WO2020011263A1 - 压力清洗机 - Google Patents

压力清洗机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020011263A1
WO2020011263A1 PCT/CN2019/095871 CN2019095871W WO2020011263A1 WO 2020011263 A1 WO2020011263 A1 WO 2020011263A1 CN 2019095871 W CN2019095871 W CN 2019095871W WO 2020011263 A1 WO2020011263 A1 WO 2020011263A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
gear
pressure washer
reduction ratio
power
power source
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2019/095871
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
焦石平
王其彬
乔勇
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Positec Power Tools Suzhou Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Positec Power Tools Suzhou Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Positec Power Tools Suzhou Co Ltd filed Critical Positec Power Tools Suzhou Co Ltd
Publication of WO2020011263A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020011263A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B08—CLEANING
    • B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
    • B08B3/00—Cleaning by methods involving the use or presence of liquid or steam
    • B08B3/02—Cleaning by the force of jets or sprays
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B08—CLEANING
    • B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
    • B08B13/00—Accessories or details of general applicability for machines or apparatus for cleaning
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/10—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters
    • H02K7/116—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters with gears

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of cleaning, in particular to a pressure washer.
  • the pressure washer has the advantages of high work efficiency and strong safety. It is capable of cleaning large-area objects such as cars, doors, windows, and floor glass. It is not only easy to carry and use, but also reduces the workload of manual cleaning. Brings great convenience.
  • the existing pressure washer can only connect to a single type of DC power supply or AC power supply, the AC power supply connection position is relatively fixed, and the power supply time of the DC power supply is limited, which limits the wide application of the pressure washer.
  • the invention provides a pressure washer, which includes:
  • a pressure washer comprising: a casing; a motor disposed in the casing; a pump driven by the motor for pressurizing a liquid flow, the pump having a water outlet end and an inlet The water end; the nozzle is connected to the water outlet end of the pump for spraying out the pressurized liquid flow outward; the liquid inlet part is connected to the water inlet end of the pump for replenishing the liquid for cleaning the target A transmission component, one end of which is connected to the motor, and the other end of which is connected to the pump, and is used for transmitting the rotary motion of the motor to the pump to drive the pump to work;
  • the number of the motors is only one.
  • the pressure washer is selectively powered by a DC power source or an AC power source.
  • the transmission component includes a variable reduction ratio component, and the variable reduction ratio component includes at least two different reduction ratios.
  • Gear, at least two different gear ratios of the variable reduction ratio component include first gear and second gear; when the pressure washer is powered by AC power, the variable gear ratio component In the first gear; when the pressure washer is powered by a DC power source, the variable reduction ratio component is in the second gear; when the pressure washer is powered by an AC power supply, the variable speed reduction component is The output rotation speed of the component is greater than the output rotation speed of the variable reduction ratio component when the pressure washer is selected to be powered by a DC power supply.
  • the pressure washer includes an AC power interface for connecting the AC power source and a DC power interface for connecting the DC power source, and the pressure washer further includes a linkage device, When the AC power is connected to the AC power interface, the linkage device can be directly triggered to control the variable reduction ratio component to be in the first gear; and / or, when the DC power is connected to the DC When the power interface is connected, the linkage device can be directly triggered to control the variable reduction ratio component to be in the second gear position.
  • the linkage device includes a first trigger provided on the AC power interface and a second trigger provided on the DC power interface; when the AC power is connected to When the AC power interface is driven, the first trigger is driven, and the variable reduction ratio component is switched to the first gear, and when the DC power is connected to the DC power interface, the first power is directly driven. Two triggers are linked to the variable reduction ratio component to switch to the second gear.
  • the linkage device includes a trigger disposed on the AC power interface or the DC power interface, and the trigger includes a triggered first position and an untriggered first position. Two positions
  • the trigger is disposed on the AC power interface, and when the AC power is connected to the AC power interface, the trigger can be triggered to be located in the first position, so as to link the variable reduction ratio component to the First gear, when the AC power is not connected to the AC power interface, the variable reduction ratio component is in the second gear;
  • the trigger is disposed on the DC power interface, and when the DC power is connected to the DC power interface, the trigger can be directly triggered to be located in the first position to link the variable reduction ratio component. It is located in the second gear, and when the DC power is not connected to the DC power interface, the variable reduction ratio component is located in the first gear.
  • the pressure washer includes an AC power interface for connecting an AC power source and a DC power interface for connecting a DC power source.
  • the linkage device includes a blocking member, and the blocking member is operable. Switch between the first position and the second position; when the blocking member is located in the first position, the pressure washer can only be connected to the AC power supply through the AC power interface; when the blocking member is located In the second position, the pressure washer can only be connected to the DC power supply through the DC power interface to supply power.
  • variable reduction ratio component when the blocking member is switched to the first position, the variable reduction ratio component can be controlled to be in the first gear at the same time; when the blocking member is switched to the first position, In the second position, the variable reduction ratio component can be controlled to be in the second gear position at the same time.
  • the pressure washer further includes a sensing unit and an actuator, and the sensing unit can identify a type of power source connected to the pressure washer; when the sensing unit recognizes the AC Power, the induction unit sends an induction signal to control the actuator to drive the variable reduction ratio component in the first gear; when the induction unit recognizes the DC power source, the induction unit sends an induction signal, Controlling the actuator to drive the variable reduction ratio component in the first gear.
  • the pressure washer further includes an induction unit and an actuator capable of identifying the AC power source or the DC power source;
  • the induction unit When the induction unit recognizes the AC power source, the induction unit sends an induction signal to control the actuator to drive the variable reduction ratio component in the first gear position.
  • the actuator drives the variable reduction ratio component in the second gear; or,
  • the induction unit When the induction unit recognizes the DC power source, the induction unit sends an induction signal to control the actuator to drive the variable reduction ratio component in the second gear position.
  • the actuator drives the variable reduction ratio component in the first gear position.
  • variable reduction ratio component is a gear component
  • the gear component includes at least one movable gear and at least one fixed gear for meshing with the movable gear
  • the movable gear is operable Switching between a first position disengaged from the fixed gear and a second position meshed with the fixed gear, the reduction ratio of the gear assembly at the first position is different from that at the second position
  • the reduction ratio of the gear assembly is described.
  • the gear assembly includes at least one planetary gear reduction mechanism.
  • the planetary gear reduction mechanism includes a sun gear, a plurality of planet gears meshing with the sun gear, and a plurality of planets.
  • An internal ring gear meshed with a wheel and a planet carrier gear connected to a plurality of the planet gears; the revolution of the planet gear drives the planet carrier gear to rotate synchronously;
  • the movable gear includes the internal ring gear;
  • the gear includes the star carrier gear, and the ring gear is operable to switch between a first position disengaged from the star carrier gear and a second position meshed with the star carrier gear, in the first position
  • the gear assembly is in the first gear; in the second position, the gear assembly is in the second gear.
  • the ring gear in the first position, is only engaged with a plurality of the planet gears, and the ring gear is fixedly disposed relative to the housing; in the second position, Position, the ring gear meshes with a plurality of the planet gears and the planet gear simultaneously, and the ring gear rotates synchronously with the planet gear and the planet gear.
  • the number of the moving gears is plural, and the gear assembly further includes a plurality of fixed gears corresponding to the plurality of moving gears, and the plurality of moving gears are operable Moves in its axial direction so that the corresponding moving gear meshes with the corresponding fixed gear.
  • the moving gear includes two pinion gears arranged coaxially
  • the fixed gear includes two large gears which are arranged one-to-one corresponding to the two pinion gears, and the two The number of teeth of the pinion is different from each other, the number of teeth of the two large gears is different from each other, the number of teeth of the large gear is greater than the number of teeth of the pinion, and the two moving gears are operable in a first position along the axial direction thereof And the second position, in the first position, one of the small gears meshes with one of the large gears; in the second position, the other small gears and one of the large gears Mesh.
  • the gear assembly adjusts its own reduction ratio by manual actuation.
  • the gear assembly further includes an operating member connected to the moving gear, and the operating member is operable to make The moving gear is switched between the first position and the second position.
  • the reduction ratio of the first gear is greater than the reduction ratio of the second gear.
  • the motor when the pressure washer is selected to be powered by AC power, the motor is operated at a first speed, and when the pressure washer is selected to be powered by DC power, the motor is operated at A second speed, the first speed being greater than the second speed.
  • the motor is configured as a dual-winding motor, and the motor includes an AC winding and a DC winding.
  • the pressure washer When the pressure washer is connected to the AC power source, the AC winding is powered on to work.
  • the pressure washer is connected to the DC power source, and the DC winding is energized to work.
  • the pressure washer is a hand-held pressure washer
  • the housing is a hand-held gun type and includes a handle for holding
  • the motor and the pump are both disposed on the Inside the casing.
  • the invention also provides a pressure washer, the pressure washer includes:
  • a motor provided in the casing
  • a pump driven by the motor for pressurizing the liquid flow the pump having a water outlet end and a water inlet end;
  • a nozzle connected to the water outlet end of the pump for spraying the pressurized liquid flow outward;
  • a liquid inlet is connected to the water inlet end of the pump and is used for replenishing the liquid flow for cleaning the target;
  • a transmission component one end of which is connected to the motor, and the other end of which is connected to the pump, and is used for transmitting the rotary motion of the motor to the pump to drive the pump to work;
  • the number of the motors is only one.
  • the pressure washer is selectively powered by a DC power source or an AC power source.
  • the transmission component includes a variable reduction ratio component, and the variable reduction ratio component includes at least two different reduction ratios.
  • Gears, at least two different gear ratios of the variable reduction ratio component include a first gear and a second gear; when the pressure washer is rotated using the AC power supply, the gear change The reduction ratio component is operable to switch between the first gear and the second gear, so that the transmission component outputs two different speeds; when the pressure washer is rotated, the DC power supply is used to supply power At this time, the variable reduction ratio component is operable to switch between the first gear and the second gear, so that the transmission component outputs two different speeds.
  • the maximum output speed of the transmission component when the pressure washer is selected to be powered by AC power is greater than the maximum output speed of the transmission component when the pressure washer is selected to be powered by DC power.
  • variable reduction ratio component is a gear component
  • the gear component includes at least one movable gear and at least one fixed gear for meshing with the movable gear
  • the movable gear is operable Switching between a first position disengaged from the fixed gear and a second position engaged, in which the reduction ratio of the gear assembly at the first position is different from the reduction of the gear assembly at the second position ratio.
  • the pressure washer provided by the present invention can realize multiple types of adaptation to DC power and AC power. It can be powered by DC power outdoors and can be powered by AC power indoors. The cost is relatively low. The corresponding pressure and flow output at the time has a better application prospect.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a pressure washer in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a variable reduction ratio component in a first gear according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the variable reduction ratio component shown in FIG. 2 when it is in a second gear.
  • FIG. 4 is an exploded view of a variable reduction ratio component in a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a variable reduction ratio component in a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of another reduction ratio of the variable reduction ratio component shown in FIG. 5.
  • a component when a component is called "installed on” another component, it may be directly installed on another component or a centered component may exist.
  • a component When a component is considered to be “set on” another component, it can be directly set on another component or a centered component may exist at the same time.
  • a component When a component is considered to be “fixed” to another component, it may be directly fixed to another component or a centered component may exist at the same time.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a pressure washer 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the pressure washer 100 is used to spray a pressurized fluid medium to assist a user in cleaning a target.
  • the pressure washer 100 is used for a user to clean a car.
  • the pressure washer 100 can also be applied to other use environments such as windows and doors, walls, floor-to-ceiling glass, courtyard road cleaning, and the like.
  • the pressure washer 100 shown in this embodiment is specifically a handheld pressure washer, and includes a pistol-shaped housing 10, a nozzle 11, a liquid inlet 12, a motor 13, and a pump 14.
  • the nozzle 11 is disposed at one end of the housing 10.
  • the casing 10 includes a handle for holding.
  • the liquid inlet 12 passes through the casing 10 and communicates with the water inlet of the pump 14.
  • the motor 13 and the pump 14 are both disposed inside the casing 10, and the motor 13 is connected to the pump 14.
