WO2020000619A1 - 用于空气过滤的静电纺丝微纳纤维材料 - Google Patents

用于空气过滤的静电纺丝微纳纤维材料 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020000619A1
WO2020000619A1 PCT/CN2018/102043 CN2018102043W WO2020000619A1 WO 2020000619 A1 WO2020000619 A1 WO 2020000619A1 CN 2018102043 W CN2018102043 W CN 2018102043W WO 2020000619 A1 WO2020000619 A1 WO 2020000619A1
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Prior art keywords
fiber layer
pei
titanium dioxide
mixed solution
psu
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PCT/CN2018/102043
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
樊璠
Original Assignee
樊璠
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Publication of WO2020000619A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020000619A1/zh
Priority to ZA2020/03757A priority Critical patent/ZA202003757B/en

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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/0007—Electro-spinning
    • D01D5/0015—Electro-spinning characterised by the initial state of the material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
    • B01D39/14—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/0001—Making filtering elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/54—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using ultra-fine filter sheets or diaphragms
    • B01D46/546—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using ultra-fine filter sheets or diaphragms using nano- or microfibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/0007—Electro-spinning
    • D01D5/0061—Electro-spinning characterised by the electro-spinning apparatus
    • D01D5/0076—Electro-spinning characterised by the electro-spinning apparatus characterised by the collecting device, e.g. drum, wheel, endless belt, plate or grid
    • D01D5/0084—Coating by electro-spinning, i.e. the electro-spun fibres are not removed from the collecting device but remain integral with it, e.g. coating of prostheses
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
    • B01D2239/02—Types of fibres, filaments or particles, self-supporting or supported materials
    • B01D2239/0216—Bicomponent or multicomponent fibres

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of air filter materials, in particular to an electrospun micro / nano fiber material for air filtration.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an electrospun micro / nano fiber material for air filtration, thereby overcoming the disadvantages of the prior art.
  • the invention provides an electrostatic spinning micro-nano fiber material for air filtration, which is characterized in that the micro-nano fiber material is prepared by the following method: generating a PEI / titanium dioxide fiber layer on a receiving substrate; and on the PEI / titanium dioxide fiber layer Generate a PSU / silica fiber layer; peel the fiber layer from the receiving substrate.
  • generating the PEI / titanium dioxide fiber layer on the substrate specifically includes the following steps: preparing a PEI / titanium dioxide fiber layer spinning solution; using an electrostatic spinning method to generate a PEI / titanium dioxide fiber layer on the receiving substrate.
  • preparing the PEI / titanium dioxide fiber layer spinning solution includes: dissolving PEI in DMF and NMP mixed solvent to obtain a first mixed solution, wherein the mass ratio of DMF and NMP in the mixed solvent is 2: 1 -3: 1, the concentration of PEI is 10-15wt%; the first mixed solution is subjected to a water bath, the water bath temperature is 40-50 ° C, and the water bath time is 30-40h; and the titanium dioxide nanoparticles are added to the first mixed solution after the water bath To obtain a second mixed solution with a titanium dioxide nanoparticle concentration of 4-6 wt%; stir the second mixed solution; and pour the stirred second mixed solution into the injection cylinder of the electrostatic spinning device.
  • the electrospinning method is used to generate a PEI / titanium dioxide fiber layer on the receiving substrate.
  • the spinning voltage is 30-35kV
  • the distance between the injection nozzle and the receiving substrate is 10-20cm
  • the injection speed is It is 2-4 mL / h.
  • generating the PSU / silica fiber layer on the PEI / titanium dioxide fiber layer specifically includes the following steps: preparing a PSU / silica fiber layer spinning solution; using an electrostatic spinning method on the PEI / titanium dioxide fiber A PSU / silica fiber layer was formed on the layer.
  • the preparation of the PSU / silica fiber layer spinning solution includes: dissolving PSU in DMF and NMP mixed solvent to obtain a third mixed solution, wherein the mass ratio of DMF and NMP in the mixed solvent is 3 : 1-4: 1, the concentration of PSU is 12-16wt%; the third mixed solution is subjected to a water bath, the water bath temperature is 50-60 ° C, and the water bath time is 10-20h; to the third mixed solution after the water bath is added two
  • the silicon nano particles are oxidized to obtain a fourth mixed solution, and the concentration of the silicon dioxide nanoparticles is 7-9 wt%; the fourth mixed solution is stirred; and the stirred fourth mixed solution is poured into an injection cylinder of an electrostatic spinning device.
  • the electrospinning method is used to generate a PSU / silica fiber layer on the PEI / titanium dioxide fiber layer.
  • the spinning voltage is 20-25kV
  • the distance between the injection nozzle and the receiving substrate is 5 -10cm
  • injection speed is 2-4mL / h.
  • the present invention has the following beneficial effects: At present, there are a variety of air filter materials on the market, and these air filter materials cannot completely meet the requirements on the filter material's filtering efficiency, resistance pressure drop, dust holding capacity, air permeability, etc. Claim.
  • the present invention proposes an electrostatic spinning micro-nano fiber material. Because the filter material of the present invention uses a more advanced structure and uses more advanced components and optimized processes, the present invention The filtering efficiency of the material is higher than that of the traditional filtering material, the dust holding capacity is greatly increased, and the air permeability can be taken into consideration.
  • the micro-nano fiber material is prepared by the following methods: generating a PEI / titanium dioxide fiber layer on the receiving substrate; generating a PSU / silica fiber layer on the PEI / titanium dioxide fiber layer; and peeling the fiber layer from the receiving substrate.
