WO2020001472A1 - Heat preservation transportation system - Google Patents

Heat preservation transportation system Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020001472A1
WO2020001472A1 PCT/CN2019/092994 CN2019092994W WO2020001472A1 WO 2020001472 A1 WO2020001472 A1 WO 2020001472A1 CN 2019092994 W CN2019092994 W CN 2019092994W WO 2020001472 A1 WO2020001472 A1 WO 2020001472A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cooling
thermal insulation
heat exchange
equipment
transportation system
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2019/092994
Other languages
French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
丁玉龙
童山虎
聂彬剑
田澎
廖良金
张贝
孟娣
胡宏利
李子潇
Original Assignee
中车石家庄车辆有限公司
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 中车石家庄车辆有限公司 filed Critical 中车石家庄车辆有限公司
Publication of WO2020001472A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020001472A1/en

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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65DCONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D81/00Containers, packaging elements, or packages, for contents presenting particular transport or storage problems, or adapted to be used for non-packaging purposes after removal of contents
    • B65D81/18Containers, packaging elements, or packages, for contents presenting particular transport or storage problems, or adapted to be used for non-packaging purposes after removal of contents providing specific environment for contents, e.g. temperature above or below ambient
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65DCONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D81/00Containers, packaging elements, or packages, for contents presenting particular transport or storage problems, or adapted to be used for non-packaging purposes after removal of contents
    • B65D81/38Containers, packaging elements, or packages, for contents presenting particular transport or storage problems, or adapted to be used for non-packaging purposes after removal of contents with thermal insulation
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65DCONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D85/00Containers, packaging elements or packages, specially adapted for particular articles or materials
    • B65D85/50Containers, packaging elements or packages, specially adapted for particular articles or materials for living organisms, articles or materials sensitive to changes of environment or atmospheric conditions, e.g. land animals, birds, fish, water plants, non-aquatic plants, flower bulbs, cut flowers or foliage
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28DHEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D20/00Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
    • F28D20/02Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using latent heat
    • F28D20/021Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using latent heat the latent heat storage material and the heat-exchanging means being enclosed in one container
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/14Thermal energy storage

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a heat preservation storage and transportation system, in particular to a passive filling type heat preservation storage and transportation system.
  • Fresh products such as vegetables and fruits, processed foods such as frozen foods and dairy products, and various types of injections, medicaments, vaccines and other pharmaceutical products should always be in the specified temperature environment during production, storage, transportation, and sales, and in all links before consumption.
  • the storage and transportation of these items must rely on special equipment, and the temperature maintained in the special equipment varies with the types of items being transported.
  • the temperature range provided by refrigerated transportation equipment is -18 ° C to -22 ° C
  • the temperature range provided by refrigerated transportation equipment is 0 ° C to 7 ° C
  • the temperature range provided by constant temperature transportation equipment is 18 ° C to 22 ° C.
  • Patent application CN200910145782.7 discloses a filling-type low-temperature logistics system, which includes low-temperature logistics vehicles traveling in various places and filling stations located in different places. The low-temperature logistics vehicles are pre-filled with the cooling circulating fluid in the cold storage tank, and the cooling circulating fluid is used to bypass the low-temperature carriage A cooling effect is produced.
  • the low-temperature logistics system uses a cooling circulating liquid to release the amount of cold, the circulating liquid temperature fluctuates greatly, the temperature control is not accurate, the use cycle is short, and it is not suitable for long-distance transportation of items.
  • the main object of the present invention is to provide a heat preservation storage and transportation system.
  • the heat preservation equipment of the heat preservation storage and transportation system releases cold uniformly, has a small temperature fluctuation, accurate temperature control, and effectively guarantees the quality of the goods.
  • the heat preservation storage and transportation system also exists Information system with functions such as condition monitoring, path planning and settlement payment.
  • a heat preservation transportation system including:
  • Thermal insulation equipment energy storage device is set inside the thermal insulation equipment
  • the energy storage device includes: a casing, which defines a space for accommodating the phase change material; a heat exchanger, which is disposed in the space and is used for heat exchange with the phase change material.
  • the thermal insulation equipment includes at least one energy storage device.
  • the energy storage device is disposed on the top and / or the side of the thermal insulation equipment.
  • the heat exchanger includes at least one group of heat exchange units, and the heat exchange unit includes a heat exchange body and a heat exchange reinforcement part, and the heat exchange reinforcement part strengthens heat conduction between the phase change material and the heat exchange body.
  • the heat exchange reinforcing portion increases a contact area between the phase change material and the heat exchanger, and is disposed around the heat exchange body.
  • the heat exchange reinforcing portion is provided to extend at least partially radially outward from the heat exchange body.
  • the heat exchange reinforcing portion is provided to extend at least partially axially from the heat exchange body.
  • the heat exchange reinforcing part supports the heat exchange body and is carried on a surface of the shell facing the phase change material.
  • the heat exchange body includes a plurality of tube portions connected in sequence
  • the heat exchange reinforcement portion includes a heat exchange reinforcement unit for each tube portion
  • adjacent heat exchange reinforcement units are at least partially thermally conductively connected to each other.
  • the heat exchange body is configured as a bent tube, the bent tube includes one or more U-shaped bends, the plurality of tube portions are straight tube portions of the U-shaped bent tube, and the plurality of tube portions are connected by the U-shaped tube.
  • the heat exchange enhancement unit includes a plurality of heat exchange fins.
  • the energy storage device includes multiple groups of heat exchange units, and adjacent heat exchange units are thermally conductively connected.
  • adjacent heat exchange reinforcing units of adjacent heat exchange units are at least partially thermally connected to each other.
  • a crystal nucleus for accelerating the phase change of the phase change material is also provided in the housing of the energy storage device.
  • the cooling and cooling equipment includes a first transmission device, a storage device, and a second transmission device.
  • the storage device includes a first storage unit and a second storage unit.
  • the first storage unit is configured to accommodate a cold carrier medium that meets predetermined requirements.
  • the second storage unit is configured to accommodate the cooling medium to be cooled, and the first transmission device outputs the cooling medium that meets the predetermined requirements from the first storage unit for use, and transfers the used cooling medium to be cooled to the second
  • the storage unit and the second transmission device receive the cold carrier medium to be cooled from the second storage unit and transmit the cooled cold carrier medium that meets the predetermined requirements to the first storage unit.
  • the charging and cooling equipment charges and cools the energy storage device while refrigerating the cold medium to be cooled.
  • the charging and cooling device charges and cools the energy storage device after the cooling and cooling medium to be cooled becomes a cooling medium that meets predetermined requirements.
  • control system includes an information acquisition module and a central processing unit, wherein the information acquisition module acquires the status data and position data of the thermal insulation equipment and the cooling and cooling equipment, and sends the status data and position data to the central processing unit.
  • the central processing unit is configured to obtain planning data of the thermal insulation equipment and / or the cooling and cooling equipment during transportation based on at least the status data and the location data.
  • the planning data includes one or more of charge and cold time data, charge and cold position data, and charge and cold volume data of the cooling and cooling equipment charging and cooling the thermal insulation equipment.
  • the status data includes one or more of temperature data, humidity data, and cooling capacity data of the thermal insulation equipment, and temperature data, flow data, and cooling capacity data of the cooling and cooling equipment.
  • the position data includes one or more of the position data of the heat preservation equipment and the position data of the cooling and cooling equipment.
  • the thermal insulation equipment is a container, a freezer, a cold storage or a transport vehicle.
  • the cooling and cooling equipment is a cooling and cooling container, a refrigerated truck, a cooling and cooling pile or a cooling and cooling station.
  • the phase change energy storage device is used for temperature control, so that the thermal insulation equipment can release the cold uniformly, the temperature fluctuation is small, the temperature control is accurate, and the quality of the goods is effectively guaranteed. Further, the insulation equipment is convenient for charging and cooling, and through the information system, functions such as status monitoring, path planning, and settlement and payment are realized.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a thermal storage and transportation system of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the interior of the thermal insulation device of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the distribution of internal energy storage devices and pipelines of the thermal insulation equipment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an energy storage device according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along A-A in FIG. 4;
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a heat exchanger of an energy storage device in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a heat exchanger of an energy storage device in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a heat exchanger of an energy storage device in Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a heat exchanger of an energy storage device in Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a heat exchanger of an energy storage device in Embodiment 5 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a heat exchanger of an energy storage device in Embodiment 6 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a cooling and cooling container of the present invention.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of a heat preservation water tank of a cold storage container according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of the cooling and cooling container of the present invention.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of a thermal insulation transport vehicle according to the present invention.
  • Insulation equipment 1 cooling and cooling equipment 2, information control system 3,
  • Housing 121 phase change material 122, heat exchanger 123, heat sink fins 124, bent tubes 125, fins 126, honeycomb aluminum 127,
  • First heat exchange unit 1231 second heat exchange unit 1232,
  • Outer circulation pump 21 outer circulation pipeline 22, heat preservation water tank 23, inner circulation pump 24, inner circulation pipeline 25, refrigeration unit 26,
  • the low-temperature storage and transportation system of the present invention is a multimodal cold chain transportation system based on phase change energy storage technology, and is used to transport frozen, chilled or biological products that require storage environment temperature.
  • the low-temperature storage and transportation system includes a thermal insulation device 1, a cooling and cooling device 2 and an information control system 3 which can be transported.
  • Insulation equipment 1 used to store items, mounted on railway, highway or water transportation equipment for transportation.
  • the insulation equipment includes an incubator body 11, and an energy storage device 12 is provided inside the incubator body 11 to provide a substantially constant amount that meets the storage requirements of the items. Temperature and humidity environment.
  • the charging and cooling device 2 charges and cools the energy storage device 12 of the thermal insulation device 1, and the energy storage device 12 stores and releases the cold amount, so that the interior of the thermal insulation device body 11 maintains a constant temperature.
  • the information control system 3 obtains information data on the heat-preserving equipment 1 and / or the cooling and cooling equipment 2 and implements functions such as status monitoring, path planning, settlement and payment based on the information data. Specifically, the information control system 3 locates the thermal insulation equipment 1 and the cooling and cooling equipment 2 in real time, and collects the ambient temperature and humidity of the thermal insulation equipment 1 and the cooling and cooling equipment 2 to monitor the environment inside the thermal insulation equipment 1 and the working status of the cooling and cooling equipment 2. Return status information, and coordinate the cooling and cooling layout to plan the cooling and cooling plan.
  • the insulation equipment may need to be charged or cooled.
  • the cooling equipment needs to charge the cooling medium or the heat storage medium to transmit the cooling medium.
  • the structure using the heating and cooling equipment is the same as that using the cooling and cooling equipment, except that the medium for heat transfer with the phase change material is a heat storage medium.
  • the thermal insulation device 1 is used to store items. Therefore, during transportation, the temperature inside the thermal insulation device needs to be maintained within a predetermined temperature range.
  • the thermal insulation equipment includes a thermal insulation box body 11 for storing items, an energy storage device 12 that releases cold energy, and a piping system 13.
  • the thermal insulation equipment includes at least one energy storage device 12, which is disposed on the top and / or sides of the thermal insulation box body 11.
  • the phase change material is contained inside the energy storage device.
  • the phase change material has a large cold storage density and a uniform isothermal energy release. Therefore, the cold energy of the energy storage device is continuously and uniformly released, and the temperature is automatically adjusted to keep the ambient temperature constant at the phase change temperature.
  • Phase change materials continue to release cold energy, and after a certain time, they need to be supplemented with cold energy.
  • the piping system 13 receives the cold carrier medium from the cooling and cooling equipment 2 and circulates the cold carrier medium to the energy storage device.
  • the cold-carrying medium that is continuously flowing in the pipeline 13 performs heat exchange with the phase change material 122 of the energy storage device, causes the phase change material 122 to undergo a phase change, and stores the cold energy in the phase change material 122.
  • the energy storage device includes a housing 121 that defines a space that houses the phase change material 122.
  • a heat exchanger 123 is also provided in the casing 121, and the heat exchanger 123 performs heat exchange with the phase change material 122.
  • the heat exchanger is continuously supplied with a cooling medium, and the phase change material exchanges heat with the cooling medium in the heat exchanger to generate a phase change.
  • the charging and cooling of the energy storage device is stopped, that is, the supply of the cooling medium is stopped.
  • the phase change material releases the stored cold quantity into the thermal insulation device 1.
  • the case is made of a metal material with good thermal conductivity and rigidity, and a heat radiation reinforcing portion is provided outside the case.
  • heat dissipation enhancement There are two forms of heat dissipation enhancement.
  • heat dissipation fins 124 are at least partially provided on the outer surface of the housing.
  • the heat dissipation fins 124 increase the contact area between the energy storage device and the storage space in the main body of the thermal insulation box, which is conducive to the uniform release of cold energy.
  • the shell can adopt a flat plate structure, which also increases the heat radiation contact area between the shell and the external space in the main body of the thermal insulation box, which is conducive to the uniform release of cold energy.
  • At least one wall of the shell is provided in the form of a curved pressing plate, and the surface structure may be a ribbed plate structure, a wavy structure, or other structures having alternating protrusions and grooves.
  • the heat exchanger 123 is immersed in the phase change material and can cool the phase change material 122.
  • the heat exchanger 123 can optionally heat the phase change material 122.
  • the heat exchanger includes at least one group of heat exchange units 1231. Each group of heat exchange units has a cold carrier medium inlet a and a cold carrier medium outlet b.
  • the heat exchanger unit includes a heat exchange body and a heat exchange reinforcing portion.
  • the heat-exchanging body is used for accommodating the cooling medium.
  • the heat-exchanging body is provided in the form of at least one tube portion. In the first embodiment, the heat-exchanging body is in the form of a bent pipe 125, and the bent pipe includes one or more U-shaped bends.
  • the cold-loaded medium flows through the bent tube and performs heat transfer with the phase change material at the same time.
  • the heat exchange strengthening part is used to strengthen the heat conduction between the phase change material and the cooling medium in the heat exchange body.
  • a heat exchange reinforcing portion is provided on the outside of the bending tube 125.
  • the heat exchange reinforcing portion is a fin 126.
  • the heat exchange unit 1231 includes a bent tube 125 and a fin 126.
  • the bending pipe 125 has two U-shaped bends, and three U-shaped elbows on the two sides sequentially connect the four straight pipe sections: the first pipe section 1251, the first The second pipe section 1252, the third pipe section 1253, and the fourth pipe section 1254.
  • the first pipe section 1251 is provided as a cold-carrying medium inlet a having the energy storage device 12
  • the fourth pipe section 1254 is provided as a cold-carrying medium having an energy storage device.
  • the cooling medium enters the first pipe part from the inlet a, flows through the four pipe parts in sequence, and flows out from the outlet b.
  • a heat exchange strengthening part is provided outside the heat exchange body, and a heat exchange strengthening part provided corresponding to a tube part is defined as a heat exchange strengthening unit.
  • the heat exchange reinforcing part is a fin
  • the heat exchange reinforcing unit is a fin.
  • the fins are provided as linear or arc-shaped fins extending radially outward from the pipe portion, and adjacent fins of adjacent pipe portions are at least partially thermally connected to each other.
  • the heat exchange strengthening unit includes a plurality of heat exchange fins 126, that is, a plurality of fins 126 extending radially outwardly are provided outside each tube portion, and the fins 126 extend over the entire axial length of the tube portion, at least in part
  • the fins provide the tube portion with vertical support in the abutment direction and / or the abutment direction.
  • This embodiment includes two types of fins: a connection fin and a support fin.
  • the connecting fin is a first fin 1261 extending in the abutting direction of the tube portions between adjacent tube portions
  • the supporting fin includes a second fin 1262 extending in a vertical direction in the abutting direction of the tube portions
  • the third fin 1263 extending between the part and the housing in the abutting direction of the tube part.