  • the casing 10 is used to fix the nozzle 11, the liquid inlet 12, the motor 13, and the pump 14.
  • the liquid inlet 12 is connected to the water inlet of the pump 14, the nozzle 11 is connected to the water outlet of the pump 14, and the nozzle 11 is used to outward
  • the pressurized liquid flow is ejected, the liquid inlet 12 is used to supplement the liquid flow for cleaning the target, the motor 13 is used to drive the pump 14, and the pump 14 is used to send the relatively low pressure liquid flow from the liquid inlet 12 Pressurized to a relatively high pressure flow.
  • the motor 13 drives the pump 14 to operate, and converts the relatively low-pressure liquid flow sent by the liquid inlet 12 into a relatively high-pressure liquid flow and ejects it through the nozzle 11 through pressurization, thereby realizing the cleaning of external targets. .
  • the pressure washer is not limited to the hand-held type, and the pressure washer can also be other types such as a seat type and a hand-held type.
  • the pressure washer is a seat-type pressure washer, which includes a host and a nozzle 11 connected to the host through a water outlet pipe.
  • the host includes a casing, a motor 13 and a pump 14 disposed in the casing, and the nozzle 11 passes through
  • the outlet pipe is connected to the housing.
  • the host When cleaning is performed, the host is placed on the ground or other supporting surface. The operator can operate the nozzle 11 to perform cleaning within the area covered by the outlet pipe. Moving the host can change the cleaning area.
  • a handle for moving the host is provided on the casing, and the operator can lift up the pressure washer by pulling the handle.
  • a support roller can also be provided on the casing, and the pressure washer can be realized on the supporting surface by the support roller. Roll up without the need for the operator to lift the weight of the entire pressure washer, which is convenient for the operator to move the pressure washer.
  • the pump 14 may be a plunger pump or a gear pump, or other types of pumps such as a diaphragm pump.
  • water is used as a fluid medium flowing through the pressure washer 100 and used to clean external targets.
  • the pressure washer 100 may also use other types of fluid media such as car wash liquid, cleaning agent, as long as the fluid media can achieve the cleaning of external targets.
  • components such as a control component (not shown) and a safety component may be provided in the housing 10 to assist the pressure washer 100 to better perform cleaning of external targets. Since this part is not the focus of the present invention, it is not described here. To repeat.
  • the pressure washer can be selectively powered by a DC power supply or an AC power supply.
  • the pressure washer 100 provided by the present invention is provided with a transmission component in the housing 10, and one end of the transmission component is connected to the motor 13. One end is connected to the pump 14, and a transmission component is used to transmit the rotary motion of the motor to the pump to drive the pump to work.
  • the transmission component includes a variable reduction ratio component, which has an adjustable reduction ratio.
  • the variable reduction ratio component includes at least two different reduction ratio gears.
  • the variable reduction ratio component is operable at at least two different reduction speeds. Switch between ratio gears to adjust the output power of the pressure washer.
  • variable reduction ratio component has a variety of different reduction ratios, and can selectively switch between a variety of different reduction ratio gears, so that the operating speed of the pump can be adjusted without changing the operating parameters of the motor, thereby changing the pressure.
  • the pressure and flow of the liquid flow output from the washing machine to adjust the output power of the pressure washing machine.
  • the motor 13 can be selectively connected to a DC power source 15 and an external AC power source, so that the pressure washer 100 can be used not only in a use environment equipped with an external AC power source, but also through a DC power source when the external AC power source cannot be connected such as outdoors 15 powers the motor 13, which improves the convenience of use of the pressure washer 100.
  • the at least two different reduction ratio gears of the variable reduction ratio component include a first gear and a second gear.
  • the variable reduction ratio component When the pressure washer 100 is powered by AC power, the variable reduction ratio component is in the first gear; when the pressure washer 100 is powered by DC power, the variable reduction ratio component is in the second gear, and the pressure washer is powered by AC power
  • the output speed of the variable reduction ratio component is greater than the output speed of the variable reduction ratio component when the pressure washer 100 chooses to use a DC power supply.
  • the reduction gear ratio of the variable reduction ratio component is designed to match the type of the power source connected. Specifically, when the pressure washer 100 chooses to use AC power supply, the reduction gear ratio of the variable reduction ratio component is matched to the first gear. When the pressure washer 100 chooses to use DC power supply, the reduction ratio of the variable reduction ratio component is matched. The gear is matched to the second gear.
  • the maximum output power of the pressure washer 100 when the AC power source is selected is greater than the maximum output power of the pressure washer 100 when the DC power source 15 is selected.
  • the motor 13 runs at a first speed
  • the pressure washer 100 is connected to a DC power source 15
  • the motor 13 runs at a second speed, where the first speed is greater than the second speed .
  • the DC power supply 15 is used to supply power to the pressure washer 100
  • the motor 13 runs at a lower speed to avoid the DC power supply 15 with limited reserves being quickly consumed, so that the DC power supply 15 can maintain the pressure washer 100 to continue to work for an appropriate time.
  • the pressure washer 100 is connected to an AC power source, its power supply is sufficient. It is not necessary to consider the time that the pressure washer 100 can continue to work.
  • the output power of the pressure washer 100 can be increased as much as possible, that is, the pressure washer The pressure and flow rate of the 100 output liquid flow improve the cleaning performance.
  • the pressure washer 100 further includes a linkage device configured to automatically match the reduction gear position of the variable reduction ratio component to the type of power source connected to the pressure washer 100.
  • a linkage device configured to automatically match the reduction gear position of the variable reduction ratio component to the type of power source connected to the pressure washer 100.
  • the AC power source is connected to an AC power interface Can directly trigger the linkage device to control the variable reduction ratio component in the first gear; when a DC power supply is connected to the DC power interface, it can directly trigger the linkage device to control the variable reduction ratio component in the second gear. That is, when the pressure washer 100 is connected to AC power, the linkage device automatically adjusts the gear ratio of the variable reduction ratio component to the first gear. When the pressure washer 100 is connected to DC power, the linkage device automatically adjusts the variable speed ratio component. The reduction ratio gear is shifted to the second gear.
  • the linkage device includes a first trigger provided on the AC power interface and a second trigger provided on the DC power interface; when the AC power is connected to the AC power interface, the first trigger is driven, The linkage variable reduction ratio component is switched to the first gear, and when the DC power supply is connected to the DC power interface, the second triggering portion is directly driven, and the linkage variable reduction ratio component is switched to the second gear.
  • the first triggering portion when an AC power interface is connected to an AC power source, the first triggering portion operates to switch the variable reduction ratio component to the first gear; when a DC power source interface is connected to a DC power source, the second triggering portion operates to switch the variable reduction ratio component to Second gear.
  • the AC power interface and the DC power interface interfere with each other, so that the pressure washer 100 can only be connected to an AC power or a DC power. In this way, it is prevented that two power sources are connected to the pressure washer 100 at the same time to cause danger.
  • the trigger is disposed on the AC power interface.
  • the trigger can be triggered to position it in the first position, so that the variable speed reduction ratio component is in the first position.
  • the variable reduction ratio component is in the second gear position;
  • the trigger is disposed on the DC power interface, and when the DC power is connected to the DC power interface, the trigger can be triggered directly to make it in the first position, and the variable transmission ratio component is located in the second gear. When the DC power supply is not connected to the DC power supply interface, the variable reduction ratio component is in the first gear.
  • the linkage includes a blocking member operable to switch between a first position and a second position.
  • the blocking member When the blocking member is in the first position, the pressure washer 100 can only be connected to an AC power supply through an AC power interface, and when the blocking member is in the second position, the pressure washer 100 can only be connected to a DC power supply through a DC power interface.
  • the variable reduction ratio component when the blocking member is switched to the first position, the variable reduction ratio component can be controlled to be in the first gear at the same time, and when the blocking member is switched to the second position, the variable reduction ratio component can be controlled to be in the second gear at the same time.
  • the blocking member When the blocking member is in the first position, the DC power interface is blocked.
  • the pressure washer 100 can only be connected to the AC power supply through the AC power interface, and the variable reduction ratio component is switched to the first gear.
  • the blocking member is in the second position, the AC power supply is blocked.
  • the interface is blocked, the pressure washer 100 can only be connected to a DC power source through a DC power interface, and the variable reduction ratio component is switched to the second gear.
  • the pressure washer 100 further includes an induction unit and an actuator capable of identifying an AC power source and a DC power source.
  • the induction unit recognizes AC power
  • the induction unit sends an induction signal to control the actuator to drive the variable reduction ratio component in the first gear
  • the induction unit recognizes the DC power
  • the induction unit sends an induction signal to control the actuator to drive the variable reduction ratio component. In the first gear.
  • the induction unit when the pressure washer 100 is connected to an AC power source, the induction unit recognizes that the power source type is an AC power source and sends an induction signal to control the actuator to drive the variable reduction ratio component to switch to the first gear; when the pressure washer 100 is connected In the case of a DC power supply, the induction unit recognizes that the power supply type is a DC power supply, and sends out a control signal to control the actuator to cause the variable reduction ratio component to automatically switch to the second gear position.
  • the pressure washer 100 further includes an induction unit and an actuator capable of identifying an AC power source or a DC power source.
  • the induction unit recognizes AC power
  • the induction unit sends an induction signal to control the actuator to drive the variable reduction ratio component in the first gear
  • the actuator drives the variable reduction ratio component to the second gear.
  • the induction unit recognizes a DC power supply
  • the induction unit sends an induction signal to control the actuator to drive the variable reduction ratio component in the second gear
  • the actuator drives the variable reduction ratio component to the first gear. Bit.
  • the controller of the pressure washer 100 controls the AC power supply to be preferentially used.
  • the reduction ratio gear of the variable reduction ratio component is set to match the type of power supply connected to the pressure washer 100, so that the matched reduction gear gear can be designed according to the connected AC power supply to achieve the desired pressure.
  • the flow characteristics enable the pressure washer to match different cleaning performances for different power reserve.
  • the pressure washer 100 has a strong pressure flow when using AC power, and a suitable pressure flow and continuous working time when using DC power.
  • the variable reduction ratio component when the pressure washer 100 is powered by an AC power supply, can switch between different reduction ratio gears to output cleaning fluid flows of different pressures and flows; when pressure When the washing machine 100 is powered by a DC power source 15, the variable reduction ratio component can also switch between different reduction ratio gears to output cleaning fluid flows with different pressures and flows.
  • the motor when the pressure washer 100 is rotated and powered by an AC power source, the motor operates at a first speed, and the variable reduction ratio component is operable to switch between the first gear and the second gear to change the output of the transmission component.
  • Speed when the pressure washer is selected to be powered by DC power, the motor runs at the second speed, and the variable reduction ratio component can be operated between the first gear and the second gear to change the output speed of the transmission component.
  • the first speed is greater than the second speed.
  • the maximum output speed of the transmission component when the pressure washer 100 selects AC power supply is greater than the maximum output speed of the transmission component when the pressure washer 100 selects DC power supply. Therefore, for the pressure washer 100, the variable reduction ratio component can output a plurality of different pressures and flow rates of liquid flow, and the number of specific types is twice the number of the reduction ratio gears.
  • the reduction ratio gear of the variable reduction ratio component is manually switched. The operator can select a desired reduction ratio according to the working conditions, and adjust the pressure and flow characteristics emitted by the pressure washer 100. The user can independently The matching reduction gear ratio makes the pressure and flow range that the pressure washer 100 can adjust to increase, adapting to more working conditions.
  • the motor 13 is configured as a DC motor.
  • the motor 13 can be optionally connected to a DC power source 15 and an external AC power source (not shown).
  • the DC power source 15 is used to drive the motor 13 to rotate in the form of DC power supply. After transforming the AC power into DC power and then driving the motor 13 to rotate, the user can switch the electrical connection state between the motor 13 and the DC power source 15 and the external AC power source through a control component (not shown), thereby realizing the energy supply to the motor 13 Free choice of form.
  • the AC-DC conversion of the external AC power supply can be realized by the existing full-wave rectification, thyristor rectification, half-wave rectification, or other methods.
