WO2020001511A1

WO2020001511A1 - Energy storage unit

Info

Publication number: WO2020001511A1
Application number: PCT/CN2019/093134
Authority: WO
Inventors: 孟娣; 丁玉龙; 聂彬剑; 张贝; 王蒙; 胡晓微; 田澎; 刘顺潮; 李春海
Original assignee: 中车石家庄车辆有限公司
Priority date: 2018-06-29
Filing date: 2019-06-26
Publication date: 2020-01-02
Also published as: CN109099739A

Abstract

Provided is an energy storage unit comprising a housing (111), a phase change material, and a heat exchanger (112). The interior of the housing (111) defines a space for accommodating the phase change material. The heat exchanger (112) is provided to exchange heat with the phase change material. The heat exchanger (112) comprises at least a group of heat exchange units, wherein the cross-section of the heat exchange unit comprises a circular portion (1122) and a multiple spreading lines portion (1121) around the circle. The energy storage unit having the heat exchange unit expedites the cold-accumulation process of the phase change material inside the energy storage unit and can realize rapid cold charging of the energy storage unit.

Description

Energy storage unit

Technical field

The present invention relates to a cold chain transportation system, and in particular, to an energy storage unit capable of providing cold energy to a storage and transportation device.

Background technique

Fresh products such as vegetables and fruits, processed foods such as frozen foods and dairy products, and various types of injections, medicaments, vaccines and other pharmaceutical products should always be in the specified temperature environment during production, storage, transportation, and sales, and in all links before consumption. The storage and transportation of these items must rely on special equipment, and the temperature maintained in the special equipment varies with the types of items being transported. The temperature range provided by refrigerated transportation equipment is -18 ° C to -22 ° C, the temperature range provided by refrigerated transportation equipment is 0 ° C to 7 ° C, and the temperature range provided by constant temperature transportation equipment is 18 ° C to 22 ° C.

In order to maintain the temperature in the thermal insulation transportation equipment within a predetermined constant range, the thermal insulation equipment must have a special structural design. Patent KR200231247Y1 discloses a refrigeration system using phase change materials. The refrigeration system includes a cold chain transport vehicle and a cooling and cooling device independent of the cold chain transport vehicle. The cold chain transport vehicle has an energy storage device. A heat exchanger and a heat exchanger are provided in the energy storage device. Phase change material, external charge and cool equipment charge and cool the energy storage device. However, the phase change material of the patented energy storage device has a poor cold storage effect.

Summary of the invention

The main object of the present invention is to provide an energy storage unit, which can accelerate the cold storage process of phase change materials.

In order to achieve the above object, according to an aspect of the present invention, an energy storage unit is provided, which includes a casing, a phase change material, and a heat exchanger. The interior of the casing defines a space for accommodating the phase change material. The heat exchange with the phase change material is characterized in that the heat exchanger includes at least one group of heat exchange units, and the cross section of the heat exchange unit includes at least one circular portion and a plurality of scattering line portions respectively disposed around the circular portion.

The following is a further optimization of the above solution by the present invention:

Further, the scattered-ray portion is distributed over the entire circumference of the circular portion.

Further, the scattering line portion is arranged to extend radially at least partially from the circular portion.

Further, the scattering line part is a straight line or a bent line, and the bent line is an arc line or a folded line.

Further, the heat exchanger includes a plurality of groups of heat exchange units, the scattering line portion includes a first scattering line portion, and the first scattering line portions of adjacent heat exchange units are connected to each other.

Further, the scattering line portion includes a second scattering line portion, and the second scattering line portion is configured to support the circular portion on the one hand and be carried on the housing on the other hand.

Further, the cross section of the heat exchange unit includes a plurality of circular portions, and first scattering line portions of adjacent circular portions are connected to each other.

Further, the heat exchange unit includes a heat exchange body and a heat exchange reinforcing portion, a cross section of the heat exchange body is a circular portion, and a cross section of the heat exchange reinforcing portion is a scattering line portion.

Further, the heat exchange reinforcing portion increases a contact area between the phase change material and the heat exchanger, and is disposed around the heat exchange body. Increasing the contact area between the phase change material and the heat exchanger can accelerate the cold storage of the phase change material.

Further, the heat exchange body includes a plurality of tube portions connected in sequence, the heat exchange reinforcement portion includes a heat exchange reinforcement unit for each tube portion, and adjacent heat exchange reinforcement units are at least partially thermally conductively connected to each other.