  • divergent fins 1264 extending in a direction between the abutment direction of the tube portion and a direction perpendicular to the abutment direction are also included.
  • the fins 126 are arranged around the tube portion, support the bent tube 125, and are carried on the surface of the casing facing the phase change material.
  • each tube portion includes two second fins 1262.
  • the second fins can extend up to abut the inner surface of the housing 121, and become a ceiling mode, providing the tube portions with vertical support in adjacent directions.
  • Each tube portion includes two first fins 1261. Adjacent first fins 1261 of adjacent tube portions are connected to each other. One of the first fins 1261 has a groove structure, and the other of the first fins 1261 has a convex shape.
  • the first fin 1261 with a groove structure of the first pipe portion 1251 and the first fin 1261 with a convex structure of the second pipe portion are connected together by protrusions and grooves, and become a hand-in-hand mode, with the largest Increase the heat exchange area between the heat exchanger and the phase change material to the limit, to achieve the ideal cooling effect, and at the same time, provide the pipe section with a supporting force in the adjacent direction.
  • the second tube portion 1252 and the third tube portion 1253, the third tube portion 1253, and the fourth tube portion 1254 have the same connection method.
  • the third fin 1263 is located between the first tube portion 1251 and the casing 121 and may extend all the way to the inner surface of the casing 121 so as to support the bent tube 125, but it may not extend to the inner surface of the casing 121.
  • the fins 126 may adopt other structural forms, such as linear or arc fins. The specific form is shown in FIG. 12, as long as the contact area between the phase change material and the heat exchanger is increased.
  • 7-11 are schematic cross-sectional views of a heat exchanger of an energy storage device in Embodiments 2 to 6 of the present invention.
  • the fins may extend at least partially radially outward from the bending tube 125, or at least partially extend axially from the bending tube 125, or be distributed at different axial positions of the bending tube 125, or in a spiral manner Coiled around the body of the bending tube 125.
  • the heat exchanger 123 may have one heat exchange unit, two heat exchange units, three heat exchange units or more heat exchange units, and the inlet a of each heat exchange unit may be connected to the same pipeline to receive the cold medium, The outlet b is connected to another pipeline for returning the cooling medium. Adjacent heat exchange strengthening units of adjacent heat exchange units are at least partially thermally connected to each other.
  • one heat exchanger has two adjacent heat exchange units, a first heat exchange unit 1231 and a second heat exchange unit 1232.
  • Adjacent heat exchange strengthening units of adjacent heat exchange units are at least partially connected together, the first heat exchange unit and the second heat exchange unit are adjacent in the abutting direction X, and the fourth pipe portion 1254 of the first heat exchange unit
  • the first fins 1261 and the first fins of the first tube portion 1251 of the second heat exchange unit 1232 are connected together by protrusions and grooves, and the two heat exchange units as a whole become a hand-in-hand mode.
  • the third fin 1263 between the fourth tube portion 1254 of the second heat exchange unit 1232 and the case 121 may extend to the inner surface of the case 121 to support the bent pipe 125. Of course, the third fin 1263 may not be provided. Extends to the inner surface of the housing.
  • the fins 126 can be manufactured with a rough surface or through holes can be provided.
  • the shell may also be filled with crystal nucleus, and the crystal nucleus is preferably a honeycomb substance, such as honeycomb aluminum 127.
  • the cross section of the heat exchange unit includes a circular portion 1254 and a plurality of scattering line portions 1261-1264 around the circle.
  • the circular portion 1254 is the heat exchange body, and the heat radiation line portion 1261-1264 is a replacement. Thermal strengthening department.
  • the scattering line portions 1261-1264 increase the contact area of the phase change material 122 and the heat exchanger 123.
  • the heat dissipation lines 1261-1264 are disposed around the circular portion 1254, and extend at least partially radially outward from the circular portion.
  • the heat dissipation lines 1261-1264 support the circular portion 1254 and extend to the boundary of the housing 121. Scattering lines are straight or bent lines extending radially outward from the circular portion.
  • the heat exchanger 112 includes a plurality of groups of heat exchange units. According to the previous record, in the first embodiment, the heat exchanger 112 includes two groups of heat exchange units 1231 and 1232.
  • the heat exchange body is a bent pipe 125, and the bent pipe 125 includes a first pipe portion 1251, a second pipe portion 1252, and the like.
  • the third tube portion 1253 and the fourth tube portion 1254, the heat exchange strengthening unit includes a plurality of heat exchange fins 126, a first fin 1261, a third fin 1263, a second fin 1262, and a divergent fin 1264.
  • each heat exchange unit includes four circular portions 1251-1254, and the adjacent circular portions 1251 and 1252 pass through the scattering lines 1261 corresponding to the first fin and the adjacent first
  • the scattering lines 1261 corresponding to the fins are connected together to form a hand-in-hand structure, and the scattering lines 1262 corresponding to the second fins extend to the boundary of the housing 121, thereby forming a ceiling structure.
  • the scattering lines 1261 corresponding to the first fin, the scattering lines 1263 corresponding to the third fin, the scattering lines 1262 corresponding to the second fin, and the scattering lines corresponding to the diverging fin 1264 extend radially outward from the circular portion, respectively.
  • the cross section constitutes the sun flower structure.
  • the scattering lines 1261 corresponding to the first fins of the first heat exchange unit 1231 are connected to the scattering lines 1261 corresponding to the first fins of the adjacent second heat exchange unit 1232, and the two heat exchange units as a whole become a hand-in-hand mode. .
  • the thermal insulation equipment can be a thermal insulation container (as shown in FIG. 2), a thermal insulation refrigerator, a thermal insulation refrigerator or a thermal insulation transport vehicle (as shown in FIG. 15).
  • a plurality of energy storage devices 12 can be provided inside the insulation box body 11, 12 is provided on the top and / or the side of the incubator body 11.
  • the thermal insulation equipment can be used as a mobile cold storage, which can be directly used in a working environment without a cold storage; at the same time, it can be applied to the situation that the railway freight train cannot provide power, and it is also suitable for the public-rail combined transportation mode.
  • Fig. 2 is a kind of thermal insulation container, which is made of thermal insulation material polyurethane foam thermal insulation technology, which can increase the thermal insulation layer to effectively improve the thermal insulation effect.
  • the insulated container adopts the international universal container size, such as 20 feet or 40 feet, and the container can accommodate at least 2 standard pallets in the width direction.
  • An embedded steel plate is added to ensure that the top and end meet the load-bearing requirements.
  • the energy storage device is fixed in the embedded steel box through a bracket.
  • the thermal insulation container has an inlet joint 131 for receiving the cooling medium and an outlet joint 132 for outputting the cooling medium after use.
  • the heat preservation container is provided with a charging and cooling pipe 13 therein, and the charging and cooling pipe 13 is connected to the inlet a and the outlet b of the heat exchanger 123 of the energy storage device 12.
  • the heat exchanger 123 is continuously charged with a cooling medium that meets the temperature requirements, and the used cooling medium is returned to the cooling equipment, so that the cooling medium that meets the temperature requirements runs in the pipeline 13
  • the temperature of the phase change material 122 is reduced, and the phase change occurs when the temperature reaches the phase change point, and the cold capacity is stored.
  • the flow rate into each energy storage device 12 can be adjusted by a valve provided in the middle portion of the pipeline 13 so as to ensure a consistent flow rate and achieve an ideal charging and cooling effect.
  • the thermal insulation equipment of the low-temperature storage and transportation system of the present invention uses a phase-change energy storage device for temperature control. Using the characteristics of the phase-change material, the phase-change material is charged and cooled first. It is not necessary to set a power source to achieve passive cooling; the operation safety is significantly improved, to avoid artificial interference during the transportation, and to avoid damage to the goods caused by the artificial destruction of the temperature environment.
  • the energy storage device of the heat insulation equipment is provided with a heat exchange strengthening part, which increases the contact area of the phase change material and the heat exchanger, so that the heat insulation equipment can release the cold uniformly, the temperature fluctuation is small, the temperature control is accurate, and the cargo damage is reduced. Rate, which effectively guarantees the quality of the goods.
  • phase change material used in the energy storage device of the thermal insulation equipment has a large cold storage density, high latent heat value, non-toxic, non-corrosive, and no pollution; it is safe to use, non-flammable and explosive, stable cycle performance, and long service life.
  • the energy storage device is mechanically connected to other structures, which facilitates maintenance and low transportation costs.
  • Charging and cooling equipment 2 is an important part of the low-temperature storage and transportation system, and is a source of cold energy for the thermal insulation equipment 1.
  • the charging and cooling equipment 2 first cools the internal cooling medium, and then transfers the cooling medium that meets the predetermined requirements to the energy storage device 12 through the cooling and cooling pipeline and the pipeline 13 system of the heat preservation equipment, so that the The phase change material 122 undergoes a phase change.
  • the cooling and cooling equipment 2 includes a first transmission device, which outputs the cold carrier medium Z that meets predetermined requirements from the storage device for use, and transmits the used cold carrier medium Y to be stored to the storage after use.
  • Storage device the storage device is used to contain the cooling medium and keep the cooling medium within a certain temperature range.
  • the storage device in the first embodiment is a heat preservation water tank 23; the second transmission device receives the cooling medium from the storage device.
  • the cooling medium Y transmits the cooled cooling medium Z that meets the predetermined requirements to the storage device.
  • the heat-insulating water tank 23 includes at least a first storage unit 231 and a second storage unit 232.
  • the first storage unit is configured to accommodate a cooling medium Z that meets a predetermined requirement, such as an aqueous solution of ethylene glycol
  • the second storage unit is configured to accommodate a cooling medium Carrying cold medium Y.
  • a third storage unit or more storage units may also be included.
  • the first transmission device includes an external circulation pump 21 and an external circulation pipeline 22, and the second transmission device includes an internal circulation pump 24 and an internal circulation pipeline 25.
  • the external circulation pump 21 outputs the cooling medium Z that meets the predetermined requirements from the first storage unit 231 through the external circulation pipe 22 for use, and transmits the used cooling medium Y to be cooled to the second storage unit 232 after the use.
  • the internal circulation pump 24 receives the cooling medium Y to be cooled from the second storage unit 232 and sends the cooling medium Y to be cooled to the refrigeration unit 26 through the internal circulation pipe 25. Refrigeration is performed so that the temperature of the cooling medium meets the predetermined requirements, and the inner circulation pipeline 25 continues to transmit the cooled cooling medium Z that meets the predetermined requirements to the first storage unit 231.
  • the cooling and cooling equipment 2 implements the cooling and cooling mode of the cooling and cooling equipment through external circulation, and the cooling and cooling equipment 1 is charged and cooled.
  • the first transmission device continuously inputs the cold storage medium Z of the first storage unit 231 that meets the predetermined requirements through the external circulation pump 21 to the inlet joint 131 of the thermal insulation device 1 for receiving the cold storage medium through the outer circulation pipeline 22,
  • the cold medium enters the heat exchanger 123 of the energy storage device 12 through the pipeline 13 of the thermal insulation device 1, performs heat exchange with the phase change material 122, and introduces the cold energy into the phase change material 122.
  • the used cooling medium Y to be cooled is output through the outlet joint 132 of the thermal insulation device 1; the outer circulation pipe 22 of the first transmission device transmits the used cooling medium Y to be cooled, and is passed through the second storage unit.
  • the spraying device at the end of the external circulation pipe 22 is returned to the second storage unit 232.
  • the cooling and cooling equipment 2 realizes the cooling mode of the cooling and cooling equipment 2 through an internal cycle, and cools the used cooling medium Y to be cooled into a cooling medium Z that meets predetermined requirements.
  • the internal circulation pump 24 of the second transmission device continuously inputs the cold storage medium Y to be cooled of the second storage unit 232 into the plate heat exchanger of the refrigeration unit 26 through the internal circulation pipe 25, and the plate heat exchanger introduces the cooling capacity Into the cold storage medium, after being cooled, the cold storage medium continues to be transmitted through the internal circulation pipeline 25, and enters the first storage unit 231 through a spraying device located at the end of the pipeline on the top 231 of the first storage unit, and reciprocates.
  • the heat preservation water tank 23 is a box structure. There is a partition 233 in the box.
  • the partition 233 divides the heat preservation water tank 23 into a first storage unit 231 and a second storage unit 232.
  • the first storage unit 231 and the second storage unit 232 may be fluid. Connected.
  • the first storage unit 231 and the second storage unit 232 are separated from each other by a partition plate 233, so that the used cooling medium Y to be cooled and the cooling medium Z that meets the predetermined requirements are generally separated.
  • a mass flow is formed in the storage space, and the returned cooling medium is quickly and uniformly sprayed into the storage unit through a spray device, which can enhance the mass flow inside the first storage unit and the second storage unit, thereby enabling each storage of the thermal water tank
  • the temperature of the medium in the unit is more uniform.
  • the temperature of the cooling medium Z that meets the predetermined requirements output by the first storage unit 231 is uniform, which is convenient for improving the cooling efficiency.
  • the second storage unit 232 receives the used cooling medium Y that is relatively cold after being used, and sends it to the refrigeration unit. Refrigeration is convenient for improving cooling efficiency.
  • the first storage unit 231 is provided with at least one first liquid discharge pipe 221 for outputting the cold carrier medium Z that meets predetermined requirements to the outside and a predetermined compliance for receiving transmission from the second transmission device.
  • the second storage unit 232 is provided with a second liquid outlet pipe 241 for outputting the used cooling medium Y to be cooled out and at least one second liquid inlet for receiving the used cooling medium Y to be cooled. ⁇ 222 ⁇ 222.
  • each outlet pipe is connected to the inside of the storage unit, where the first liquid outlet pipe 221 and / or the second liquid outlet pipe 241 are provided At the bottom of the storage unit.
  • the first liquid inlet line 242 and / or the second liquid inlet line 222 are disposed on the upper part of the storage unit.
  • the working process in the charge and cold mode is as follows.
  • the external circulation pump 21 of the first transmission device continuously passes the cold storage medium Z of the first storage unit 231 that meets the predetermined requirements through the first liquid outlet pipe 221 and
  • the external circulation pipeline 22 is input to the inlet joint 131 of the heat insulation equipment 1 for receiving the cold medium, and the cold medium enters the heat exchanger 123 of the energy storage device 12 through the pipeline 13 of the heat insulation equipment 1, and the phase change material 122 performs heat exchange and introduces the cold energy into the phase change material 122.
  • the used cooling medium Y to be cooled is output through the outlet joint 132 of the thermal insulation device 1; the outer circulation pipe 22 of the first transmission device transmits the used cooling medium Y to be cooled, and is passed through the second storage unit.
  • the spraying device at the end of the second liquid inlet pipe 222 flows back to the second storage unit 232.
  • the working mode of the cooling mode is as follows.
  • the internal circulation pump 24 of the second transmission device continuously inputs the cold medium to be cooled Y of the second storage unit 232 to the refrigeration unit 26 through the second liquid outlet pipe 241 and the internal circulation pipe 25.
  • the plate heat exchanger introduces the cold energy into the cold carrier medium.
  • the cold carrier medium After the cold carrier medium is refrigerated, it continues to be transmitted through the internal circulation pipe 25 and passes through the first inlet unit 231 placed on the top of the first storage unit.
  • the spraying device at the end of the liquid pipe 242 enters the first storage unit 231, and reciprocates, and finally reduces the temperature in the heat preservation water tank 23 as a whole to a target predetermined temperature.
  • the cooling and cooling device 2 realizes a cooling and cooling mode through an external circulation, outputs a cooling medium Z that meets predetermined requirements, transmits the cooling capacity to the energy storage device 12 of the thermal insulation device 1, and receives the used cooling medium Y after cooling.
