WO2020007001A1 - 获取第三代保持系方法及其转基因阳性组织筛选 - Google Patents

获取第三代保持系方法及其转基因阳性组织筛选 Download PDF

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WO2020007001A1
WO2020007001A1 PCT/CN2018/124188 CN2018124188W WO2020007001A1 WO 2020007001 A1 WO2020007001 A1 WO 2020007001A1 CN 2018124188 W CN2018124188 W CN 2018124188W WO 2020007001 A1 WO2020007001 A1 WO 2020007001A1
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dsred
promoter
rice
fragment
binary vector
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PCT/CN2018/124188
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张国栋
刘佳音
米铁柱
张彦荣
李继明
邹丹丹
吴洁芳
王晶
单贞
万吉丽
徐春莹
葛序娟
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青岛袁策集团有限公司
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Priority claimed from CN201810734126.XA external-priority patent/CN109136255A/zh
Priority claimed from CN201810734304.9A external-priority patent/CN109022479A/zh
Priority claimed from CN201810733940.XA external-priority patent/CN108998468A/zh
Priority claimed from CN201810734305.3A external-priority patent/CN109006454A/zh
Application filed by 青岛袁策集团有限公司 filed Critical 青岛袁策集团有限公司
Publication of WO2020007001A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020007001A1/zh

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    • C12BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12NMICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
    • C12N15/00Mutation or genetic engineering; DNA or RNA concerning genetic engineering, vectors, e.g. plasmids, or their isolation, preparation or purification; Use of hosts therefor
    • C12N15/09Recombinant DNA-technology
    • C12N15/63Introduction of foreign genetic material using vectors; Vectors; Use of hosts therefor; Regulation of expression
    • C12N15/66General methods for inserting a gene into a vector to form a recombinant vector using cleavage and ligation; Use of non-functional linkers or adaptors, e.g. linkers containing the sequence for a restriction endonuclease
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12NMICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
    • C12N15/00Mutation or genetic engineering; DNA or RNA concerning genetic engineering, vectors, e.g. plasmids, or their isolation, preparation or purification; Use of hosts therefor
    • C12N15/09Recombinant DNA-technology
    • C12N15/63Introduction of foreign genetic material using vectors; Vectors; Use of hosts therefor; Regulation of expression
    • C12N15/79Vectors or expression systems specially adapted for eukaryotic hosts
    • C12N15/82Vectors or expression systems specially adapted for eukaryotic hosts for plant cells, e.g. plant artificial chromosomes (PACs)

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  • the invention relates to the technical field of crop genetics and breeding, and in particular, to a method for obtaining a third-generation maintenance line and screening of transgenic positive tissues thereof.
  • Rice is an important food crop in the world. About 50% of the world's population uses rice as a staple food. Rice is also a raw material for processing many foods. Because the genome of rice is small and the rice transformation system is very mature, it can be used as a model plant for monocotyledon research. People still need to understand the mechanism of rice reproductive development.
  • Male sterile line refers to a type of female rice with male degradation (mainly pollen degradation) but normal pistil. Due to the inability of pollen to live, it cannot self-pollinate and settle. Genetic tools, through artificially assisted pollination, can produce large numbers of hybrid seeds. From the perspective of breeding strategy, the development of hybrid rice can be divided into three stages: three-line method, two-line method and one-line method.
  • the hybrid rice used in production now belongs to the category of utilization of hybrid advantages among three-line hybrid varieties.
  • Such three-line hybrid rice generally increases yield by about 20% compared to conventional rice.
  • the three-line hybrid rice has a complex seed advantage and is affected by the restorer line. Restrictions on the relationship with the maintenance system make the selection of good combinations difficult.
  • the two-line hybrid rice breaks through the restriction of restoration relationship in the three-line method and greatly improves the efficiency of screening excellent combinations, the fertility of the two-line sterile line is greatly affected by temperature and light, which varies in different regions.
  • the environment all affects the seed production effect, and the selection range of seed production bases is small. Therefore, the two-line method has certain risks in seed production. Once extreme weather conditions occur, the consequences are extremely serious.
  • the third-generation hybrid rice with engineering sterility as the core has made a rapid breakthrough. It not only solves the problem of the three-line method being restricted by the restoration relationship and the low resource utilization, but also avoids the two-line method of seed production. Problems affected by the external environment. Therefore, the development of the third generation of hybrid rice will take rice breeding to a new stage. At present, the third-generation hybrid rice is in the stage of vigorous development. To quickly use the third-generation hybrid rice technology to select excellent combinations, the first problem to be solved is how to quickly obtain a batch of third-generation engineering sterile lines for testing and mating. Group experiments, while obtaining the corresponding third-generation engineering maintenance department.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for obtaining the third generation maintainer line through the hybridization technique.
  • any rice variety can be transformed into a third-generation maintenance line by backcross transfer, and the theory of backcross transfer is simple, easy to understand, and field hybridization. Compared with laboratory molecular experiments, such work is simpler and easier to operate. Multiple materials can be backcrossed at the same time. The most important thing is that the results of backcrossing are predictable and the test cycle is short. The speed of three seasons of planting is used for backcross improvement experiments, and it takes only two years to obtain a new three-generation maintenance line.
  • the engineering strain based on the DsRED fluorescent protein gene as a reporter gene can be transformed, and whether the transgene is successful or not can be observed at the early stage of transgenic plants, which provides a basis for subsequent efficient screening of positive plants.
  • the present invention provides a method for obtaining a third-generation maintenance line through a hybridization technique, which is characterized by including the following steps:
  • BC1 seeds were obtained by backcrossing the F1 generation red seeds with the ordinary conventional strains to be improved;
  • step (3) usually through multiple generations of backcrossing and selection, backcrossing to the genetic background of the backcrossing offspring to restore more than 90% of the recurrent parent;
  • the step (1) further includes: the third generation maintaining line Wuyunjing 7 is the female parent, the ordinary conventional rice line to be transformed is the male parent, and F1 is obtained by crossing.
  • the step (3) further includes:
  • the step of DNA extraction further comprises: taking 0.5 g of rice leaves of each BC1 plant and placing them in a low-temperature frozen research chamber at -20 ° C. Add liquid nitrogen to grind into a white powder and put it into a 2mL centrifuge tube. While grinding, turn on the water bath to heat to 65 ° C.
  • the step of DNA extraction further comprises: adding 700 ⁇ L of CTAB lysate pre-heated at 65 ° C. for 1 h to a centrifugal tube, turning and shaking several times, and putting it into a 65 ° C. thermostatic water bath for 40 min.
  • the step of DNA extraction further comprises: cooling the sample to room temperature for 5 minutes, adding 700 ⁇ L of phenol-chloroform-isoamyl alcohol, adding it against the wall, shaking it several times by inversion, and checking whether there is leakage.
  • the step of DNA extraction further includes: pressing the tube cover by hand, slowly turning it several times, and then placing a newspaper on a shaker, placing the tubes, and shaking at 30 rpm for 5-10 minutes at room temperature.
  • the step of DNA extraction further includes: placing in a refrigerated centrifuge, and centrifuging at 12000 rpm for 5 min at 4 ° C.
  • the DNA extraction step further includes: sucking the supernatant adherently, adding 700 ⁇ L of phenol-chloroform-isoamyl alcohol again, extracting again, adding the supernatant 10 ⁇ LRnase, and leaving it at room temperature for 30 min; , Skip this step and proceed to the next step.
  • the step of DNA extraction further includes: adding an equal volume of 700 ⁇ L isopropanol to the wall, slowly inverting 15 times, flocculent precipitation appears, put it in a -20 ° C refrigerator, take it out after 30 minutes, and centrifuge it with a refrigerated centrifuge.