  • Generating a PEI / titanium dioxide fiber layer on a substrate specifically includes the following steps: preparing a PEI / titanium dioxide fiber layer spinning solution; and using an electrostatic spinning method to generate a PEI / titanium dioxide fiber layer on a receiving substrate.
  • the preparation of the PEI / titanium dioxide fiber layer spinning solution includes: dissolving PEI in DMF and NMP mixed solvent to obtain a first mixed solution, wherein the mass ratio of DMF and NMP in the mixed solvent is 2: 1, and the concentration of PEI is 10 wt%;
  • the first mixed solution was subjected to a water bath with a water bath temperature of 40 ° C. and a water bath time of 30 h. Titanium dioxide nanoparticles were added to the first mixed solution after the water bath to obtain a second mixed solution with a titanium dioxide nanoparticle concentration of 4 wt%.
  • the mixed solution is stirred; the stirred second mixed solution is poured into an injection cylinder to which the electrospinning device is placed.
  • the use of electrostatic spinning to generate a PEI / titanium dioxide fiber layer on the receiving substrate is specifically: the spinning voltage is 30 kV, the distance between the syringe nozzle and the receiving substrate is 10 cm, and the injection speed is 2 mL / h.
  • Generating a PSU / silica fiber layer on the PEI / titanium dioxide fiber layer specifically includes the following steps: preparing a PSU / silica fiber layer spinning solution; using electrostatic spinning to generate PSU / silica fiber on the PEI / titanium dioxide fiber layer Fiber layer.
  • the preparation of the PSU / silica fiber layer spinning solution includes: dissolving PSU in DMF and NMP mixed solvent to obtain a third mixed solution, wherein the mass ratio of DMF and NMP in the mixed solvent is 3: 1, and the concentration of PSU is 12wt %;
  • the third mixed solution was subjected to a water bath with a water bath temperature of 50 ° C. and a water bath time of 10 h; silica nanoparticles were added to the third mixed solution after the water bath to obtain a fourth mixed solution, and the concentration of the silica nanoparticles was 7 wt%; stirring the fourth mixed solution; pouring the stirred fourth mixed solution into the injection cylinder to which the electrospinning equipment is placed.
  • the electrospinning method is used to generate a PSU / silica fiber layer on the PEI / titanium dioxide fiber layer.
  • the spinning voltage is 20 kV
  • the distance between the injection nozzle and the receiving substrate is 5 cm
  • the injection speed is 2 mL / h.
  • the micro-nano fiber material is prepared by the following methods: generating a PEI / titanium dioxide fiber layer on the receiving substrate; generating a PSU / silica fiber layer on the PEI / titanium dioxide fiber layer; and peeling the fiber layer from the receiving substrate.
  • Generating a PEI / titanium dioxide fiber layer on a substrate specifically includes the following steps: preparing a PEI / titanium dioxide fiber layer spinning solution; and using an electrostatic spinning method to generate a PEI / titanium dioxide fiber layer on a receiving substrate.
  • the preparation of the PEI / titanium dioxide fiber layer spinning solution includes: dissolving PEI in DMF and NMP mixed solvent to obtain a first mixed solution, wherein the mass ratio of DMF and NMP in the mixed solvent is 3: 1, and the concentration of PEI is 15 wt%;
  • the first mixed solution was subjected to a water bath with a water bath temperature of 50 ° C. and a water bath time of 40 h. Titanium dioxide nanoparticles were added to the first mixed solution after the water bath to obtain a second mixed solution with a titanium dioxide nanoparticle concentration of 6 wt%.
  • the mixed solution is stirred; the stirred second mixed solution is poured into an injection cylinder to which the electrospinning device is placed.
  • the formation of a PEI / titanium dioxide fiber layer on a receiving substrate using an electrostatic spinning method is specifically: a spinning voltage of 35 kV, a distance between a syringe nozzle and the receiving substrate is 20 cm, and an injection speed is 4 mL / h.
  • Generating a PSU / silica fiber layer on the PEI / titanium dioxide fiber layer specifically includes the following steps: preparing a PSU / silica fiber layer spinning solution; using electrostatic spinning to generate PSU / silica fiber on the PEI / titanium dioxide fiber layer Fiber layer.
  • the preparation of the PSU / silica fiber layer spinning solution includes: dissolving PSU in DMF and NMP mixed solvent to obtain a third mixed solution, wherein the mass ratio of DMF and NMP in the mixed solvent is 4: 1, and the concentration of PSU is 16wt %;
  • the third mixed solution was subjected to a water bath with a water bath temperature of 60 ° C. and a water bath time of 20 h; silica nanoparticles were added to the third mixed solution after the water bath to obtain a fourth mixed solution with a silica nanoparticle concentration of 9 wt. %; Stir the fourth mixed solution; pour the stirred fourth mixed solution into the injection cylinder to which the electrospinning equipment is placed.
  • the electrospinning method is used to generate a PSU / silica fiber layer on the PEI / titanium dioxide fiber layer.
  • the spinning voltage is 25 kV
  • the distance between the injection nozzle and the receiving substrate is 10 cm
  • the injection speed is 4 mL / h.
  • the micro-nano fiber material is prepared by the following methods: generating a PEI / titanium dioxide fiber layer on the receiving substrate; generating a PSU / silica fiber layer on the PEI / titanium dioxide fiber layer; and peeling the fiber layer from the receiving substrate.
  • Generating a PEI / titanium dioxide fiber layer on a substrate specifically includes the following steps: preparing a PEI / titanium dioxide fiber layer spinning solution; and using an electrostatic spinning method to generate a PEI / titanium dioxide fiber layer on a receiving substrate.
