WO2020020200A1 - 流体压力驱动的压铆装置 - Google Patents

流体压力驱动的压铆装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020020200A1
WO2020020200A1 PCT/CN2019/097413 CN2019097413W WO2020020200A1 WO 2020020200 A1 WO2020020200 A1 WO 2020020200A1 CN 2019097413 W CN2019097413 W CN 2019097413W WO 2020020200 A1 WO2020020200 A1 WO 2020020200A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
piston
riveting
fluid
riveting device
inner cavity
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PCT/CN2019/097413
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
蔡盛保
颜晓飞
谭东昌
华寅
钱金宝
李文超
Original Assignee
宾科精密部件(中国)有限公司
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Application filed by 宾科精密部件(中国)有限公司 filed Critical 宾科精密部件(中国)有限公司
Priority to DE112019003791.9T priority Critical patent/DE112019003791T5/de
Priority to US17/263,558 priority patent/US20210138531A1/en
Publication of WO2020020200A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020020200A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J15/00—Riveting
    • B21J15/10—Riveting machines
    • B21J15/16—Drives for riveting machines; Transmission means therefor
    • B21J15/20—Drives for riveting machines; Transmission means therefor operated by hydraulic or liquid pressure

Definitions

  • the present application relates to riveting technology, and more particularly, to a hydraulic pressure-driven riveting device.
  • Press riveting is a riveting method that uses the static pressure upsetting rivet rod produced by the press to form the head. Pressed riveting parts have the characteristics of good surface quality, small deformation, and high connection strength. Therefore, they are widely used in various mechanical processing fields, such as shipbuilding, automobile manufacturing, aerospace, and white appliances. However, in some processing environments, the internal space of the workpiece to be processed is limited, and the conventional press riveting device usually has a long axial length, so it is not suitable for operation in such a narrow working space.
  • the present application provides a crimping device with a short axial length, which can be adapted to operate in a narrow working space.
  • a fluid pressure driven riveting device which includes a cylinder body having a distal side and a proximal side opposite to each other, and on the distal side and the distal side. Side walls extending axially between the proximal sides, wherein the distal side has an opening; a first piston disposed in the cylinder and defining a first lumen with the proximal side, wherein The first piston has a riveting rod that extends toward the distal side and is aligned with the opening portion; a second piston is disposed in the cylinder and defines a second with the distal side An inner cavity, wherein the second piston has a sleeve portion extending toward the distal end side, the sleeve portion extends at least to the opening portion to close the opening portion, and the sleeve portion is also slidable
  • a fluid pump system which is fluidly connected to the first and second internal cavities, respectively, for supplying or returning to the first and second internal cavities; Suction
  • the force transmitting member includes a spring element, and two ends of the spring element are connected to the first piston and the second piston, respectively.
  • the spring element is a butterfly spring element.
  • the force transmission member includes a third internal cavity defined by the first piston, the second piston, and a side wall of the cylinder, and the fluid pump system is also in fluid connection with the third internal cavity. For supplying or sucking back fluid into the third inner cavity.
  • a pressure regulating valve is provided between the third internal cavity and the fluid pump system, for adjusting the pressure of the fluid in the third internal cavity.
  • an end of the riveting rod is provided with a riveting head.
  • the crimping head is detachably connected to the crimping rod.
  • the sleeve portion is provided with a stop element for limiting the length of the pressing head protruding from the sleeve portion.
  • a seal is provided at a position where the first piston and the second piston are in contact with the surface of the cylinder.
  • the riveting device further includes a displacement sensor connected to the first piston and used to indicate an axial position of the first piston.
  • the fluid pump system includes a fluid pump, and the first inner cavity and the second inner cavity are in fluid communication with each other through the fluid pump.
  • the fluid supplied and recovered by the fluid pump system is hydraulic oil.
  • FIG. 1 to 3 are schematic diagrams of a riveting device 100 according to an embodiment of the present application; wherein, FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the appearance of the riveting device 100; FIG. 2 is a side view of the riveting device 100; FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the crimping device 100 along the AA direction shown in FIG. 2, wherein the crimping device 100 is in an initial state;
  • FIG. 4 to 6 are schematic diagrams of a riveting device 200 according to an embodiment of the present application; wherein, FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the appearance of the riveting device 200; FIG. 5 is a side view of the riveting device 200; It is a cross-sectional view of the crimping device 200 along the AA direction shown in FIG. 5, wherein the crimping device 200 is in an initial state.
  • FIG. 1 to 3 are schematic diagrams of a riveting device 100 according to an embodiment of the present application; wherein, FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the appearance of the riveting device 100; FIG. 2 is a side view of the riveting device 100; It is a cross-sectional view of the crimping device 100 along the AA direction shown in FIG. 2, wherein the crimping device 100 is in an initial state.
  • the riveting device 100 is designed as an automated or semi-automated device, powered by an external power source or a built-in power source, and used to perform a riveting process on a workpiece to be processed.
  • the riveting device 100 includes a cylinder block 101 and a first piston 102 and a second piston 103 provided in the cylinder block 101.