  • the present invention also provides a method for rapid screening of rice transgenic positive cells, including the following steps:
  • a pGDR plasmid containing a DsRED fragment is used as a template and amplification is performed using primers to obtain a DsRED fragment;
  • the pCAMBIA1300 binary vector plasmid was used as a template to amplify the 35S promoter fragment containing Kpn I and Xba I restriction sites at both ends;
  • the DsRED fragment introduced into the Xba, I and BamH I restriction sites was inserted into the pCAMBIA1300 binary vector;
  • the 35S promoter introduced with the Kpn I and Xba I restriction sites was ligated to the pCAMBIA1300 vector in which the DsRED gene was ligated in the third step;
  • the fusion plasmid of the pCAMBIA1300 vector containing the 35S promoter and the DsRED gene is introduced into Agrobacterium to form engineered bacteria that can be used to mediate the transformation of plant cells;
  • the sixth step is to transform the callus of rice with the above engineering bacteria
  • the seventh step after the callus transformed in the sixth step is cultured, the cells that have been successfully transgenic are screened.
  • the method further comprises:
  • the induced regeneration shoots are tested.
  • the method further comprises:
  • the induced regenerated shoots are detected by red fluorescence amplification and irradiation to detect positive and false positive shoots.
  • the present invention also provides an application of a rapid screening method of rice transgenic positive cells according to any one of the foregoing in rice transgenic engineering.
  • the present invention also provides a rice transgenic-positive cell screened by the rapid screening method for a rice transgenic-positive cell according to any one of the foregoing.
  • the present invention also provides a screening method at the callus stage, which is characterized by including the following steps:
  • a DsRED fragment-containing plasmid is used as a template and primers are used to amplify the DsRED fragment;
  • the second step is to use the binary vector plasmid as a template to amplify the 35S promoter fragment containing Kpn I and Xba I restriction sites at both ends;
  • a DsRED fragment that introduces Xba, I and BamH I restriction sites is inserted into the binary vector;
  • the 35S promoter introduced with the Kpn I and Xba I restriction sites was ligated to the binary vector in which the DsRED gene was ligated in the third step;
  • a fusion plasmid containing a binary vector containing the 35S promoter and the DsRED gene is introduced into Agrobacterium to form an engineered bacterium that can be used to mediate the transformation of plant cells;
  • the sixth step is to transform the callus of rice with the above engineering bacteria
  • the seventh step after the callus transformed in the sixth step is cultured, the cells that have been successfully transgenic are screened.
  • the second step further includes:
  • the 35S promoter was obtained by using 35S-F 5′gggactctagaggatcc TGGTGGC-3 ′; 35S-R 5′AAGCTCCGAGGAGGTTTCCGGATA-3 ′, and both ends contained Kpn and I and X 35S promoter fragment at I restriction site.
  • the present invention also provides a promoter used in the callus stage screening, and the method for obtaining the promoter includes:
  • the 35S promoter was obtained by using 35S-F 5′gggactctagaggatcc TGGTGGC-3 ′; 35S-R 5′AAGCTCCGAGGAGGTTTCCGGATA-3 ′, and both ends contained Kpn and I and X 35S promoter fragment at I restriction site.
  • the present invention also provides a method for screening transgenic positive tissues, a method for preparing plant transgenic cells, a method for preparing plant callus, and a method for preparing rice transgenic cells; each of the foregoing methods includes The following steps:
  • a pGDR plasmid containing a DsRED fragment is used as a template and amplification is performed using primers to obtain a DsRED fragment;
  • the pCAMBIA1300 binary vector plasmid was used as a template to amplify a promoter fragment containing Kpn I and Xba I restriction sites at both ends;
  • the DsRED fragment introduced into the Xba, I and BamH I restriction sites was inserted into the pCAMBIA1300 binary vector;
  • the promoters introducing the Kpn I and Xba I restriction sites were ligated to the pCAMBIA1300 vector in which the DsRED gene was ligated in the third step;
  • the fifth step is to introduce the fusion plasmid of the pCAMBIA1300 vector containing the promoter and the DsRED gene into Agrobacterium to form engineered bacteria that can be used to mediate the transformation of plant cells;
  • the sixth step is to transform the callus of rice with the above engineering bacteria
  • the seventh step after the callus transformed in the sixth step is cultured, the cells that have been successfully transgenic are screened.
  • the beneficial effects of the present invention include:
  • the method of the present invention theoretically uses genetic engineering to obtain an excellent transformation event, and then backcross breeding can be used to transform any rice variety into a third-generation maintenance line, and the theory of backcross transfer is simple. It is easy to understand. Field hybridization and other tasks are simpler and easier to operate than laboratory molecular experiments. Multiple materials can be backcrossed at the same time. The most important thing is that the results of backcrossing are predictable and the test cycle. Shorter, with backcross improvement trials at the rate of three seasons a year, it only takes two years to get a new three-generation maintenance line.
  • the invention is based on the modification of an engineering strain based on the DsRED fluorescent protein gene as a reporter gene, and is a rapid method for detecting a reporter gene, which provides a basis for subsequent high-efficiency positive plant screening.
  • FIG. 1 is a flowchart of the third generation backcrossing breeding according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a PCR amplification gel electrophoresis detection diagram of DsRED gene according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a PCR amplification gel electrophoresis detection diagram of a 35S promoter according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram of detecting transgenic cells by fluorescence irradiation according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the existing third-generation maintenance line was used as the donor parent, and ordinary conventional rice was used as the recurrent parent, and a new third-generation maintenance line was obtained through backcross transfer.
  • the third-generation maintenance line Wuyunjing 7 is the female parent, and the ordinary conventional rice line to be transformed is the male parent, and F1 is obtained by crossing.
  • step (3) usually after 3-4 generations of backcrossing and selection, the genetic background of the backcrossing offspring can recover more than 90% of the recurrent parents, in which each backcrossing generation must be screened for the eat gene. And the genetic background is biased to the plants of the recurrent parent;
  • TAE formula use liquid (1 time) 0.04mol / L Tris-acetic acid + 0.001mol / L EDTA
  • Suitable DNA concentration for PCR is 50ng / Ml
  • Primer mother liquor add ddH2O to the dry powder, multiply the number after the OD value by the OD value to add the milligram of water. Centrifuge the dry powder primer at 13,000 rpm before use to allow the dry powder to sink to the bottom. Tap enzyme is also centrifuged.
  • Primer mix When in use, take 10 ⁇ l each of the upstream and downstream primers, and add 480 ⁇ l deionized water to mix. (This is a dilution of the primer mother solution)
  • the reaction mixing system is as follows:
  • the tooth comb is also immersed in water, cleaned and wiped dry. Put the flat head with no teeth on the gap of the ear plate, first immerse it in the glue, and insert it into the large plate with clever force. Be sure to ensure that there are no air bubbles and the depth of insertion is too large. The horizontal line on the board is best (about 1cm). After inserting the tooth comb, make up the glue again, then clamp the two large clips and adjust the level with a level ruler (the base can be inserted into the gun head pad level)
  • a method for backcrossing a third-generation maintainer line of rice specifically includes the following steps:
  • BC3F2 was bred to obtain BC3F3 for the second time after sowing.
  • H.BC3F3 seeds are planted individually, and each plant is planted with red seeds and white seeds in separate rows, and the fertility of white seed spiked plants is observed at the flowering stage. If all the plants in the spiked row are sterile, Then, the red seed corresponding to this spike is the transformed third-generation maintenance line Huang Huazhan.
  • BC3F2 was bred to obtain BC3F3 for the second time after sowing.
  • H.BC3F3 seeds are planted individually, and each plant is planted with red seeds and white seeds in separate rows, and the fertility of white seed spiked plants is observed at the flowering stage. If all the plants in the spiked row are sterile, Then, the red seed corresponding to this spike line is the new third-generation maintenance line Su R900.
  • third-generation maintenance lines are created through genetic engineering technology.
  • genetic engineering creates third-generation maintenance lines, which affects the progress of the entire creation process.
  • the different rice varieties The conditions for injury induction are different, so are the conditions for genetic transformation.
  • the screening of later conversion events requires a lot of effort, and the probability of obtaining the expected conversion events is low.
  • backcross transfer can be used to transform any rice variety into a third-generation maintenance line, and the theory of backcross transfer is simple and easy. Understand that compared with laboratory molecular experiments, field hybridization and other tasks are simpler and easier to operate, and multiple materials can be backcrossed at the same time. The most important thing is that the results of backcrossing are predictable and the test cycle is short. By conducting backcross improvement experiments at the rate of three seasons of planting in a year, it takes only two years to obtain a new three-generation maintenance line.