Further, the heat exchange body is configured as a bent tube, the bent tube includes one or more U-shaped bends, the plurality of tube portions are straight tube portions of the bent tube, and the plurality of tube portions are connected by the U-shaped portion.

According to another aspect of the present invention, a cold chain container is provided. The cold chain container includes a box body and at least one energy storage unit disposed in the box body. The energy storage unit is an energy storage unit of any one of the solutions described above.

According to another aspect of the present invention, a cold chain transport vehicle is provided. The cold chain transport vehicle includes a frame and a vehicle body disposed on the frame. The vehicle body is provided with at least one energy storage unit, and the energy storage unit is the above. The energy storage unit of any scheme is described. The energy storage unit is used for the cold chain transport vehicle, which separates the charging and cooling device from the cold chain transport vehicle, reduces the failure rate of the cold chain transport vehicle during transportation, and can also facilitate maintenance.

According to another aspect of the present invention, a mobile cold storage is provided. The mobile cold storage includes a tray and a heat preservation storage body provided on the tray. At least one energy storage unit is disposed in the heat insulation storage body, and the energy storage unit is any of the solutions described above. Energy storage unit. The energy storage unit is used in a mobile cold storage, which separates the charging and cooling device from the mobile cold storage, and does not need to provide additional cooling power. It is convenient for the mobile cold storage to be installed near communities, supermarkets and other living areas.

According to another aspect of the present invention, a refrigerator is provided. The refrigerator includes a cabinet and at least one energy storage unit disposed in the cabinet. Energy storage unit The energy storage unit of any of the schemes described above. The energy storage unit is used in a refrigerator, which improves the cooling effect of the refrigerator, and meets the transportation needs of goods while facilitating transportation.

Applying the technical solution of the present invention, an energy storage unit having a heat exchange unit is provided to realize rapid cold storage of phase change materials in the energy storage unit, and the energy storage unit can be applied to cold chain containers, cold chain transport vehicles, Mobile freezer or freezer.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The accompanying drawings, which form a part of the present invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The schematic embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention, and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present invention. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a cold chain container according to the present invention;

2 is a schematic structural diagram of the top of a cold chain container according to the present invention;

3 is a schematic structural diagram of an end portion of a cold chain container according to the present invention;

4 is an isometric view of an energy storage unit according to the present invention;

5 is a schematic structural diagram of an energy storage unit according to the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a sectional view taken along A-A of Fig. 5 according to the present invention;

7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a heat exchange fin with a clip structure according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a heat exchange fin in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

9 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a heat exchange fin in Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

10 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a heat exchange fin in Embodiment 4 of the present invention;

11 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a heat exchange fin in Embodiment 5 of the present invention;

12 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a heat exchange fin in a sixth embodiment of the present invention.

The above drawings include the following reference signs:

1: cold chain container;

11: top energy storage board, 12: end energy storage board, 13: first cold charging tube, 14: second cold charging tube;

111: shell, 112: heat exchanger, 113: radiating fins;

1121: scattering line portion, 1122: round portion, 1123: first heat exchange unit, 1124: second heat exchange unit;

11211: first fin, 11212: second fin, 11213: third fin, 11221: first tube portion, 11222: second tube portion, 11223: third tube portion, 11224: fourth tube portion;

a: cold liquid inlet, b: cold liquid inlet, X: radial direction.

detailed description

It should be noted that, in the case of no conflict, the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and embodiments.

The following further describes the present application in detail with reference to specific embodiments, which cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection claimed by the present application. The term "comprising" when used indicates the presence of a feature, but does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features.

The energy storage unit in the present invention is used in a cold chain transportation system. The energy storage unit adopts passive refrigeration technology to provide cold capacity for cold chain transportation to meet the temperature required for its cargo transportation. The energy storage unit can be used in cold chain containers 1 , Cold chain transport vehicle, mobile cold storage or freezer.

