WO2020011444A1 - Method for strand casting, especially in a vertical casting plant for casting steel - Google Patents

Method for strand casting, especially in a vertical casting plant for casting steel Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020011444A1
WO2020011444A1 PCT/EP2019/063964 EP2019063964W WO2020011444A1 WO 2020011444 A1 WO2020011444 A1 WO 2020011444A1 EP 2019063964 W EP2019063964 W EP 2019063964W WO 2020011444 A1 WO2020011444 A1 WO 2020011444A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
mold
casting
tubular element
strand
immersed
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2019/063964
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Thomas Meier
Stephan Feldhaus
Flurin Heini
Original Assignee
Sms Concast Ag
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sms Concast Ag filed Critical Sms Concast Ag
Priority to CN201980046246.3A priority Critical patent/CN112512725A/en
Publication of WO2020011444A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020011444A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/04—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into open-ended moulds
    • B22D11/041—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into open-ended moulds for vertical casting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/10—Supplying or treating molten metal
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/14—Plants for continuous casting
    • B22D11/141—Plants for continuous casting for vertical casting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D27/00—Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting
    • B22D27/09—Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting by using pressure
    • B22D27/11—Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting by using pressure making use of mechanical pressing devices

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for continuous or semi-continuous continuous casting, in particular in a vertical casting machine for casting steel, in which the strand is lowered in a cooled mold at the end of the casting after the melt supply has stopped in a cooled mold.
  • Such vertical casting plants are known to be used for the production of relatively short strands with larger cross-sectional formats.
  • molten metal from a metallurgical Barrel such as from a pan or an intermediate container, fed through a pouring tube into a water-cooled mold, for example from copper material.
  • the strand that forms is poured vertically downwards until a defined length is reached.
  • the output of these relatively short strands is determined in each case by the volume reduction of the potted material, in particular steel, during the solidification. This reduction in volume means that a funnel is formed at the upper end of the solidified strand without suitable countermeasures.
  • various methods are proposed.
  • a method in such a vertical casting system according to the publication WO-A-2015/101 553 is known, in which liquid metal continues to be supplied to a certain extent after the regular casting process has ended.
  • a heating device positioned around the upper end region of the strand can also be provided, which controls the liquid metal reservoir at the top inside the strand. At least the shrinkage of the metal melt that occurs during solidification can be compensated for and the shrinkage cavity in the upper strand area can be shortened.
  • the object of the invention is to largely overcome these disadvantages and to create a method of the type mentioned at the outset which is characterized by simple handling in the continuous or semi-continuous casting of relatively short large-format strands and a higher output rate of the ver reversible strand thanks to reduced shrinkage cavities and consequently also cost savings.
  • the system according to the invention has the advantage that it is only necessary to immerse the tubular element in the mold and, if necessary, to add isolating casting or covering powder over the molten metal after the casting process has ended. This simple procedure enables better output rates due to the shorter top strand end to be cut away.
  • the invention provides that the outer dimensions of the tubular element are slightly smaller than the inner dimensions of the mold, the one formed in between The gap is dimensioned such that the gap dimension is, for example, approximately the thickness of the strand shell formed in the mold in the normal casting process corresponds or is chosen smaller.
  • the melt in this gap solidifies at a solidification rate given by the mold cooling.
  • a connection between the outer strand shell and the tube material can simultaneously serve as a holding element for the tube element, while in the interior of the tube element the solidification process of the molten metal is continued at a greatly reduced rate of solidification due to the insulating effect of the tube element.
  • the strand which is still liquid in the mold is advantageously lowered to such an extent that the melt displaced to the outside after the insertion of the tube element does not flow out over the mold, but rather rises to approximately the same level as when casting.
  • the outer contour of the tubular element is adapted to the inner contour of the mold in such a way that the gap formed between them is uniformly dimensioned over the entire circumference.
  • tubular element has a uniform wall thickness over the entire length.
  • an inwardly projecting ring extension can be assigned to its lower end.
  • pipe element can also be advantageous for the pipe element to be composed of different pipe segments, for example to modularly construct pipe elements for different casting formats from segment parts.
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic cross section of a rectangular mold and the tube element located therein;
  • 3a to 3d show longitudinal sections of the mold area according to the method according to the invention, likewise simplified and shown schematically;
  • FIG. 4 shows a longitudinal section of the mold area according to FIG. 1 with a
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic cross section of a rectangular mold and a multi-part tubular element located therein.
  • FIG. 1 schematically shows the mold area with a mold 1 of a vertical casting plant 10 which, by means of continuous or semi-continuous continuous casting, is used in particular to produce short, large-format strands.
  • a strand 5 which runs vertically downward from the mold 1 is produced, which is supported from below and can have a length of, for example, a few meters to 20 meters.
  • Conventional cooling zones for solidifying the strand are arranged below the mold, but these are not illustrated in any more detail.
  • FIGS. 3a to 3d The procedure according to the invention after the melt has been fed into the mold, the pouring end of the vertical casting plant 10, is schematically illustrated in FIGS. 3a to 3d, as explained below:
  • FIG. 3a shows the mold 1 during the casting of molten steel through a pouring tube 13 from a metallurgical one, not shown in any more detail Vessel, such as from a pan or from a distributor serving as an intermediate container.
  • the molten steel is continuously poured in a conventional manner at a given fill level 15 at the upper mold end by an adjustable closure member, such as a stopper or a slide closure, and the strand 5 is correspondingly lowered from the mold at a withdrawal speed.
  • the vessel with the pouring tube 13 is removed and, as illustrated in FIG. 3b, the strand 5 and thus the fill level 15 'in the mold are lowered. However, before the fill level 15 'is reached at the lower end of the mold 1, the strand is stopped.
  • a tubular element 2, for example with a weight 19 is inserted into the mold 1 by means of a manipulator (not shown in more detail).
  • Fastening or coupling means in the form of, for example, retractable and extractable bolts 9 or the like are provided for connecting the tubular element with the weight thereon, and releasably engage in corresponding bores in the tubular element.
