CN108910317B

CN108910317B - Cold filling equipment

Info

Publication number: CN108910317B
Application number: CN201810715372.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 童山虎; 丁玉龙; 陶樯; 刘顺潮; 李子潇; 聂彬剑
Original assignee: CRRC Shijiazhuang Co Ltd
Current assignee: CRRC Shijiazhuang Co Ltd
Priority date: 2018-06-29
Filing date: 2018-06-29
Publication date: 2020-09-01
Anticipated expiration: 2038-06-29
Also published as: WO2020001507A1; CN108910317A

Abstract

The invention provides a cold filling device which comprises a first transmission device, a storage device and a second transmission device, wherein the first transmission device is used for outputting a cold carrying medium which meets a preset requirement from the storage device for use and transmitting the cold carrying medium to be refrigerated after use to the storage device, the second transmission device is used for receiving the cold carrying medium to be refrigerated from the storage device and transmitting the cold carrying medium which meets the preset requirement after refrigeration to the storage device, the storage device at least comprises a first storage unit and a second storage unit, the first storage unit is used for containing the cold carrying medium which meets the preset requirement, and the second storage unit is used for containing the cold carrying medium to be refrigerated. The cold carrying medium which meets the preset requirement and the cold carrying medium to be refrigerated after being used are respectively arranged in different storage units, the circulating refrigeration is realized, the structural layout is reasonable, the temperature of the medium in the heat-preservation water tank is uniform, and the overall refrigeration and cold filling efficiency can be obviously improved.

Description

Cold filling equipment

Technical Field

The invention relates to an energy supplementing device, in particular to a cold charging device of a passive energy storage device in a heat-preservation storage and transportation system.

Background

A cold chain container is a thermal insulated transport device used to transport temperature sensitive goods. The products in the box are kept in a certain temperature range in the transportation process through the heat preservation device, and the quality of the goods is guaranteed without the change of the temperature and the humidity of the surrounding environment.

In order to maintain the temperature in the insulated transport facility within a predetermined constant range, the interior of the insulated transport facility needs to be cooled. A cold storage plate capable of releasing cold is generally provided in the box body. The cold storage plate is internally provided with a phase change material, and the cold storage plate exchanges heat with the storage space through energy change caused by the phase change process of the substance to play a role in adjusting the temperature. The phase-change material needs to supplement cold after working for a period of time, the cold-loading device in the prior art mostly uses the cold-storage water tank to output cold-loading medium to the outside, the volume of the cold-storage water tank is large, the cold-loading medium works circularly, the temperature uniformity of the medium in the cold-storage water tank is difficult to ensure, and the cold-loading effect and the cold-loading efficiency are all to be improved.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention mainly aims to provide a cold filling device which is reasonable in structural layout, uniform in temperature of cold carrying medium in a heat preservation water tank and capable of remarkably improving overall refrigerating and cold filling efficiency.

In order to achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a cold charging apparatus including a first transfer device for outputting a cold carrier medium meeting a predetermined requirement from a storage device for use and transferring the cold carrier medium to be refrigerated after use to the storage device, a storage device for receiving the cold carrier medium to be refrigerated from the storage device and transferring the cold carrier medium meeting the predetermined requirement to the storage device after refrigeration, the storage device including a first storage unit configured to accommodate the cold carrier medium meeting the predetermined requirement and a second storage unit configured to accommodate the cold carrier medium to be refrigerated.

Further, the first storage unit and the second storage unit are in fluid communication.

Further, the first transmission device outputs the cold carrying medium meeting the preset requirement from the first storage unit for use, and transmits the used cold carrying medium to be refrigerated to the second storage unit.

Further, the second transmission device receives the cold carrying medium to be refrigerated from the second storage unit and transmits the refrigerated cold carrying medium meeting the preset requirement to the first storage unit.

Furthermore, the storage device is a box body, a partition board is arranged in the box body, and the partition board divides the storage device into a first storage unit and a second storage unit.

Furthermore, the box body is provided with a heat preservation layer.

Furthermore, the first storage unit is provided with at least one first liquid outlet pipeline for outputting the cold carrying medium meeting the preset requirement outwards and a first liquid inlet pipeline for receiving the cold carrying medium meeting the preset requirement transmitted by the second transmission device.

Furthermore, a second liquid outlet pipeline for outputting the used to-be-refrigerated cold-carrying medium to the outside and at least one second liquid inlet pipeline for receiving the used to-be-refrigerated cold-carrying medium are arranged on the second storage unit.

Furthermore, the first liquid outlet pipeline and/or the second liquid outlet pipeline are/is arranged at the lower part of the storage unit.

Furthermore, the first liquid inlet pipeline and/or the second liquid inlet pipeline are/is arranged at the upper part of the storage unit.

Furthermore, first transmission device includes first circulating pump and first spray set, and the cold-carrying medium that first circulating pump will accord with the reservation requirement exports through first liquid outlet pipe way, and the cold-carrying medium of waiting to refrigerate after the use is transmitted to second storage unit through the spray set who sets up on second feed liquor pipeline.

Furthermore, the second transmission device comprises a second circulating pump and a spraying device, the second circulating pump outputs the cold carrying medium to be refrigerated after being used through a second liquid outlet pipeline, and the refrigerated cold carrying medium meeting the preset requirement is transmitted to the first storage unit through the spraying device arranged on the first liquid inlet pipeline.

Furthermore, the refrigeration device is arranged on the transmission path of the second transmission device and used for refrigerating the cold carrying medium to be refrigerated.

Further, the refrigerating device is a refrigerating unit.

Furthermore, the device also comprises a temperature sensing device arranged in the first storage unit and the second storage unit.

Furthermore, the system also comprises an information module which provides the position information and/or the state information of the cooling equipment.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a cold-filled container comprising a cold-filling apparatus having the above features. Furthermore, a heat insulation layer is arranged between the cold filling container and the cold filling equipment.

According to another aspect of the invention, a cold-charging station is provided, comprising a cold-charging device having the above features.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a cold-charging pile comprising a cold-charging apparatus having the above features.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a cold-charging vehicle comprising a cold-charging apparatus having the above features. Further, a heat insulation layer is arranged between the cold filling vehicle and the cold filling equipment.

