WO2020024244A1 - 液晶显示装置 - Google Patents
液晶显示装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2020024244A1 WO2020024244A1 PCT/CN2018/098454 CN2018098454W WO2020024244A1 WO 2020024244 A1 WO2020024244 A1 WO 2020024244A1 CN 2018098454 W CN2018098454 W CN 2018098454W WO 2020024244 A1 WO2020024244 A1 WO 2020024244A1
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- viewing angle
- voltage
- common electrode
- signal line
- display panel
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/1323—Arrangements for providing a switchable viewing angle
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- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/13306—Circuit arrangements or driving methods for the control of single liquid crystal cells
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- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to the technical field of liquid crystal displays, and in particular, to a liquid crystal display device.
- Liquid crystal display devices have the advantages of good image quality, small size, light weight, low driving voltage, low power consumption, no radiation, and relatively low manufacturing costs, and they dominate the field of flat panel displays.
- the liquid crystal display device includes a display panel, a driving circuit for driving the display panel, and a backlight module for providing a backlight source.
- the driving circuit includes a gamma voltage generating circuit to provide a plurality of gamma voltages to the source driver, so that the source driver outputs a plurality of data signals to corresponding pixel units in the display panel. Each gray level of the display panel corresponds to a gamma voltage.
- the existing gamma voltage generating circuit can only generate a set of gamma voltages. Group gamma voltage will cause display deviation and cannot meet the screen display requirements of different display modes.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an entire circuit of a liquid crystal display device in a first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the display panel in FIG. 4 along line A-A.
- FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a voltage waveform of the display panel in FIG. 7 during a wide viewing angle display.
- FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram of voltage waveforms of the display panel in FIG. 16 during wide-angle display.
- FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram of driving waveforms of the display panel in FIG. 16 during wide-angle display.
- FIG. 22 is a schematic structural diagram of a single pixel unit of the display panel in FIG. 21.
- Fig. 23 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line B-B in Fig. 22.
- the display panel 50 includes an array substrate 20, a color filter substrate 30 disposed opposite the array substrate 20, and a liquid crystal layer 40 located between the array substrate 20 and the color filter substrate 30.
- the array substrate 20 is provided with a plurality of scan lines 21 and a plurality of data lines 22.
- the plurality of scanning lines 21 and the plurality of data lines 22 are insulated and crossed to define a plurality of pixel units P arranged in an array.
- a pixel electrode 23 and a thin film transistor 26 are provided in each pixel unit P.
- the gate of the thin film transistor 26 is connected to the scanning line 21, the source of the thin film transistor 26 is connected to the data line 22, and the drain of the thin film transistor 26 is connected to the pixel electrode 23.
- the array substrate 20 is further provided with a plurality of common electrode strips 24 arranged in parallel at intervals, and each of the common electrode strips 24 extends along the scanning line 21 direction.
- the plurality of common electrode strips 24 include a plurality of first common electrode strips 24 a and a plurality of second common electrode strips 24 b.
- the plurality of first common electrode strips 24 a and the plurality of second common electrode strips 24 b are in the direction of the data line 22. Alternate setting.
- each common electrode strip 24 covers one row of pixel units P, the plurality of first common electrode strips 24a respectively cover pixel units P located in odd rows, and the plurality of second common electrode strips 24b respectively cover even pixels. Pixel unit P of the row.
- the pixel electrode 23 and the common electrode strip 24 are located on different layers on the array substrate 20 with an insulating layer 29 interposed therebetween.
- the pixel electrode 23 may be positioned above the common electrode strip 24 so that the liquid crystal display device forms an edge.
- Electric field switching (Fringe, Field, Switching, FFS) architecture During normal display of the liquid crystal display device, a fringe electric field is generated between the common electrode strip 24 and the pixel electrode 23, so that the liquid crystal molecules are rotated in a plane substantially parallel to the substrate to obtain a wider viewing angle.
- the color filter substrate 30 is provided with a color resist layer 31, a black matrix (BM) 32 and an upper electrode 33.
- the color resist layer 31 is, for example, R, G, or B color resists.
- the upper electrode 33 may be a planar electrode on the entire surface, that is, the entire surface of the upper electrode 33 covers the display area.
- the color filter substrate 30 may further be provided with a flat layer 35, and the color resist layer 31 and the black matrix 32 are disposed on the surface of the color filter substrate 30 facing the liquid crystal layer 40.
- the flat layer 35 covers the color resist layer 32 and the black matrix 31.
- the upper electrode 33 is formed on the flat layer 35.
- Each second common electrode bar 24b is connected to the first signal line 201, the second signal line 202, the third signal line 203, the fourth signal line 204, and a corresponding scanning line 21 through a second selector 27b.
- the first signal line 201, the second signal line 202, the third signal line 203, the fourth signal line 204, and the plurality of selectors 27a, 27b may be disposed in a non-display area of the display panel 50.
- the second path terminal of the second switching element T2 is connected to the control terminal of the fourth switching element T4 and connected to the second node Q2.
- a via terminal is connected to the third signal line 203
- a first via terminal of the fourth switching element T4 is connected to the fourth signal line 204
- a second via terminal of the third switching element T3 and a second via terminal of the fourth switching element T4
- the first storage capacitor Cst1 Q1 is connected to the first node
- a second storage capacitor Cst2 Q2 is connected to the second node.
- the first path end of the first switching element T1 is connected to the first signal line 201, and the first path end of the second switching element T2 is connected to the second signal line 202;
- the first path end of the first switching element T1 is connected to the second signal line 202, and the first path end of the second switching element T2 is connected to the first signal line 201.
- the first switching element T1, the second switching element T2, the third switching element T3, and the fourth switching element T4 may be a transistor, the control terminal is a gate, and one of the first path terminal and the second path terminal is a source. The other is the drain.
- the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 40 are positive liquid crystal molecules, and the positive liquid crystal molecules have the advantage of fast response.
- the positive liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 40 assume a flat lying posture substantially parallel to the substrates 20 and 30, that is, the positive liquid crystal molecules.
- the long-axis direction of is substantially parallel to the surfaces of the substrates 20 and 30.
- the positive liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 40 and the substrates 20 and 30 may have a small initial pretilt angle, and the range of the initial pretilt angle may be less than or equal to 10 degrees, that is, 0 ° ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 10 °.
- the gamma voltage generating circuit 64 includes a first resistor string and a second resistor string, wherein the first resistor string is used to generate a first group of gamma voltages Gamma1 and the second resistor string is used to generate a first resistor string Gamma1. Two sets of gamma voltage Gamma2.
- Each resistor string includes a plurality of resistors. A first end of the resistor string receives a reference voltage, and a second end of the resistor string is grounded, so that each resistor string obtains a group of gamma voltages by dividing a plurality of resistors.
- the gamma voltage generating circuit 64 includes a gamma chip, and the gamma chip is used to generate a first group of gamma voltages Gamma1 or a second group of gamma voltages Gamma2, respectively.
- the gamma chip When the display panel 50 is for a wide viewing angle display, the gamma chip outputs a first group of gamma voltages Gamma1; when the display panel 50 is for a narrow viewing angle display, the gamma chip outputs a second group of gamma voltages Gamma2.
- the upper electrode 33 may be conducted from the color film substrate 30 to the array substrate 20 through a conductive adhesive 70 in a peripheral non-display area from a viewing angle.
- the control voltage generating circuit 63 provides a DC reference voltage Vref to the array substrate 20, and the array substrate 20 applies the DC reference voltage Vref to the upper electrode 33 of the color filter substrate 30 through the conductive adhesive 70.
- the viewing angle control voltage generating circuit 63 outputs a DC reference voltage Vref, a first AC control voltage V1, a second AC control voltage V2, and a first to the display panel 50.
- the DC voltage Vcom_L and the second DC voltage Vcom_H, the first AC control voltage V1 and the second AC control voltage V2 are inversely symmetric with respect to the DC reference voltage Vref, and the first DC voltage Vcom_L and the second DC voltage Vcom_H are both opposite to the DC reference voltage Vref is equal.
- G (2N-1) represents the scanning driving signal applied to the scanning line 21 at the odd position
- G (2N) represents the scanning driving signal applied to the scanning line 21 at the even position
- V Q1 represents the first The voltage of one node Q1
- V Q2 represents the voltage of the second node Q2
- Vcom1 represents the first common voltage waveform charged on each first common electrode strip 24a
- Vcom2 represents the voltage charged on each second common electrode strip 24b The second common voltage waveform.
- the driving method of the frame of the N + 2 frame is the same as that of the frame of the N frame, and so on.
- Cst1 and Cst2 serve as storage capacitors, and their functions are to maintain the voltages at Q1 and Q2 nodes when scan line 21 is closed and T1 and T2 are closed, respectively, and to maintain the open or closed states of T3 and T4.
- the viewing angle control voltage generating circuit 63 outputs a DC reference voltage Vref, a first AC control voltage V1, a second AC control voltage V2, and a first to the display panel 50.
