WO2020001500A1 - Appareil de stockage et de transport, conteneur à chaîne du froid, véhicule de transport à chaîne du froid, maison de réfrigération mobile et réfrigérateur - Google Patents

Appareil de stockage et de transport, conteneur à chaîne du froid, véhicule de transport à chaîne du froid, maison de réfrigération mobile et réfrigérateur Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020001500A1
WO2020001500A1 PCT/CN2019/093115 CN2019093115W WO2020001500A1 WO 2020001500 A1 WO2020001500 A1 WO 2020001500A1 CN 2019093115 W CN2019093115 W CN 2019093115W WO 2020001500 A1 WO2020001500 A1 WO 2020001500A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
heat exchange
cold
storage
transportation device
energy storage
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Application number
PCT/CN2019/093115
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
胡宏利
孟娣
丁玉龙
聂彬剑
李子潇
赵军鹏
张贝
童山虎
廖良金
Original Assignee
中车石家庄车辆有限公司
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Publication of WO2020001500A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020001500A1/fr

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D88/00—Large containers
    • B65D88/74—Large containers having means for heating, cooling, aerating or other conditioning of contents
    • B65D88/744—Large containers having means for heating, cooling, aerating or other conditioning of contents heating or cooling through the walls or internal parts of the container, e.g. circulation of fluid inside the walls

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a cold chain transportation system, and in particular, to a storage and transportation device capable of meeting different requirements for transportation temperature of goods.
  • Fresh products such as vegetables and fruits, processed foods such as frozen foods and dairy products, and various types of injections, medicaments, vaccines and other pharmaceutical products should always be in the specified temperature environment during production, storage, transportation, and sales, and in all links before consumption.
  • the storage and transportation of these items must rely on special equipment, and the temperature maintained in the special equipment varies with the types of items being transported.
  • the temperature range provided by refrigerated transportation equipment is -18 ° C to -22 ° C
  • the temperature range provided by refrigerated transportation equipment is 0 ° C to 7 ° C
  • the temperature range provided by constant temperature transportation equipment is 18 ° C to 22 ° C.
  • Patent KR200231247Y1 discloses a refrigeration system using phase change materials.
  • the refrigeration system includes a cold chain transport vehicle and a cooling and cooling device independent of the cold chain transport vehicle.
  • the cold chain transport vehicle has an energy storage device.
  • a heat exchanger and a heat exchanger are provided in the energy storage device.
  • Phase change material, external charge and cool equipment charge and cool the energy storage device.
  • the arrangement of the charging and cooling pipelines of the patented energy storage unit is unreasonable and cannot guarantee the refrigerating effect in the thermal insulation equipment.
  • the main purpose of the present invention is to provide a storage and transportation device, whose internal filling and cooling pipelines are reasonably arranged, and can guarantee the refrigerating effect in the thermal insulation equipment.
  • a storage and transportation device which includes a thermal insulation box and at least one passive energy storage unit disposed in the thermal insulation box, which is characterized by a plurality of passive energy storage
  • the units are connected to each other, and also include a cooling and charging pipeline for supplying a cold carrier liquid to the passive energy storage unit.
  • the cooling and charging pipeline includes a first charging and cooling tube and a second charging and cooling tube. Multiple passive energy storage units are connected between the pipes.
  • the cold carrier liquid flows through the first cold-charge tube, each passive energy storage unit, and the second cold-charge tube to form multiple fluid paths, and the strokes of each fluid path are the same.
  • the flow rate of each passive energy storage unit is the same, which guarantees the same cold storage capacity of the phase change material stored in the passive energy storage unit at different locations in the transportation device, and achieves the effect of uniform temperature at different locations inside the storage and transportation device.
  • a plurality of passive energy storage units are adjacent to each other and are arranged side by side in an arrangement direction, and the first charging and cooling pipes and the second charging and cooling pipes are respectively arranged at least partially along the arrangement direction of the plurality of passive energy storage units.
