WO2020015022A1 - 一种缓冲壁流式多孔道阻火器 - Google Patents

一种缓冲壁流式多孔道阻火器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020015022A1
WO2020015022A1 PCT/CN2018/098234 CN2018098234W WO2020015022A1 WO 2020015022 A1 WO2020015022 A1 WO 2020015022A1 CN 2018098234 W CN2018098234 W CN 2018098234W WO 2020015022 A1 WO2020015022 A1 WO 2020015022A1
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Prior art keywords
channel
flame
wall
flame arrester
buffer
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PCT/CN2018/098234
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
朱跃进
潘振华
杨志伟
张彭岗
潘剑锋
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江苏大学
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Application filed by 江苏大学 filed Critical 江苏大学
Priority to US16/627,105 priority Critical patent/US11465003B2/en
Priority to GB1914092.0A priority patent/GB2576832B/en
Publication of WO2020015022A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020015022A1/zh

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C4/00—Flame traps allowing passage of gas but not of flame or explosion wave
    • A62C4/02—Flame traps allowing passage of gas but not of flame or explosion wave in gas-pipes

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the field of flame arresters, and particularly relates to a buffer wall flow type multi-channel flame arrester.
  • flame arresters can be divided into deflagration-resistant and detonation-resistant.
  • deflagration-resistant pipeline flame arresters can prevent the propagation and spread of subsonic flames
  • detonation-resistant pipeline flame arresters can prevent the supersonic flame. Spread and spread.
  • the general traditional flame arrester is mainly composed of a flame arrester and a flame arrester shell.
  • the flame arrester mainly quenches the deflagration or detonation flame in the pipeline, and is the main component to prevent the flame from spreading.
  • the internal expansion cavity formed by the flame arrester shell mainly reduces the propagation speed of the deflagration or detonation flame and the pressure of the flame front, which should have a higher strength.
  • the present invention designs a buffer wall flow type porous channel flame arrester and a Z-shaped wall flow porous channel flame core structure, which changes the direction of flame flow and increases the flame during the combustion process.
  • a new type of buffer shroud is designed on the inlet end face of the Z-shaped wall flow porous channel flame barrier.
  • a buffer wall flow type multi-channel fire arrester includes an air inlet pipe, two pairs of flange groups, a flame arrester housing, a flame arrester flange, an air outlet pipe, a flame arrester expansion cavity, a buffer shunt cover, and a multi-channel flame arrester.
  • the flame arrester casing includes two parts, a front wall and a rear wall.
  • the air inlet duct is connected to the front wall of the flame arrester casing through a first flange group, and the rear wall of the flame arrester casing is connected to the air outlet duct through a second flange group.
  • a buffer shunt cover and a Z-shaped wall flow porous channel fire resistance core are installed between the front wall of the casing and the rear wall of the casing.
  • the opening of the buffer shunt cover is fixedly connected with the Z-shaped wall flow porous channel flame resistance core, and the flame arrester is installed.
  • the front wall of the casing and the rear wall of the casing are fixed by the flame arrester flange to achieve the sealing effect.
  • Both the front wall and the rear wall of the flame arrester shell form a flame arrester expansion cavity, the inner diameter of the expansion cavity is 2.5 times the diameter of the intake duct, and the expansion angles of the front wall and the rear wall are both 120 °.
  • the buffer shunt cover is a round-bottomed flat-cylinder cylindrical grille or a hemispherical grille.
  • the interior is hollow and the opening faces the rear wall of the flame arrester shell.
  • the entire surface of the cover body is distributed with rectangular holes, square holes, diamond holes, round holes, Oblong, hexagonal, or octagonal holes.
  • the inner diameter of the hood is equal to the diameter of the intake duct, and the length of the hood is equal to the inner diameter of the hood.
  • the inner diameter of the hood is equal to the inner diameter of the expansion chamber of the flame arrester, and the length of the hood is equal to 1/2 of the inner diameter of the expansion chamber of the flame arrester.