  • the preparation of the PEI / titanium dioxide fiber layer spinning solution includes: dissolving PEI in DMF and NMP mixed solvent to obtain a first mixed solution, wherein the mass ratio of DMF and NMP in the mixed solvent is 2.5: 1, and the concentration of PEI is 12 wt%;
  • the first mixed solution was subjected to a water bath with a water bath temperature of 45 ° C. and a water bath time of 35 h. Titanium dioxide nanoparticles were added to the first mixed solution after the water bath to obtain a second mixed solution with a titanium dioxide nanoparticle concentration of 5 wt%.
  • the mixed solution is stirred; the stirred second mixed solution is poured into an injection cylinder to which the electrospinning device is placed.
  • the electrospinning method is used to generate a PEI / titanium dioxide fiber layer on the receiving substrate.
  • the spinning voltage is 32 kV
  • the distance between the nozzle of the syringe and the receiving substrate is 15 cm
  • the injection speed is 3 mL / h.
  • Generating a PSU / silica fiber layer on the PEI / titanium dioxide fiber layer specifically includes the following steps: preparing a PSU / silica fiber layer spinning solution; using electrostatic spinning to generate PSU / silica fiber on the PEI / titanium dioxide fiber layer Fiber layer.
  • the preparation of the PSU / silica fiber layer spinning solution includes: dissolving PSU in DMF and NMP mixed solvent to obtain a third mixed solution, wherein the mass ratio of DMF and NMP in the mixed solvent is 3.5: 1, and the concentration of PSU is 14wt %;
  • the third mixed solution was subjected to a water bath with a water bath temperature of 55 ° C. and a water bath time of 15 h; silica nanoparticles were added to the third mixed solution after the water bath to obtain a fourth mixed solution, and the concentration of the silica nanoparticles was 8 wt%; stirring the fourth mixed solution; pouring the stirred fourth mixed solution into the injection cylinder to which the electrospinning equipment is placed.
  • the electrospinning method is used to generate a PSU / silica fiber layer on the PEI / titanium dioxide fiber layer.
  • the spinning voltage is 22 kV
  • the distance between the injection nozzle and the receiving substrate is 7 cm
  • the injection speed is 3 mL / h.
  • the micro-nano fiber material is prepared by the following methods: generating a PEI / titanium dioxide fiber layer on the receiving substrate; generating a PSU / silica fiber layer on the PEI / titanium dioxide fiber layer; and peeling the fiber layer from the receiving substrate.
  • Generating a PEI / titanium dioxide fiber layer on a substrate specifically includes the following steps: preparing a PEI / titanium dioxide fiber layer spinning solution; and using an electrostatic spinning method to generate a PEI / titanium dioxide fiber layer on a receiving substrate.
  • the preparation of the PEI / titanium dioxide fiber layer spinning solution includes: dissolving PEI in DMF and NMP mixed solvent to obtain a first mixed solution, wherein the mass ratio of DMF and NMP in the mixed solvent is 1: 1, and the concentration of PEI is 20 wt%;
  • the first mixed solution was subjected to a water bath with a water bath temperature of 60 ° C. and a water bath time of 20 h. Titanium dioxide nanoparticles were added to the first mixed solution after the water bath to obtain a second mixed solution with a titanium dioxide nanoparticle concentration of 8% by weight.
  • the mixed solution is stirred; the stirred second mixed solution is poured into an injection cylinder to which the electrospinning device is placed.
  • the electrospinning method is used to generate a PEI / titanium dioxide fiber layer on the receiving substrate.
  • the spinning voltage is 32 kV
  • the distance between the nozzle of the syringe and the receiving substrate is 15 cm
  • the injection speed is 3 mL / h.
  • Generating a PSU / silica fiber layer on the PEI / titanium dioxide fiber layer specifically includes the following steps: preparing a PSU / silica fiber layer spinning solution; using electrostatic spinning to generate PSU / silica fiber on the PEI / titanium dioxide fiber layer Fiber layer.
  • the preparation of the PSU / silica fiber layer spinning solution includes: dissolving PSU in DMF and NMP mixed solvent to obtain a third mixed solution, wherein the mass ratio of DMF and NMP in the mixed solvent is 3.5: 1, and the concentration of PSU is 14wt %;
  • the third mixed solution was subjected to a water bath with a water bath temperature of 55 ° C. and a water bath time of 15 h; silica nanoparticles were added to the third mixed solution after the water bath to obtain a fourth mixed solution, and the concentration of the silica nanoparticles was 8 wt%; stirring the fourth mixed solution; pouring the stirred fourth mixed solution into the injection cylinder to which the electrospinning equipment is placed.
  • a spinning voltage is 22 kV
  • a distance between a syringe nozzle and a receiving substrate is 7 cm
  • an injection speed is 3 mL / h.
  • the micro-nano fiber material is prepared by the following methods: generating a PEI / titanium dioxide fiber layer on the receiving substrate; generating a PSU / silica fiber layer on the PEI / titanium dioxide fiber layer; and peeling the fiber layer from the receiving substrate.
  • Generating a PEI / titanium dioxide fiber layer on a substrate specifically includes the following steps: preparing a PEI / titanium dioxide fiber layer spinning solution; and using an electrostatic spinning method to generate a PEI / titanium dioxide fiber layer on a receiving substrate.
  • the preparation of the PEI / titanium dioxide fiber layer spinning solution includes: dissolving PEI in DMF and NMP mixed solvent to obtain a first mixed solution, wherein the mass ratio of DMF and NMP in the mixed solvent is 2.5: 1, and the concentration of PEI is 12 wt%;
  • the first mixed solution was subjected to a water bath with a water bath temperature of 45 ° C. and a water bath time of 35 h. Titanium dioxide nanoparticles were added to the first mixed solution after the water bath to obtain a second mixed solution with a titanium dioxide nanoparticle concentration of 5 wt%.