  • the invention also provides a method for rapid screening of rice transgenic positive cells, including the following steps:
  • a pGDR plasmid containing a DsRED fragment is used as a template and amplification is performed using primers to obtain a DsRED fragment;
  • the pCAMBIA1300 binary vector plasmid was used as a template to amplify the 35S promoter fragment containing Kpn I and Xba I restriction sites at both ends;
  • the DsRED fragment introduced into the Xba, I and BamH I restriction sites was inserted into the pCAMBIA1300 binary vector;
  • the 35S promoter introduced with the Kpn I and Xba I restriction sites was ligated to the pCAMBIA1300 vector in which the DsRED gene was ligated in the third step;
  • the fusion plasmid of the pCAMBIA1300 vector containing the 35S promoter and the DsRED gene is introduced into Agrobacterium to form engineered bacteria that can be used to mediate transformation of plant cells;
  • the sixth step is to transform the callus of rice with the above engineering bacteria
  • the seventh step after the callus transformed in the sixth step is cultured, the cells that have been successfully transgenic are screened.
  • the method further includes:
  • the induced regeneration shoots are tested.
  • the method further includes:
  • the induced regenerated shoots are detected by red fluorescence amplification and irradiation to detect positive and false positive shoots.
  • the first step of the amplification system includes:
  • the present invention further provides a PCR amplification method used in a method for rapid screening of rice transgenic positive cells.
  • the amplification system includes:
  • the first step of the amplification procedure includes:
  • the present invention further provides a PCR amplification method used in a method for rapid screening of rice transgenic positive cells.
  • the amplification program includes:
  • the present invention further provides the application of the method for rapid screening of rice transgenic positive cells according to any one of the foregoing in rice transgenic engineering.
  • the present invention further provides a rice transgene-positive cell screened by the rapid screening method for rice transgene-positive cell according to any one of the foregoing.
  • the 35S promoter is linked to the red fluorescent gene (DsRed) gene to transform the callus induced by the mature embryo of rice, and the success of the transgene can be quickly verified from the appearance at the cell stage of the callus.
  • DsRed red fluorescent gene
  • the steps of obtaining and connecting each gene expression element include:
  • a pGDR plasmid containing a DsRED fragment is used as a template and the above primers are used to amplify to obtain a DsRED fragment.
  • the amplification system is as follows:
  • the commercial pCAMBIA1300 binary vector plasmid was used as a template, and 35S promoter was obtained by using 35S-F5′gggactctagaggatccTGGTGGC-3 ′; 35S-R 5′AAGCTCCGAGGAGGTTTCCGGATA-3 ′. Both ends contained Kpn and I And 35S promoter fragment of Xbaba I restriction site; the amplification system is as follows:
  • the DsRED fragment introduced into the Xba, I and BamH I restriction sites was inserted into the pCAMBIA1300 binary vector;
  • connection system is:
  • the 35S promoter introduced with the Kpn I and Xba I restriction sites was ligated to the pCAMBIA1300 vector in which the DsRED gene was ligated in the third step;
  • connection system is:
  • the fusion plasmid of the pCAMBIA1300 vector containing the 35S promoter and the DsRED gene is introduced into Agrobacterium to form engineered bacteria that can be used to mediate transformation of plant cells;
  • the sixth step is to transform the callus of rice with the above-mentioned engineering bacteria.
  • the obtained resistant callus is inoculated on a differentiation medium and cultivated until a seedling is differentiated;
  • Rooting Inoculate the seedlings on the rooting medium to take root and carry out PCR detection. Select plants that are positive as the transformed japonica rice plants;