  • the size of the buffer shunt can be adjusted according to the combustion characteristics of the fuel, so as to achieve the best fire resistance performance.
  • the porous channel fire-blocking core is a Z-shaped wall-flow porous channel fire-blocking core, and the outer wall of the Z-type wall-flow porous channel fire-blocking core is in contact with the inner wall of the flame arrester shell, and the Z-type wall-flow porous channel fire-blocking core
  • Each fluid channel includes channel A and channel B. Among them, the outlet of channel A is blocked, the inlet of channel B is blocked, and small holes c are opened on the wall between all adjacent channels.
  • Channel A is connected to adjacent channel B on one side, channel A and adjacent channel B 'on the other side; that is, the channels blocked by the upper and lower inlets are communicated with the channels blocked by the outlet, and the gas enters from channel A. , Can flow out from both channel B and channel B ′.
  • the porous channel fire-blocking core is a Z-shaped wall-flow porous channel fire-blocking core, the outer wall of the Z-type wall-flow porous channel fire-blocking core is in contact with the inner wall of the flame arrester shell, and the Z-type wall-flow porous channel fire-blocking core
  • each fluid channel includes channel A and channel B, where the outlet of channel A is blocked, the inlet of channel B is blocked, and small holes c are opened on the wall between all adjacent channels
  • Channel A is connected to the adjacent channels B, B1, B2, and B3, which are adjacent to each other. That is, the channels blocked by the upper, lower, left, and right inlets are all connected to the channels blocked by the middle outlet. Gas enters from channel A and can pass from channel B. , B1, B2, B3 can all flow out.
  • the channels A and B have the same height.
  • All the small holes c are in the same height direction of the middle cross section of the Z-shaped wall-flow porous channel fire resistance core, and the diameter of the small holes c is equal to 1-2 times the height of the channel A.
  • the material of the flame arrester casing, the buffer shunt cover and the porous channel flame retarder is carbon steel or stainless steel.
  • the buffer shunt shields the stronger flame and pressure wave in the middle of the expansion space of the flame arrester and blocks the diffraction, thereby reducing the Z-shaped wall Frontal gas pressure at the center of the flow channel resistance core.
  • the flame of the central part enters the inside of the cover through the small hole in the buffer shroud cover body, and then enters through the entrance of the channel that is not blocked by the inlet end of the Z-shaped wall flow channel fire resisting core.
  • the outlet end face of the channel is blocked, which will force the flame to enter the adjacent channel from the opening of the channel wall surface and then flow out from the outlet of the adjacent channel.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a buffer wall flow type porous channel flame arrester according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is three views of the buffer shroud according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention, a- front view, b- top view, and c- left view.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a buffer wall flow type porous channel flame arrester according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a buffer shunt hood according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the entrance of a Z-shaped wall flow porous channel flame retarder in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the gas flow inside the Z-shaped wall flow porous channel of the refractory core according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the entrance of a Z-shaped wall flow porous channel flame retarder in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the gas flow when the fluid channels are arranged differently in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • a buffer wall flow type multi-channel flame arrester includes an air inlet pipe 1, three pairs of flange groups, a flame arrester housing 3, a flame arrester flange 5, an air outlet pipe 9, and a flame arrester expansion cavity 4.
  • the flame arrester housing 3 includes a front wall of the flame arrester housing and a rear wall of the flame arrester housing, and the air inlet pipe 1 passes through the first flange Group 2 is connected to the front wall of the flame arrester casing, and the rear wall of the flame arrester casing is connected to the air outlet pipe 9 through the second flange group 8.
  • the buffer shunt cover 6 and Z type are installed between the front wall of the flame arrester casing and the rear wall of the casing.