- the DC voltage Vcom_L and the second DC voltage Vcom_H, the first AC control voltage V1 and the second AC control voltage V2 are inversely symmetrical with respect to the DC reference voltage Vref, the first DC voltage Vcom_L is lower than the DC reference voltage Vref, and the second DC voltage Vcom_H is higher than the DC reference voltage Vref.
- the first signal line 201 applies a first AC control voltage V1
- the second signal line 202 applies a second AC control voltage V2
- the third signal line 203 applies a first DC voltage Vcom_L
- the fourth signal line 204 applies a second DC voltage Vcom_H.
- the viewing angle control voltage generating circuit 63 outputs a first common to the plurality of first common electrode bars 24a through the plurality of first selectors 27a, respectively.
- the voltage Vcom1 and the second common voltage Vcom2 are respectively output to the plurality of second common electrode bars 24b through the plurality of second selectors 27b.
- G (2N-1) represents the scanning driving signal applied to the scanning line 21 at the odd position
- G (2N) represents the scanning driving signal applied to the scanning line 21 at the even position
- V Q1 represents the first The voltage of one node Q1, V Q2 represents the voltage of the second node Q2, Vcom1 represents the first common voltage waveform charged on each first common electrode strip 24a, and Vcom2 represents the voltage charged on each second common electrode strip 24b The second common voltage waveform.
- the first common voltage Vcom_L is lower than the direct reference voltage Vref and the second direct voltage Vcom_H is higher than the direct reference voltage Vref. Therefore, the first common voltages output to the plurality of first common electrode bars 24a Both Vcom1 and the second common voltage Vcom2 output to the plurality of second common electrode bars 24b have opposite polarities and have a large voltage difference with respect to the DC reference voltage Vref, so that all common electrode bars on the array substrate 20 There is a certain voltage difference between 24 and the upper electrode 33 of the color filter substrate 30, and a strong vertical electric field E will be generated between the array substrate 20 and the color filter substrate 30 in the liquid crystal cell (as shown by the arrow in FIG.
- the DC reference voltage Vref applied to the upper electrode 33 is constant. Therefore, by controlling the magnitudes of the first DC voltage Vcom_L and the second DC voltage Vcom_H, the control display panel 50 can be switched between a wide viewing angle and a narrow viewing angle.
- the display panel 50 When the first DC voltage Vcom_L and the second DC voltage Vcom_H are equal to the DC reference voltage Vref, the display panel 50 realizes a wide viewing angle display; when the first DC voltage Vcom_L is lower than the DC reference voltage Vref, the second DC voltage Vcom_H is higher than DC When the reference voltage Vref causes a certain voltage difference between the first DC voltage Vcom_L and the DC reference voltage Vref and between the second DC voltage Vcom_H and the DC reference voltage Vref, the display panel 50 realizes a narrow viewing angle display.
- each pixel unit P in each row is separately connected to two scanning lines 21 on the upper and lower sides of the pixel unit P in the row, and the common electrode bar 24 of each row passes a corresponding selector.
- 27 is connected to the scanning line 21 below the pixel unit P of the row, but is not limited thereto.
- the common electrode bar 24 of each row may also be connected to the scanning line 21 on the upper side of the pixel unit P of the row through a corresponding selector 27 (not shown).
- each pixel unit P in the second row is only connected to the data lines 22 (ie, D2, D4, D6, etc.) of the even position.
- Each pixel unit P in the second row is charged only through the data line 22 in the even position.
- the pixel units P in the other even rows are also charged only through the data line 22 in the even column.
- the polarity of the data voltage (Vdata) applied to each data line 22 can be maintained in the same frame. For example, data with a positive polarity is applied through the data lines 22 (ie, D1, D3, D5, etc.) at odd positions.