By applying the technical scheme of the invention, the cold carrying medium meeting the preset requirement and the used cold carrying medium to be refrigerated are respectively arranged in different storage units, the first storage unit and the second storage unit substantially separate the used cold carrying medium to be refrigerated and the cold carrying medium meeting the preset requirement, the two media with the temperature respectively form a mass flow in respective storage spaces, and the returned cold carrying medium is quickly and uniformly sprayed into the storage units through the spraying device, so that the mass flow in the first storage unit and the second storage unit can be enhanced, and the temperature of the medium in each storage unit of the heat-preservation water tank is more uniform. The temperature of the cold carrying medium which is output by the first storage unit and meets the preset requirement is uniform, the cold charging efficiency is convenient to improve, the second storage unit receives the cold carrying medium to be refrigerated after the cold carrying medium is used, the temperature of the cold carrying medium is relatively high, the cold carrying medium to be refrigerated is intensively sent into the refrigerating unit to be refrigerated, and the refrigerating efficiency is convenient to improve. The cold filling equipment provided by the invention performs circulating refrigeration, has reasonable structural layout, enables the temperature of a medium in the heat preservation water tank to be uniform, and can obviously improve the overall refrigeration and cold filling efficiency. Meanwhile, the cold filling equipment is separated from the heat insulation equipment, so that the refrigeration and cold filling working conditions are separated, the equipment failure rate of the heat insulation equipment in the transportation link is reduced, the occurrence of cold chain breakage is avoided, and the maintenance is convenient.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the insulated storage and transportation system of the present invention; and

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the inside of the heat-retaining apparatus of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the distribution of the energy storage device and the pipeline inside the heat preservation apparatus of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the energy storage device of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view A-A of FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a heat exchanger of an energy storage device according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

FIGS. 7(a) -7(e) are schematic cross-sectional views of heat exchangers of energy storage devices according to embodiments of the present invention in two to six embodiments;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the cold-filled container of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the cold-filled container holding tank of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the operation of the cold-filled container of the present invention;

fig. 11 is a schematic structural view of the heat-insulating transport vehicle.

Wherein the figures include the following reference numerals:

a heat preservation device 1, a cold filling device 2, an information monitoring system 3,

a heat insulation box body 11, an energy storage device 12, a pipeline system 13,

a shell 121, a phase change material 122, a heat exchanger 123, a radiating fin 124, a bent pipe 125, a fin 126, honeycomb aluminum 127,

a first heat exchange unit 1231, a second heat exchange unit 1232,

a first pipe portion 1251, a second pipe portion 1252, a third pipe portion 1253, a fourth pipe portion 1254,

first fin 1261, second fin 1262, third fin 1263, diverging fin 1264,

the flow of the fluid through the inlet fitting 131, the outlet fitting 132,

an external circulation pump 21, an external circulation pipeline 22, a heat preservation water tank 23, an internal circulation pump 24, an internal circulation pipeline 25, a refrigerating unit 26,

a first storage unit 231, a second storage unit 232, a partition 233,

a first liquid outlet pipe 221, a first liquid inlet pipe 242, a second liquid outlet pipe 241, a second liquid inlet pipe 222,

an information acquisition module 31 and a central processing unit 32.

Detailed Description

It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.

The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to specific examples, which are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention as claimed.

As shown in fig. 1, the cryogenic storage and transportation system of the present invention is a multi-type intermodal cold chain transportation system based on the phase change energy storage technology, and is used for transporting frozen and chilled goods or biological products, etc. having requirements on storage environment temperature. The cryogenic storage and transportation system comprises a heat preservation device 1 capable of being transported, a cold filling device 2 and an information control system 3. A heat preservation device 1; the heat preservation device comprises a heat preservation box body 11, wherein an energy storage device 12 is arranged inside the heat preservation box body 11, and provides a substantially constant temperature and humidity environment meeting the storage requirement of the objects. The cold charging device 2 charges the energy storage device 12 of the heat preservation device 1 with cold, and the energy storage device 12 stores and releases cold energy, so that the interior of the heat preservation device body 11 maintains constant temperature. The information control system 3 acquires information data on the heat preservation equipment 1 and/or the cold filling equipment 2, and realizes functions of state monitoring, path planning, settlement and payment and the like based on the information data. Specifically, the information control system 3 positions the heat preservation device 1 and the cold filling device 2 in real time, collects the ambient temperature and humidity of the heat preservation device 1 and the cold filling device 2, monitors the internal environment of the heat preservation device 1, and the working state of the cold filling device 2, returns state information, and plans the cold filling scheme in cooperation with the cold filling layout.

According to different requirements on the environment temperature in the transportation process, the heat preservation device may need to be charged with cold or heated, the cold charging device needs to correspondingly charge cold carrying media or heat storage media for heating the heat preservation device, and the description takes the cold charging device as an example. The structure using a heat charging device is the same as that using a cold charging device, except that the medium that transfers heat with the phase change material is a heat storage medium.

As shown in fig. 2 to 3, the holding apparatus 1 is used for storing articles, and therefore, the temperature inside the holding apparatus needs to be maintained within a predetermined temperature range during transportation. Based on the above requirements, the heat preservation device comprises a heat preservation box body 11 for storing articles, an energy storage device 12 for releasing cold energy and a pipeline system 13. The heat preservation device comprises at least one energy storage device 12, and the energy storage device 12 is arranged at the top and/or the side part in the heat preservation box body 11. The phase-change material is contained in the energy storage device, the cold storage density of the phase-change material is high, the energy release is uniform and isothermal, so that the cold energy of the energy storage device is continuously and uniformly released, the temperature is automatically adjusted, the ambient temperature is constant at the temperature accessory of the phase-change point, and the cold storage or freezing environment in the insulation can body 11 is maintained. The phase-change material continuously releases cold, and after a certain time, the cold needs to be supplemented. The line system 13 receives the cold carrier medium from the charging device 2 and conveys it in a circulating manner into the energy storage device. The cold carrying medium continuously flowing in the pipeline 13 exchanges heat with the phase change material 122 of the energy storage device, so that the phase change material 122 generates phase change, and cold energy is stored in the phase change material 122.

