WO2020019645A1 - 一种工业车辆 - Google Patents

一种工业车辆 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020019645A1
WO2020019645A1 PCT/CN2018/121953 CN2018121953W WO2020019645A1 WO 2020019645 A1 WO2020019645 A1 WO 2020019645A1 CN 2018121953 W CN2018121953 W CN 2018121953W WO 2020019645 A1 WO2020019645 A1 WO 2020019645A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
plate
industrial vehicle
controller
vehicle according
driving wheel
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2018/121953
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
周学军
张志宇
刘晓东
施林强
Original Assignee
诺力智能装备股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN201810823940.9A external-priority patent/CN108640041A/zh
Priority claimed from CN201810823941.3A external-priority patent/CN108640042B/zh
Priority claimed from CN201811069067.5A external-priority patent/CN109052236A/zh
Application filed by 诺力智能装备股份有限公司 filed Critical 诺力智能装备股份有限公司
Priority to US16/960,715 priority Critical patent/US20200331734A1/en
Priority to DE112018006581.2T priority patent/DE112018006581T5/de
Publication of WO2020019645A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020019645A1/zh

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66F—HOISTING, LIFTING, HAULING OR PUSHING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. DEVICES WHICH APPLY A LIFTING OR PUSHING FORCE DIRECTLY TO THE SURFACE OF A LOAD
    • B66F9/00—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes
    • B66F9/06—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes movable, with their loads, on wheels or the like, e.g. fork-lift trucks
    • B66F9/075—Constructional features or details
    • B66F9/07572—Propulsion arrangements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62B—HAND-PROPELLED VEHICLES, e.g. HAND CARTS OR PERAMBULATORS; SLEDGES
    • B62B3/00—Hand carts having more than one axis carrying transport wheels; Steering devices therefor; Equipment therefor
    • B62B3/04—Hand carts having more than one axis carrying transport wheels; Steering devices therefor; Equipment therefor involving means for grappling or securing in place objects to be carried; Loading or unloading equipment
    • B62B3/06—Hand carts having more than one axis carrying transport wheels; Steering devices therefor; Equipment therefor involving means for grappling or securing in place objects to be carried; Loading or unloading equipment for simply clearing the load from the ground
    • B62B3/0612—Hand carts having more than one axis carrying transport wheels; Steering devices therefor; Equipment therefor involving means for grappling or securing in place objects to be carried; Loading or unloading equipment for simply clearing the load from the ground power operated
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62B—HAND-PROPELLED VEHICLES, e.g. HAND CARTS OR PERAMBULATORS; SLEDGES
    • B62B3/00—Hand carts having more than one axis carrying transport wheels; Steering devices therefor; Equipment therefor
    • B62B3/04—Hand carts having more than one axis carrying transport wheels; Steering devices therefor; Equipment therefor involving means for grappling or securing in place objects to be carried; Loading or unloading equipment
    • B62B3/06—Hand carts having more than one axis carrying transport wheels; Steering devices therefor; Equipment therefor involving means for grappling or securing in place objects to be carried; Loading or unloading equipment for simply clearing the load from the ground
    • B62B3/0618—Hand carts having more than one axis carrying transport wheels; Steering devices therefor; Equipment therefor involving means for grappling or securing in place objects to be carried; Loading or unloading equipment for simply clearing the load from the ground using fluid lifting mechanisms
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62B—HAND-PROPELLED VEHICLES, e.g. HAND CARTS OR PERAMBULATORS; SLEDGES
    • B62B5/00—Accessories or details specially adapted for hand carts
    • B62B5/0026—Propulsion aids
    • B62B5/0033—Electric motors
    • B62B5/0053—Arrangements of batteries
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66F—HOISTING, LIFTING, HAULING OR PUSHING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. DEVICES WHICH APPLY A LIFTING OR PUSHING FORCE DIRECTLY TO THE SURFACE OF A LOAD
    • B66F9/00—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes
    • B66F9/06—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes movable, with their loads, on wheels or the like, e.g. fork-lift trucks
    • B66F9/075—Constructional features or details
    • B66F9/07513—Details concerning the chassis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66F—HOISTING, LIFTING, HAULING OR PUSHING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. DEVICES WHICH APPLY A LIFTING OR PUSHING FORCE DIRECTLY TO THE SURFACE OF A LOAD
    • B66F9/00—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes
    • B66F9/06—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes movable, with their loads, on wheels or the like, e.g. fork-lift trucks
    • B66F9/075—Constructional features or details
    • B66F9/20—Means for actuating or controlling masts, platforms, or forks
    • B66F9/22—Hydraulic devices or systems
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66F—HOISTING, LIFTING, HAULING OR PUSHING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. DEVICES WHICH APPLY A LIFTING OR PUSHING FORCE DIRECTLY TO THE SURFACE OF A LOAD
    • B66F9/00—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes
    • B66F9/06—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes movable, with their loads, on wheels or the like, e.g. fork-lift trucks
    • B66F9/075—Constructional features or details
    • B66F9/20—Means for actuating or controlling masts, platforms, or forks
    • B66F9/24—Electrical devices or systems

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of automated mechanical equipment, and in particular to an industrial vehicle.