  • the cooling and cooling device 2 realizes a cooling mode through internal circulation, and cools the used cooling medium Y after returning to the heat preservation water tank 23 into a cooling medium Z that meets predetermined requirements, so that it can be applied to cooling and cooling conditions.
  • the working mode of the cooling and cooling device 2 can be a direct cooling mode and an indirect cooling mode.
  • the storage device of the charging and cooling equipment 2 can store a large amount of cooling medium, so that it can charge a single or multiple thermal insulation equipment after the large amount of cooling medium has cooled to a predetermined temperature; in the direct charging and cooling mode, the cooling mode is turned on at the same time. And charge and cool mode, to achieve the effect of fast charge and cold. In the indirect charging and cooling mode, the cooling module and the charging and cooling mode are performed separately.
  • the charging and cooling device 2 may further include an electric control box; the first liquid inlet pipe 221 and / or the second liquid outlet pipe 241 and / or the first liquid inlet pipe 242 and / or the second liquid inlet pipe 222 A temperature sensor and a flow sensor are arranged nearby; the sensor is connected to the electric control box, and the charging and cooling equipment is automatically controlled by PLC programming. You can use the display device to view the cooling and cooling flow of the cooling and cooling equipment, the temperature of the liquid outlet pipe and the liquid inlet pipe, the temperature of the cooling medium at each position of the water tank, and the average temperature of the cooling medium. status information.
  • the cooling and cooling equipment can be miniaturized and made into a mobile cooling and cooling equipment. Minimize the heat preservation water tank, place it in a container with a high-efficiency refrigeration unit and a control cabinet, and install heat insulation materials in the container and / or outside the heat preservation water tank to form a cold-filled container, which will require a certain amount of cooling medium at high speed Refrigerate and charge repeatedly.
  • Charging and cooling containers use standard container sizes such as 20 feet or 40 feet, and are transportable.
  • the heat preservation water tank, refrigeration unit and control cabinet are placed in the compartment, and heat insulation materials are provided in the compartment and / or outside the heat preservation water tank to form a cold-filled vehicle that can be replenished with the movement of the vehicle; suitable for short-distance trunk transportation Recharge cold sources at temporary cargo sources such as insufficient radiation areas in charging and cooling stations, and can replenish cooling capacity for two insulation boxes at the same time.
  • a heat preservation layer is provided on the outside of the heat preservation water tank, and the heat preservation layer can also be provided inside the flushing container and the refrigerated car, so that the heat preservation water tank has a good thermal insulation effect.
  • the cooling medium stored in the heat preservation water tank is within 24 hours The temperature change does not exceed 1 ° C.
  • the cooling and cooling equipment can also be large-scaled and made into the form of cooling and cooling stations or cooling and cooling piles.
  • the cooling and cooling stations are suitable for railway freight yards, enterprise warehouses, e-commerce warehouses with centralized cargo, or centralized turnaround places or logistics bases in insulated boxes.
  • the prepared cold is filled into the equipment in the form of a cooling medium through quick-installed pipes and cold-filling piles, which can simultaneously meet the cooling and cooling requirements of multiple thermal insulation equipment.
  • the small charging and cooling pile can be matched with the charging pile of new energy vehicles to match the interface of the charging and cooling pile and the interface of the charging pile, or use the power source of the charging pile as a power source to charge and cool a single insulation device.
  • the source of cold energy is not only cooled by the equipment or the cooling station's own refrigeration unit, but also absorbed and transformed by an external cold source, such as collecting and using the lost cold energy of the liquefied gas industry. Greatly improve the cold economic effect and reduce costs.
  • the refrigeration unit can also prepare the cooling capacity in advance through low-cost electricity between the valleys, reducing the overall cost of the power grid and the cost of charging and cooling.
  • the structure of the charging and cooling equipment of the low-temperature storage and transportation system of the present invention is reasonable in structure and the temperature of the medium in the thermal insulation water tank is uniform, which can significantly improve the overall efficiency of cooling and cooling.
  • the charging and cooling equipment is separated from the thermal insulation equipment, which separates the refrigeration and charging and cooling conditions.
  • the interior of the thermal insulation equipment is physical refrigeration, and no failure of mechanical structure or electrical control equipment occurs, which reduces the equipment failure rate of the thermal insulation equipment during transportation. It is convenient for maintenance, meanwhile, it is impossible to artificially close or prevent the phase change material from releasing the cold quantity, to prevent the occurrence of cold chain disconnection, and the transportation is safe and reliable.
  • the control system 3 of the low-temperature storage and transportation system of the present invention has the functions of condition monitoring, path planning, and settlement and payment, and is the basis for the low-temperature storage and transportation system to realize the status monitoring of the thermal insulation equipment and its energy storage device, and the system information processing platform.
  • the information control system 3 includes an information acquisition module 31 and a central processing unit 32.
  • the information acquisition module 31 acquires the status data and position data of the thermal insulation equipment and the cooling and cooling equipment.
  • the information acquisition module 31 is located in the equipment to be monitored (including the thermal insulation equipment and the cooling and cooling equipment).
  • the main control device sends status data and position data to the central processing unit 32 through a wireless communication module, where the central processing unit 32 is a remote server 32 and the central processing unit Obtain planning data of the thermal insulation equipment and / or cooling and cooling equipment during transportation based on the status data and location data.
  • the condition monitoring module performs condition monitoring on the thermal insulation equipment and the cooling and cooling equipment.
  • the main body of the thermal insulation equipment constitutes a storage space for the articles.
  • multi-point monitoring of the thermal insulation equipment is needed, and multiple temperature sensors and humidity sensors are evenly arranged in the storage space. .
  • the energy storage device is an important component to ensure the normal operation of the thermal insulation equipment.
  • the state of the phase change material needs to be monitored.
  • a plurality of temperature sensors are evenly arranged inside the energy storage device.
  • a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor are also built in the main control device.
  • the charging and cooling equipment is provided with a plurality of temperature sensors, and a flow sensor is also provided in the outlet pipeline of the cooling medium that meets the predetermined requirements.
  • Each sensor transmits the change of resistance value in the form of electrical signals to the acquisition board through a cable.
  • Each acquisition board is connected to the main control device and the power supply through a multi-core cable.
  • the data of each acquisition board is transmitted to the main control in the form of electrical signals.
  • the device, the chip in the main control device compiles the program in advance, and calculates the different resistance values into temperature or humidity through the previous calibration work.
  • the temperature and humidity information of each device is transmitted by the antenna device to the remote server in the form of data packets.
  • the server builds a network platform to crack and store data packets. Customers can log in to view device information via the Internet. Including probe temperature at each location of the energy storage device, ambient temperature and humidity in the insulation equipment.
  • the server stores data for a certain period of time as a backup to achieve traceability.
  • the remote server 32 includes an algorithm module that calculates the cold storage capacity of the energy storage device based on the temperature and humidity information of the received energy storage device, so as to determine whether the energy storage device needs to be recharged, how much cold energy is needed, or how much How long does it take to complete the charging and cooling, and remind when it is necessary to provide a planned charging and cooling path.
  • the status data obtained by the remote server includes one or more of temperature data, humidity data, cooling capacity data, and cooling and cooling device temperature data and flow data.
  • the algorithm module Through the algorithm module, one or more of the cooling time data, the cooling position data, and the cooling capacity data for the cooling equipment to cool the thermal insulation equipment can be planned.
  • the path planning module uses the path planning module to plan the cooling and cooling paths for the thermal insulation or cooling and cooling equipment.
  • the positioning module transmits the location information of the thermal insulation equipment or the mobile cooling and cooling equipment to the path planning module of the remote server.
  • the path planning module stores the above information, and also stores the location distribution information of the cooling and cooling stations or cooling and cooling piles, which can obtain the railway network. Data, highway network data, and weather network data, route planning based on actual conditions.
  • the path planning module indicates that the thermal insulation equipment needs to be recharged according to the cooling capacity information of the thermal insulation equipment energy storage device transmitted to the remote server, and plans the cooling pathway for the thermal insulation equipment.
  • the railway network data, highway network data, and weather network data are used to match the optimal path for the thermal insulation equipment to the cooling station or to the cooling pile, or the optimal path for the mobile cooling equipment to the thermal insulation equipment.
  • the cooling equipment can control the cooling location, the cooling time, the cooling flow and the cooling capacity of the cooling equipment.
  • the path planning module can also plan the transportation path of the thermal insulation equipment, and implement the transportation path planning of the thermal insulation equipment based on the customer's item transportation needs and the object transportation destination.
  • the location data obtained by the remote server includes the location data of the heat preservation equipment and the location data of the cooling and cooling equipment, and the remote server plans the path of the insulation equipment or the cooling and cooling vehicle according to the above data. Since the data is transmitted to the remote server, the customer can log in to check the shipping location of the item through the Internet.
  • the settlement payment module realizes online settlement of transportation expenses or charging and cooling charges.
  • the settlement module includes a payment module and a collection module. Customers use the payment module to pay for transportation costs online, and transportation personnel use the payment module to collect payments online. The transportation personnel can pay the cooling and cooling expenses online through the payment module.
  • the information system can monitor the environment inside the insulation equipment in real time, return the status information of the insulation equipment, and implement dynamic management of the system. At the same time, combined with railway and highway road network data and weather network data, it realizes the planning and cooling calculation of the heat preservation box transportation path, issues cold warning, and integrates the server platform to achieve status monitoring, path planning, settlement and payment, etc. Kind of function.

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Abstract

A heat preservation transportation system, comprising a heat preservation device (1), wherein the interior of the heat preservation device (1) is provided with an energy storage apparatus (12); a cold charging device (2) that charges cold for the energy storage apparatus (12), wherein the energy storage apparatus (12) comprises a housing (121), and the housing (121) defines space that accommodates a phase change material (122); and a heat exchanger (123) that is provided inside the space and used for performing heat exchange with the phase change material (122). The heat preservation transportation system performs temperature control by using a phase change and energy storage apparatus; the heat preservation device of the heat preservation transportation system releases cold evenly, temperature fluctuation is small, the temperature is controlled accurately, and the quality of goods is effectively guaranteed. It is convenient for the heat preservation device of the heat preservation transportation system to charge cold; the functions, such as state monitoring, path planning, and settlement and payment, are realized by means of an information control system.

Description

保温运输系统Thermal transport system 技术领域Technical field
本发明涉及一种保温储存与运输系统,具体而言,涉及一种无源充填式保温储存与运输系统。The invention relates to a heat preservation storage and transportation system, in particular to a passive filling type heat preservation storage and transportation system.
背景技术Background technique
蔬菜、水果等鲜活品,速冻食品奶制品等加工食品和各类针剂、药剂、疫苗等医药品在生产、贮藏运输、销售,到消费前的各个环节中应该始终处于规定的温度环境下。这些物品的贮藏运输必须依靠专用设备,随着运输物品种类的不同,专用设备内保持的温度不同。冷冻运输设备能够提供的温度范围在-18℃~-22℃,冷藏运输设备能够提供的温度范围在0℃~7℃,恒温运输设备能够提供的温度范围在18℃~22℃。Fresh products such as vegetables and fruits, processed foods such as frozen foods and dairy products, and various types of injections, medicaments, vaccines and other pharmaceutical products should always be in the specified temperature environment during production, storage, transportation, and sales, and in all links before consumption. The storage and transportation of these items must rely on special equipment, and the temperature maintained in the special equipment varies with the types of items being transported. The temperature range provided by refrigerated transportation equipment is -18 ° C to -22 ° C, the temperature range provided by refrigerated transportation equipment is 0 ° C to 7 ° C, and the temperature range provided by constant temperature transportation equipment is 18 ° C to 22 ° C.
为了使保温运输设备内温度维持在预定的恒定的范围内,需要对保温设备内部进行制冷。常见的制冷方式包括:在保温设备上设置冷却机组和在保温设备上设置冷量源。专利申请CN200910145782.7公开了一种充填式低温物流系统,包括行驶各地的低温物流车以及分设各地的充填站,低温物流车预先充填蓄冷槽内的冷却循环液,通过冷却循环液绕行低温车厢而产生降温冷却效果。然而该低温物流系统使用冷却循环液释放冷量,循环液温度波动度大,控温不精准,使用周期短,不适合物品的长途运输。In order to maintain the temperature in the heat-preserving transportation equipment within a predetermined constant range, the interior of the heat-preserving equipment needs to be cooled. Common cooling methods include: setting a cooling unit on the heat preservation equipment and a cooling source on the heat preservation equipment. Patent application CN200910145782.7 discloses a filling-type low-temperature logistics system, which includes low-temperature logistics vehicles traveling in various places and filling stations located in different places. The low-temperature logistics vehicles are pre-filled with the cooling circulating fluid in the cold storage tank, and the cooling circulating fluid is used to bypass the low-temperature carriage A cooling effect is produced. However, the low-temperature logistics system uses a cooling circulating liquid to release the amount of cold, the circulating liquid temperature fluctuates greatly, the temperature control is not accurate, the use cycle is short, and it is not suitable for long-distance transportation of items.
发明内容Summary of the invention
本发明的主要目的在于提供一种保温储存与运输系统,该保温储存与运输系统的保温设备释冷均匀,温度波动度小,控温精准,有效保证货物品质;该保温储存与运输系统还存在信息化系统,具有状态监测、路径规划和结算付款等功能。The main object of the present invention is to provide a heat preservation storage and transportation system. The heat preservation equipment of the heat preservation storage and transportation system releases cold uniformly, has a small temperature fluctuation, accurate temperature control, and effectively guarantees the quality of the goods. The heat preservation storage and transportation system also exists Information system with functions such as condition monitoring, path planning and settlement payment.
为了实现上述目的,根据本发明的一个方面,提供了一种保温运输系统,包括:In order to achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, a heat preservation transportation system is provided, including:
保温设备,保温设备内部设置有储能装置;Thermal insulation equipment, energy storage device is set inside the thermal insulation equipment;
为储能装置充冷的充冷设备;Charging and cooling equipment for cooling energy storage devices;
储能装置包括:壳体,壳体限定容纳相变材料的空间;换热器,换热器设置于空间内,并用于与相变材料进行热交换。The energy storage device includes: a casing, which defines a space for accommodating the phase change material; a heat exchanger, which is disposed in the space and is used for heat exchange with the phase change material.
进一步的,保温设备包括至少一个储能装置。Further, the thermal insulation equipment includes at least one energy storage device.
进一步的,储能装置设置于保温设备的顶部和/或侧部。Further, the energy storage device is disposed on the top and / or the side of the thermal insulation equipment.
进一步的,换热器包括至少一组换热单元,换热单元包括换热本体和换热加强部,换热加强部加强相变材料与换热本体的热传导。Further, the heat exchanger includes at least one group of heat exchange units, and the heat exchange unit includes a heat exchange body and a heat exchange reinforcement part, and the heat exchange reinforcement part strengthens heat conduction between the phase change material and the heat exchange body.
进一步的,换热加强部增大相变材料与换热器的接触面积,且围绕换热本体设置。Further, the heat exchange reinforcing portion increases a contact area between the phase change material and the heat exchanger, and is disposed around the heat exchange body.
进一步的,换热加强部设置为至少部分地从换热本体径向向外延伸。Further, the heat exchange reinforcing portion is provided to extend at least partially radially outward from the heat exchange body.
进一步的,换热加强部设置为至少部分地从换热本体轴向延伸。Further, the heat exchange reinforcing portion is provided to extend at least partially axially from the heat exchange body.
进一步的,换热加强部支撑换热本体,并且承载在壳体的朝向相变材料的表面。Further, the heat exchange reinforcing part supports the heat exchange body and is carried on a surface of the shell facing the phase change material.
