring plate 8 and install them in turn until the full ring installation is completed, and the flip plate 9 should be placed well;
  • Step 4 Back grouting is carried out through an embedded grouting pipe 4 reserved on the prefabricated assembly lining 1.
  • the grouting can be performed twice.
  • an early strength agent should generally be added to make the slurry permeable, and the grouting pressure should be strictly controlled to ensure that the prefabricated assembly lining 1 can be fully supported after the first grouting.
  • temporary grouting aids such as the temporary embedded ring plate can be removed and the next ring of prefabricated assembly lining 1 can be assembled.
  • the surrounding rock should be allowed to deform to a certain extent, and the grouting body can withstand a certain deformation capacity.
  • Step 5 After the prefabricated assembly lining 1 is assembled for a certain length, if necessary, a second supplementary grouting is performed to ensure the compactness between the prefabricated assembly lining 1 and the surrounding rock 5.

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Abstract

本发明涉及隧道预制装配衬砌拼装结构及其方法，所述拼装结构的预制装配衬砌由纵向分为多环、再环向辐射分为多片的预制装配衬砌弧板拼接组成；预制装配衬砌弧板上设置有纵向贯通的预留孔洞，预留孔洞内插入高强螺杆，纵向相邻的两片预制装配衬砌弧板上的高强螺杆通过对接处设置的高强连接器相连接，使得纵向相邻的两片预制装配衬砌弧板得以拼接。本发明采用预制装配衬砌，可工厂化生产，装配衬砌通过预留孔内设置高强螺杆连接，能保证连接固定的便捷，辅助以精密测量控制，快速完成预制装配衬砌的拼装，保证预制拼装衬砌的拼装精度。

Description

隧道预制装配衬砌拼装结构及其方法 技术领域
本发明属于隧道交通工程技术领域，具体涉及一种隧道预制装配衬砌拼装结构及其方法。
背景技术
除了采用盾构或TBM修建的部分隧道采用预制管片拼装外，在修建山岭公路、铁路隧道时，采用新奥法(钻爆法等)修建的绝大部分隧道，都是采用现浇衬砌。软弱围岩条件下，为了保证隧道施工安全，衬砌应及时施工，不能距离掌子面太远，隧道开挖后衬砌施工的时间上也有要求。采用现浇衬砌，需要洞内现场绑扎钢筋、立模、浇筑混凝土等多道工序，制约了新奥法施工隧道的进度，且现浇衬砌受环境因素制约，施工质量不宜控制。另外，高原和高海拔等特殊条件下隧道施工时，温度低，低氧浓度环境条件下，现浇衬砌施工困难，在冻涨作用下，运营期间容易发生衬砌漏水、结冰等病害。
施工如何采取有效措施，减少隧道内现浇衬砌施工时间，保证施工质量，加快隧道施工进度，一直是隧道工程技术人员关注的问题。目前，世界范围内都越来越关注环保和绿色建造技术，大力提倡采用预制装配结构体系，随着工程技术和装备制造水平的提升，隧道施工采用预制装配衬砌必将成为隧道技术发展的一个方向。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种隧道预制装配衬砌拼装结构及其方法，通过在隧道预制装配衬砌上预留孔洞，在孔洞内穿入高强螺杆进行连接的方法，解决预制装配衬砌在背后没有支撑情况下的拼装问题，以及施工中预制装配衬砌的快速拼装和精确定位问题。在拼装好的预制装配衬砌前方，通过在连接器前方采用双头临时固定螺柱连接，并依次安装帘布橡胶板、临时固定圆环板及翻板等，在拼装衬砌和围岩间形成临时封闭结构，然后通过在预制装配衬砌上的预埋注浆管进行注浆，充填预制装配衬砌与围岩之间的封闭空间，避免浆液外漏，解决了预制装配衬砌与围岩间的密贴共同受力问题，保证预制装配衬砌的结构有效传力，保证预制装配衬砌隧道的安全快速施工。