  • Wall-flow porous channel fire-blocking core 7, the opening of the buffer shunt cover 6 is fixedly connected to the Z-shaped wall-flow porous channel fire-blocking core 7;
  • the front wall of the flame arrester casing 3 can be embedded in the rear wall of the casing and pass through the flame arrester flange 5 is fixed; and the flame arrester housing 3 front and rear walls form a flame arrester expansion cavity 4, the inner diameter of which is about 2.5 times the diameter of the intake duct 1, the expansion angle of the front wall and the rear wall are 120 °;
  • the buffer shroud 6 is a round-bottomed flat-cylinder cylindrical grille with a hollow interior and an opening facing the rear wall of the flame arrester shell; rectangular holes, square holes, diamond holes, round holes, An oblong hole, a hexagonal hole, or an octagonal hole; the inner diameter of the casing is equal to the diameter of the intake duct 1, and the length of the casing is equal to the diameter of the casing.
  • the outer wall 7 of the Z-shaped wall-flow porous channel fire-blocking core is in contact with the inner wall of the flame arrester housing 3, as shown in FIG.
  • the channel includes channel A and channel B, as shown in FIG. 5, where the outlet of channel A is blocked and the inlet of channel B is blocked, and small holes c are opened on the walls between all adjacent channels, so that channels A and The adjacent channels B, A and A 'on the other side are connected; that is, the channels blocked by the upper and lower inlets are all connected with the channels blocked by the outlet.
  • the channel B can also flow out from the channel B '.
  • the heights of the channels A and B are equal.
  • All the small holes c are in the same height direction of the middle cross section of the Z-shaped wall-flow porous channel fire resistance core, and the diameter of the small holes c is equal to 1-2 times the height of the channel A.
  • the materials of the flame arrester housing 3, the buffer shunt cover 6 and the Z-shaped wall-flow porous channel flame retarder 7 are carbon steel and stainless steel.
  • a buffer wall flow type multi-channel flame arrester includes an intake pipe 1, three pairs of flange groups, a flame arrester housing 3, a flame arrester flange 5, an air outlet pipe 9, and a flame arrester expansion cavity 4. , Buffer shroud 6 and Z-shaped wall flow porous channel flame wick 7;
  • the flame arrester housing 3 includes a front wall of the flame arrester housing and a rear wall of the flame arrester housing.
  • the air inlet pipe 1 is connected to the front wall of the flame arrester housing through the first flange group 2 and the rear wall of the flame arrester housing passes through.
  • the second flange group 8 is connected to the air outlet pipe 9.
  • a buffer shunt cover 6 and a Z-shaped wall flow porous fire resistance core 7 are installed between the front wall of the flame arrester housing and the rear wall of the housing.
  • the opening of the buffer shunt cover 6 It is fixedly connected to the Z-shaped wall-flow porous channel flame arrestor 7; the front wall of the flame arrester housing 3 can be embedded in the rear wall of the housing and fixed by the flame arrester flange 5; and the front wall and the rear wall of the flame arrester housing 3 form a resistance.
  • the firearm expansion cavity 4 has an inner diameter of about 2.5 times the diameter of the intake duct 1 and the expansion angles of the front wall and the rear wall are both 120 °;
  • the buffer shroud 6 is a hemispherical grille with a hollow interior and an opening facing the rear wall of the flame arrester shell; rectangular holes, square holes, diamond holes, round holes, and long round holes are distributed on the entire surface of the cover body. , Hexagonal hole or octagonal hole; the inner diameter of the cover is equal to the inner diameter of the flame arrester expansion cavity 4, and the length of the cover is equal to 1/2 of the inner diameter of the flame arrester expansion cavity 4.
  • the outer wall 7 of the Z-shaped wall-flow porous channel fire-blocking core is in contact with the inner wall of the flame arrester housing 3.
  • the Z-shaped wall-flow porous channel fire-blocking core 7 has several fluid channels inside, each fluid
  • the channel includes channel A and channel B, as shown in Figure 5, where the outlet of channel A is blocked and the entrance of channel B is blocked, and small holes c are opened on the wall between all adjacent channels, so that channel A It is in communication with the adjacent channels B, B1, B2, B3, which are up, down, left, and right; that is, the channels blocked by the upper, lower, left, and right inlets are connected with the channels blocked by the middle outlet. It can flow out from the channels B, B1, B2, B3.