  • Industrial vehicles are power-driven motor vehicles used to carry, push, tow, lift, stack, or stack various goods.
  • Common industrial vehicles include forklifts, side forklifts, tractors, trucks, stackers, and so on.
  • industrial vehicles often include body parts, handles, forks, battery boxes, oil cylinders, pump stations, controllers and other components.
  • the oil cylinder is connected to the body and the body is connected to the fork.
  • the piston rod in the oil cylinder is ejected To drive the body and forks up and down.
  • a wiring harness is required to connect the driving wheel and the controller to realize the transmission of electrical signals.
  • a third-party lead component is required to drive the wires from the drive. Winding out of the wheel, on the other hand, in order to adapt to the spatial arrangement of the cylinder and the controller, the wires need to be bent and connected after being wound out of the driving wheel, and the wires are easily depreciated and worn.
  • the battery is located in the frame, in the prior art controller, when the oil pump follows the driving wheel, it will rotate relative to the battery, and it will also rotate relative to the rotary shaft hole above the driving wheel. Elongation shortens.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an industrial vehicle with high stability, stable lifting, optimized design of the positional relationship of various components of the vehicle, and a shorter body design to obtain a smaller turning radius.
  • An industrial vehicle includes a handle, a main frame, and a driving wheel assembly.
  • the main frame is provided with a pillar, and the pillar includes an upper roof plate.
  • This type of industrial vehicle also includes a controller, a pumping station, and a jacking device that interferes with the upper roof plate; in a horizontal direction, the jacking device is farther away from the handle than the drive wheel assembly.
  • the jacking device is an oil cylinder.
  • a cylinder axis line of the cylinder is farther away from the handle in a horizontal direction than a center line of a driving wheel of a driving wheel body of the driving wheel assembly.
  • the handle is directly connected to the driving wheel assembly.
  • the controller, the pump station and the lifting device are installed on a driving wheel frame, the driving wheel frame is connected to the pillar body through a hinge structure, and the top of the lifting device is connected with The upper top plates are in conflict.
  • the controller is located above the driving wheel assembly, the driving wheel assembly is connected to the controller through a driving wheel harness, and the driving wheel harness () is connected to the driving wheel assembly
  • the rotary shaft hole at the upper position is derived, the axis line of the rotary shaft hole is concentric with the rotation center line of the driving wheel assembly, and the rotation shaft hole is located on the driving wheel frame.
  • the driving wheel assembly includes a driving wheel frame, and the bearings mounted on the driving wheel frame are double bearings distributed vertically.
  • the driving wheel assembly includes a driving wheel frame, and a bearing mounted on the driving wheel frame is a single double-row bearing.
  • the handle is connected to the driving wheel assembly, and the controller, the pump station, and the jacking device are connected to the pillar body.
  • a battery box box is further included, and the battery box box is connected to the upright post.
  • the distance between the controller and the pump station to the backplane is the same.
  • a back reinforcing plate connected to the main frame is provided on a side of the back plate remote from the lifting device, and a side plate is connected to the upper top plate and the back plate together.
  • a fork is connected to the main frame, and the fork is located on a side of the pillar body away from the handle.
  • two of the side plates, one of the upper top plate and one of the back plate form a semi-enclosed space, and the jacking device is installed in the semi-enclosed space.
  • a cover cover is further included, the cover cover, the two side plates, an upper top plate and a back plate form an installation for the controller, the pumping station and the jacking device. space.
  • the battery box body includes a fixing groove at the bottom, the back reinforcing plate is used to extend into the fixing groove, and a slide rail groove is provided in the fixing groove, and the back reinforcing plate A guide rail is provided on the guide rail, and the guide rail slides in the slide rail groove.
  • the battery box body is provided with a sliding slope near the fixed groove, the sliding slope is inclined, and a guide slope is provided at the uppermost position of the guide rail, and the inclination angle of the guide slope Match the inclination angle of the sliding slope.