进一步的,换热本体包括依次连接的多个管部,换热加强部包括用于各管部的换热加强单元,相邻的换热加强单元至少部分地彼此热传导地连接。Further, the heat exchange body includes a plurality of tube portions connected in sequence, the heat exchange reinforcement portion includes a heat exchange reinforcement unit for each tube portion, and adjacent heat exchange reinforcement units are at least partially thermally conductively connected to each other.
进一步的,换热本体设置为折弯管,折弯管包括一个或多个U型折弯,多个管部为U型折弯管的直管部分,多个管部通过U型管连接。Further, the heat exchange body is configured as a bent tube, the bent tube includes one or more U-shaped bends, the plurality of tube portions are straight tube portions of the U-shaped bent tube, and the plurality of tube portions are connected by the U-shaped tube.
进一步的,换热加强单元包括多个换热翅片。Further, the heat exchange enhancement unit includes a plurality of heat exchange fins.
进一步的,储能装置包括多组换热单元,相邻的换热单元热传导地连接。Further, the energy storage device includes multiple groups of heat exchange units, and adjacent heat exchange units are thermally conductively connected.
进一步的,相邻换热单元的相邻的换热加强单元至少部分地彼此热传导地连接。Further, adjacent heat exchange reinforcing units of adjacent heat exchange units are at least partially thermally connected to each other.
进一步的,储能装置的壳体内还设置有用于加速相变材料产生相变的晶核。Further, a crystal nucleus for accelerating the phase change of the phase change material is also provided in the housing of the energy storage device.
进一步的,充冷设备包括第一传输装置、储存装置、以及第二传输装置,储存装置包括第一储存单元和第二储存单元,第一储存单元设置用于容纳符合预定要求的载冷介质,第二储存单元设置用于容纳待制冷载冷介质,第一传输装置从第一储存单元将符合预定要求的载冷介质输出以供使用,并将使用后的待制冷载冷介质传输至第二储存单元,第二传输装置从第二储存单元接收待制冷载冷介质并将制冷后的符合预定要求的载冷介质传输至第一储存单元。Further, the cooling and cooling equipment includes a first transmission device, a storage device, and a second transmission device. The storage device includes a first storage unit and a second storage unit. The first storage unit is configured to accommodate a cold carrier medium that meets predetermined requirements. The second storage unit is configured to accommodate the cooling medium to be cooled, and the first transmission device outputs the cooling medium that meets the predetermined requirements from the first storage unit for use, and transfers the used cooling medium to be cooled to the second The storage unit and the second transmission device receive the cold carrier medium to be cooled from the second storage unit and transmit the cooled cold carrier medium that meets the predetermined requirements to the first storage unit.
进一步的,充冷设备在对待制冷载冷介质进行制冷的同时为储能装置充冷。Further, the charging and cooling equipment charges and cools the energy storage device while refrigerating the cold medium to be cooled.
进一步的,充冷设备在待制冷载冷介质制冷成为符合预定要求的载冷介质后为储能装置充冷。Further, the charging and cooling device charges and cools the energy storage device after the cooling and cooling medium to be cooled becomes a cooling medium that meets predetermined requirements.
进一步的,还包括控制系统,控制系统包括信息采集模块以及中央处理单元,其中信息采集模块获取保温设备和充冷设备的状态数据和位置数据,并将状态数据和位置数据发送给中央处理单元,中央处理单元被配置为至少基于状态数据和位置数据获得保温设备和/或充冷设备在运输过程中的规划数据。Further, it further includes a control system. The control system includes an information acquisition module and a central processing unit, wherein the information acquisition module acquires the status data and position data of the thermal insulation equipment and the cooling and cooling equipment, and sends the status data and position data to the central processing unit. The central processing unit is configured to obtain planning data of the thermal insulation equipment and / or the cooling and cooling equipment during transportation based on at least the status data and the location data.
进一步的,规划数据包含充冷设备为保温设备充冷的充冷时间数据、充冷位置数据及充冷量数据中的一个或多个。Further, the planning data includes one or more of charge and cold time data, charge and cold position data, and charge and cold volume data of the cooling and cooling equipment charging and cooling the thermal insulation equipment.
进一步的,状态数据包括保温设备的温度数据、湿度数据、冷量容量数据、以及充冷设备的温度数据、流量数据、冷量容量数据中的一个或多个。Further, the status data includes one or more of temperature data, humidity data, and cooling capacity data of the thermal insulation equipment, and temperature data, flow data, and cooling capacity data of the cooling and cooling equipment.
过一步地,位置数据包含保温设备的位置数据、充冷设备的位置数据中的一个或多个。In one step, the position data includes one or more of the position data of the heat preservation equipment and the position data of the cooling and cooling equipment.
进一步的,保温设备为集装箱、冷柜、冷库或运输车。Further, the thermal insulation equipment is a container, a freezer, a cold storage or a transport vehicle.
进一步的,充冷设备为充冷集装箱、冲冷车、充冷桩或充冷站。Further, the cooling and cooling equipment is a cooling and cooling container, a refrigerated truck, a cooling and cooling pile or a cooling and cooling station.
应用本发明的技术方案,利用相变储能装置进行温度控制,使得保温设备释冷均匀,温度波动度小,控温精准,有效保证货物品质。进一步的,保温设备充冷方便,并且通过信息化系统,实现状态监测、路径规划和结算付款等功能。By applying the technical solution of the present invention, the phase change energy storage device is used for temperature control, so that the thermal insulation equipment can release the cold uniformly, the temperature fluctuation is small, the temperature control is accurate, and the quality of the goods is effectively guaranteed. Further, the insulation equipment is convenient for charging and cooling, and through the information system, functions such as status monitoring, path planning, and settlement and payment are realized.
附图说明BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
构成本申请的一部分的说明书附图用来提供对本发明的进一步理解,本发明的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本发明,并不构成对本发明的不当限定。在附图中:The accompanying drawings, which form a part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The schematic embodiments of the present invention and the descriptions thereof are used to explain the present invention, and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present invention. In the drawings:
图1是本发明保温储存与运输系统的示意图;以及FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a thermal storage and transportation system of the present invention; and
图2是本发明保温设备内部示意图;FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the interior of the thermal insulation device of the present invention;
图3是本发明保温设备内部储能装置及管路分布示意图;3 is a schematic diagram showing the distribution of internal energy storage devices and pipelines of the thermal insulation equipment of the present invention;
图4是本发明储能装置结构示意图;4 is a schematic structural diagram of an energy storage device according to the present invention;
图5是图4中A-A截面视图;5 is a sectional view taken along A-A in FIG. 4;
图6是本发明实施例一中储能装置换热器截面示意图;6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a heat exchanger of an energy storage device in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;
图7是本发明实施例二中储能装置换热器截面示意图;7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a heat exchanger of an energy storage device in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;
图8是本发明实施例三中储能装置换热器截面示意图;8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a heat exchanger of an energy storage device in Embodiment 3 of the present invention;
图9是本发明实施例四中储能装置换热器截面示意图;9 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a heat exchanger of an energy storage device in Embodiment 4 of the present invention;
图10是本发明实施例五中储能装置换热器截面示意图;10 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a heat exchanger of an energy storage device in Embodiment 5 of the present invention;
图11是本发明实施例六中储能装置换热器截面示意图;11 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a heat exchanger of an energy storage device in Embodiment 6 of the present invention;
图12是本发明充冷集装箱结构示意图;FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a cooling and cooling container of the present invention; FIG.
图13是本发明充冷集装箱保温水箱示意图;FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of a heat preservation water tank of a cold storage container according to the present invention; FIG.
图14是本发明充冷集装箱工作原理示意图;FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of the cooling and cooling container of the present invention;
图15是本发明保温运输车结构示意图。FIG. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of a thermal insulation transport vehicle according to the present invention.
其中,上述附图包括以下附图标记:The above drawings include the following reference signs:
保温设备1,充冷设备2,信息控制系统3, Insulation equipment 1, cooling and cooling equipment 2, information control system 3,
保温箱本体11,储能装置12,管路系统13, Incubator body 11, energy storage device 12, piping system 13,
壳体121,相变材料122,换热器123,散热翅片124,折弯管125,翅片126,蜂窝铝127, Housing 121, phase change material 122, heat exchanger 123, heat sink fins 124, bent tubes 125, fins 126, honeycomb aluminum 127,
第一换热单元1231,第二换热单元1232,First heat exchange unit 1231, second heat exchange unit 1232,
第一管部1251,第二管部1252,第三管部1253,第四管部1254,The first tube portion 1251, the second tube portion 1252, the third tube portion 1253, the fourth tube portion 1254,
第一翅片1261,第二翅片1262,第三翅片1263,发散翅片1264, First fin 1261, second fin 1262, third fin 1263, divergent fin 1264,
进口接头131,出口接头132,Inlet joint 131, outlet joint 132,
外循环泵21,外循环管路22,保温水箱23,内循环泵24,内循环管路25,制冷机组26, Outer circulation pump 21, outer circulation pipeline 22, heat preservation water tank 23, inner circulation pump 24, inner circulation pipeline 25, refrigeration unit 26,
第一储存单元231,第二储存单元232,隔板233,A first storage unit 231, a second storage unit 232, a partition 233,
第一出液管路221,第一进液管路242,第二出液管路241,第二进液管路222,A first liquid outlet pipe 221, a first liquid inlet pipe 242, a second liquid outlet pipe 241, a second liquid inlet pipe 222,
信息采集模块31,中央处理单元32。 Information acquisition module 31 and central processing unit 32.
具体实施方式detailed description
需要说明的是,在不冲突的情况下,本发明中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。下面将参考附图并结合实施例来详细说明本发明。It should be noted that, in the case of no conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and embodiments.
以下结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步详细描述,这些实施例不能理解为限制本发明所要求保护的范围。The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to specific embodiments, which cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.
如图1所示,本发明低温储存与运输系统是基于相变储能技术的多式联运冷链运输系统,用于运输对储存环境温度有要求的冷冻、冰鲜物品或生物制品等。低温储存与运输系统包括能够运输的保温设备1,充冷设备2和信息控制系统3。保温设备1;用来存储物品,搭载在铁路、公路或水路运输设备上进行运输,保温设备包括保温箱本体11,保温箱本体11内部设置有储能装置12,提供符合物品储存需求的大体恒定的温度和湿度环境。充冷设备2给保温设备1的储能装置12充冷,储能设备12储存并释放冷量,使保温设备本体11内部维持恒定的温度。信息控制系统3获取保温设备1和/或充冷设备2上的信息数据,基于信息数据实现状态监控、路径规划、结算付款等功能。具体来说,信息控制系统3实时定位保温设备1和充冷设备2,并且采集保温设备1和充冷设备2的环境温度和湿度,监控保温设备1内环境,充冷设备2的工作状态,回传状态信息,配合充冷布局,规划充冷方案。As shown in FIG. 1, the low-temperature storage and transportation system of the present invention is a multimodal cold chain transportation system based on phase change energy storage technology, and is used to transport frozen, chilled or biological products that require storage environment temperature. The low-temperature storage and transportation system includes a thermal insulation device 1, a cooling and cooling device 2 and an information control system 3 which can be transported. Insulation equipment 1; used to store items, mounted on railway, highway or water transportation equipment for transportation. The insulation equipment includes an incubator body 11, and an energy storage device 12 is provided inside the incubator body 11 to provide a substantially constant amount that meets the storage requirements of the items. Temperature and humidity environment. The charging and cooling device 2 charges and cools the energy storage device 12 of the thermal insulation device 1, and the energy storage device 12 stores and releases the cold amount, so that the interior of the thermal insulation device body 11 maintains a constant temperature. The information control system 3 obtains information data on the heat-preserving equipment 1 and / or the cooling and cooling equipment 2 and implements functions such as status monitoring, path planning, settlement and payment based on the information data. Specifically, the information control system 3 locates the thermal insulation equipment 1 and the cooling and cooling equipment 2 in real time, and collects the ambient temperature and humidity of the thermal insulation equipment 1 and the cooling and cooling equipment 2 to monitor the environment inside the thermal insulation equipment 1 and the working status of the cooling and cooling equipment 2. Return status information, and coordinate the cooling and cooling layout to plan the cooling and cooling plan.
根据运输过程中对环境温度要求的不同,保温设备可能需要充冷或充热,充冷设备需要相应地对保温设备传输载冷介质进行充冷或传输蓄热介质加热,本说明书以充冷设备为例进行说明。使用充热设备的与使用充冷设备的结构相同,区别仅在于与相变材料进行热传递的介质为蓄热介质。According to the different requirements of the ambient temperature during transportation, the insulation equipment may need to be charged or cooled. The cooling equipment needs to charge the cooling medium or the heat storage medium to transmit the cooling medium. As an example. The structure using the heating and cooling equipment is the same as that using the cooling and cooling equipment, except that the medium for heat transfer with the phase change material is a heat storage medium.
如图2-3所示,保温设备1用于存储物品,因此在运输过程中,保温设备内部的温度需要维持在预定的温度范围内。基于以上需求,保温设备包括用于存储物品的保温箱本体11、释放冷量的储能装置12和管路系统13。保温设备包括至少一个储能装置12,储能装置12设置于保温箱本体11内的顶部和/或侧部。储能装置内部容纳有相变材料,相变材料储冷密度大、 释能均匀等温,因此储能装置的冷量持续均匀释放,自动调温,使环境温度恒定在相变点温度附件,维持保温箱本体11内冷藏或冷冻环境。相变材料持续释放冷量,到达一定时间后,需要对其进行冷量的补充。管路系统13接收来自充冷设备2的载冷介质并将载冷介质循环输送至储能装置中。管路13中持续流动的载冷介质与储能装置的相变材料122进行热交换,使相变材料122产生相变,将冷量储存在相变材料122中。As shown in Figure 2-3, the thermal insulation device 1 is used to store items. Therefore, during transportation, the temperature inside the thermal insulation device needs to be maintained within a predetermined temperature range. Based on the above requirements, the thermal insulation equipment includes a thermal insulation box body 11 for storing items, an energy storage device 12 that releases cold energy, and a piping system 13. The thermal insulation equipment includes at least one energy storage device 12, which is disposed on the top and / or sides of the thermal insulation box body 11. The phase change material is contained inside the energy storage device. The phase change material has a large cold storage density and a uniform isothermal energy release. Therefore, the cold energy of the energy storage device is continuously and uniformly released, and the temperature is automatically adjusted to keep the ambient temperature constant at the phase change temperature. A refrigerated or frozen environment in the incubator body 11. Phase change materials continue to release cold energy, and after a certain time, they need to be supplemented with cold energy. The piping system 13 receives the cold carrier medium from the cooling and cooling equipment 2 and circulates the cold carrier medium to the energy storage device. The cold-carrying medium that is continuously flowing in the pipeline 13 performs heat exchange with the phase change material 122 of the energy storage device, causes the phase change material 122 to undergo a phase change, and stores the cold energy in the phase change material 122.
如图4-7所示,储能装置包括壳体121,壳体限定容纳相变材料122的空间。壳体121内还设置有换热器123,换热器123与相变材料122进行热交换。在储能装置进行充冷时,即充冷工况下,换热器中持续供应有载冷介质,相变材料与换热器内的载冷介质进行热交换,产生相变。相变材料完全发生相变后,或符合预定要求后,停止对储能装置进行充冷,即停止载冷介质的供应。相变材料将储存的冷量释放到保温设备1中。As shown in FIGS. 4-7, the energy storage device includes a housing 121 that defines a space that houses the phase change material 122. A heat exchanger 123 is also provided in the casing 121, and the heat exchanger 123 performs heat exchange with the phase change material 122. When the energy storage device is charged and cooled, that is, under the charging and cooling conditions, the heat exchanger is continuously supplied with a cooling medium, and the phase change material exchanges heat with the cooling medium in the heat exchanger to generate a phase change. After the phase change material completely undergoes a phase change, or after meeting the predetermined requirements, the charging and cooling of the energy storage device is stopped, that is, the supply of the cooling medium is stopped. The phase change material releases the stored cold quantity into the thermal insulation device 1.