  • the heights of the channels A and B are equal.
  • All the small holes c are in the same height direction of the middle cross section of the Z-shaped wall-flow porous channel fire resistance core, and the diameter of the small holes c is equal to 1-2 times the height of the channel A.
  • the materials of the flame arrester housing 3, the buffer shunt cover 6 and the Z-shaped wall-flow porous channel flame retarder 7 are carbon steel and stainless steel.
  • the buffer shunt cover 6 buffers and diverts the stronger flames and pressure waves in the middle of the flame arrester expansion cavity 4 to block the diffraction, thereby reducing the center of the Z-shaped wall flow porous core 7 Positive gas pressure.
  • the flame of the central part passes through the small holes in the cover of the buffer shunt cover 6 and enters the inside of the cover body, and then enters through the entrance of the channel that is not blocked at the inlet end of the Z-shaped wall flow porous channel resistance core 7, because of this part of the resistance
  • the end face of the outlet of the wick channel is blocked, which will force the flame into the adjacent channel from the opening of the channel wall surface, and then flow out from the outlet of the adjacent channel. This will greatly increase the probability of collision of free radicals with the channel wall surface during the combustion process. Conducive to flame quenching.
  • the flames near the flame arrester expansion cavity 4 without passing through the buffer shroud 6 can pass directly through the flame arrester expansion cavity 4 and can directly enter the Z-shaped wall flow porous channel flame arrestor core 7, which also increases the free radicals and The collision probability of the wall of the channel is conducive to the occurrence of flame quenching.