  • YEB medium yeast extract 0.8-1.2g / L; peptone 4.5-5.0g / L; beef extract 4.5-5.0g / L; sucrose 4.0-6.0g / L; magnesium sulfate 0.3-0.5g / L; agar 12 -15g / L; pH6.8-7.2;
  • Induction medium NB; 2,4-D 1.8-2.0mg / mL; 6-BA 0.1-0.2mg / mL; agar powder 10-15g / L;
  • Subculture medium NB; 2,4-D 1.8-2.0mg / mL; CH 0.2-0.3g / L; sucrose 28-30g / L; agar powder 10-15g / L;
  • Co-culture medium NB; AS 100-200umol / L;
  • Screening medium NB; 2,4-D 1.8-2.0mg / mL; 6-BA 0.1-0.2mg / mL; Hyg 20-25mg / L, Timentin 200-400mg / L, agar powder 10-15g / L;
  • Differentiation medium NB; Pro 0.3-0.5g / L; CH 0.2-0.3g / L; 6-BA 1.8-2.0mg / mL; KT 0.8-1.0mg / mL; NAA 0.3-0.5mg / mL, IAA 0.4 -0.5mg / mL; Hyg 20-25mg / L; Timentin 200-400mg / L; Sucrose 25-30g / L; Agar powder 10-15g / L;
  • Rooting medium NB; NAA 0.4-0.7mg / L; sucrose 25-30g / L; agar powder 10-15g / L
  • the callus transformed in the sixth step is cultured for 7-10 days, and then the fluorescent part of the callus is observed by fluorescence irradiation, and the successfully transgenic cells are selected.
  • the fluorescent part was taken out with a scalpel, transferred to a new medium, and cultured.
  • the induced regenerated shoots are detected by red fluorescence amplification and irradiation to detect positive and false positive shoots.
  • the DsRED gene sequence is shown as SEQ4 in the sequence listing.
  • the 35S promoter sequence is shown as SEQ 5 in the sequence listing.

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Abstract

本发明提供了一种通过杂交技术获取第三代保持系的方法,包括以下步骤:(1)杂交获得F1;(2)获得BC1种子;(3)种植BC1代红色种子,获得BC1植株;抽穗前分单株编号,取叶片提取DNA,利用分子辅助筛选含有不育基因eat的植株,之后继续进行回交;(4)重复步骤(3);(5)自交。本发明可同时对多个材料同时进行回交转育。本发明还提供了一种转基因阳性细胞快速筛选的方法,在植物转基因初期可以观察到转基因是否成功,为后续的阳性植株筛选提供了依据。

Description

获取第三代保持系方法及其转基因阳性组织筛选 技术领域
本发明涉及作物遗传育种技术领域,特别涉及一种获取第三代保持系方法及其转基因阳性组织筛选。
背景技术
水稻是全世界重要的粮食作物,世界上约有50%的人口以水稻为主食,大米也是加工许多食品的原材料。由于水稻的基因组较小,且水稻转化系统非常成熟,可以作为单子叶研究的模式植物,人们对水稻生殖发育机制还有待了解。
水稻雄性不育系的发现及其利用开创了水稻杂交育种的新时代,对提高水稻产量发挥了巨大作用。由于目前水稻杂交过程中使用的不育系存在育性不稳定、细胞质负效应等缺点,因此深入开展水稻雄性不育调控机制的研究,对获得新型水稻不育系,提高农业产量等具有重要意义。
同时对揭示植物生殖发育的分子调控机理等方面也具有重要的理论意义。雄性不育系:是指一种雄性退化(主要是花粉退化)但雌蕊正常的母水稻,由于花粉无力生活,不能自花授粉结实,只有依靠外来花粉才能受精结实,因此借助这种母水稻作为遗传工具,通过人工辅助授粉的方法,就能产生大量杂交种子。从育种战略上看,杂交水稻的发展可以分为三系法、两系法和一系法三个发展阶段。
每进入一个新阶段,都是育种上的一次突破,从而会把水稻的产量提高到一个新台阶。现在生产上用的杂交水稻属于三系法品种间杂交优势利用的范畴,这种三系杂交稻一般要比常规水稻增产20%左右,但是,三系法杂交水稻种子优势表现复杂,受恢复系和保持系关系限制,使优良组合的筛选比较困难。两系法杂交水稻虽然突破了三系法中恢保关系的制约,极大的提高了筛选优良组合的效率,但是两系法不育系的育性受温度和光照影响较大,不同地区不同环境都影响制种效果,且制种基地可选范围较小,因此,两系法在制种生产上存在一定的风险,一旦出现极端天气条件,后果极其严重。
近几年来,以工程不育系为核心的第三代杂交水稻取得快速突破,它既解决 了三系法受恢保关系制约,资源利用率低的问题,同时也避免了两系法制种时受外界环境影响的问题。因此,第三代杂交水稻的发展将会把水稻育种工作提升到一个新的阶段。目前,第三代杂交水稻正处于大力发展阶段,要想快速利用第三代杂交水稻技术筛选出优良的组合,首要解决的问题就是如何快速的获得一批第三代工程不育系进行测交配组试验,同时获得相应的第三代工程保持系。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题在于,提供了一种通过杂交技术获取第三代保持系的方法。本发明方法,理论上利用基因工程获得一个优良转化事件之后,即可利用回交转育对任意水稻品种将其改造成第三代保持系,而且回交转育理论简单,易于理解,田间杂交等工作相比实验室分子试验简单,易操作,可同时对多个材料同时进行回交转育,最重要的是回交转育的结果具有可预见性,且试验周期较短,以一年种植三季的速度进行回交改良试验,只需两年时间即可获得新的三代保持系。本发明基于DsRED荧光蛋白基因为报告基因的工程菌株的改造,可以在植物转基因初期观察到转基因是否成功,为后续的高效率的阳性植株筛选提供了依据。
为解决上述技术问题,本发明提供了一种通过杂交技术获取第三代保持系的方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)以第三代保持为母本,待改造的普通常规品系为父本,杂交获得F1;
(2)选取F1代红色种子种植后与待改良普通常规品系回交获得BC1种子;
(3)种植BC1代红色种子,获得BC1植株;抽穗前分单株编号,取叶片提取DNA,利用分子辅助筛选含有不育基因eat的植株,之后继续进行回交;
(4)重复步骤(3),通常经过多代的回交和选择,回交至回交后代的遗传背景恢复轮回亲本的90%以上;
(5)自交,该植株即为回交转育获得的新的第三代保持系。
所述步骤(1)进一步包括:第三代保持系武运粳7号为母本,待改造的普通常规稻品系为父本,杂交获得F1。
所述步骤(3)进一步包括:
DNA提取的步骤;
DNA检测的步骤;
PCR扩增的步骤;
聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳的步骤。
所述DNA提取的步骤,进一步包括:每株BC1植株取0.5g水稻叶片放于-20℃低温冷冻的研体内。加入液氮研磨成白色粉末状,放入2mL的离心管中。研磨的同时,打开水浴锅开关加热至65℃。
所述DNA提取的步骤,进一步包括:向离心管中加入700μL 65℃预热1h的CTAB裂解液,翻转摇晃几次,再放入65℃恒温水浴锅中40min。
所述DNA提取的步骤,进一步包括:将样品放到室温下冷却5min,加入700μL酚-氯仿-异戊醇,贴着壁加入,翻转摇晃几次,并检查是否漏液。
所述DNA提取的步骤,进一步包括:用手压住管盖,慢慢翻转几次,之后在摇床上放一张报纸,摆好各管,在室温下30rpm摇动5~10分钟。
所述DNA提取的步骤,进一步包括:放到冷冻离心机中,4℃下12000rpm离心5min。
所述DNA提取的步骤,进一步包括:贴壁吸取上清液,再次加入700μL酚-氯仿-异戊醇,重新抽提一次,抽提上清液加入10μLRnase,室温放置30min;若上清液澄清,则直接跳过本步,进行下一步操作。
所述DNA提取的步骤,进一步包括:贴壁加入等体积700μL异丙醇,慢慢翻转15次,出现絮状沉淀,放入-20℃冰箱中,30min后取出,用冷冻离心机配平离心。