- each of the common electrode strips 24 is connected to a scanning line 21 through a selector 27a, 27b.
- the selectors 27a, 27b When the scanning line 21 of each row is turned on, the common electrode strips covering the pixel units P of each row are selected by the selectors 27a, 27b. 24 is charged with a common voltage, so that each common electrode strip 24 is independently given a voltage signal during pixel scanning, thereby improving the problems of display unevenness (mura) and flicker (flicker) in the display panel 50 caused by the capacitive coupling effect and improving Screen display quality.
- the frame rate of the display panel 50 can be maintained at 60 Hz, which makes driving simple and has low logic power consumption.
- the viewing angle control voltage generating circuit 63 is configured to output a DC reference voltage Vref, a first control voltage V3 and a second control voltage V4 to the display panel 50.
- the first signal line 201 applies a first control voltage V3
- the second signal line 202 applies a second control voltage V4.
- the viewing angle control voltage generating circuit 63 outputs the first common voltage Vcom1 to the plurality of first common electrode bars 24a through the plurality of first switches 25a, respectively.
- a second common voltage Vcom2 to the plurality of second common electrode bars 24b through the plurality of second switches 25b, respectively.
- G (2N-1) represents the scanning driving signal applied on the scanning line 21 at the odd position
- G (2N) represents the scanning driving signal applied on the scanning line 21 at the even position
- Vcom1 represents charging each A first common voltage waveform on a common electrode strip 24a
- Vcom2 represents a second common voltage waveform charged on each second common electrode strip 24b.
- the plurality of scanning lines 21 are insulated from the plurality of data lines 22 and the plurality of common lines 210 to form a plurality of pixel units P. There are two columns of pixel units P between two adjacent sets of data lines 22 and a common line 210 between the two columns of pixel units P.
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Abstract
一种液晶显示装置,包括视角可切换的显示面板(50)和用于驱动显示面板(50)的驱动电路(60)。显示面板(50)可在宽视角与窄视角之间进行切换。驱动电路(60)包括显示控制单元(61)、视角控制单元(62)、视角控制电压产生电路(63)、伽马电压产生电路(64)、源极驱动器(65)和栅极驱动器(66)。视角控制单元(62)与显示控制单元(61)、视角控制电压产生电路(63)及伽马电压产生电路连接(64)。源极驱动器(65)与显示控制单元(61)及伽马电压产生电路(64)连接。栅极驱动器(66)与显示控制单元(61)连接。显示控制单元(61)用于控制显示面板(50)实现画面显示。视角控制单元(62)用于控制显示面板(50)在宽视角显示与窄视角显示之间进行切换。
Description
本发明涉及液晶显示的技术领域,特别是涉及一种液晶显示装置。
液晶显示装置(liquid crystal display,LCD)具有画质好、体积小、重量轻、低驱动电压、低功耗、无辐射和制造成本相对较低的优点,在平板显示领域占主导地位。
液晶显示装置包括显示面板、用于驱动显示面板的驱动电路、用于提供背光源的背光模组等结构。其中,驱动电路包括有伽马(gamma)电压产生电路,以提供多个伽马电压至源极驱动器,从而使源极驱动器输出多个数据信号至显示面板中对应的像素单元。显示面板的每一阶灰阶对应一伽马电压。
随着科学技术的进步,用户对于分享性资料及机密性资料具有不同的视觉需求,单一视角模式的显示装置已经不能满足使用者的需求,液晶显示装置最好拥有自身在宽窄视角模式之间转换的能力,当使用者需要共享信息时,使用宽视角模式;当使用者想要保护显示信息时,使用窄视角模式。
由于液晶显示装置经常需要在不同的显示模式下进行显示,如宽视角、窄视角等模式,但是现有的伽马电压产生电路只能产生一组伽马电压,而在不同显示模式下使用一组伽马电压会导致显示偏差,无法满足不同显示模式的画面显示需求。
近些年来,业界开始提出利用彩色滤光片基板一侧的视角控制电极给液晶分子施加一个垂直电场,来实现宽窄视角切换。请参图1与图2,液晶显示装置包括上基板11、下基板12和位于上基板11与下基板12之间的液晶层13,上基板11设有视角控制电极111,下基板12设有公共电极121和像素电 极122。如图1所示,在宽视角显示时,上基板11的视角控制电极111不给电压,液晶显示装置实现宽视角显示。如图2所示,当需要窄视角显示时,上基板11的视角控制电极111给较大幅值的电压,液晶层13中的液晶分子会因为垂直方向电场E(如图中箭头所示)而翘起,液晶显示装置因为漏光而对比度降低,最终实现窄视角。
由于视角控制电极111为整面的平面电极,即视角控制电极111整面覆盖面板内的所有像素单元,视角控制电极111上的电压发生变化时,会通过电容耦合作用,使面板内已完成充电的像素电极122处于电荷保持状态下的像素电压发生改变,使显示面板容易发生显示不均(mura)和闪烁(flicker)等问题。而业界为了解决该问题,通常将显示面板的帧频(frame frequency)增大一倍(即从60Hz提高到120Hz),以达到减轻画面的闪烁,但是这样会导致驱动变得特殊和复杂,而且逻辑功耗也会增加。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种液晶显示装置,可以实现不同场合的宽窄视角切换,解决现有视角可切换的显示装置在不同显示模式下出现显示偏差,以及在窄视角模式下容易出现画面显示不均和闪烁的问题。
本发明实施例提供一种液晶显示装置,包括视角可切换的显示面板和用于驱动该显示面板的驱动电路,该驱动电路包括显示控制单元、视角控制单元、视角控制电压产生电路、伽马电压产生电路、源极驱动器和栅极驱动器,该视角控制单元与该显示控制单元、该视角控制电压产生电路及该伽马电压产生电路连接,该源极驱动器与该显示控制单元及该伽马电压产生电路连接,该栅极驱动器与该显示控制单元连接,该视角控制单元用于接收视角切换信号,该伽马电压产生电路用于向该源极驱动器输出伽马电压,该视角控制电压产生电路用于向该显示面板输出直流参考电压、第一交流控制电压、第二交流控制电压、第一直流电压和第二直流电压;当该显示面板为宽视角显示 时,该伽马电压产生电路向该源极驱动器输出第一组伽马电压,该第一交流控制电压和该第二交流控制电压为相对该直流参考电压呈反相对称,该第一直流电压和该第二直流电压均与该直流参考电压相等;当该显示面板为窄视角显示时,该伽马电压产生电路向该源极驱动器输出第二组伽马电压,该第一交流控制电压和该第二交流控制电压为相对该直流参考电压呈反相对称,该第一直流电压低于该直流参考电压,该第二直流电压高于该直流参考电压。
