WO2020004292A1

WO2020004292A1 - Tank structure of heat exchanger

Info

Publication number: WO2020004292A1
Application number: PCT/JP2019/024854
Authority: WO
Inventors: 純也池田
Original assignee: 株式会社ティラド
Priority date: 2018-06-28
Filing date: 2019-06-17
Publication date: 2020-01-02
Also published as: JPWO2020004292A1

Abstract

The present invention comprises a header plate (2) in which tube insertion holes (2a) are aligned in a row, a first intermediate plate (3) in which a flow path for a heat medium is formed in the thickness direction, and an end plate (4) that is fitted to the outer side of the first intermediate plate (3). The header plate (2), the first intermediate plate (3), and the end plate (4) are integrally brazed in the thickness direction, and brazing is also performed between the header plate (2) and a tube (14). The thickness of the first intermediate plate (3) is formed greater than the thickness of the header plate (2).

Description

Heat exchanger tank structure

The present invention relates to a heat exchanger tank structure suitable for cooling high-pressure oil or gas.

The conventional oil cooler has a header tank main body and a header plate, and a number of flat tubes are inserted through the header plate.
There is known an oil cooler that guides high-pressure oil to such a header tank, supplies it to each flat tube, guides cooling air to the outer surface side of the flat tube, and exchanges heat with the oil. When high-pressure oil is introduced into the header tank, a bending moment is generated mainly in the width direction of the header tank at the connection between the header plate and the header tank body due to the internal pressure. Along with this, bending stress also occurs at the base of the flat tube at the joint between the flat tube and the header plate, and the tube may be cracked.
As a countermeasure, a high pressure resistant header tank described in Patent Document 1 has been proposed.
This has an inner plate having a tube connection hole, a middle plate having a plurality of slits, and an outer plate closing one surface of the middle plate, and these are stacked to form a header tank. More specifically, this header tank has a number of tube connection holes in the inner plate, and the middle plate has a number of slits orthogonal to the connection holes. Then, the outer plate closes one surface of the middle plate, and they are laminated, and the high-pressure refrigerant flows through the flat tube and the slit in the inner plate.
According to the patent document, it is described that this header tank is low-cost and suitable for miniaturization.

JP 2005-188787 A

The header tank described in Patent Literature 1 has a large flow resistance in the tank, and if a high-pressure heat medium is supplied to the tank, as a result, a problem may occur in the pressure resistance of the root portion between the flat tube and the inner plate. There is.
Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a heat exchanger tank structure having a small flow resistance and a high pressure resistance.

The present invention according to claim 1 includes a header plate 2 in which a large number of tube insertion holes 2a are arranged in parallel,
A first intermediate plate 3 having a heat medium flow path opened in the thickness direction by the thickness thereof,
An end plate 4 that covers the outside of the first intermediate plate 3,
A large number of tubes 14 whose ends are inserted into the respective tube insertion holes 2a of the header plate 2,
The first intermediate plate 3 and the end plate 4 are formed in a flat plate shape,
The header plate 2, the first intermediate plate 3, and the end plate 4 are integrally brazed and joined in the thickness direction, and a gap between the ends of the large number of tubes 14 and the header plate 2 is formed. Brazed and joined
This is a tank structure of the heat exchanger in which the thickness of the first intermediate plate 3 is larger than the thickness of the header plate 2.
According to the present invention, the header plate 2, the first intermediate plate 3, and the end plate 4 are formed in a flat rectangular shape in which the outer peripheries of the header plate 2, the end plate 4 and the end plate 4 are substantially aligned.
The first intermediate plate 3 has a flat frame-shaped opening hole 3a, and the entire width Wa of the opening hole 3a of the first intermediate plate 3 is smaller than the total width Wh of the tube insertion hole 2a of the header plate 2. The heat exchanger tank structure according to claim 1, wherein:
The present invention according to claim 3 has a planar intermediate second plate 6 interposed between the header plate 2 and the first intermediate plate 3,
In the second intermediate plate 6, a number of slits 7 are opened in the thickness direction to form a flow path,
3. The header plate according to claim 1, wherein the header plate, the first intermediate plate, the second intermediate plate, and the end plate are integrally brazed and joined in a thickness direction. It is a tank structure of a heat exchanger.
According to the present invention, a flat tube insertion hole 2a is formed in the header plate 2 at a constant pitch in a longitudinal direction of the header plate 2,
An elongated slit 7 is formed in the second intermediate plate 6 in the longitudinal direction of the second intermediate plate 6 at the same pitch as the tube insertion hole 2a.
The heat exchanger tank structure according to claim 3, wherein the long axes of the flat tube insertion holes 2a and the openings of the elongated slits 7 are formed in parallel with the width direction of each plate.
In the present invention according to claim 5, a plurality of tube insertion holes 2a are arranged apart from each other in the width direction of the header plate 2,
The tank structure of the heat exchanger according to