  • the oil cylinder and the driving wheel are eccentrically placed, the axis lines do not coincide, the oil cylinder is closer to the direction of the fork, the space arrangement is optimized, and the overall length of the car is reduced.
  • the pumping station, controller and jacking device are not used as rotating parts, but as stationary parts, with less wear and tear, and less likely to cause failure or damage.
  • the pump station, controller and jacking device do not rotate, so it is not easy to cause the risk of pinching hands to the operator.
  • the lifting device, controller and pump station are not visible on the outside, and the overall aesthetics of the vehicle is improved.
  • the body length of the entire vehicle is shortened and it has a smaller turning radius.
  • the side plate and back plate further enhance the structural strength of the pillar.
  • the back reinforcing plate can slide into the retention slot to fix the battery box and improve the stability of the battery box during operation.
  • the guide slope and the slide-in slope cooperate with each other, the installation accuracy is high, and the installation efficiency is fast.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of Embodiment 1
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the hidden cover of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic view from another angle of FIG. 2; FIG.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view from another angle of FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 5 is an enlarged detail view at A in FIG. 4; FIG.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a battery box case
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic view from another angle of FIG. 6; FIG.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the first prior art
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the second prior art.
  • FIG. 10 is a side view of the first embodiment.
  • Post body 11. Upper roof plate, 12, Side plate, 13, Back plate, 15, Cover cover, 16, Back reinforcement plate, 17, Rail, 171, Guide slope, 2, Main frame, 21, Battery cover Plate, 31, fork, 32, handle, 33, drive wheel assembly, 331, drive wheel frame, 4, battery box case, 41, handle slot, 42, retention slot, 43, slip-in slope, 44 , Slide rail slot, 45, connector openings, 51, jacking device, 52, controller, 53, pump station, 6, driving wheel harness, L1, driving wheel centerline, L2, cylinder axis line.
  • an industrial vehicle may be different types of vehicles, such as a forklift, a stacker, and a sorting truck.
  • This technical solution uses a forklift as an example.
  • the entire vehicle can be roughly divided into two assembly units, where the assembly A includes a handle 32 and a driving wheel assembly 33.
  • the handle 32 is directly connected to the driving wheel assembly 33 instead of connecting via the pumping station bracket or main frame.
  • the other, the assembly B includes a main frame 2 to which the pillar 1 is connected.
  • the lifting device 51, the battery box body 4, the pumping station 53, and the controller 52 are all in this assembly B.
  • the lifting device 51 may use components such as oil cylinders, and the pumping station 53 is used to supply oil to the lifting device.
  • Both the pumping station 53 and the controller 52 can be fixedly connected to the main frame 2 through a connecting member.
  • One end of the oil cylinder is also connected to the main frame 2 and the other end, that is, one end of the piston rod is in contact with the pillar body 1. 51 operation, the column 1 and the fork 31 are lifted in the vertical direction.
  • assembly A contains handle 32 and drive wheel assembly 33
  • assembly B contains jacking device 51, controller 52, pumping station 53, main frame 2, and pillar
  • the pillar body 1 includes an upper top plate 11, two side plates 12 and a back plate 13 on both sides, and a cover 15.
  • the upper top plate 11, the side plate 12, the back plate 13, and the cover 15 cooperate with each other to form a receiving space.
  • the jacking device 51, the controller 52 and the pumping station 53 are all installed in this receiving space. Due to the existence of these wrapping components, the lifting device 51, the controller 52 and the pumping station 53 cannot be seen on the outside, and the overall aesthetics of the vehicle is improved.
  • the controller 52, the jacking device 51, and the pumping station 53 in the figure are originally arranged in a line, and are sequentially arranged from left to right.
  • the jacking device 51 is placed on the far right side of the figure, that is, the position closest to the back plate 13, and the controller 52 and the pumping station 53 are located on the same side. These two components are located away from the back plate The position of 13 is the same.
  • Such a position design has at least two beneficial effects.
  • the jacking device 51 is closer to the back plate 13, that is, there is an abutment contact between the jacking device 51 and the lower surface of the upper top plate 11, and the position of this abutment contact is closer to the back plate 13.
  • the distance between the abutting contact and the back plate 13 is shorter, and the force arm is shorter.
  • the stability of the entire upper top plate 11 is stronger, and the upper top plate 11 is less likely to be lifted to cause tilting or damage.
  • this space arrangement makes the lifting device 51 located in the space surrounded by the upper top plate 11, the side plate 12, and the back plate 13, and the controller 52 and the pump station 53 are placed on the same side and at the same distance, so that The placement method is more compact, the body length of the entire vehicle is shortened, and the turning radius is smaller.