为解决上述技术问题,本发明还提供了一种水稻转基因阳性细胞快速筛选的方法,包括以下步骤:
第一步,以含有DsRED片段的pGDR质粒为模板,利用引物进行扩增,获得DsRED片段;
第二步,以pCAMBIA1300双元载体质粒为模板,扩增获得两端含有Kpn I和X ba I酶切位点的35S启动子片段;
第三步,将引入X ba I和BamH I酶切位点的DsRED片段插入到pCAMBIA1300双元载体上;
第四步,将引入Kpn I和X ba I酶切位点的35S启动子连接到第三步已经连接上DsRED基因的pCAMBIA1300载体上;
第五步,将含有35S启动子和DsRED基因的pCAMBIA1300载体的融合质 粒导入到农杆菌中,形成可以用于介导转化植物细胞的工程菌;
第六步,利用上述工程菌转化水稻的愈伤组织;
第七步,通过对第六步中转化的愈伤组织培养后,筛选转基因成功的细胞。
优选地,所述方法进一步包括:
第八步,将诱导出的再生苗进行检测。
优选地,所述方法进一步包括:
第八步,将诱导出的再生苗通过利用红色荧光扩增和照射进行检测,检测阳性苗和假阳性苗。
为解决上述技术问题,本发明还提供了一种如前述任一项所述水稻转基因阳性细胞快速筛选的方法在水稻转基因工程中的应用。
为解决上述技术问题,本发明还提供了一种如前述任一项所述水稻转基因阳性细胞快速筛选的方法筛选的水稻转基因阳性细胞。
为解决上述技术问题,本发明还提供了一种愈伤组织阶段的筛选方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
第一步,以含有DsRED片段的质粒为模板,利用引物进行扩增,获得DsRED片段;
第二步,以双元载体质粒为模板,扩增获得两端含有Kpn I和X ba I酶切位点的35S启动子片段;
第三步,将引入X ba I和BamH I酶切位点的DsRED片段插入到所述双元载体上;
第四步,将引入Kpn I和X ba I酶切位点的35S启动子连接到第三步已经连接上DsRED基因的双元载体上;
第五步,将含有35S启动子和DsRED基因的双元载体的融合质粒导入到农杆菌中,形成可以用于介导转化植物细胞的工程菌;
第六步,利用上述工程菌转化水稻的愈伤组织;
第七步,通过对第六步中转化的愈伤组织培养后,筛选转基因成功的细胞。
优选地,所述第二步,进一步包括:
以商业化的pCAMBIA1300双元载体质粒为模板,通过利用35S-F 5′gggactctagaggatcc TGGTGGC-3′;35S-R 5′AAGCTCCGAGGAGGTTTCCGGATA-3′扩增获得35S启动子,获取两端含有 Kpn I和X ba I酶切位点的35S启动子片段。
为解决上述技术问题,本发明还提供了一种愈伤组织阶段的筛选使用的启动子,述启动子的获得方法包括:
以商业化的pCAMBIA1300双元载体质粒为模板,通过利用35S-F 5′gggactctagaggatcc TGGTGGC-3′;35S-R 5′AAGCTCCGAGGAGGTTTCCGGATA-3′扩增获得35S启动子,获取两端含有Kpn I和X ba I酶切位点的35S启动子片段。
为解决上述技术问题,本发明还提供了一种转基因阳性组织的筛选方法、一种植物转基因细胞制备方法、一种植物愈伤组织的制备方法、一种水稻转基因细胞制备方法;前述各方法包括以下步骤:
第一步,以含有DsRED片段的pGDR质粒为模板,利用引物进行扩增,获得DsRED片段;
第二步,以pCAMBIA1300双元载体质粒为模板,扩增获得两端含有Kpn I和X ba I酶切位点的启动子片段;
第三步,将引入X ba I和BamH I酶切位点的DsRED片段插入到pCAMBIA1300双元载体上;
第四步,将引入Kpn I和X ba I酶切位点的启动子连接到第三步已经连接上DsRED基因的pCAMBIA1300载体上;
第五步,将含有启动子和DsRED基因的pCAMBIA1300载体的融合质粒导入到农杆菌中,形成可以用于介导转化植物细胞的工程菌;
第六步,利用上述工程菌转化水稻的愈伤组织;
第七步,通过对第六步中转化的愈伤组织培养后,筛选转基因成功的细胞。
本发明有益效果包括:本发明方法,理论上利用基因工程获得一个优良转化事件之后,即可利用回交转育对任意水稻品种将其改造成第三代保持系,而且回交转育理论简单,易于理解,田间杂交等工作相比实验室分子试验简单,易操作,可同时对多个材料同时进行回交转育,最重要的是回交转育的结果具有可预见性,且试验周期较短,以一年种植三季的速度进行回交改良试验,只需两年时间即可获得新的三代保持系。本发明基于DsRED荧光蛋白基因为报告基因的工程菌株的改造,是一种快捷的报告基因检测方法,为后续的高效率的阳性植株筛选提供了依据。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例所述第三代回交转育流程图;
图2为本发明实施例所述DsRED基因PCR扩增凝胶电泳检测图;
图3为本发明实施例所述35S启动子PCR扩增凝胶电泳检测图;
图4为本发明实施例所述荧光照射检测转基因细胞图。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例详述本发明。为使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚、明确,以下对本发明进一步详细说明,但本发明并不局限于这些实施例。
利用现有的第三代保持系做供体亲本,普通常规稻作为轮回亲本,通过回交转育获得新的第三代保持系。
(1)第三代保持系武运粳7号为母本,待改造的普通常规稻品系为父本,杂交获得F1,
(2)选取F1代红色种子种植,抽穗后与待改良普通常规稻品系回交获得BC1种子,
(3)种植BC1代红色种子,获得BC1植株,抽穗前分单株编号,取叶片提取DNA,利用分子辅助筛选含有不育基因eat,且遗传背景偏向轮回亲本的植株,遗传背景的选择利用分子标记(见附表1)进行筛选,待筛选出的植株抽穗后继续进行回交;
(4)重复步骤(3),通常经过3-4代的回交和选择,回交后代的遗传背景可恢复轮回亲本的90%以上,其中,每一代回交世代都需筛选含有eat基因,且遗传背景偏向轮回亲本的植株;
(5)当回交后代的背景恢复到轮回亲本的90%以上时,使其自交,并且自交后代需单株收获,在自交后代中筛选红色种子与正常白色种子比例为1∶1,且白色种子全部雄性不育的植株,该植株即为回交转育获得的新的第三代保持系,通常在自交第二代时即可筛出目标单株。
DNA提取
1.每株BC1植株取0.5g水稻叶片放于-20℃低温冷冻的研体内。加入液氮研磨成白色粉末状,放入2mL的离心管中。研磨的同时,打开水浴锅开关加热至 65℃。
2.向离心管中加入700μL 65℃预热1h的CTAB裂解液,翻转摇晃几次,再放入65℃恒温水浴锅中40min(每隔20min,翻转摇晃几次)
3.将样品放到室温下冷却5min,加入700μL酚-氯仿-异戊醇(25∶24∶1),贴着壁加入,翻转摇晃几次,并检查是否漏液
4.用手压住管盖,慢慢翻转几次,之后在摇床上放一张报纸,摆好各管,在室温下30rpm摇动5~10分钟。
5.放到冷冻离心机中,4℃下12000rpm离心5min。
6.贴壁吸取上清液,再次加入700μL酚-氯仿-异戊醇(25∶24∶1),重新抽提一次,抽提上清液加入10μL Rnase(10mg/mL),室温放置30min,不可倒放。若上清液澄清,则直接跳过本步,进行下一步操作。
7.贴壁加入等体积700μL(-20℃)异丙醇,慢慢翻转15次,出现絮状沉淀,放入-20℃冰箱中,30min后取出,用冷冻离心机配平离心(4℃,12000rpm,10min)
8.倒去上清液,加入700μL预冷70%乙醇,用200μL枪头吹打,清洗DNA,在吸干净乙醇后,放入无菌操作台中开盖吹干。
9.加入50μL ddH2O。
DNA检测
1.称取琼脂糖1.4g(50孔胶槽),加入140mL(70/35mL)的1×TAE,放到微波炉中高温加热至沸腾,瓶中无絮状浑浊,清澈通明最好。
2.放到冷水中浸泡或在水龙头冲刷1min,然后加溴化乙锭(100mL TAE加6μL),缓缓倒入胶槽中,插入梳子,放置20min凝胶。
TAE配方:使用液(1倍)0.04mol/L Tris-乙酸+0.001mol/L EDTA
储存液(50倍)Tris-碱242.2g,冰乙酸57.1ml,0.5mol/L EDTA(PH=8.0)加水定容至1L。
3.用PCR板加入6×Loading Buffer 3μL,加入提取好的DNA 3μL,用枪点到叫胶孔中,12个空一格,好区分,也可以在区分的空白格点DNA Marker,将电压设置到140V左右,开始电泳。
6×Loading Buffer配方:溴芬兰0.015g+二甲苯氰FF 0.015g+0.5 M/L EDTA100μL+聚蔗糖4g,加水定容至10ml)
4.看指示剂的位置,跑到1.5cm左右就可以取出胶,放到照胶成像仪中拍照。
适合PCR的DNA浓度为50ng/Ml
PCR扩增
1.引物母液:干粉加入ddH2O,OD值后的数字乘以OD值就是所加的水的毫克。干粉引物用之前13000rpm离心一下,让干粉都沉底。Tap酶也要离心。
2.引物mix:使用时,上下游引物各取10μl,加入480μl去离子水混匀。(此为引物母液的稀释液)
3.PCR反应体系:PCR专用板每个板孔点入如下体系
Figure PCTCN2018124188-appb-000001