  • the mixed solution is stirred; the stirred second mixed solution is poured into an injection cylinder to which the electrospinning device is placed.
  • the use of electrostatic spinning to generate a PEI / titanium dioxide fiber layer on the receiving substrate is specifically: the spinning voltage is 25 kV, the distance between the nozzle of the syringe and the receiving substrate is 25 cm, and the injection speed is 5 mL / h.
  • Generating a PSU / silica fiber layer on the PEI / titanium dioxide fiber layer specifically includes the following steps: preparing a PSU / silica fiber layer spinning solution; using electrostatic spinning to generate PSU / silica fiber on the PEI / titanium dioxide fiber layer Fiber layer.
  • the preparation of the PSU / silica fiber layer spinning solution includes: dissolving PSU in DMF and NMP mixed solvent to obtain a third mixed solution, wherein the mass ratio of DMF and NMP in the mixed solvent is 3.5: 1, and the concentration of PSU is 14wt %;
  • the third mixed solution was subjected to a water bath with a water bath temperature of 55 ° C. and a water bath time of 15 h; silica nanoparticles were added to the third mixed solution after the water bath to obtain a fourth mixed solution, and the concentration of the silica nanoparticles was 8 wt%; stirring the fourth mixed solution; pouring the stirred fourth mixed solution into the injection cylinder to which the electrospinning equipment is placed.
  • the electrospinning method is used to generate a PSU / silica fiber layer on the PEI / titanium dioxide fiber layer.
  • the spinning voltage is 22 kV
  • the distance between the injection nozzle and the receiving substrate is 7 cm
  • the injection speed is 3 mL / h.
  • the micro-nano fiber material is prepared by the following methods: generating a PEI / titanium dioxide fiber layer on the receiving substrate; generating a PSU / silica fiber layer on the PEI / titanium dioxide fiber layer; and peeling the fiber layer from the receiving substrate.
  • Generating a PEI / titanium dioxide fiber layer on a substrate specifically includes the following steps: preparing a PEI / titanium dioxide fiber layer spinning solution; and using an electrostatic spinning method to generate a PEI / titanium dioxide fiber layer on a receiving substrate.
  • the preparation of the PEI / titanium dioxide fiber layer spinning solution includes: dissolving PEI in DMF and NMP mixed solvent to obtain a first mixed solution, wherein the mass ratio of DMF and NMP in the mixed solvent is 2.5: 1, and the concentration of PEI is 12 wt%;
  • the first mixed solution was subjected to a water bath with a water bath temperature of 45 ° C. and a water bath time of 35 h. Titanium dioxide nanoparticles were added to the first mixed solution after the water bath to obtain a second mixed solution with a titanium dioxide nanoparticle concentration of 5 wt%.
  • the mixed solution is stirred; the stirred second mixed solution is poured into an injection cylinder to which the electrospinning device is placed.
  • the electrospinning method is used to generate a PEI / titanium dioxide fiber layer on the receiving substrate.
  • the spinning voltage is 32 kV
  • the distance between the nozzle of the syringe and the receiving substrate is 15 cm
  • the injection speed is 3 mL / h.
  • Generating a PSU / silica fiber layer on the PEI / titanium dioxide fiber layer specifically includes the following steps: preparing a PSU / silica fiber layer spinning solution; using electrostatic spinning to generate PSU / silica fiber on the PEI / titanium dioxide fiber layer Fiber layer.
  • the preparation of the PSU / silica fiber layer spinning solution includes: dissolving PSU in DMF and NMP mixed solvent to obtain a third mixed solution, wherein the mass ratio of DMF and NMP in the mixed solvent is 2: 1, and the concentration of PSU is 18wt %;
  • the third mixed solution was subjected to a water bath with a water bath temperature of 65 ° C. and a water bath time of 25 h; silica nanoparticles were added to the third mixed solution after the water bath to obtain a fourth mixed solution, and the concentration of the silica nanoparticles was 12 wt%; stirring the fourth mixed solution; pouring the stirred fourth mixed solution into the injection cylinder to which the electrostatic spinning device is placed.
  • the electrospinning method is used to generate a PSU / silica fiber layer on the PEI / titanium dioxide fiber layer.
  • the spinning voltage is 22 kV
  • the distance between the injection nozzle and the receiving substrate is 7 cm
  • the injection speed is 3 mL / h.
  • the micro-nano fiber material is prepared by the following methods: generating a PEI / titanium dioxide fiber layer on the receiving substrate; generating a PSU / silica fiber layer on the PEI / titanium dioxide fiber layer; and peeling the fiber layer from the receiving substrate.
  • Generating a PEI / titanium dioxide fiber layer on a substrate specifically includes the following steps: preparing a PEI / titanium dioxide fiber layer spinning solution; and using an electrostatic spinning method to generate a PEI / titanium dioxide fiber layer on a receiving substrate.
  • the preparation of the PEI / titanium dioxide fiber layer spinning solution includes: dissolving PEI in DMF and NMP mixed solvent to obtain a first mixed solution, wherein the mass ratio of DMF and NMP in the mixed solvent is 2.5: 1, and the concentration of PEI is 12 wt%;
  • the first mixed solution was subjected to a water bath with a water bath temperature of 45 ° C. and a water bath time of 35 h. Titanium dioxide nanoparticles were added to the first mixed solution after the water bath to obtain a second mixed solution with a titanium dioxide nanoparticle concentration of 5 wt%.