  • the pillar 1 is also reinforced. As shown in FIGS. 1, 2 and 3, the upper end of the side plate 12 is connected to the upper top plate 11, and the sides of the side plate 12 are connected to the back plate 13.
  • the side plate 12 increases the structural strength of the upper top plate 11 and prevents the upper top plate 11. Deformation and tilt.
  • a back reinforcing plate 16 is provided on the back of the back plate 13, that is, away from the lifting device 51. The side of the reinforced plate 16 is connected to the back plate 13, and the bottom surface is connected to other connecting plates. The back of the back plate 13 is also increased. Support.
  • the back reinforcing plate 16 has two functions. One is to give structural support to the back of the entire pillar body 1 during the lifting process to increase its stability; the other is to support and fix the support. battery box.
  • the battery box includes a battery box body 4.
  • a handle slot 41 is provided at the upper position for the convenience of a worker's handle.
  • a retention slot 42 and a retention slot 42 are provided at the bottom position. It also extends vertically.
  • a slide-in device is provided. Specifically, a guide rail 17 is provided on the back reinforcing plate 16, and a slide rail groove 44 matching the guide rail 17 is also provided in the retention groove 42, so that the entire battery box can slide in and out more smoothly.
  • a guide slope 171 is provided on the guide rail 17, and the battery box box 4 is close to the retention slot.
  • Position 42 is correspondingly provided with a sliding slope 43 as shown in FIG. 4.
  • the guide slope 171 and the slide-in slope 43 are both inclined, and the inclination angles are the same, and the slopes cooperate with each other to play the role of slide-in installation guide.
  • the battery box box 4 is provided with a connector opening 45, which is also located at the bottom near the retention slot. 42 position.
  • FIG. 8 is a space arrangement method of the first conventional technology.
  • the handle 32 is connected to a connecting frame
  • the jacking device 51 is also an oil cylinder
  • the oil cylinder is installed on the driving wheel.
  • the central axis of the cylinder body of the oil cylinder that is, the axis line L2 of the oil cylinder, extends in the vertical direction.
  • the vertical connection between the position of the wheel center of the driving wheel and the ground is the driving wheel centerline L1.
  • L1 and L2 coincide and are on a connecting line.
  • the position above the driving wheel is occupied by the oil cylinder, and the controller 52 is closer to the fork.
  • a connection hole needs to be opened in a part of the frame, and the driving wheel wire harness 6 comes out of this connection hole.
  • the connection controller 52 not only needs to guide the wire harness, but also needs to be bent.
  • FIG. 9 is a space arrangement method of the second conventional technology.
  • L1 and L2 are also coincident.
  • the oil cylinder is above the driving wheel, but there is a height gap between the two.
  • the handle 32 is connected to the driving wheel.
  • the drive wheel wire harness is led out from this wire outlet, and the controller 52 is connected through multiple bends.
  • relative rotation occurs between multiple components such as the drive wheel, the oil cylinder, the pump station, and the controller.
  • FIG. 10 is a spatial arrangement of the present technical solution.
  • the two lines L1 and L2 do not overlap.
  • the cylinder axis L2 has moved closer to the fork and farther away from the handle 32, which makes the drive wheel The upper position is vacated, and the controller 52 is above the driving wheels.
  • the connection of the wiring harness is well optimized.
  • the driving wheel wire harness 6 directly exits through the rotary shaft hole, is connected to the controller 52, and does not need to be bent.
  • connection mode controller 52 a pumping station 53, and a jacking device 51 are used as a main body, and relative rotation does not occur, and the handle 32 is directly connected to the driving wheel assembly 33.
  • the driving wheel assembly 33 position will have greater torque.
  • the bearing is reinforced.
  • the upper and lower double bearings can be used, or a larger double row bearing can be used.
  • the driving wheel assembly 33 includes a driving wheel wheel body and a driving wheel frame 331 connected to the driving wheel wheel body.
  • the rotary shaft hole is located in the middle of the driving wheel frame 331, and the wire harness directly exits from the rotating shaft hole of the driving wheel frame 331.
  • the controller 52 and the pumping station 53 are both installed on the jacking device 51, and the lower end of the jacking device is installed on the driving wheel frame 331, and the upper end is in contact with the upper top plate 11 of the pillar body 1.
  • the driving wheel frame 331 is provided with a hinge member, such as a ring rod or a rotating arm in the prior art. The hinge member is connected to the pillar 1.
  • the oil pump will rotate relative to the battery when it follows the drive wheel, and it will also rotate relative to the rotary shaft hole above the drive wheel.
  • the cable will be bent and stretched. Length shortens.