claim

3 or 4, wherein the entire length Wb of the slit 7 is formed longer than the entire width Wh of the tube insertion hole 2a.
According to the present invention as set forth in claim 6, a heat medium entrance / exit 4 a is opened in a plane of the end plate 4,
2. The heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein an end of a heat medium pipe 8 is inserted through the entrance 4 a, and an end face of the pipe 8 is seated and fixed on a plane of the first intermediate plate 3. It has a tank structure.
The invention according to claim 7 is a header plate having a large number of tube insertion holes 2a arranged in parallel,
A large number of tubes 14 whose ends are inserted into the respective tube insertion holes 2a of the header plate 2,
A tank body 23a made of a flat extruded material having a flat top surface 19 and a pair of side edges 20 raised from the edge and having a cross section formed in a groove shape, and a longitudinal direction of the tank body 23a. A flat tank 23 having a side lid 22 for closing both ends of the flat tank 23,
Has,
The end surfaces of the pair of side edges 20 of the flat tank 23 and the header plate 2 are integrally brazed and joined in the thickness direction,
This is a tank structure of the heat exchanger in which the plate thickness of the flat tank 23 is formed larger than the plate thickness of the header plate 2.
In the invention according to claim 8, the header plate 2 and the flat tank 23 are formed in a flat rectangular shape in which the outer peripheries are substantially aligned,
The heat exchanger tank structure according to claim 7, wherein the total width Wc between the inner walls of the pair of side edges 20 of the flat tank 23 is smaller than the total width Wh of the tube insertion holes 2a of the header plate 2.
According to the ninth aspect of the present invention, an intermediate plate 25 is interposed between the flat tank 23 and the header plate 2, and the elongated slit 7 has the same pitch as the tube insertion hole 2 a in the longitudinal direction of the intermediate plate 25. Drilled in
9. The heat exchanger according to claim 7, wherein a long axis of the flat tube insertion hole 2 a and an opening of the elongated slit 7 are formed parallel to a width direction of the intermediate plate 25. Tank structure.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the thickness of the first intermediate plate 3 having the heat medium flow path opened in the thickness direction by the thickness thereof is formed to be larger than the thickness of the header plate 2.
Thereby, a sufficient flow path of the heat medium is secured, the flow resistance is reduced, and the thick first intermediate plate 3 serves as a reinforcing material for the header plate 2, and deformation (bending) of the header plate 2 is suppressed. Therefore, the stress at the base of the tube 14 due to the bending of the header plate 2 is reduced.
According to the second aspect of the present invention, the total width Wa of the planar frame-shaped opening 3a of the first intermediate plate 3 is smaller than the total width Wh of the tube insertion hole 2a of the header plate 2 (total width Wh> total width Wa). It was done. Thereby, since the rigidity of the first intermediate plate 3 is improved and the reinforcing effect is enhanced, the deformation (bending) of the header plate 2 is further suppressed, and the stress at the root of the tube 14 due to the bending of the header plate 2 is further reduced. It is further reduced.