  • this tube element 2 is immersed with its lower end 2 ′ into the molten metal in the mold 1 in such a way that the fill level of the molten metal rises almost to the upper end of the mold 1, as in casting ,
  • the pipe element 2 is weighted, if necessary, by means of the weight 19, and a liquid metal reservoir 12 is formed in this pipe element, which can be covered at the top with a heat-insulating material, preferably covering powder 11.
  • the raw element 2 is produced as a sleeve-shaped body made of fire-resistant material, the dimensions of which are slightly narrower than the inner dimensions of the mold 1.
  • a gap 7 is formed over the entire circumference of the mold 1, which is dimensioned such that the tube element 2 is located within a strand shell 5 which forms in the mold during casting, while the solidification process of the molten steel is due to the insulating effect in the interior of the tube element of the pipe element is continued with a significantly reduced solidification speed compared to the conditions outside the pipe element.
  • the outer contour of the tubular element 2 is adapted to the inner contour of the mold 1 so that the gap 7 between them is dimensioned with an approximately uniform thickness d over the entire circumference.
  • the melt which is displaced when the tube element is immersed in the gap after it has solidified forms an optimal retaining ring for the tube element, which also has a uniform wall thickness.
  • This formed gap 7 is advantageously dimensioned approximately between 1 and 10% of the inner dimensions of the mold 1, so that an opti painter state can be achieved by this retaining ring comprising the tubular element.
  • the mold and the tubular element are rectangular in cross section. However, they could of course also be designed differently, such as for example round, square, polygonal or in another form.
  • the tube element 2 is immersed in the mold 1 after the end of the supply of melt, as can be seen from FIG. 3c, that its lower end 2 'approximately the depth 14 of the shrinking funnel 12 which forms at the upper end of the strand after the strand has solidified 5 and the melt inside the pipe mentes corresponds.
  • the melting volume inside the tubular element compensates for the volume shrinkage due to solidification of the strand located below the tubular element, whereby it must be ensured that the melt that has not yet stared from the inner tubular volume in can flow down the lower strand.
  • the tube element 2 is preferably dimensioned with its wall thickness in such a way that in the immersed state it has such an immersed volume at the defined depth that the fill level 15 of the molten metal results approximately as far as the upper end of the mold, as during casting.
  • this tube element 2 has a length such that it can protrude beyond the mold 1 in the state in the defined immersed depth at the opposite upper end.
  • a weight 19 which prevents the lighter refractory material of the tubular element from floating in the melt and can also serve as a connecting means with the tubular element for coupling to the manipulator or a crane. So that it can be led from the mold and then immersed in it.
  • this heat-insulating material, preferably covering powder 11, can be filled onto the metal melt 12 in this projecting area of the tubular element.
  • the strand 5 is led out of the mold together with the tube element 2 and, after the melt solidifies within the tube element 2, the upper part 12 of the strand 5 with the tube element 2 immersed therein is separated. So that with the solidification of the poured metal detail resulting shrinkage cavity 14 can be kept short.
  • FIG. 4 shows a variant of a tubular element 22 in the casting phase explained with reference to FIG. 3c. It differs from the tubular element 2 only in that an inwardly projecting ring extension 18 is assigned at its lower end.
  • FIG. 5 shows a cross section of a tube element 24 composed of several tube segments 25, 26 in the mold 1.
  • the outer contour of the tubular element 24 is in turn adapted to the inner contour of the mold 1 in such a way that there is a uniformly thick gap 7 between them over the entire circumference.
  • These pipe segments 25, 26 are, for example, flat-walled or corner-shaped, as shown, and are advantageously mortared to one another. Depending on the size, more or fewer such pipe segments could also be used.
  • this ceramic tube element could be immersed in the melt after the melt supply has stopped while the strand is being lowered in the mold. This would only slightly reduce the level.
  • the ceramic tube element could be provided with a taper in cross-section in the casting direction in its outer and / or inner shape.
  • the tapering of the outer shape could be chosen so that it is adapted to the solidified strand shell, which increases in the casting direction. In this way, the space between the tubular element and the inner shape of the strand could be optimized.
  • the pipe element could theoretically also be made of metal, for example steel, or partly made of ceramic material and partly made of steel be made.
  • a design partially made of steel advantageously on the outside of the tube element allows the tube element to fuse with the melt located in the gap 7 between the tube element and the mold, which, due to the solidification determined by the mold cooling, results in a firm connection between the tube element and the outside strand shell in the gap 7 leads, so that the weight 19 can be removed at a very early point in time after the casting has ended.
  • the tube element could also be pushed into the mold without this gap 7 and in this case have approximately the internal dimensions of the mold.
  • the heat-insulating effect of the tubular element in connection with the possible task of the insulating powder is advantageously chosen such that, despite slowly progressing solidification within the tubular element, a liquid reservoir is held so long that the volume shrinkage in the strand located below the tubular element is due to the more rapidly progressing solidification than there can be approximately or completely compensated for in the melt located within the tube element.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Continuous Casting (AREA)

Abstract

In a process for continuous or semicontinuous strand casting, especially in a vertical casting plant for casting steel, the strand (5), at the end of the casting process, is withdrawn downward in a cooled mould (1) after the melt supply has been stopped. The strand (5) is stopped before the fill level (15') reaches the lower end of the mould (1). The lower end (2') of a pipe element (2) is immersed into the metal melt in the mould (1) in such a way that the fill level (15') of the metal melt rises nearly as far as the upper end of the mould, as is the case during the casting process. This simple procedure enables better output rates owing to the shorter upper end of the strand that has to be cut off.

Description

Verfahren zum Stranggiessen insbesondere bei einer  Process for continuous casting, especially for a
Vertikaigiessaniage zum Abgiessen von Stahl  Vertical ironing system for pouring steel
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum kontinuierlichen oder semi- kontinuierüchen Stranggiessen insbesondere bei einer Vertikalgiessania- ge zum Abgiessen von Stahl, bei dem bei Giessende nach dem Anhalten der Schmelzenzufuhr in einer gekühlten Kokille der Strang abgesenkt wird. The invention relates to a method for continuous or semi-continuous continuous casting, in particular in a vertical casting machine for casting steel, in which the strand is lowered in a cooled mold at the end of the casting after the melt supply has stopped in a cooled mold.