  • the rotational displacement is eliminated between the controller, the oil pump and the battery, and only the original up and down and slight swing displacements are retained.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Forklifts And Lifting Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

公开了一种工业车辆，其包含手柄（32）、主车架（2）和驱动轮总成（33），主车架（2）上安装有立柱体（1），立柱体（1）包括上顶板（11）和与上顶板（11）连接的背板（13）；该工业车辆还包含控制器（52）、泵站（53）和与上顶板（11）抵触的顶升装置（51）；该顶升装置（51）较控制器（52）与泵站（53）更靠近背板（13）。该工业车辆，稳定性高，升降平稳，对车辆各部件的位置关系做了优化，拥有更短的车身从而能够获得更小的转弯半径。

Description

一种工业车辆 技术领域
本发明涉及自动化机械设备领域，具体涉及一种工业车辆。
 背景技术
工业车辆是指用来搬运、推顶、牵引、起升、堆垛或码放各种货物的动力驱动的机动车辆。常见的工业车辆有叉车、侧叉车、牵引车、搬运车、堆高车等等。
工业车辆在结构上，往往包含车身、手柄、货叉、电池箱、油缸、泵站、控制器等部件，其中，油缸与车身连接，车身与货叉连接，当油缸中的活塞杆顶出时，带动车身和货叉升降。
首先，泵站、控制器、油缸、电池等部件一字排开，占据了较大的车身长度空间，而现在的工业车辆为了获得更小的转弯半径，更适用于窄巷道的环境作业，需要更小巧更紧凑的车身设计。
其次，驱动轮和控制器之间需要线束进行连接，从而实现电信号的传递，在现有技术中，由于驱动轮上方的空间往往就是油缸，于是一方面，需要第三方引线部件将电线从驱动轮中绕出，另一方面，为了适应油缸和控制器的空间排布，电线从驱动轮中绕出后需要进行折弯连接，电线容易折旧和磨损。由于电池位于车架，现有技术中控制器，油泵跟随驱动轮旋转时会与电池产生旋转相对运动，同时也和驱动轮上方的回转轴孔产生旋转相对运动，电缆会有较大弯折，伸长缩短。
 技术问题
本发明的目的是提供一种工业车辆，稳定性高，升降平稳，对车辆各部件的位置关系做了优化设计，拥有更短的车身设计从而获得更小的转弯半径。
 技术解决方案
本发明的上述技术目的是通过以下技术方案得以实现的：一种工业车辆，包括手柄、主车架和驱动轮总成，所述主车架上安装有立柱体，所述立柱体包括上顶板；该种工业车辆还包含控制器、泵站和与所述上顶板抵触的顶升装置；在水平方向上，所述顶升装置较所述驱动轮总成更远离所述手柄。
作为本发明的优选，所述顶升装置为油缸。
作为本发明的优选，所述油缸的油缸轴心线较所述驱动轮总成的驱动轮轮体的驱动轮中心线在水平方向更远离所述手柄。
作为本发明的优选，所述手柄直接与所述驱动轮总成连接。
作为本发明的优选，所述控制器、所述泵站和所述顶升装置安装在驱动轮架上，所述驱动轮架通过铰接结构与所述立柱体连接，所述顶升装置顶部与所述上顶板相抵触。
作为本发明的优选，所述控制器位于所述驱动轮总成上方，所述驱动轮总成通过驱动轮线束与所述控制器连接，所述驱动轮线束()通过所述驱动轮总成上方位置的回转轴孔导出，所述回转轴孔的轴心线和所述驱动轮总成回转中心线同心，所述回转轴孔位于驱动轮架上。
作为本发明的优选，所述驱动轮总成包含驱动轮架，所述驱动轮架上安装的轴承为上下分布的双轴承。
作为本发明的优选，所述驱动轮总成包含驱动轮架，所述驱动轮架上安装的轴承为单个的双列轴承。
作为本发明的优选，所述手柄与所述驱动轮总成连接，所述控制器、所述泵站和所述顶升装置与所述立柱体连接。
作为本发明的优选，还包含电池箱箱体，所述电池箱箱体与所述立柱体安装连接。
作为本发明的优选，所述控制器和所述泵站到所述背板的距离一致。
作为本发明的优选，所述背板远离所述顶升装置的一面设有与所述主车架连接的背加固板，所述上顶板和所述背板共同连接有侧板。
作为本发明的优选，所述主车架上连接有货叉，所述货叉位于所述立柱体远离所述手柄的一侧。