本发明所采用的技术方案为：
隧道预制装配衬砌拼装结构，其特征在于：
所述拼装结构的预制装配衬砌由纵向分为多环、再环向辐射分为多片的预制装配衬砌弧板拼接组成；
预制装配衬砌弧板上设置有纵向贯通的预留孔洞，预留孔洞内插入高强螺杆，纵向相邻的两片预制装配衬砌弧板上的高强螺杆通过对接处设置的高强连接器相连接，使得纵向相邻的两片预制装配衬砌弧板得以拼接。
预制装配衬砌弧板上设置有垂直于环向并贯通的预埋注浆管。
预制装配衬砌弧板纵向端面的预留孔洞洞口设置凹槽，连接纵向两段高强螺杆的高强连接器为螺母或带螺纹的套筒，螺母或带螺纹的套筒位于凹槽内，使得纵向相邻的两片预制装配衬砌弧板紧密拼接。
高强连接器内侧设置钢板衬垫。
预制装配衬砌环向端面上环周设置有封堵隧道开挖轮廓线与预制装配衬砌之间间隙的注浆辅助封堵结构，注浆辅助封堵结构包括环向布置的多片临时固定圆环板和帘布橡胶板；
帘布橡胶板一端贴附于预制装配衬砌弧板的纵向端面，外侧压覆临时固定圆环板并通过临时固定螺柱、垫圈和临时固定用螺母固定，帘布橡胶板的另一端压覆在隧道开挖轮廓线与预制装配衬砌之间的间隙外。
临时固定圆环板的纵向外端设置有翻板，翻板位于帘布橡胶板外侧。
翻板通过固定板和销轴安装到临时固定圆环板上；
固定板顶端固结到临时固定圆环板上，底端设置有横向的销套；
翻板顶端两侧也设置有销套并位于固定板的销套两侧，通过插入销轴相连接。
销轴端部设置有开口销孔并设置有开口销。
临时固定圆环板的临时固定螺柱为双头临时固定螺柱，其内侧与预制装配衬砌弧板上的高强螺杆通过对接处的高强连接器固定连接。
如所述的隧道预制装配衬砌拼装结构的施工方法，其特征在于：
包括以下步骤：
步骤一：隧道开挖距离掌子面一定距离后，开始拼装预制装配衬砌，拼装前，首先对围岩进行修整，然后接长高强螺杆，将高强螺杆穿入预制装配衬砌，定位好后采用高强连接器进行固定；预制装配衬 砌由下往上拼装，两侧对称进行，最后拼装顶部块；
步骤二：预制装配衬砌拼装成环后，通过双头临时固定螺柱接长高强螺杆，然后在双头临时固定螺柱上依次安装帘布橡胶板、临时固定圆环板，采用垫圈和临时固定用螺母进行固定，依次安装直至全环安装完毕，并应将帘布橡胶板放置好；
步骤三：安装翻板，采用销轴将翻板固定在与临时固定圆环板相连的固定板上，依次安装，直至全环安装完成，并应将翻板放置好；
步骤四：通过预留在预制装配衬砌上的预埋注浆管进行背后注浆，在浆液强度满足要求后，拆除注浆辅助封堵结构，进行下一环预制装配衬砌的拼装。
本发明具有以下优点：
首先，相比于传统的新奥法(钻爆法)施工隧道现浇衬砌，本发明采用预制装配衬砌，可工厂化生产，质量更加可靠，降低洞内施工工作量，提高施工效率。其次，装配衬砌通过预留孔内设置高强螺杆连接，能保证连接固定的便捷，辅助以精密测量控制，快速完成预制装配衬砌的拼装。此外，本发明可以在预制装配衬砌拼装完成后，再在衬砌背后统一注浆，保证装配衬砌与围岩之间的密贴。相比于以往先施工喷层，通过控制喷层定位精度来保证预制装配衬砌拼装精度的办法，实用性更强。而且，采用先拼装衬砌后注浆的办法，可以在衬砌拼装过程中纠偏，避免误差累积，保证预制拼装衬砌的长距离施工的拼装精度。
附图说明
图1为预制装配衬砌纵向拼装定位示意。
图2为预制装配衬砌纵向连接高强螺杆设置示意图。
图3为衬砌背后注浆封堵系统正面图。
图4为临时固定圆环板结构图。
图5为衬砌背后注浆封堵系统侧面图。
图6为预制装配衬砌背后注浆封堵详图。
图7为预制装配衬砌高强螺杆连接图。
图8为图7分解图。
图9为固定板立面图。
图10为固定板侧面图。
图11为翻板立面图。
图12为翻板侧面图。
图13为帘布橡胶板结构图。
图14为销轴结构图。
图15为开口销结构图。
图中，1-预制装配衬砌；2-预留连接孔；3-高强螺杆；4-预埋注浆管；5-围岩；6-高强连接器；7-钢板衬垫；8-临时固定圆环板；9-翻板；10-帘布橡胶板；11-双头临时固定螺柱；12-临时固定用螺母；13-垫圈；14-拼装衬砌背后注浆；15-隧道开挖轮廓线；16-销套；17-固定板；18-预留孔洞；19-销轴；20-开口销孔；21-开口销；22-帘布橡胶板固定孔。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施方式对本发明进行详细的说明。