  • the cylinder block 101 has a substantially cylindrical shape, and the first piston 102 and the second piston 103 can move along the axial direction of the cylinder block 101.
  • the cylinder block 101 is mainly composed of a proximal side cylinder head 111 and a distal side cylinder head 112 and a side wall 113 extending between the two cylinder heads.
  • the distal side cylinder head 112 is provided with an opening 114.
  • the side wall 113 is connected to the cylinder heads 111 and / or 112 at both ends by a connection method such as welding or bonding. In some embodiments, the side wall 113 is connected to the cylinder heads 111 and / or 112 at both ends by a detachable connection such as a screw connection or a snap connection. In some embodiments, the side wall 113 is integrally formed with at least one of the cylinder heads 111 and 112. In some embodiments, the shape of the opening portion 114 on the distal-side cylinder head 112 is circular, and in other embodiments, the opening portion 114 may be other shapes, such as a triangle, an oval, or a square.
  • distal end or the distal side described herein refers to the end or side of the pressing riveting device adjacent to the workpiece to be pressed during use
  • proximal end or the proximal side refers to the opposite end or the side.
  • the first piston 102 further has a riveting rod 122 extending to the distal end side, and the riveting rod 122 can be aligned with and pass through the opening portion 114.
  • the riveting rod 122 is connected to the first piston 102 by any applicable connection method, such as welding, bonding, screw connection, and snap connection.
  • the riveting rod 122 is formed integrally with the first piston 102. As shown in FIG.
  • the end of the riveting rod 122 is provided with a riveting head 123, which accompanies the first piston 102 and the riveting rod 122 to move axially along the cylinder 101, thereby directly acting on the riveting to be pressed Work, complete the riveting operation.
  • the riveting head 123 is connected to the riveting rod 122 through a connection method such as welding or bonding, or is integrally formed with the riveting rod 122.
  • the riveting head 123 is connected to the riveting rod 122 by a detachable connection method such as a screw connection or a snap connection, so that the operator can replace the appropriate riveting head as needed to expand the application of the riveting device 100 range.
  • the second piston 103 has a sleeve portion 132 extending to the distal end side, and the sleeve portion 132 extends to contact the opening portion 114, so that the second piston 103 and its sleeve portion 132 and the cylinder
  • the distal-side cylinder head 112 and part of the side wall 113 of the body 101 together define a closed second inner cavity 131.
  • the opening portion 114 may be circular, triangular, oval, square, or other shapes. Therefore, in order to define the closed second inner cavity 131, the shape of the sleeve portion 132 may also be circular, Triangular, oval, square, or other shapes so as to match the opening portion 114.
  • the sleeve portion 132 is formed integrally with the second piston 103 as shown in the figure, in some embodiments, the sleeve portion 132 may also be connected to the second piston 103 by any applicable connection method, such as welding, bonding, Threaded connection and snap connection. As shown, the riveting rod 122 of the first piston 102 is housed in the sleeve portion 132 and can slide axially along the sleeve portion 132.
  • the volume of the first internal cavity 121 may change with the movement of the first piston 102 in the axial direction of the cylinder 101.
  • the volume of the second internal cavity 131 may be accompanied by the movement of the second piston 103 in the axial direction of the cylinder 101.
  • the riveting device 100 shown in FIG. 3 is in its initial state, that is, a state where the riveting operation has not started or after a single riveting operation has been performed.
  • the first piston 102 and the second piston 103 are relatively close to the proximal-side cylinder head 111, so that the volume of the first inner cavity 121 is small and the volume of the second inner cavity 131 is large.
  • the riveting device 100 starts to perform the riveting operation, with the movement of the first piston 102 and the second piston 103 toward the distal side, the volume of the first inner cavity 121 gradually increases and the volume of the second inner cavity 131 gradually increases. Get smaller.
  • a spring element 104 is provided between the first piston 102 and the second piston 103. Two ends of the spring element 104 are connected to the first piston 102 and the second piston 103, respectively.
  • the spring element 104 is a butterfly spring.
  • the spring element 104 is any other form of spring available, such as a coil spring, an air spring, or the like.
  • the second piston 103 stops moving, and the first piston 102 continues to move along the cylinder 101 axially toward the second The piston 103 moves and gradually presses the spring element 104, so that the second piston 103 is pressed by the spring element 104, so that the sleeve portion 132 can further press the workpiece to be riveted.
  • the magnitude of the pressing force of the sleeve 132 to be pressed on the workpiece is mainly determined by the elasticity of the spring element 104.
  • the press riveting device 100 also has a fluid pump system 105 (not shown in the figure).
  • the fluid pump system 105 includes a fluid pump, a driving motor, and a fluid storage device.
  • the inner cavity 121 is in communication, and is in communication with the second inner cavity 131 through a second through hole 133 as shown in FIG. 1.
  • the first through hole 124 and the second through hole 133 are respectively provided on the proximal end cylinder head 111 and the distal end cylinder head 112.