  • a plurality of passive energy storage units are arranged on the top and / or end of the cabinet to form a top passive energy storage unit group and / or an end passive energy storage unit group.
  • Multiple passive energy storage units can It better meets the temperature requirements of storage and transportation equipment.
  • the passive energy storage unit has a plate-like design.
  • one end of the first cold-filling pipe is a liquid inlet for filling a cold liquid
  • the other end of the first cold-filling pipe is closed, and the first cold-filling pipe is provided with multiple passive connections between one end and the other end. Coolant inlet for energy storage unit.
  • a plurality of valves for adjusting the flow of the cold carrier liquid are arranged on the first charging and cooling pipe.
  • one end of the second cold-charging tube is a liquid outlet for the cooling liquid
  • the other end of the second cold-charging tube is closed
  • the second cold-charging tube is provided with multiple passive energy storage devices between one end and the other end. Coolant outlet of the unit.
  • the second charging and cooling pipe is arranged around the outer boundary of the energy storage unit group formed by the plurality of passive energy storage units.
  • a fixed bracket is arranged on the top and / or the end of the box, and the passive energy storage unit is arranged on the fixed bracket.
  • the fixing bracket has a reinforcing rib.
  • the passive energy storage unit includes a casing, a phase change material, and a heat exchanger.
  • the interior of the casing defines a space for accommodating the phase change material.
  • the heat exchanger is disposed in the space and is used to conduct the phase change material and the heat exchanger.
  • the heat exchanger includes at least one group of heat exchange units.
  • the heat exchange unit includes a heat exchange body and a heat exchange reinforcement part, and the heat exchange reinforcement part strengthens heat conduction between the phase change material and the heat exchange body.
  • the heat exchange reinforcing portion increases a contact area between the phase change material and the heat exchanger, and is disposed around the heat exchange body.
  • the heat exchange reinforcing portion is provided to extend at least partially radially outward from the heat exchange body.
  • the heat exchange reinforcing portion is provided to extend at least partially axially from the heat exchange body.
  • the heat exchange enhancement parts are arranged at different axial heights of the heat exchange body.
  • the heat exchange reinforcing portion is coiled around the heat exchange body in a spiral manner.
  • one side of the heat exchange reinforcing portion supports the heat exchange body, and the other side is carried on the surface of the shell facing the phase change material.
  • the heat exchange body includes a plurality of tube portions connected in sequence
  • the heat exchange reinforcement portion includes a heat exchange reinforcement unit for each tube portion
  • adjacent heat exchange reinforcement units are at least partially thermally conductively connected to each other.
  • adjacent heat exchange strengthening units are connected at least partially.
  • the heat exchange body is configured as a bent tube, and the bent tube includes one or more U-shaped bends.
  • the heat exchange enhancement unit includes a plurality of heat exchange fins.
  • the heat exchange fins are straight or bent fins extending radially outward from the tube portion.
  • the two ends of the plurality of tube portions are respectively communicated with the first charge-cooling pipe and the second charge-cooling pipe.
  • a cold chain transport vehicle including the storage and transportation device of any one of the above schemes.
  • Passive cold storage technology is used in the cold chain transport vehicle, which separates the charging and cooling device from the cold chain transport vehicle, reduces the failure rate of the cold chain transport vehicle during transportation, and can also facilitate maintenance.
  • a cold chain transport vehicle including the storage and transportation device of any one of the above schemes.
  • Passive cold storage technology is used in the cold chain transport vehicle, which separates the charging and cooling device from the cold chain transport vehicle, reduces the failure rate of the cold chain transport vehicle during transportation, and can also facilitate maintenance.
  • a mobile cold storage which includes the storage and transportation device of any one of the above solutions.
  • Passive cold storage technology is used in mobile cold storage, which separates the charging and cooling device from the mobile cold storage, and does not need to provide additional cooling power. It is convenient for the mobile cold storage to be set up near communities, supermarkets and other living areas.