  • the mixed solution is stirred; the stirred second mixed solution is poured into an injection cylinder to which the electrospinning device is placed.
  • the electrospinning method is used to generate a PEI / titanium dioxide fiber layer on the receiving substrate.
  • the spinning voltage is 32 kV
  • the distance between the nozzle of the syringe and the receiving substrate is 15 cm
  • the injection speed is 3 mL / h.
  • Generating a PSU / silica fiber layer on the PEI / titanium dioxide fiber layer specifically includes the following steps: preparing a PSU / silica fiber layer spinning solution; using electrostatic spinning to generate PSU / silica fiber on the PEI / titanium dioxide fiber layer Fiber layer.
  • the preparation of the PSU / silica fiber layer spinning solution includes: dissolving PSU in DMF and NMP mixed solvent to obtain a third mixed solution, wherein the mass ratio of DMF and NMP in the mixed solvent is 3.5: 1, and the concentration of PSU is 14wt %;
  • the third mixed solution was subjected to a water bath with a water bath temperature of 55 ° C. and a water bath time of 15 h; silica nanoparticles were added to the third mixed solution after the water bath to obtain a fourth mixed solution, and the concentration of the silica nanoparticles was 8 wt%; stirring the fourth mixed solution; pouring the stirred fourth mixed solution into the injection cylinder to which the electrospinning equipment is placed.
  • the electrospinning method is used to generate the PSU / silica fiber layer on the PEI / titanium dioxide fiber layer.
  • the spinning voltage is 30 kV
  • the distance between the injection nozzle and the receiving substrate is 15 cm
  • the injection speed is 6 mL / h.
  • Example 1-7 The dust holding capacity and filtration efficiency tests were performed on Examples 1-7. The test methods followed national standards. The test results were normalized relative to Example 1.
  • Example 1 100% 100%
  • Example 2 104% 106%
  • Example 3 107%
  • Example 4 83% 74%
  • Example 5 80% 80%
  • Example 6 74% 77%

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Abstract

一种用于空气过滤的静电纺丝微纳纤维材料，微纳纤维材料由如下方法制备：在接收基板上生成PEI/二氧化钛纤维层；在PEI/二氧化钛纤维层上生成PSU/二氧化硅纤维层；将纤维层与接收基板剥离。配制PEI/二氧化钛纤维层纺丝液；使用静电纺丝方式在接收基板上生成PEI/二氧化钛纤维层。配制PSU/二氧化硅纤维层纺丝液；使用静电纺丝方式在PEI/二氧化钛纤维层上生成PSU/二氧化硅纤维层。所述过滤材料采用了更先进的结构并使用了更先进的组分和优化的工艺，使得所述的过滤效率高于传统过滤材料，容尘量大大增加，并且透气性也能够适当程度的兼顾。