作为本发明的优选，两个所述侧板、一个所述上顶板和一个所述背板形成一个半包围空间，所述顶升装置安装在所述半包围空间中。
作为本发明的优选，还包含覆盖罩，所述覆盖罩、两个所述侧板、一个上顶板和一个所述背板形成供所述控制器、泵站和所述顶升装置安装的安装空间。
作为本发明的优选，所述电池箱箱体包含位于底部的固定槽，所述背加固板用于伸入所述固定槽，在所述固定槽中开设有滑轨槽，所述背加固板上设有导轨，所述导轨在所述滑轨槽内滑动。
作为本发明的优选，所述电池箱箱体靠近所述固定槽上开设有滑入坡，所述滑入坡倾斜设置，所述导轨最上端位置设置有导向坡，所述导向坡的倾斜角度与所述滑入坡的倾斜角度匹配。
 有益效果
  1、 油缸与驱动轮偏心放置，轴心线不重合，油缸更靠近货叉方向，优化了空间安排，整体降低了小车的车身长度。
2、 由于油缸的偏心放置，驱动轮上方的空间自然空了出来，利于驱动轮线束的走线和连接。
3、 泵站、控制器和顶升装置不作为转动件，而作为静止件，磨损少，不容易产生故障或损坏。
4、 泵站、控制器和顶升装置这几个部件不转动，就不容易对操作者产生夹手的风险。
5、 由于泵站、控制器和顶升装置和电池箱箱体之间不相对转动，其中各个部件之间相互连接的电线就保持相对静止，电线就不容易折断或者损坏。
6、 在外侧看不到顶升装置、控制器和泵站这些部件，车辆的整体美观性得到提升。
7、 在杠杆效应下，抵触点与背板之间的距离更短，力臂更短，整个上顶板的稳定性就更强，上顶板不太容易被掀起从而造成倾斜或者破损。
8、 整个车辆的车身长度被缩短，拥有更小的转弯半径。
9、 侧板和背板进一步提升立柱体的结构强度。
10、      背加固板能滑入固位槽中，实现对电池箱的固定，提升运行过程中电池箱的稳定性。
11、      通过导轨和滑轨槽，使得安装和移出便捷省力。
12、      导向坡和滑入坡彼此配合，安装的准确性高，安装效率快。
 附图说明
图1是实施例1的示意图；
图2是图1隐藏覆盖罩的示意图；
图3是图2另一个角度的示意图；
图4是图2另一个角度的示意图；
图5是图4中的A处的细节放大图；
图6是电池箱箱体的示意图；
图7是图6另一个角度的示意图；
图8是现有技术一的示意图；
图9是现有技术二的示意图；
图10是实施例1的侧视图。
图中：
1、立柱体，11、上顶板，12、侧板，13、背板，15、覆盖罩，16、背加固板，17、导轨，171、导向坡，2、主车架，21、电池盖板，31、货叉，32、手柄，33、驱动轮总成，331、驱动轮架，4、电池箱箱体，41、提手槽，42、固位槽，43、滑入坡，44、滑轨槽，45、连接件留口，51、顶升装置， 52、控制器，53、泵站，6、驱动轮线束，L1、驱动轮中心线，L2，油缸轴心线。
 本发明的最佳实施方式
实施例1，如图1和图2所示，一种工业车辆，可以是叉车、堆高车、分拣车等不同种类的车辆类型，本技术方案以叉车为例。包含主车架2，可将整个车辆大致划分为两个总成单位，其中，总成A包含手柄32和驱动轮总成33，与现有技术不同的是，手柄32直接与驱动轮总成33，而非通过泵站支架或者主车架进行连接。
另一个，总成B，包含主车架2，主车架2上连接着立柱体1。顶升装置51、电池箱箱体4、泵站53和控制器52，均在这个总成B的部分。具体的，顶升装置51可以使用油缸类的部件，泵站53用于给顶升装置供油。泵站53和控制器52均可以通过连接件与主车架2固定连接，油缸一端同样连接在主车架2上，另一端，即活塞杆的一端与立柱体1抵触，随着顶升装置51的运作，立柱体1连同货叉31就在竖直方向上进行升降。
在本案中，正如上文所述，总成A包含手柄32和驱动轮总成33，而总成B则包含了顶升装置51、控制器52、泵站53、主车架2、立柱体1等部件，在操作转向的过程中，总成A和总成B之间发生相对转动，但是总成B之间的各个部件是不存在相对转动的。
这样的设计，使得在转向过程中，泵站53、控制器52和顶升装置51不作为转动件，而作为静止件，磨损少，不容易产生故障或损坏；另一方面，这几个部件不转动，就不容易对操作者产生夹手的风险；再次，由于泵站53、控制器52和顶升装置51和电池箱箱体4之间不相对转动，其中各个部件之间相互连接的电线就保持相对静止，电线就不容易折断或者损坏。