壳体采用导热性和刚性好的金属材料制作,壳体外部具有散热加强部。散热加强部有两种表现形式。第一种形式,壳体外表面至少部分地设置有散热翅片124,散热翅片124增大了储能装置与保温箱本体内的存储空间的接触面积,利于均匀释放冷量。第二种形式,壳体可以采用平面压板结构,同样增大壳体与保温箱本体内的外部空间的散热接触面积,利于均匀释放冷量。壳体的至少一个壁设置成曲面压板形式,表面的结构可以是压筋板结构、波浪形结构,或其它的具有交替的凸起与凹槽结构。The case is made of a metal material with good thermal conductivity and rigidity, and a heat radiation reinforcing portion is provided outside the case. There are two forms of heat dissipation enhancement. In the first form, heat dissipation fins 124 are at least partially provided on the outer surface of the housing. The heat dissipation fins 124 increase the contact area between the energy storage device and the storage space in the main body of the thermal insulation box, which is conducive to the uniform release of cold energy. In the second form, the shell can adopt a flat plate structure, which also increases the heat radiation contact area between the shell and the external space in the main body of the thermal insulation box, which is conducive to the uniform release of cold energy. At least one wall of the shell is provided in the form of a curved pressing plate, and the surface structure may be a ribbed plate structure, a wavy structure, or other structures having alternating protrusions and grooves.
换热器123浸没在相变材料中,能够冷却相变材料122,当然,根据实际需求,换热器123可选地加热相变材料122。换热器包括至少一组换热单元1231,每组换热单元具有一个载冷介质入口a和一个载冷介质出口b,换热单元包括换热本体和换热加强部。换热本体用于容纳载冷介质,换热本体设置为至少一个管部的形式,实施例一中,换热本体的形式为折弯管125,折弯管包括一个或多个U型折弯,载冷介质在折弯管中流过,同时与相变材料进行热传递。换热加强部用于加强相变材料与换热本体中载冷介质的热传导。为了促进载冷介质与相变材料之间的热交换,折弯管125外部设置有换热加强部,实施例一中,换热加强部为翅片126。换热单元1231包括折弯管125和翅片126。The heat exchanger 123 is immersed in the phase change material and can cool the phase change material 122. Of course, according to actual needs, the heat exchanger 123 can optionally heat the phase change material 122. The heat exchanger includes at least one group of heat exchange units 1231. Each group of heat exchange units has a cold carrier medium inlet a and a cold carrier medium outlet b. The heat exchanger unit includes a heat exchange body and a heat exchange reinforcing portion. The heat-exchanging body is used for accommodating the cooling medium. The heat-exchanging body is provided in the form of at least one tube portion. In the first embodiment, the heat-exchanging body is in the form of a bent pipe 125, and the bent pipe includes one or more U-shaped bends. The cold-loaded medium flows through the bent tube and performs heat transfer with the phase change material at the same time. The heat exchange strengthening part is used to strengthen the heat conduction between the phase change material and the cooling medium in the heat exchange body. In order to promote the heat exchange between the cooling medium and the phase change material, a heat exchange reinforcing portion is provided on the outside of the bending tube 125. In the first embodiment, the heat exchange reinforcing portion is a fin 126. The heat exchange unit 1231 includes a bent tube 125 and a fin 126.
如图4和6所示的实施例一中,折弯管125具有两个U型折弯,位于两侧的三个U型弯头依次连接四个直管部:第一管部1251、第二管部1252、第三管部1253和第四管部1254,第一管部1251设置为具有储能装置12的载冷介质入口a,第四管部1254设置为具有储能装置的载冷介质出口b,载冷介质从入口a进入第一管部,并依次流经四个管部,从出口b流出。这四个管部相邻接,将该方向定义为管部的邻接方向X。换热本体外部设置有换热加强部,将对应到一个管部所设置的换热加强部定义为一个换热加强单元。实施例一中换热加强部为翅片,换热加强单元相应的为翅片。翅片设置为从管部径向向外延伸的直线型或弧型翅片,相邻管部的相邻翅片至少部分地彼此热传导地连接。As shown in the first embodiment shown in FIGS. 4 and 6, the bending pipe 125 has two U-shaped bends, and three U-shaped elbows on the two sides sequentially connect the four straight pipe sections: the first pipe section 1251, the first The second pipe section 1252, the third pipe section 1253, and the fourth pipe section 1254. The first pipe section 1251 is provided as a cold-carrying medium inlet a having the energy storage device 12, and the fourth pipe section 1254 is provided as a cold-carrying medium having an energy storage device. In the medium outlet b, the cooling medium enters the first pipe part from the inlet a, flows through the four pipe parts in sequence, and flows out from the outlet b. These four pipe sections are adjacent to each other, and this direction is defined as the adjacent direction X of the pipe sections. A heat exchange strengthening part is provided outside the heat exchange body, and a heat exchange strengthening part provided corresponding to a tube part is defined as a heat exchange strengthening unit. In the first embodiment, the heat exchange reinforcing part is a fin, and the heat exchange reinforcing unit is a fin. The fins are provided as linear or arc-shaped fins extending radially outward from the pipe portion, and adjacent fins of adjacent pipe portions are at least partially thermally connected to each other.
换热加强单元包括多个换热翅片126,即每个管部外部设置有多个径向向外辐射延伸的翅片126,翅片126在管部的整个轴向长度上延伸,至少部分的翅片为管部提供在邻接方向和/或邻接方向的垂向的支撑力。该实施例中包括两种翅片:连接翅片和支撑翅片。连接翅片为在相邻管部之间的管部的邻接方向上延伸的第一翅片1261,支撑翅片包括在管部邻接方向的 垂直方向上延伸的第二翅片1262,以及在管部与壳体之间的在管部的邻接方向上延伸的第三翅片1263。作为最优实施例,还包括在管部的邻接方向和邻接方向的垂直方向之间的方向上延伸的发散翅片1264。翅片126排布在管部周围,支撑折弯管125,并且承载在壳体的朝向相变材料的表面。在管部的任意一个径向截面上看,翅片126在管部周围形成太阳花模式。每个管部包括两个第二翅片1262,第二翅片可以一直延伸到抵接壳体121内表面,成为顶天立地模式,为管部提供在邻接方向的垂向的支撑力。每个管部包括两个第一翅片1261,相邻管部的相邻第一翅片1261彼此连接在一起,其中一个第一翅片1261具有槽结构,另外一个第一翅片1261具有凸起,第一管部1251的具有槽结构的第一翅片1261与第二管部的具有凸起结构的第一翅片1261通过凸起和凹槽连接在一起,成为手拉手模式,以最大限度增大换热器与相变材料的热交换面积,达到理想的制冷效果,同时为管部提供在邻接方向的支撑力。第二管部1252与第三管部1253、第三管部1253和第四管部1254的换热加强单元采用相同的连接方式。第三翅片1263位于第一管部1251与壳体121之间,可以一直延伸到壳体121内表面,从而支撑折弯管125,当然也可以不延伸到壳体121内表面。The heat exchange strengthening unit includes a plurality of heat exchange fins 126, that is, a plurality of fins 126 extending radially outwardly are provided outside each tube portion, and the fins 126 extend over the entire axial length of the tube portion, at least in part The fins provide the tube portion with vertical support in the abutment direction and / or the abutment direction. This embodiment includes two types of fins: a connection fin and a support fin. The connecting fin is a first fin 1261 extending in the abutting direction of the tube portions between adjacent tube portions, the supporting fin includes a second fin 1262 extending in a vertical direction in the abutting direction of the tube portions, and The third fin 1263 extending between the part and the housing in the abutting direction of the tube part. As a preferred embodiment, divergent fins 1264 extending in a direction between the abutment direction of the tube portion and a direction perpendicular to the abutment direction are also included. The fins 126 are arranged around the tube portion, support the bent tube 125, and are carried on the surface of the casing facing the phase change material. When viewed in any radial section of the tube portion, the fins 126 form a sunflower pattern around the tube portion. Each tube portion includes two second fins 1262. The second fins can extend up to abut the inner surface of the housing 121, and become a ceiling mode, providing the tube portions with vertical support in adjacent directions. Each tube portion includes two first fins 1261. Adjacent first fins 1261 of adjacent tube portions are connected to each other. One of the first fins 1261 has a groove structure, and the other of the first fins 1261 has a convex shape. As a result, the first fin 1261 with a groove structure of the first pipe portion 1251 and the first fin 1261 with a convex structure of the second pipe portion are connected together by protrusions and grooves, and become a hand-in-hand mode, with the largest Increase the heat exchange area between the heat exchanger and the phase change material to the limit, to achieve the ideal cooling effect, and at the same time, provide the pipe section with a supporting force in the adjacent direction. The second tube portion 1252 and the third tube portion 1253, the third tube portion 1253, and the fourth tube portion 1254 have the same connection method. The third fin 1263 is located between the first tube portion 1251 and the casing 121 and may extend all the way to the inner surface of the casing 121 so as to support the bent tube 125, but it may not extend to the inner surface of the casing 121.
翅片126可以采用其它的结构形式,例如直线型或弧型翅片,具体形式如图12所示,只要增大所述相变材料与换热器的接触面积即可。图7-11是本发明实施例二到六中储能装置换热器截面示意图。翅片可以至少部分的从折弯管125径向向外延伸,或者至少部分地从折弯管125轴向延伸,或者分布在所述折弯管125不同的轴向位置上,或者以螺旋方式盘绕在折弯管125本体周围。The fins 126 may adopt other structural forms, such as linear or arc fins. The specific form is shown in FIG. 12, as long as the contact area between the phase change material and the heat exchanger is increased. 7-11 are schematic cross-sectional views of a heat exchanger of an energy storage device in Embodiments 2 to 6 of the present invention. The fins may extend at least partially radially outward from the bending tube 125, or at least partially extend axially from the bending tube 125, or be distributed at different axial positions of the bending tube 125, or in a spiral manner Coiled around the body of the bending tube 125.
换热器123可以具有一个换热单元、两个换热单元,三个换热单元或更多个换热单元,每个换热单元的入口a可连接至同一个管路接收载冷介质,出口b连接至另外的一个管路使载冷介质回流。相邻换热单元的相邻的换热加强单元至少部分地彼此热传导地连接。实施例一中,一个换热器具有第一换热单元1231和第二换热单元1232这两个相邻的换热单元。相邻换热单元的相邻的换热加强单元至少部分地连接在一起,第一换热单元和第二换热单元在邻接方向X上邻接,第一换热单元的第四管部1254的第一翅片1261与第二换热单元1232的第一管部1251的第一翅片通过凸起和凹槽连接在一起,两个换热单元整体成为手拉手模式。第二换热单元1232的第四管部1254与壳体121之间的第三翅片1263可以一直延伸到壳体121内表面,从而支撑折弯管125,当然第三翅片1263也可以不延伸到壳体内表面。The heat exchanger 123 may have one heat exchange unit, two heat exchange units, three heat exchange units or more heat exchange units, and the inlet a of each heat exchange unit may be connected to the same pipeline to receive the cold medium, The outlet b is connected to another pipeline for returning the cooling medium. Adjacent heat exchange strengthening units of adjacent heat exchange units are at least partially thermally connected to each other. In the first embodiment, one heat exchanger has two adjacent heat exchange units, a first heat exchange unit 1231 and a second heat exchange unit 1232. Adjacent heat exchange strengthening units of adjacent heat exchange units are at least partially connected together, the first heat exchange unit and the second heat exchange unit are adjacent in the abutting direction X, and the fourth pipe portion 1254 of the first heat exchange unit The first fins 1261 and the first fins of the first tube portion 1251 of the second heat exchange unit 1232 are connected together by protrusions and grooves, and the two heat exchange units as a whole become a hand-in-hand mode. The third fin 1263 between the fourth tube portion 1254 of the second heat exchange unit 1232 and the case 121 may extend to the inner surface of the case 121 to support the bent pipe 125. Of course, the third fin 1263 may not be provided. Extends to the inner surface of the housing.
为了加快相变材料产生相变,翅片126可以制造成粗糙表面,也可以设置通孔。另外,壳体内还可以填充有晶核,晶核优选为蜂窝状物质,例如蜂窝铝127。In order to accelerate the phase change of the phase change material, the fins 126 can be manufactured with a rough surface or through holes can be provided. In addition, the shell may also be filled with crystal nucleus, and the crystal nucleus is preferably a honeycomb substance, such as honeycomb aluminum 127.
如图4-6所示,换热单元的横截面包括圆形部分1254和圆形周围的多个散射线部分1261-1264,圆形部分1254为换热本体,散热线部分1261-1264为换热加强部。散射线部分1261-1264增大了相变材料122与换热器123的接触面积。散热线1261-1264围绕圆形部分1254设置,至少部分地从圆形部分径向向外延伸,散热线1261-1264支撑圆形部分1254,并且延伸至壳体121的边界。散射线为从圆形部分径向向外延伸的直线或弯折线。换热器112包括多组换热单元。根据前面的记载,实施例一中,换热器112包括两组换热单元1231和1232,换热本体为折弯管125,折弯管125包括第一管部1251、第二管部1252、第三管部1253和第四 管部1254,换热加强单元包括多个换热翅片126,第一翅片1261,第三翅片1263,第二翅片1262,发散翅片1264。对应到换热单元的横截面上,每个换热单元包括四个圆形部分1251-1254,相邻的圆形部分1251和1252通过第一翅片对应的散射线1261和相邻的第一翅片对应的散射线1261连接在一起,从而构成手拉手结构,第二翅片对应的散射线1262延伸到壳体121的边界,从而构成顶天立地结构。第一翅片对应的散射线1261,第三翅片对应的散射线1263,第二翅片对应的散射线1262,发散翅片1264对应的散射线分别从圆形部分径向向外延伸,整个截面构成太阳花结构。第一换热单元1231的第一翅片对应的散射线1261与相邻的第二换热单元1232的第一翅片对应的散射线1261连接在一起,两个换热单元整体成为手拉手模式。As shown in Figure 4-6, the cross section of the heat exchange unit includes a circular portion 1254 and a plurality of scattering line portions 1261-1264 around the circle. The circular portion 1254 is the heat exchange body, and the heat radiation line portion 1261-1264 is a replacement. Thermal strengthening department. The scattering line portions 1261-1264 increase the contact area of the phase change material 122 and the heat exchanger 123. The heat dissipation lines 1261-1264 are disposed around the circular portion 1254, and extend at least partially radially outward from the circular portion. The heat dissipation lines 1261-1264 support the circular portion 1254 and extend to the boundary of the housing 121. Scattering lines are straight or bent lines extending radially outward from the circular portion. The heat exchanger 112 includes a plurality of groups of heat exchange units. According to the previous record, in the first embodiment, the heat exchanger 112 includes two groups of heat exchange units 1231 and 1232. The heat exchange body is a bent pipe 125, and the bent pipe 125 includes a first pipe portion 1251, a second pipe portion 1252, and the like. The third tube portion 1253 and the fourth tube portion 1254, the heat exchange strengthening unit includes a plurality of heat exchange fins 126, a first fin 1261, a third fin 1263, a second fin 1262, and a divergent fin 1264. Corresponding to the cross section of the heat exchange unit, each heat exchange unit includes four circular portions 1251-1254, and the adjacent circular portions 1251 and 1252 pass through the scattering lines 1261 corresponding to the first fin and the adjacent first The scattering lines 1261 corresponding to the fins are connected together to form a hand-in-hand structure, and the scattering lines 1262 corresponding to the second fins extend to the boundary of the housing 121, thereby forming a ceiling structure. The scattering lines 1261 corresponding to the first fin, the scattering lines 1263 corresponding to the third fin, the scattering lines 1262 corresponding to the second fin, and the scattering lines corresponding to the diverging fin 1264 extend radially outward from the circular portion, respectively. The cross section constitutes the sun flower structure. The scattering lines 1261 corresponding to the first fins of the first heat exchange unit 1231 are connected to the scattering lines 1261 corresponding to the first fins of the adjacent second heat exchange unit 1232, and the two heat exchange units as a whole become a hand-in-hand mode. .