According to a third aspect of the present invention, a second intermediate plate 6 is interposed between the header plate 2 and the first intermediate plate 3, a number of slits 7 are opened in the thickness direction, and each plate is connected in the thickness direction. It was brazed and joined together. The flow path of the heat medium in the tank is formed by the large number of slits 7 of the second intermediate plate 6. Thereby, the flow of the heat medium between the header plate 2 and the first intermediate plate 3 becomes smooth, and the flow resistance is reduced.
The flattened tube insertion holes 2a and the slits 7 are formed in the header plate 2 and the second intermediate plate 6 at the same pitch at regular intervals in the longitudinal direction of each plate. Are formed parallel to the width direction of each plate, so that the flow of the heat medium between the header plate 2 and the first intermediate plate 3 is further smoothed, and the flow resistance is reduced.
In the invention described in claim 5, the entire length Wb of the slit 7 is formed longer than the entire width Wh of the tube insertion hole 2a.
Thereby, the flow path between the header plate 2 and the first intermediate plate 3 becomes wider, so that the flow of the heat medium therebetween becomes smoother and the flow resistance is reduced.
According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, the entrance and exit 4a of the heat medium are formed in the end plate 4, the end of the pipe 8 is inserted into the entrance and exit 4a, and the end face of the pipe 8 is in the plane of the first intermediate plate 3. It is seated and fixed. Thereby, the positioning of the pipe 8 is facilitated, and the fixing of the pipe 8 is strengthened.
The invention according to claim 7 has a tank main body 23a made of an extruded material having a groove-shaped cross section, and a flat tank 23 made up of a pair of end covers 22 closing both ends thereof. The flat tank 23 is formed to be thicker than the header plate 2. With the flat tank 23, a sufficient flow path of the heat medium is secured, the flow resistance is reduced, and the flat tank 23 serves as a reinforcing material for the header plate 2, so that the deformation (bending) of the header plate 2 is suppressed. Thus, the stress at the base of the tube 14 due to the bending of the header plate 2 is reduced. In addition, since the flat tank 23 is made of a flat extruded material having a cross section formed in a groove shape, it can be manufactured with a small amount of processing of the extruded material, and is easy to manufacture and has high pressure resistance.
In the invention described in claim 8, the entire width Wc between the inner walls of the pair of side edges 20 of the flat tank 23 is formed smaller (Wh> Wc) than the entire width Wh of the tube insertion hole 2a of the header plate 2. . Thereby, the rigidity of the flat tank 23 is improved and the reinforcing effect is enhanced, so that the deformation (bending) of the header plate 2 is further suppressed, and the stress at the root of the tube 14 due to the bending of the header plate 2 is further reduced. Is done.
According to the ninth aspect of the present invention, the intermediate plate 25 is interposed between the flat tank 23 and the header plate 2, and the elongated slit 7 is formed at the same pitch as the tube insertion hole 2 a in the longitudinal direction of the intermediate plate 25. The long axis of the tube insertion hole 2a and the opening of the elongated slit 7 is formed in parallel with the width direction of the intermediate plate 25. Thereby, the flow of the heat medium between the header plate 2 and the flat tank 23 is smoothed, and the flow resistance is reduced.

FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view of the tank structure of the heat exchanger according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of an essential part showing the assembled state, in which one side is omitted.
FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along the line III-III in FIG. 2.
FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along the line IV-IV in FIG.
FIG. 5 is a front view (A) and a side view (B) of a heat exchanger having the tank structure of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a plan view (A), a side view (B), and a schematic CC sectional view (C) of the header plate 2 used in the tank structure.
FIG. 7 is a plan view of the first intermediate plate 3 used in the tank structure of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a plan view of a second intermediate plate 6 used in the tank structure.
FIG. 9 is a plan view of an end plate 4 used in the tank structure.
FIG. 10 is an exploded perspective view of the tank structure of the heat exchanger according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 11 is a plan view (A), a front view (B), and a side view (C) of the flat tank of the embodiment.
FIG. 12 is a vertical sectional view of a main part of the embodiment.

Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
This heat exchanger tank structure is suitable for large work machines used at mining sites and construction sites, or heat exchangers of large vehicles, and the internal pressure of the heat exchanger tank is relatively high. It is the most suitable structure.
As shown in FIGS. 1 to 5, the heat exchanger according to the first embodiment includes a plurality of fins 15 and tubes 14 alternately arranged in parallel to form a core 16, and a pair of tanks at upper and lower ends of the core 16. Are arranged. The tank is composed of a laminate of the end plate 4, the first intermediate plate 3, and the header plate 2. It is preferable to interpose a second intermediate plate 6 between the first intermediate plate 3 and the header plate 2.
The end plate 4, the first intermediate plate 3, and the second intermediate plate 6 are formed of flat rectangular plates, and their outer circumferences are substantially aligned.
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 6, a large number of tube insertion holes 2a are formed in the header plate 2 at regular intervals in parallel in the longitudinal direction. The long axis of the tube insertion hole 2 a is formed parallel to the width direction of the header plate 2. In this example, four rows of tube insertion holes 2a are arranged in the header plate 2 as shown in FIGS. The number of columns can be increased or decreased as needed.
As shown in FIG. 6 (C), it is preferable to form a burring portion 2b at the edge of the tube insertion hole 2a. The burring portion 2b is formed from the surface of the header plate 2 to the tube 14 (FIG. 1). The burring portion 2b can be formed by means such as press molding.
By protruding the burring portion 2b toward the tube 14 and gradually reducing the thickness of the hole edge portion from the root to the tip end as shown in FIG. 6C, a crack is not generated in the tube insertion hole 2a. , Resulting in a structure with high pressure resistance.
Next, in this example, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, a large number of slits 7 are formed in the second intermediate plate 6 at the same pitch as the tube insertion holes 2a in parallel in the longitudinal direction. . That is, the pitch of the slits 7 matches the pitch of the tube insertion holes 2a of the header plate 2. The long axis of the slit 7 is formed parallel to the width direction of the second intermediate plate 6. It is preferable that the entire length Wb of the slit 7 is formed larger than the entire width Wh of the tube insertion hole 2a (FIG. 3). As shown in FIGS. 1 and 8, when the second intermediate plate 6 has end openings 6 a at both ends in the longitudinal direction, the flow of the heat medium at that position can be made smooth. . Although only one row of the slits 7 shown in FIGS. 1, 4, and 8 is formed, two or more rows may be provided.
The thickness of the second intermediate plate 6 can be equal to or greater than the thickness of the header plate 2.
Next, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the plate thickness of the first intermediate plate 3 is formed larger than the plate thickness of the header plate 2.
The first intermediate plate 3 is entirely formed in a frame shape, and an opening hole 3a is opened along the longitudinal direction. As shown in FIG. 1, two opening holes 3a are arranged in parallel in the width direction, and a partition 3b extending in the longitudinal direction can be formed therebetween. By this partition part 3b, the brazing area between the first intermediate plate 3 and the second intermediate plate 6 is increased, and the joining strength is improved. The formation of the partition 3b is optional.
It is preferable that the entire width Wa of the opening 3a be smaller than the entire width Wh of the tube insertion hole 2a (FIG. 3).
Next, the end plate 4 is arranged on the first intermediate plate 3.