如图1、图2和图3所示，立柱体1包含上顶板11、位于两侧的两个侧板12和背板13，还包含覆盖罩15。上顶板11、侧板12、背板13和覆盖罩15相互配合围成一个容纳空间，顶升装置51、控制器52和泵站53均安装在这个容纳空间里。由于这几个包裹部件的存在，在外侧看不到顶升装置51、控制器52和泵站53这些部件，车辆的整体美观性得到提升。
与现有技术不同，关于顶升装置51、控制器52和泵站53的空间排布，本案做了重新设计。如图2所示，在现有技术中，图中的控制器52、顶升装置51、泵站53，原本是一字排开，依次从左到右排布。但在本案中，首先，顶升装置51放在了图中最右侧，即最靠近背板13的位置，而控制器52和泵站53则位于同一个侧面，这两个部件距离背板13的位置相同。
这样的位置设计，存在至少两个有益效果。一方面，顶升装置51与背板13更靠近，即顶升装置51与上顶板11的下表面存在抵触点，这个抵触点的位置更靠近背板13。在杠杆效应下，抵触点与背板13之间的距离更短，力臂更短，整个上顶板11的稳定性就更强，上顶板11不太容易被掀起从而造成倾斜或者破损。另一方面，这样的空间排布使得顶升装置51位于上顶板11、侧板12和背板13围成的空间内，而控制器52和泵站53又是同侧同距放置，使得这样的放置方式更为紧凑，整个车辆的车身长度被缩短，拥有更小的转弯半径。
立柱体1也采用了加固设计。如图1、图2和图3所示，侧板12上端与上顶板11连接，同时侧板12的侧面与背板13连接，侧板12增加了上顶板11的结构强度，防止上顶板11的形变和倾斜。在背板13的背部，即远离顶升装置51一侧设有背加固板16，被加固板16侧面与背板13连接，底面与其他连接板连接，也是增加了对于背板13的后背支撑力。
在本案中，背加固板16的作用有两个，一个是在顶升的过程中，给整个立柱体1背部的结构支撑力，增加其平稳性；另一个作用是作为支撑件去支撑和固定电池箱。
如图4、图5和图6所示，电池箱包含电池箱箱体4，上部位置设有便于工人提手操作的提手槽41，其底部位置开设有固位槽42，固位槽42同样在竖直方向延伸。
为了便于电池箱箱体4的安装和滑入，设有滑入装置。具体的，在背加固板16上设有导轨17，而在固位槽42中还开设有与导轨17配合的滑轨槽44，整个电池箱能更顺利地滑入和滑出。
更进一步的，由于工人手持电池箱下放过程中，视野会被电池箱遮挡，为了增加安装的顺利性和便捷性，在导轨17上设有导向坡171，在电池箱箱体4靠近固位槽42位置也相应的设有如图4所示的滑入坡43。导向坡171和滑入坡43均倾斜设置，倾斜的角度一致，坡度彼此配合，起到滑入安装导向的作用。
电池箱中的电池部件需要诸如电线或者其他连接件与主车架2上的部件电连接，所以在电池箱箱体4上特别设有连接件留口45，位置同样设在底部靠近固位槽42的位置。
如图8所示，图8是现有技术一的一种空间排布方式，这种方式中，手柄32是连接在一个连接架上，顶升装置51同样为油缸，油缸就安装在驱动轮的正上方。油缸的缸体的中轴线，即油缸轴心线L2，在竖直方向延伸。而驱动轮的轮心所在的位置与地面的垂直连线为驱动轮中心线L1，在本案中，L1和L2重合，在一条连接线上。在这样的结构下，驱动轮上方的位置被油缸占据，而控制器52在更靠近货叉的方向，此时就需要在一部分车架上开设连接孔，驱动轮线束6从这个连接孔处出来连接控制器52，不仅需要对线束进行导引，还需要弯折。
如图9所示，图9是现有技术二的一种空间排布方式， L1和L2同样是重合，油缸在驱动轮的上方，但两者之间具备一个高度空缺。手柄32与驱动轮连接。这样的缺陷有二，一方面，与现有技术一一样，依旧需要在车架上面打一个出线口，驱动轮线束从这个出线口导出，经过多个弯折连接控制器52。另一方面，在转动过程中，驱动轮、油缸、泵站、控制器等多个部件之间均要发生相对转动。
如图10所示，图10是本技术方案的空间排布，L1和L2两条线不重合，其中，油缸轴心线L2已经更靠向货叉，更远离手柄32，这就使得驱动轮上方的位置空了出来，而控制器52则在驱动轮上方。这样的方式，除了上方说的优化空间，缩短车身总长外，对于线束的连接有着良好的优化。在本技术方案中，不需要额外对连接件进行开孔，驱动轮线束6直接通过回转轴孔出，与控制器52连接，也不需要折弯，利于线束的保养维护。
此外，这样的连接方式控制器52、泵站53和顶升装置51三个部件作为一个主体，不发生相对转动，手柄32直接与驱动轮总成33连接。