  • the first through hole 124 and the second through hole 133 may also be disposed on the side wall 113 of the cylinder block 101.
  • the fluid pump inputs or outputs the fluid stored in the fluid storage device through the first through-hole 124 and the second through-hole 133 to the first internal cavity 121 or the second internal cavity 131, and finally results in the first piston 102
  • the second piston 103 moves in the axial direction of the cylinder block 101 under the effect of fluid pressure.
  • the pressure generated by the fluid in the cavity pushes the first piston 102 toward the distal end side along the axial direction of the cylinder 101.
  • the pressure generated by the fluid in the cavity pushes the second piston 103 toward the proximal end side along the axial direction of the cylinder block 101.
  • the fluid pump system 105 described above may not have a fluid storage device.
  • the first inner cavity 121 and the second inner cavity 131 are directly in fluid communication with each other through a fluid pump.
  • the fluid pump connects the second inner cavity 131
  • the fluid in the medium is guided into the first inner cavity 121.
  • both the first piston 102 and the second piston 103 move along the cylinder 101 axially toward the distal side.
  • the fluid pump guides the fluid in the first inner cavity 121 into the second inner cavity 131.
  • the above-mentioned fluid pump system 105 is further provided with a valve for controlling the supply or return speed to the first inner cavity 121 and the second inner cavity 131.
  • the fluid described herein may be a liquid or a gas, preferably a hydraulic oil.
  • the riveting head 123 of the riveting device 100 is aligned with the position to be processed on the work to be riveted.
  • the driving motor of the fluid pump system 105 starts to operate, and drives the fluid pump to input fluid into the first inner cavity 121 and suck fluid from the second inner cavity 131, so that the first piston 102 and the second piston 103 are along the axial direction of the cylinder 101 Move towards the distal side.
  • the riveting head 123 and the sleeve portion 132 also move toward the distal side along with the first piston 102 and the second piston 103, until the sleeve portion 132 comes into contact with the workpiece to be pressed, and then moves to the pre-compressed position. Subsequently, the second piston 103 stops moving and the first piston 102 continues to move along the axial direction of the cylinder 101 toward the distal side, and the rivet head 123 moves along the sleeve portion 132 axially toward the distal side along with the movement of the first piston 102. motion.
  • the spring element 104 Since the spring element 104 is connected between the first piston 102 and the second piston 103, as the first piston 102 approaches the second piston 103, the gradually compressed spring element 104 applies a gradually increasing compression to the second piston 103. The force enables the workpiece to be riveted to be better fixed and ensures the accuracy of the riveting position. Subsequently, the pressing riveting rod 123 moves out of the sleeve portion 132 to perform riveting on the workpiece to be pressed and pressed by the sleeve portion 132.
  • the driving motor drives the fluid pump to suck fluid from the first inner cavity 121 and input fluid to the second inner cavity 131, so that the first piston 102 and the second piston 103 are successively moved along the axial direction of the cylinder 101. Proximal side movement. After that, the first piston 102 and the second piston 103 are gradually reset to the initial state shown in FIG. 3.
  • the riveting device 100 completes a single riveting operation.
  • the sleeve portion 132 is further provided with a stop element 134 for limiting the length of the crimping head 123 protruding from the sleeve portion.
  • a stopper 115 is also provided near the proximal cylinder head 111 and / or the side wall 103 of the cylinder block 101 near the proximal cylinder head 111 to restrict the first piston 102 from continuing to move toward the proximal side. The minimum volume of the first inner cavity 121 is achieved.
  • first inner cavity 121 and the second inner cavity 131 are both cavities that contain fluid and bear a certain fluid pressure
  • a plurality of seals are provided at the surfaces where the first piston 102 and the second piston 103 are in contact with the cylinder 101 Pieces.
  • the first piston 102 and the second piston 103 are provided with seal rings on their contact surfaces with the cylinder block 101.
  • a gap seal is used between the first and second pistons 102 and 103 and the cylinder block 101.
  • the riveting device 100 further includes a displacement sensor 106 for acquiring an axial displacement of the first piston 102, and further, knowing an axial position change of the riveting head 123 thereon.
  • the sensor 106 is disposed on the proximal end cover 111, and the sensor body 161 thereof extends along the axial direction of the cylinder body 101 toward the distal side, and partially extends into the first piston 102 and its riveting rod 122. in.
  • the riveting device 100 may further include a pressure sensor (not shown in the figure), which is used to monitor the force state of the riveting rod 122 in the axial direction, so as to obtain the axial pressure output by the riveting head 123 . According to the displacement sensor and the pressure sensor detecting the displacement and output force of the riveting head 123, the working state of the riveting device 100 can be known, and the quality of the riveting process can be monitored.
  • the dotted line portion in FIG. 3 shows a possible assembly manner of the cylinder portion of the press riveting device 100, and the dotted line portion schematically shows the frame body, other components, or corresponding parts of the workbench of the press riveting device 100.
  • the cylinder part is mounted on the corresponding part of the frame, other components or the workbench of the press riveting device 100 by a connection method such as welding, bonding, screwing, or snap-fitting.