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Abstract

一种缓冲壁流式多孔道阻火器，包括缓冲分流罩（6）和Z型壁流多孔道阻火芯（7）；缓冲分流罩（6）外形为圆底平口圆柱或半球形，罩体表面分布有小孔；Z型壁流多孔道阻火芯（7）内部布满孔道，相邻的两个孔道中，一个入口被堵住，另一个出口被堵住，在阻火芯（7）中间横截面的高度方向上，相邻孔道的中间壁面开孔，上下两条孔道组成流体通道。当燃气管道中出现爆燃或爆轰火焰时，高速传播的火焰和强压力波先与缓冲分流罩（6）作用，在一定程度上减轻阻火芯（7）中心处的气体压力，降低火焰传播速度，火焰通过Z型壁流多孔道阻火芯（7），使得燃烧过程中已经激发的自由基与通道壁面的碰撞几率大大增加，有利于发生火焰淬熄，从而提高安全性。

Description

一种缓冲壁流式多孔道阻火器 技术领域
本发明属于阻火器领域，具体涉及一种缓冲壁流式多孔道阻火器。
背景技术
在工业实际中，石油产品的储罐或可燃气体的输送管线等应用中往往需要安装各类阻火器，这是为了当因各种意外导致着火后，能迅速抑制火焰的传播、发展乃至爆轰，从而极大地提高安全性。
从功能上来说，阻火器可分为阻爆燃型和阻爆轰型，其中阻爆燃型管道阻火器能够阻止亚音速火焰的传播和蔓延，而阻爆轰型管道阻火器能够阻止超音速火焰的传播和扩散。从结构上讲，一般传统的阻火器主要由阻火芯和阻火器壳体组成，其中阻火芯主要使管道中的爆燃或爆轰火焰发生淬熄，是阻止火焰传播的主要构件，而由阻火器壳体形成的内部扩张腔主要使爆燃或爆轰火焰的传播速度和火焰面前锋的压力降低，应具有较高强度。
目前，火焰在阻火器中的淬熄机理存在两种观点：传热作用与器壁效应。基于传热作用的观点认为，火焰经过阻火器的细小狭缝时将变成许多细小的火焰，小火焰接触温度较低的狭缝壁面会将热量热传导至狭缝壁面，使得其温度迅速下降，当温度不足以维持燃料继续燃烧时火焰熄灭。而器壁效应认为，燃烧是因为反应物分子键遭到破坏，产生寿命很短但很活泼的自由基，自由基与其它分子相撞产生新自由基使得反应持续进行，当火焰通过阻火器的狭缝时，自由基与壁面碰撞几率增大，参加反应的自由基急剧减少，反应不能继续进行时便发生淬熄。在火焰通过传统的阻火芯时，自由基与壁面碰撞几率相对较小，且传热作用也不是很明显，阻火效果不是很好。另外，已有研究发现在阻火器扩张腔燃气进口方向加一缓冲隔离板，可使得火焰传播速度和火焰面前锋的压力波均出现一定衰减，阻火效果得到显著提升，但设置缓冲隔离板的同时也增加了燃气的流动阻力。
发明内容
为解决现有技术中存在的问题，本发明设计了一种缓冲壁流式多孔道阻火器，一种Z型壁流多孔道阻火芯结构，使火焰流动方向发生改变，增加燃烧过程中火焰和器壁的传热效果和自由基与通道壁面的碰撞几率，同时在Z型壁流多孔道阻火芯的进口端面设计了一种新型的缓冲分流罩，当出现爆燃或爆轰火焰时，缓冲分流罩可降低火焰传播速 度和火焰面前锋的压力，从而使阻火器对火焰的淬熄能力大大提升，提高安全性。
一种缓冲壁流式多孔道阻火器，包括进气管道、两对法兰组、阻火器壳体、阻火器法兰、出气管道、阻火器扩张腔、缓冲分流罩和多孔道阻火芯。
所述阻火器壳体包括前壁和后壁两部分，进气管道通过第一法兰组连接阻火器壳体前壁，阻火器壳体后壁通过第二法兰组连接出气管道，阻火器壳体前壁和壳体后壁之间安装有缓冲分流罩和Z型壁流多孔道阻火芯，所述缓冲分流罩的开口与Z型壁流多孔道阻火芯固定连接，且阻火器壳体前壁和壳体后壁并通过阻火器法兰固定，达到密封的效果。