As shown in fig. 4-7, the energy storage device includes a housing 121 defining a space for containing a phase change material 122. A heat exchanger 123 is further disposed in the housing 121, and the heat exchanger 123 exchanges heat with the phase change material 122. When the energy storage device is charged with cold, namely under the working condition of charging with cold, the heat exchanger is continuously supplied with the cold carrying medium, and the phase change material exchanges heat with the cold carrying medium in the heat exchanger to generate phase change. And after the phase change material completely changes the phase or meets the preset requirement, stopping cold charging of the energy storage device, namely stopping the supply of the cold-carrying medium. The phase change material releases the stored cold energy into the heat preservation device 1.

The shell is made of metal materials with good heat conductivity and rigidity, and a heat dissipation reinforcing part is arranged outside the shell. The heat dissipation reinforcing part has two expressions. In the first form, the heat dissipation fins 124 are at least partially arranged on the outer surface of the shell, and the heat dissipation fins 124 increase the contact area between the energy storage device and the storage space in the insulation can body, so that the uniform release of cold energy is facilitated. In the second form, the shell can adopt a plane pressing plate structure, so that the heat dissipation contact area of the shell and the external space in the insulation can body is increased, and the uniform release of cold energy is facilitated. At least one wall of the housing is provided in the form of a curved platen, and the surface may be configured as a ribbed plate, corrugated, or other structure having alternating ridges and grooves.

The heat exchanger 123 is immersed in the phase change material and can cool the phase change material 122, and of course, the heat exchanger 123 can optionally heat the phase change material 122 according to actual requirements. The heat exchanger comprises at least one group of heat exchange units 1231, each group of heat exchange units is provided with a cold-carrying medium inlet a and a cold-carrying medium outlet b, and each heat exchange unit comprises a heat exchange body 125 and a heat exchange reinforcing part 126. Heat transfer body 125 is used for holding year cold medium, and the heat transfer body sets up the form into at least one pipe portion, and in the embodiment one, the form of heat transfer body is pipe 125 of bending, and the pipe of bending includes that one or more U types bend, carries the cold medium to flow through in the pipe of bending, carries out the heat transfer with phase change material simultaneously. The heat exchange enhancing portion 126 is used for enhancing heat conduction between the phase change material and the cooling medium carried in the heat exchange body. In order to promote the heat exchange between the cooling medium and the phase-change material, a heat exchange enhancing portion 126 is disposed outside the bent tube 125, and in the first embodiment, the heat exchange enhancing portion is a fin 126. The heat exchange unit 1231 includes bent tubes 125 and fins 126.

In the first embodiment shown in fig. 4 and 6, the bending pipe 125 has two U-bends, and three U-bends at two sides sequentially connect four straight pipe portions: a first tube portion 1251, a second tube portion 1252, a third tube portion 1253 and a fourth tube portion 1254, the first tube portion 1251 being provided with a cold carrier medium inlet a of the energy storage device 12, the fourth tube portion 1254 being provided with a cold carrier medium outlet b of the energy storage device, the cold carrier medium entering the first tube portion from the inlet a and flowing through the four tube portions in sequence and flowing out from the outlet b. These four tube portions are adjacent, and this direction is defined as the adjacent direction X of the tube portions. The heat exchange body 125 is externally provided with a heat exchange reinforcement portion 126 defining a heat exchange reinforcement unit provided corresponding to one tube portion. In the first embodiment, the heat exchange reinforcing part is a fin, and the heat exchange reinforcing unit is correspondingly a fin. The fins are provided as straight or arcuate fins extending radially outwardly from the tube portions, adjacent fins of adjacent tube portions being at least partially heat-conductively connected to each other.

The heat exchange enhancement unit 1231 includes a plurality of heat exchange fins 126, i.e., each tube portion is externally provided with a plurality of radially outwardly extending fins 126, the fins 126 extending over the entire axial length of the tube portion, at least part of the fins providing the tube portion with a supporting force in the abutting direction and/or in the vertical direction of the abutting direction. This embodiment includes two types of fins: connecting fins and supporting fins. The connecting fins are first fins 1261 extending in the direction of abutment of the tube portions between adjacent tube portions, the support fins include second fins 1262 extending in a direction perpendicular to the direction of abutment of the tube portions, and third fins 1263 extending in the direction of abutment of the tube portions between the tube portions and the housing. As a preferred embodiment, a diverging fin 1264 is also included that extends in a direction between the adjoining direction of the tube portions and a direction perpendicular to the adjoining direction. Fins 126 are arranged around the tube portions, support the bent tubes 125, and bear on the surface of the shell facing the phase change material. The fins 126 form a sunflower pattern around the tube portions, as viewed in any one radial cross section of the tube portions. Each tube section includes two second fins 1262 that may extend all the way to abut the inner surface of the housing 121 in a top-hat mode to provide vertical support for the tube sections in the abutting direction. Each tube portion includes two first fins 1261, and adjacent first fins 1261 of adjacent tube portions are connected together, and one of first fins 1261 has a groove structure, and the other first fin 1261 has a protrusion, and first fin 1261 of groove structure of first tube portion 1251 and first fin 1261 of protrusion structure of second tube portion are connected together through protrusion and recess, become hand-in-hand mode to furthest increase the heat exchange area of heat exchanger and phase change material, reach the refrigeration effect of ideal, provide the holding power in the direction of adjacency for the tube portion simultaneously. The second pipe portion 1252 is connected to the heat exchange reinforcement units of the third pipe portion 1253, and the fourth pipe portion 1254 in the same manner. The third fin 1263 is located between the first tube 1251 and the casing 121, and may extend up to the inner surface of the casing 121 to support the bent tube 125, or may not extend up to the inner surface of the casing 121.