根据运输货物的温控要求,可以定制不同种类大小的保温设备。保温设备可以是保温集装箱(如图2所示)、保温冷柜、保温冷库或保温运输车(如图15所示),在保温箱本体11内部可以设有多个储能装置12,储能装置12设置于保温箱本体11内的顶部和/或侧部。保温设备能够作为移动冷库,直接用于无冷库的工作环境;同时能够适用于铁路货运列车无法提供电源的情况,也适合于公铁联运的运输模式。According to the temperature control requirements of the transported goods, different types of insulation equipment can be customized. The thermal insulation equipment can be a thermal insulation container (as shown in FIG. 2), a thermal insulation refrigerator, a thermal insulation refrigerator or a thermal insulation transport vehicle (as shown in FIG. 15). A plurality of energy storage devices 12 can be provided inside the insulation box body 11, 12 is provided on the top and / or the side of the incubator body 11. The thermal insulation equipment can be used as a mobile cold storage, which can be directly used in a working environment without a cold storage; at the same time, it can be applied to the situation that the railway freight train cannot provide power, and it is also suitable for the public-rail combined transportation mode.
图2为一种保温集装箱,该保温集装箱采用保温材料聚氨酯发泡保温工艺制作,可以加厚保温层以有效提高保温效果。保温集装箱采用国际通用集装箱尺寸,例如20英尺或40英尺,集装箱宽度方向至少能容纳2个标准托盘。增加预埋筋板以保证顶部和端部符合承重需求,储能装置通过支架固定于箱体预埋筋中。保温集装箱外部具有接收载冷介质的进口接头131和输出使用后的载冷介质的出口接头132。保温集装箱内部设置有充冷管路13,充冷管路13与储能装置12的换热器123的入口a和出口b相连。充冷过程中,向换热器123不断地充入符合温度要求的载冷介质,并将使用后的载冷介质回流至充冷设备,使得符合温度要求的载冷介质在管路13内运行,促使相变材料122温度降低,温度低至相变点时发生相变,储存冷量。可以通过设置于管路13中间部位的阀门调节流入各储能装置12的流量,从而保证流量一致,达到理想的充冷效果。Fig. 2 is a kind of thermal insulation container, which is made of thermal insulation material polyurethane foam thermal insulation technology, which can increase the thermal insulation layer to effectively improve the thermal insulation effect. The insulated container adopts the international universal container size, such as 20 feet or 40 feet, and the container can accommodate at least 2 standard pallets in the width direction. An embedded steel plate is added to ensure that the top and end meet the load-bearing requirements. The energy storage device is fixed in the embedded steel box through a bracket. The thermal insulation container has an inlet joint 131 for receiving the cooling medium and an outlet joint 132 for outputting the cooling medium after use. The heat preservation container is provided with a charging and cooling pipe 13 therein, and the charging and cooling pipe 13 is connected to the inlet a and the outlet b of the heat exchanger 123 of the energy storage device 12. During the charging and cooling process, the heat exchanger 123 is continuously charged with a cooling medium that meets the temperature requirements, and the used cooling medium is returned to the cooling equipment, so that the cooling medium that meets the temperature requirements runs in the pipeline 13 The temperature of the phase change material 122 is reduced, and the phase change occurs when the temperature reaches the phase change point, and the cold capacity is stored. The flow rate into each energy storage device 12 can be adjusted by a valve provided in the middle portion of the pipeline 13 so as to ensure a consistent flow rate and achieve an ideal charging and cooling effect.
本发明低温储存与运输系统的保温设备利用相变储能装置进行温度控制,利用相变材料特性,先对相变材料充冷,依靠相变材料的储存冷量,脱离电源维持保温设备冷藏环境,不需要设置动力源,实现无源制冷;运行安全性显著提高,避免运输途中人为干扰制冷,避免人为破坏物品运输温度环境造成的物品损坏。保温设备的储能装置设置有换热加强部,换热加强部增大相变材料与换热器的接触面积,使得保温设备释冷均匀,温度波动度小,控温精准,降低货物腐损率,有效保证了货物品质。并且保温设备的储能装置采用的相变材料储冷密度大、潜热值高,无毒,无腐蚀,无污染;使用安全,不易燃易爆,循环性能稳定,使用周期长。储能装置与其他结构均为机械连接,维护保养方便,运输成本低。The thermal insulation equipment of the low-temperature storage and transportation system of the present invention uses a phase-change energy storage device for temperature control. Using the characteristics of the phase-change material, the phase-change material is charged and cooled first. It is not necessary to set a power source to achieve passive cooling; the operation safety is significantly improved, to avoid artificial interference during the transportation, and to avoid damage to the goods caused by the artificial destruction of the temperature environment. The energy storage device of the heat insulation equipment is provided with a heat exchange strengthening part, which increases the contact area of the phase change material and the heat exchanger, so that the heat insulation equipment can release the cold uniformly, the temperature fluctuation is small, the temperature control is accurate, and the cargo damage is reduced. Rate, which effectively guarantees the quality of the goods. In addition, the phase change material used in the energy storage device of the thermal insulation equipment has a large cold storage density, high latent heat value, non-toxic, non-corrosive, and no pollution; it is safe to use, non-flammable and explosive, stable cycle performance, and long service life. The energy storage device is mechanically connected to other structures, which facilitates maintenance and low transportation costs.
充冷设备2是低温储存与运输系统的重要组成部分,是保温设备1的冷量来源。充冷设备2首先内部的载冷介质进行制冷,然后将符合预定要求的载冷介质通过充冷管路和保温设备的管路13系统输送至储能装置12中,使储能装置12中的相变材料122发生相变。如图12-14所示,充冷设备2包括第一传输装置,将来自储存装置的符合预定要求的载冷介质Z输出以 供使用,并将使用后的待制冷载冷介质Y传输至储存装置;储存装置,储存装置用于容纳载冷介质,并使载冷介质保持在一定的温度范围内,实施例一中储存装置为保温水箱23;第二传输装置,从储存装置接收待制冷载冷介质Y并将制冷后的符合预定要求的载冷介质Z传输至所述储存装置。保温水箱23至少包括第一储存单元231和第二储存单元232,第一储存单元设置用于容纳符合预定要求的载冷介质Z,例如乙二醇水溶液,第二储存单元设置用于容纳待制冷载冷介质Y。还可以包括第三储存单元或更多储存单元。Charging and cooling equipment 2 is an important part of the low-temperature storage and transportation system, and is a source of cold energy for the thermal insulation equipment 1. The charging and cooling equipment 2 first cools the internal cooling medium, and then transfers the cooling medium that meets the predetermined requirements to the energy storage device 12 through the cooling and cooling pipeline and the pipeline 13 system of the heat preservation equipment, so that the The phase change material 122 undergoes a phase change. As shown in Figure 12-14, the cooling and cooling equipment 2 includes a first transmission device, which outputs the cold carrier medium Z that meets predetermined requirements from the storage device for use, and transmits the used cold carrier medium Y to be stored to the storage after use. Storage device, the storage device is used to contain the cooling medium and keep the cooling medium within a certain temperature range. The storage device in the first embodiment is a heat preservation water tank 23; the second transmission device receives the cooling medium from the storage device. The cooling medium Y transmits the cooled cooling medium Z that meets the predetermined requirements to the storage device. The heat-insulating water tank 23 includes at least a first storage unit 231 and a second storage unit 232. The first storage unit is configured to accommodate a cooling medium Z that meets a predetermined requirement, such as an aqueous solution of ethylene glycol, and the second storage unit is configured to accommodate a cooling medium Carrying cold medium Y. A third storage unit or more storage units may also be included.
实施例一中,第一传输装置包括外循环泵21和外循环管路22,第二传输装置包括内循环泵24和内循环管路25。外循环泵21从第一储存单元231将符合预定要求的载冷介质Z经外循环管路22输出以供使用,并将使用后的待制冷载冷介质Y经管路传输至第二储存单元232。在第二传输装置的传输路径上存在制冷机组26,内循环泵24从第二储存单元232接收待制冷载冷介质Y,将待制冷载冷介质Y通过内循环管路25送入制冷机组26进行制冷,使得载冷介质的温度符合预定要求,内循环管路25继续将制冷后的符合预定要求的载冷介质Z传输至第一储存单元231。In the first embodiment, the first transmission device includes an external circulation pump 21 and an external circulation pipeline 22, and the second transmission device includes an internal circulation pump 24 and an internal circulation pipeline 25. The external circulation pump 21 outputs the cooling medium Z that meets the predetermined requirements from the first storage unit 231 through the external circulation pipe 22 for use, and transmits the used cooling medium Y to be cooled to the second storage unit 232 after the use. . There is a refrigeration unit 26 on the transmission path of the second transmission device. The internal circulation pump 24 receives the cooling medium Y to be cooled from the second storage unit 232 and sends the cooling medium Y to be cooled to the refrigeration unit 26 through the internal circulation pipe 25. Refrigeration is performed so that the temperature of the cooling medium meets the predetermined requirements, and the inner circulation pipeline 25 continues to transmit the cooled cooling medium Z that meets the predetermined requirements to the first storage unit 231.
充冷设备2通过外循环实现充冷设备的充冷模式,对保温设备1进行充冷。第一传输装置通过外循环泵21持续地将第一储存单元231的符合预定要求的载冷介质Z通过外循环管路22输入到保温设备1的用于接收载冷介质的进口接头131,载冷介质通过保温设备1的管路13进入到储能装置12的换热器123中,与相变材料122进行热交换,将冷量导入相变材料122。使用后的待制冷载冷介质Y通过保温设备1的出口接头132输出;第一传输装置的外循环管路22传输使用后的待制冷载冷介质Y,并通过置于第二储存单元顶部的外循环管路22末端的喷淋装置回流到第二储存单元232。The cooling and cooling equipment 2 implements the cooling and cooling mode of the cooling and cooling equipment through external circulation, and the cooling and cooling equipment 1 is charged and cooled. The first transmission device continuously inputs the cold storage medium Z of the first storage unit 231 that meets the predetermined requirements through the external circulation pump 21 to the inlet joint 131 of the thermal insulation device 1 for receiving the cold storage medium through the outer circulation pipeline 22, The cold medium enters the heat exchanger 123 of the energy storage device 12 through the pipeline 13 of the thermal insulation device 1, performs heat exchange with the phase change material 122, and introduces the cold energy into the phase change material 122. The used cooling medium Y to be cooled is output through the outlet joint 132 of the thermal insulation device 1; the outer circulation pipe 22 of the first transmission device transmits the used cooling medium Y to be cooled, and is passed through the second storage unit. The spraying device at the end of the external circulation pipe 22 is returned to the second storage unit 232.
充冷设备2通过内循环实现充冷设备2的制冷模式,将使用后的待制冷载冷介质Y制冷成为符合预定要求的载冷介质Z。第二传输装置的内循环泵24持续地将第二储存单元232的待制冷载冷介质Y通过内循环管路25输入到制冷机组26的板式换热器内,板式换热器将冷量导入到载冷介质中,载冷介质被制冷后继续通过内循环管路25传输,并通过置于第一储存单元顶部231的管路末端的喷淋装置进入到第一储存单元231,往复循环,最终使保温水箱23内温度整体降低至目标预定温度。保温水箱23为箱体结构,箱体内有隔板233,隔板233将保温水箱23分隔为第一储存单元231和第二储存单元232,第一储存单元231和第二储存单元232可以是流体连通的。第一储存单元231和第二储存单元232和通过隔板233分开,从而将使用后的待制冷载冷介质Y和符合预定要求的载冷介质Z大体分开,两种温度的介质分别在各自的储存空间内形成团流,并且回流的载冷介质均通过喷淋装置快速均匀地喷入储存单元中,能够增强第一储存单元和第二储存单元内部的团流,从而使得保温水箱每个储存单元内介质温度更加均匀。第一储存单元231输出的符合预定要求的载冷介质Z温度均匀,便于提高充冷效率,第二储存单元232接收温度相对较高的使用后的待制冷载冷介质Y,集中送入制冷机组进行制冷,便于提高制冷效率。The cooling and cooling equipment 2 realizes the cooling mode of the cooling and cooling equipment 2 through an internal cycle, and cools the used cooling medium Y to be cooled into a cooling medium Z that meets predetermined requirements. The internal circulation pump 24 of the second transmission device continuously inputs the cold storage medium Y to be cooled of the second storage unit 232 into the plate heat exchanger of the refrigeration unit 26 through the internal circulation pipe 25, and the plate heat exchanger introduces the cooling capacity Into the cold storage medium, after being cooled, the cold storage medium continues to be transmitted through the internal circulation pipeline 25, and enters the first storage unit 231 through a spraying device located at the end of the pipeline on the top 231 of the first storage unit, and reciprocates. Finally, the temperature in the heat preservation water tank 23 as a whole is reduced to a target predetermined temperature. The heat preservation water tank 23 is a box structure. There is a partition 233 in the box. The partition 233 divides the heat preservation water tank 23 into a first storage unit 231 and a second storage unit 232. The first storage unit 231 and the second storage unit 232 may be fluid. Connected. The first storage unit 231 and the second storage unit 232 are separated from each other by a partition plate 233, so that the used cooling medium Y to be cooled and the cooling medium Z that meets the predetermined requirements are generally separated. A mass flow is formed in the storage space, and the returned cooling medium is quickly and uniformly sprayed into the storage unit through a spray device, which can enhance the mass flow inside the first storage unit and the second storage unit, thereby enabling each storage of the thermal water tank The temperature of the medium in the unit is more uniform. The temperature of the cooling medium Z that meets the predetermined requirements output by the first storage unit 231 is uniform, which is convenient for improving the cooling efficiency. The second storage unit 232 receives the used cooling medium Y that is relatively cold after being used, and sends it to the refrigeration unit. Refrigeration is convenient for improving cooling efficiency.
如图13所示,第一储存单元231上设置有至少一个用于将符合预定要求的载冷介质Z向外输出的第一出液管路221和用于接收第二传输装置传输的符合预定要求的载冷介质Z的第 一进液管路242。第二储存单元232上设置有用于将使用后的待制冷载冷介质Y向外输出的第二出液管路241和至少一个用于接收使用后的待制冷载冷介质Y的第二进液管路222。图14中示出了各进出液管路在保温水箱23上的出口接头,各出液管路连接至储存单元内部,其中第一出液管路221和/或第二出液管路241设置于储存单元下部。第一进液管路242和/或第二进液管路222设置于储存单元上部。As shown in FIG. 13, the first storage unit 231 is provided with at least one first liquid discharge pipe 221 for outputting the cold carrier medium Z that meets predetermined requirements to the outside and a predetermined compliance for receiving transmission from the second transmission device. The first liquid inlet line 242 of the required cooling medium Z. The second storage unit 232 is provided with a second liquid outlet pipe 241 for outputting the used cooling medium Y to be cooled out and at least one second liquid inlet for receiving the used cooling medium Y to be cooled.管 222。 222. FIG. 14 shows the outlet joints of the inlet and outlet liquid pipes on the insulated water tank 23, and each outlet pipe is connected to the inside of the storage unit, where the first liquid outlet pipe 221 and / or the second liquid outlet pipe 241 are provided At the bottom of the storage unit. The first liquid inlet line 242 and / or the second liquid inlet line 222 are disposed on the upper part of the storage unit.