  • a refrigerator including the storage and transportation device according to any one of the above schemes.
  • Passive cold storage technology is used in the freezer, which improves the cooling effect of the freezer and meets the transportation needs of the goods while being easy to transport.
  • the design of the charging and cooling pipelines of the storage and transportation device and the design of the heat exchange strengthening part inside the passive energy storage unit of the invention meet the requirement of uniform temperature at different positions inside the storage and transportation device, and accelerate the interior of the passive energy storage unit.
  • the phase change material's cold storage process, and the above design can be used in cold chain containers, cold chain transport vehicles, mobile refrigerators or freezers.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a storage and transportation device according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the top of a cold chain container according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an end portion of a cold chain container according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is an isometric view of an energy storage board according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a heat exchanger in an energy storage plate according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an energy storage board according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a heat exchange fin with a clip structure according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a heat exchange fin according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a heat exchange fin according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a heat exchange fin according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a heat exchange fin according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a heat exchange fin according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.
  • 11 top energy storage board, 12: end energy storage board, 13: first cold charging tube, 14: second cold charging tube;
  • 111 shell, 112: heat exchanger, 113: radiating fins;
  • 1121 heat exchange enhancement section
  • 1122 heat exchange body
  • 1123 first heat exchange unit
  • 1124 second heat exchange unit
  • 11211 first fin, 11212: second fin, 11213: third fin, 11221: first tube portion, 11222: second tube portion, 11223: third tube portion, 11224: fourth tube portion;
  • a cold liquid inlet
  • b cold liquid outlet
  • X radial direction
  • the storage and transportation device in the present invention is used in a cold chain transportation system.
  • the storage and transportation device has a passive energy storage unit.
  • the passive energy storage unit provides cold energy for the storage and transportation device to ensure freezing, chilled items or biological Product requirements for storage ambient temperature.
  • the storage and transportation device in this embodiment is used for the cold chain container 1, and may also be used for any of a cold chain transport vehicle, a mobile refrigerator, or a freezer; the passive energy storage unit in this embodiment has a plate-like design Energy storage board.
  • the cold chain container 1 is used to store items. Therefore, during transportation, the temperature inside the thermal insulation box of the cold chain container 1 needs to be maintained within a predetermined temperature range.
  • the cold chain container 1 includes a thermal insulation box for storing items, a top energy storage board group that releases cold energy, an end energy storage board group, a first charging and cooling pipe 13 and a second charging and cooling pipe 14, The energy storage group and the end energy storage board group are arranged on the top and end fixed brackets of the cold chain container 1, which are adjacent to each other and arranged side by side.
  • the fixed bracket is designed with embedded ribs that can simultaneously increase the strength of the cold chain container 1 box.
  • the top energy storage plate group includes nine top energy storage plates 11, and the end energy storage plate includes one end energy storage plate 12, and the top energy storage plate 11, end energy storage plates 12 contain phase change materials, phase change materials inside.
  • the density of cold storage is large, the release energy is uniform and isothermal, the cold quantity is continuously and evenly released, and the temperature is automatically adjusted to keep the ambient temperature constant near the phase change point temperature of the phase change material, and maintain the refrigerated or frozen environment in the box. After a certain time, it needs to be supplemented with cold energy.
  • the first cold-charging tube 13 and the second cold-charging tube 14 receive the cold carrier liquid from the cold-charge equipment and deliver the cold carrier liquid to the top energy storage plate 11 and the end energy storage plate 12.
  • the cold carrier liquid flowing in the first cold-charging tube 13 and the second cold-charging tube 14 performs heat exchange with the phase change material in the top energy storage plate 11 and the end energy storage plate 12 to cause a phase change in the phase change material.
  • the cold capacity is stored in the phase change material.
  • the top energy storage plate 11 and the end energy storage plate 12 include two U-shaped tubes.