本发明涉及一种隧道预制装配衬砌拼装结构，所述拼装结构的预制装配衬砌1由纵向分为多环、再环向辐射分为多片的预制装配衬砌弧板拼接组成；预制装配衬砌弧板上设置有纵向贯通的预留孔洞18，预留孔洞18内插入高强螺杆3，纵向相邻的两片预制装配衬砌弧板上的高强螺杆3通过对接处设置的高强连接器6相连接，使得纵向相邻的两片预制装配衬砌弧板得以拼接。预留孔洞18的数量及尺寸根据预制装配衬砌分块的厚度和重量综合计算确定。预留孔洞18直径应比高强螺杆3的直径大5～10mm,拼装过程中可能产生较大误差时取大值，并在拼装过程中，严格控制每环拼装误差，避免随着拼装段落长度的增加导致其误差累积侵限。高强螺杆3长度一般应取预制装配衬砌1的环宽，并应考虑一定的误差，以便在实际拼装施工时有调整余地。
预制装配衬砌弧板上设置有垂直于环向并贯通的预埋注浆管4，用于进行预制装配衬砌1背后注浆，填充预制装配衬砌1与围岩5之间的孔隙，保证预制装配衬砌1的密贴传力与稳定。预埋注浆管4也可局部先不贯通，拼装后再根据需要捅开。
预制装配衬砌弧板纵向端面的预留孔洞18洞口设置凹槽，连接纵向两段高强螺杆3的高强连接器6为螺母或带螺纹的套筒，螺母或带螺纹的套筒位于凹槽内，使得纵向相邻的两片预制装配衬砌弧板紧密拼接。为防止预制装配衬砌1局部应应力过大，可通过设置钢板衬垫7增大受力面积，保证预制装配衬砌1的局部受压强度。高强连接 器6应可施加一定的预加力，保证预制装配衬砌1在背后没有支撑的情况下，暂时固定。
预制装配衬砌1环向端面上环周设置有封堵隧道开挖轮廓线15与预制装配衬砌1之间间隙的注浆辅助封堵结构，防止在衬砌背后注浆时窜流，满足衬砌背后注浆的辅助措施，在注浆完成且其强度满足要求后即可拆除，并可重复使用。注浆辅助封堵结构包括环向布置的多片临时固定圆环板8和帘布橡胶板10；帘布橡胶板10一端贴附于预制装配衬砌弧板的纵向端面，外侧压覆临时固定圆环板8并通过临时固定螺柱、垫圈13和临时固定用螺母12固定，帘布橡胶板10的另一端压覆在隧道开挖轮廓线15与预制装配衬砌1之间的间隙外。临时固定圆环板8的纵向外端设置有翻板9，翻板9位于帘布橡胶板10外侧。翻板9通过固定板17和销轴19安装到临时固定圆环板8上；固定板17顶端固结到临时固定圆环板8上，底端设置有横向的销套16；翻板9顶端两侧也设置有销套16并位于固定板17的销套16两侧，通过插入销轴19相连接。销轴19端部设置有开口销孔20并设置有开口销21。临时固定圆环板8的临时固定螺柱为双头临时固定螺柱11，其内侧与预制装配衬砌弧板上的高强螺杆3通过对接处的高强连接器6固定连接。翻板9长度应比预制装配衬砌1外侧与围岩5的距离稍长，并且能稳定的支撑在围岩5上，起到注浆过程中的封堵作用。帘布橡胶板10应比翻板9的长度长10～15cm，适应注浆过程中可能导致的变形而不漏浆。
上述隧道预制装配衬砌拼装结构的施工方法，具体包括以下步 骤：
步骤一：隧道开挖距离掌子面一定距离后，开始拼装预制装配衬砌1，拼装前，首先对围岩5进行修整，不得有欠挖，避免影响预制装配衬砌的拼装空间。然后接长高强螺杆3，将高强螺杆3穿入预制装配衬砌1，定位好后采用高强连接器6进行固定；预制装配衬砌1由下往上拼装，两侧对称进行，最后拼装顶部块；
步骤二：预制装配衬砌1拼装成环后，通过双头临时固定螺柱11接长高强螺杆3，然后在双头临时固定螺柱11上依次安装帘布橡胶板10、临时固定圆环板8，采用垫圈13和临时固定用螺母12进行固定，依次安装直至全环安装完毕，并应将帘布橡胶板10放置好；
步骤三：安装翻板9，采用销轴19将翻板9固定在与临时固定圆环板8相连的固定板17上，依次安装，直至全环安装完成，并应将翻板9放置好；
步骤四：通过预留在预制装配衬砌1上的预埋注浆管4进行背后注浆。一般注浆应可两次进行。初次注浆时，一般应掺加早强剂，并使浆液具有透水性，严格控制注浆压力，保证初次注浆后能充分支撑预制装配衬砌1即可。在浆液强度满足要求后，可拆除临时预埋圆环板等临时注浆辅助件，进行下一环预制装配衬砌1的拼装。初次注浆后，应允许围岩有一定的变形，注浆体可承受一定的变形能力。
步骤五：预制装配衬砌1拼装一段长度后，根据需要必要时进行二次补充注浆，保证预制装配衬砌1与围岩5之间的密实性。
本发明的内容不限于实施例所列举，本领域普通技术人员通过阅 读本发明说明书而对本发明技术方案采取的任何等效的变换，均为本发明的权利要求所涵盖。

Claims (10)

  1. 隧道预制装配衬砌拼装结构，其特征在于：
    所述拼装结构的预制装配衬砌(1)由纵向分为多环、再环向辐射分为多片的预制装配衬砌弧板拼接组成；