Derartige Vertikalgiessanlagen werden bekanntlich zur Herstellung von verhältnismässig kurzen Strängen mit grösseren Querschnittsformaten eingesetzt. Es wird dabei Metallschmelze aus einem metallurgischen Ge- fäss, wie aus einer Pfanne oder einem Zwischenbehälter, durch ein Giessrohr in eine wassergekühlte Kokille zum Beispiel aus Kupfermateri al zugeführt. Der sich darin bildende Strang wird vertikal nach unten bis zum Erreichen einer definierten Länge gegossen. Das Ausbringen dieser relativ kurzen Stränge wird jeweils durch die Volumenreduktion des ver- gossenen Materials, insbesondere von Stahl, bei der Erstarrung be- stimmt. Diese Volumenreduktion führt dazu, dass sich ohne geeignete Gegenmassnahmen ein Trichter am oberen Ende des erstarrten Stran- ges bildet. Um diesen Trichter zu verringern oder gar zu verhindern und dadurch das Ausbringen der kontinuierlich oder semi-kontinuierlich ver- gossenen Stränge zu erhöhen, werden verschiedenen Verfahren vorge schlagen. Such vertical casting plants are known to be used for the production of relatively short strands with larger cross-sectional formats. Here, molten metal from a metallurgical Barrel, such as from a pan or an intermediate container, fed through a pouring tube into a water-cooled mold, for example from copper material. The strand that forms is poured vertically downwards until a defined length is reached. The output of these relatively short strands is determined in each case by the volume reduction of the potted material, in particular steel, during the solidification. This reduction in volume means that a funnel is formed at the upper end of the solidified strand without suitable countermeasures. In order to reduce or even prevent this funnel and thereby increase the output of the continuously or semi-continuously cast strands, various methods are proposed.
Zum Beispiel ist ein Verfahren bei einer solchen Vertikalgiessanlage ge mäss der Druckschrift WO-A-2015/101 553 bekannt, bei dem nach dem Beenden des regulären Giessvorgangs weiter flüssiges Metall in einem bestimmten Ausmass zugeführt wird. Es kann zudem eine um den obe- ren Endbereich des Strangs positionierte Heizeinrichtung vorgesehen sein, die das flüssige Metallreservoir oben im Innern des Strangs steuert. Mindestens die bei der Erstarrung auftretende Schrumpfung der Metall schmelze kann damit ausgeglichen und der entstehende Schwindungs- hohlraum im oberen Strangbereich verkürzt werden. For example, a method in such a vertical casting system according to the publication WO-A-2015/101 553 is known, in which liquid metal continues to be supplied to a certain extent after the regular casting process has ended. A heating device positioned around the upper end region of the strand can also be provided, which controls the liquid metal reservoir at the top inside the strand. At least the shrinkage of the metal melt that occurs during solidification can be compensated for and the shrinkage cavity in the upper strand area can be shortened.
Es ist auch bekannt, auf die Kokille einen Hülsenkörper aus feuerfestem Material aufzusetzen und damit Raum für ein thermisch isoliertes Schmelzreservoir zu bilden, aus dem die Schmelze dann in den darunter befindlichen Kokillenbereich absinkt, in dem die Erstarrung des Strangs beginnt. Nach Beendigung der Schmelzenzufuhr kann aus diesem Re- servoir die Volumenschrumpfung infolge der Erstarrung des Giessstran ges ausgeglichen werden. Diese bekannten Verfahren zum Verringern des Schwindungshohlraums bei Strängen oder Giessblöcken haben jedoch den Nachteil eines ver- hältnismässig sehr aufwendigen Aufbaus. Experimentelle Untersuchun gen zum zweiten Verfahren haben gezeigt, dass der Übergang von der thermisch isolierten„Reservoirzone“ zu der gekühlten Kokille kaum be- triebssicher gestaltet werden kann. It is also known to place a sleeve body made of refractory material on the mold and thus to form space for a thermally insulated melt reservoir, from which the melt then sinks into the mold area below, where the solidification of the strand begins. After the melt feed has ended, the volume shrinkage due to the solidification of the casting strand can be compensated for from this reservoir. However, these known methods for reducing the shrinkage cavity in the case of strands or casting blocks have the disadvantage of a relatively complex construction. Experimental investigations into the second method have shown that the transition from the thermally insulated “reservoir zone” to the cooled mold can hardly be made reliable.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, diese Nachteile weitgehend zu beheben und ein Verfahren nach der eingangs genannten Art zu schaf- fen, welches sich beim kontinuierlichen oder halbkontinuierlichen Gies- sen von relativ kurzen grossformatigen Strängen durch eine einfache Handhabung auszeichnet und eine höhere Ausbringungsrate des ver wendbaren Strangs durch geringere Schwindungshohlräume und demzu- folge auch Kostenersparnisse ermöglicht. The object of the invention is to largely overcome these disadvantages and to create a method of the type mentioned at the outset which is characterized by simple handling in the continuous or semi-continuous casting of relatively short large-format strands and a higher output rate of the ver reversible strand thanks to reduced shrinkage cavities and consequently also cost savings.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäss nach den Merkmalen des An spruchs 1 gelöst. This object is achieved according to the features of claim 1.
Die erfindungsgemässe Anlage hat den Vorteil, dass nur ein Eintauchen des Rohrelementes in die Kokille und allenfalls eine Zugabe von isolie rendem Giess- oder Abdeckpulver über die Metallschmelze nach Ende des Giessprozesses erforderlich ist. Durch diese einfache Verfahrens- weise werden bessere Ausbringungsraten aufgrund des kürzeren wegzu schneidenden oberen Strängendes ermöglicht. The system according to the invention has the advantage that it is only necessary to immerse the tubular element in the mold and, if necessary, to add isolating casting or covering powder over the molten metal after the casting process has ended. This simple procedure enables better output rates due to the shorter top strand end to be cut away.