  • Each U-shaped tube includes a cold carrier liquid inlet a and a cold carrier liquid outlet b.
  • the liquid inlet a is in communication with the first cold-charging tube 13
  • the cold-carrying liquid outlet b is in communication with the second cold-charging tube 14
  • the cold-carrying liquid inlet a is located below the cold-carrying liquid outlet b.
  • the top energy storage plate 11 and the end energy storage plate 12 are connected in parallel through a first charging and cooling pipe 13 and a second charging and cooling pipe 14, and a cold carrier liquid flows through the first charging and cooling pipe 13, each passive energy storage unit and the first
  • the two charging and cooling pipes 14 form a plurality of fluid paths, and the strokes of each fluid path are the same.
  • the above design realizes that the cold carrier liquid flows through each energy storage board with the same stroke and the same flow rate, and can realize that the energy storage boards at different positions in the cold chain container have basically the same amount of cold storage, which guarantees different positions in the thermal insulation box of the cold chain container 1.
  • the temperature is uniform.
  • one end of the first cold-charging tube 13 is a liquid inlet for filling a cold liquid, and the other end is closed.
  • the first cold-charging tube 13 has a plurality of tops between the liquid inlet and the closed end.
  • the energy storage plate 11 is in communication with the cold liquid inlet a of the end energy storage plate 12, and a plurality of valves for regulating the flow of the cold liquid are arranged at the connection of the cold liquid inlet a, and the cold charging pipeline can be avoided by adjusting the valve Congestion; one end of the second charging and cooling pipe 14 is a liquid outlet of the cold liquid, and the other end is closed, and the second charging and cooling pipe 14 is between the liquid outlet and the closed end and a plurality of top energy storage plates 11 and the ends The cooling liquid outlet b of the energy storage plate 12 is communicated.
  • the second charging and cooling pipe 14 is arranged around the top energy storage plate 11 and the end energy storage plate 12.
  • the wrap-around design of the second cold-filled tube 14 maximizes the path of the second cold-filled tube, further ensuring the environmental temperature requirements in the thermal insulation box of the cold chain container 1.
  • the structure of the top energy storage plate 11 and the end energy storage plate 12 are the same.
  • the following uses the energy storage plate 11 as an example to describe the internal structure of the energy storage plate.
  • FIG. 4-7 is a structural diagram of the energy storage plate 11.
  • the energy storage plate 11 includes a casing 111 that contains a phase change material.
  • a heat exchanger 112 is provided in the casing 111. The amount of cold energy is transferred to the phase change material.
  • a cold carrier liquid is continuously supplied in the heat exchanger 112, and the phase change material exchanges heat with the cold carrier liquid in the heat exchanger 112 to generate a phase change.
  • the energy storage plate 11 is stopped from being cooled, that is, the supply of the cooling liquid is stopped, and the phase change material releases the stored cold quantity to the cold chain container 1 thermal insulation box. in.
  • the housing 111 is made of a metal material with good thermal conductivity and rigidity.
  • the housing 111 can adopt a flat plate structure.
  • At least part of the outer surface is provided with heat dissipation fins 113.
  • the heat dissipation fins 113 increase the energy storage plate 11 and the cold chain container. 1
  • the contact area of the storage space in the thermal insulation box facilitates the uniform release of cold energy
  • the heat radiation fins 113 constitute a heat radiation strengthening portion.
  • the shell can also adopt a curved plate structure, which also increases the heat exchange contact area between the shell and the external space in the main body of the thermal insulation box, which is conducive to the uniform release of cold energy.
  • At least one surface of the shell is provided in the form of a curved plate, and the surface structure may be a rib structure, a wave-shaped structure, or other structures with alternating protrusions and grooves.
  • the heat exchanger 112 is immersed in the phase change material and can cool the phase change material.
  • the heat exchanger 112 can optionally heat the phase change material.