本发明实施例提供一种液晶显示装置,包括视角可切换的显示面板和用于驱动该显示面板的驱动电路,该驱动电路包括显示控制单元、视角控制单元、视角控制电压产生电路、伽马电压产生电路、源极驱动器和栅极驱动器,该视角控制单元与该显示控制单元、该视角控制电压产生电路及该伽马电压产生电路连接,该源极驱动器与该显示控制单元及该伽马电压产生电路连接,该栅极驱动器与该显示控制单元连接,该视角控制单元用于接收视角切换信号,该伽马电压产生电路用于向该源极驱动器输出伽马电压,该视角控制电压产生电路用于向该显示面板输出直流参考电压、第一控制电压和第二控制电压;当该显示面板为宽视角显示时,该伽马电压产生电路向该源极驱动器输出第一组伽马电压,该第一控制电压和该第二控制电压均为直流电压且与该直流参考电压相等;当该显示面板为窄视角显示时,该伽马电压产生电路向该源极驱动器输出第二组伽马电压,该第一控制电压和该第二控制电压均为交流电压且相对该直流参考电压呈反相对称。
本发明实施例提供的液晶显示装置,可以形成两组相互独立的伽马电压,并可以根据显示面板的不同显示模式,即在宽视角模式和窄视角模式下,向显示面板输出不同组的伽马电压,使液晶显示装置在不同显示模式下均能达到较好的显示效果,解决了现有视角可切换的显示装置在不同显示模式下使用同一组伽马电压会出现显示偏差的问题。
本发明实施例提供的液晶显示装置,通过将控制视角切换的电压从彩膜基板侧的视角控制电极转到阵列基板侧的公共电极来实现,而且阵列基板上 的公共电极被切割为多个相互独立的公共电极条(或公共电极块),当每一行扫描线打开时,各个公共电极条(或公共电极块)在像素扫描时被独立地赋予电压信号,从而改善由于电容耦合效应引起的显示面板内显示不均(mura)和闪烁(flicker)的问题,提升画面显示质量,显示面板的帧频可以维持在60Hz,使驱动变得简单,而且逻辑功耗低。
图1为现有一种液晶显示装置在宽视角模式下的截面示意图。
图2为图1中液晶显示装置在窄视角模式下的截面示意图。
图3为本发明第一实施例中液晶显示装置的整体电路示意图。
图4为图3中液晶显示装置的显示面板的电路示意图。
图5为图4中显示面板上的公共电极条的平面结构示意图。
图6为图4中显示面板上的第一选择器和第二选择器的电路示意图。
图7为图4中显示面板沿着A-A线的截面示意图。
图8为图7中显示面板在宽视角显示时的电压波形示意图。
图9a为图4中显示面板在宽视角显示时第一选择器的驱动波形示意图。
图9b为图4中显示面板在宽视角显示时第二选择器的驱动波形示意图。
图10为图7中显示面板在窄视角模式显示时的示意图。
图11为图10中显示面板在窄视角显示时的电压波形示意图。
图12a为图4中显示面板在窄视角显示时第一选择器的驱动波形示意图。
图12b为图4中显示面板在窄视角显示时第二选择器的驱动波形示意图。
图13a至图13b为图3中液晶显示装置的平面结构示意图。
图14为图3中液晶显示装置的另一种平面结构示意图。
图15为本发明第二实施例中液晶显示装置的整体电路示意图。
图16为图15中液晶显示装置的显示面板的一种电路示意图。
图17为图16中显示面板在宽视角显示时的电压波形示意图。
图18为图16中显示面板在宽视角显示时的驱动波形示意图。
图19为图16中显示面板在窄视角显示时的电压波形示意图。
图20为图16中显示面板在窄视角显示时的驱动波形示意图。
图21为图15中液晶显示装置的显示面板的另一种电路示意图。
图22为图21中显示面板的单个像素单元的结构示意图。
图23为图22中沿着B-B线的截面示意图。
图24为图15中液晶显示装置的显示面板的又一种电路示意图。
为更进一步阐述本发明为达成预定发明目的所采取的技术手段及功效,以下结合附图及实施例,对本发明的具体实施方式详细说明如下。
第一实施例
请参图3,本发明第一实施例提供的液晶显示装置包括视角可切换的显示面板50和用于驱动显示面板50的驱动电路60。显示面板50可在宽视角(wide viewing angle,WVA)与窄视角(narrow viewing angle,NVA)之间进行切换。驱动电路60包括显示控制单元61、视角控制单元62、视角控制电压产生电路63、伽马电压产生电路64、源极驱动器65和栅极驱动器66。视角控制单元62与显示控制单元61、视角控制电压产生电路63及伽马电压产生电路64连接,源极驱动器65与显示控制单元61及伽马电压产生电路64连接,栅极驱动器66与显示控制单元61连接。
请参图4、图5和图7,显示面板50包括阵列基板20、与阵列基板20相对设置的彩膜基板30及位于阵列基板20与彩膜基板30之间的液晶层40。
阵列基板20上设有多条扫描线21和多条数据线22。多条扫描线21与多条数据线22绝缘交叉限定形成呈阵列排布的多个像素单元P。每个像素单元P内设有一个像素电极23和一个薄膜晶体管26。薄膜晶体管26的栅极与扫描线21连接,薄膜晶体管26的源极与数据线22连接,薄膜晶体管26的 漏极与像素电极23连接。
栅极驱动器66与各条扫描线21相连,栅极驱动器66用于给各条扫描线21提供扫描驱动信号。源极驱动器65与各条数据线22相连,源极驱动器65用于给各条数据线22提供数据驱动电压。
阵列基板20上还设有平行间隔排列的多个公共电极条24,每个公共电极条24沿着扫描线21方向延伸。该多个公共电极条24包括多个第一公共电极条24a和多个第二公共电极条24b,该多个第一公共电极条24a和该多个第二公共电极条24b在数据线22方向上交替设置。本实施例中,每个公共电极条24对应覆盖一行像素单元P,该多个第一公共电极条24a分别覆盖位于奇数行的像素单元P,该多个第二公共电极条24b分别覆盖位于偶数行的像素单元P。
本实施例中,像素电极23和公共电极条24在阵列基板20上位于不同层且两者之间夹设有绝缘层29,像素电极23可位于公共电极条24上方,使液晶显示装置形成边缘电场切换型(Fringe Field Switching,FFS)的架构。液晶显示装置在正常显示时,公共电极条24和像素电极23之间产生边缘电场,使液晶分子在与基板大致平行的平面内旋转以获得较广的视角。
彩膜基板30上设有色阻层31、黑矩阵(BM)32和上电极33。色阻层31例如为R、G、B色阻。上电极33可以为整面的平面电极,即上电极33整面覆盖显示区。彩膜基板30上还可以设有平坦层35,色阻层31和黑矩阵32设置在彩膜基板30朝向液晶层40一侧的表面上,平坦层35覆盖色阻层32和黑矩阵31,上电极33形成在平坦层35上。
请参图4和图6,阵列基板20上还设有第一信号线201、第二信号线202、第三信号线203、第四信号线204和多个选择器27。该多个选择器27包括多个第一选择器27a和多个第二选择器27b。每个第一公共电极条24a通过一个第一选择器27a与第一信号线201、第二信号线202、第三信号线203、第四信号线204和一条对应的扫描线21连接。每个第二公共电极条24b通过一个 第二选择器27b与第一信号线201、第二信号线202、第三信号线203、第四信号线204和一条对应的扫描线21连接。第一信号线201、第二信号线202、第三信号线203、第四信号线204和该多个选择器27a、27b可以设置在显示面板50的非显示区。
每个第一选择器27a和每个第二选择器27b的结构相同。每个第一选择器27a以及每个第二选择器27b各自均包括第一开关元件T1、第二开关元件T2、第三开关元件T3、第四开关元件T4、第一存储电容Cst1和第二存储电容Cst2,第一开关元件T1的控制端与第二开关元件T2的控制端相连并与对应的扫描线21连接,第一开关元件T1的第一通路端与第一信号线201和第二信号线202的其中之一连接,第二开关元件T2的第一通路端与第一信号线201和第二信号线202的其中另一连接,第一开关元件T1的第二通路端与第三开关元件T3的控制端相连并连接于第一节点Q1,第二开关元件T2的第二通路端与第四开关元件T4的控制端相连并连接于第二节点Q2,第三开关元件T3的第一通路端与第三信号线203连接,第四开关元件T4的第一通路端与第四信号线204连接,第三开关元件T3的第二通路端与第四开关元件T4的第二通路端相连并与对应的公共电极条24连接,第一存储电容Cst1与第一节点Q1连接,第二存储电容Cst2与第二节点Q2连接。
本实施例中,针对每个第一选择器27a,第一开关元件T1的第一通路端与第一信号线201连接,第二开关元件T2的第一通路端与第二信号线202连接;针对每个第二选择器27b,第一开关元件T1的第一通路端与第二信号线202连接,第二开关元件T2的第一通路端与第一信号线201连接。
具体地,第一开关元件T1、第二开关元件T2、第三开关元件T3和第四开关元件T4可以为晶体管,控制端为栅极,第一通路端和第二通路端的其中之一为源极,另一为漏极。
本实施例中,液晶层40中的液晶分子为正性液晶分子,正性液晶分子具备响应快的优点。如图7所示,在初始状态(即显示面板50未施加任何电压 的情形)下,液晶层40内的正性液晶分子呈现与基板20、30基本平行的平躺姿态,即正性液晶分子的长轴方向与基板20、30的表面基本平行。但在实际应用中,液晶层40内的正性液晶分子与基板20、30之间可以具有较小的初始预倾角,初始预倾角的范围可为小于或等于10度,即:0°≦θ≦10°。