所述阻火器壳体前壁和后壁均形成阻火器扩张腔，其扩张腔的内径取进气管道直径的2.5倍，前壁和后壁的扩张角均为120°。
所述缓冲分流罩为圆底平口圆柱格栅或半球形格栅，内部中空，开口朝向阻火器壳体后壁方向；整个罩体表面分布有长方孔、正方孔、菱形孔、圆孔、长圆孔、六边形孔或八边形孔。
所述缓冲分流罩为圆底平口圆柱格栅时，罩体内径等于进气管道直径，罩体长度等于罩体内径。
所述缓冲分流罩为半球形格栅时，罩体内径等于阻火器扩张腔的内径，罩体长度等于阻火器扩张腔内径的1/2。
该缓冲分流罩的尺寸可根据燃料的燃烧特性做调整，以达到阻火性能最优。
进一步地，所述多孔道阻火芯为Z型壁流多孔道阻火芯，Z型壁流多孔道阻火芯外壁与阻火器壳体内壁接触，所述Z型壁流多孔道阻火芯内部设有数层流体通道，每个流体通道包括孔道A和孔道B，其中，孔道A的出口被堵，孔道B的入口被堵，且所有相邻孔道间的壁面上均开有小孔c，使孔道A和一侧相邻的孔道B、孔道A和另一侧相邻的孔道B’均连通；即上下入口被堵住的孔道均与出口被堵住的孔道连通，燃气从孔道A进入，既能从孔道B流出，也能从孔道B′流出。
进一步地：所述多孔道阻火芯为Z型壁流多孔道阻火芯，Z型壁流多孔道阻火芯外壁与阻火器壳体内壁接触，所述Z型壁流多孔道阻火芯内部设有数个流体通道，每个流体通道包括孔道A和孔道B，其中，孔道A的出口被堵，孔道B的入口被堵，且所有相邻孔道间的壁面上均开有小孔c，使孔道A与上下左右相邻的孔道B，B1，B2，B3均连通；即上下左右入口被堵住的孔道均与中间出口被堵住的孔道连通，燃气从孔道A进入，可以从孔道B，B1，B2，B3都可以流出。
孔道A和孔道B的高度相等。
所有小孔c在Z型壁流多孔道阻火芯中间横截面的同一高度方向上，小孔c直径等于孔道A高度的1-2倍。
所述阻火器壳体、缓冲分流罩和多孔道阻火芯所用材质为碳钢或不锈钢。
缓冲壁流式多孔道阻火器的工作方法，当出现爆燃或爆轰火焰时，缓冲分流罩对阻火器扩张腔中部比较强的火焰和压力波进行缓冲分流和阻隔绕射，从而减轻Z型壁流多孔道阻火芯中心处的正面气体压力。然后，中心部分的火焰穿过缓冲分流罩罩体上的小孔进入罩体内部，再由Z型壁流多孔道阻火芯进口端面没有被封堵的孔道入口进入，由于这部分阻火芯孔道出口端面被封堵，将迫使火焰从通道壁面的开口进入相邻孔道，而后从相邻孔道的出口流出，这会使得燃烧过程中的自由基与通道壁面的碰撞几率大大增加，有利于发生火焰淬熄。靠近阻火器扩张腔四周没有经过缓冲分流罩的火焰，在经过阻火器扩张腔之后，可以直接进入Z型壁流多孔道阻火芯，同样增大了燃烧过程中的自由基与通道壁面的碰撞几率，有利于发生火焰淬熄。
本发明的有益效果为：
当燃气管道中出现爆燃或爆轰火焰时，高速传播的火焰和强压力波先与缓冲分流罩作用，可在一定程度上减轻阻火芯中心处的气体压力，同时，也可降低火焰传播速度，而后，火焰通过Z型壁流多孔道阻火芯，使得燃烧过程中已经激发的自由基与通道壁面的碰撞几率大大增加，有利于发生火焰淬熄，从而提高安全性。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例1的一种缓冲壁流式多孔道阻火器示意图。
图2为本发明实施例1的缓冲分流罩三视图，a-主视图，b-俯视图，c-左视图。
图3为本发明实施例2的一种缓冲壁流式多孔道阻火器示意图。
图4为本发明实施例2的缓冲分流罩示意图。
图5为本发明实施例1的Z型壁流多孔道阻火芯入口示意图。
图6为本发明实施例1的Z型壁流多孔道阻火芯内部气体流动示意图。
图7为本发明实施例2的Z型壁流多孔道阻火芯入口示意图。
图8为本发明实施例2中流体通道不同排布方式时气体流动示意图。
附图标记说明：1-进气管道；2-第一法兰组；3-阻火器壳体；4-阻火器扩张腔；5-阻火器法兰；6-缓冲分流罩；7-Z型壁流多孔道阻火芯；8-第二法兰组；9-出气管道。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图以及具体实施例对本发明作进一步说明，但本发明的保护范围并不限于此。