As shown in Figure 1-3, the energy storage unit is used in the cold chain container 1. The temperature inside the cold chain container 1 needs to be maintained within a predetermined temperature range. Based on the above requirements, the cold chain container 1 includes insulation for storing items. Box, top energy storage panel group that releases cold energy, end energy storage panel group, first charging and cooling pipe 13 and second charging and cooling pipe 14, top energy storage group and end energy storage plate group are arranged in a cold chain container The top and end fixing brackets of 1 are arranged adjacent to each other and side by side. The fixed bracket is designed with embedded ribs that can simultaneously increase the strength of the cold chain container 1 box. The top energy storage plate group includes nine top energy storage plates 11, and the end energy storage plate includes one end energy storage plate 12, and the top energy storage plate 11, end energy storage plates 12 contain phase change materials, phase change materials inside. The density of cold storage is large, the release energy is uniform and isothermal, the cold quantity is continuously and evenly released, and the temperature is automatically adjusted to keep the ambient temperature constant near the phase change point temperature of the phase change material, and maintain the refrigerated or frozen environment in the box. After a certain time, it needs to be supplemented with cold energy. The first cold-charging tube 13 and the second cold-charging tube 14 receive the cold carrier liquid from the cold-charge equipment and deliver the cold carrier liquid to the top energy storage plate 11 and the end energy storage plate 12. The cold carrier liquid flowing in the first cold-charging tube 13 and the second cold-charging tube 14 performs heat exchange with the phase change material in the top energy storage plate 11 and the end energy storage plate 12 to cause a phase change in the phase change material. The cold capacity is stored in the phase change material. The structure of the top energy storage plate 11 and the end energy storage plate 12 are the same. The following uses the energy storage plate 11 as an example to describe the internal structure of the energy storage plate.

As shown in Figure 4-6, the energy storage plate 11 includes a casing 111, a phase change material, and a heat exchanger 112. The interior of the casing defines a space for accommodating the phase change material. The heat exchanger 112 is used to cool the cooling liquid. The heat exchanger 112 includes at least one set of heat exchange units. The cross section of the heat exchange unit includes at least one circular portion 1122 and a plurality of scattering line portions 1121 disposed around the circular portion 1122. The scattering line portion 1121 is distributed over the entire circumference of the circular portion 1122. The scattering line portion 1121 increases the contact area between the phase change material and the heat exchanger 112. The scattering line portion 1121 is provided to extend radially at least partially from the circular portion 1122, which is a straight line or a bent line, and the bent line may be an arc line or a folded line. The scattering line portion 1121 includes a first scattering line portion 11211, a second scattering line portion 11212, and a third scattering line portion 1113. Multiple sets of heat exchange units of the heat exchanger 112 are connected to each other through the first scattering line portion 11211 of the adjacent heat exchange unit; the second scattering line portion 11212 of the scattering line portion 1121 is arranged to support the circular portion 1122 on the one hand, On the other hand, it is carried on the casing 111; the third scattering line portion 1113 of the scattering line portion 1121 further increases the contact area of the phase change material and the heat exchanger 112. The cross section of the heat exchange unit includes a plurality of circular portions, and the first scattering line portions 11211 of adjacent circular portions are connected to each other.

A plurality of circular portions 1122 are cross sections of the heat exchange body 1122 in the heat exchanger 112, and a plurality of scattering line portions 1121 around the circle are cross sections of the heat exchange reinforcing portion 1121 provided outside the heat exchange body 1122. A heat exchange strengthening portion 1121 is provided outside the body 1122, and a heat exchange strengthening portion provided corresponding to a tube portion is defined as a heat exchange strengthening unit.

As shown in FIG. 7, each heat exchange strengthening unit includes three kinds of fins: a first fin 11211 corresponding to a first scattering line portion 11211; a second fin 11212 corresponding to a second scattering line portion 11212; a third The fin 11213 corresponds to the third scattering line portion 11213.

As shown in Figure 4-5, the housing 111 is made of a metal material with good thermal conductivity and rigidity. The housing 111 can be a flat plate structure. The outer surface is at least partially provided with heat dissipation fins 113, which are enlarged. The contact area between the energy storage plate 11 and the storage space in the thermal insulation box of the cold chain container 1 is beneficial to the uniform release of cold energy, and the heat radiation fins 113 constitute a heat radiation reinforcement portion. The shell can also adopt a curved plate structure, which also increases the heat exchange contact area between the shell and the external space in the main body of the thermal insulation box, which is conducive to the uniform release of cold energy. At least one surface of the shell is provided in the form of a curved plate, and the surface structure may be a rib structure, a wave-shaped structure, or other structures with alternating protrusions and grooves.