The fins 126 may take other configurations, such as straight or curved fins, as shown in FIG. 8, so long as the contact area of the phase change material with the heat exchanger is increased. Fig. 7(a) -7(e) are schematic cross-sectional views of heat exchangers of energy storage devices in second through sixth embodiments of the present invention. The fins may extend at least partially radially outward from bend tube 125, or at least partially axially from bend tube 125, or may be distributed at different axial locations of bend tube 125, or may be helically wrapped around the body of bend tube 125.

The heat exchanger 123 may have one heat exchange unit, two heat exchange units, three heat exchange units or more, an inlet a of each heat exchange unit may be connected to the same pipe to receive the cooling medium, and an outlet b may be connected to another pipe to return the cooling medium. Adjacent heat exchange enhancement units of adjacent heat exchange units are at least partially thermally conductively connected to each other. In the first embodiment, one heat exchanger has two adjacent heat exchange units, i.e., a first heat exchange unit 1231 and a second heat exchange unit 1232. The adjacent heat exchange reinforcing units of the adjacent heat exchange units are at least partially connected together, the first heat exchange unit and the second heat exchange unit are abutted in the abutting direction X, the first fin 1261 of the fourth tube part 1254 of the first heat exchange unit is connected with the first fin of the first tube part 1251 of the second heat exchange unit 1232 through a protrusion and a groove, and the two heat exchange units are integrally connected in a hand-in-hand mode. The third fins 1263 between the fourth tube 1254 of the second heat exchange unit 1232 and the shell 121 may extend all the way to the inner surface of the shell 121 to support the bent tubes 125, although the third fins 1263 may not extend to the inner surface of the shell.

To accelerate the phase change of the phase change material, the fins 126 may be made rough or may be provided with through holes. In addition, the shell can be filled with crystal nuclei 127, and the crystal nuclei are preferably honeycomb-shaped substances, such as honeycomb aluminum 127.

As shown in fig. 4-6, the cross section of the heat exchange unit includes a circular portion 1254 and a plurality of scattering

line portions

1261 and 1264 around the circular portion, the circular portion 1254 is a heat exchange body, and the

scattering line portions

1261 and 1264 are heat exchange reinforcements. The scattering line portions 1261-1264 increase the contact area of the phase change material 122 with the heat exchanger 123. Scatter lines 1261-1264 are disposed about, and extend at least partially radially outward from, circular portion 1254, and scatter lines 1261-1264 support circular portion 1254 and extend to the boundary of housing 121. The scattered radiation is a straight line or a curved line extending radially outward from the circular portion. The cross section of the heat exchange unit comprises a plurality of circular parts, and the first scattering line parts of the adjacent circular parts are connected with each other. The heat exchanger 123 comprises a plurality of sets of heat exchanging units, the scattering line sections comprising first scattering line sections 1261, the first scattering line sections 1261 of adjacent heat exchanging units being connected to each other. The scattered ray portion further comprises a second scattered ray portion 1262, which second scattered ray portion 1262 partially supports said circular portion and is carried on said housing. As described above, in the first embodiment, the heat exchanger 112 includes two sets of heat exchange units 1231 and 1232, the heat exchange body is the bent tube 125, the bent tube 125 includes the first tube portion 1251, the second tube portion 1252, the third tube portion 1253, and the fourth tube portion 1254, and the heat exchange reinforcement unit 1231 includes the plurality of heat exchange fins 126, the first fins 1261, the third fins 1263, the second fins 1262, and the divergent fins 1264. In the cross section corresponding to the heat exchange units, each heat exchange unit comprises four

circular parts

1251 and 1254, the adjacent

circular parts

1251 and 1252 are connected together through the scattered rays 1261 corresponding to the first fins and the scattered rays 1261 corresponding to the adjacent first fins so as to form a hand-pulling structure, and the scattered rays 1262 corresponding to the second fins extend to the boundary of the shell 121 so as to form a top-standing structure. Scattered rays 1261 corresponding to the first fin, scattered rays 1263 corresponding to the third fin, scattered rays 1262 corresponding to the second fin and scattered rays corresponding to the divergent fins 1264 respectively extend outwards from the circular part in the radial direction, and the whole cross section of the structure of the sunflower is formed. The scattered rays 1261 corresponding to the first fin of the first heat exchange unit 1231 are connected with the scattered rays 1261 corresponding to the first fin of the adjacent second heat exchange unit 1232, and the two heat exchange units are integrally in a hand-pulling mode.

According to the temperature control requirement of the transported goods, the heat preservation equipment with different types and sizes can be customized. The heat preservation device can be a heat preservation container (as shown in fig. 2), a heat preservation freezer, a heat preservation refrigerator or a heat preservation transport vehicle (as shown in fig. 11), a plurality of energy storage devices 12 can be arranged inside the heat preservation box body 11, and the energy storage devices 12 are arranged on the top and/or the side of the heat preservation box body 11. The heat preservation equipment can be used as a movable refrigeration house and directly used in a refrigeration house-free working environment; meanwhile, the power supply device is suitable for the condition that the railway freight train cannot provide power supply, and is also suitable for the transportation mode of road-rail combined transportation.

Fig. 2 is a thermal insulation container, which is manufactured by adopting a thermal insulation material polyurethane foaming thermal insulation process, and a thermal insulation layer can be thickened to effectively improve the thermal insulation effect. The thermal container is of an international container size, for example 20 feet or 40 feet, and the width of the container can accommodate at least 2 standard pallets. The embedded rib plates are additionally arranged to ensure that the top and the end part meet the bearing requirement, and the energy storage device is fixed in the embedded ribs of the box body through the support. The insulated container has an inlet connection 131 for receiving the cooling medium and an outlet connection 132 for discharging the used cooling medium. A cold charging pipeline 13 is arranged in the heat preservation container, and the cold charging pipeline 13 is connected with an inlet a and an outlet b of the heat exchanger 123 of the energy storage device 12. In the process of cold charging, the heat exchanger 123 is continuously charged with the cold carrying medium meeting the temperature requirement, and the used cold carrying medium flows back to the cold charging equipment, so that the cold carrying medium meeting the temperature requirement runs in the pipeline 13, the temperature of the phase change material 122 is reduced, phase change occurs when the temperature is as low as a phase change point, and cold energy is stored. The flow into each energy storage device 12 can be adjusted by a valve arranged in the middle of the pipeline 13, so that the flow is consistent, and an ideal cold filling effect is achieved.