实施例1
如图1所示，一种缓冲壁流式多孔道阻火器，包括进气管道1、三对法兰组、阻火器壳体3、阻火器法兰5、出气管道9、阻火器扩张腔4、缓冲分流罩6和Z型壁流多孔道阻火芯7；所述阻火器壳体3包括阻火器壳体前壁和阻火器壳体后壁两部分，进气管道1通过第一法兰组2连接阻火器壳体前壁，阻火器壳体后壁通过第二法兰组8连接出气管道9，阻火器壳体前壁和壳体后壁之间安装有缓冲分流罩6和Z型壁流多孔道阻火芯7，所述缓冲分流罩6的开口与Z型壁流多孔道阻火芯7固定连接；阻火器壳体3前壁可嵌入壳体后壁并通过阻火器法兰5固定；且阻火器壳体3前壁和后壁均形成阻火器扩张腔4，其内径为进气管道1直径的2.5倍左右，前壁和后壁的扩张角均为120°；
如图2所示，缓冲分流罩6为圆底平口圆柱格栅，内部中空，开口朝向阻火器壳体后壁方向；整个罩体表面分布有长方孔、正方孔、菱形孔、圆孔、长圆孔、六边形孔或八边形孔；罩体内径等于进气管道1直径，罩体长度等于罩体内径。
所述Z型壁流多孔道阻火芯外壁7与阻火器壳体3内壁接触，如图6所示，所述Z型壁流多孔道阻火芯7内部设有数层流体通道，每个流体通道包括孔道A和孔道B，如图5所示，其中，孔道A的出口被堵，孔道B的入口被堵，且所有相邻孔道间的壁面上均开有小孔c，使孔道A和一侧相邻的孔道B、孔道A和另一侧相邻的孔道B’均连通；即上下入口被堵住的孔道均与出口被堵住的孔道连通，燃气从孔道A进入，既能从孔道B流出，也能从孔道B′流出。
所述孔道A和孔道B的高度相等。
所有小孔c在Z型壁流多孔道阻火芯中间横截面的同一高度方向上，小孔c直径等于孔道A高度的1-2倍。
所述阻火器壳体3、缓冲分流罩6和Z型壁流多孔道阻火芯7所用材质为碳钢和不锈钢。
实施例2
如图3所示，一种缓冲壁流式多孔道阻火器，包括进气管道1、三对法兰组、阻火器壳体3、阻火器法兰5、出气管道9、阻火器扩张腔4、缓冲分流罩6和Z型壁流多孔道阻火芯7；
所述阻火器壳体3包括阻火器壳体前壁和阻火器壳体后壁两部分，进气管道1通过第一法兰组2连接阻火器壳体前壁，阻火器壳体后壁通过第二法兰组8连接出气管道9，阻火器壳体前壁和壳体后壁之间安装有缓冲分流罩6和Z型壁流多孔道阻火芯7，所述缓冲分流罩6的开口与Z型壁流多孔道阻火芯7固定连接；阻火器壳体3前壁可嵌入壳体后壁并通过阻火器法兰5固定；且阻火器壳体3前壁和后壁均形成阻火器扩张腔4，其内径为进气管道1直径的2.5倍左右，前壁和后壁的扩张角均为120°；
如图4所示，缓冲分流罩6为半球形格栅，内部中空，开口朝向阻火器壳体后壁方向；整个罩体表面分布有长方孔、正方孔、菱形孔、圆孔、长圆孔、六边形孔或八边形孔；罩体内径等于阻火器扩张腔4的内径，罩体长度等于阻火器扩张腔4内径的1/2。
所述Z型壁流多孔道阻火芯外壁7与阻火器壳体3内壁接触，如图7所示，所述Z型壁流多孔道阻火芯7内部设有数个流体通道，每个流体通道包括孔道A和孔道B，同样如图5所示，其中，孔道A的出口被堵，孔道B的入口被堵，且所有相邻孔道间的壁面上均开有小孔c，使孔道A与上下左右相邻的孔道B，B1，B2，B3均连通；即上下左右入口被堵住的孔道均与中间出口被堵住的孔道连通，同样如图5所示，燃气从孔道A进入，可以从孔道B，B1，B2，B3都可以流出。
所述孔道A和孔道B的高度相等。
所有小孔c在Z型壁流多孔道阻火芯中间横截面的同一高度方向上，小孔c直径等于孔道A高度的1-2倍。
所述阻火器壳体3、缓冲分流罩6和Z型壁流多孔道阻火芯7所用材质为碳钢和不锈钢。