  • the AC-DC conversion component 16 for implementing AC-DC conversion can be integrated in the pressure washer 100. Can also be set on external AC power.
  • the motor 13 is configured as a dual-winding motor.
  • the motor includes an AC winding and a DC winding.
  • the AC winding is energized to work.
  • the pressure washer is connected to the DC power source, the DC winding is energized. Work, it can choose to use DC power or AC power.
  • the type of the motor 13 may also be a series-excited motor or is not limited in the present invention.
  • the AC-DC conversion module 16 is integrated in the pressure washer 100.
  • One end of the AC-DC conversion module 16 is electrically connected to the motor 13 and the other end is electrically connected to an external AC power source.
  • the AC-DC conversion module 16 uses a rectifier.
  • the conversion module 16 has the advantage of relatively low cost, can reduce the cost of the pressure washer 100, and contributes to the wide application of the pressure washer 100.
  • the AC-DC changing component 16 can also use other devices such as a voltage regulator that can implement AC-DC changing.
  • the motor 13 is connected to a DC power source 15 by a wire medium, and the DC power source 15 is a battery pack. It can be understood that in other embodiments, the motor 13 may also be electrically connected to the DC power source 15 through a connection method other than a wire medium.
  • the DC power source 15 may also use other types of DC power sources such as a DC power cabinet, as long as this type The DC power supply 15 can be used to realize DC power supply to the motor 13.
  • the motor 13 is connected to an external AC power source through a wire medium.
  • a plug is provided on the wire medium, and the plug is embedded in the AC power socket to realize the electrical connection between the motor 13 and the external AC power source.
  • the motor 13 may also be electrically connected to an external power source through other connection methods such as wireless transmission.
  • the DC power source 15 is carried around by a manual piggyback. It can be understood that, in other embodiments, the DC power source 15 may also be a battery pack. The battery pack may be disposed at one end of the housing 10 or may be housed inside the housing 10. At this time, the wire medium is housed in the housing. Within 10.
  • the AC power provided by the external AC power source is converted into DC power by the AC-DC conversion of the AC-DC conversion component 16.
  • the converted DC power has a relatively low voltage, so as to meet the power supply voltage of the motor 13. It is required that the DC power converted by the AC power drives the motor 13 in the casing 10 to rotate.
  • the motor 13 then drives the pump 14 in the casing 10 to suck the relatively low-pressure liquid flow in the inlet pipe 12 and pressurize the relatively low-pressure liquid flow to The relatively high-pressure liquid flow is ejected through the nozzle 11, so that the external target is washed by the pressure washer 100.
  • the pressure washer 100 uses AC power, a relatively large voltage can be applied to the motor 13 and the motor 13 has a relatively high speed.
  • the pressure washer 100 uses DC power, the voltage of the DC power supply is relatively low. The voltage that can be applied to the motor 13 is relatively small. At this time, the rotation speed of the motor 13 is relatively low.
  • variable reduction ratio component of the pressure washer provided by the present invention can select different reduction ratio gears to match different power types.
  • the pressure washer 100 provided by the present invention is provided with a variable reduction ratio component in the casing 10.
  • One end of the variable reduction ratio component is connected to the motor 13 and the other end is connected to the pump 14.
  • the variable reduction ratio component has an adjustable reduction ratio. The output rotation speed transmitted from the motor 13 to the pump 14 is adjusted so that the maximum output power when the pressure washer 100 selects to use an AC power source is greater than the maximum output power when the pressure washer 100 selects to use a DC power source 15.
  • the reduction ratio of the variable reduction ratio component when the pressure washer 100 is connected to an external AC power source is greater than the reduction ratio of the variable reduction ratio component when the pressure washer 100 is connected to a DC power source 15, that is, the first gear position.
  • the reduction ratio is greater than that of the second gear.
  • the reduction ratio of the variable reduction ratio component when the pressure washer 100 is connected to an external AC power source is smaller than the reduction ratio of the variable reduction ratio component when the pressure washer 100 is connected to a DC power source 15, that is, the first gear position.
  • the reduction ratio is smaller than that of the second gear.
  • the motor 13 when the pressure washer 100 is connected to an AC power source, the motor 13 runs at a first speed, and when the pressure washer 100 is connected to a DC power source, the motor runs at a second speed, where the first speed is greater than the second speed.
  • the purpose is that under the condition of AC power supply, the motor 13 of the pressure washer 100 works at a higher performance, so as to provide a stronger power for the pump 14 and enable the pump 14 to pump a cleaning fluid with a higher pressure and flow rate.
  • the motor 13 of the pressure washer 100 is operated at a lower performance and the energy consumption is reduced to improve the continuous working time of the pressure washer 100.
  • the reduction ratio of the first gear of the variable reduction ratio component is greater than the reduction ratio of the second gear.
  • the pressure washer 100 uses AC power, the rotation speed of the motor 13 is relatively high, and the variable reduction ratio component is in a deceleration. With a relatively high first gear, the variable reduction ratio component can reduce the speed of the motor 13 at a relatively large ratio, so that the speed of the motor 13 transmitted to the pump 14 is maintained at a high level within the operating frequency range of the pump 14;
  • the pressure washer 100 uses DC power supply
  • the rotation speed of the motor 13 is relatively low, and the variable reduction ratio component is in the second gear with a relatively low reduction ratio.
  • the variable reduction ratio component can reduce the rotational speed of the motor 13 at a relatively small ratio. Or, the rotation speed of the motor 13 is maintained, so that the rotation speed transmitted from the motor 13 to the pump 14 is maintained at a lower level within the operating frequency range of the pump 14.
  • variable reduction ratio component can change its own reduction ratio by manual operation of the operator's manual braking, or it can change its own reduction ratio by automatic operation of electric control.
  • the electric control can be controlled by a programmable controller. It can also be controlled and braked by single chip microcomputer.
  • variable reduction ratio component is a gear component.
  • the gear component 17 includes at least one moving gear and at least one fixed gear for meshing with the moving gear.
  • the moving gear is operable in a first position disengaged from the fixed gear and with the fixed gear.
  • the fixed gear meshes with a second position, and the reduction ratio of the gear assembly in the first position is different from the reduction ratio of the gear assembly in the second position.
  • the gear assembly 17 adjusts its own reduction ratio by means of manual actuation.
  • the gear assembly further includes an operating member connected to the moving gear, and the operating member is used to be operated to move the moving gear between a plurality of positions. Switch. The following will describe the reduction ratio switching structure with a specific embodiment.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the gear assembly 17 in the first gear position in the first embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram of the gear assembly 17 in the second gear position shown in FIG. 2. Schematic.
  • the moving gear is an internal ring gear 175, and the gear assembly 17 includes at least one planetary gear reduction mechanism.
  • the planetary gear reduction mechanism includes a sun gear 171, a plurality of planet gears 172 meshing with the sun gear, and a plurality of gears.
  • the ring gear 175 meshed by the planetary gears and the star gear 174 connected to a plurality of the planet gears.
  • the revolution of the planet gear 172 drives the star gear 174 to rotate synchronously.
  • the moving gear is the ring gear 175.
  • the fixed gear includes a star
  • the carrier gear 174 and the ring gear 175 are operable to switch between a first position disengaged from the star carrier gear 174 and a second position engaged with the star carrier gear 175. In the first position, please refer to FIG. 2, the gear assembly 17 It is in the first gear; in the second position, please refer to FIG. 3, and the gear assembly 17 is in the second gear.
  • the ring gear 175 is in the first position, the ring gear 175 is only engaged with a plurality of planetary gears 172, and the ring gear 175 is fixedly disposed; in the second position, the ring gear 175 is coupled with the planetary gears 172 and the star carrier The gear 174 meshes at the same time, and at this time, the ring gear 175 can rotate.
  • the planetary gear reduction mechanism includes a connecting member 173 that connects the planetary gear 172 and the planet carrier gear 174.
  • the sun gear 171 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the motor 13 or integrally formed with the output shaft of the motor 13.
  • the planetary gear 172 is disposed between the ring gear 175 and the sun gear 171, and the planetary gear 172 and the inner ring gear 175 and the sun gear 171 are mutually connected.
  • the planet gear 172 drives the planet gear 174 to rotate through the connecting member 173.
  • the planet gear 174 is meshed with the pump 14.
  • the sun gear 171 is sleeved on the motor shaft of the motor 13.
  • the sun gear 171 is driven by the motor 13 and rotates.
  • the meshed planetary gear 172 is driven to rotate.
  • One end of the planet gear 172 meshes with the sun gear 171 and the other end meshes with the ring gear 175.
  • the planet gear 172 meshes and rotates under the limit of the ring gear 175 and the sun gear 171, so that it has a rotation around the central axis of the sun gear 171 Revolution movement.
  • the star gear 174 is correspondingly connected to the planet gear 172.
  • the connecting member 173 is passed through the planet gear 172 and the corresponding star gear 174.
  • the connecting member 173 is used to realize the transmission of the planet gear 172 and the star gear 174.
  • the connecting member 173 is loosely matched with the planetary gear 172 and the star carrier gear 174, so that the planetary gear 172 and the star carrier gear 174 can freely rotate around the connecting member 173.
  • the planet gear 172 is connected to the star gear 174 through a connecting member 173.
  • the star gear 172 revolves between the ring gear 175 and the sun gear 171, and drives the star gear 174 to revolve around the central axis of the sun gear 171.
  • the number of the planetary gears 172 and the connecting members 173 are five. It can be understood that, in other embodiments, the planetary gear 172, the connecting members 173, and the number may be one or more, and two or more of them have better connection stability.
  • the pump 14 is provided with a rotation shaft 141 and a transmission gear 142 sleeved on the rotation shaft 141.
  • the transmission gear 142 is in interference fit with the star gear 174.
  • the star gear 174 rotates around the revolution of the transmission gear 142 to drive the transmission gear 142 of the pump 14 to rotate. .
  • the rotation of the transmission gear 142 drives the rotation shaft 141 to rotate, thereby inputting the power source into the pump 14.
  • the rotating shaft 141 and the transmission gear 142 in the pump 14 can also be integrally formed. At this time, the rotating shaft 141 is directly formed with meshing teeth and is meshed with the star gear 174.
  • the integral form rotates, and the angular velocity of the transmission gear 142 is the orbital angular velocity of the star carrier gear 174.
  • the star gear 174 can also be provided as a whole. At this time, the revolving motion of the planetary gear 172 is transmitted to the planetary gear 174, and the planetary gear is rotated according to the revolving speed of the planetary gear 172, thereby driving the transmission gear 142 to rotate.
  • the ring gear 175 is fixedly disposed on one side of the planetary gear 172 and the planetary gear 174, and the outer sides of the planetary gear 172 and the planetary gear 174 are meshed with the inside of the ring gear 175.
  • the moving gear is specifically a ring gear 176 connected to the ring gear 175.
  • the ring gear 175 is driven by the ring gear 176.
  • the pressure washer 100 is under AC power supply, the ring gear 175 is only meshed with the planetary gear 172.
  • the internal ring gear 175 is fixed and no rotational movement occurs.
  • the gear assembly 17 is in the first gear with a relatively high reduction ratio.
  • the internal ring gear 175 is driven by the ring 176 in the pressure washer 100.
  • the ring gear 176 fluctuates the ring gear 175 and causes the ring gear 175 to mesh with the planet gear 172 and the planet gear 174 at the same time. At this time, the ring gear 175 rotates synchronously with the planet gear 172 and the star gear 174.
  • the gear assembly 17 is in a second gear with a relatively low reduction ratio.
  • the ring gear 175 is only meshed with the planetary gear 172.
  • the sun gear 171 drives the planetary gear 172 to perform rotation and revolution movements, and the planetary gear 172 drives the star carrier.
  • the gear 174 orbits the transmission gear 142 of the pump 14.
  • the star gear 174 and the transmission gear 142 rotate in an integrated manner through an interference fit.
  • the angular speed of the transmission gear 142 is only the revolution angular speed of the star gear 174.
  • the rotation speed of the transmission gear 142 is relatively low.