请参图3和图4,显示控制单元61可以是时序控制器(Timing Controller,T-CON)。显示控制单元61用于控制显示面板50实现画面显示。具体地,显示控制单元61在对需要显示的数据(display data)进行处理后,显示控制单元61控制栅极驱动器66依次向各扫描线21送出扫描驱动信号,依序将每一行的薄膜晶体管26打开,在每一行的薄膜晶体管26打开时,显示控制单元61控制源极驱动器65通过各数据线22送出数据驱动信号,将一整行的各个像素单元P分别充电到各自所需的电压。当完成对所有扫描线21的扫描和对所有像素单元P的充电时,即实现一帧(frame)画面的显示。然后,重复上述显示过程不断进行画面刷新,画面的刷新频率例如为60Hz(即每秒刷新60次画面),即可实现画面的连续显示。
视角控制单元62可以是MCU(Micro Controller Unit,微控制单元)。视角控制单元62用于控制显示面板50在宽视角显示与窄视角显示之间进行切换。具体地,视角控制单元62用于接收视角切换信号,并根据视角切换信号判断显示面板50的显示模式(宽视角模式还是窄视角模式)。视角切换信号具体可以是一个高低电平信号,例如可以设定该视角切换信号为低电平时,对应显示面板50的宽视角模式;该视角切换信号为高电平时,对应显示面板50的窄视角模式。因此,当视角控制单元62接收到低电平的视角切换信号时,判断为显示面板50需要切换至宽视角模式;当视角控制单元62接收到高电平的视角切换信号时,判断为显示面板50需要切换至窄视角模式。
伽马电压产生电路64用于向源极驱动器65输出伽马电压。当显示面板50为宽视角显示时,伽马电压产生电路64向源极驱动器65输出第一组伽马电压Gamma1。当显示面板50为窄视角显示时,伽马电压产生电路64向源 极驱动器65输出第二组伽马电压Gamma2。第一组伽马电压Gamma1和第二组伽马电压Gamma2为两组不同的伽马电压。
由于伽马电压产生电路64可以形成两组相互独立的伽马电压,并可以根据显示面板50的不同显示模式,即在宽视角模式和窄视角模式下,向显示面板50输出不同组的伽马电压,使液晶显示装置在不同显示模式下均能达到较好的显示效果,解决了现有视角可切换的显示装置在不同显示模式下使用同一组伽马电压会出现显示偏差的问题。
具体地,伽马电压产生电路64可以采用电阻串或伽马芯片来产生所需的不同组伽马电压。
在其中一种实施方式中,伽马电压产生电路64中包括第一电阻串和第二电阻串,其中第一电阻串用于产生第一组伽马电压Gamma1,第二电阻串用于产生第二组伽马电压Gamma2。每个电阻串包括多个电阻,电阻串的第一端接收参考电压,电阻串的第二端接地,从而每个电阻串通过多个电阻的分压,得到一组伽马电压。当显示面板50为宽视角显示时,伽马电压产生电路64利用第一电阻串输出第一组伽马电压Gamma1;当显示面板50为窄视角显示时,伽马电压产生电路64利用第二电阻串输出第二组伽马电压Gamma2。
在另一种实施方式中,伽马电压产生电路64中包括一个伽马芯片,利用伽马芯片分别产生第一组伽马电压Gamma1或第二组伽马电压Gamma2。当显示面板50为宽视角显示时,伽马芯片输出第一组伽马电压Gamma1;当显示面板50为窄视角显示时,伽马芯片输出第二组伽马电压Gamma2。
在又一种实施方式中,伽马电压产生电路64中包括一个电阻串和一个伽马芯片,其中电阻串用于产生第一组伽马电压Gamma1,伽马芯片用于产生第二组伽马电压Gamma2。当显示面板50为宽视角显示时,利用电阻串输出第一组伽马电压Gamma1;当显示面板50为窄视角显示时,利用伽马芯片输出第二组伽马电压Gamma2。
请参图3,视角控制电压产生电路63用于向显示面板50输出直流参考 电压Vref、第一交流控制电压V1、第二交流控制电压V2、第一直流电压Vcom_L和第二直流电压Vcom_H。
更具体地,视角控制电压产生电路63包括电源芯片631、参考电压产生单元632和控制电压产生单元633。参考电压产生单元632与电源芯片631连接,控制电压产生单元633与视角控制单元62及参考电压产生单元632连接。电源芯片631连接3.3V的电源进行供电,参考电压产生单元632用于向显示面板50输出直流参考电压Vref,控制电压产生单元633用于向显示面板50输出第一交流控制电压V1、第二交流控制电压V2、第一直流电压Vcom_L和第二直流电压Vcom_H。
其中,第一交流控制电压V1被施加至第一信号线201,第二交流控制电压V2被施加至第二信号线202,第一直流电压Vcom_L被施加至第三信号线203,第二直流电压Vcom_H被施加至第四信号线204,直流参考电压Vref被施加至上电极33。
具体地,如图7所示,为了给彩膜基板30的上电极33施加电压信号,上电极33在周边非显示区域可通过导电胶70从彩膜基板30导通至阵列基板20,由视角控制电压产生电路63提供直流参考电压Vref至阵列基板20,再由阵列基板20通过导电胶70将直流参考电压Vref施加在彩膜基板30的上电极33。
请参图7与图8,当显示面板50为宽视角显示时,视角控制电压产生电路63向显示面板50输出直流参考电压Vref、第一交流控制电压V1、第二交流控制电压V2、第一直流电压Vcom_L和第二直流电压Vcom_H,第一交流控制电压V1和第二交流控制电压V2为相对直流参考电压Vref呈反相对称,第一直流电压Vcom_L和第二直流电压Vcom_H均与直流参考电压Vref相等。
请结合图6、图9a与图9b,显示面板50为宽视角显示时,第一信号线201施加第一交流控制电压V1,第二信号线202施加第二交流控制电压V2, 第三信号线203施加第一直流电压Vcom_L,第四信号线204施加第二直流电压Vcom_H。通过上述的选择器27,当多条扫描线21分别施加扫描驱动信号时,视角控制电压产生电路63通过该多个第一选择器27a分别向该多个第一公共电极条24a输出第一公共电压Vcom1,以及通过该多个第二选择器27b分别向该多个第二公共电极条24b输出第二公共电压Vcom2。
在图9a与图9b中,G(2N-1)代表奇数位置的扫描线21上施加的扫描驱动信号,G(2N)代表偶数位置的扫描线21上施加的扫描驱动信号,V
Q1代表第一节点Q1的电压,V
Q2代表第二节点Q2的电压,Vcom1代表充入每个第一公共电极条24a上的第一公共电压波形,Vcom2代表充入每个第二公共电极条24b上的第二公共电压波形。
在第N帧画面,针对第一选择器27a,扫描线G(2N-1)输出高电压时,T2被打开,由于V2为高电压,Q2被V2拉高,T4被打开,Vcom_H通过T4输出至第一公共电极条24a;扫描线G(2N-1)关闭时,Q2的高电压被Cst2储存,T4保持开启状态使第一公共电极条24a上充入的第一公共电压更稳定;在此期间,V1为低电压,Q1被V1拉低,T3关闭。
在第N帧画面,针对第二选择器27b,扫描线G(2N)输出高电压时,T1被打开,由于V2为高电压,Q1被V2拉高,T3被打开,Vcom_L通过T3输出至第二公共电极条24b;扫描线G(2N)关闭时,Q1的高电压被Cst1储存,T3保持开启状态使第二公共电极条24b上充入的第二公共电压更稳定;在此期间,V1为低电压,Q2被V1拉低,T4关闭。
在第N+1帧画面,针对第一选择器27a,扫描线G(2N-1)输出高电压时,T1被打开,由于V1为高电压,Q1被V1拉高,T3被打开,Vcom_L通过T3输出至第一公共电极条24a;扫描线G(2N-1)关闭时,Q1的高电压被Cst1储存,T3保持开启状态使第一公共电极条24a上充入的第一公共电压更稳定;在此期间,V2为低电压,Q2被V2拉低,T4关闭。
在第N+1帧画面,针对第二选择器27b,扫描线G(2N)输出高电压时, T2被打开,由于V1为高电压,Q2被V1拉高,T4被打开,Vcom_H通过T4输出至第二公共电极条24b;扫描线G(2N)关闭时,Q2的高电压被Cst2储存,T4保持开启状态使第二公共电极条24b上充入的第二公共电压更稳定;在此期间,V2为低电压,Q1被V2拉低,T3关闭。
第N+2帧画面的驱动方式与在第N帧画面相同,如此循环。
其中,Cst1和Cst2作为储存电容,作用是扫描线21关闭和T1、T2关闭时,分别保持Q1和Q2节点的电压,分别维持T3、T4的打开或关闭状态。
显示面板50为宽视角显示时,由于第一直流电压Vcom_L和第二直流电压Vcom_H均与直流参考电压Vref相等,因此向多个第一公共电极条24a输出的第一公共电压Vcom1以及向多个第二公共电极条24b输出的第二公共电压Vcom2均与直流参考电压Vref相等,使阵列基板20上的所有公共电极条24与彩膜基板30的上电极33之间的电压差为零,液晶层40中液晶分子的倾斜角度几乎不发生变化,仍保持为平躺姿态,因此显示面板50实现宽视角显示。
请参图10与图11,当显示面板50为窄视角显示时,视角控制电压产生电路63向显示面板50输出直流参考电压Vref、第一交流控制电压V1、第二交流控制电压V2、第一直流电压Vcom_L和第二直流电压Vcom_H,第一交流控制电压V1和第二交流控制电压V2为相对直流参考电压Vref呈反相对称,第一直流电压Vcom_L低于直流参考电压Vref,第二直流电压Vcom_H高于直流参考电压Vref。
请结合图6、图12a与图12b,显示面板50为窄视角显示时,第一信号线201施加第一交流控制电压V1,第二信号线202施加第二交流控制电压V2,第三信号线203施加第一直流电压Vcom_L,第四信号线204施加第二直流电压Vcom_H。通过上述的选择器27,当多条扫描线21分别施加扫描驱动信号时,视角控制电压产生电路63通过该多个第一选择器27a分别向该多个第一公共电极条24a输出第一公共电压Vcom1,以及通过该多个第二选择 器27b分别向该多个第二公共电极条24b输出第二公共电压Vcom2。
在图12a与图12b中,G(2N-1)代表奇数位置的扫描线21上施加的扫描驱动信号,G(2N)代表偶数位置的扫描线21上施加的扫描驱动信号,V
Q1代表第一节点Q1的电压,V
Q2代表第二节点Q2的电压,Vcom1代表充入每个第一公共电极条24a上的第一公共电压波形,Vcom2代表充入每个第二公共电极条24b上的第二公共电压波形。