An entrance 4a is formed in an intermediate portion of the end plate 4 in the longitudinal direction. The outer periphery of the end plate 4, the first intermediate plate 3, the second intermediate plate 6, and the header plate 2 are aligned with each other, and holes 13 that are aligned with each other are formed in at least four corners and intermediate portions thereof. Then, the rivets 12 are inserted into the holes 13 in the stacked state of the plates, the ends thereof are caulked, and the plates are temporarily fixed.
A core 16 is formed by the tubes 14 and the fins 15, and both ends of each tube 14 are inserted into each tube insertion hole 2 a of the header plate 2. As shown in FIG. 3, the distal end of each tube is inserted so as not to protrude from each slit 7 of the second intermediate plate 6.
The end of the pipe 8 shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 is inserted into the entrance 4a of the end plate 4, and the opening end face of the pipe 8 is seated on the plane of the first intermediate plate 3 as shown in FIG. . Further, a plurality of brackets 11 are arranged on the end plate 4.
Each component assembled in this way has at least one outer surface of each component coated or coated with a brazing material. Then, these assemblies are inserted into a high-temperature furnace, and the whole is brazed and fixed together.
The burring portion 2b of each tube insertion hole 2a is formed on the tube 14 side, the distal end of the tube 14 is inserted therein, and the tube 14 and the burring portion 2b are opened with the opening edge of the tube 14 expanded. Can be brazed together.
As shown in FIG. 5, a pair of support pins 17 can be joined to the lower end of the heat exchanger. The tip of the support pin 17 is held on a support table in an engine room of a construction machine or the like (not shown).
Next, FIGS. 10 to 12 show a second embodiment of the present invention.
This example is different from the above-described embodiment in that, instead of the first intermediate plate 3 and the end plate 4 of the above-described embodiment, a tank main body 23a made of an extruded aluminum material and a side lid 22 closing both sides thereof are provided. The flat tank 23 is used. That is, in this example, the flat tank 23 has a flat top surface 19, and a tank body 23a made of an extruded material having a groove-like cross section having a pair of side edges 20 that are lowered from the edge thereof. It comprises a pair of side lids 22 closing both ends. The side edge 20 of the tank body 23a is formed in an L-shape in cross section, and has a flange portion whose tip projects outward.
An entrance 21 for pipe attachment can be formed on the top surface 19 of the tank body 23a. An intermediate rib 24 extending in the longitudinal direction can be formed at an intermediate position in the width direction inside the top surface 19 of the tank body 23a. Thereby, the strength of the flat tank 23 is increased, and a heat exchanger with higher pressure resistance is obtained. Further, since the end face of the pipe 8 is seated on the intermediate rib 24, the positioning of the pipe 8 is facilitated, and the fixing of the pipe 8 is strengthened.
Side lids 22 matching the cross section of the extruded material are arranged at both ends in the longitudinal direction of the tank body 23a made of the extruded material. At this time, a positioning part 26 formed by pressing halfway is provided on the inner surface side of the top surface 19 of the tank body 23a, and the side lid 22 can be brought into contact therewith. The end cover 22, the tank main body 23a, and the intermediate plate 25 can be connected by welding after brazing of each component. Similarly, the pipe mounting port 21 and the pipe 8 can be connected by welding.
The plate thickness of the flat tank 23 is formed larger than the plate thickness of the header plate 2. The outer peripheries of the end surfaces of the pair of side edges 20 of the flat tank 23 are aligned with the outer perimeter of the header plate 2. At this time, the entire width Wc between the inner walls of the pair of side edges 20 of the flat tank 23 (see FIG. 10) is formed so as to be smaller than the entire width Wh of the tube insertion hole 2a of the header plate 2 (Wh> Wc). ing.
Then, the end face of the side edge 20 of the flat tank 23 and the header plate 2 are integrally brazed and joined in the thickness direction. At this time, as shown in FIG. 12, it is preferable to braze and join them via an intermediate plate 25 therebetween.
The intermediate plate 25 is provided with elongated slits 7 arranged in parallel at the same pitch in the longitudinal direction (FIG. 10). This intermediate plate 25 corresponds to the second intermediate plate 6 of the first embodiment (the formation of the end opening 6a is optional). The long axis of the flat tube insertion hole 2 a and the long axis of the opening of the elongated slit 7 are formed parallel to the width direction of the intermediate plate 25. The slit 7 is formed so that the entire length Wb thereof is longer than the entire width Wh of the tube insertion hole 2a (Wb> Wh).
Such a flat tank 23 can be manufactured with a small processing of a tank body 23a made of extruded material and a pair of end covers 22, and the flat tank 23 secures a sufficient flow path of the heat medium, and a flow resistance. Is reduced. Furthermore, since the flat tank 23 serves as a reinforcing material for the header plate 2 and the deformation (bending) of the header plate 2 is suppressed, the stress at the root of the tube 14 due to the bending of the header plate 2 is reduced.