一共20μl,一个PCR孔,所有的东西都要在冰上加样,因为酶易失活。
4.PCR扩增反应程序:
提前混合好PCR体系:Buffer 200μl,d NTP 30μl,Tap酶20μl,ddH2O 1ml,上下游引物1∶1混合好加300μl,DNA另加。反应混合体系如下:
Buffer 200μl+dNTP 30μl+Tap酶20μl+ddH2O 1ml+上下游引物各6μl(6μl是引物母液)、ddH2O 288μl
PCR板加好所有的反应体系后,要加一滴石蜡(20μl)封存。加引物混合体系是PCR板要放到冰上。
加好的PCR样板放到-20℃保存等待PCR。否则酶容易失活。
5.PCR扩增反应程序:
Figure PCTCN2018124188-appb-000002
Figure PCTCN2018124188-appb-000003
扩增后加入8ml loading buffer(此步骤完成后可以进行琼脂糖检测DNA是否PCR出来条带),94℃变性10min,再放到4℃冰箱里保存,下一步进行聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳。
聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳
1.首先在玻璃耳板上喷洒酒精,再用纸巾擦洗干净,保证上面无纸屑,然后放到通风厨里,用2%的剥离硅烷(溶剂是氯仿,配方:加10mL剥离硅烷,加490mL氯仿混匀)涂抹均匀,用量大概是10mL,擦过后手感光滑为适宜,这一步很重要,直接影响以后是否粘胶,然后放置10min左右。
2.放置耳板的期间,底板用酒精喷洒一遍,用纸巾擦洗干净,保证上面没有灰尘,然后用亲和硅烷(亲和硅烷50μL,乙酸50μL),加酒精至5mL(5mL小瓶加满),倒在底板上涂抹均匀。(注意涂抹时手套不可以碰到玻璃板,要挽上袖子,否则废胶)。
3.将边条从清水中浸泡后,用纸巾擦干净,底板左右两边各放一条,(边条的厚度大概就是胶的厚度),对准底板的两边的底边贴好。
4.将晾干的耳板从通风厨中取出,涂剥离硅烷的一面,对准底板涂亲和硅烷的一面,板与板对齐压好,再将对好的大板左右两边各夹上两个夹子,夹子要夹在边条上,一共4个夹子,夹牢固。
5.用灌胶瓶装好6%的PA胶,一个大板大约用70mL(用量筒称量),里面先加10%的APS 400μL,TEMED 40μL。然后再灌入胶,在耳板缺口处离板稍微有一点距离开始撒胶,一边灌胶一边敲大板,保证胶匀速前进,轻轻拍打以除去气泡。灌胶到玻璃板底部时用力敲打几下底部玻璃板,直到胶冒出但不滴下为好。灌胶结束,检察灌胶口处是否有气泡,若有可用齿钩钩出,也可以拍打挤出,再补一下胶。
6.齿梳也用水浸泡一下,清洗干净擦干,没有齿的平头一段放到耳板缺口处,先浸入胶中,用巧力插入大板中,一定保证没有气泡,插入的深度到过大板上横线一点点最好(大约1cm),插入齿梳后再补一次胶,然后夹好两个大夹子,用水平尺调水平,(底座可用插入枪头垫水平)
7.放置等待凝胶(大约2h)
8.凝胶后将所有的夹子先去掉,将板上的齿梳去掉,放到水槽上,将上下两个板的表面残胶液刷掉。
9.将大板上耳板的凹槽处也刷一下,这一步重要,关系到是否跑胶成功。
10.将大板放到电泳架,耳板那面朝向墙摆放,将下面3个纽扣同时拧紧(先同时拧两边的两个,再拧中间的纽扣,不要拧得太紧,否则会漏上槽液,也不要宁太紧,会炸板)然后大板两边也用纽扣夹固定好,两边的纽扣夹的纽扣向墙,并拧紧固定。
11.将上槽液倒入上槽,上槽液没过胶表面,用吸管催一下凹槽里的胶孔,将碎胶吹走,防止堵胶,将Loading-Buffer水平加入,先进行预电泳20min。
(上槽液配制:上槽液为0.33倍TBE,取30ml的10倍TBE加水至900ml)
(下槽液配制:下槽液为1倍TBE,取1000ml的10倍TBE加水至1000ml)
12.Loading-Buffer跑到一定位置后(大概5cm处),暂停电泳,再将齿梳带锯齿的那面缓慢插入胶缝中,注意齿梳要留一点在玻璃板外,否则那样无法点样,但是齿梳也要扎入胶内,好能分隔开各个DNA样品。
13.将外表面的玻璃板擦干净,再用红笔画好线。
14.PCR后的样本(4℃保存)取出,每个孔6μL点入电泳齿梳的孔内。
15.点完后,打开电泳仪,可设置自己所需电压,电流,功率(一般电压稳定,选择1500V~1800V)进行电泳,大概第一个跑电泳大约8cm(三个手指宽),可再点第二层DNA样本,总共电泳大概1h左右。
16.正确地跑胶:指示剂下降整齐,呈直线条带状向下走。跑胶结束:跑胶的第二条的蓝条带(走得慢的那条)走到板底为宜,可视为跑电泳结束。(跑的快蓝带----溴酚蓝,跑得慢的带----二甲苯蓝)
17.关闭电泳仪,卸下大板,下一步,银染,显影。
18.凝胶电泳撤板,银染,显影步骤:
(1)先将上槽液导出,再去掉侧面固定的夹子,再去掉底座的固定,取板,放到水槽中浸泡一下。
(2)用扁铲将两个玻璃板分撬开来(正确地跑胶,胶样应该在底板上,准备银染)
Figure PCTCN2018124188-appb-000004
Figure PCTCN2018124188-appb-000005
充分振荡摇匀。将大板放入其中避光银染10min,不可以银染太久,否则脱胶。
银染后大板取出用蒸馏水涮洗一下,显影
Figure PCTCN2018124188-appb-000006
充分振荡均匀,将银染好的大板在显影液中充分显影,显影后在水中洗去碱味。
在发光板中观测DNA条带,拍照。
EAT1突变不育基因eat选择
eat引物
Primer
上游引物:TACAGGAGTAGCAGCGGTTC
下游引物:TGGTACCTAACTGGAGAGCTGA
EAT1产物大小:78bp eat产物大小:76bp
实施例1
关于一种水稻第三代保持系的回交转育方法,具体包括如下步骤:
A.以水稻第三代保持系武运粳7号为母本,黄华占为父本,自交得到F1种子;
B.种植F1红色种子,获得F1植株,与黄华占回交得到BC1代种子;
C.种植BC1代中红色的种子,获得BC1F1植株,对其分单株编号后,取叶片提取DNA,检测含有不育基因eat,且遗传背景偏向黄华占的植株;
D.BC1代筛选出的单株抽穗后继续与花黄占进行回交;
E.重复回交3代,且每一个回交世代都筛选含有不育基因eat,且遗传背景偏向轮回亲本的植株;
F.BC3代自交一次获得BC3F2;
G.BC3F2播种后自交第二次获得BC3F3,成熟后分单株收获;
H.BC3F3种子按单株,每一株都分别将红种子与白色种子分穗行进行种植,待扬花期观察白种子穗行植株的育性,如果该穗行所有的植株均为不育株,那该穗行对应的红种子就是改造好的新第三代保持系黄华占。
I.经过签订,改造后的第三代保持系与原黄华占遗传背景相似度高达95%以上,且田间育性稳定,农艺性状整齐,符合水稻育种需求;
实施例2
A.以水稻第三代保持系武运粳7号为母本,苏R900为父本,自交得到F1种子;
B.种植F1红色种子,获得F1植株,与苏R900回交得到BC1代种子;
C.种植BC1代中红色的种子,获得BC1F1植株,对其分单株编号后,取叶片提取DNA,检测含有不育基因eat,且遗传背景偏向苏R900的植株;
D.BC1代筛选出的单株抽穗后继续与花黄占进行回交;
E.重复回交3代,且每一个回交世代都筛选含有不育基因eat,且遗传背景偏向轮回亲本的植株;
F.BC3代自交一次获得BC3F2;
G.BC3F2播种后自交第二次获得BC3F3,成熟后分单株收获;
H.BC3F3种子按单株,每一株都分别将红种子与白色种子分穗行进行种植,待扬花期观察白种子穗行植株的育性,如果该穗行所有的植株均为不育株,那该穗行对应的红种子就是改造好的新第三代保持系苏R900。
I.经过签订,改造后的第三代保持系与原苏R900遗传背景相似度高达97%以上,且田间育性稳定,农艺性状整齐,符合水稻育种需求;
如序列表SEQ1所示,为EAT1核酸序列。
如序列表SEQ2所示,为野生型序列。
如序列表SEQ3所示,为突变株序列
表1 背景选择SSR引物序列
Figure PCTCN2018124188-appb-000007
Figure PCTCN2018124188-appb-000008
Figure PCTCN2018124188-appb-000009
Figure PCTCN2018124188-appb-000010
当前第三代保持系大多是通过基因工程技术创制而得,然而在基因工程创制第三代保持系时存在很多不确定因素,进而影响整个创制流程的进度,比如,不同的水稻品种,其愈伤诱导的条件不同,遗传转化的条件也不同。此外,后期转化事件的筛选需要消耗大量的精力,且获得预期转化事件的概率偏低。利用本发明所述的方法,理论上利用基因工程获得一个优良转化事件之后,即可利用回交转育对任意水稻品种将其改造成第三代保持系,而且回交转育理论简单,易于理解,田间杂交等工作相比实验室分子试验简单,易操作,可同时对多个材料同时进行回交转育,最重要的是回交转育的结果具有可预见性,且试验周期较短,以 一年种植三季的速度进行回交改良试验,那么只需两年时间即可获得新的三代保持系。
本发明还提供了一种水稻转基因阳性细胞快速筛选的方法,包括以下步骤:
第一步,以含有DsRED片段的pGDR质粒为模板,利用引物进行扩增,获得DsRED片段;
第二步,以pCAMBIA1300双元载体质粒为模板,扩增获得两端含有Kpn I和X ba I酶切位点的35S启动子片段;