显示面板50为窄视角显示时,由于第一直流电压Vcom_L低于直流参考电压Vref,第二直流电压Vcom_H高于直流参考电压Vref,因此向多个第一公共电极条24a输出的第一公共电压Vcom1以及向多个第二公共电极条24b输出的第二公共电压Vcom2两者的极性相反,且相对于直流参考电压Vref均具有较大的压差,使阵列基板20上的所有公共电极条24与彩膜基板30的上电极33之间存在一定的电压差,在液晶盒中于阵列基板20与彩膜基板30之间会产生较强的垂直电场E(如图10中箭头所示),正性液晶分子在垂直电场E作用下将发生偏转,使液晶分子与基板20、30之间的倾斜角度增大而翘起,液晶分子从平躺姿态变换为倾斜姿态,使显示面板50出现大角度观察漏光,在斜视方向对比度降低且视角变窄,因此显示面板50最终实现窄视角显示。
具体地,显示面板50为窄视角显示时,第一直流电压Vcom_L与直流参考电压Vref之间的电压差以及第二直流电压Vcom_H与直流参考电压Vref之间的电压差例如可以选择大于3V(即|Vcom_L-Vref|≥3V,|Vcom_H-Vref|≥3V),这样使得各个公共电极条24与上电极33之间的电压差大于3V,可以实现较好的窄视角显示效果。
如图8和图11所示,第一交流控制电压V1和第二交流控制电压V2的极性可以每一帧画面反转一次,两者相对直流参考电压Vref呈反相对称关系。第一交流控制电压V1和第二交流控制电压V2的波形可以为方波、正弦波、三角波或锯齿波等,图中示意为方波。另外,每帧画面具有显示时间段t1, 在相邻的两帧画面之间还可以设有空白时间段t2(即blanking time),空白时间段是相邻帧画面中的过渡时间段,第一交流控制电压V1和第二交流控制电压V2可以在空白时间段内进行极性切换。
需要特别说明的是,无论显示面板50是宽视角显示还是窄视角显示,施加至上电极33的直流参考电压Vref均是恒定不变的。因此,通过控制第一直流电压Vcom_L和第二直流电压Vcom_H的大小,即可实现控制显示面板50在宽视角与窄视角之间进行切换。当第一直流电压Vcom_L和第二直流电压Vcom_H均与直流参考电压Vref相等时,显示面板50实现宽视角显示;当第一直流电压Vcom_L低于直流参考电压Vref,第二直流电压Vcom_H高于直流参考电压Vref,使第一直流电压Vcom_L与直流参考电压Vref之间以及第二直流电压Vcom_H与直流参考电压Vref之间均存在一定的电压差时,显示面板50实现窄视角显示。
在显示过程中,显示控制单元61还用于向视角控制单元62输出同步控制信号(STV)。视角控制单元62根据该同步控制信号,控制视角控制电压产生电路63和伽马电压的输出与该同步控制信号进行同步。
如图4所示,本实施例中,每一行中的各个像素单元P分开连接至该行像素单元P上下两侧的两条扫描线21上,每一行的公共电极条24通过对应的选择器27与该行像素单元P下侧的扫描线21连接,但不限于此。例如,在其他实施例中,每一行的公共电极条24也可以通过对应的选择器27与该行像素单元P上侧的扫描线21连接(图未示)。
本实施例中,每一行中的各个像素单元P交替地连接至位于该行像素单元P上下两侧的两条扫描线21上。例如,针对第一行像素单元P,位于奇数位置的各个像素单元P与位于上侧的扫描线G0连接,位于偶数位置的各个像素单元P与位于下侧的扫描线G1连接;针对第二行像素单元P,位于奇数位置的各个像素单元P与位于上侧的扫描线G1连接,位于偶数位置的各个像素单元P与位于下侧的扫描线G2连接;后续每两行重复上述排列。
本实施例中,每一列的各个像素单元P交替地连接至位于该列像素单元P左右两侧的两条数据线22上。例如,针对第一列像素单元P,位于奇数位置的各个像素单元P与位于左侧的数据线D1连接,位于偶数位置的各个像素单元P与位于右侧的数据线D2连接;针对第二列像素单元P,位于奇数位置的各个像素单元P与位于右侧的数据线D3连接,位于偶数位置的各个像素单元P与位于左侧的数据线D2连接;后续每两列重复上述排列。
因此,每个奇数行中的各个像素单元P仅与奇数位置的数据线22连接,每个偶数行中的各个像素单元P仅与偶数位置的数据线22连接,使得各个奇数行的像素单元P仅通过奇数位置的数据线22进行充电,各个偶数行的像素单元P仅通过偶数位置的数据线22进行充电。例如,第一行中的各个像素单元P仅与奇数位置的数据线22(即D1、D3、D5等)连接,使第一行中的各个像素单元P仅通过奇数位置的数据线22进行充电,同样的,其余奇数行的像素单元P也是仅通过奇数列的数据线22进行充电;第二行中的各个像素单元P仅与偶数位置的数据线22(即D2、D4、D6等)连接,使第二行中的各个像素单元P仅通过偶数位置的数据线22进行充电,同样的,其余偶数行的像素单元P也是仅通过偶数列的数据线22进行充电。这样,每条数据线22上施加的数据电压(Vdata)的极性在同一帧画面可以维持不变,例如,通过奇数位置的数据线22(即D1、D3、D5等)施加正极性的数据电压(Vdata+),通过偶数位置的数据线22(即D2、D4、D6等)施加负极性的数据电压(Vdata-),使显示面板50能够实现行反转(row inversion)显示,可以节省功耗。
请参图13a和图13b,液晶显示装置可以设有视角切换按键80。视角切换按键80可以为机械按键(如图13a),也可以为虚拟按键(如图13b,可通过软件进行设定)。当需要切换宽窄视角时,用户可通过视角切换按键80向液晶显示装置发出视角切换信号,视角控制单元62接收该视角切换信号,并根据该视角切换信号判断显示面板50的显示模式(宽视角模式还是窄视角模式)。因此,通过操作视角切换按键80,用户可以轻松实现宽视角与窄视角之 间的切换,具有较强的操作灵活性和方便性。
请参图14,在其他实施方式中,液晶显示装置可以设有侦测传感器90,侦测传感器90与视角控制单元62连接。侦测传感器90用于侦测显示面板50附近是否有人。侦测传感器90的数量可以为多个,分布设在显示面板50的外壳体上。侦测传感器90可以为红外传感器。视角控制单元62可以根据侦测传感器90的侦测结果控制显示面板50自动切换宽窄视角,例如当侦测传感器90侦测到显示面板50附近有人时,向视角控制单元62发送高电平的视角切换信号,视角控制单元62接收到高电平的视角切换信号时,控制显示面板50切换为窄视角模式;当侦测传感器90侦测到显示面板50附近无人时,向视角控制单元62发送低电平的视角切换信号,视角控制单元62接收到低电平的视角切换信号时,控制显示面板50切换为宽视角模式。因此,通过设置侦测传感器90,可以自动切换宽窄视角,无需用户手动切换宽窄视角,提高了用户的使用体验。
本实施例中,通过将控制视角切换的电压从彩膜基板侧的视角控制电极转到阵列基板侧的公共电极来实现,而且阵列基板20上的公共电极被切割为多个相互独立的公共电极条24,每个公共电极条24通过一个选择器27a、27b与一条扫描线21对应连接,当每一行扫描线21打开时,通过选择器27a、27b为覆盖每一行像素单元P的公共电极条24充入公共电压,使各个公共电极条24在像素扫描时被独立地赋予电压信号,从而改善由于电容耦合效应引起的显示面板50内显示不均(mura)和闪烁(flicker)的问题,提升画面显示质量,显示面板50的帧频可以维持在60Hz,使驱动变得简单,而且逻辑功耗低。
第二实施例
请参图15,本发明第二实施例提供的液晶显示装置包括视角可切换的显示面板50和用于驱动显示面板50的驱动电路60。显示面板50可在宽视角与窄视角之间进行切换。驱动电路60包括显示控制单元61、视角控制单元62、视角控制电压产生电路63、伽马电压产生电路64、源极驱动器65和栅 极驱动器66。视角控制单元62与显示控制单元61、视角控制电压产生电路63及伽马电压产生电路64连接,源极驱动器65与显示控制单元61及伽马电压产生电路64连接,栅极驱动器66与显示控制单元61连接。
下面主要描述本实施例与上述第一实施例的区别之处,对于共同的结构不再进行赘述。
请参图15和图16,显示面板50的阵列基板20上还设有第一信号线201、第二信号线202和多个开关25,该多个开关25包括多个第一开关25a和多个第二开关25b,每个第一公共电极条24a通过一个第一开关25a与第一信号线201和一条对应的扫描线21连接,每个第二公共电极条24b通过一个第二开关25b与第二信号线202和一条对应的扫描线21连接。第一信号线201、第二信号线202和该多个开关25a、25b可以设置在显示面板50的非显示区。
每个开关25a、25b包括控制端、第一通路端和第二通路端,每个第一开关25a的控制端与对应的扫描线21连接,每个第一开关25a的第一通路端与第一信号线201连接,每个第一开关25a的第二通路端与对应的第一公共电极条24a连接,每个第二开关25b的控制端与对应的扫描线21连接,每个第二开关25b的第一通路端与第二信号线202连接,每个第二开关25b的第二通路端与对应的第二公共电极条24b连接。该多个开关25a、25b可以为晶体管,控制端为栅极,第一通路端和第二通路端的其中之一为源极,另一为漏极。
请参图15,视角控制电压产生电路63用于向显示面板50输出直流参考电压Vref、第一控制电压V3和第二控制电压V4。
更具体地,视角控制电压产生电路63包括电源芯片631、参考电压产生单元632和控制电压产生单元633。参考电压产生单元632与电源芯片631连接,控制电压产生单元633与视角控制单元62及参考电压产生单元632连接。电源芯片631连接3.3V的电源进行供电,参考电压产生单元632用于向显示面板50输出直流参考电压Vref,控制电压产生单元633用于向显示面板 50输出第一控制电压V3和第二控制电压V4。
其中,第一控制电压V3被施加至第一信号线201,第二控制电压V4被施加至第二信号线202,直流参考电压Vref被施加至上电极33。