The present invention can be applied to a heat exchanger such as an oil cooler or an air cooler through which a heat medium having a high internal pressure flows.

2 header plate 2a tube insertion hole 2b burring portion 3 first intermediate plate

3a opening hole

3b partitioning portion 4 end plate 4a doorway 6 second intermediate plate 6a end opening 7 slit 8 pipe 8a flange 11 bracket 12 rivet 13 hole 14 Tube 15 Fin 16 Core 17 Support pin 19 Top surface 20 Side edge 21 Doorway 22 Side cover 23 Flat tank 23a Tank body 24 Intermediate rib 25 Intermediate plate 26 Positioning part 27 Welding part Wa Full width Wb Full length Wc Full width Wh Full width

Claims

A header plate (2) in which a number of tube insertion holes (2a) are arranged in parallel,
A first intermediate plate (3) having a heat medium flow path opened in the thickness direction by the plate thickness,
An end plate (4) covering the outside of the first intermediate plate (3);
A large number of tubes (14) each having an end inserted into each tube insertion hole (2a) of the header plate (2),
The first intermediate plate (3) and the end plate (4) are formed in a flat plate shape,
The header plate (2), the first intermediate plate (3), and the end plate (4) are integrally brazed and joined in the thickness direction, and are connected to the ends of the multiple tubes (14). The header plate (2) is brazed and joined,
The tank structure of the heat exchanger, wherein the plate thickness of the first intermediate plate (3) is larger than the plate thickness of the header plate (2).
The outer periphery of the header plate (2), the first intermediate plate (3) and the end plate (4) is formed in a flat rectangular shape substantially matching,
The first intermediate plate (3) has a flat frame-shaped opening (3a), and the entire width (Wa) of the opening (3a) of the first intermediate plate (3) is equal to that of the header plate (2). 2) The tank structure of the heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein the width is smaller than the entire width (Wh) of the tube insertion hole (2a).
A planar intermediate second plate (6) interposed between the header plate (2) and the first intermediate plate (3);
In the second intermediate plate (6), a number of slits (7) are opened in the thickness direction to form a flow path,
The header plate (2), the first intermediate plate (3), the second intermediate plate (6), and the end plate (4) are integrally brazed and joined in a thickness direction. The heat exchanger tank structure according to claim 1 or 2.
A flat tube insertion hole (2a) is formed in the header plate (2) at regular intervals in the longitudinal direction of the header plate (2).
An elongated slit (7) is formed in the second intermediate plate (6) at the same pitch as the tube insertion hole (2a) in the longitudinal direction of the second intermediate plate (6);
The tank structure of the heat exchanger according to claim 3, wherein the long axes of the flat tube insertion holes (2a) and the openings of the elongated slits (7) are formed parallel to the width direction of each plate.
A plurality of tube insertion holes (2a) are arranged apart from each other in the width direction of the header plate (2),
The tank structure of the heat exchanger according to claim 3 or 4, wherein a total length (Wb) in a width direction of the slit (7) is formed longer than a total width (Wh) of the tube insertion hole (2a).
An entrance / exit (4a) for a heat medium is opened in a plane of the end plate (4),
An end of a heat medium pipe (8) is inserted through the entrance (4a), and an end face of the pipe (8) is seated and fixed on a plane of the first intermediate plate (3). 2. The tank structure of the heat exchanger according to 1.
A header plate (2) in which a number of tube insertion holes (2a) are arranged in parallel,
A number of tubes (14) each having an end inserted into each tube insertion hole (2a) of the header plate (2);
A tank body (23a) made of a flat extruded material having a groove-like cross section formed by a flat top surface (19) and a pair of side edges (20) lowered from the edge thereof; A flat tank (23) having a side lid (22) for closing both longitudinal ends of the tank body (23a);
Has,
The end faces of the pair of side edges (20) of the flat tank (23) and the header plate (2) are integrally brazed and joined in the thickness direction.
A tank structure for a heat exchanger, wherein the plate thickness of the flat tank (23) is larger than the plate thickness of the header plate (2).
The header plate (2) and the flat tank (23) are formed in a flat rectangular shape in which outer peripheries are substantially aligned,
The entire width (Wc) between the inner walls of the pair of side edges (20) of the flat tank (23) is smaller than the entire width (Wh) of the tube insertion hole (2a) of the header plate (2). The tank structure of the described heat exchanger.
An intermediate plate (25) is interposed between the flat tank (23) and the header plate (2), and an elongated slit (7) is formed in the longitudinal direction of the intermediate plate (25) with the tube insertion hole (2a). Drilled at the same pitch,
9. The flat tube insertion hole (2a) and the long axis of the opening of the elongated slit (7) are formed so as to be positioned parallel to the width direction of the intermediate plate (25). The tank structure of the heat exchanger according to 1.