Damit das vorteilhaft aus feuerfestem Material bestehende Rohrelement nach dem Ende der Schmelzzufuhr in die Kokille einfach in dieselbe ein- gebracht werden kann, ist gemäss der Erfindung vorgesehen, dass die Aussenabmessungen des Rohreiementes geringfügig kleiner als die In nenabmessungen der Kokille sind, wobei der dazwischen gebildete Spalt so bemessen ist, dass das Spaltmass zum Beispiel ungefähr der Dicke der im normalen Giessprozess in der Kokille gebildeten Strangschale entspricht oder aber kleiner gewählt wird. Die in diesem Spalt befindliche Schmelze erstarrt mit einer durch die Kokillenkühlung vorgegebenen Er- starrungsgeschwindigkeit. Eine Verbindung zwischen der äusseren Strangschaie und dem Rohrmaterial kann gleichzeitig als Haiteelement für das Rohrelement dienen, während im Inneren des Rohrelementes der Erstarrungsprozess der Metallschmelze aufgrund der isolierenden Wir kung des Rohrelementes mit stark reduzierter Erstarrungsgeschwindig keit fortgesetzt wird. In order that the tubular element, which is advantageously made of refractory material, can simply be introduced into the mold after the melt has been supplied, the invention provides that the outer dimensions of the tubular element are slightly smaller than the inner dimensions of the mold, the one formed in between The gap is dimensioned such that the gap dimension is, for example, approximately the thickness of the strand shell formed in the mold in the normal casting process corresponds or is chosen smaller. The melt in this gap solidifies at a solidification rate given by the mold cooling. A connection between the outer strand shell and the tube material can simultaneously serve as a holding element for the tube element, while in the interior of the tube element the solidification process of the molten metal is continued at a greatly reduced rate of solidification due to the insulating effect of the tube element.
Vorteilhaft wird nach Giessende der oben noch flüssige Strang in der Kokille soweit abgesenkt, dass sich die nach dem Einsetzen des Rohrelementes zur Aussenseite desselben verdrängte Schmelze nicht über die Kokille hinausfliesst, sondern sich annähernd bis zum gleichen Füllstand wie beim Abgiessen anhebt. After the end of the casting, the strand which is still liquid in the mold is advantageously lowered to such an extent that the melt displaced to the outside after the insertion of the tube element does not flow out over the mold, but rather rises to approximately the same level as when casting.
Es ist dabei vorteilhaft, wenn die Aussenkontur des Rohrelementes der Innenkontur der Kokille so angepasst ist, dass der dazwischen gebildete Spalt im gesamten Umfang gleichmässig dimensioniert ist. It is advantageous if the outer contour of the tubular element is adapted to the inner contour of the mold in such a way that the gap formed between them is uniformly dimensioned over the entire circumference.
Es ist fertigungstechnisch zweckmässig, wenn das Rohrelement eine über die gesamte Länge gleichmässige Wandstärke aufweist. Zur Steige- rung seiner Stabilität in der Kokille und zur weiteren Erhöhung des Aus- bringens kann seinem unteren Ende ein nach innen vorstehender Ring- ansatz zugeordnet sein. In terms of production technology, it is expedient if the tubular element has a uniform wall thickness over the entire length. In order to increase its stability in the mold and to further increase the output, an inwardly projecting ring extension can be assigned to its lower end.
Es kann auch vorteilhaft sein, dass das Rohrelement aus verschiedenen Rohrsegmenten zusammengesetzt wird, um zum Beispiel Rohrelemente für unterschiedliche Giessformate aus Segmentteilen modular aufzubau- en. It can also be advantageous for the pipe element to be composed of different pipe segments, for example to modularly construct pipe elements for different casting formats from segment parts.
Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels un ter Bezugnahme auf die Zeichnung näher erläutert. Es zeigen: Fig. 1 einen Längsschnitt vereinfacht und schematisch des Kokitlen- bereichs einer Vertikalgiessanlage mit einem Rohrelement vor dem Eintauchen in die Metallschmelze; The invention is explained below using an exemplary embodiment un reference to the drawing. Show it: 1 shows a longitudinal section, simplified and schematic, of the cocite area of a vertical casting installation with a tubular element before immersion in the molten metal;
Fig. 2 einen schematischen Querschnitt einer rechteckigen Kokille und dem darin befindlichen Rohrelement;  2 shows a schematic cross section of a rectangular mold and the tube element located therein;
Fig. 3a bis Fig. 3d Längsschnitte des Kokillenbereichs nach dem erfin- dungsgemässen Verfahren, ebenfalls vereinfacht und schema tisch dargestellt;  3a to 3d show longitudinal sections of the mold area according to the method according to the invention, likewise simplified and shown schematically;
Fig. 4 einen Längsschnitt des Kokillenbereichs nach Fig. 1 mit einer  FIG. 4 shows a longitudinal section of the mold area according to FIG. 1 with a
Variante eines Rohrelementes im eingetauchten Zustand; und Variant of a tube element when immersed; and
Fig. 5 einen schematischen Querschnitt einer rechteckigen Kokille und einem darin befindlichen mehrteiligen Rohrelement. Fig. 5 is a schematic cross section of a rectangular mold and a multi-part tubular element located therein.
Fig. 1 zeigt schematisch den Kokillenbereich mit einer Kokille 1 einer Vertikalgiessanlage 10, welche durch kontinuierliches oder semi- kontinuierliches Stranggiessen zum Herstellen insbesondere von kurzen grossformatigen Strängen dient. Bei semi-kontinuierliches Stranggiessen wird dabei ein vertikal nach unten aus der Kokille 1 auslaufender Strang 5 erzeugt, welcher von unten gestützt ist und eine Länge von beispielsweise einigen Metern bis 20 Metern aufweisen kann. Unterhalb der Kokil- le sind übliche Kühlzonen für das Erstarren des Strangs angeordnet, die jedoch nicht näher veranschaulicht sind. 1 schematically shows the mold area with a mold 1 of a vertical casting plant 10 which, by means of continuous or semi-continuous continuous casting, is used in particular to produce short, large-format strands. In the case of semi-continuous continuous casting, a strand 5 which runs vertically downward from the mold 1 is produced, which is supported from below and can have a length of, for example, a few meters to 20 meters. Conventional cooling zones for solidifying the strand are arranged below the mold, but these are not illustrated in any more detail.