如图13-14所示,充冷模式工作过程如下,第一传输装置的外循环泵21持续地将第一储存单元231的符合预定要求的载冷介质Z通过第一出液管路221和外循环管路22输入到保温设备1的用于接收载冷介质的进口接头131,载冷介质通过保温设备1的管路13进入到储能装置12的换热器123中,与相变材料122进行热交换,将冷量导入相变材料122。使用后的待制冷载冷介质Y通过保温设备1的出口接头132输出;第一传输装置的外循环管路22传输使用后的待制冷载冷介质Y,并通过置于第二储存单元顶部的第二进液管路222末端的喷淋装置回流到第二储存单元232。制冷模式工作过程如下,第二传输装置的内循环泵24持续地将第二储存单元232的待制冷载冷介质Y通过第二出液管路241和内循环管路25输入到制冷机组26的板式换热器内,板式换热器将冷量导入到载冷介质中,载冷介质被制冷后继续通过内循环管路25继续传输,并通过置于第一储存单元顶部231的第一进液管路242末端的喷淋装置进入到第一储存单元231,往复循环,最终使保温水箱23内温度整体降低至目标预定温度。As shown in FIG. 13-14, the working process in the charge and cold mode is as follows. The external circulation pump 21 of the first transmission device continuously passes the cold storage medium Z of the first storage unit 231 that meets the predetermined requirements through the first liquid outlet pipe 221 and The external circulation pipeline 22 is input to the inlet joint 131 of the heat insulation equipment 1 for receiving the cold medium, and the cold medium enters the heat exchanger 123 of the energy storage device 12 through the pipeline 13 of the heat insulation equipment 1, and the phase change material 122 performs heat exchange and introduces the cold energy into the phase change material 122. The used cooling medium Y to be cooled is output through the outlet joint 132 of the thermal insulation device 1; the outer circulation pipe 22 of the first transmission device transmits the used cooling medium Y to be cooled, and is passed through the second storage unit. The spraying device at the end of the second liquid inlet pipe 222 flows back to the second storage unit 232. The working mode of the cooling mode is as follows. The internal circulation pump 24 of the second transmission device continuously inputs the cold medium to be cooled Y of the second storage unit 232 to the refrigeration unit 26 through the second liquid outlet pipe 241 and the internal circulation pipe 25. In the plate heat exchanger, the plate heat exchanger introduces the cold energy into the cold carrier medium. After the cold carrier medium is refrigerated, it continues to be transmitted through the internal circulation pipe 25 and passes through the first inlet unit 231 placed on the top of the first storage unit. The spraying device at the end of the liquid pipe 242 enters the first storage unit 231, and reciprocates, and finally reduces the temperature in the heat preservation water tank 23 as a whole to a target predetermined temperature.
充冷设备2通过外循环实现充冷模式,输出符合预定要求的载冷介质Z,将冷量传输至保温设备1的储能装置12,并接收使用后的待制冷载冷介质Y。充冷设备2通过内循环实现制冷模式,将回流至保温水箱23的使用后的待制冷载冷介质Y制冷成为符合预定要求的载冷介质Z,从而能够应用于充冷工况。充冷设备2的工作模式可以采用直接充冷模式和间接充冷模式。充冷装备2的储存装置能够储存大量载冷介质,使得其可在大量载冷介质制冷达到预定的温度之后,对单个或多个保温设备进行充冷;直接充冷模式下,同时开启制冷模式和充冷模式,达到快速充冷的效果。间接充冷模式下,制冷模块和充冷模式分离进行。The cooling and cooling device 2 realizes a cooling and cooling mode through an external circulation, outputs a cooling medium Z that meets predetermined requirements, transmits the cooling capacity to the energy storage device 12 of the thermal insulation device 1, and receives the used cooling medium Y after cooling. The cooling and cooling device 2 realizes a cooling mode through internal circulation, and cools the used cooling medium Y after returning to the heat preservation water tank 23 into a cooling medium Z that meets predetermined requirements, so that it can be applied to cooling and cooling conditions. The working mode of the cooling and cooling device 2 can be a direct cooling mode and an indirect cooling mode. The storage device of the charging and cooling equipment 2 can store a large amount of cooling medium, so that it can charge a single or multiple thermal insulation equipment after the large amount of cooling medium has cooled to a predetermined temperature; in the direct charging and cooling mode, the cooling mode is turned on at the same time. And charge and cool mode, to achieve the effect of fast charge and cold. In the indirect charging and cooling mode, the cooling module and the charging and cooling mode are performed separately.
充冷设备2还可以包括电控箱;在第一出液管路221和/或第二出液管路241和/或第一进液管路242和/或第二进液管路222的附近设置有温度传感器和流量传感器;传感器与电控箱相连,通过plc编程,对充冷设备进行自动控制。可以通过显示设备查看充冷设备的充冷流量、出液管路和进液管路的温度、水箱各位置载冷介质的温度以及载冷介质的平均温度,同时可以监控设备工作压力、电流等状态信息。The charging and cooling device 2 may further include an electric control box; the first liquid inlet pipe 221 and / or the second liquid outlet pipe 241 and / or the first liquid inlet pipe 242 and / or the second liquid inlet pipe 222 A temperature sensor and a flow sensor are arranged nearby; the sensor is connected to the electric control box, and the charging and cooling equipment is automatically controlled by PLC programming. You can use the display device to view the cooling and cooling flow of the cooling and cooling equipment, the temperature of the liquid outlet pipe and the liquid inlet pipe, the temperature of the cooling medium at each position of the water tank, and the average temperature of the cooling medium. status information.
根据充冷需求的不同,配合信息监控系统,可以构建充冷网络,定制充冷方案。充冷设备可以小型化,制作成移动式充冷设备。将保温水箱小型化,与高效率制冷机组和控制柜置于集装箱中,并在集装箱内和/或保温水箱外部设置保温材料,从而制成充冷集装箱,将所需一定量的载冷介质高速制冷、反复充冷。充冷集装箱采用20英尺或40英尺等标准集装箱尺寸,具有运输通用性。将保温水箱、制冷机组和控制柜置于车厢中,并在车厢内和/或保温水箱外部设置保温材料,从而制成充冷车,可随车移动补充冷量;适合为短途干线运输、固定充冷站辐射不足区域等临时货源地补充冷源,并且可以同时为两台保温箱补充冷量。保温水 箱外部设置有保温层,冲冷集装箱、冲冷车的内部也可以设置保温层,使得保温水箱保温效果好,在实际工作中,储存在保温水箱中的载冷介质在24小时之内的温度变化不超过1℃。According to the different cooling and cooling requirements, with the information monitoring system, you can build a cooling and cooling network and customize cooling and cooling solutions. The cooling and cooling equipment can be miniaturized and made into a mobile cooling and cooling equipment. Minimize the heat preservation water tank, place it in a container with a high-efficiency refrigeration unit and a control cabinet, and install heat insulation materials in the container and / or outside the heat preservation water tank to form a cold-filled container, which will require a certain amount of cooling medium at high speed Refrigerate and charge repeatedly. Charging and cooling containers use standard container sizes such as 20 feet or 40 feet, and are transportable. The heat preservation water tank, refrigeration unit and control cabinet are placed in the compartment, and heat insulation materials are provided in the compartment and / or outside the heat preservation water tank to form a cold-filled vehicle that can be replenished with the movement of the vehicle; suitable for short-distance trunk transportation Recharge cold sources at temporary cargo sources such as insufficient radiation areas in charging and cooling stations, and can replenish cooling capacity for two insulation boxes at the same time. A heat preservation layer is provided on the outside of the heat preservation water tank, and the heat preservation layer can also be provided inside the flushing container and the refrigerated car, so that the heat preservation water tank has a good thermal insulation effect. In actual work, the cooling medium stored in the heat preservation water tank is within 24 hours The temperature change does not exceed 1 ° C.
充冷设备也可以大型化,制作成为充冷站或充冷桩的形式,充冷站适合用于货物集中的铁路货场、企业仓库、电商货仓或在保温箱集中周转地或物流基地。通过快装管路及充冷桩将备好的冷以载冷介质的形式充入设备中,可同时满足多台保温设备的充冷需求。小型充冷桩可以与新能源汽车的充电桩配合,使充冷桩接口与充电桩的接口匹配,或引用充电桩的电源作为动力源,为单台保温设备充冷。The cooling and cooling equipment can also be large-scaled and made into the form of cooling and cooling stations or cooling and cooling piles. The cooling and cooling stations are suitable for railway freight yards, enterprise warehouses, e-commerce warehouses with centralized cargo, or centralized turnaround places or logistics bases in insulated boxes. The prepared cold is filled into the equipment in the form of a cooling medium through quick-installed pipes and cold-filling piles, which can simultaneously meet the cooling and cooling requirements of multiple thermal insulation equipment. The small charging and cooling pile can be matched with the charging pile of new energy vehicles to match the interface of the charging and cooling pile and the interface of the charging pile, or use the power source of the charging pile as a power source to charge and cool a single insulation device.
冷量的来源除了通过设备或冷站自身制冷机组制冷外,还可通过外部冷源吸收转化,如将液化气行业的散失冷量进行收集,并加以利用。极大的提高了冷经济效果,降低成本。同时制冷机组也可通过谷间低价电进行冷量的提前制备,降低电网的综合成本和充冷成本。The source of cold energy is not only cooled by the equipment or the cooling station's own refrigeration unit, but also absorbed and transformed by an external cold source, such as collecting and using the lost cold energy of the liquefied gas industry. Greatly improve the cold economic effect and reduce costs. At the same time, the refrigeration unit can also prepare the cooling capacity in advance through low-cost electricity between the valleys, reducing the overall cost of the power grid and the cost of charging and cooling.
本发明低温储存与运输系统的充冷设备结构布局合理,保温水箱内介质温度均匀,能够显著提高制冷、充冷总体效率。同时充冷设备与保温设备分离,使制冷与充冷工况分离,保温设备内部为物理制冷,不会发生机械结构或电控设备等的故障,降低了保温设备在运输环节产生的设备故障率,维护保养方便,同时不能人为关闭或阻止相变材料释放冷量,杜绝冷链断链情况的发生,运输安全可靠。The structure of the charging and cooling equipment of the low-temperature storage and transportation system of the present invention is reasonable in structure and the temperature of the medium in the thermal insulation water tank is uniform, which can significantly improve the overall efficiency of cooling and cooling. At the same time, the charging and cooling equipment is separated from the thermal insulation equipment, which separates the refrigeration and charging and cooling conditions. The interior of the thermal insulation equipment is physical refrigeration, and no failure of mechanical structure or electrical control equipment occurs, which reduces the equipment failure rate of the thermal insulation equipment during transportation. It is convenient for maintenance, meanwhile, it is impossible to artificially close or prevent the phase change material from releasing the cold quantity, to prevent the occurrence of cold chain disconnection, and the transportation is safe and reliable.
本发明低温储存与运输系统的控制系统3具有状态监测、路径规划和结算付款功能,是低温储存与运输系统实现保温设备及其储能装置状态监测,并实现系统信息处理平台的基础。信息控制系统3包括信息采集模块31以及中央处理单元32。其中信息采集模块31获取保温设备和充冷设备的状态数据和位置数据,信息采集模块31位于待监测设备(包括保温设备和充冷设备)中,包括设有传感器、可连接多个传感器的采集板、主控设备以及电源、天线等设备,其中的主控设备通过无线通信模块将状态数据和位置数据发送给所述中央处理单元32,其中中央处理单元32为远端服务器32,中央处理单元基于状态数据和位置数据获得保温设备和/或充冷设备在运输过程中的规划数据。The control system 3 of the low-temperature storage and transportation system of the present invention has the functions of condition monitoring, path planning, and settlement and payment, and is the basis for the low-temperature storage and transportation system to realize the status monitoring of the thermal insulation equipment and its energy storage device, and the system information processing platform. The information control system 3 includes an information acquisition module 31 and a central processing unit 32. The information acquisition module 31 acquires the status data and position data of the thermal insulation equipment and the cooling and cooling equipment. The information acquisition module 31 is located in the equipment to be monitored (including the thermal insulation equipment and the cooling and cooling equipment). Board, main control device, power supply, antenna and other devices, among which the main control device sends status data and position data to the central processing unit 32 through a wireless communication module, where the central processing unit 32 is a remote server 32 and the central processing unit Obtain planning data of the thermal insulation equipment and / or cooling and cooling equipment during transportation based on the status data and location data.
通过状态监测模块对保温设备和充冷设备进行状态监测。保温设备本体构成物品的容纳空间,为保证保温设备内各个部位所储存的物品均处于合适的环境中,需要对保温设备进行多点监控,在容纳空间内均匀布置有多个温度传感器和湿度传感器。储能装置是保证保温设备正常工作的重要部件,需要对相变材料的状态进行监控,在储能装置内部均匀布置有多个温度传感器。为了监控主控设备,在主控设备上也内置了温度传感器和湿度传感器。充冷设备中设置有多个温度传感器,在符合预定要求的载冷介质的出口管路还设置有流量传感器。The condition monitoring module performs condition monitoring on the thermal insulation equipment and the cooling and cooling equipment. The main body of the thermal insulation equipment constitutes a storage space for the articles. In order to ensure that the items stored in various parts of the thermal insulation equipment are in a suitable environment, multi-point monitoring of the thermal insulation equipment is needed, and multiple temperature sensors and humidity sensors are evenly arranged in the storage space. . The energy storage device is an important component to ensure the normal operation of the thermal insulation equipment. The state of the phase change material needs to be monitored. A plurality of temperature sensors are evenly arranged inside the energy storage device. In order to monitor the main control device, a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor are also built in the main control device. The charging and cooling equipment is provided with a plurality of temperature sensors, and a flow sensor is also provided in the outlet pipeline of the cooling medium that meets the predetermined requirements.
对各传感器进行标定,明确传感器的电阻值与温度值和湿度值的对应关系。各传感器将电阻值的变化以电信号的形式通过电缆传输至采集板,每个采集板均通过多心电缆线与主控设备和电源相连,各采集板的数据以电信号形式传输至主控设备,主控设备内芯片提前编译程序,通过前期标定工作,将不同的电阻阻值计算成温度或湿度。各设备的温度和湿度信息以数据包的形式,由天线设备传输至远端服务器。服务器端搭建网络平台,将数据包破解并 存储。客户可通过互联网登录查看设备信息。包括储能装置各位置探头温度、保温设备内环境温度、湿度。服务器储存一定时期的数据,作为备份,实现可追溯性。Calibrate each sensor to clarify the corresponding relationship between the sensor's resistance value and temperature and humidity values. Each sensor transmits the change of resistance value in the form of electrical signals to the acquisition board through a cable. Each acquisition board is connected to the main control device and the power supply through a multi-core cable. The data of each acquisition board is transmitted to the main control in the form of electrical signals. The device, the chip in the main control device compiles the program in advance, and calculates the different resistance values into temperature or humidity through the previous calibration work. The temperature and humidity information of each device is transmitted by the antenna device to the remote server in the form of data packets. The server builds a network platform to crack and store data packets. Customers can log in to view device information via the Internet. Including probe temperature at each location of the energy storage device, ambient temperature and humidity in the insulation equipment. The server stores data for a certain period of time as a backup to achieve traceability.