请参图17,当显示面板50为宽视角显示时,视角控制电压产生电路63向显示面板50输出直流参考电压Vref、第一控制电压V3和第二控制电压V4,第一控制电压V3和第二控制电压V4均为直流电压且与直流参考电压Vref相等。
请结合图18,显示面板50为宽视角显示时,第一信号线201施加第一控制电压V3,第二信号线202施加第二控制电压V4。通过上述的开关25,当多条扫描线21分别施加扫描驱动信号时,视角控制电压产生电路63通过该多个第一开关25a分别向该多个第一公共电极条24a输出第一公共电压Vcom1,以及通过该多个第二开关25b分别向该多个第二公共电极条24b输出第二公共电压Vcom2。
在图18中,G(2N-1)代表奇数位置的扫描线21上施加的扫描驱动信号,G(2N)代表偶数位置的扫描线21上施加的扫描驱动信号,Vcom1代表充入每个第一公共电极条24a上的第一公共电压波形,Vcom2代表充入每个第二公共电极条24b上的第二公共电压波形。
显示面板50为宽视角显示时,由于第一控制电压V3和第二控制电压V4均为直流电压且与直流参考电压Vref相等,因此向多个第一公共电极条24a输出的第一公共电压Vcom1以及向多个第二公共电极条24b输出的第二公共电压Vcom2均与直流参考电压Vref相等,使阵列基板20上的所有公共电极条24与彩膜基板30的上电极33之间的电压差为零,液晶层40中液晶分子的倾斜角度几乎不发生变化,仍保持为平躺姿态,因此显示面板50实现宽视角显示。
请参图19,当显示面板50为窄视角显示时,视角控制电压产生电路63向显示面板50输出直流参考电压Vref、第一控制电压V3和第二控制电压 V4,第一控制电压V3和第二控制电压V4均为交流电压且相对直流参考电压Vref呈反相对称。
请结合图20,显示面板50为窄视角显示时,第一信号线201施加第一控制电压V3,第二信号线202施加第二控制电压V4。通过上述的开关25,当多条扫描线21分别施加扫描驱动信号时,视角控制电压产生电路63通过该多个第一开关25a分别向该多个第一公共电极条24a输出第一公共电压Vcom1,以及通过该多个第二开关25b分别向该多个第二公共电极条24b输出第二公共电压Vcom2。
在图20中,G(2N-1)代表奇数位置的扫描线21上施加的扫描驱动信号,G(2N)代表偶数位置的扫描线21上施加的扫描驱动信号,Vcom1代表充入每个第一公共电极条24a上的第一公共电压波形,Vcom2代表充入每个第二公共电极条24b上的第二公共电压波形。
显示面板50为窄视角显示时,由于第一控制电压V3和第二控制电压V4均为交流电压且相对直流参考电压Vref呈反相对称,因此向多个第一公共电极条24a输出的第一公共电压Vcom1以及向多个第二公共电极条24b输出的第二公共电压Vcom2两者的极性相反,且相对于直流参考电压Vref均具有较大的压差,使阵列基板20上的所有公共电极条24与彩膜基板30的上电极33之间存在一定的电压差,在液晶盒中于阵列基板20与彩膜基板30之间会产生较强的垂直电场,正性液晶分子在垂直电场作用下将发生偏转,使液晶分子与基板20、30之间的倾斜角度增大而翘起,液晶分子从平躺姿态变换为倾斜姿态,使显示面板50出现大角度观察漏光,在斜视方向对比度降低且视角变窄,因此显示面板50最终实现窄视角显示。
需要特别说明的是,无论显示面板50是宽视角显示还是窄视角显示,施加至上电极33的直流参考电压Vref均是恒定不变的。因此,通过控制第一控制电压V3和第二控制电压V4的大小,即可实现控制显示面板50在宽视角与窄视角之间进行切换。当第一控制电压V3和第二控制电压V4均为直流 电压且与直流参考电压Vref相等时,显示面板50实现宽视角显示;当第一控制电压V3和第二控制电压V4均为交流电压且相对直流参考电压Vref呈反相对称时,显示面板50实现窄视角显示。
本实施例中,通过将控制视角切换的电压从彩膜基板侧的视角控制电极转到阵列基板侧的公共电极来实现,而且阵列基板20上的公共电极被切割为多个相互独立的公共电极条24,每个公共电极条24通过一个开关25a、25b与一条扫描线21对应连接,当每一行扫描线21打开时,通过开关25a、25b为覆盖每一行像素单元P的公共电极条24充入公共电压,使各个公共电极条24在像素扫描时被独立地赋予电压信号,从而改善由于电容耦合效应引起的显示面板50内显示不均(mura)和闪烁(flicker)的问题,提升画面显示质量,显示面板50的帧频可以维持在60Hz,使驱动变得简单,而且逻辑功耗低。
图21为本实施例中显示面板50的另一种电路示意图,请参图21,显示面板50的阵列基板20上设有多条扫描线21、多条数据线22、多条公共线210、多个像素电极23、多个公共电极块28、多个第一薄膜晶体管26a、多个第二薄膜晶体管26b、第一信号线201和第二信号线202。
多条公共线210与多条数据线22沿相同方向延伸。多条公共线210与多条数据线22在扫描线21方向上交替设置,多条数据线22以紧邻设置的每两条为一组形成多组,相邻的两组数据线22之间设有一条公共线210,相邻两条公共线210之间设有一组数据线22。具体地,该多条公共线210和该多条数据线22在阵列基板20上可以位于同一层,并且可以由同一道蚀刻工艺同时制作形成。第一信号线201和第二信号线202可以设置在显示面板50的非显示区。
该多条扫描线21与该多条数据线22及该多条公共线210绝缘交叉限定形成多个像素单元P。相邻的两组数据线22之间设有两列像素单元P且两列像素单元P之间设有一条公共线210。
请结合图22和图23,每个像素单元P内设有一个像素电极23,每个像 素电极23通过第一薄膜晶体管26a与临近第一薄膜晶体管26a的扫描线21和数据线22连接。每个像素单元P内设有一个公共电极块28(即每个公共电极块28对应覆盖一个像素单元P),每个公共电极块28通过第二薄膜晶体管26b与临近第二薄膜晶体管26b的扫描线21和公共线210连接。
具体地,第一薄膜晶体管26a包括栅极261、有源层262、源极263及漏极264,其中栅极261电连接对应的扫描线21,源极263电连接对应的数据线22,漏极264电连接对应的像素电极23。
具体地,第二薄膜晶体管26b包括栅极266、有源层267、源极268及漏极269,其中栅极266电连接对应的扫描线21,源极268电连接对应的公共线210,漏极269电连接对应的公共电极块28。
请参图15和图21,视角控制电压产生电路63用于向显示面板50输出直流参考电压Vref、第一控制电压V3和第二控制电压V4。
其中,位于奇数位置的各条公共线210均与第一信号线201连接,位于偶数位置的各条公共线210均与第二信号线202连接,第一控制电压V3被施加至第一信号线201,第二控制电压V4被施加至第二信号线202,直流参考电压Vref被施加至彩膜基板30的上电极33。
当显示面板50为宽视角显示时,视角控制电压产生电路63向显示面板50输出直流参考电压Vref、第一控制电压V3和第二控制电压V4,第一控制电压V3和第二控制电压V4均为直流电压且与直流参考电压Vref相等。当多条扫描线21分别施加扫描驱动信号时,视角控制电压产生电路63通过第二薄膜晶体管26b分别向与奇数位置的各条公共线210连接的各个公共电极块28输出第一公共电压Vcom1,以及通过第二薄膜晶体管26b分别向与偶数位置的各条公共线210连接的各个公共电极块28输出第二公共电压Vcom2。
显示面板50为宽视角显示时,由于第一控制电压V3和第二控制电压V4均为直流电压与直流参考电压Vref相等,因此向与奇数位置的各条公共线210连接的各个公共电极块28输出的第一公共电压Vcom1以及向与偶数位置的 各条公共线210连接的各个公共电极块28输出的第二公共电压Vcom2均与直流参考电压Vref相等,使阵列基板20上的所有公共电极条24与彩膜基板30的上电极33之间的电压差为零,液晶层40中液晶分子的倾斜角度几乎不发生变化,仍保持为平躺姿态,因此显示面板50实现宽视角显示。
当显示面板50为窄视角显示时,视角控制电压产生电路63向显示面板50输出直流参考电压Vref、第一控制电压V3和第二控制电压V4,第一控制电压V3和第二控制电压V4均为交流电压且相对直流参考电压Vref呈反相对称。当多条扫描线21分别施加扫描驱动信号时,视角控制电压产生电路63通过第二薄膜晶体管26b分别向与奇数位置的各条公共线210连接的各个公共电极块28输出第一公共电压Vcom1,以及通过第二薄膜晶体管26b分别向与偶数位置的各条公共线210连接的各个公共电极块28输出第二公共电压Vcom2。
显示面板50为窄视角显示时,由于第一控制电压V3和第二控制电压V4均为交流电压且相对直流参考电压Vref呈反相对称,因此向与奇数位置的各条公共线210连接的各个公共电极块28输出的第一公共电压Vcom1以及向与偶数位置的各条公共线210连接的各个公共电极块28输出的第二公共电压Vcom2两者的极性相反,且相对于直流参考电压Vref均具有较大的压差,使阵列基板20上的所有公共电极条24与彩膜基板30的上电极33之间存在一定的电压差,在液晶盒中于阵列基板20与彩膜基板30之间会产生较强的垂直电场,正性液晶分子在垂直电场作用下将发生偏转,使液晶分子与基板20、30之间的倾斜角度增大而翘起,液晶分子从平躺姿态变换为倾斜姿态,使显示面板50出现大角度观察漏光,在斜视方向对比度降低且视角变窄,因此显示面板50最终实现窄视角显示。
图24为本实施例中显示面板的又一种电路示意图,图24的显示面板与图21所示的显示面板的区别仅在于,相邻的两组数据线22之间的每两个像素单元P内设有一个公共电极块28(即每个公共电极块28同时覆盖两个像素 单元P)。