  • the cylinder body part may be connected to the frame body, other components, or the table of the crimping device 100 at other locations.
  • the riveting device can have a more compact structure.
  • the axial length of the riveting device can be shortened to suit the working environment with limited operating space.
  • FIG. 4 to 6 are schematic diagrams of a riveting device 200 according to an embodiment of the present application; wherein, FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the appearance of the riveting device 200; FIG. 5 is a side view of the riveting device 200; It is a cross-sectional view of the crimping device 200 along the AA direction shown in FIG. 5, wherein the crimping device 200 is in an initial state.
  • FIGS. 4 to 6 unlike the riveting device 100 shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, there is no spring element provided between the first piston 202 and the second piston 203 of the riveting device 200. Instead of a spring element, an additional hydraulic system acts as a buffering force transmission element between the first piston 202 and the second piston 203.
  • the first piston 202, the second piston 203, and the side wall 213 define a third inner cavity 207.
  • the third inner cavity 207 communicates with the fluid pump system 205 through a third through hole 271 provided on the side wall 213 of the cylinder 201 as shown in FIG. 4, so that it can be input or extracted into the third inner cavity 207. liquid.
  • the sleeve portion 232 abuts the workpiece to be riveted, it moves to the pre-compressed position. Subsequently, the second piston 203 is forced to stop moving, and the first piston 202 continues to move toward the distal side in the axial direction of the cylinder 201. Since the third inner cavity 207 is filled with liquid at this time, with the movement of the first piston 202 close to the second piston 203, the liquid is slowly pressed out or drawn out by the fluid pump system 205.
  • a pressure regulating valve 272 is provided between the third inner cavity 207 and the fluid pump system 205 to adjust the pressure of the fluid in the third inner cavity 207, so as to provide a suitable workpiece to be riveted. Preload.