  • the heat exchanger 112 has a heat exchange body 1122, and each heat exchange body 1122 has a cold carrier liquid inlet and a cold carrier liquid outlet.
  • the heat exchange body 1122 includes one or more U-shaped bends, and a cold carrier fluid flows through the heat exchange body 1122 while performing heat transfer with the phase change material.
  • a heat exchange strengthening portion 1121 is provided outside the heat exchange body 1122, and the heat exchange body 1122 and the heat exchange strengthening portion 1121 form a heat exchange unit.
  • the heat exchange body 1122 is a bent tube, which has two U-shaped bends, and two U-shaped elbows on both sides connect four straight pipe parts: the first The pipe section 11221, the second pipe section 11222, the third pipe section 11223, and the fourth pipe section 11224.
  • the first pipe section 11221 is connected to the cold liquid inlet a of the energy storage plate 11, and the fourth pipe section 11224 is connected to the The cold carrier liquid outlet b is connected.
  • the cold carrier liquid enters the first pipe portion 11221 from the inlet, flows through the four pipe portions in sequence, and flows out from the cold carrier liquid outlet b.
  • These four tube portions abut in the radial direction, and this direction is defined as the abutment direction X of the tube portions.
  • a heat exchange strengthening portion 1121 is provided outside the heat exchange body 1122, and a heat exchange strengthening portion provided corresponding to a tube portion is defined as a heat exchange strengthening unit.
  • each heat exchange strengthening unit includes three kinds of heat exchange fins: a first fin 11211, a second fin 11212, and a third fin 1113.
  • the fins are arranged to extend radially outward from the tube portion. Linear or arc-shaped fins, the fins extending over the entire axial length of the tube portion, and adjacent fins of adjacent tube portions are at least partially thermally connected to each other.
  • the first fin 11211 extends in the adjacent direction X of the tube portion
  • the second fin 11212 extends in the vertical direction of the tube portion abutment direction X, and further includes a direction between the adjacent direction of the tube portion and the vertical direction of the adjacent direction. ⁇ Extending the third fin 11213.
  • the fins are arranged around the tube portion.
  • each tube portion includes two second fins 11212, and the second fins 11212 can be extended to abut the inner surface of the casing 111 to become a ceiling mode, thereby supporting the bent pipe 1122.
  • Each tube portion includes two first fins 11211.
  • One of the first fins 11211 has a groove structure, and the other of the first fins 11211 has a protrusion.
  • the first tube portion 11221 has a first fin 11211 with a groove structure.
  • the first fin 11211 having a convex structure and the second tube portion 11222 are connected together through protrusions and grooves to become a hand-in-hand mode to maximize the heat exchange area of the heat exchanger 112 and the phase change material.
  • the second pipe part 11222 adopts the same connection method as the third pipe part 11223, the third pipe part 11223, and the fourth pipe part 11224.
  • the first fin 11211 between the first tube portion 11221 and the casing may extend all the way to the inner surface of the casing 222 to support the bent tube 1122. Of course, the first fin 11211 may not extend to the inner surface of the casing 111.
  • the heat exchange fins of the heat exchange strengthening unit can adopt other structural forms, such as linear or arc fins, the specific form is shown in Figure 8-12, as long as the contact area of the phase change material and the heat exchanger is increased Just fine.
  • 8-12 are schematic sectional views of heat exchange fins in the second to sixth embodiments of the present invention.
  • the fins may extend at least partially radially outward from the heat exchange body, or at least partially extend axially from the heat exchange body, or be distributed at different axial positions of the heat exchange body, or spirally
  • the mode is coiled around the heat exchange body.
  • the heat exchanger 112 may have multiple heat exchange units.
  • one heat exchanger has two heat exchange units, a first heat exchange unit 1123 and a second heat exchange unit 1124.