这样的连接方式,驱动轮总成33位置会具备更大的扭力,为了匹配扭力,轴承做了加固处理,可以使用上下各一个的双轴承设计,也可以采用一个较大的双列轴承。
在驱动轮总成33上包含驱动轮轮体和与驱动轮轮体连接的驱动轮架331，回转轴孔就位于驱动轮架331中部，线束就直接从驱动轮架331的回转轴孔出。关于各个部件的具体安装方式，控制器52和泵站53均安装在顶升装置51上，而顶升装置的下端安装在驱动轮架331上，上端则与立柱体1的上顶板11抵触。而驱动轮架331上设有铰接部件，这个铰接部件如现有技术中的圆环棒或旋转臂等部件，铰接部件连接着立柱体1。
由于电池位于车架，现有技术控制器，油泵跟随驱动轮旋转时会与电池产生旋转相对运动，同时也和驱动轮上方的回转轴孔产生旋转相对运动，电缆会有较大弯折，伸长缩短。而本方案控制器和油泵与电池间消除了旋转位移，仅保留了原升降时的上下和轻微摆动位移，同时控制器和回转轴孔间没有相对位移，使中间穿过的电缆弯折和伸长缩短极大改善，有效提高电缆寿命，降低故障率。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种工业车辆，包含手柄(32)、主车架（2）和驱动轮总成（33），其特征在于：所述主车架（2）上安装有立柱体（1），所述立柱体（1）与货叉（31）连接，所述立柱体（1）包括上顶板（11），该种工业车辆还包含控制器（52）、泵站（53）和与所述上顶板（11）抵触的顶升装置（51）；在水平方向，所述顶升装置（51）较所述控制器（52）与所述泵站（53）更靠近所述货叉（31）。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种工业车辆，其特征在于：所述手柄（32）与所述驱动轮总成（33）连接，所述控制器（52）、所述泵站（53）和所述顶升装置（51）与所述立柱体（1）连接。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种工业车辆，其特征在于：还包含电池箱箱体（4），所述电池箱箱体（4）与所述立柱体（1）安装连接。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的一种工业车辆，其特征在于：还包含与所述上顶板（11）连接的背板（13），所述控制器（52）和所述泵站（53）到所述背板（13）的距离一致。
  5. 根据权利要求1或2或3或4所述的一种工业车辆，其特征在于：还包含与所述上顶板（11）连接的背板（13），所述上顶板（11）和所述背板（13）共同连接有侧板（12）。
  6. 根据权利要求1或2或3或4所述的一种工业车辆，其特征在于：所述货叉（31）位于所述立柱体（1）远离所述手柄（32）的一侧。
  7. 根据权利要求5所述的一种工业车辆，其特征在于：两个所述侧板（12）、一个所述上顶板（11）和一个所述背板（13）形成一个半包围空间，所述顶升装置（51）安装在所述半包围空间中。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的一种工业车辆，其特征在于：还包含覆盖罩（15），所述覆盖罩（15）、两个所述侧板（12）、一个上顶板（11）和一个所述背板（13）形成供所述控制器（52）、泵站（53）和所述顶升装置（51）安装的安装空间。
  9. 根据权利要求3所述的一种工业车辆，其特征在于：还包含与所述上顶板（11）连接的背板（13），所述背板（13）远离所述顶升装置（51）的一面设有与所述主车架（2）连接的背加固板（16），所述电池箱箱体（4）包含位于底部的固定槽（42），所述背加固板（16）用于伸入所述固定槽（42），在所述固定槽（42）中开设有滑轨槽（44），所述背加固板（16）上设有导轨（17），所述导轨（17）在所述滑轨槽（44）内滑动。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的一种工业车辆，其特征在于：所述电池箱箱体（4）靠近所述固定槽（42）上开设有滑入坡（43），所述滑入坡（43）倾斜设置，所述导轨（17）最上端位置设置有导向坡（171），所述导向坡（171）的倾斜角度与所述滑入坡（43）的倾斜角度匹配。
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