  • the ring gear 175 meshes with the planet gear 172 and the planet gear 174 at the same time, the ring gear 175 rotates synchronously with the planet gear 172 and the planet gear 174, and the sun The rotation of the wheel 171 is directly transmitted to the star gear 174.
  • the star gear 174 revolves around the sun gear 171 with the planet gear 172 and the ring gear 175.
  • the rotation speed of the transmission gear 142 is the revolution speed of the star gear 174. That is, the revolution speed of the planetary gear 172 is relatively small, and the rotation speed of the transmission gear 142 is relatively high at this time.
  • the gear assembly 17 has a first gear with a relatively high reduction ratio and a second gear with a relatively low reduction ratio, when the pressure washer 100 uses AC power, the speed of the motor 13 is relatively high, and the gear assembly 17 is in a deceleration. Compared with the relatively high first gear, the gear assembly 17 reduces the actual rotation speed of the motor 13 to the pump 14 at a relatively large ratio; when the pressure washer 100 is powered by DC, the rotation speed of the motor 13 is relatively low, and the gear assembly 17 is in the second gear with a relatively low reduction ratio, and the gear assembly 17 can reduce the actual speed of the motor 13 input to the pump 14 at a relatively small ratio.
  • the reduction ratio of the gear assembly 17 in the second gear is 1, and it can be understood that the reduction ratio of the gear assembly 17 in the second gear is not limited to 1 in the above embodiment, and in other embodiments
  • the reduction ratio of the gear assembly 17 in the second gear can also be set to a value other than 1, as long as a reduction gear mechanism is added to the planetary gear reduction mechanism, for example, an additional one
  • the planetary gear reduction mechanism will be described in detail in the embodiment shown in FIG. 4 below.
  • FIG. 4 is an exploded schematic view of the gear assembly 17a in the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • This embodiment has a similar structure to the first embodiment, except that the second embodiment includes two sets of planetary gear reduction mechanisms, the same structure.
  • the same reference numerals are used and are not repeated here.
  • the gear assembly 17a includes a sun gear 171a, a planet gear 172a, a connecting member 173a, a planet gear 174a, and an internal ring gear 175a.
  • the internal ring gear 175a is adjusted by a ring (not shown) to adjust the reduction ratio. .
  • the structure and connection relationship of the sun gear 171a, the planetary gear 172a, and the ring gear 175a in this embodiment are the same as the structure and connection relationship of the sun gear 171, the planetary gear 172, and the ring gear 175 in the first embodiment, and details are not described herein. .
  • the gear assembly 17a further includes a gear carrier 177.
  • a connecting member 173b is provided on the gear carrier 177, and a planetary wheel 174a is sleeved on each of the connecting members 173b.
  • the gear assembly 17a further includes a center frame 178, and the center frame 178 is disposed on the sun gear 171a. Between the planetary gear 174a and the planetary gear 174a, the center frame 178 has a double-layer structure.
  • the central frame 178 includes a ring gear 1781 for meshing with the planetary gear 174a and a toothed disk 1782 for meshing with the internal gearing 175a.
  • a through hole (not labeled) is provided on the toothed plate 1782 at a position corresponding to the connecting member 173a, and the through hole is used for passing through the connecting member 173a sleeved with the planetary gear 172a.
  • the gear assembly 17a When the gear assembly 17a is in the first gear with a relatively large reduction ratio, the ring gear 175a only meshes with the planetary gear 172a, the sun gear 171a drives the planetary gear 172a to move, and the planetary gear 172 revolves around the central axis of the sun gear 171a.
  • the wheel 172 is connected to the toothed wheel 1782 of the center frame 178 through a connecting member 173a.
  • the revolution of the planetary wheel 172 drives the center frame 178 to rotate, and the ring gear 1781 in the center frame 178 rotates to drive the planetary wheel 174a to revolve. 1781 rotates and revolves, the gear carrier 177 transmits the energy supply to the pump 14 again.
  • the actual rotational speed input by the motor 13 to the pump 14 is the angular speed of the gear carrier 177, that is, the orbital angular speed of the planetary gear 174a.
  • the reduction ratio of the gear assembly 17a is relatively large.
  • the ring gear 175a meshes with the planetary gear 172a and the center frame 178 at the same time, so that the center gear 178 rotates synchronously with the planetary gear 172a and the ring gear 175a.
  • the rotational movement of 171a is directly transmitted to the center frame 178, and the planetary gear 172a does not realize a reduction function.
  • the rotation of the center frame 178 drives the planet gear 174a to revolve around the center axis of the center frame 178, and only the first-level planetary gear is decelerated.
  • the orbital angular velocity of the planetary gear 174a is increased relative to the first gear, the angular velocity of the gear carrier 177 is higher than the first gear, and the reduction ratio of the gear assembly 17a is relatively low.
  • 5-6 are schematic structural diagrams of a gear assembly in a third embodiment provided by the present invention. This embodiment is similar to the first embodiment above, except that the difference is only in the structure of the gear assembly 18. For the sake of brevity of description, the same structure is given the same number and will not be described again.
  • the gear assembly 18 includes a fixed gear set (187, 188) and a moving gear set (182, 184), and an operating member 186 connected to the moving gear set (182, 184).
  • the operating member 186 is operable to move the moving gear set (182, 184), so that the moving gear set (182, 184) and the fixed gear set (187, 188) are switched between a first position and a second position that mesh with each other.