  • the cushioning force transmission element between the first piston and the second piston of the press riveting device also adopts an alternative structure and principle, for example, the two are provided with mutually exclusive magnetic elements to pass the magnetic field. To transmit force.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Actuator (AREA)
  • Presses And Accessory Devices Thereof (AREA)
  • Insertion Pins And Rivets (AREA)

Abstract

一种流体压力驱动的压铆装置（100），包括：具有远端侧缸盖（112）和近端侧缸盖（111）及在其间轴向延伸的侧壁（113）的缸体（101），远端侧缸盖有开口部（114）；缸体内第一活塞（102），其与近端侧缸盖限定第一内腔（121），并具有向远端侧延伸且与开口部对准的压铆杆（122）；缸体内第二活塞（103），其与远端侧缸盖限定第二内腔（131），并具有向远端侧延伸的套筒部（132），其至少延伸至并封闭开口部且可容纳压铆杆；流体泵系统（105），其分别与第一内腔和第二内腔连接，以向其供应或回吸流体，以使第一活塞和第二活塞沿缸体轴向移动，在第二活塞向远端侧移动时，套筒部运动至预压紧位置，随后压铆杆伸出进行压铆；设置于第一活塞和第二活塞间的传力构件，当套筒部运动至预压紧位置后，第一活塞能靠近第二活塞并通过传力构件向其施加压紧力。上述压铆装置能够适合在狭小的工作空间中进行操作。

Description

流体压力驱动的压铆装置 技术领域
本申请涉及铆接技术，更具体地，涉及一种流体压力驱动的压铆装置。
背景技术
压铆是利用压铆机产生的静压力镦粗铆钉杆形成镦头的一种铆接方法。压铆的铆接件具有表面质量好、变形小、连接强度高等特点，因而其被广泛应用于各种机械加工领域，例如造船、汽车制造，航空航天，白色家电等。然而，在一些加工环境下，待加工件的内部空间有限，而传统的压铆装置通常具有较长的轴向长度，因而不适合在这类狭小的工作空间中进行操作。
发明内容
本申请提供了一种具有较短轴向长度的压铆装置，其能够适合在狭小的工作空间中进行操作。
在本申请的一个方面，提供了一种流体压力驱动的压铆装置，包括：缸体，所述缸体具有相对设置的远端侧和近端侧，以及在所述远端侧和所述近端侧之间轴向延伸的侧壁，其中所述远端侧具有开口部；第一活塞，其设置于所述缸体内，并且与所述近端侧共同限定第一内腔，其中所述第一活塞具有向所述远端侧延伸且与所述开口部对准的压铆杆；第二活塞，其设置于所述缸体内，并且与所述远端侧共同限定第二内腔，其中所述第二活塞具有向所述远端侧延伸的套筒部，所述套筒部至少延伸至所述开口部以封闭所述开口部，并且所述套筒部还可滑动地容纳所述压铆杆；流体泵系统，所述流体泵系统分别与所述第一内腔和第二内腔流体连接，用于向所述第一内腔和第二内腔供应或回吸流体，从而使得所述第一活塞和所述第二活塞能够沿所述缸体的轴向往复移动，在所述第一活塞和所述第二活塞从所述近端侧向所述远端侧移动时，所述套筒部运动至预压紧位置，并且随后所述压铆杆伸出所述套筒部以对待压铆工件进行压铆操作；以及传力构件，其设置于所述第一活塞和第二活塞之间，当所述第二活 塞的套筒部运动至所述预压紧位置后，所述第一活塞能够运动靠近所述第二活塞并通过所述传力构件向所述第二活塞施加压紧力。
一些实施例中，所述传力构件包括弹簧元件，所述弹簧元件的两端分别被连接到所述第一活塞和所述第二活塞上。
一些实施例中，所述弹簧元件为蝶形弹簧元件。
一些实施例中，所述传力构件包括所述第一活塞、第二活塞和缸体的侧壁共同限定的第三内腔，所述流体泵系统还与所述第三内腔流体连接，用于向所述第三内腔供应或回吸流体。
一些实施例中，所述第三内腔和所述流体泵系统之间设置有压力调节阀，用于调节所述第三内腔中的流体压力。
一些实施例中，所述压铆杆的端部设置有压铆头。
一些实施例中，所述压铆头可拆卸地与所述压铆杆连接。
一些实施例中，所述套筒部设置有止挡元件，用于限制所述压铆头伸出所述套筒部的长度。
一些实施例中，在所述第一活塞和第二活塞与所述缸体表面接触处设置有密封件。
一些实施例中，所述压铆装置进一步包括位移传感器，所述位移传感器与所述第一活塞连接，用于指示所述第一活塞的轴向位置。
一些实施例中，所述流体泵系统包括流体泵，所述第一内腔和所述第二内腔通过所述流体泵相互流体连通。
一些实施例中，所述流体泵系统所供应和回收的流体为液压油。
以上为本申请的概述，可能有简化、概括和省略细节的情况，因此本领域的技术人员应该认识到，该部分仅是示例说明性的，而不旨在以任何方式限定本申请范围。本概述部分既非旨在确定所要求保护主题的关键特征或必要特征，也非旨在用作为确定所要求保护主题的范围的辅助手段。
附图说明
通过下面说明书和所附的权利要求书并与附图结合，将会更加充分地清楚理解本申请内容的上述和其他特征。可以理解，这些附图仅描绘了本申请内容的若干实施方式，因此不应认为是对本申请内容范围的限定。通过采用附图，本申请内容将会得到 更加明确和详细地说明。
图1至图3示出了根据本申请一个实施例的压铆装置100的示意图；其中，图1是该压铆装置100的外观示意图；图2是该压铆装置100的侧视图；图3是该压铆装置100沿图2所示的AA方向的剖视图，其中该压铆装置100处于初始状态；
图4至图6示出了根据本申请一个实施例的压铆装置200的示意图；其中，图4是该压铆装置200的外观示意图；图5是该压铆装置200的侧视图；图6是该压铆装置200沿图5所示的AA方向的剖视图，其中该压铆装置200处于初始状态。