The heat preservation equipment of the low-temperature storage and transportation system utilizes the phase-change energy storage device to control the temperature, utilizes the characteristics of the phase-change material, firstly charges the phase-change material for cold, relies on the storage cold quantity of the phase-change material, breaks away from a power supply to maintain the refrigeration environment of the heat preservation equipment, does not need to be provided with a power source, and realizes passive refrigeration; the operation safety is obviously improved, the artificial interference refrigeration in the transportation process is avoided, and the damage to articles caused by artificial damage to the article transportation temperature environment is avoided. The energy storage device of the heat preservation equipment is provided with the heat exchange reinforcing part, and the heat exchange reinforcing part increases the contact area of the phase change material and the heat exchanger, so that the heat preservation equipment has uniform cooling, small temperature fluctuation degree and accurate temperature control, reduces the corrosion rate of goods, and effectively ensures the quality of the goods. The phase-change material adopted by the energy storage device of the heat preservation equipment has high cold storage density, high latent heat value, no toxicity, no corrosion and no pollution; safe use, non-flammability and non-explosive, stable cycle performance and long service cycle. The energy storage device is mechanically connected with other structures, so that the maintenance is convenient, and the transportation cost is low.

The cold filling equipment 2 is an important component of the low-temperature storage and transportation system and is a cold source of the heat preservation equipment 1. The cold-carrying medium in the cold-charging device 2 is first refrigerated, and then the cold-carrying medium meeting the predetermined requirement is sent to the energy storage device 12 through the cold-charging pipeline and the pipeline 13 system of the heat-preserving device, so that the phase change material 122 in the energy storage device 12 changes phase. As shown in fig. 8-10, the cooling device 2 includes a first transport device for transporting the cooling medium Z meeting the predetermined requirement from the storage device to the storage device and transporting the used cooling medium Y to be cooled to the storage device; the storage device 23 is used for accommodating the cold-carrying medium and keeping the cold-carrying medium within a certain temperature range, and the storage device in the first embodiment is a heat preservation water tank 23; and the second transmission device receives the cold carrying medium Y to be refrigerated from the storage device 23 and transmits the refrigerated cold carrying medium Z meeting the preset requirement to the storage device. The hot water tank 23 comprises at least a first storage unit 231 configured to contain a cooling medium Z, such as an aqueous solution of ethylene glycol, meeting predetermined requirements, and a second storage unit 232 configured to contain a cooling medium Y to be cooled. A third storage unit or more may also be included.

In the first embodiment, the first transfer device includes an external circulation pump 21 and an external circulation line 22, and the second transfer device includes an internal circulation pump 24 and an internal circulation line 25. The external circulation pump 21 outputs the cooling medium Z meeting the predetermined requirement from the first storage unit 231 through the external circulation pipeline 22 for use, and transmits the used cooling medium Y to be refrigerated to the second storage unit 232 through the pipeline. The refrigerating unit 26 is arranged on the transmission path of the second transmission device, the internal circulation pump 24 receives the cold carrying medium Y to be refrigerated from the second storage unit 232, the cold carrying medium Y to be refrigerated is sent to the refrigerating unit 26 through the internal circulation pipeline 25 for refrigeration, so that the temperature of the cold carrying medium meets the preset requirement, and the internal circulation pipeline 25 continuously transmits the cold carrying medium Z meeting the preset requirement after refrigeration to the first storage unit 231.

The cold filling equipment 2 realizes the cold filling mode of the cold filling equipment through external circulation, and carries out cold filling on the heat preservation equipment 1. The first transmission device continuously inputs the cold-carrying medium Z meeting the predetermined requirement of the first storage unit 231 to the inlet joint 131 of the heat preservation device 1 for receiving the cold-carrying medium through the external circulation pipeline 22 by the external circulation pump 21, and the cold-carrying medium enters the heat exchanger 123 of the energy storage device 12 through the pipeline 13 of the heat preservation device 1 to exchange heat with the phase-change material 122, so that the cold energy is introduced into the phase-change material 122. The used refrigerating medium Y to be refrigerated is output through an outlet joint 132 of the heat preservation equipment 1; the external circulation pipeline 22 of the first transmission device transmits the used refrigerating medium Y to be refrigerated, and the refrigerating medium Y flows back to the second storage unit 232 through the spraying device arranged at the tail end of the external circulation pipeline 22 at the top of the second storage unit.

The cold filling equipment 2 realizes the refrigeration mode of the cold filling equipment 2 through internal circulation, and refrigerates the used cold carrying medium Y to be refrigerated into the cold carrying medium Z meeting the preset requirement. The internal circulation pump 24 of the second transmission device continuously inputs the cold-carrying medium Y to be refrigerated of the second storage unit 232 into the plate heat exchanger of the refrigeration unit 26 through the internal circulation pipeline 25, the plate heat exchanger guides the cold energy into the cold-carrying medium, the cold-carrying medium is refrigerated and then continuously transmitted through the internal circulation pipeline 25, and enters the first storage unit 231 through the spraying device arranged at the tail end of the pipeline at the top 231 of the first storage unit, and the temperature in the heat preservation water tank 23 is finally reduced to the target preset temperature through reciprocating circulation. The thermal insulation water tank 23 is a tank structure, a partition 233 is provided in the tank, the partition 233 partitions the thermal insulation water tank 23 into a first storage unit 231 and a second storage unit 232, and the first storage unit 231 and the second storage unit 232 may be in fluid communication. The first storage unit 231 and the second storage unit 232 are separated through the partition plate 233, so that the used cold carrying medium Y to be refrigerated and the cold carrying medium Z meeting the preset requirement are substantially separated, the two temperature mediums form a mass flow in the respective storage spaces respectively, and the returned cold carrying medium is sprayed into the storage units rapidly and uniformly through the spraying device, so that the mass flow in the first storage unit and the second storage unit can be enhanced, and the temperature of the medium in each storage unit of the heat preservation water tank is more uniform. The temperature of the cold carrying medium Z which is output by the first storage unit 231 and meets the preset requirement is uniform, the cold charging efficiency is convenient to improve, the second storage unit 232 receives the cold carrying medium Y to be refrigerated after the cold carrying medium Y is used, the temperature of the cold carrying medium Y is relatively high, the cold carrying medium Y is intensively sent into the refrigerating unit to be refrigerated, and the refrigerating efficiency is convenient to improve.