本实施例中,通过将控制视角切换的电压从彩膜基板侧的视角控制电极转到阵列基板侧的公共电极来实现,而且阵列基板20上的公共电极被切割为多个相互独立的公共电极块28,每个公共电极块28通过一个第二薄膜晶体管26b与一条扫描线21对应连接,当每一行扫描线21打开时,通过第二薄膜晶体管26b为覆盖各个像素单元P的公共电极块28充入公共电压,使各个公共电极块28在像素扫描时被独立地赋予电压信号,从而改善由于电容耦合效应引起的显示面板50内显示不均(mura)和闪烁(flicker)的问题,提升画面显示质量,显示面板50的帧频可以维持在60Hz,使驱动变得简单,而且逻辑功耗低。
上述实施方式只是本发明的实施例,不是用来限制本发明的实施与权利范围,凡依据本发明专利所申请的保护范围中所述的内容做出的等效变化和修饰,均应包括在本发明的专利保护范围内。
Claims (15)
- 一种液晶显示装置,包括视角可切换的显示面板和用于驱动该显示面板的驱动电路,其特征在于,该驱动电路包括显示控制单元、视角控制单元、视角控制电压产生电路、伽马电压产生电路、源极驱动器和栅极驱动器,该视角控制单元与该显示控制单元、该视角控制电压产生电路及该伽马电压产生电路连接,该源极驱动器与该显示控制单元及该伽马电压产生电路连接,该栅极驱动器与该显示控制单元连接,该视角控制单元用于接收视角切换信号,该伽马电压产生电路用于向该源极驱动器输出伽马电压,该视角控制电压产生电路用于向该显示面板输出直流参考电压、第一交流控制电压、第二交流控制电压、第一直流电压和第二直流电压;当该显示面板为宽视角显示时,该伽马电压产生电路向该源极驱动器输出第一组伽马电压,该第一交流控制电压和该第二交流控制电压为相对该直流参考电压呈反相对称,该第一直流电压和该第二直流电压均与该直流参考电压相等;当该显示面板为窄视角显示时,该伽马电压产生电路向该源极驱动器输出第二组伽马电压,该第一交流控制电压和该第二交流控制电压为相对该直流参考电压呈反相对称,该第一直流电压低于该直流参考电压,该第二直流电压高于该直流参考电压。
- 根据权利要求1所述的液晶显示装置,其特征在于,该视角控制电压产生电路包括电源芯片、参考电压产生单元和控制电压产生单元,该参考电压产生单元与该电源芯片连接,该控制电压产生单元与该视角控制单元及该参考电压产生单元连接,该参考电压产生单元用于向该显示面板输出该直流参考电压,该控制电压产生单元用于向该显示面板输出该第一交流控制电压、该第二交流控制电压、该第一直流电压和该第二直流电压。
- 根据权利要求1所述的液晶显示装置,其特征在于,该显示面板包括阵列基板、与该阵列基板相对设置的彩膜基板以及位于该阵列基板与该彩膜基板之间的液晶层,该阵列基板上设有多条扫描线、多条数据线、多个公共电极条、第一信号线、第二信号线、第三信号线、第四信号线和多个选择器, 每个公共电极条沿着扫描线方向延伸,该多个公共电极条包括多个第一公共电极条和多个第二公共电极条,该多个第一公共电极条和该多个第二公共电极条在数据线方向上交替设置,该多个选择器包括多个第一选择器和多个第二选择器,每个第一公共电极条通过一个第一选择器与该第一信号线、该第二信号线、该第三信号线、该第四信号线和一条对应的扫描线连接,每个第二公共电极条通过一个第二选择器与该第一信号线、该第二信号线、该第三信号线、该第四信号线和一条对应的扫描线连接,该第一信号线用于施加该第一交流控制电压,该第二信号线用于施加该第二交流控制电压,该第三信号线用于施加该第一直流电压,该第四信号线用于施加该第二直流电压,该彩膜基板设有上电极,该上电极用于施加该直流参考电压。
- 根据权利要求3所述的液晶显示装置,其特征在于,每个选择器包括第一开关元件、第二开关元件、第三开关元件、第四开关元件、第一存储电容和第二存储电容,该第一开关元件的控制端与该第二开关元件的控制端相连并与对应的扫描线连接,该第一开关元件的第一通路端与该第一信号线和该第二信号线的其中之一连接,该第二开关元件的第一通路端与该第一信号线和该第二信号线的其中另一连接,该第一开关元件的第二通路端与该第三开关元件的控制端相连并连接于第一节点,该第二开关元件的第二通路端与该第四开关元件的控制端相连并连接于第二节点,该第三开关元件的第一通路端与该第三信号线连接,该第四开关元件的第一通路端与该第四信号线连接,该第三开关元件的第二通路端与该第四开关元件的第二通路端相连并与对应的公共电极条连接,该第一存储电容与该第一节点连接,该第二存储电容与该第二节点连接。
- 根据权利要求4所述的液晶显示装置,其特征在于,针对每个第一选择器,该第一开关元件的第一通路端与该第一信号线连接,该第二开关元件的第一通路端与该第二信号线连接;针对每个第二选择器,该第一开关元件的第一通路端与该第二信号线连接,该第二开关元件的第一通路端与该第一 信号线连接。
- 根据权利要求3所述的液晶显示装置,其特征在于,该阵列基板上由该多条扫描线和该多条数据线绝缘交叉限定形成呈阵列排布的多个像素单元,每个公共电极条对应覆盖一行像素单元。
- 根据权利要求6所述的液晶显示装置,其特征在于,该多个第一公共电极条分别覆盖位于奇数行的像素单元,该多个第二公共电极条分别覆盖位于偶数行的像素单元,每一行中的各个像素单元交替地连接至该行像素单元上下两侧的两条扫描线上,每一列的各个像素单元交替地连接至该列像素单元左右两侧的两条数据线上,每个奇数行中的各个像素单元仅与奇数位置的数据线连接,每个偶数行中的各个像素单元仅与偶数位置的数据线连接。
- 一种液晶显示装置,包括视角可切换的显示面板和用于驱动该显示面板的驱动电路,其特征在于,该驱动电路包括显示控制单元、视角控制单元、视角控制电压产生电路、伽马电压产生电路、源极驱动器和栅极驱动器,该视角控制单元与该显示控制单元、该视角控制电压产生电路及该伽马电压产生电路连接,该源极驱动器与该显示控制单元及该伽马电压产生电路连接,该栅极驱动器与该显示控制单元连接,该视角控制单元用于接收视角切换信号,该伽马电压产生电路用于向该源极驱动器输出伽马电压,该视角控制电压产生电路用于向该显示面板输出直流参考电压、第一控制电压和第二控制电压;当该显示面板为宽视角显示时,该伽马电压产生电路向该源极驱动器输出第一组伽马电压,该第一控制电压和该第二控制电压均为直流电压且与该直流参考电压相等;当该显示面板为窄视角显示时,该伽马电压产生电路向该源极驱动器输出第二组伽马电压,该第一控制电压和该第二控制电压均为交流电压且相对该直流参考电压呈反相对称。
- 根据权利要求8所述的液晶显示装置,其特征在于,该视角控制电压产生电路包括电源芯片、参考电压产生单元和控制电压产生单元,该参考电压产生单元与该电源芯片连接,该控制电压产生单元与该视角控制单元及该 参考电压产生单元连接,该参考电压产生单元用于向该显示面板输出该直流参考电压,该控制电压产生单元用于向该显示面板输出该第一控制电压和该第二控制电压。
- 根据权利要求8所述的液晶显示装置,其特征在于,该显示面板包括阵列基板、与该阵列基板相对设置的彩膜基板以及位于该阵列基板与该彩膜基板之间的液晶层,该阵列基板上设有多条扫描线、多条数据线、多个公共电极条、第一信号线、第二信号线和多个开关,每个公共电极条沿着扫描线方向延伸,该多个公共电极条包括多个第一公共电极条和多个第二公共电极条,该多个第一公共电极条和该多个第二公共电极条在数据线方向上交替设置,该多个开关包括多个第一开关和多个第二开关,每个第一公共电极条通过一个第一开关与该第一信号线和一条对应的扫描线连接,每个第二公共电极条通过一个第二开关与该第二信号线和一条对应的扫描线连接,该第一信号线用于施加该第一控制电压,该第二信号线用于施加该第二控制电压,该彩膜基板设有上电极,该上电极用于施加该直流参考电压。
- 根据权利要求10所述的液晶显示装置,其特征在于,每个第一开关的控制端与对应的扫描线连接,每个第一开关的第一通路端与该第一信号线连接,每个第一开关的第二通路端与对应的第一公共电极条连接;每个第二开关的控制端与对应的扫描线连接,每个第二开关的第一通路端与该第二信号线连接,每个第二开关的第二通路端与对应的第二公共电极条连接。
- 根据权利要求10所述的液晶显示装置,其特征在于,该阵列基板上由该多条扫描线和该多条数据线绝缘交叉限定形成呈阵列排布的多个像素单元,每个公共电极条对应覆盖一行像素单元。
- 根据权利要求12所述的液晶显示装置,其特征在于,该多个第一公共电极条分别覆盖位于奇数行的像素单元,该多个第二公共电极条分别覆盖位于偶数行的像素单元,每一行中的各个像素单元交替地连接至该行像素单元上下两侧的两条扫描线上,每一列的各个像素单元交替地连接至该列像素 单元左右两侧的两条数据线上,每个奇数行中的各个像素单元仅与奇数位置的数据线连接,每个偶数行中的各个像素单元仅与偶数位置的数据线连接。
- 根据权利要求8所述的液晶显示装置,其特征在于,该显示面板包括阵列基板、与该阵列基板相对设置的彩膜基板以及位于该阵列基板与该彩膜基板之间的液晶层,该阵列基板上设有多条扫描线、多条数据线、多个像素电极、多个第一薄膜晶体管、多条公共线、多个公共电极块、多个第二薄膜晶体管、第一信号线和第二信号线,该多条扫描线与该多条数据线及该多条公共线绝缘交叉限定形成呈阵列排布的多个像素单元,每个像素单元内设有一个像素电极,每个像素电极通过第一薄膜晶体管与临近该第一薄膜晶体管的扫描线和数据线连接,每个像素单元内或每相邻两个像素单元内设有一个公共电极块,每个公共电极块通过第二薄膜晶体管与临近该第二薄膜晶体管的扫描线和公共线连接,位于奇数位置的各条公共线均与该第一信号线连接,位于偶数位置的各条公共线均与该第二信号线连接,该第一信号线用于施加该第一控制电压,该第二信号线用于施加该第二控制电压,该彩膜基板设有上电极,该上电极用于施加该直流参考电压。
- 根据权利要求14所述的液晶显示装置,其特征在于,该多条公共线与该多条数据线沿相同方向延伸,该多条公共线与该多条数据线在扫描线方向上交替设置。
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