具体实施方式
在下面的详细描述中，参考了构成其一部分的附图。在附图中，类似的符号通常表示类似的组成部分，除非上下文另有说明。详细描述、附图和权利要求书中描述的说明性实施方式并非旨在限定。在不偏离本申请的主题的精神或范围的情况下，可以采用其他实施方式，并且可以做出其他变化。可以理解，可以对本申请中一般性描述的、在附图中图解说明的本申请内容的各个方面进行多种不同构成的配置、替换、组合，设计，而所有这些都明确地构成本申请内容的一部分。
图1至图3示出了根据本申请一个实施例的压铆装置100的示意图；其中，图1是该压铆装置100的外观示意图；图2是该压铆装置100的侧视图；图3是该压铆装置100沿图2所示的AA方向的剖视图，其中该压铆装置100处于初始状态。在一些实施中，该压铆装置100被设计为自动化或半自动化设备，由外部电源或内置电源提供动力，并且用于对待加工件进行压铆处理。
具体地，如图1至3所示，该压铆装置100包括缸体101以及设置于缸体101内的第一活塞102和第二活塞103。其中，缸体101大体呈圆筒状的形状，第一活塞102和第二活塞103可以沿缸体101的轴向运动。缸体101主要由近端侧缸盖111和远端侧缸盖112以及在两个缸盖之间延伸的侧壁113构成，其中远端侧缸盖112上设置有开口部114。在一些实施例中，侧壁113通过焊接、粘接等连接方式与两端的缸盖111和/或112连接。在一些实施例中，侧壁113通过螺纹连接、卡扣连接等可拆卸连接方式与两端的缸盖111和/或112连接。在一些实施例中，侧壁113至少与缸盖111和112之一一体成型。在一些实施例中，远端侧缸盖112上的开口部114的形状为圆形，而在另一些实施例中，开口部114也可以是其他形状，如三角形、椭圆形或方形等。 需要说明地是，本文所述的远端或远端侧是指在使用时该压铆装置邻近待压铆工件的一端或一侧，而近端或近端侧是指其相对的一端或一侧。
继续参照图3，其中第一活塞102与缸体101的近端侧缸盖111和部分侧壁113共同限定了封闭的第一内腔121。如图所示，该第一活塞102还具有向远端侧延伸的压铆杆122，该压铆杆122可以与开口部114对准并通过开口部114。一些实施例中，压铆杆122通过任何可适用的连接方式与第一活塞102连接，例如焊接、粘接、螺纹连接和卡扣连接等。一些实施例中，压铆杆122与第一活塞102一体成型。如图3所示，压铆杆122的端部设置有压铆头123，该压铆头123伴随第一活塞102和压铆杆122沿缸体101轴向运动，从而直接作用于待压铆工件，完成压铆操作。一些实施例中，压铆头123通过焊接、粘接等连接方式与压铆杆122连接，或者与压铆杆122一体成型。一些实施例中，压铆头123通过螺纹连接、卡扣连接等可拆卸地连接方式与压铆杆122连接，从而操作人员可以根据需要更换合适的压铆头，扩大该压铆装置100的适用范围。
如图3所示，第二活塞103具有向远端侧延伸的套筒部132，该套筒部132延伸至与开口部114相接触，从而使得第二活塞103及其套筒部132与缸体101的远端侧缸盖112和部分侧壁113共同限定了封闭的第二内腔131。如上所述，在一些实施例中，开口部114可以为圆形、三角形、椭圆形、方形或其他形状，因此为了限定封闭的第二内腔131，套筒部132形状也可以是圆形、三角形、椭圆形、方形或其他形状，从而与开口部114相匹配。虽然如图所示的套筒部132与第二活塞103一体成型，但是一些实施例中，套筒部132也可以通过任何可适用的连接方式与第二活塞103连接，例如焊接、粘接、螺纹连接和卡扣连接等。如图所示，第一活塞102的压铆杆122容纳于该套筒部132中，并且可以沿套筒部132轴向滑动。
第一内腔121的体积可伴随第一活塞102沿缸体101轴向的运动而发生变化，类似地，该第二内腔131的体积可伴随第二活塞103沿缸体101轴向的运动而发生变化。具体地，图3示出的压铆装置100处于其初始状态，即未开始压铆操作或执行完单次压铆操作后的状态。在该初始状态，第一活塞102和第二活塞103相对靠近近端侧缸盖111，从而使得第一内腔121的体积处于较小状态而第二内腔131的体积处于较大状态。当该压铆装置100开始执行压铆操作时，伴随第一活塞102和第二活塞103朝向远端侧的运动，该第一内腔121的体积逐渐变大而第二内腔131的体积逐渐变小。
如图3所示，第一活塞102和第二活塞103之间设置有弹簧元件104。该弹簧元 件104的两端分别与第一活塞102和所述第二活塞103连接。一些实施例中，该弹簧元件104为蝶形弹簧。在一些实施例中，该弹簧元件104为其他任何可用弹簧形式，例如螺旋弹簧、空气弹簧等。由于弹簧元件104的存在，当第二活塞103的套筒部132运动至与待压铆工件相抵接后，第二活塞103停止运动，第一活塞102继续沿着缸体101轴向朝向第二活塞103运动并逐渐压紧弹簧元件104，从而通过弹簧元件104对第二活塞103施加压力，使得套筒部132得以进一步压紧待压铆工件。可以理解，套筒132对待压铆工件压紧力的大小主要取决于弹簧元件104的弹性。
压铆装置100还具有流体泵系统105(图中未示出)，该流体泵系统105包括流体泵、驱动电机和流体储存装置，其通过如图1所示的第一通孔124与第一内腔121连通，并且通过如图1所示的第二通孔133与第二内腔131连通。一些实施例中，第一通孔124和第二通孔133分别设置于近侧端缸盖111和远侧端缸盖112上。一些实施例中，第一通孔124和第二通孔133也可以设置于缸体101的侧壁113上。在驱动电机驱动下，流体泵将流体储存装置中储存的流体通过上述第一通孔124和第二通孔133输入或输出第一内腔121或第二内腔131，最终导致第一活塞102和第二活塞103在流体压力的作用下沿缸体101的轴向运动。例如，伴随着流体泵将流体输入第一内腔121，腔内流体产生的压力推动第一活塞102沿着缸体101的轴向朝远端侧运动。伴随着流体泵将流体输入第二内腔131时，腔内流体产生的压力推动第二活塞103沿缸体101的轴向朝近端侧运动。