As shown in fig. 9, the first storage unit 231 is provided with at least one first liquid outlet pipe 221 for outputting the cooling medium Z meeting the predetermined requirement and a first liquid inlet pipe 242 for receiving the cooling medium Z meeting the predetermined requirement transmitted by the second transmission device. The second storage unit 232 is provided with a second liquid outlet pipeline 241 for outputting the used cooling medium Y to be refrigerated outwards and at least one second liquid inlet pipeline 222 for receiving the used cooling medium Y to be refrigerated. Fig. 10 shows outlet connections of the respective liquid inlet and outlet pipes on the heat preservation water tank 23, and the respective liquid outlet pipes are connected to the inside of the storage unit, wherein the first liquid outlet pipe 221 and/or the second liquid outlet pipe 241 are disposed at the lower part of the storage unit. The first liquid inlet line 242 and/or the second liquid inlet line 222 are disposed at an upper portion of the storage unit.

As shown in fig. 9 to 10, the operation of the cold charging mode is as follows, the external circulation pump 21 of the first transmission device continuously inputs the cold carrying medium Z meeting the predetermined requirement of the first storage unit 231 to the inlet joint 131 of the temperature keeping device 1 for receiving the cold carrying medium through the first liquid outlet pipeline 221 and the external circulation pipeline 22, and the cold carrying medium enters the heat exchanger 123 of the energy storage device 12 through the pipeline 13 of the temperature keeping device 1 to exchange heat with the phase change material 122, so as to introduce cold energy into the phase change material 122. The used refrigerating medium Y to be refrigerated is output through an outlet joint 132 of the heat preservation equipment 1; the external circulation pipeline 22 of the first transmission device transmits the used refrigerating medium Y to be refrigerated, and returns to the second storage unit 232 through the spraying device arranged at the tail end of the second liquid inlet pipeline 222 at the top of the second storage unit. The working process of the refrigeration mode is as follows, the internal circulation pump 24 of the second transmission device continuously inputs the cold-carrying medium Y to be refrigerated of the second storage unit 232 into the plate heat exchanger of the refrigeration unit 26 through the second liquid outlet pipeline 241 and the internal circulation pipeline 25, the plate heat exchanger guides cold energy into the cold-carrying medium, the cold-carrying medium is continuously transmitted through the internal circulation pipeline 25 after being refrigerated, and enters the first storage unit 231 through the spraying device arranged at the tail end of the first liquid inlet pipeline 242 at the top 231 of the first storage unit, and the reciprocating circulation is performed, so that the temperature in the heat preservation water tank 23 is finally integrally reduced to the target preset temperature.

The cold filling equipment 2 realizes a cold filling mode through external circulation, outputs a cold carrying medium Z meeting the preset requirement, transmits cold quantity to the energy storage device 12 of the heat preservation equipment 1, and receives the used cold carrying medium Y to be refrigerated. The cold filling equipment 2 realizes a refrigeration mode through internal circulation, and refrigerates the cold carrying medium Y to be refrigerated after returning to the heat preservation water tank 23 and used into the cold carrying medium Z meeting the preset requirement, so that the cold filling equipment can be applied to a cold filling working condition. The operation mode of the cooling device 2 may adopt a direct cooling mode and an indirect cooling mode. The storage device of the cold charging device 2 can store a large amount of cold carrying medium, so that the cold charging device can charge single or multiple heat preservation devices after the large amount of cold carrying medium is refrigerated to reach a preset temperature; under the direct cold filling mode, the refrigeration mode and the cold filling mode are simultaneously started, and the effect of quick cold filling is achieved. And under the indirect cold charging mode, the refrigeration module and the cold charging mode are separated.

The cooling device 2 may also comprise an electric cabinet; a temperature sensor and a flow sensor are arranged near the first liquid outlet pipeline 221 and/or the second liquid outlet pipeline 241 and/or the first liquid inlet pipeline 242 and/or the second liquid inlet pipeline 222; the sensor is connected with the electric cabinet, and automatic control is carried out on the cold filling equipment through plc programming. The cold filling flow, the temperature of the liquid outlet pipeline and the temperature of the liquid inlet pipeline, the temperature of cold carrying media at each position of the water tank and the average temperature of the cold carrying media of the cold filling equipment can be checked through the display equipment, and meanwhile, the state information such as the working pressure and the current of the equipment can be monitored.

According to the difference of the cold charging requirements, the cold charging network can be constructed and the cold charging scheme can be customized by matching with the information monitoring system. The cold filling equipment can be miniaturized and manufactured into movable cold filling equipment. The heat-insulating water tank is miniaturized, and placed in the container together with high-efficiency refrigerating unit and control cabinet, and the interior of the container and/or exterior of the heat-insulating water tank are equipped with heat-insulating material so as to obtain the cold-filled container, and the required quantity of cold-carrying medium can be quickly refrigerated and repeatedly cooled. The cold-filled container adopts the standard container size of 20 feet or 40 feet and the like, and has transportation universality. The heat preservation water tank, the refrigerating unit and the control cabinet are arranged in the carriage, and heat preservation materials are arranged in the carriage and/or outside the heat preservation water tank, so that the cold filling vehicle is manufactured, and cold energy can be supplemented along with vehicle movement; the cold source supplementing device is suitable for supplementing cold sources for temporary goods sources such as short-distance trunk transportation and areas with insufficient radiation of fixed cold filling stations, and can supplement cold for the two insulation boxes simultaneously. The outside of the heat preservation water tank is provided with a heat preservation layer, and the inside of the cooling container and the cooling vehicle can also be provided with the heat preservation layer, so that the heat preservation effect of the heat preservation water tank is good, and in the actual work, the temperature change of the cold-carrying medium stored in the heat preservation water tank within 24 hours is not more than 1 ℃.