  • the reduction ratio of the moving gear set (182, 184) to the fixed gear set (187, 188) is adjusted, that is, the reduction ratio of the gear assembly 18 is changed. That is, referring to FIG.
  • the gear assembly 18 has a first reduction ratio; the moving gear set (182 (184) In the second position meshing with the fixed gear set (187, 188), referring to FIG. 6, the gear assembly 18 has a second reduction ratio, wherein the first reduction ratio is different from the second reduction ratio.
  • the gear assembly 17 further includes a plurality of fixed gears corresponding to the plurality of moving gears, and the plurality of moving gears are operable on their shafts. Move in the direction to make the corresponding moving gear mesh with the corresponding fixed gear, thereby changing the reduction ratio of the gear assembly 17.
  • the moving gear set includes two moving gears.
  • the two moving gears include a pinion 182 and a pinion 184, wherein the pinion 184 and the pinion 184 are arranged coaxially, and the number of teeth is different.
  • the fixed gear includes two large gears corresponding to the two pinions 182 and 184. 187, 188, where the large gear 188 and the large gear 187 are arranged coaxially, the number of teeth of the large gear 188 and the large gear 187 are different, and the number of teeth of the two large gears is greater than the number of teeth of the two small gears, respectively.
  • Two movable gears are operable to move between a first position and a second position along their axial direction. In the first position, one of the small gears meshes with one of the large gears; in the second position, where Another pinion meshes with one of the other large gears
  • the diameter of the pinion 184 is larger than that of the pinion 182, and the diameter of the large gear 188 is larger than that of the large gear 187.
  • the small gears 182 and 184 are respectively connected to the output shaft of the motor 13 in order, and the large gear 184 having a larger diameter is disposed near the motor 13 and the small gears 182 and 184 are configured to be able to move in the axial direction of the motor 13 to move to
  • the fixed gear set (187, 188) engages the first position or the second position.
  • the large gears 188 and 187 are connected to the pump 14 in turn, respectively.
  • the large gear 188 with a larger diameter is arranged near the pump 14 and the large gears 188 and 187 are immovable in the direction of the rotation axis.
  • the small gear 182 meshes with the large gear 188.
  • the small gear 184 and the large gear 187 operate independently and do not transmit rotary motion.
  • the gear assembly 18 has a first speed reduction.
  • the small gear 184 meshes with the large gear 187, and the small gear 182 and the large gear 188 both operate independently, and do not transmit rotary motion.
  • the gear assembly 18 has a first Two reduction ratios. The first reduction ratio is greater than the second reduction ratio.
  • the operating member 186 is operable to switch the moving gear set between the first position and the second position, thereby changing the reduction ratio of the gear assembly 18.
  • the moving gear set may also be large gears 188, 187
  • the fixed gear set is small gears 182, 184
  • the actuator 186 is operable to move the positions of the large gears 188, 187, so that The gears 188, 187 mesh with different pinions 182, 184, thereby changing the reduction ratio of the gear assembly 18.
  • the pressure washer 100 provided by the present invention can realize multiple types of adaptation to DC power and AC power, can be powered by DC power outdoors, and can be powered by AC power indoors. The cost is relatively low, and it has a better application prospect.

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Abstract

一种压力清洗机（100），包括：壳体（10）；电机（13）；泵（14），具有出水端及进水端；喷嘴（11），连通于泵（14）的出水端；进液件（12），连通于泵（14）的进水端；传动组件，一端连接于电机（13），另一端连接于泵（14）；电机（13）的个数仅有一个，压力清洗机（100）选择性的采用直流电源或交流电源供电，传动组件包括变减速比组件，当压力清洗机（100）采用交流电源供电时，变减速比组件处于第一档位；当压力清洗机（100）采用直流电源供电时，变减速比组件处于第二档位。

Description

压力清洗机 技术领域
本发明涉及清洁领域，特别是涉及一种压力清洗机。
背景技术
压力清洗机具有工作效率高、安全性强等优点，其能够胜任汽车、门窗、落地玻璃等大面积物体的清洗工作，不仅携带和使用方便，还减少了人工清洗的工作量，为人们的生活带来了极大的便利。但是现有的压力清洗机只能对直流电源或交流电源中的单类型连接，交流电源连接位置相对固定，直流电源的供电时长有限，这限制了压力清洗机的广泛应用。
发明内容
有鉴于此，有必要提供一种改进的压力清洗机，其能够实现交直流两用，并且成本相对较低。
本发明提供一种压力清洗机，所述压力清洗机包括：
一种压力清洗机，所述压力清洗机包括：壳体；电机，设置于所述壳体内；泵，由所述电机驱动，用于对液流进行加压，所述泵具有出水端及进水端；喷嘴，连通于所述泵的出水端，用以向外喷出加压后的液流；进液件，连通于所述泵的进水端，用以补给供目标物清洗的液流；传动组件，一端连接于所述电机，另一端连接于所述泵，用于将所述电机的旋转运动传动至所述泵，驱动所述泵工作；
所述电机的个数仅有一个，所述压力清洗机选择性的采用直流电源或者交流电源供电，所述传动组件包括变减速比组件，所述变减速比组件包括至少两种不同的减速比档位，所述变减速比组件的至少两种不同的所述减速比档位包括第一档位和第二档位；当所述压力清洗机采用交流电源供电时，所述变减速比组件处于所述第一档位；当所述压力清洗机采用直流电源供电时，所述变减速比组件处于所述第二档位，所述压力清洗机采用交流电源供电时所述变减速比组件的输出转速大于所述压力清洗机选择采用直流电源供电时所述变减速比组件的输出转速。
在其中一可选的实施方式中，所述压力清洗机包括用于连接所述交流电源的交流电源接口和用于连接所述直流电源的直流电源接口，所述压力清洗机还包括联动装置，当所述交流电源连接至所述交流电源接口时，能够直接触发所述联动装置控制所述变减速比组件处于所述第一档位；和/或，当所述直流电源连接至所述直流电源接口时，能够直接触发所述联动装置控制所述变减速比组件处于所述第二档位。
在其中一可选的实施方式中，所述联动装置包括设置在所述交流电源接口上的第一触发件和设置在所述直流电源接口上的第二触发件；当所述交流电源连接至所述交流电源接口时，带动所述第一触发件，联动所述变减速比组件切换至所述第一档位，当所述直流电源连接至所述直流电源接口时，直接带动所述第二触发部，联动所述变减速比组件切换至所述第二档位。
在其中一可选的实施方式中，所述联动装置包括设置于所述交流电源接口或所述直流电源接口上的触发件，所述触发件包括被触发的第一位置和未被触发的第二位置；
所述触发件设置于所述交流电源接口，当所述交流电源连接至所述交流电源接口能够触发所述触发件使其位于所述第一位置，以联动所述变减速比组件处于所述第一档位，当所述交流电源未连接至所述交流电源接口时，所述变减速比组件处于所述第二档位；
或者，所述触发件设置于所述直流电源接口，当所述直流电源连接至所述直流电源接口能够直接触发所述触发件使其位于所述第一位置，以联动所述变减速比组件位于所述第二档位，当所述直流电源未连接至所述直流电源接口时，所述变减速比组件位于所述第一档位。
在其中一可选的实施方式中，所述压力清洗机包括用于连接交流电源的交流电源接口和用于连接直流电源的直流电源接口，所述联动装置包括阻挡件，所述阻挡件可操作在第一位置和第二位置之间切换；当所述阻挡件位于所述第一位置，所述压力清洗机仅能通过所述交流电源接口连接所述交流电源供电；当所述阻挡件位于所述第二位置，所述压力清洗机仅能通过所述直流电源接口连接所述直流电源供电。
在其中一可选的实施方式中，当所述阻挡件切换至所述第一位置，能够同时控制所述变减速比组件处于所述第一档位；当所述阻挡件切换至所述第二位置，能够同时控制所述变减速比组件处于所述第二档位。
在其中一可选的实施方式中，所述压力清洗机还包括感应单元和执行器，所述感应单元能够识别所述压力清洗机所连接的电源类型；当所述感应单元识别到所述交流电源，所述感应单元发出感应信号，控制所述执行器驱动所述变减速比组件处于所述第一档位；当所述感应单元识别到所述直流电源，所述感应单元发出感应信号，控制所述执行器驱动所述变减速比组件处于所述第一档位。
在其中一可选的实施方式中，所述压力清洗机还包括能够识别所述交流电源或所述直流电源的感应单元和执行器；
当所述感应单元识别到所述交流电源，所述感应单元发出感应信号，控制所述执行器驱动所述变减速比组件处于所述第一档位，当所述感应单元未识别到所述交流电源，所述执行器驱动所述变减速比组件处于所述第二档位；或者，
当所述感应单元识别到所述直流电源，所述感应单元发出感应信号，控制所述执行器驱 动所述变减速比组件处于所述第二档位，当所述感应单元未识别到所述直流电源，所述执行器驱动所述变减速比组件处于所述第一档位。