在一些实施例中，上述流体泵系统105可以没有流体储存装置，第一内腔121和第二内腔131通过流体泵直接流体连通，在驱动电机的驱动下，流体泵将第二内腔131中的流体引导入第一内腔121中，此时腔体流体压力和弹簧元件104作用下，第一活塞102和第二活塞103均沿着缸体101轴向朝远端侧运动。而在相反过程中，流体泵将第一内腔121中的流体引导入第二内腔131中，此时在腔体流体压力和弹簧元件104的作用下，第一活塞102和第二活塞103均沿着缸体101轴向朝近端侧运动。这样的设置使得压铆装置100的结构设计更为紧凑简单。一些实施例中，上述流体泵系统105还设置有阀门，用于控制对第一内腔121和第二内腔131的供流或回流速度。需要指出的是，本文中所述的流体可以为液体或气体，优选为液压油。
以下具体阐述下本实施例的工作过程：
参照图1和图3所示，当需要对待压铆工件进行压铆加工时，将压铆装置100的压铆头123对准待压铆工件上的待加工位置。流体泵系统105的驱动电机开始工作， 驱动流体泵向第一内腔121输入流体并从第二内腔131抽吸流体，从而使第一活塞102和第二活塞103沿缸体101的轴向朝远端侧运动。压铆头123和套筒部132伴随第一活塞102和第二活塞103也朝向远端侧运动，直至套筒部132与待压铆工件相抵接时，其运动至预压紧位置。随后，第二活塞103停止运动而第一活塞102继续沿缸体101的轴向朝远端侧运动，并且压铆头123伴随第一活塞102的运动沿套筒部132轴向朝远端侧运动。由于第一活塞102和第二活塞103之间连接有弹簧元件104，伴随着第一活塞102靠近第二活塞103，逐渐被压紧的弹簧元件104向第二活塞103施加逐渐变大的压紧力，使得待压铆工件能更好地被固定，保证了压铆位置的准确性。随后，压铆杆123运动伸出套筒部132以对被套筒部132压紧的待压铆工件进行压铆。
当完成压铆后，驱动电机驱动流体泵从第一内腔121抽吸流体并向第二内腔131输入流体，从而使得第一活塞102和第二活塞103先后沿缸体101的轴向朝近端侧运动。之后第一活塞102和第二活塞103逐渐复位至图3所示的初始状态，该压铆装置100完成单次压铆操作。
如图3所示，套筒部132还设置有止挡元件134，用于限制压铆头123伸出所述套筒部的长度。同时，缸体101的近端侧缸盖111和/或侧壁103靠近近端侧缸盖111处还设置有止挡部115，用于限制第一活塞102继续朝近端侧运动，从保证了第一内腔121的最小体积。此外，由于第一内腔121和第二内腔131均为容纳流体并承受一定流体压力的腔体，因此在第一活塞102和第二活塞103与缸体101表面接触处设置有多个密封件。例如，如图3所示，第一活塞102和第二活塞103在其与缸体101接触表面上设置有密封圈。在一些实施例中，第一活塞102和第二活塞103与缸体101之间采用间隙密封。
在一些实施中，压铆装置100还包括位移传感器106，用于获知所述第一活塞102的轴向位移，进而获知其上的压铆头123的轴向位置变化。如图3所示，传感器106被设置于近端侧端盖111上，其传感器本体161沿缸体101的轴向朝远端侧延伸，并部分延伸入第一活塞102及其压铆杆122中。因此，当第一活塞102沿缸体101的轴向朝远端侧运动时，传感器本体161与第一活塞102及其压铆杆122间产生相对运动，其延伸入第一活塞102部分的长度发生变化，由此可以确定第一活塞102的轴向位移，进而确定压铆头123的轴向位置变化。在一些实施例中，压铆装置100还可以包括压力传感器(图中未示出)，其用于监测压铆杆122沿轴向的受力状态，从而获知压铆头123输出的轴向压力。根据位移传感器与压力传感器对压铆头123的位移与输出力 的检测，能够获知压铆装置100的工作状态，对压铆加工质量进行监测。
图3中的虚线部分显示了该压铆装置100的缸体部分的一种可能的装配方式，虚线部分示意性的示出了该压铆装置100的架体、其他部件或工作台的相应部位。一些实施例中，缸体部分以其远端部位通过焊接、粘接、螺纹连接或卡扣连接等连接方式安装于该压铆装置100的架体、其他部件或工作台的相应部位。在一些实施例中，缸体部分也可以其他部位与该压铆装置100的架体、其他部件或工作台连接。
可以看出，通过采用流体压力来驱动活塞移动，压铆装置可以具有更为紧凑的结构。此外，压铆装置的轴向长度可以被缩短，以适合操作空间有限的工作环境。
图4至图6示出了根据本申请一个实施例的压铆装置200的示意图；其中，图4是该压铆装置200的外观示意图；图5是该压铆装置200的侧视图；图6是该压铆装置200沿图5所示的AA方向的剖视图，其中该压铆装置200处于初始状态。
如图4至图6所示，不同于图1至3所示的压铆装置100，该压铆装置200的第一活塞202和第二活塞203之间并没有设置弹簧元件。取代了弹簧元件，一个附加的液压系统作为第一活塞202和第二活塞203之间的缓冲的传力元件。第一活塞202、第二活塞203与侧壁213限定了第三内腔207。该第三内腔207通过如图4所示的设置于缸体201的侧壁213上的第三通孔271与流体泵系统205连通，从而使其可以向第三内腔207内输入或抽取液体。具体地，本实施例的压铆装置200在实施压铆操作过程中，当套筒部232与待压铆工件相抵接时，其运动至预压紧位置。随后，第二活塞203被迫停止运动，而第一活塞202继续沿缸体201的轴向朝远端侧运动。由于此时第三内腔207内充满液体，伴随着第一活塞202靠近第二活塞203的运动，其中液体被缓慢压出或被流体泵系统205抽出。在此过程中，由于第三内腔207内的液体压力的作用，第二活塞203受到压紧力，使得待压铆工件更好地被固定，保证了压铆位置的准确性。虽然图中未示出，一些实施例中，第三内腔207和流体泵系统205间设置有压力调节阀272，用于调节第三内腔207中的流体压力，从而对待压铆工件提供合适的预压紧力。