Description

用于空气过滤的静电纺丝微纳纤维材料 技术领域
本发明涉及空气过滤材料领域，特别涉及用于空气过滤的静电纺丝微纳纤维材料。
背景技术
随着我国工业的高速发展，发电厂、水泥厂、钢铁厂、垃圾焚烧厂、煤矿等工矿企业排放到大气中的煤烟、粉尘和扬尘等污染物日益增多，这些污染物粒径大多在0.01-100μm范围内，其中对人体危害最大的是粒径小于2.5μm的颗粒污染物(PM2.5)。据《中国新闻网》报道，2013年初以来，中国发生大范围持续雾霾天气。据统计，受影响雾霾区域包括华北平原、黄淮、江淮、江汉、江南、华南北部等地区，受影响面积约占国土面积的1/4，受影响人口约6亿人。2013年10月21日，哈尔滨发生重度雾霾天气，PM2.5指数持续爆表，能见度下降至50m，航班延误，省内的全部高速公路封闭，哈尔滨教育行政部门通知全市中小学停课，部分公交线路已暂时停止运营或加大发车间隔。2014年2月23日，北京空气质量指数达296，属重度污染，北京市首次启动空气重污染“黄色预警”后，随后预警级别上调为“橙色预警”，严重的雾霾天气造成了大量的呼吸疾病，北京各大医院人满为患。PM2.5不仅降低能见度，增加交通事故，给人们的出行带来不便，其被吸入人体后会直接进入支气管，引发哮喘、支气管炎、尘肺和心血管病等疾病，这也是造成我国肺癌患者急剧增加的主要原因之一。2013年两会首次将PM2.5标准写入政府工作报告。2014年1月4日，国家减灾办、民政部通报2013年自然灾情，首次将雾霾天气纳入其中。因此，设计和制备能有效从根源上解决空气中粉尘污染的过滤材料是一项关乎民生卫生健康的重大课 题。
公开于该背景技术部分的信息仅仅旨在增加对本发明的总体背景的理解，而不应当被视为承认或以任何形式暗示该信息构成已为本领域一般技术人员所公知的现有技术。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供用于空气过滤的静电纺丝微纳纤维材料，从而克服现有技术的缺点。
本发明提供了一种用于空气过滤的静电纺丝微纳纤维材料，其特征在于：微纳纤维材料由如下方法制备：在接收基板上生成PEI/二氧化钛纤维层；在PEI/二氧化钛纤维层上生成PSU/二氧化硅纤维层；将纤维层与接收基板剥离。
优选地，上述技术方案中，在基底上生成PEI/二氧化钛纤维层具体包括如下步骤：配制PEI/二氧化钛纤维层纺丝液；使用静电纺丝方式在接收基板上生成PEI/二氧化钛纤维层。
优选地，上述技术方案中，配制PEI/二氧化钛纤维层纺丝液包括：将PEI溶于DMF以及NMP混合溶剂，得到第一混合溶液，其中，混合溶剂中DMF和NMP的质量比为2:1-3:1，PEI的浓度为10-15wt％；对第一混合溶液进行水浴，水浴温度为40-50℃，水浴时间为30-40h；向水浴后的第一混合溶液中加入二氧化钛纳米颗粒，得到第二混合溶液，二氧化钛纳米颗粒浓度为4-6wt％；对第二混合溶液进行搅拌；将搅拌后的第二混合溶液倒入静电纺丝设备到的注射筒中。
优选地，上述技术方案中，使用静电纺丝方式在接收基板上生成PEI/二氧化钛纤维层具体为：纺丝电压为30-35kV，注射筒喷嘴与接收基板之间距离为10-20cm，注射速度为2-4mL/h。
优选地，上述技术方案中，在PEI/二氧化钛纤维层上生成PSU/二氧化硅纤维层具体包括如下步骤：配制PSU/二氧化硅纤维层纺丝液；使用静电纺丝 方式在PEI/二氧化钛纤维层上生成PSU/二氧化硅纤维层。
优选地，上述技术方案中，配制PSU/二氧化硅纤维层纺丝液包括：将PSU溶于DMF以及NMP混合溶剂，得到第三混合溶液，其中，混合溶剂中DMF和NMP的质量比为3:1-4:1，PSU的浓度为12-16wt％；对第三混合溶液进行水浴，水浴温度为50-60℃，水浴时间为10-20h；向水浴后的第三混合溶液中加入二氧化硅纳米颗粒，得到第四混合溶液，二氧化硅纳米颗粒浓度为7-9wt％；对第四混合溶液进行搅拌；将搅拌后的第四混合溶液倒入静电纺丝设备到的注射筒中。
优选地，上述技术方案中，使用静电纺丝方式在PEI/二氧化钛纤维层上生成PSU/二氧化硅纤维层具体为：纺丝电压为20-25kV，注射筒喷嘴与接收基板之间距离为5-10cm，注射速度为2-4mL/h。
与现有技术相比，本发明具有如下有益效果：目前市面上存在多种空气过滤材料，这些空气过滤材料不能完全满足对于过滤材料过滤效率、阻力压降、容尘量、透气性等方面的要求。为了提高过滤材料的综合性能，本发明提出了一种静电纺丝微纳纤维材料，由于本发明的过滤材料采用了更先进的结构并使用了更先进的组分和优化的工艺，使得本发明的材料的过滤效率高于传统过滤材料，容尘量大大增加，并且透气性也能够适当程度的兼顾。
具体实施方式
提供以下实施方式是为了能够更透彻地理解本公开，并且能够将本公开的范围完整的传达给本领域的技术人员。
实施例1