第三步,将引入X ba I和BamH I酶切位点的DsRED片段插入到pCAMBIA1300双元载体上;
第四步,将引入Kpn I和X ba I酶切位点的35S启动子连接到第三步已经连接上DsRED基因的pCAMBIA1300载体上;
第五步,将含有35S启动子和DsRED基因的pCAMBIA1300载体的融合质粒导入到农杆菌中,形成可以用于介导转化植物细胞的工程菌;
第六步,利用上述工程菌转化水稻的愈伤组织;
第七步,通过对第六步中转化的愈伤组织培养后,筛选转基因成功的细胞。
所述方法进一步包括:
第八步,将诱导出的再生苗进行检测。
所述方法进一步包括:
第八步,将诱导出的再生苗通过利用红色荧光扩增和照射进行检测,检测阳性苗和假阳性苗。
所述第一步的扩增体系包括:
Figure PCTCN2018124188-appb-000011
为解决上述技术问题,本发明又提供了一种在水稻转基因阳性细胞快速筛选的方法中使用的PCR扩增方法,扩增体系包括:
Figure PCTCN2018124188-appb-000012
Figure PCTCN2018124188-appb-000013
所述第一步的扩增程序包括:
Figure PCTCN2018124188-appb-000014
为解决上述技术问题,本发明又提供了一种在水稻转基因阳性细胞快速筛选的方法中使用的PCR扩增方法,扩增程序包括:
Figure PCTCN2018124188-appb-000015
为解决上述技术问题,本发明又提供了如前述任一项所述水稻转基因阳性细胞快速筛选的方法在水稻转基因工程中的应用。
为解决上述技术问题,本发明又提供了一种如前述任一项所述水稻转基因阳性细胞快速筛选的方法筛选的水稻转基因阳性细胞。
本发明将35S启动子与红色荧光基因(DsRed)基因进行连锁后转化水稻成熟胚诱导的愈伤组织,在愈伤组织细胞阶段即可快速从外观上进行转基因成功性进行验证。为实现上述发明目的,本发明采用以下技术方案予以实现:
A、DsRed基因的获得;
B、35S启动子的获得;
C、各基因表达元件的连接
各基因表达元件的获取和连接步骤包括:
第一步,以含有DsRED片段的pGDR质粒为模板,利用上述引物进行扩增,获得DsRED片段。扩增体系如下:
Figure PCTCN2018124188-appb-000016
扩增程序:
Figure PCTCN2018124188-appb-000017
第二步,以商业化的pCAMBIA1300双元载体质粒为模板,通过利用35S-F5′gggactctagaggatcc TGGTGGC-3′;35S-R 5′AAGCTCCGAGGAGGTTTCCGGATA-3′扩增获得35S启动子,获取两端含有Kpn I和X ba I酶切位点的35S启动子片段;扩增体系如下:
Figure PCTCN2018124188-appb-000018
扩增程序:
Figure PCTCN2018124188-appb-000019
Figure PCTCN2018124188-appb-000020
第三步,将引入X ba I和BamH I酶切位点的DsRED片段插入到pCAMBIA1300双元载体上;
连接体系为:
Figure PCTCN2018124188-appb-000021
16℃条件下连个过夜
第四步,将引入Kpn I和X ba I酶切位点的35S启动子连接到第三步已经连接上DsRED基因的pCAMBIA1300载体上;
连接体系为:
Figure PCTCN2018124188-appb-000022
16℃条件下连个过夜
第五步,将含有35S启动子和DsRED基因的pCAMBIA1300载体的融合质粒导入到农杆菌中,形成可以用于介导转化植物细胞的工程菌;
第六步,利用上述工程菌转化水稻的愈伤组织。
其实验操作步骤为:
1)诱导:水稻种子去壳消毒后,将成熟胚接种于诱导培养基中,诱导胚性愈伤组织;
2)侵染:将步骤1)所得愈伤组织与胚乳、芽分离,接种于农杆菌悬浮液中 侵染,之后晾干待用;
3)共培养:将晾干的愈伤组织转到共培养基中,培养至愈伤组织表面出现菌体;
4)筛选:将共培养后的愈伤组织清洗后接种到筛选培养基中进行抗性筛选,获得抗性愈伤组织;
5)分化:将获得的抗性愈伤组织接种到分化培养基上培养至分化出幼苗;
6)生根:将幼苗接种到生根培养基上生根,并进行PCR检测,选择检测为阳性的植株作为转化得到的粳稻植株;
所涉培养基的具体配方如下:
YEB培养基:酵母提取物0.8-1.2g/L;蛋白胨4.5-5.0g/L;牛肉膏4.5-5.0g/L;蔗糖4.0-6.0g/L;硫酸镁0.3-0.5g/L;琼脂12-15g/L;pH 6.8-7.2;
诱导培养基:NB;2,4-D 1.8-2.0mg/mL;6-BA 0.1-0.2mg/mL;琼脂粉10-15g/L;
继代培养基:NB;2,4-D 1.8-2.0mg/mL;CH 0.2-0.3g/L;蔗糖28-30g/L;琼脂粉10-15g/L;
共培养培养基:NB;AS 100-200umol/L;
筛选培养基:NB;2,4-D 1.8-2.0mg/mL;6-BA 0.1-0.2mg/mL;Hyg 20-25mg/L,Timentin 200-400mg/L,琼脂粉10-15g/L;
分化培养基:NB;Pro 0.3-0.5g/L;CH 0.2-0.3g/L;6-BA 1.8-2.0mg/mL;KT 0.8-1.0mg/mL;NAA 0.3-0.5mg/mL,IAA 0.4-0.5mg/mL;Hyg 20-25mg/L;Timentin 200-400mg/L;蔗糖25-30g/L;琼脂粉10-15g/L;
生根培养基:NB;NAA 0.4-0.7mg/L;蔗糖25-30g/L;琼脂粉10-15g/L
第七步,通过对第六步中转化的愈伤组织培养7-10天后,利用荧光照射,观察愈伤组织中发荧光的部分,筛选转基因成功的细胞。将发荧光的部分进行用手术刀扣取,转移到新的培养基上,进行培养。
第八步,将诱导出的再生苗通过利用红色荧光扩增和照射进行检测,检测阳性苗和假阳性苗。
其它说明:
1、DsRED基因扩增所需引物。
DsRED-F 5′TCTAGAGCCATGGCCTCCTCCGAGAA-3′;
DsRED-R 5′-GGATCCTTACAGGAACAGGTGGTGGC-3′
2、35S启动子扩增所需引物。
35S-F 5′gggactctagaggatcc TGGTGGC-3′;
35S-R 5′AAGCTCC GAGGAGGTTTCCGGATA-3′
3、DsRED基因序列如序列表中SEQ4所示。
4、35S启动子序列如序列表中SEQ5所示。
表2 转基因苗鉴定结果
Figure PCTCN2018124188-appb-000023
以上所述,仅是本发明的几个实施例,并非对本发明做任何形式的限制,虽然本发明以较佳实施例揭示如上,然而并非用以限制本发明,任何熟悉本专业的技术人员,在不脱离本发明技术方案的范围内,利用上述揭示的技术内容做出些许的变动或修饰均等同于等效实施案例,均属于本发明技术方案保护范围内。

Claims (23)

  1. 一种通过杂交技术获取第三代保持系的方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
    (1)以第三代保持为母本,待改造的普通常规品系为父本,杂交获得F1;
    (2)选取F1代红色种子种植后与待改良普通常规品系回交获得BC1种子;
    (3)种植BC1代红色种子,获得BC1植株;抽穗前分单株编号,取叶片提取DNA,利用分子辅助筛选含有不育基因eat的植株,之后继续进行回交;
    (4)重复步骤(3),通常经过多代的回交和选择,回交至回交后代的遗传背景恢复轮回亲本的90%以上;
    (5)自交,该植株即为回交转育获得的新的第三代保持系。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述通过杂交技术获取第三代保持系的方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(1)进一步包括:第三代保持系武运粳7号为母本,待改造的普通常规稻品系为父本,杂交获得F1。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述通过杂交技术获取第三代保持系的方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(3)进一步包括:
    DNA提取的步骤;
    DNA检测的步骤;
    PCR扩增的步骤;
    聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳的步骤。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述通过杂交技术获取第三代保持系的方法,其特征在于,所述DNA提取的步骤,进一步包括:每株BC1植株取0.5g水稻叶片放于-20℃低温冷冻的研体内。加入液氮研磨成白色粉末状,放入2mL的离心管中。研磨的同时,打开水浴锅开关加热至65℃。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述通过杂交技术获取第三代保持系的方法,其特征在于,所述DNA提取的步骤,进一步包括:向离心管中加入700μL 65℃预热1h的CTAB裂解液,翻转摇晃几次,再放入65℃恒温水浴锅中40min。