关于压铆装置200的其他构件以及其工作方式，可以参考图1至图3所示的压铆装置100的对应描述，在此不再赘述。需要指出的是，一些实施例中，压铆装置的第一活塞和第二活塞间的缓冲传力元件也采用替代的结构和原理，例如两者分别设置有相斥的磁性元件，从而通过磁场来传递力。
应当注意，尽管在上文详细描述中提及了压铆装置的若干模块或子模块，但是这 种划分仅仅是示例性的而非强制性的。实际上，根据本申请的实施例，上文描述的两个或更多模块的特征和功能可以在一个模块中具体化。反之，上文描述的一个模块的特征和功能可以进一步划分为由多个模块来具体化。
那些本技术领域的一般技术人员可以通过研究说明书、公开的内容及附图和所附的权利要求书，理解和实施对披露的实施方式的其他改变。在权利要求中，措词“包括”不排除其他的元素和步骤，并且措辞“一”、“一个”不排除复数。在本申请的实际应用中，一个零件可能执行权利要求中所引用的多个技术特征的功能。权利要求中的任何附图标记不应理解为对范围的限制。

Claims (12)

  1. 一种流体压力驱动的压铆装置，其特征在于，所述压铆装置包括：
    缸体，所述缸体具有相对设置的远端侧和近端侧，以及在所述远端侧和所述近端侧之间轴向延伸的侧壁，其中所述远端侧具有开口部；
    第一活塞，其设置于所述缸体内，并且与所述近端侧共同限定第一内腔，其中所述第一活塞具有向所述远端侧延伸且与所述开口部对准的压铆杆；
    第二活塞，其设置于所述缸体内，并且与所述远端侧共同限定第二内腔，其中所述第二活塞具有向所述远端侧延伸的套筒部，所述套筒部至少延伸至所述开口部以封闭所述开口部，并且所述套筒部还可滑动地容纳所述压铆杆；
    流体泵系统，所述流体泵系统分别与所述第一内腔和第二内腔流体连接，用于向所述第一内腔和第二内腔供应或回吸流体，从而使得所述第一活塞和所述第二活塞能够沿所述缸体的轴向往复移动，在所述第一活塞和所述第二活塞从所述近端侧向所述远端侧移动时，所述套筒部运动至预压紧位置，并且随后所述压铆杆伸出所述套筒部以对待压铆工件进行压铆操作；以及
    传力构件，其设置于所述第一活塞和第二活塞之间，当所述第二活塞的套筒部运动至所述预压紧位置后，所述第一活塞能够运动靠近所述第二活塞并通过所述传力构件向所述第二活塞施加压紧力。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的流体压力驱动的压铆装置，其特征在于，所述传力构件包括弹簧元件，所述弹簧元件的两端分别被连接到所述第一活塞和所述第二活塞上。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的流体压力驱动的压铆装置，其特征在于，所述弹簧元件为蝶形弹簧元件。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的流体压力驱动的压铆装置，其特征在于，所述传力构件包括所述第一活塞、第二活塞和缸体的侧壁共同限定的第三内腔，所述流体泵系统还与所述第三内腔流体连接，用于向所述第三内腔供应或回吸流体。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的流体压力驱动的压铆装置，其特征在于，所述第三内腔和所述流体泵系统之间设置有压力调节阀，用于调节所述第三内腔中的流体压力。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的流体压力驱动的压铆装置，其特征在于，所述压铆杆的端部设置有压铆头。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的流体压力驱动的压铆装置，其特征在于，所述压铆头可拆卸地与所述压铆杆连接。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的流体压力驱动的压铆装置，其特征在于，所述套筒部设置有止挡元件，用于限制所述压铆头伸出所述套筒部的长度。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的流体压力驱动的压铆装置，其特征在于，在所述第一活塞和第二活塞与所述缸体表面接触处设置有密封件。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的流体压力驱动的压铆装置，其特征在于，所述压铆装置进一步包括位移传感器，所述位移传感器与所述第一活塞连接，用于指示所述第一活塞的轴向位置。
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的流体压力驱动的压铆装置，其特征在于，所述流体泵系统包括流体泵，所述第一内腔和所述第二内腔通过所述流体泵相互流体连通。
  12. 根据权利要求1所述的流体压力驱动的压铆装置，其特征在于，所述流体泵系统所供应和回收的流体为液压油。
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