The heat exchanger 112 is immersed in the phase change material and can cool the phase change material. Of course, according to actual needs, the heat exchanger 112 can optionally heat the phase change material. The heat exchanger 112 has a heat exchange body 1122, and each heat exchange body 1122 has a cold carrier liquid inlet and a cold carrier liquid outlet. The heat exchange body 1122 includes one or more U-shaped bends, and a cold carrier fluid flows through the heat exchange body 1122 while performing heat transfer with the phase change material. In order to promote the heat exchange between the cold carrier liquid and the phase change material, a heat exchange strengthening portion 1121 is provided outside the heat exchange body 1122, and the heat exchange body 1122 and the heat exchange strengthening portion 1121 form a heat exchange unit.

As shown in FIG. 4-7, the heat exchange body 1122 is a bent tube, which has two U-shaped bends, and two U-shaped elbows on both sides connect four straight pipe parts: the first The pipe section 11221, the second pipe section 11222, the third pipe section 11223, and the fourth pipe section 11224. The first pipe section 11221 is connected to the cold liquid inlet a of the energy storage plate 11, and the fourth pipe section 11224 is connected to the The cold carrier liquid outlet b is connected. The cold carrier liquid enters the first pipe portion 11221 from the inlet, flows through the four pipe portions in sequence, and flows out from the cold carrier liquid outlet b. These four tube portions abut in the radial direction, and this direction is defined as the abutment direction X of the tube portions. A heat exchange strengthening portion 1121 is provided outside the heat exchange body 1122, and a heat exchange strengthening portion provided corresponding to a tube portion is defined as a heat exchange strengthening unit.

In the first embodiment, each heat exchange strengthening unit includes three kinds of heat exchange fins: a first fin 11211, a second fin 11212, and a third fin 1113. The fins are arranged to extend radially outward from the tube portion. Linear or arc-shaped fins, the fins extending over the entire axial length of the tube portion, and adjacent fins of adjacent tube portions are at least partially thermally connected to each other. The first fin 11211 extends in the adjacent direction X of the tube portion, and the second fin 11212 extends in the vertical direction of the tube portion abutment direction X, and further includes a direction between the adjacent direction of the tube portion and the vertical direction of the adjacent direction.上 Extending the third fin 11213. The fins are arranged around the tube portion. When viewed in any radial section of the tube portion, the fins form a sunflower pattern around the tube portion. Each tube portion includes two second fins 11212, and the second fins 11212 can be extended to abut the inner surface of the casing 111 to become a ceiling mode, thereby supporting the bent pipe 1122. Each tube portion includes two first fins 11211. One of the first fins 11211 has a groove structure, and the other of the first fins 11211 has a protrusion. The first tube portion 11221 has a first fin 11211 with a groove structure. The first fin 11211 having a convex structure and the second tube portion 11222 are connected together through protrusions and grooves to become a hand-in-hand mode to maximize the heat exchange area of the heat exchanger 112 and the phase change material. To achieve the ideal cooling effect. The second pipe part 11222 adopts the same connection method as the third pipe part 11223, the third pipe part 11223, and the fourth pipe part 11224. The first fin 11211 between the first tube portion 11221 and the casing may extend all the way to the inner surface of the casing 222 to support the bent tube 1122. Of course, the first fin 11211 may not extend to the inner surface of the casing 111.

The heat exchange fins of the heat exchange strengthening unit can adopt other structural forms, such as linear or arc fins, the specific form is shown in Figure 8-12, as long as the contact area of the phase change material and the heat exchanger is increased Just fine. 8-12 are schematic sectional views of heat exchange fins in the second to sixth embodiments of the present invention. The fins may extend at least partially radially outward from the heat exchange body, or at least partially extend axially from the heat exchange body, or be distributed at different axial positions of the heat exchange body, or spirally The mode is coiled around the heat exchange body.

The heat exchanger 112 may have multiple heat exchange units. In the first embodiment, one heat exchanger has two heat exchange units, a first heat exchange unit 1123 and a second heat exchange unit 1124. The first heat exchange unit 1123 and The second heat exchange unit 1124 abuts in the radial direction X of the pipe portion, and the first fin 11211 of the fourth pipe portion 11224 of the first heat exchange unit 1123 and the first fin of the first pipe portion 11221 of the second heat exchange unit 1124 A fin 11211 is connected together by protrusions and grooves, and the two heat exchange units become a hand-in-hand mode as a whole. The first fin 11211 between the fourth tube portion 11224 of the second heat exchange unit 1124 and the casing 111 may extend all the way to the inner surface of the casing 111 to support the bent tube 1122. Of course, the first fin 11211 may not It extends to the inner surface of the casing 111.