The cold filling equipment can also be made into a cold filling station or a cold filling pile in a large scale, and the cold filling station is suitable for railway freight yards, enterprise warehouses, electric commercial freight houses or heat preservation boxes centralized turnover places or logistics bases with centralized cargoes. The prepared cold is filled into the equipment in a cold-carrying medium mode through the quick-mounting pipeline and the cold filling pile, and the cold filling requirements of a plurality of heat preservation devices can be met simultaneously. The small-size stake of cooling that fills can fill the electric pile cooperation with new energy automobile, makes to fill the interface of cooling stake and the interface matching of filling electric pile, or cites the power of filling electric pile as the power supply, fills the cold for single insulation equipment.

The source of the cold energy can be used for refrigerating through equipment or a refrigerating unit of the cold station, and can also be absorbed and converted through an external cold source, for example, the lost cold energy in the liquefied gas industry is collected and utilized. Greatly improves the cold economic effect and reduces the cost. Meanwhile, the refrigerating unit can also prepare cold energy in advance through low-price electricity in the valley, so that the comprehensive cost and the cold charging cost of the power grid are reduced.

The cold filling equipment of the low-temperature storage and transportation system is reasonable in structural layout, the temperature of the medium in the heat-preservation water tank is uniform, and the overall efficiency of refrigeration and cold filling can be obviously improved. Meanwhile, the cold filling equipment is separated from the heat preservation equipment, so that the refrigeration and cold filling working conditions are separated, the physical refrigeration is carried out in the heat preservation equipment, the faults of a mechanical structure or an electric control device and the like cannot occur, the equipment fault rate of the heat preservation equipment in the transportation link is reduced, the maintenance is convenient, meanwhile, the phase-change material cannot be manually closed or prevented from releasing cold energy, the cold chain breakage condition is avoided, and the transportation is safe and reliable.

The control system 3 of the low-temperature storage and transportation system has the functions of state monitoring, path planning and settlement payment, and is the basis for the low-temperature storage and transportation system to realize the state monitoring of the heat preservation equipment and the energy storage device thereof and realize a system information processing platform. The information control system 3 includes an information acquisition module 31 and a central processing unit 32. The information acquisition module 31 acquires state data and position data of the heat preservation device and the cold filling device, the information acquisition module 31 is located in a device to be monitored (including the heat preservation device and the cold filling device), and includes a sensor, an acquisition board which can be connected with a plurality of sensors, a main control device, a power supply, an antenna and other devices, the main control device sends the state data and the position data to the central processing unit 32 through a wireless communication module, the central processing unit 32 is a remote server 32, and the central processing unit acquires planning data of the heat preservation device and/or the cold filling device in a transportation process based on the state data and the position data.

And the state monitoring module is used for monitoring the states of the heat preservation equipment and the cold filling equipment. The heat preservation equipment body constitutes the accommodation space of article, and in order to guarantee that the article that each position was stored in the heat preservation equipment all is in suitable environment, need carry out the multiple spot control to the heat preservation equipment, evenly arranged a plurality of temperature sensor and humidity transducer in accommodation space. The energy storage device is an important part for ensuring normal work of the heat preservation equipment, the state of the phase-change material needs to be monitored, and a plurality of temperature sensors are uniformly arranged in the energy storage device. In order to monitor the main control device, a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor are also built in the main control device. The cold filling equipment is provided with a plurality of temperature sensors, and the outlet pipeline of the cold carrying medium meeting the preset requirement is also provided with a flow sensor.

And calibrating each sensor, and determining the corresponding relation between the resistance value of the sensor and the temperature value and humidity value. Each sensor transmits the change of the resistance value to the acquisition board through a cable in the form of an electric signal, each acquisition board is connected with the main control equipment and the power supply through a multi-core cable, the data of each acquisition board is transmitted to the main control equipment in the form of the electric signal, the chips in the main control equipment compile programs in advance, and different resistance values are calculated into temperature or humidity through early calibration work. The temperature and humidity information for each device is transmitted by the antenna device to a remote server in the form of data packets. And a server side builds a network platform, and breaks and stores the data packet. The customer may log in to view the device information via the internet. Comprises the probe temperature at each position of the energy storage device, the environmental temperature and the humidity in the heat preservation equipment. The server stores data in a certain period as backup to realize traceability.

The far-end server 32 includes an algorithm module, and calculates the cold capacity of the energy storage device according to the received temperature information and humidity information of the energy storage device, so as to determine whether the energy storage device needs to be charged with cold, how much cold needs to be charged or how long the energy storage device needs to be charged with cold, and remind the user when the energy storage device needs to be charged with cold, thereby providing a planned cold charging path. As can be seen from the above description, the status data obtained by the remote server includes one or more of temperature data, humidity data, and cooling capacity data of the thermal insulation device, and temperature data and flow data of the cooling device. Through the algorithm module, the cold filling equipment can be planned to fill one or more of cold filling time data, cold filling position data and cold filling quantity data for the heat preservation equipment.

And (4) carrying out cold charging path planning on the heat preservation equipment or the cold charging equipment through a path planning module. The heat preservation equipment or the mobile cold filling equipment is provided with a positioning module. The positioning module transmits the position information of the heat preservation equipment or the mobile cold filling equipment to the path planning module of the remote server, the path planning module stores the information and also stores the position distribution information of the cold filling stations or the cold filling piles, railway network data, road network data and weather network data can be obtained, and path planning is carried out according to actual conditions. The path planning module prompts the heat preservation equipment to be cold-charged according to cold quantity information transmitted to the heat preservation equipment energy storage device of the far-end server, cold-charged path planning is carried out on the heat preservation equipment, and according to position distribution information of a cold-charged station or a cold-charged pile, railway network data, road network data and weather network data, the optimal path for the heat preservation equipment to be matched and moved to the cold-charged station or the cold-charged pile for cold charging is carried out, or the optimal path for the mobile cold-charged equipment to be matched and moved to the heat preservation equipment is carried out. When the heat preservation equipment is used for cold charging, the cold charging position, the cold charging time, the cold charging flow, the cold charging total amount and the like of the heat preservation equipment can be controlled.