微纳纤维材料由如下方法制备：在接收基板上生成PEI/二氧化钛纤维层；在PEI/二氧化钛纤维层上生成PSU/二氧化硅纤维层；将纤维层与接收基板剥离。在基底上生成PEI/二氧化钛纤维层具体包括如下步骤：配制PEI/二氧化钛纤维层纺丝液；使用静电纺丝方式在接收基板上生成PEI/二氧化钛纤维层。配制PEI/二氧化钛纤维层纺丝液包括：将PEI溶于DMF以及NMP混合溶剂， 得到第一混合溶液，其中，混合溶剂中DMF和NMP的质量比为2:1，PEI的浓度为10wt％；对第一混合溶液进行水浴，水浴温度为40℃，水浴时间为30h；向水浴后的第一混合溶液中加入二氧化钛纳米颗粒，得到第二混合溶液，二氧化钛纳米颗粒浓度为4wt％；对第二混合溶液进行搅拌；将搅拌后的第二混合溶液倒入静电纺丝设备到的注射筒中。使用静电纺丝方式在接收基板上生成PEI/二氧化钛纤维层具体为：纺丝电压为30kV，注射筒喷嘴与接收基板之间距离为10cm，注射速度为2mL/h。在PEI/二氧化钛纤维层上生成PSU/二氧化硅纤维层具体包括如下步骤：配制PSU/二氧化硅纤维层纺丝液；使用静电纺丝方式在PEI/二氧化钛纤维层上生成PSU/二氧化硅纤维层。配制PSU/二氧化硅纤维层纺丝液包括：将PSU溶于DMF以及NMP混合溶剂，得到第三混合溶液，其中，混合溶剂中DMF和NMP的质量比为3:1，PSU的浓度为12wt％；对第三混合溶液进行水浴，水浴温度为50℃，水浴时间为10h；向水浴后的第三混合溶液中加入二氧化硅纳米颗粒，得到第四混合溶液，二氧化硅纳米颗粒浓度为7wt％；对第四混合溶液进行搅拌；将搅拌后的第四混合溶液倒入静电纺丝设备到的注射筒中。使用静电纺丝方式在PEI/二氧化钛纤维层上生成PSU/二氧化硅纤维层具体为：纺丝电压为20kV，注射筒喷嘴与接收基板之间距离为5cm，注射速度为2mL/h。
实施例2
微纳纤维材料由如下方法制备：在接收基板上生成PEI/二氧化钛纤维层；在PEI/二氧化钛纤维层上生成PSU/二氧化硅纤维层；将纤维层与接收基板剥离。在基底上生成PEI/二氧化钛纤维层具体包括如下步骤：配制PEI/二氧化钛纤维层纺丝液；使用静电纺丝方式在接收基板上生成PEI/二氧化钛纤维层。配制PEI/二氧化钛纤维层纺丝液包括：将PEI溶于DMF以及NMP混合溶剂，得到第一混合溶液，其中，混合溶剂中DMF和NMP的质量比为3:1，PEI的浓度为15wt％；对第一混合溶液进行水浴，水浴温度为50℃，水浴时间为40h；向水浴后的第一混合溶液中加入二氧化钛纳米颗粒，得到第二混合溶液，二氧化钛纳米颗粒浓度为6wt％；对第二混合溶液进行搅拌；将搅拌后的第二混合溶液倒入静电纺丝设备到的注射筒中。使用静电纺丝方式在接收基板上生 成PEI/二氧化钛纤维层具体为：纺丝电压为35kV，注射筒喷嘴与接收基板之间距离为20cm，注射速度为4mL/h。在PEI/二氧化钛纤维层上生成PSU/二氧化硅纤维层具体包括如下步骤：配制PSU/二氧化硅纤维层纺丝液；使用静电纺丝方式在PEI/二氧化钛纤维层上生成PSU/二氧化硅纤维层。配制PSU/二氧化硅纤维层纺丝液包括：将PSU溶于DMF以及NMP混合溶剂，得到第三混合溶液，其中，混合溶剂中DMF和NMP的质量比为4:1，PSU的浓度为16wt％；对第三混合溶液进行水浴，水浴温度为60℃，水浴时间为20h；向水浴后的第三混合溶液中加入二氧化硅纳米颗粒，得到第四混合溶液，二氧化硅纳米颗粒浓度9wt％；对第四混合溶液进行搅拌；将搅拌后的第四混合溶液倒入静电纺丝设备到的注射筒中。使用静电纺丝方式在PEI/二氧化钛纤维层上生成PSU/二氧化硅纤维层具体为：纺丝电压为25kV，注射筒喷嘴与接收基板之间距离为10cm，注射速度为4mL/h。
实施例3
微纳纤维材料由如下方法制备：在接收基板上生成PEI/二氧化钛纤维层；在PEI/二氧化钛纤维层上生成PSU/二氧化硅纤维层；将纤维层与接收基板剥离。在基底上生成PEI/二氧化钛纤维层具体包括如下步骤：配制PEI/二氧化钛纤维层纺丝液；使用静电纺丝方式在接收基板上生成PEI/二氧化钛纤维层。配制PEI/二氧化钛纤维层纺丝液包括：将PEI溶于DMF以及NMP混合溶剂，得到第一混合溶液，其中，混合溶剂中DMF和NMP的质量比为2.5:1，PEI的浓度为12wt％；对第一混合溶液进行水浴，水浴温度为45℃，水浴时间为35h；向水浴后的第一混合溶液中加入二氧化钛纳米颗粒，得到第二混合溶液，二氧化钛纳米颗粒浓度为5wt％；对第二混合溶液进行搅拌；将搅拌后的第二混合溶液倒入静电纺丝设备到的注射筒中。使用静电纺丝方式在接收基板上生成PEI/二氧化钛纤维层具体为：纺丝电压为32kV，注射筒喷嘴与接收基板之间距离为15cm，注射速度为3mL/h。在PEI/二氧化钛纤维层上生成PSU/二氧化硅纤维层具体包括如下步骤：配制PSU/二氧化硅纤维层纺丝液；使用静电纺丝方式在PEI/二氧化钛纤维层上生成PSU/二氧化硅纤维层。配制PSU/二氧化硅纤维层纺丝液包括：将PSU溶于DMF以及NMP混合溶剂，得到第三混合 溶液，其中，混合溶剂中DMF和NMP的质量比为3.5:1，PSU的浓度为14wt％；对第三混合溶液进行水浴，水浴温度为55℃，水浴时间为15h；向水浴后的第三混合溶液中加入二氧化硅纳米颗粒，得到第四混合溶液，二氧化硅纳米颗粒浓度为8wt％；对第四混合溶液进行搅拌；将搅拌后的第四混合溶液倒入静电纺丝设备到的注射筒中。使用静电纺丝方式在PEI/二氧化钛纤维层上生成PSU/二氧化硅纤维层具体为：纺丝电压为22kV，注射筒喷嘴与接收基板之间距离为7cm，注射速度为3mL/h。
实施例4