    预制装配衬砌弧板上设置有纵向贯通的预留孔洞(18)，预留孔洞(18)内插入高强螺杆(3)，纵向相邻的两片预制装配衬砌弧板上的高强螺杆(3)通过对接处设置的高强连接器(6)相连接，使得纵向相邻的两片预制装配衬砌弧板得以拼接。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的隧道预制装配衬砌拼装结构，其特征在于：
    预制装配衬砌弧板上设置有垂直于环向并贯通的预埋注浆管(4)。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的隧道预制装配衬砌拼装结构，其特征在于：
    预制装配衬砌弧板纵向端面的预留孔洞(18)洞口设置凹槽，连接纵向两段高强螺杆(3)的高强连接器(6)为螺母或带螺纹的套筒，螺母或带螺纹的套筒位于凹槽内，使得纵向相邻的两片预制装配衬砌弧板紧密拼接。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的隧道预制装配衬砌拼装结构，其特征在于：
    高强连接器(6)内侧设置钢板衬垫(7)。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的隧道预制装配衬砌拼装结构，其特征在于：
    预制装配衬砌(1)环向端面上环周设置有封堵隧道开挖轮廓线(15)与预制装配衬砌(1)之间间隙的注浆辅助封堵结构，注浆辅助封堵结构包括环向布置的多片临时固定圆环板(8)和帘布橡胶板(10)；
    帘布橡胶板(10)一端贴附于预制装配衬砌弧板的纵向端面，外侧压覆临时固定圆环板(8)并通过临时固定螺柱、垫圈(13)和临时固定用螺母(12)固定，帘布橡胶板(10)的另一端压覆在隧道开挖轮廓线(15)与预制装配衬砌(1)之间的间隙外。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的隧道预制装配衬砌拼装结构，其特征在于：
    临时固定圆环板(8)的纵向外端设置有翻板(9)，翻板(9)位于帘布橡胶板(10)外侧。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的隧道预制装配衬砌拼装结构，其特征在于：
    翻板(9)通过固定板(17)和销轴(19)安装到临时固定圆环板(8)上；
    固定板(17)顶端固结到临时固定圆环板(8)上，底端设置有横向的销套(16)；
    翻板(9)顶端两侧也设置有销套(16)并位于固定板(17)的销套(16)两侧，通过插入销轴(19)相连接。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的隧道预制装配衬砌拼装结构，其特征在于：
    销轴(19)端部设置有开口销孔(20)并设置有开口销(21)。
  9. 根据权利要求5所述的隧道预制装配衬砌拼装结构，其特征在于：
    临时固定圆环板(8)的临时固定螺柱为双头临时固定螺柱(11)，其内侧与预制装配衬砌弧板上的高强螺杆(3)通过对接处的高强连接器(6)固定连接。
  10. 如权利要求1所述的隧道预制装配衬砌拼装结构的施工方法，其特征在于：
    包括以下步骤：
    步骤一：隧道开挖距离掌子面一定距离后，开始拼装预制装配衬砌(1)，拼装前，首先对围岩(5)进行修整，然后接长高强螺杆(3)，将高强螺杆(3)穿入预制装配衬砌(1)，定位好后采用高强连接器(6)进行固定；预制装配衬砌(1)由下往上拼装，两侧对称进行，最后拼装顶部块；
    步骤二：预制装配衬砌(1)拼装成环后，通过双头临时固定螺柱(11)接长高强螺杆(3)，然后在双头临时固定螺柱(11)上依次安装帘布橡胶板(10)、临时固定圆环板(8)，采用垫圈(13)和临时固定用螺母(12)进行固定，依次安装直至全环安装完毕，并应将帘布橡胶板(10)放置好；
    步骤三：安装翻板(9)，采用销轴(19)将翻板(9)固定在与 临时固定圆环板(8)相连的固定板(17)上，依次安装，直至全环安装完成，并应将翻板(9)放置好；
    步骤四：通过预留在预制装配衬砌(1)上的预埋注浆管(4)进行背后注浆，在浆液强度满足要求后，拆除注浆辅助封堵结构，进行下一环预制装配衬砌(1)的拼装。
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CN117948166B (zh) * 2024-03-27 2024-06-11 中铁第六勘察设计院集团有限公司 一种隧道管片预埋套管及其快速装配方法
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