远端服务器32中包括算法模块,通过接收的储能装置的温度信息和湿度信息计算得到储能装置的冷量容量,从而判断储能装置是否需要进行充冷,需要充入多少冷量或者需要多长时间完成充冷,并在需要充冷时进行提醒,提供规划好的充冷路径。根据以上描述可以看出,远端服务器获得的状态数据包括保温设备的温度数据、湿度数据、冷量容量数据以及充冷设备的温度数据、流量数据中的一个或多个。通过算法模块,可以规划充冷设备为保温设备充冷的充冷时间数据、充冷位置数据及充冷量数据中的一个或多个。The remote server 32 includes an algorithm module that calculates the cold storage capacity of the energy storage device based on the temperature and humidity information of the received energy storage device, so as to determine whether the energy storage device needs to be recharged, how much cold energy is needed, or how much How long does it take to complete the charging and cooling, and remind when it is necessary to provide a planned charging and cooling path. According to the above description, it can be seen that the status data obtained by the remote server includes one or more of temperature data, humidity data, cooling capacity data, and cooling and cooling device temperature data and flow data. Through the algorithm module, one or more of the cooling time data, the cooling position data, and the cooling capacity data for the cooling equipment to cool the thermal insulation equipment can be planned.
通过路径规划模块对保温设备或充冷设备进行充冷路径规划。保温设备或移动式充冷设备上具有定位模块。定位模块将保温设备或移动式充冷设备的位置信息传输至远端服务器的路径规划模块,路径规划模块存储以上信息,同时还存储充冷站或充冷桩的位置分布信息,能够获取铁路网数据、公路网数据,以及天气网络数据,根据实际情况进行路径规划。路径规划模块根据传输至远端服务器的保温设备储能装置的冷量信息,提示保温设备需要充冷,并对保温设备进行充冷路径规划,根据充冷站或充冷桩的位置分布信息、铁路网数据、公路网数据和天气网络数据,为保温设备匹配行进至充冷站或充冷桩进行充冷的最优路径,或者为移动式充冷设备匹配行进至保温设备的最优路径。在保温设备进行充冷时,可以控制充冷设备为保温设备充冷的充冷位置、充冷时间、充冷流量、充冷总量等。Use the path planning module to plan the cooling and cooling paths for the thermal insulation or cooling and cooling equipment. There is a positioning module on the thermal insulation equipment or mobile cooling equipment. The positioning module transmits the location information of the thermal insulation equipment or the mobile cooling and cooling equipment to the path planning module of the remote server. The path planning module stores the above information, and also stores the location distribution information of the cooling and cooling stations or cooling and cooling piles, which can obtain the railway network. Data, highway network data, and weather network data, route planning based on actual conditions. The path planning module indicates that the thermal insulation equipment needs to be recharged according to the cooling capacity information of the thermal insulation equipment energy storage device transmitted to the remote server, and plans the cooling pathway for the thermal insulation equipment. According to the location distribution information of the cooling and cooling stations or the cooling and cooling piles, The railway network data, highway network data, and weather network data are used to match the optimal path for the thermal insulation equipment to the cooling station or to the cooling pile, or the optimal path for the mobile cooling equipment to the thermal insulation equipment. When the cooling equipment is charging and cooling, the cooling equipment can control the cooling location, the cooling time, the cooling flow and the cooling capacity of the cooling equipment.
通过路径规划模块还可以对保温设备的运输路径进行规划,基于客户的物品运输需求以及物品运输目标地,实现对保温设备的运输路径规划。The path planning module can also plan the transportation path of the thermal insulation equipment, and implement the transportation path planning of the thermal insulation equipment based on the customer's item transportation needs and the object transportation destination.
根据以上描述可以看出,远端服务器获得的位置数据包含保温设备的位置数据、充冷设备的位置数据中,远端服务器根据以上数据对保温设备或充冷车的路径进行规划。由于数据均传输到远端服务器,客户可通过互联网登录查看物品的运输位置。According to the above description, it can be seen that the location data obtained by the remote server includes the location data of the heat preservation equipment and the location data of the cooling and cooling equipment, and the remote server plans the path of the insulation equipment or the cooling and cooling vehicle according to the above data. Since the data is transmitted to the remote server, the customer can log in to check the shipping location of the item through the Internet.
通过结算付款模块实现运输费用或充冷费用的在线结算,结算模块包括支付模块和收款模块。客户通过支付模块实现在线支付运输费用,运输人员通过收款模块实现在线收款。运输人员通过支付模块实现在线支付充冷费用。The settlement payment module realizes online settlement of transportation expenses or charging and cooling charges. The settlement module includes a payment module and a collection module. Customers use the payment module to pay for transportation costs online, and transportation personnel use the payment module to collect payments online. The transportation personnel can pay the cooling and cooling expenses online through the payment module.
信息系统可以实时监控保温设备内环境,回传保温设备状态信息,对系统实施动态管理。同时结合铁路、公路路网数据及天气网络数据,实现对保温箱运输路径的规划和冷量测算,发布冷量预警,并通过服务器平台的集成,实现了状态监控、路径规划、结算付款等多种功能。The information system can monitor the environment inside the insulation equipment in real time, return the status information of the insulation equipment, and implement dynamic management of the system. At the same time, combined with railway and highway road network data and weather network data, it realizes the planning and cooling calculation of the heat preservation box transportation path, issues cold warning, and integrates the server platform to achieve status monitoring, path planning, settlement and payment, etc. Kind of function.
以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已,并不用于限制本发明,对于本领域的技术人员来说,本发明可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and changes. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (23)

  1. 一种保温运输系统,其特征在于,包括:A heat preservation transportation system, comprising:
    保温设备(1),所述保温设备(1)内部设置有储能装置(12);Thermal insulation equipment (1), which is provided with an energy storage device (12);
    为所述储能装置(12)充冷的充冷设备(2);Charging and cooling equipment (2) for charging and cooling the energy storage device (12);
    所述储能装置(12)包括:壳体(121),所述壳体(121)限定容纳相变材料(122)的空间;换热器(123),所述换热器(123)设置于所述空间内,并用于与所述相变材料(122)进行热交换。The energy storage device (12) includes: a casing (121), the casing (121) defines a space for accommodating a phase change material (122); a heat exchanger (123), the heat exchanger (123) is provided In the space and used for heat exchange with the phase change material (122).
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的保温运输系统,其特征在于,所述保温设备(1)包括至少一个储能装置(12)。The thermal insulation transportation system according to claim 1, characterized in that the thermal insulation equipment (1) comprises at least one energy storage device (12).
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的保温运输系统,其特征在于,所述储能装置(12)设置于保温设备(1)的顶部和/或侧部。The thermal insulation transportation system according to claim 2, characterized in that the energy storage device (12) is disposed on the top and / or side of the thermal insulation equipment (1).
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的保温运输系统,其特征在于,所述换热器(123)包括至少一组换热单元(1231,1232),所述换热单元(1231,1232)包括换热本体和换热加强部,所述换热加强部加强所述相变材料(122)与所述换热本体的热传导。The thermal insulation transportation system according to claim 1, wherein the heat exchanger (123) includes at least one group of heat exchange units (1231, 1232), and the heat exchange units (1231, 1232) include a heat exchange body And heat exchange strengthening part, the heat exchange strengthening part strengthens heat conduction between the phase change material (122) and the heat exchange body.
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的保温运输系统,其特征在于,所述换热加强部增大所述相变材料(122)与换热器(123)的接触面积,且围绕所述换热本体设置。The thermal insulation transportation system according to claim 1, wherein the heat exchange reinforcing portion increases a contact area between the phase change material (122) and the heat exchanger (123), and is disposed around the heat exchange body .
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的保温运输系统,其特征在于,所述换热加强部设置为至少部分地从所述换热本体径向向外延伸。The thermal insulation transportation system according to claim 1, wherein the heat exchange reinforcing portion is provided to extend at least partially radially outward from the heat exchange body.
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的保温运输系统,其特征在于,所述换热加强部设置为至少部分地从所述换热本体轴向延伸。The thermal insulation transportation system according to claim 1, wherein the heat exchange reinforcing portion is provided to extend at least partially axially from the heat exchange body.
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的保温运输系统,其特征在于,所述换热加强部支撑所述换热本体,并且承载在所述壳体(121)的朝向所述相变材料(122)的表面。The thermal insulation transportation system according to claim 1, wherein the heat exchange reinforcing portion supports the heat exchange body and is carried on a surface of the casing (121) facing the phase change material (122) .
  9. 根据权利要求5-8中任意一项所述的保温运输系统,其特征在于,所述换热本体包括依次连接的多个管部(1251,1252,1253,1254),所述换热加强部包括用于各所述管部的换热加强单元,相邻的所述换热加强单元至少部分地彼此热传导地连接。The thermal insulation transportation system according to any one of claims 5 to 8, wherein the heat exchange body comprises a plurality of pipe portions (1251, 1252, 1253, 1254) connected in sequence, and the heat exchange strengthening portion A heat exchange strengthening unit for each of the tube portions is included, and adjacent heat exchange strengthening units are at least partially thermally conductively connected to each other.
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的保温运输系统,其特征在于,所述换热本体设置为折弯管(125),所述折弯管包括一个或多个U型折弯,所述多个管部(1251,1252,1253,1254)为所述折弯管(125)的直管部分,所述多个管部(1251,1252,1253,1254)通过U型部分连接。The thermal insulation transportation system according to claim 9, wherein the heat exchange body is provided as a bent pipe (125), the bent pipe includes one or more U-shaped bends, and the plurality of pipe portions (1251, 1252, 1253, 1254) are straight pipe portions of the bent pipe (125), and the plurality of pipe portions (1251, 1252, 1253, 1254) are connected by a U-shaped portion.
  11. 根据权利要求9所述的保温运输系统,其特征在于,所述换热加强单元包括多个换热翅片(1261,1262,1263,1264)。The thermal insulation transportation system according to claim 9, wherein the heat exchange strengthening unit comprises a plurality of heat exchange fins (1261, 1262, 1263, 1264).
  12. 根据权利要求5-8或10-11中任意一项所述的保温运输系统,其特征在于,所述储能装置(12)包括多组换热单元(1231,1232),相邻的所述换热单元(1231,1232)热传导地连接。The thermal insulation transportation system according to any one of claims 5-8 or 10-11, wherein the energy storage device (12) comprises a plurality of groups of heat exchange units (1231, 1232), and the adjacent ones The heat exchange units (1231, 1232) are thermally connected.
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的保温运输系统,其特征在于,所述相邻换热单元(1231,1232)的相 邻的换热加强单元至少部分地彼此热传导地连接。The thermal insulation transportation system according to claim 12, wherein adjacent heat exchange reinforcing units of the adjacent heat exchange units (1231, 1232) are at least partially thermally conductively connected to each other.
  14. 根据权利要求1所述的保温运输系统,其特征在于,所述储能装置(12)的所述壳体(121)内还设置有用于加速相变材料(122)产生相变的晶核。The thermal insulation transportation system according to claim 1, characterized in that a crystal nucleus for accelerating phase change of the phase change material (122) is further provided in the casing (121) of the energy storage device (12).
  15. 根据权利要求1所述的保温运输系统,其特征在于,所述充冷设备(2)包括第一传输装置、储存装置、以及第二传输装置,所述储存装置至少包括第一储存单元(231)和第二储存单元(232),所述第一储存单元(231)设置用于容纳符合预定要求的载冷介质(Z),所述第二储存单元(232)设置用于容纳待制冷载冷介质(Y),所述第一传输装置从所述第一储存单元(231)将符合预定要求的载冷介质(Z)输出以供使用,并将使用后的待制冷载冷介质(Y)传输至所述第二储存单元(232),所述第二传输装置从所述第二储存单元(232)接收所述待制冷载冷介质(Y)并将制冷后的符合预定要求的载冷介质(Z)传输至所述第一储存单元(231)。The thermal insulation transport system according to claim 1, wherein the charging and cooling equipment (2) comprises a first transporting device, a storage device, and a second transporting device, and the storage device comprises at least a first storage unit (231) ) And a second storage unit (232), the first storage unit (231) is configured to receive a cold carrier (Z) that meets predetermined requirements, and the second storage unit (232) is configured to accommodate a cold carrier The cold medium (Y), the first transmission device outputs the cold medium (Z) that meets predetermined requirements from the first storage unit (231) for use, and uses the cold medium (Y) to be cooled after use. ) To the second storage unit (232), and the second transmission device receives the cold storage medium (Y) to be cooled from the second storage unit (232) and cools the load that meets the predetermined requirements. The cold medium (Z) is transferred to the first storage unit (231).
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的保温运输系统,其特征在于,所述充冷设备(2)在对待制冷载冷介质(Y)进行制冷的同时为所述储能装置(12)充冷。The thermal insulation transportation system according to claim 15, characterized in that the charging and cooling equipment (2) charges and cools the energy storage device (12) while refrigerating the cold medium (Y) to be cooled.
  17. 根据权利要求15所述的保温运输系统,其特征在于,所述充冷设备(2)在待制冷载冷介质(Y)制冷成为符合预定要求的载冷介质(Z)后为所述储能装置(12)充冷。The thermal insulation transportation system according to claim 15, characterized in that the energy storage and cooling equipment (2) is the energy storage after cooling the cooling medium (Y) to be cooled to a predetermined cooling medium (Z). The device (12) is charged and cooled.
  18. 根据权利要求1所述的保温运输系统,其特征在于,还包括控制系统(3),所述控制系统(3)包括信息采集模块(31)以及中央处理单元(32),其中所述信息采集模块(31)获取所述保温设备(1)和充冷设备(2)的状态数据和位置数据,并将所述状态数据和所述位置数据发送给所述中央处理单元(32),所述中央处理单元(32)被配置为至少基于所述状态数据和所述位置数据获得所述保温设备(1)和/或所述充冷设备(2)在运输过程中的规划数据。The thermal transport system according to claim 1, further comprising a control system (3), the control system (3) comprising an information acquisition module (31) and a central processing unit (32), wherein the information acquisition A module (31) acquires status data and position data of the thermal insulation equipment (1) and cooling and cooling equipment (2), and sends the status data and the position data to the central processing unit (32), where The central processing unit (32) is configured to obtain planning data of the thermal insulation equipment (1) and / or the cooling and cooling equipment (2) during transportation based on at least the status data and the position data.
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的保温运输系统,其特征在于,所述规划数据包含所述充冷设备(2)为所述保温设备(1)充冷的充冷时间数据、充冷位置数据及充冷量数据中的一个或多个。The thermal insulation transportation system according to claim 18, wherein the planning data comprises cooling and cooling time data, charging and cooling position data, and charging and cooling data of the charging and cooling equipment (2) for the cooling and heating equipment (1). One or more of the cooling data.
  20. 根据权利要求18所述的保温运输系统,其特征在于,所述状态数据包括所述保温设备(1)的温度数据、湿度数据、冷量容量数据、以及所述充冷设备(2)的温度数据、流量数据、冷量容量数据中的一个或多个。The thermal insulation transportation system according to claim 18, wherein the status data includes temperature data, humidity data, cooling capacity data, and temperature of the cooling and cooling equipment (2). One or more of data, flow data, and cooling capacity data.
  21. 根据权利要求18所述的保温运输系统,其特征在于,所述位置数据包含所述保温设备(1)的位置数据、所述充冷设备(2)的位置数据中的一个或多个。The thermal insulation transportation system according to claim 18, wherein the location data comprises one or more of the location data of the insulation equipment (1) and the location data of the cooling and cooling equipment (2).
  22. 根据权利要求1所述的保温运输系统,其特征在于,所述保温设备(1)为集装箱、冷柜、冷库或运输车。The thermal insulation transportation system according to claim 1, characterized in that the thermal insulation equipment (1) is a container, a freezer, a cold storage or a transport vehicle.
  23. 根据权利要求1所述的保温运输系统,其特征在于,所述充冷设备(2)为充冷集装箱、冲冷车、充冷桩或充冷站。The thermal insulation transportation system according to claim 1, wherein the cooling and cooling equipment (2) is a cooling and cooling container, a refrigerated truck, a cooling and cooling pile or a cooling and cooling station.
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