Die erfindungsgemässe Verfahrensweise nach dem Ende der Schmel- zenzufuhr in die Kokille, dem Giessende der Vertikalgiessanlage 10, ist in Fig. 3a bis Fig. 3d schematisch veranschaulicht, wie nachfolgend er- läutert ist: The procedure according to the invention after the melt has been fed into the mold, the pouring end of the vertical casting plant 10, is schematically illustrated in FIGS. 3a to 3d, as explained below:
Fig. 3a zeigt die Kokille 1 während dem Giessen von Stahlschmelze durch ein Giessrohr 13 aus einem nicht näher gezeigten metallurgischen Gefäss, wie beispielsweise aus einer Pfanne oder aus einem als Zwi- schenbehälter dienenden Verteiler. Die Stahlschmelze wird dabei auf herkömmliche Weise bei einem gegebenen Füllstand 15 beim oberen Kokillenende fortwährend durch ein verstellbares Verschlussorgan, wie ein Stopfen oder ein Schiebeverschluss, geregelt eingegossen und ent- sprechend wird der Strang 5 mit einer Abzugsgeschwindigkeit aus der Kokille abgesenkt. 3a shows the mold 1 during the casting of molten steel through a pouring tube 13 from a metallurgical one, not shown in any more detail Vessel, such as from a pan or from a distributor serving as an intermediate container. The molten steel is continuously poured in a conventional manner at a given fill level 15 at the upper mold end by an adjustable closure member, such as a stopper or a slide closure, and the strand 5 is correspondingly lowered from the mold at a withdrawal speed.
Nach dem Giessende, bei dem der Strang 5 mit der vorgegebenen Länge gegossen ist, wird das Gefäss mit dem Giessrohr 13 entfernt und wie in Fig. 3b veranschaulicht ist, wird der Strang 5 und damit der Füllstand 15‘ in der Kokille abgesenkt. Bevor jedoch der Füllstand 15' am unteren En- de der Kokille 1 angeiangt ist, wird der Strang angehalten. im nächsten Verfahrensschritt, wie dies aus Fig. 1 hervorgeht, wird ein Rohrelement 2 zum Beispiel mit einem Gewicht 19 mittels eines nicht näher gezeigten Manipulators in die Kokille 1 eingesetzt. Zum Verbinden des Rohrelementes mit dem darauf liegenden Gewicht sind Befesti- gungs- bzw. Kupplungsmittel in der Gestalt von beispielsweise ein- und ausziehbaren Bolzen 9 oder dergleichen vorgesehen, die in entspre chende Bohrungen des Rohrelementes lösbar hineingreifen. After the end of the casting, in which the strand 5 is cast with the predetermined length, the vessel with the pouring tube 13 is removed and, as illustrated in FIG. 3b, the strand 5 and thus the fill level 15 'in the mold are lowered. However, before the fill level 15 'is reached at the lower end of the mold 1, the strand is stopped. In the next process step, as can be seen from FIG. 1, a tubular element 2, for example with a weight 19, is inserted into the mold 1 by means of a manipulator (not shown in more detail). Fastening or coupling means in the form of, for example, retractable and extractable bolts 9 or the like are provided for connecting the tubular element with the weight thereon, and releasably engage in corresponding bores in the tubular element.
Wie aus Fig. 3c ersichtlich ist, wird dieses Rohrelement 2 erfindungsge- mäss mit seinem unteren Ende 2‘ derart in die Metallschmelze in der Ko- kiile 1 eingetaucht, dass der Füllstand der Metallschmelze wie beim Giessen annähernd bis zum oberen Ende der Kokille 1 ansteigt. Das Rohrelement 2 wird gegebenenfalls mittels des Gewichts 19 beschwert, und es bildet sich in diesem Rohrelement ein flüssiges Metallreservoir 12, welches oben mit einem wärmeisolierenden Material, vorzugsweise Abdeckpulver 11 , abgedeckt werden kann. Gemäss Fig. 2 ist das Rohreiement 2 als hülsenförmiger Körper aus feu erfestem Material hergestellt, dessen Abmessungen geringfügig schmä- ler als die Innenabmessungen der Kokille 1 sind. Es ist dabei über den gesamten Umfang der Kokille 1 ein Spalt 7 gebildet, der so bemessen ist, dass sich das Rohrelement 2 innerhalb einer beim Giessen in der Kokille bildenden Strangschale 5 befindet, während im Inneren des Rohrelementes der Erstarrungsprozess der Stahlschmelze aufgrund der isolierenden Wirkung des Rohreiementes mit gegenüber den Gegebenheiten ausserhalb des Rohrelementes stark reduzierter Erstarrungsge- schwindigkeit fortgesetzt wird. As can be seen from FIG. 3c, this tube element 2 is immersed with its lower end 2 ′ into the molten metal in the mold 1 in such a way that the fill level of the molten metal rises almost to the upper end of the mold 1, as in casting , The pipe element 2 is weighted, if necessary, by means of the weight 19, and a liquid metal reservoir 12 is formed in this pipe element, which can be covered at the top with a heat-insulating material, preferably covering powder 11. According to FIG. 2, the raw element 2 is produced as a sleeve-shaped body made of fire-resistant material, the dimensions of which are slightly narrower than the inner dimensions of the mold 1. A gap 7 is formed over the entire circumference of the mold 1, which is dimensioned such that the tube element 2 is located within a strand shell 5 which forms in the mold during casting, while the solidification process of the molten steel is due to the insulating effect in the interior of the tube element of the pipe element is continued with a significantly reduced solidification speed compared to the conditions outside the pipe element.
Dabei ist die Aussenkontur des Rohrelementes 2 der Innenkontur der Kokille 1 so angepasst, dass der Spalt 7 zwischen ihnen im gesamten Umfang mit einer annähernd gleichmässigen Dicke d dimensioniert ist. Dadurch bildet die beim Eintauchen des Rohrelementes in den Spalt verdrängte Schmelze nach deren Erstarrung einen optimalen Haltering für das Rohrelement, weicher eine ebenfalls gleichmässige Wandstärke aufweist. Vorteilhaft ist dieser gebildete Spalt 7 etwa zwischen 1 und 10% der Innenabmessungen der Kokille 1 dimensioniert, damit ein opti maler Zustand durch diesen das Rohrelement umfassenden Haltering erzielt werden kann. The outer contour of the tubular element 2 is adapted to the inner contour of the mold 1 so that the gap 7 between them is dimensioned with an approximately uniform thickness d over the entire circumference. As a result, the melt which is displaced when the tube element is immersed in the gap after it has solidified forms an optimal retaining ring for the tube element, which also has a uniform wall thickness. This formed gap 7 is advantageously dimensioned approximately between 1 and 10% of the inner dimensions of the mold 1, so that an opti painter state can be achieved by this retaining ring comprising the tubular element.