  6. 根据权利要求3所述通过杂交技术获取第三代保持系的方法,其特征在于,所述DNA提取的步骤,进一步包括:将样品放到室温下冷却5min,加入700μL酚-氯仿-异戊醇,贴着壁加入,翻转摇晃几次,并检查是否漏液。
  7. 根据权利要求3所述通过杂交技术获取第三代保持系的方法,其特征在 于,所述DNA提取的步骤,进一步包括:用手压住管盖,慢慢翻转几次,之后在摇床上放一张报纸,摆好各管,在室温下30rpm摇动5~10分钟。
  8. 根据权利要求3所述通过杂交技术获取第三代保持系的方法,其特征在于,所述DNA提取的步骤,进一步包括:放到冷冻离心机中,4℃下12000rpm离心5min。
  9. 根据权利要求3所述通过杂交技术获取第三代保持系的方法,其特征在于,所述DNA提取的步骤,进一步包括:贴壁吸取上清液,再次加入700μL酚-氯仿-异戊醇,重新抽提一次,抽提上清液加入10μLRnase,室温放置30min;若上清液澄清,则直接跳过本步,进行下一步操作。
  10. 根据权利要求3所述通过杂交技术获取第三代保持系的方法,其特征在于,所述DNA提取的步骤,进一步包括:贴壁加入等体积700μL异丙醇,慢慢翻转15次,出现絮状沉淀,放入-20℃冰箱中,30min后取出,用冷冻离心机配平离心。
  11. 一种水稻转基因阳性细胞快速筛选的方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
    第一步,以含有DsRED片段的pGDR质粒为模板,利用引物进行扩增,获得DsRED片段;
    第二步,以pCAMBIA1300双元载体质粒为模板,扩增获得两端含有Kpn I和X ba I酶切位点的35S启动子片段;
    第三步,将引入X ba I和BamH I酶切位点的DsRED片段插入到pCAMBIA1300双元载体上;
    第四步,将引入Kpn I和X ba I酶切位点的35S启动子连接到第三步已经连接上DsRED基因的pCAMBIA1300载体上;
    第五步,将含有35S启动子和DsRED基因的pCAMBIA1300载体的融合质粒导入到农杆菌中,形成可以用于介导转化植物细胞的工程菌;
    第六步,利用上述工程菌转化水稻的愈伤组织;
    第七步,通过对第六步中转化的愈伤组织培养后,筛选转基因成功的细胞。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述水稻转基因阳性细胞快速筛选的方法,其特征在于,所述方法进一步包括:
    第八步,将诱导出的再生苗进行检测。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述水稻转基因阳性细胞快速筛选的方法,其特征在 于,所述方法进一步包括:
    第八步,将诱导出的再生苗通过利用红色荧光扩增和照射进行检测,检测阳性苗和假阳性苗。
  14. 根据权利要求11所述水稻转基因阳性细胞快速筛选的方法,其特征在于,所述第一步的扩增体系包括:
    Figure PCTCN2018124188-appb-100001
  15. 一种如权利要求11~14中任一项所述水稻转基因阳性细胞快速筛选的方法在水稻转基因工程中的应用。
  16. 一种如权利要求11~14中任一项所述水稻转基因阳性细胞快速筛选的方法筛选的水稻转基因阳性细胞。
  17. 一种愈伤组织阶段的筛选方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
    第一步,以含有DsRED片段的质粒为模板,利用引物进行扩增,获得DsRED片段;
    第二步,以双元载体质粒为模板,扩增获得两端含有Kpn I和X ba I酶切位点的35S启动子片段;
    第三步,将引入X ba I和BamH I酶切位点的DsRED片段插入到所述双元载体上;
    第四步,将引入Kpn I和X ba I酶切位点的35S启动子连接到第三步已经连接上DsRED基因的双元载体上;
    第五步,将含有35S启动子和DsRED基因的双元载体的融合质粒导入到农杆菌中,形成可以用于介导转化植物细胞的工程菌;
    第六步,利用上述工程菌转化水稻的愈伤组织;
    第七步,通过对第六步中转化的愈伤组织培养后,筛选转基因成功的细胞。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述愈伤组织阶段的筛选方法,其特征在于,所述第二步,进一步包括:
    以商业化的pCAMBIA1300双元载体质粒为模板,通过利用35S-F 5′gggactctagaggatcc TGGTGGC-3′;35S-R 5′AAGCTCCGAGGAGGTTTCCGGATA-3′扩增获得35S启动子,获取两端含有Kpn I和X ba I酶切位点的35S启动子片段。
  19. 一种愈伤组织阶段的筛选使用的启动子,其特征在于,所述启动子的获得方法包括:
    以商业化的pCAMBIA1300双元载体质粒为模板,通过利用35S-F 5′gggactctagaggatcc TGGTGGC-3′;35S-R 5′AAGCTCCGAGGAGGTTTCCGGATA-3′扩增获得35S启动子,获取两端含有Kpn I和X ba I酶切位点的35S启动子片段。
  20. 一种转基因阳性组织的筛选方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
    第一步,以含有DsRED片段的质粒为模板,利用引物进行扩增,获得DsRED片段;
    第二步,以双元载体质粒为模板,扩增获得两端含有Kpn I和X ba I酶切位点的启动子片段;
    第三步,将引入X ba I和BamH I酶切位点的DsRED片段插入到所述双元载体上;
    第四步,将引入Kpn I和X ba I酶切位点的启动子连接到第三步已经连接上DsRED基因的双元载体上;
    第五步,将含有所述启动子和DsRED基因的双元载体的融合质粒导入到农杆菌中,形成可以用于介导转化植物细胞的工程菌;
    第六步,利用上述工程菌转化水稻的愈伤组织;
    第七步,通过对第六步中转化的愈伤组织培养后,筛选转基因成功的细胞。
  21. 一种植物转基因细胞制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
    第一步,以含有DsRED片段的质粒为模板,利用引物进行扩增,获得DsRED片段;
    第二步,以pCAMBIA1300双元载体质粒为模板,扩增获得含有X ba I酶切位点的35S启动子片段;
    第三步,将引入X ba I酶切位点的DsRED片段插入到pCAMBIA1300双元载体上;
    第四步,将引入X ba I酶切位点的35S启动子连接到第三步已经连接上DsRED基因的pCAMBIA1300载体上;
    第五步,将含有35S启动子和DsRED基因的pCAMBIA1300载体的融合质粒导入到农杆菌中,形成可以用于介导转化植物细胞的工程菌;
    第六步,利用上述工程菌转化水稻的愈伤组织;
    第七步,通过对第六步中转化的愈伤组织培养后,筛选制备转基因成功的植物细胞。
  22. 一种植物愈伤组织的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
    第一步,以含有DsRED片段的pGDR质粒为模板,利用引物进行扩增,获得DsRED片段;
    第二步,以双元载体质粒为模板,扩增获得两端含有两个酶切位点的35S启动子片段;
    第三步,将引入两个酶切位点的DsRED片段插入到所述双元载体上;
    第四步,将引入两个酶切位点的35S启动子连接到第三步已经连接上DsRED基因的所述双元载体上;
    第五步,将含有35S启动子和DsRED基因的双元载体的融合质粒导入到农杆菌中,形成可以用于介导转化植物细胞的工程菌;
    第六步,利用上述工程菌转化水稻的愈伤组织;
    第七步,通过对第六步中转化的愈伤组织培养后,筛选转基因成功的细胞。
  23. 一种水稻转基因细胞制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
    第一步,以含有DsRED片段的pGDR质粒为模板,利用引物进行扩增,获得DsRED片段;
    第二步,以pCAMBIA1300双元载体质粒为模板,扩增获得两端含有Kpn I和X ba I酶切位点的启动子片段;
    第三步,将引入X ba I和BamH I酶切位点的DsRED片段插入到pCAMBIA1300双元载体上;
    第四步,将引入Kpn I和X ba I酶切位点的启动子连接到第三步已经连接上DsRED基因的pCAMBIA1300载体上;
    第五步,将含有启动子和DsRED基因的pCAMBIA1300载体的融合质粒导入到农杆菌中,形成可以用于介导转化植物细胞的工程菌;
    第六步,利用上述工程菌转化水稻的愈伤组织;
    第七步,通过对第六步中转化的愈伤组织培养后,筛选转基因成功的细胞。
PCT/CN2018/124188 2018-07-05 2018-12-27 获取第三代保持系方法及其转基因阳性组织筛选 WO2020007001A1 (zh)

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