当出现爆燃或爆轰火焰时，缓冲分流罩6对阻火器扩张腔4中部比较强的火焰和压力波进行缓冲分流和阻隔绕射，从而减轻Z型壁流多孔道阻火芯7中心处的正面气体压力。然后，中心部分的火焰穿过缓冲分流罩6罩体上的小孔进入罩体内部，再由Z型壁流多孔道阻火芯7进口端面没有被封堵的孔道入口进入，由于这部分阻火芯孔道出口端面被封堵，将迫使火焰从通道壁面的开口进入相邻孔道，而后从相邻孔道的出口流出，这会使得燃烧过程中的自由基与通道壁面的碰撞几率大大增加，有利于发生火焰淬熄。靠近阻火器扩张腔4四周没有经过缓冲分流罩6的火焰，在经过阻火器扩张腔4之后，可以直接进入Z型壁流多孔道阻火芯7，同样增大了燃烧过程中的自由基与通道壁面的碰撞几率，有利于发生火焰淬熄。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种缓冲壁流式多孔道阻火器，其特征在于，包括进气管道(1)、两对法兰组、阻火器壳体(3)、出气管道(9)、缓冲分流罩(6)和多孔道阻火芯(7)，所述阻火器壳体(3)包括前壁和后壁两部分，进气管道(1)通过第一法兰组(2)连接阻火器壳体前壁，阻火器壳体后壁通过第二法兰组(8)连接出气管道(9)，阻火器壳体前壁和壳体后壁之间安装有缓冲分流罩(6)和多孔道阻火芯(7)，所述缓冲分流罩(6)的开口与多孔道阻火芯(7)固定连接；所述阻火器壳体(3)前壁和壳体后壁通过阻火器法兰(5)固定，且阻火器壳体(3)前壁和后壁均形成阻火器扩张腔(4)。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的一种缓冲壁流式多孔道阻火器，其特征在于，所述阻火器扩张腔(4)的内径取进气管道(1)直径的2.5倍，所述阻火器壳体(3)前壁和后壁的扩张角均为120°。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的一种缓冲壁流式多孔道阻火器，其特征在于，所述缓冲分流罩(6)为圆底平口圆柱格栅或半球形格栅，内部中空，开口朝向阻火器壳体后壁方向；整个罩体表面分布有长方孔、正方孔、菱形孔、圆孔、长圆孔、六边形孔或八边形孔。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的一种缓冲壁流式多孔道阻火器，其特征在于，所述缓冲分流罩(6)为圆底平口圆柱格栅时，罩体内径等于进气管道(1)直径，罩体长度等于罩体内径。
  5. 如权利要求3所述的一种缓冲壁流式多孔道阻火器，其特征在于，所述缓冲分流罩(6)为半球形格栅时，罩体内径等于阻火器扩张腔(4)的内径，罩体长度等于阻火器扩张腔(4)内径的1/2。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的一种缓冲壁流式多孔道阻火器，其特征在于，所述多孔道阻火芯(7)为Z型壁流多孔道阻火芯，Z型壁流多孔道阻火芯外壁与阻火器壳体(3)内壁接触，所述Z型壁流多孔道阻火芯内部设有数层流体通道，每个流体通道包括孔道A和孔道B，其中，孔道A的出口被堵，孔道B的入口被堵，且所有相邻孔道间的壁面上均开有小孔c，使孔道A和一侧相邻的孔道B、孔道A和另一侧相邻的孔道B’均连通。
  7. 如权利要求1所述的一种缓冲壁流式多孔道阻火器，其特征在于，所述多孔道阻火芯(7)为Z型壁流多孔道阻火芯，Z型壁流多孔道阻火芯外壁与阻火器壳体(3)内壁接触，所述Z型壁流多孔道阻火芯内部设有数个流体通道，每个流体通道包括孔道A和孔道B，其中，孔道A的出口被堵，孔道B的入口被堵，且所有相邻孔道间的壁面上均开有小孔c，使孔道A与上下左右相邻的孔道B，B1，B2，B3均连通。
  8. 如权利要求6或7所述的一种缓冲壁流式多孔道阻火器，其特征在于，所述孔道A和孔道B的高度相等。
  9. 如权利要求6或7所述的一种缓冲壁流式多孔道阻火器，其特征在于，所有小孔c在Z型壁流多孔道阻火芯中间横截面的同一高度方向上，小孔c直径等于孔道A高度的1-2倍。
  10. 如权利要求1所述的一种缓冲壁流式多孔道阻火器，其特征在于，所述阻火器壳体(3)、缓冲分流罩(6)和多孔道阻火芯(7)所用材质为碳钢或不锈钢。
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