Die Kokille und das Rohrelement sind im Querschnitt rechteckig ausge- bildet. Sie könnten aber selbstverständlich auch andersförmig ausgestal tet sein, wie zum Beispiel rund, quadratisch, polygonal oder andersfor- matig. The mold and the tubular element are rectangular in cross section. However, they could of course also be designed differently, such as for example round, square, polygonal or in another form.
Das Rohrelement 2 wird nach Beendigung der Schmeizenzufuhr um eine solche Länge in die Kokille 1 eingetaucht, wie aus Fig. 3c entnommen werden kann, dass sein unteres Ende 2‘ annähernd der sich bildenden Tiefe 14 des Schrumpfungstrichters 12 beim oberen Strangende nach dem Erstarren des Strangs 5 und der Schmelze innerhalb des Rohrele- mentes entspricht. Unter Berücksichtigung der Erstarrung des Stranges als auch derjenigen innerhalb des Rohrelementes gleicht das im Innern des Rohrelementes befindliche Schmelzvolumen den Volumenschrumpf infolge Erstarrung des sich unterhalb des Rohrelementes befindlichen Stranges aus, wobei gewährleistet sein muss, dass die noch nicht er starrte Schmelze aus dem inneren Rohrvolumen in den unteren Strang nachfliessen kann. The tube element 2 is immersed in the mold 1 after the end of the supply of melt, as can be seen from FIG. 3c, that its lower end 2 'approximately the depth 14 of the shrinking funnel 12 which forms at the upper end of the strand after the strand has solidified 5 and the melt inside the pipe mentes corresponds. Taking into account the solidification of the strand as well as that within the tubular element, the melting volume inside the tubular element compensates for the volume shrinkage due to solidification of the strand located below the tubular element, whereby it must be ensured that the melt that has not yet stared from the inner tubular volume in can flow down the lower strand.
Das Rohrelement 2 ist vorzugsweise mit seiner Wandstärke derart be- messen, dass es im eingetauchten Zustand in der definierten Tiefe ein solches eingetauchtes Volumen aufweist, dass sich der Füllstand 15 der Metallschmelze wie beim Giessen annähernd bis zum oberen Ende der Kokille ergibt. The tube element 2 is preferably dimensioned with its wall thickness in such a way that in the immersed state it has such an immersed volume at the defined depth that the fill level 15 of the molten metal results approximately as far as the upper end of the mold, as during casting.
Darüberhinaus weist dieses Rohrelement 2 eine solche Länge auf, dass es im Zustand in der definierten eingetauchten Tiefe am gegenüberlie- genden oberen Ende über die Kokille 1 hinaus vorstehen kann. An sei- nem oberen Ende ist es vorteilhaft mit einem Gewicht 19 beaufschlagt, welches ein Aufschwimmen des leichteren Feuerfestmaterials des Rohrelementes in der Schmelze verhindert und zudem als Verbindungs- mittel mit dem Rohrelement zum Kuppeln mit dem Manipulator oder ei- nem Kran dienen kann. Damit kann es von diesem über die Kokille her angeführt und anschliessend in diese hineingetaucht werden kann. Zu- dem kann in diesem vorstehenden Bereich des Rohrelementes dieses wärmeisolierende Material, vorzugsweise Abdeckpulver 1 1 , auf die Me- tallschmelze 12 gefüllt werden. Furthermore, this tube element 2 has a length such that it can protrude beyond the mold 1 in the state in the defined immersed depth at the opposite upper end. At its upper end, it is advantageously loaded with a weight 19, which prevents the lighter refractory material of the tubular element from floating in the melt and can also serve as a connecting means with the tubular element for coupling to the manipulator or a crane. So that it can be led from the mold and then immersed in it. In addition, this heat-insulating material, preferably covering powder 11, can be filled onto the metal melt 12 in this projecting area of the tubular element.
Abschliessend wird gemäss Fig. 3d der Strang 5 zusammen mit dem Rohrelement 2 aus der Kokille herausgeführt und, nach Erstarren der Schmelze innerhalb des Rohrelementes 2, der Oberteil 12 des Strangs 5 mit dem darin eingetauchten Rohrelement 2 getrennt. Damit kann der mit dem Erstarren des gegossenen Metails entstehende Schwindungshohl raum 14 kurz gehalten werden. Finally, according to FIG. 3d, the strand 5 is led out of the mold together with the tube element 2 and, after the melt solidifies within the tube element 2, the upper part 12 of the strand 5 with the tube element 2 immersed therein is separated. So that with the solidification of the poured metal detail resulting shrinkage cavity 14 can be kept short.
Fig. 4 zeigt eine Variante eines Rohrelementes 22 in der mit Bezug auf Fig. 3c erläuterten Giessphase. Es unterscheidet sich vom Rohrelement 2 lediglich dadurch, dass an seinem unteren Ende ein nach innen vor- stehender Ringansatz 18 zugeordnet ist. FIG. 4 shows a variant of a tubular element 22 in the casting phase explained with reference to FIG. 3c. It differs from the tubular element 2 only in that an inwardly projecting ring extension 18 is assigned at its lower end.