在其中一可选的实施方式中，所述变减速比组件为齿轮组件，所述齿轮组件包括至少一个动齿轮和用于与所述动齿轮啮合的至少一个定齿轮，所述动齿轮可操作的在与所述定齿轮脱离的第一位置和与所述定齿轮啮合的第二位置之间切换，在所述第一位置时所述齿轮组件的减速比不同于所述第二位置时所述齿轮组件的减速比。
在其中一可选的实施方式中，所述齿轮组件包括至少一个行星齿轮减速机构，所述行星齿轮减速机构包括太阳轮、与所述太阳轮啮合的多个行星轮、与多个所述行星轮啮合的内齿圈以及与多个所述行星轮传动连接的星架齿轮，所述行星轮的公转带动所述星架齿轮同步旋转，所述动齿轮包括所述内齿圈，所述定齿轮包括所述星架齿轮，所述内齿圈可操作的在与所述星架齿轮脱离的第一位置和与所述星架齿轮啮合的第二位置之间切换，在所述第一位置，所述齿轮组件处于所述第一档位；在所述第二位置，所述齿轮组件处于所述第二档位。
在其中一可选的实施方式中，在所述第一位置，所述内齿圈仅与多个所述行星轮啮合，所述内齿圈相对所述壳体固定设置；在所述第二位置，所述内齿圈与多个所述行星轮和所述星架齿轮同时啮合，所述内齿圈与所述行星轮和所述星架齿轮同步转动。
在其中一可选的实施方式中，所述动齿轮的个数为多个，所述齿轮组件还包括与多个所述动齿轮对应设置的多个定齿轮，多个所述动齿轮可操作的在其轴向方向上移动以使相应的所述动齿轮与对应的所述定齿轮啮合。
在其中一可选的实施方式中，所述动齿轮包括两个同轴设置的小齿轮，所述定齿轮包括与两个所述小齿轮一一对应设置的两个大齿轮，两个所述小齿轮的齿数彼此不同，两个所述大齿轮的齿数彼此不同，所述大齿轮的齿数大于所述小齿轮的齿数，两个所述动齿轮可操作的沿其轴向方向在第一位置和第二位置之间移动，在第一位置时，其中一个所述小齿轮与其中一个所述大齿轮啮合；在第二位置时，其中另一个所述小齿轮与其中另一个所述大齿轮啮合。
在其中一可选的实施方式中，所述齿轮组件通过手动致动的方式调节自身的减速比，所述齿轮组件还包括连接所述动齿轮的操动件，所述操动件可操作使所述动齿轮在所述第一位置和所述第二位置之间切换。
在其中一可选的实施方式中，所述第一档位的减速比大于所述第二档位的减速比。
在其中一可选的实施方式中，当所述压力清洗机选择采用交流电源供电时，所述电机运转在第一转速，当所述压力清洗机选择采用直流电源供电时，所述电机运转在第二转速，所述第一转速大于所述第二转速。
在其中一可选的实施方式中，所述电机配置为双绕组电机，所述电机包括交流绕组和直 流绕组，当所述压力清洗机连接所述交流电源，所述交流绕组通电工作，当所述压力清洗机连接所述直流电源，所述直流绕组通电工作。
在其中一可选的实施方式中，所述压力清洗机为手持式压力清洗机，所述壳体呈手持枪型，包括用于握持的手柄，所述电机和所述泵均设置于所述壳体内。
本发明还提供了一种压力清洗机，所述压力清洗机包括：
壳体；
电机，设置于所述壳体内；
泵，由所述电机驱动，用于对液流进行加压，所述泵具有出水端及进水端；
喷嘴，连通于所述泵的出水端，用以向外喷出加压后的液流；
进液件，连通于所述泵的进水端，用以补给供目标物清洗的液流；
传动组件，一端连接于所述电机，另一端连接于所述泵，用于将所述电机的旋转运动传动至所述泵，驱动所述泵工作；
所述电机的个数仅有一个，所述压力清洗机选择性的采用直流电源或者交流电源供电，所述传动组件包括变减速比组件，所述变减速比组件包括至少两种不同的减速比档位，所述变减速比组件的至少两种不同的所述减速比档位包括第一档位和第二档位；当所述压力清洗机旋转采用所述交流电源供电时，所述变减速比组件可操作的在所述第一档位和所述第二档位之间切换，以使所述传动组件输出两种不同的转速；当所述压力清洗机旋转采用所述直流电源供电时，所述变减速比组件可操作的在所述第一档位和所述第二档位之间切换，以使所述传动组件输出两种不同的转速。
在其中一可选的实施方式中，所述压力清洗机选择采用交流电源供电时所述传动组件的最大输出转速大于所述压力清洗机选择采用直流电源供电时所述传动组件的最大输出转速
在其中一可选的实施方式中，所述变减速比组件为齿轮组件，所述齿轮组件包括至少一个动齿轮和用于与所述动齿轮啮合的至少一个定齿轮，所述动齿轮可操作的在与所述定齿轮脱离的第一位置和啮合的第二位置之间切换，在所述第一位置时所述齿轮组件的减速比不同于所述第二位置时所述齿轮组件的减速比。
本发明提供的所述压力清洗机能够实现对直流电源与交流电源的多类型配适，在户外能够通过直流电源供电，在室内能够通过交流电源供电，成本相对低廉，在配适多类型的电源时输出的相应的压力流量，具有较佳的应用前景。
附图说明
图1为本发明一个实施方式中的压力清洗机的结构示意图。
图2为本发明第一实施例中变减速比组件处于第一档位时的结构示意图。
图3为图2所示变减速比组件处于第二档位时的结构示意图。
图4为本发明第二实施例中变减速比组件的分解示意图。
图5为本发明第三实施例中变减速比组件的结构示意图。
图6为图5所示的变减速比组件另一减速比的结构示意图。
如下具体实施方式将结合上述附图进一步说明本发明。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
需要说明的是，当组件被称为“装设于”另一个组件，它可以直接装设在另一个组件上或者也可以存在居中的组件。当一个组件被认为是“设置于”另一个组件，它可以是直接设置在另一个组件上或者可能同时存在居中组件。当一个组件被认为是“固定于”另一个组件，它可以是直接固定在另一个组件上或者可能同时存在居中组件。
除非另有定义，本文所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本发明的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同。本文中在本发明的说明书中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施例的目的，不是旨在于限制本发明。本文所使用的术语“或/及”包括一个或多个相关的所列项目的任意的和所有的组合。
请参阅图1，图1为本发明一个实施方式中的压力清洗机100的结构示意图，压力清洗机100用于喷出加压后的流体介质来辅助用户清洗目标物。本实施方式中，压力清洗机100用于供用户清洗汽车。可以理解，在其他实施方式中，压力清洗机100还可以应用于门窗、墙壁、落地玻璃、庭院道路清洗等其他的使用环境中。
本实施例所示的压力清洗机100具体为手持式压力清洗机，包括呈手枪状的壳体10、喷嘴11、进液件12、电机13及泵14，喷嘴11设置于壳体10的一端，壳体10包括用于握持的手柄，进液件12穿过壳体10并连通于泵14的进水口，电机13及泵14均设置于壳体10的内部，电机13连接于泵14，壳体10用以固定喷嘴11、进液件12、电机13及泵14，进液件12连接于泵14的进水端，喷嘴11连通于泵14的出水端，喷嘴11用以向外喷出加压后的液流，进液件12用以补充供目标物清洗的液流，电机13用以驱动泵14运转，泵14用以将进液件12输送来的相对低压的液流加压为相对高压的液流。电机13驱动泵14运转，将进液件12输送来的相对低压的液流通过加压作用，转变为相对高压的液流并通过喷嘴11向外喷 出，从而实现对外部目标物的清洗工作。
当然，压力清洗机并不局限于手持式类型，压力清洗机还可以是座式、手拎式等其他形态。在其中一实施方式中，压力清洗机为座式压力清洗机，包括主机以及与通过出水管与主机相连的喷嘴11，主机包括壳体，设置在壳体内的电机13和泵14，喷嘴11通过出水管与壳体相连，进行清洗工作时，主机置于地面或其他支撑面上，操作者仅操作喷嘴11即可在出水管覆盖的范围内进行清洗工作，移动主机可改变清洗区域。优选的，壳体上设置移动所述主机的把手，操作者通过提拉把手即可拎起压力清洗机，当然，壳体上还可以设置支撑滚轮，通过支撑滚轮可实现压力清洗机在支撑面上滚动，而不需要操作者提起整个压力清洗机的重量，方便操作者移动压力清洗机。
本案并不限定泵14所选用的类型，泵14可以采用柱塞泵或者齿轮泵，也可以采用隔膜泵等其他类型的泵。
本实施方式中，流经压力清洗机100并用以清洗外部目标物的流体介质采用水。可以理解，在其他的实施方式中，压力清洗机100还可以采用洗车液、清洗剂等其他类型的流体介质，只要该流体介质能够实现对外部目标物的清洗即可。
可以理解，壳体10内还可以设置控制组件(图未示)、安全组件等组件来辅助压力清洗机100更佳完成对外部目标物的清洗，由于此部分并非本发明的重点，在此不做赘述。
压力清洗机能够选择性采用直流电源或者交流电源供电，电机13的个数仅有一个，本发明提供的压力清洗机100在壳体10内设置传动组件，传动组件的一端连接于电机13，另一端连接于泵14，传动组件用于将所述电机的旋转运动传动至所述泵，驱动所述泵工作。传动组件包括变减速比组件，变减速比组件具有可调的减速比，变减速比组件包括至少两种不同的减速比档位，所述变减速比组件可操作的在至少两种不同的减速比档位之间切换，以调整压力清洗机的输出功率。
变减速比组件具有多种不同的减速比，且能够选择性的在多种不同的减速比档位之间切换，这样能够在不改变电机运行参数的情况下调整泵的运转速度，从而改变压力清洗机的输出的液流的压力和流量，以调整压力清洗机的输出功率。
电机13能够可选择的连接于直流电源15及外部交流电源，使得压力清洗机100不仅能够在配置有外部交流电源的使用环境中使用，而且在户外等无法连接外部交流电源的情况下通过直流电源15为电机13供电，提高了压力清洗机100的使用便捷性。
变减速比组件的至少两种不同的减速比档位包括第一档位和第二档位。当压力清洗机100采用交流电源供电时，变减速比组件处于第一档位；当压力清洗机100采用直流电源供电时，变减速比组件处于第二档位，压力清洗机采用交流电源供电时所述变减速比组件的输出转速大于压力清洗机100选择采用直流电源供电时变减速比组件的输出转速。
为了满足变减速比组件的减速比档位匹配压力清洗机100连接的电源的类型，变减速比组件的减速比档位与连接的电源类型对应匹配设计。具体的，当压力清洗机100选择采用交流电源供电时，变减速比组件的减速比档位匹配为第一档位，当压力清洗机100选择采用直流电源供电时，变减速比组件的减速比档位匹配为第二档位。
本实施例中，压力清洗机100选择采用交流电源时的最大输出功率大于压力清洗机100选择采用直流电源15时的最大输出功率。具体的，当压力清洗机100连接交流电源时，电机13运行在第一速度，当压力清洗机100连接直流电源15供电时，电机13运行在第二速度，其中，第一速度大于第二速度。如此，针对压力清洗机100采用直流电源15供电时，电机13运行在较低的转速，避免有限储备的直流电源15被快速的消耗，使直流电源15能够维持压力清洗机100持续工作适当的时间，而针对压力清洗机100连接交流电源的情况，其电能供应是充足的，无需考虑压力清洗机100能够持续工作的时间了，可以尽可能的提高压力清洗机100的输出功率，即压力清洗机100输出的液流的压力和流量，提升清洗性能。
本实施例中，压力清洗机100还包括联动装置，联动装置配置为使变减速比组件的减速比档位自动匹配压力清洗机100连接的电源类型，当所述交流电源连接至交流电源接口时，能够直接触发联动装置控制变减速比组件处于第一档位；当直流电源连接至直流电源接口时，能够直接触发联动装置控制变减速比组件处于第二档位。也就是说，当压力清洗机100连接交流电源，联动装置自动调节变减速比组件的减速比档位至第一档位，当压力清洗机100连接直流电源，联动装置自动调节变减速比组件的减速比档位至所述第二档位。
本实施例中，所述联动装置包括设置在交流电源接口上的第一触发件和设置在直流电源接口上的第二触发件；当交流电源连接至交流电源接口时，带动第一触发件，联动变减速比组件切换至所述第一档位，当直流电源连接至直流电源接口时，直接带动第二触发部，联动变减速比组件切换至第二档位。具体的，当交流电源接口连接交流电源，第一触发部动作，使变减速比组件切换至第一档位；当直流电源接口连接直流电源，第二触发部动作，使变减速比组件切换至第二档位。
优选的，交流电源接口和直流电源接口之间相互干涉，以使压力清洗机100仅能择一的连接交流电源或直流电源。如此，防止两种电源同时连接至压力清洗机100造成危险。
在其中一可选的实施例中，触发件设置于交流电源接口，当交流电源连接至交流电源接口能够触发触发件使其位于第一位置，以联动变减速比组件处于第一档位，当交流电源未连接至交流电源接口时，所述变减速比组件处于所述第二档位；
在其中另一可选的实施例中，触发件设置于直流电源接口，当直流电源连接至直流电源接口能够直接触发触发件使其位于第一位置，以联动变减速比组件位于第二档位，当直流电源未连接至直流电源接口时，变减速比组件位于第一档位。
在其中一可选实施例中，联动装置包括阻挡件，所述阻挡件可操作在第一位置和第二位置之间切换。当阻挡件位于第一位置，压力清洗机100仅能通过交流电源接口连接交流电源供电，当阻挡件位于第二位置，压力清洗机100仅能通过直流电源接口连接直流电源供电。具体的，当阻挡件切换至第一位置，能够同时控制变减速比组件处于第一档位，当阻挡件切换至第二位置，能够同时控制变减速比组件处于第二档位。当阻挡件位于第一位置，直流电源接口被阻挡，压力清洗机100仅能通过交流电源接口连接交流电源供电，变减速比组件切换至第一档位；当阻挡件位于第二位置，交流电源接口被阻挡，压力清洗机100仅能通过直流电源接口连接直流电源，变减速比组件切换至第二档位。
在另一可选的实施例中，压力清洗机100还包括能够识别交流电源和直流电源的感应单元和执行器。当感应单元识别到交流电源，感应单元发出感应信号，控制执行器驱动变减速比组件处于第一档位；当感应单元识别到直流电源，感应单元发出感应信号，控制执行器驱动变减速比组件处于第一档位。具体的，当压力清洗机100连接交流电源时，感应单元识别到电源类型为交流电源，发出感应信号，控制执行器动作以驱动变减速比组件切换至第一档位；当压力清洗机100连接直流电源时，感应单元识别到电源类型为直流电源，发出控制信号控制执行器动作使变减速比组件自动切换至第二档位。
在其中另一可选的实施例中，压力清洗机100还包括能够识别交流电源或直流电源的感应单元和执行器。当感应单元识别到交流电源，感应单元发出感应信号，控制执行器驱动变减速比组件处于第一档位，当感应单元未识别到交流电源，执行器驱动变减速比组件处于第二档位。或者，当感应单元识别到直流电源，感应单元发出感应信号，控制执行器驱动变减速比组件处于第二档位，当感应单元未识别到直流电源，执行器驱动变减速比组件处于第一档位。
在另一可选的实施例中，当压力清洗机100同时连接交流电源和直流电源时，压力清洗机100的控制器控制优先采用交流电源供电。