The transportation path of the heat preservation equipment can be planned through the path planning module, and the transportation path of the heat preservation equipment is planned based on the goods transportation requirements of customers and goods transportation target places.

According to the above description, it can be seen that the position data obtained by the remote server includes the position data of the thermal insulation device and the position data of the cooling device, and the remote server plans the path of the thermal insulation device or the cooling vehicle according to the above data. Since the data is transmitted to the remote server, the client can log in and check the transportation position of the goods through the internet.

The online settlement of the transportation cost or the cooling charge cost is realized through a settlement payment module, and the settlement module comprises a payment module and a collection module. The client realizes the online payment of the transportation fee through the payment module, and the transportation personnel realizes the online collection through the collection module. And the transport personnel can realize online payment of the cooling charge through the payment module.

The information system can monitor the environment in the heat preservation equipment in real time, return the state information of the heat preservation equipment and implement dynamic management on the system. Meanwhile, planning and cold quantity measurement and calculation of the transport path of the heat preservation box are realized by combining railway and highway network data and weather network data, cold quantity early warning is issued, and various functions of state monitoring, path planning, settlement and payment and the like are realized through integration of a server platform.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cold-charging installation comprising a first transport device for transporting a cold-carrying medium (Z) meeting predetermined requirements from a storage device for use and transporting a used cold-carrying medium (Y) to be refrigerated to the storage device, a storage device (23) for receiving the cold-carrying medium (Y) to be refrigerated from the storage device and transporting the refrigerated cold-carrying medium (Z) meeting predetermined requirements to the storage device, and a second transport device for receiving the cold-carrying medium (Y) to be refrigerated from the storage device and transporting the refrigerated cold-carrying medium (Z) meeting predetermined requirements to the storage device, characterized in that:

the storage device comprises at least a first storage unit (231) and a second storage unit (232), the first storage unit (231) is arranged for accommodating the cold carrier medium (Z) meeting the predetermined requirement, the second storage unit (232) is arranged for accommodating the cold carrier medium (Y) to be refrigerated;

the first storage unit (231) and the second storage unit (232) are separated by a partition (233), and the used cold carrying medium (Y) to be refrigerated and the cold carrying medium (Z) meeting the preset requirement are separated;

the first storage unit (231) and the second storage unit (232) are in fluid communication;

the refrigerated cooling medium (Z) meeting the predetermined requirement is transferred to the first storage unit (231).

2. A cold-charging installation according to claim 1, wherein the first transport device transports a cold carrier medium (Z) meeting predetermined requirements from the first storage unit (231) for use and transports the used cold carrier medium (Y) to be cooled to the second storage unit (232).

3. A cold-charging installation according to claim 1, wherein said second transfer means receives said cold carrier medium (Y) to be refrigerated from said second storage unit (232) and transfers the refrigerated cold carrier medium (Z) complying with predetermined requirements to said first storage unit (231).

4. A cold-charging installation according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein the storage means (23) is a tank provided with insulation. .

5. A cold-charging installation according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein said first storage unit (231) is provided with at least one first outlet line (221) for discharging the cold-carrying medium (Z) meeting the predetermined requirements and a first inlet line (242) for receiving the cold-carrying medium (Z) meeting the predetermined requirements transported by the second transporting means.

6. A cold charging device according to claim 5, wherein the second storage unit (232) is provided with a second liquid outlet pipe (241) for outputting the used cold carrier medium (Y) to be refrigerated outwards and at least one second liquid inlet pipe (222) for receiving the used cold carrier medium (Y) to be refrigerated.

7. Cold filling apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the first outlet line (221) and/or the second outlet line (241) are provided at a lower portion of the storage unit (231, 232).

8. Cold charge device according to claim 7, wherein said first intake line (242) and/or said second intake line (222) are provided in an upper portion of said storage unit (231, 232).

9. The cold charging device according to claim 6, wherein the first conveying device comprises a first circulating pump (21) and a first spraying device, the first circulating pump (21) outputs the cold carrying medium (Z) meeting the predetermined requirement through a first liquid outlet pipeline (221), and the used cold carrying medium (Y) to be refrigerated is conveyed to the second storage unit (232) through the spraying device arranged on the second liquid inlet pipeline (241).

10. The cold charging device according to claim 6, wherein the second conveying device comprises a second circulation pump (24) and a spraying device, the second circulation pump (24) outputs the used cold carrying medium (Y) to be refrigerated through a second liquid outlet pipeline (241), and the refrigerated cold carrying medium (Z) meeting the predetermined requirement is conveyed to the first storage unit (231) through the spraying device arranged on the first liquid inlet pipeline (242).

11. A cold-charging device according to any of claims 1-3, further comprising a refrigerating device (26), wherein said refrigerating device (26) is arranged on the transport path of said second transporting device to refrigerate the used cold-carrying medium (Y) to be refrigerated.

12. A cold-charging apparatus according to claim 11, wherein the refrigerating device (26) is a refrigerator group.

13. A cold-charging device according to claim 1, further comprising temperature sensing means arranged inside said first storage unit (231) and said second storage unit (232).

14. Cold filling apparatus according to claim 7, further comprising flow sensing means provided on said first outlet line (221) and/or said second outlet line (241).

15. A cold charging device according to claim 1, further comprising an information module providing location information and/or status information of the cold charging device.

16. A cold-filled container, characterized in that it comprises a cold-filling apparatus according to any of claims 1-15.

17. A refrigerated container as claimed in claim 16 wherein an insulation layer is provided between the refrigerated container and the refrigeration equipment.

18. A cold-charging station, characterized in that it comprises a cold-charging device according to any one of claims 1-15.

19. A cold-charging pile, characterized in that it comprises a cold-charging device according to any one of claims 1-15.

20. A cold-charging vehicle, characterized in that it comprises a cold-charging device according to any one of claims 1-15.

21. A cold-charging vehicle according to claim 20, wherein an insulating layer is provided between the cold-charging vehicle and the cold-charging device.