Fig. 5 zeigt ein aus mehreren Rohrsegmenten 25, 26 zusammengesetz- tes Rohreiement 24 in der Kokille 1 im Querschnitt. Die Aussenkontur des Rohrelementes 24 ist wiederum der Innenkontur der Kokille 1 so an gepasst, dass ein gleichmässig dicker Spalt 7 zwischen ihnen über den gesamten Umfang vorhanden ist. Diese Rohrsegmente 25, 26 sind zum Beispiel wie dargestellt flachwandig bzw eckförmig ausgebildet und vor- teilhaft aneinander gemörtelt. Es könnten auch je nach Grösse mehr o- der weniger solcher Rohrsegmente verwendet werden. 5 shows a cross section of a tube element 24 composed of several tube segments 25, 26 in the mold 1. The outer contour of the tubular element 24 is in turn adapted to the inner contour of the mold 1 in such a way that there is a uniformly thick gap 7 between them over the entire circumference. These pipe segments 25, 26 are, for example, flat-walled or corner-shaped, as shown, and are advantageously mortared to one another. Depending on the size, more or fewer such pipe segments could also be used.
Die Erfindung ist mit dem erläuterten Ausführungsbeispiei ausreichend dargetan. Als Variante könnte dieses keramische Rohrelement bereits nach dem Anhalten der Schmelzenzufuhr während dem Absenken des Strangs in der Kokille in die Schmelze eingetaucht werden. Damit würde sich der Füllstand nur geringfügig absenken. The invention is sufficiently demonstrated with the exemplary embodiment explained. As a variant, this ceramic tube element could be immersed in the melt after the melt supply has stopped while the strand is being lowered in the mold. This would only slightly reduce the level.
Das keramische Rohrelement könnte im Prinzip bei seiner Aussen- und/oder Innenform mit einer Verjüngung im Querschnitt in Giessrichtung versehen sein. Die Verjüngung der Aussenform könnte so gewählt sein, dass diese der erstarrten Strangschale, welche in Giessrichtung zu- nimmt, angepasst ist. So könnte der Zwischenraum vom Rohrelement und der Stranginnenform optimiert werden. In principle, the ceramic tube element could be provided with a taper in cross-section in the casting direction in its outer and / or inner shape. The tapering of the outer shape could be chosen so that it is adapted to the solidified strand shell, which increases in the casting direction. In this way, the space between the tubular element and the inner shape of the strand could be optimized.
Das Rohrelement könnte theoretisch auch aus Metall, zum Beispiel Stahl, oder teilweise aus keramischem Material und teilweise aus Stahl gefertigt sein. Eine Ausführung teilweise aus Stahl vorteilhaft auf der Aussenseite des Rohrelementes erlaubt eine Verschmelzung des Rohrelementes mit der im Spalt 7 zwischen Rohrelement und Kokille befindlichen Schmelze, was aufgrund der durch die Kokillenkühlung be- stimmten Erstarrung zu einer festen Verbindung zwischen Rohrelement und der aussenseitigen Strangschale im Spalt 7 führt, so dass das Ge wicht 19 zu einem sehr frühen Zeitpunkt nach dem Beenden des Gies- sens entfernt werden kann. The pipe element could theoretically also be made of metal, for example steel, or partly made of ceramic material and partly made of steel be made. A design partially made of steel advantageously on the outside of the tube element allows the tube element to fuse with the melt located in the gap 7 between the tube element and the mold, which, due to the solidification determined by the mold cooling, results in a firm connection between the tube element and the outside strand shell in the gap 7 leads, so that the weight 19 can be removed at a very early point in time after the casting has ended.
Das Rohrelement könnte auch ohne diesen Spalt 7 in die Kokille hinein- schiebbar sein und dabei annähernd die Innenabmessungen der Kokille aufweisen. The tube element could also be pushed into the mold without this gap 7 and in this case have approximately the internal dimensions of the mold.
Die wärmeisolierende Wirkung des Rohrelementes im Zusammenhang mit der allfälligen Aufgabe des isolierenden Pulvers ist vorteilhaft so gewählt, dass trotz langsam fortschreitender Erstarrung innerhalb des Rohreiementes ein Flüssigkeitsreservoir so lange gehalten wird, dass der Volumenschrumpf im unterhalb des Rohrelementes befindlichen Strang aufgrund der dort schneller fortscheitenden Erstarrung als in der inner- halb der Rohrelementes befindlichen Schmelze annähernd oder vollständig ausgeglichen werden kann. The heat-insulating effect of the tubular element in connection with the possible task of the insulating powder is advantageously chosen such that, despite slowly progressing solidification within the tubular element, a liquid reservoir is held so long that the volume shrinkage in the strand located below the tubular element is due to the more rapidly progressing solidification than there can be approximately or completely compensated for in the melt located within the tube element.

Claims

PATENTANSPRÜCHE
1. Verfahren zum kontinuierlichen oder semi-kontinuierlichen Strang- giessen insbesondere bei einer Vertikalgiessanlage zum Abgiessen von Stahl, bei dem der Strang (5) bei Giessende nach dem Anhalten der Schmelzenzufuhr in einer gekühlten Kokille (1 ) abgesenkt wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass 1. A process for continuous or semi-continuous continuous casting, in particular in a vertical casting installation for casting steel, in which the strand (5) is lowered in a cooled mold (1) at the end of the casting after the melt supply has stopped, characterized in that
der Strang (5) angehalten wird bevor der Füllstand (15‘) das untere Ende der Kokille (1 ) erreicht und dabei ein Rohrelement (2) mit seinem unteren Ende (2') derart in die Metallschmelze in der Kokille (1 ) eingetaucht wird, dass der Füllstand (15‘) der Metallschmelze annähernd bis zum oberen Ende der Kokille wie beim Giessen ansteigt. the strand (5) is stopped before the fill level (15 ') reaches the lower end of the mold (1) and a pipe element (2) with its lower end (2') is immersed in the molten metal in the mold (1) that the fill level (15 ') of the molten metal rises almost up to the upper end of the mold as during casting.
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Aussenabmessungen des Rohrelements (2) geringfügig schmäler als die Innenabmessungen der Kokille (1) sind, wobei der dazwischen gebil dete Spalt (7) über den gesamten Umfang der Kokille so bemessen ist, dass sich das Rohrelement (2) innerhalb einer beim Giessen in der Kokil le bildenden Strangschale (5‘) befindet, während im Inneren des Rohrelements (2) der Erstarrungsprozess der Metallschmelze normal o- der mit reduzierter Erstarrungsgeschwindigkeit fortgesetzt wird. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the outer dimensions of the tubular element (2) are slightly narrower than the inner dimensions of the mold (1), the gap (7) formed therebetween being dimensioned over the entire circumference of the mold in such a way that the tube element (2) is located within a strand shell (5 ') forming during casting in the mold, while in the interior of the tube element (2) the solidification process of the molten metal is continued normally or at a reduced rate of solidification.