  • the first heat exchange unit 1123 and The second heat exchange unit 1124 abuts in the radial direction X of the pipe portion, and the first fin 11211 of the fourth pipe portion 11224 of the first heat exchange unit 1123 and the first fin of the first pipe portion 11221 of the second heat exchange unit 1124
  • a fin 11211 is connected together by protrusions and grooves, and the two heat exchange units become a hand-in-hand mode as a whole.
  • the first fin 11211 between the fourth tube portion 11224 of the second heat exchange unit 1124 and the casing 111 may extend all the way to the inner surface of the casing 111 to support the bent tube 1122.
  • the first fin 11211 may not It extends to the inner surface of the casing 111.
  • the fins can be manufactured with rough surfaces or through holes can be provided.
  • the shell may also be filled with crystal nuclei, and the crystal nuclei are preferably a honeycomb substance, such as honeycomb aluminum.
  • the above storage and transportation device uses a passive energy storage unit, which solves the technical barriers to energy supply during the cold chain transportation process. No external energy is required in the process. The operating safety is significantly improved, the cooling is uniform, and the temperature fluctuation is small.
  • the mobile cold storage of the source energy storage unit reduces the rate of cargo deterioration and effectively guarantees the quality of the cargo. At the same time, transportation costs are reduced and maintenance is easy.
  • the use of phase change materials has a large cold storage density, high latent heat value, non-toxic, non-corrosive, non-polluting, non-flammable and explosive, stable cycle performance, and long service life.
  • the storage and transportation device of the present invention can be used for cold chain containers, cold chain transport vehicles, mobile cold storages or freezers.
  • the invention can be used not only for railway transportation, road transportation, movable fixed cold storage, but also for same-city distribution.
  • Fresh food, agricultural products, medicine, flowers and other fresh materials in the urban area and the surrounding short-distance cold box city distribution, to solve the last mile, according to demand can be customized different types of cold boxes, adapt to different specifications of the same city distribution vehicles, fresh food Agricultural products are delivered to supermarkets and convenience stores, and can also be used as pick-up containers.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Devices That Are Associated With Refrigeration Equipment (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un appareil de stockage et de transport, et un conteneur à chaîne du froid, un véhicule de transport à chaîne du froid, et une maison de réfrigération mobile et un réfrigérateur comprenant l'appareil. L'appareil de stockage et de transport comprend une boîte d'isolation thermique et une pluralité d'unités de stockage d'énergie passive disposées dans la boîte d'isolation thermique, la pluralité d'unités de stockage d'énergie passive étant reliées l'une à l'autre, une conduite de charge à froid étant également prévue pour fournir un liquide porteur froid pour les unités de stockage d'énergie passive, la conduite de charge à froid comprenant un premier tuyau de charge à froid (13) et un second tuyau de charge à froid (14), et la pluralité d'unités de stockage d'énergie passive étant reliées entre le premier tuyau de charge à froid (13) et le second tuyau de charge à froid (14). Au moyen du dispositif de stockage et de transport, de l'énergie froide est stockée et libérée à travers un matériau à changement de phase, l'environnement de réfrigération d'un dispositif d'isolation thermique est maintenu sans alimentation électrique, une réfrigération passive est obtenue sans fournir de source d'alimentation, et la température de réfrigération dans la boîte d'isolation thermique est en outre garantie par l'intermédiaire de l'agencement des unités de stockage d'énergie passive et de la conduite de charge à froid.
PCT/CN2019/093115 2018-06-29 2019-06-26 Appareil de stockage et de transport, conteneur à chaîne du froid, véhicule de transport à chaîne du froid, maison de réfrigération mobile et réfrigérateur WO2020001500A1 (fr)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201810714437.XA CN109229996A (zh) 2018-06-29 2018-06-29 一种存储与运输装置
CN201810714437.X 2018-06-29

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WO2020001500A1 true WO2020001500A1 (fr) 2020-01-02

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CN108759536A (zh) * 2018-06-29 2018-11-06 丁玉龙 储能装置
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