如上实施例所述，变减速比组件的减速比档位与压力清洗机100所连接的电源类型一一匹配设置，这样能够根据所连接的交流电源设计匹配的减速比档位以实现期望的压力流量特性，使得压力清洗机针对不同电源储备配对不同的清洗性能，压力清洗机100在采用交流电源时，具有较强的压力流量，在采用直流电源时，具有适当的压力流量和持续工作时间。
在另一可选的实施例中，当压力清洗机100采用交流电源供电时，变减速比组件能够在不同的减速比档位之间切换，以输出不同压力和流量的清洗液流；当压力清洗机100采用直流电源15供电时，变减速比组件同样能够在不同的减速比档位之间切换，以输出不同压力和流量的清洗液流。具体的，当压力清洗机100旋转采用交流电源供电时，所述电机运转在第一速度，变减速比组件可操作在第一档位和第二档位之间切换，以改变传动组件的输出转速， 当压力清洗机选择采用直流电源供电时，电机运转在第二速度，变减速比组件可操作在第一档位和第二档位之间切换，以改变传动组件的输出转速，其中，第一速度大于第二速度，压力清洗机100选择采用交流电源供电时传动组件的最大输出转速大于压力清洗机100选择采用直流电源供电时传动组件的最大输出转速。因此，对于压力清洗机100，变减速比组件能够使其输出的多种不同的压力和流量的液流，具体种类的数量为两倍的减速比档位的个数。在该实施方式中，变减速比组件的减速比档位通过手动切换的方式，操作者可根据工况选择期望的减速比，调节压力清洗机100所喷出的压力和流量特性，用户可自主的匹配减速比档位，使压力清洗机100能够调节的压力和流量范围增大，适应更多的工况。
具体的，电机13配置为直流电机，电机13可选择的连接于直流电源15及外部交流电源(图未示)，直流电源15用于以直流供电的形式驱动电机13转动，外部交流电源通过交直变换作用后将自身的交流电转变为直流电后再驱动电机13转动，用户可通过控制组件(图未示)切换电机13与直流电源15及外部交流电源的电连接状态，从而实现对电机13能量供给形式的自由选择。
外部交流电源的交直变换可以通过现有的全波整流、可控硅整流、半波整流或者其他的方式实现交直变换，用以实现交直变换的交直变换组件16可以集成于压力清洗机100内，也可以设置在外部交流电源上。
在其中一实施例中，电机13配置为者双绕组电机，电机包括交流绕组和直流绕组，当压力清洗机连接交流电源，交流绕组通电工作，当压力清洗机连接所述直流电源，直流绕组通电工作，其能够选择性采用直流供电或交流供电。电机13的类型也可以是串激电机或，在本发明中不作限定。
本实施方式中，交直变换组件16集成于压力清洗机100内，交直变换组件16的一端电性连接于电机13，另一端电性连接于外部交流电源；交直变换组件16采用整流器，此时交直变换组件16具有成本相对低廉的优势，能够降低压力清洗机100的成本，有助于压力清洗机100的广泛应用。
可以理解，交直变化组件16也可以采用电压器等能够实现交直变化的其他器件。
本实施方式中，电机13通过线媒的方式连接于直流电源15，直流电源15为电池包。可以理解，在其他的实施方式中，电机13还可以通过线媒之外的连接方式实现与直流电源15的电连接，直流电源15还可以采用直流电源柜等其他类型的直流电源，只要该类型的直流电源15能够实现对电机13的直流供电即可。
本实施方式中，电机13通过线媒的方式连接于外部交流电源，此时该线媒上设置有插头，插头嵌入交流电源插座中实现电机13与外部交流电源的电连接。可以理解，在其他的实施方式中，电机13还可以通过无线传输等其他的连接方式实现与外部电源的电连接。
本实施方式中，直流电源15通过人工背负的方式随身携带。可以理解，在其他的实施方式中，直流电源15还可以为电池包，该电池包可以设置于壳体10的一端，也可以容置于壳体10的内部，此时线媒收容于壳体10内。
压力清洗机100由外部交流电源供电时，外部交流电源提供的交流电经过交直变换组件16的交直转换作用下转换为直流电，经过转换后的直流电具有相对较低的电压，从而满足电机13供电电压的要求，交流电转换后的直流电带动壳体10内的电机13转动，电机13再驱动壳体10内的泵14吸入进水管12中的相对低压的液流，并将相对低压的液流加压为相对高压的液流后通过喷嘴11喷出，从而实现压力清洗机100对外部目标物的清洗。
压力清洗机100在采用交流供电时，电机13上能够施加相对较大的电压，此时电机13具有相对较高的转速；当压力清洗机100采用直流供电时，直流供电的电压相对较低，电机13上能够施加的电压相对较小，此时电机13的转速相对较低。
这使得电机13在交流供电与直流供电时具有不同的转速，使得压力清洗机100在采用同一喷嘴11时喷出的液流具有不同的流体特性。为了提升在使用交流电源时，压力清洗机100的清洗性能，以及平衡使用直流电源时，压力清洗机100的持续工作时间。本发明提供的压力清洗机的变减速比组件可选不同的减速比档位分别匹配不同的电源类型。
本发明提供的压力清洗机100在壳体10内设置变减速比组件，变减速比组件的一端连接于电机13，另一端连接于泵14，变减速比组件具有可调的减速比，其能够调节电机13传递至泵14的输出转速，使得压力清洗机100选择采用交流电源时的最大输出功率大于压力清洗机100选择采用直流电源15时的最大输出功率。
在其中一实施例中，变减速比组件在压力清洗机100连接于外部交流电源时的减速比大于变减速比组件在压力清洗机100连接于直流电源15时的减速比，即第一档位的减速比大于第二档位的减速比。
在其中一实施例中，变减速比组件在压力清洗机100连接于外部交流电源时的减速比小于变减速比组件在压力清洗机100连接于直流电源15时的减速比，即第一档位的减速比小于第二档位的减速比。
本实施例中，当压力清洗机100连接交流电源时，电机13运行在第一转速，当压力清洗机100连接直流电源时，电机运行在第二转速，其中，第一转速大于第二转速。如此设置，目的是在交流电源供电情况下，压力清洗机100的电机13工作在较高的性能下，以为泵14提供更强的动力，使泵14能够泵出更强压力和流量的清洗液流；当压力清洗机采用直流供电的情况下，使压力清洗机100的电机13工作在较低的性能下，减少能量的消耗，以提升压力清洗机100的持续工作时间。
本实施例中，变减速比组件的第一档位的减速比大于第二档位的减速比，当压力清洗机 100采用交流供电时，电机13的转速相对较高，变减速比组件处于减速比相对较高的第一档位，变减速比组件能够以相对较大的比率降低电机13的转速，使得电机13传递至泵14的转速维持在泵14的工作频率范围内的较高水平；当压力清洗机100采用直流供电时，电机13的转速相对较低，变减速比组件处于减速比相对较低的第二档位，变减速比组件能够以相对较小的比率降低电机13的转速或维持电机13的转速，使得电机13传递至泵14的转速维持在泵14的工作频率范围内的较低水平。
可以理解，变减速比组件可以通过操作人员手动制动的人工作业方式改变自身的减速比，也可以通过电动控制的自动化作业方式改变自身的减速比，电动控制可以采用可编程控制器制动，也可以采用单片机等方式控制并制动。
具体的，变减速比组件为齿轮组件，齿轮组件17包括至少一个动齿轮和用于与所述动齿轮啮合的至少一个定齿轮，动齿轮可操作的在与定齿轮脱离的第一位置和与定齿轮啮合的第二位置之间切换，在第一位置时齿轮组件的减速比不同于第二位置时齿轮组件的减速比。本实施例中，齿轮组件17通过手动致动的方式调节自身的减速比，齿轮组件还包括连接动齿轮的操动件，操动件用于被操作以使动齿轮的在多个位置之间切换。下面将以具体的实施例对减速比切换结构进行说明。
请一并参阅图2至图3，图2为本发明第一实施例中齿轮组件17处于第一档位时的结构示意图，图3为图2所示齿轮组件17处于第二档位时的结构示意图。
本实施例中，动齿轮为内齿圈175，齿轮组件17包括至少一个行星齿轮减速机构，行星齿轮减速机构包括太阳轮171、与所述太阳轮啮合的多个行星轮172、与多个所述行星轮啮合的内齿圈175以及与多个所述行星轮传动连接的星架齿轮174，行星轮172的公转带动星架齿轮174同步旋转，动齿轮为内齿圈175，定齿轮包括星架齿轮174，内齿圈175可操作的在与星架齿轮174脱离的第一位置和与星架齿轮175啮合的第二位置之间切换，在第一位置，请参照图2，齿轮组件17处于第一档位；在第二位置，请参照图3，齿轮组件17处于第二档位。
具体的，内齿圈175在第一位置，内齿圈175仅与多个行星轮172啮合，内齿圈175固定设置；在第二位置，内齿圈175与多个行星轮172和星架齿轮174同时啮合，此时，内齿圈175可转动。
行星齿轮减速机构包括连接行星轮172与星架齿轮174的连接件173。太阳轮171与电机13的输出轴固定连接或与电机13的输出轴一体成型，行星轮172设置于内齿圈175与太阳轮171之间，行星轮172与内齿圈175及太阳轮171相互啮合，行星轮172通过连接件173带动星架齿轮174转动，星架齿轮174与泵14啮合连接，太阳轮171套设于电机13的电机轴上，太阳轮171在电机13的带动下转动并带动啮合连接的行星轮172转动。
行星轮172的一端与太阳轮171啮合，另一端与内齿圈175啮合，行星轮172在内齿圈175与太阳轮171的限位下啮合转动，从而使得自身具有绕太阳轮171中心轴线转动的公转运动。
本实施例中，星架齿轮174为与行星轮172对应连接，连接件173穿设于行星轮172及对应的星架齿轮174，连接件173用以实现行星轮172及星架齿轮174的传动，连接件173与行星轮172及星架齿轮174松配合，使得行星轮172及星架齿轮174能够绕连接件173自由转动。
行星轮172通过连接件173连接于星架齿轮174，星行轮172在内齿圈175与太阳轮171之间公转，带动星架齿轮174绕太阳轮171的中心轴线公转。
本实施方式中，行星轮172、连接件173的数量均为五个。可以理解，在其他的实施方式中，行星轮172、连接件173及数量还可以为一个或一个以上，其中两个或两个以上具有较佳的连接稳定性。
泵14上设置有转动轴141及套设于转动轴141的传动齿轮142，传动齿轮142与星架齿轮174过盈配合，星架齿轮174绕传动齿轮142的公转带动泵14的传动齿轮142自转。传动齿轮142的自转带动转动轴141转动，从而将动力源输入泵14内。
可以理解，泵14中的转动轴141与传动齿轮142还可以一体成型，此时转动轴141上直接成型有啮合齿并与星架齿轮174啮合连接。
星架齿轮174与传动齿轮142之间的过盈配合，星架齿轮174仅有公转运动，星架齿轮174与传动齿轮142之间不发生啮合转动，此时星架齿轮174与传动齿轮14以整体的形式发生旋转运动，传动齿轮142的角速度为星架齿轮174的公转角速度。
可以理解的，星架齿轮174也可以设置成一个整体。此时，行星轮172的公转运动传递至星架齿轮174，使行星架齿轮按照行星轮172的公转速度旋转，从而带动传动齿轮142转动。
内齿圈175固定设置于行星轮172及星架齿轮174的一侧，行星轮172及星架齿轮174的外侧均与内齿圈175的内侧啮合连接。动齿轮具体为与内齿圈175连接的拨圈176，内齿圈175在拨圈176的带动下发生，在压力清洗机100处于交流供电时，内齿圈175仅与行星轮172啮合连接，此时，内齿圈175固定设置，并不发生旋转运动，此时齿轮组件17处于减速比相对较高的第一档位；内齿圈175在拨圈176的带动下，在压力清洗机100处于直流供电时，拨圈176波动内齿圈175并使得内齿圈175同时与行星轮172及星架齿轮174啮合连接，此时内齿圈175与行星轮172和星家齿轮174同步转动，齿轮组件17处于减速比相对较低的第二档位。
当齿轮组件17处于减速比相对较高的第一档位时，内齿圈175仅与行星轮172啮合连 接，太阳轮171带动行星轮172做自转运动及公转运动，行星轮172再带动星架齿轮174绕泵14的传动齿轮142做公转运动，星架齿轮174与传动齿轮142之间通过过盈配合以整体的形式发生转动，此时传动齿轮142的角速度仅有星架齿轮174的公转角速度，此时传动齿轮142的转速相对较低。
当齿轮组件17处于减速比相对较低的第二档位时，内齿圈175与行星轮172及星架齿轮174同时啮合，内齿圈175与行星轮172和星架齿轮174同步转动，太阳轮171的旋转运动直接传递至星架齿轮174，星架齿轮174与行星轮172和内齿圈175一同绕着太阳轮171公转，此时传动齿轮142的转动速度为星架齿轮174的公转速度，即行星轮172的公转速度，减速比较小，此时传动齿轮142的转速相对较高。
由于齿轮组件17具有减速比相对较高的第一档位和减速比相对较低的第二档位，当压力清洗机100采用交流供电时，电机13的转速相对较高，齿轮组件17处于减速比相对较高的第一档位，齿轮组件17以相对较大的比率降低电机13向泵14输入的实际转速；当压力清洗机100采用直流供电时，电机13的转速相对较低，齿轮组件17处于减速比相对较低的第二档位，齿轮组件17能够以相对较小的比率降低电机13向泵14输入的实际转速。
本实施方式中，齿轮组件17在第二档位时的减速比为1，可以理解，齿轮组件17在第二档位的减速比并不限于上述实施例中的1，在其他的实施方式中，齿轮组件17在第二档位的减速比还可以设置为除1之外的其他数值，只要在行星齿轮减速机构的基础上再增加一级的减速机构，即可实现，例如，再增加一级行星齿轮减速机构，下面在图4所示的实施例中将详细介绍。
图4为本发明第二实施例中齿轮组件17a的分解示意图，该实施例与第一实施例有相类似的结构，不同之处在于第二实施例包括两组行星齿轮减速机构，相同的结构采用相同的标号，并不作赘述。
请参见图4，齿轮组件17a包括太阳轮171a、行星轮172a、连接件173a、行星轮174a及内齿圈175a，内齿圈175a由拨圈(图未示)拨动实现对减速比的调节。
本实施方式中的太阳轮171a、行星轮172a及内齿圈175a的结构及连接关系与第一实施方式太阳轮171、行星轮172及内齿圈175的结构及连接关系相同，在此不作赘述。
齿轮组件17a还包括一齿轮架177，齿轮架177上设置有连接件173b，每一连接件173b上套置一个行星轮174a；齿轮组件17a还包括中心架178，中心架178设置于太阳轮171a与行星轮174a之间，中心架178为双层结构，中心架178包括用以与行星轮174a啮合的齿圈1781及用以与内齿圈175a啮合的齿盘1782，齿圈1781与行星轮174a配合，齿盘1782上对应连接件173a的位置开设有通孔(未标号)，该通孔用以供与行星轮172a套设的连接件173a穿入。
下面描述齿轮组件17a的传动过程：