In order to accelerate the phase change of the phase change material, the fins can be manufactured with rough surfaces or through holes can be provided. In addition, the shell may also be filled with crystal nuclei, and the crystal nuclei are preferably a honeycomb substance, such as honeycomb aluminum.

The above energy storage unit adopts passive refrigeration technology, which solves the technical barriers to energy supply during the cold chain transportation process. No external energy is required in the process, and the operating safety is significantly improved. Decrease the rate of cargo corruption, effectively guarantee the quality of the cargo. At the same time, it reduces transportation costs and facilitates maintenance. And the use of phase change materials has a large cold storage density, high latent heat value, non-toxic, non-corrosive, non-polluting, non-flammable and explosive, stable cycle performance, and long service life.

The energy storage unit in the present invention can be used in cold chain containers, cold chain transport vehicles, mobile cold storages or refrigerators, can realize railway transportation, road transportation, and can also be applied to the same city distribution. For fresh food, agricultural products, medicine, flowers and other fresh materials in urban areas, different storage and transportation methods can be adapted according to demand.

The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and changes. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

An energy storage unit includes a casing (111), a phase change material, and a heat exchanger (112). The interior of the casing (111) defines a space for accommodating the phase change material, and the heat exchanger (112) is provided. For exchanging heat with the phase change material, the heat exchanger (112) includes at least one set of heat exchange units, and the cross section of the heat exchange unit includes at least one circular portion (1122) and A plurality of scattering line portions (1121) are respectively provided around the circular portion (1122).
The energy storage unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the scattering line portions (1121) are distributed and arranged on the entire circumference of the circular portion (1122).
The energy storage unit according to claim 1, wherein the scattering line portion (1121) is arranged to extend radially at least partially from the circular portion (1122).
The energy storage unit according to claim 1, wherein the scattering line portion (1121) is a straight line or a bending line, and the bending line is an arc line or a folding line.
The energy storage unit according to claim 1, wherein the heat exchanger (112) includes a plurality of groups of heat exchange units, and the scattering line portion (1121) includes a first scattering line portion (11211), which are adjacent to each other. The first scattering line portions (11211) of the heat exchange unit are connected to each other.
The energy storage unit according to claim 1, wherein the scattering line portion (1121) comprises a second scattering line portion (11212), and the second scattering line portion (11212) is configured to support the one hand The circular portion (1122), on the other hand, is carried on the casing (111).
The energy storage unit according to claim 1, wherein a cross section of the heat exchange unit includes a plurality of circular portions, and first scattering line portions (11211) of the adjacent circular portions are connected to each other.
The energy storage unit according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the heat exchange unit includes a heat exchange body and a heat exchange reinforcement, and a cross section of the heat exchange body is the circular portion. (1122), a cross section of the heat exchange reinforcing portion is the scattering line portion (1121).
The energy storage unit according to claim 8, wherein the heat exchange reinforcing portion increases a contact area between the phase change material and a heat exchanger, and is disposed around the heat exchange body.
The energy storage unit according to claim 9, wherein the heat exchange body comprises a plurality of tube portions connected in sequence, and the heat exchange reinforcement portion includes a heat exchange reinforcement unit for each of the tube portions. Adjacent said heat exchange strengthening units are at least partially thermally connected to each other.
The energy storage unit according to claim 10, wherein the heat exchange body is provided as a bent tube, the bent tube includes one or more U-shaped bends, and the plurality of tube portions (11221, 11222, 11223, 11224) are straight pipe portions of the bent pipe, and the plurality of pipe portions (11221, 11222, 11223, 11224) are connected by a U-shaped portion.
A cold chain container comprising a box body and at least one energy storage unit provided in the box body, wherein the energy storage unit is any one of claims 1-11. Energy storage unit.
A cold chain transport vehicle includes a frame and a vehicle body disposed on the frame. The vehicle body is provided with at least one energy storage unit, wherein the energy storage unit is The energy storage unit according to any one of claims 1-11.
A mobile cold storage includes a chassis and a heat preservation storage body provided on the chassis. The heat preservation storage body is provided with at least one energy storage unit, wherein the energy storage unit is according to claim 1- The energy storage unit according to any one of 11.
A refrigerator includes a cabinet and at least one energy storage unit disposed in the cabinet, wherein the energy storage unit is the energy storage unit according to any one of claims 1-11.