3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Aussenabmessungen des Rohreiementes (2) den Innenabmessungen der Kokille (1) im Querschnitt gesehen so angepasst sind, dass der da- zwischen gebildete Spalt (7) über den gesamten Umfang mit einer gieichmässigen Dicke (d) etwa zwischen 1 und 10% der Innenabmessun- gen der Kokille (1) versehen ist. 3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that the outer dimensions of the tube element (2) are adapted to the inner dimensions of the mold (1) seen in cross-section such that the gap (7) formed therebetween has a uniform thickness over the entire circumference (d) is provided between about 1 and 10% of the inner dimensions of the mold (1).
4. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekenn- zeichnet, dass 4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that
das Rohrelement (2) nach Beendigung der Schmelzenzufuhr um eine solche Länge in die Kokille (1) eingetaucht wird, dass sein unteres Ende (2') annähernd der sich bildenden Schrumpfungstiefe (14) beim oberen Strangende nach dem Erstarren des Strangs (5) entspricht. the tube element (2) is immersed in the mold (1) by a length such that its lower end (2 ') approximately corresponds to the depth of shrinkage (14) that forms at the upper end of the strand after the strand (5) has solidified ,
5. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekenn- zeichnet, dass 5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that
das Rohrelement (2) mit seiner Wandstärke derart bemessen ist, dass es im eingetauchten Zustand in der definierten Tiefe ein solches eingetauchtes Volumen aufweist, dass sich der Füllstand (15) der Metall schmelze wie beim Giessen annähernd bis zum oberen Ende der Kokille einsteilt. the tube element (2) is dimensioned with its wall thickness in such a way that in the immersed state it has such an immersed volume in the defined depth that the fill level (15) of the metal melts approximately as far as the casting, up to the upper end of the mold.
6. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekenn- zeichnet, dass 6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that
das Rohrelement (2) eine solche Länge aufweist, dass es im Zustand in der definierten eingetauchten Tiefe am gegenüberliegenden oberen En de über der Kokille vorsteht und es an seinem oberen Ende mit einem Verbindungsmittel versehen ist, damit es von einem Manipulator über die Kokille herangeführt und anschliessend in diese hineingetaucht werden kann. the tube element (2) has a length such that it protrudes in the state in the defined immersed depth at the opposite upper end of the mold and it is provided at its upper end with a connecting means so that it can be brought over the mold by a manipulator and can then be dipped into it.
7. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekenn zeichnet, dass 7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that
das Rohrelement (2) eine solche Länge aufweist, dass es im Zustand in der definierten eingetauchten Tiefe am gegenüberliegenden oberen En- de über der Kokille vorsteht und in diesem Bereich ein wärmeisolieren- des Material, vorzugsweise Abdeckpulver (1 1 ), auf die Metallschmelze gefüllt wird. the tube element (2) has such a length that it protrudes in the defined immersed depth at the opposite upper end above the mold and in this area a heat-insulating material, preferably covering powder (11), is filled onto the molten metal becomes.
8. Verwendung eines Rohrelementes für das Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass 8. Use of a tubular element for the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that
das Rohrelement (2) mit seinen Aussenabmessungen im Querschnitt ge- sehen bzw. in seiner Länge den Innenabmessungen der Kokille (1) bzw. der Schrumpfungstiefe (14) angepasst ist. the tubular element (2) is seen in cross-section with its outer dimensions or its length is adapted to the inner dimensions of the mold (1) or the depth of shrinkage (14).
9. Verwendung eines Rohrelementes nach Anspruch 8, dadurch ge kennzeichnet, dass 9. Use of a tubular element according to claim 8, characterized in that
das Rohrelement (2) aus einem keramischen feuerfesten Material herge- stellt ist. the tubular element (2) is made of a ceramic refractory material.
10. Verwendung eines Rohrelementes nach Anspruch 8, dadurch ge- kennzeichnet, dass 10. Use of a tubular element according to claim 8, characterized in that
das Rohrelement (2) aus einer Kombination aus einem Feuerfestmaterial und einem Stahlmantel hergesteilt ist. the tubular element (2) is made from a combination of a refractory material and a steel jacket.
11. Verwendung eines Rohrelementes nach Anspruch 8 oder 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass 11. Use of a tubular element according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that
das Rohrelement (2) zylindrisch ausgebiidet ist und über die gesamte Länge eine gleichmässige Wandstärke aufweist, oder dass an seinem einen Ende ein nach innen vorstehender Ringansatz (18) zugeordnet ist. the tubular element (2) is cylindrical and has a uniform wall thickness over the entire length, or that an inwardly projecting ring extension (18) is associated at one end.
12. Verwendung eines Rohrelementes nach Anspruch 8 bis 11 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass 12. Use of a tubular element according to claim 8 to 11, characterized in that
das Rohrelement (24) aus verschiedenen Rohrsegmenten (25, 26) zu- sammengesetzt ist. the tube element (24) is composed of different tube segments (25, 26).
13. Verwendung eines Rohrelementes nach Anspruch 8 bis 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass 13. Use of a tubular element according to claim 8 to 12, characterized in that
die wärmeisolierende Wirkung des Rohrelementes (2) so bemessen ist, dass die Erstarrung im Inneren des Rohrelementes so erfolgt, dass aus der Schmelze im Inneren des Rohrelementes der Volumenschrumpf auf grund der Erstarrung im unterhalb des Rohrelementes befindlichen Stranges (5) annähernd oder vollständig ausgeglichen werden kann. the heat-insulating effect of the tubular element (2) is dimensioned such that the solidification takes place in the interior of the tubular element in such a way that the volume shrinkage from the melt in the interior of the tubular element is approximately or completely compensated for due to the solidification in the strand (5) located below the tubular element can.
PCT/EP2019/063964 2018-07-13 2019-05-29 Method for strand casting, especially in a vertical casting plant for casting steel WO2020011444A1 (en)

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