当齿轮组件17a处于减速比相对较大的第一档位时，内齿圈175a仅与行星轮172a啮合，太阳轮171a带动行星轮172a运动，行星轮172绕太阳轮171a的中心轴线公转，行星轮172通过连接件173a与中心架178的齿盘1782连接，行星轮172的公转带动中心架178自转，中心架178中的齿圈1781转动再带动行星轮174a公转，行星轮174a绕着齿圈1781自转和公转，齿轮架177再将能量供给传递至泵14处。电机13向泵14输入的实际转速为齿轮架177的角速度，也即行星轮174a的公转角速度，经过两级行星齿轮减速，齿轮组件17a的减速比相对较大。
当齿轮组件17a处于减速比相对较低的第二档位时，内齿圈175a与行星轮172a及中心架178同时啮合，使得中心架178与行星齿轮172a以及内齿圈175a同步转动，太阳轮171a的旋转运动直接传递至中心架178，行星齿轮172a并没有实现减速的功能，此时中心架178的自转带动行星轮174a绕中心架178的中心轴线公转，仅有一级行星齿轮减速。行星轮174a的公转角速度相对第一档位升高，齿轮架177的角速度相对第一档位要高，齿轮组件17a的减速比相对较低。
图5-图6为本发明提供的第三实施例中的齿轮组件的结构示意图。该实施方式与上述实施方式一类似，区别仅在于齿轮组件18的结构，为了描述简洁，相同的结构采用相同的编号，并不再赘述。
在该实施例中，齿轮组件18包括定齿轮组(187，188)和动齿轮组(182，184)，以及与动齿轮组(182，184)相连接的操动件186。操动件186可操作的移动动齿轮组(182，184)，使动齿轮组(182，184)与定齿轮组(187，188)在相互啮合的第一位置和第二位置之间切换，从而调节动齿轮组(182，184)到定齿轮组(187，188)的减速比，即改变齿轮组件18的减速比。也即是说，请参见图5，动齿轮组(182，184)在与定齿轮组(187，188)啮合的第一位置时，齿轮组件18的具有第一减速比；动齿轮组(182，184)在与定齿轮组(187，188)啮合的第二位置时，请参见图6，齿轮组件18具有第二减速比，其中第一减速比不同于第二减速比。
具体的，动齿轮的个数为多个，多个动齿轮同轴设置，齿轮组件17还包括与多个动齿轮一一对应设置的多个定齿轮，多个动齿轮可操作的在其轴向方向上移动以使相应的动齿轮与对应的定齿轮啮合，从而改变齿轮组件17的减速比。
具体的，动齿轮组包括两个动齿轮。两个动齿轮包括小齿轮182和小齿轮184，其中小齿轮184与小齿轮184同轴设置，且齿数不相同，定齿轮包括与两个小齿轮182，184一一对应设置的两个大齿轮187，188，其中大齿轮188与大齿轮187同轴设置，大齿轮188与大齿轮187齿数不相同，且两个大齿轮的齿数均分别大于两个小齿轮的齿数。两个动齿轮可操作的 沿其轴向方向在第一位置和第二位置之间移动，在第一位置时，其中一个所述小齿轮与其中一个大齿轮啮合；在第二位置时，其中另一个小齿轮与其中另一个大齿轮啮合
更具体的，小齿轮184的直径大于小齿轮182，大齿轮188的直径大于大齿轮187。小齿轮182，184分别依次与电机13的输出轴连接，且直径较大的大齿轮184靠近电机13设置，且小齿轮182，184配置为能够在电机13的轴向上移动，以移动至与定齿轮组(187，188)啮合第一位置或第二位置。大齿轮188，187分别依次与泵14传动连接，直径较大的大齿轮188靠近泵14设置，大齿轮188，187在其旋转轴线方向上是不可移动的。当动齿轮组在第一位置时，请参见图5，小齿轮182与大齿轮188啮合传动，小齿轮184以及大齿轮187均独立运转，并不将旋转运动传递，齿轮组件18具有第一减速比；当动齿轮组在第二位置时，请参见图6，小齿轮184与大齿轮187啮合传动，小齿轮182以及大齿轮188均独立运转，并不将旋转运动传递，齿轮组件18具有第二减速比。其中，第一减速比大于第二减速比。操动件186可操作的使动齿轮组在上述第一位置和第二位置之间切换，从而改变齿轮组件18的减速比。
可以理解的，在其他实施方式中，动齿轮组也可以为大齿轮188，187，定齿轮组为小齿轮182，184，操动件186可操作的移动大齿轮188，187的位置，使大齿轮188，187与不同的小齿轮182，184啮合，从而改变齿轮组件18的减速比。
本发明提供的压力清洗机100能够实现对直流电源与交流电源的多类型配适，在户外能够通过直流电源供电，在室内能够通过交流电源供电，成本相对低廉，具有较佳的应用前景。
本技术领域的普通技术人员应当认识到，以上的实施方式仅是用来说明本发明，而并非用作为对本发明的限定，只要在本发明的实质精神范围内，对以上实施方式所作的适当改变和变化都落在本发明要求保护的范围内。

Claims (21)

  1. 一种压力清洗机，所述压力清洗机包括：
    壳体；
    电机，设置于所述壳体内；
    泵，由所述电机驱动，用于对液流进行加压，所述泵具有出水端及进水端；
    喷嘴，连通于所述泵的出水端，用以向外喷出加压后的液流；
    进液件，连通于所述泵的进水端，用以补给供目标物清洗的液流；
    传动组件，一端连接于所述电机，另一端连接于所述泵，用于将所述电机的旋转运动传动至所述泵，驱动所述泵工作；
    其特征在于，所述电机的个数仅有一个，所述压力清洗机选择性的采用直流电源或者交流电源供电，所述传动组件包括变减速比组件，所述变减速比组件包括至少两种不同的减速比档位，所述变减速比组件的至少两种不同的所述减速比档位包括第一档位和第二档位；当所述压力清洗机采用交流电源供电时，所述变减速比组件处于所述第一档位；当所述压力清洗机采用直流电源供电时，所述变减速比组件处于所述第二档位，所述压力清洗机采用交流电源供电时所述变减速比组件的输出转速大于所述压力清洗机选择采用直流电源供电时所述变减速比组件的输出转速。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的压力清洗机，其特征在于，所述压力清洗机包括用于连接所述交流电源的交流电源接口和用于连接所述直流电源的直流电源接口，所述压力清洗机还包括联动装置，当所述交流电源连接至所述交流电源接口时，能够直接触发所述联动装置控制所述变减速比组件处于所述第一档位；和/或，当所述直流电源连接至所述直流电源接口时，能够直接触发所述联动装置控制所述变减速比组件处于所述第二档位。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的压力清洗机，其特征在于，所述联动装置包括设置在所述交流电源接口上的第一触发件和设置在所述直流电源接口上的第二触发件；当所述交流电源连接至所述交流电源接口时，带动所述第一触发件，联动所述变减速比组件切换至所述第一档位，当所述直流电源连接至所述直流电源接口时，直接带动所述第二触发部，联动所述变减速比组件切换至所述第二档位。
  4. 如权利要求2所述的压力清洗机，其特征在于，所述联动装置包括设置于所述交流电源接口或所述直流电源接口上的触发件，所述触发件包括被触发的第一位置和未被触发的第二位置；
    所述触发件设置于所述交流电源接口，当所述交流电源连接至所述交流电源接口能够触发所述触发件使其位于所述第一位置，以联动所述变减速比组件处于所述第一档位，当所述交流电源未连接至所述交流电源接口时，所述变减速比组件处于所述第二档位；
    或者，所述触发件设置于所述直流电源接口，当所述直流电源连接至所述直流电源接口能够直接触发所述触发件使其位于所述第一位置，以联动所述变减速比组件位于所述第二档位，当所述直流电源未连接至所述直流电源接口时，所述变减速比组件位于所述第一档位。
  5. 如权利要求2所述的压力清洗机，其特征在于，所述压力清洗机包括用于连接交流电源的交流电源接口和用于连接直流电源的直流电源接口，所述联动装置包括阻挡件，所述阻挡件可操作在第一位置和第二位置之间切换；当所述阻挡件位于所述第一位置，所述压力清洗机仅能通过所述交流电源接口连接所述交流电源供电；当所述阻挡件位于所述第二位置，所述压力清洗机仅能通过所述直流电源接口连接所述直流电源供电。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的压力清洗机，其特征在于，当所述阻挡件切换至所述第一位置，能够同时控制所述变减速比组件处于所述第一档位；当所述阻挡件切换至所述第二位置，能够同时控制所述变减速比组件处于所述第二档位。
  7. 如权利要求1所述的压力清洗机，其特征在于，所述压力清洗机还包括感应单元和执行器，所述感应单元能够识别所述压力清洗机所连接的电源类型；当所述感应单元识别到所述交流电源，所述感应单元发出感应信号，控制所述执行器驱动所述变减速比组件处于所述第一档位；当所述感应单元识别到所述直流电源，所述感应单元发出感应信号，控制所述执行器驱动所述变减速比组件处于所述第一档位。
  8. 如权利要求1所述的压力清洗机，其特征在于，所述压力清洗机还包括能够识别所述交流电源或所述直流电源的感应单元和执行器；
    当所述感应单元识别到所述交流电源，所述感应单元发出感应信号，控制所述执行器驱动所述变减速比组件处于所述第一档位，当所述感应单元未识别到所述交流电源，所述执行器驱动所述变减速比组件处于所述第二档位；或者，
    当所述感应单元识别到所述直流电源，所述感应单元发出感应信号，控制所述执行器驱动所述变减速比组件处于所述第二档位，当所述感应单元未识别到所述直流电源，所述执行器驱动所述变减速比组件处于所述第一档位。
  9. 如权利要求1所述的压力清洗机，其特征在于，所述变减速比组件为齿轮组件，所述齿轮组件包括至少一个动齿轮和用于与所述动齿轮啮合的至少一个定齿轮，所述动齿轮可操作的在与所述定齿轮脱离的第一位置和与所述定齿轮啮合的第二位置之间切换，在所述第一位置时所述齿轮组件的减速比不同于所述第二位置时所述齿轮组件的减速比。
  10. 如权利要求9所述的压力清洗机，其特征在于，所述齿轮组件包括至少一个行星齿轮减速机构，所述行星齿轮减速机构包括太阳轮、与所述太阳轮啮合的多个行星轮、与多个所述行星轮啮合的内齿圈以及与多个所述行星轮传动连接的星架齿轮，所述行星轮的公转带动所述星架齿轮同步旋转，所述动齿轮包括所述内齿圈，所述定齿轮包括所述星架齿轮，所 述内齿圈可操作的在与所述星架齿轮脱离的第一位置和与所述星架齿轮啮合的第二位置之间切换，在所述第一位置，所述齿轮组件处于所述第一档位；在所述第二位置，所述齿轮组件处于所述第二档位。
  11. 如权利要求10所述的压力清洗机，其特征在于，在所述第一位置，所述内齿圈仅与多个所述行星轮啮合，所述内齿圈相对所述壳体固定设置；在所述第二位置，所述内齿圈与多个所述行星轮和所述星架齿轮同时啮合，所述内齿圈与所述行星轮和所述星架齿轮同步转动。
  12. 如权利要求9所述的压力清洗机，其特征在于，所述动齿轮的个数为多个，所述齿轮组件还包括与多个所述动齿轮对应设置的多个定齿轮，多个所述动齿轮可操作的在其轴向方向上移动以使相应的所述动齿轮与对应的所述定齿轮啮合。
  13. 如权利要求12所述的压力清洗机，其特征在于，所述动齿轮包括两个同轴设置的小齿轮，所述定齿轮包括与两个所述小齿轮一一对应设置的两个大齿轮，两个所述小齿轮的齿数彼此不同，两个所述大齿轮的齿数彼此不同，所述大齿轮的齿数大于所述小齿轮的齿数，两个所述动齿轮可操作的沿其轴向方向在第一位置和第二位置之间移动，在第一位置时，其中一个所述小齿轮与其中一个所述大齿轮啮合；在第二位置时，其中另一个所述小齿轮与其中另一个所述大齿轮啮合。
  14. 如权利要求9所述的压力清洗机，其特征在于，所述齿轮组件通过手动致动的方式调节自身的减速比，所述齿轮组件还包括连接所述动齿轮的操动件，所述操动件可操作使所述动齿轮在所述第一位置和所述第二位置之间切换。
  15. 如权利要求1所述的压力清洗机，其特征在于，所述第一档位的减速比大于所述第二档位的减速比。
  16. 如权利要求1所述的压力清洗机，其特征在于，当所述压力清洗机选择采用交流电源供电时，所述电机运转在第一转速，当所述压力清洗机选择采用直流电源供电时，所述电机运转在第二转速，所述第一转速大于所述第二转速。
  17. 如权利要求1所述的压力清洗机，其特征在于，所述电机配置为双绕组电机，所述电机包括交流绕组和直流绕组，当所述压力清洗机连接所述交流电源，所述交流绕组通电工作，当所述压力清洗机连接所述直流电源，所述直流绕组通电工作。
  18. 如权利要求1所述的压力清洗机，其特征在于，所述压力清洗机为手持式压力清洗机，所述壳体呈手持枪型，包括用于握持的手柄，所述电机和所述泵均设置于所述壳体内。
  19. 一种压力清洗机，所述压力清洗机包括：
    壳体；
    电机，设置于所述壳体内；
    泵，由所述电机驱动，用于对液流进行加压，所述泵具有出水端及进水端；
    喷嘴，连通于所述泵的出水端，用以向外喷出加压后的液流；
    进液件，连通于所述泵的进水端，用以补给供目标物清洗的液流；
    传动组件，一端连接于所述电机，另一端连接于所述泵，用于将所述电机的旋转运动传动至所述泵，驱动所述泵工作；
    其特征在于，所述电机的个数仅有一个，所述压力清洗机选择性的采用直流电源或者交流电源供电，所述传动组件包括变减速比组件，所述变减速比组件包括至少两种不同的减速比档位，所述变减速比组件的至少两种不同的所述减速比档位包括第一档位和第二档位；当所述压力清洗机旋转采用所述交流电源供电时，所述变减速比组件可操作的在所述第一档位和所述第二档位之间切换，以使所述传动组件输出两种不同的转速；当所述压力清洗机旋转采用所述直流电源供电时，所述变减速比组件可操作的在所述第一档位和所述第二档位之间切换，以使所述传动组件输出两种不同的转速。
  20. 如权利要求19所述的压力清洗机，其特征在于，所述压力清洗机选择采用交流电源供电时所述传动组件的最大输出转速大于所述压力清洗机选择采用直流电源供电时所述传动组件的最大输出转速
  21. 如权利要求19所述的压力清洗机，其特征在于，所述变减速比组件为齿轮组件，所述齿轮组件包括至少一个动齿轮和用于与所述动齿轮啮合的至少一个定齿轮，所述动齿轮可操作的在与所述定齿轮脱离的第一位置和啮合的第二位置之间切换，在所述第一位置时所述齿轮组件的减速比不同于所述第二位置时所述齿轮组件的减速比。
PCT/CN2019/095871 2018-07-13 2019-07-12 压力清洗机 Ceased WO2020011263A1 (zh)

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