微纳纤维材料由如下方法制备：在接收基板上生成PEI/二氧化钛纤维层；在PEI/二氧化钛纤维层上生成PSU/二氧化硅纤维层；将纤维层与接收基板剥离。在基底上生成PEI/二氧化钛纤维层具体包括如下步骤：配制PEI/二氧化钛纤维层纺丝液；使用静电纺丝方式在接收基板上生成PEI/二氧化钛纤维层。配制PEI/二氧化钛纤维层纺丝液包括：将PEI溶于DMF以及NMP混合溶剂，得到第一混合溶液，其中，混合溶剂中DMF和NMP的质量比为1:1，PEI的浓度为20wt％；对第一混合溶液进行水浴，水浴温度为60℃，水浴时间为20h；向水浴后的第一混合溶液中加入二氧化钛纳米颗粒，得到第二混合溶液，二氧化钛纳米颗粒浓度为8wt％；对第二混合溶液进行搅拌；将搅拌后的第二混合溶液倒入静电纺丝设备到的注射筒中。使用静电纺丝方式在接收基板上生成PEI/二氧化钛纤维层具体为：纺丝电压为32kV，注射筒喷嘴与接收基板之间距离为15cm，注射速度为3mL/h。在PEI/二氧化钛纤维层上生成PSU/二氧化硅纤维层具体包括如下步骤：配制PSU/二氧化硅纤维层纺丝液；使用静电纺丝方式在PEI/二氧化钛纤维层上生成PSU/二氧化硅纤维层。配制PSU/二氧化硅纤维层纺丝液包括：将PSU溶于DMF以及NMP混合溶剂，得到第三混合溶液，其中，混合溶剂中DMF和NMP的质量比为3.5:1，PSU的浓度为14wt％；对第三混合溶液进行水浴，水浴温度为55℃，水浴时间为15h；向水浴后的第三混合溶液中加入二氧化硅纳米颗粒，得到第四混合溶液，二氧化硅纳米颗粒浓度为8wt％；对第四混合溶液进行搅拌；将搅拌后的第四混合溶液倒入静电纺丝设备到的注射筒中。使用静电纺丝方式在PEI/二氧化钛纤维层上生 成PSU/二氧化硅纤维层具体为：纺丝电压为22kV，注射筒喷嘴与接收基板之间距离为7cm，注射速度为3mL/h。
实施例5
微纳纤维材料由如下方法制备：在接收基板上生成PEI/二氧化钛纤维层；在PEI/二氧化钛纤维层上生成PSU/二氧化硅纤维层；将纤维层与接收基板剥离。在基底上生成PEI/二氧化钛纤维层具体包括如下步骤：配制PEI/二氧化钛纤维层纺丝液；使用静电纺丝方式在接收基板上生成PEI/二氧化钛纤维层。配制PEI/二氧化钛纤维层纺丝液包括：将PEI溶于DMF以及NMP混合溶剂，得到第一混合溶液，其中，混合溶剂中DMF和NMP的质量比为2.5:1，PEI的浓度为12wt％；对第一混合溶液进行水浴，水浴温度为45℃，水浴时间为35h；向水浴后的第一混合溶液中加入二氧化钛纳米颗粒，得到第二混合溶液，二氧化钛纳米颗粒浓度为5wt％；对第二混合溶液进行搅拌；将搅拌后的第二混合溶液倒入静电纺丝设备到的注射筒中。使用静电纺丝方式在接收基板上生成PEI/二氧化钛纤维层具体为：纺丝电压为25kV，注射筒喷嘴与接收基板之间距离为25cm，注射速度为5mL/h。在PEI/二氧化钛纤维层上生成PSU/二氧化硅纤维层具体包括如下步骤：配制PSU/二氧化硅纤维层纺丝液；使用静电纺丝方式在PEI/二氧化钛纤维层上生成PSU/二氧化硅纤维层。配制PSU/二氧化硅纤维层纺丝液包括：将PSU溶于DMF以及NMP混合溶剂，得到第三混合溶液，其中，混合溶剂中DMF和NMP的质量比为3.5:1，PSU的浓度为14wt％；对第三混合溶液进行水浴，水浴温度为55℃，水浴时间为15h；向水浴后的第三混合溶液中加入二氧化硅纳米颗粒，得到第四混合溶液，二氧化硅纳米颗粒浓度为8wt％；对第四混合溶液进行搅拌；将搅拌后的第四混合溶液倒入静电纺丝设备到的注射筒中。使用静电纺丝方式在PEI/二氧化钛纤维层上生成PSU/二氧化硅纤维层具体为：纺丝电压为22kV，注射筒喷嘴与接收基板之间距离为7cm，注射速度为3mL/h。
实施例6
微纳纤维材料由如下方法制备：在接收基板上生成PEI/二氧化钛纤维层； 在PEI/二氧化钛纤维层上生成PSU/二氧化硅纤维层；将纤维层与接收基板剥离。在基底上生成PEI/二氧化钛纤维层具体包括如下步骤：配制PEI/二氧化钛纤维层纺丝液；使用静电纺丝方式在接收基板上生成PEI/二氧化钛纤维层。配制PEI/二氧化钛纤维层纺丝液包括：将PEI溶于DMF以及NMP混合溶剂，得到第一混合溶液，其中，混合溶剂中DMF和NMP的质量比为2.5:1，PEI的浓度为12wt％；对第一混合溶液进行水浴，水浴温度为45℃，水浴时间为35h；向水浴后的第一混合溶液中加入二氧化钛纳米颗粒，得到第二混合溶液，二氧化钛纳米颗粒浓度为5wt％；对第二混合溶液进行搅拌；将搅拌后的第二混合溶液倒入静电纺丝设备到的注射筒中。使用静电纺丝方式在接收基板上生成PEI/二氧化钛纤维层具体为：纺丝电压为32kV，注射筒喷嘴与接收基板之间距离为15cm，注射速度为3mL/h。在PEI/二氧化钛纤维层上生成PSU/二氧化硅纤维层具体包括如下步骤：配制PSU/二氧化硅纤维层纺丝液；使用静电纺丝方式在PEI/二氧化钛纤维层上生成PSU/二氧化硅纤维层。配制PSU/二氧化硅纤维层纺丝液包括：将PSU溶于DMF以及NMP混合溶剂，得到第三混合溶液，其中，混合溶剂中DMF和NMP的质量比为2:1，PSU的浓度为18wt％；对第三混合溶液进行水浴，水浴温度为65℃，水浴时间为25h；向水浴后的第三混合溶液中加入二氧化硅纳米颗粒，得到第四混合溶液，二氧化硅纳米颗粒浓度为12wt％；对第四混合溶液进行搅拌；将搅拌后的第四混合溶液倒入静电纺丝设备到的注射筒中。使用静电纺丝方式在PEI/二氧化钛纤维层上生成PSU/二氧化硅纤维层具体为：纺丝电压为22kV，注射筒喷嘴与接收基板之间距离为7cm，注射速度为3mL/h。
实施例7
微纳纤维材料由如下方法制备：在接收基板上生成PEI/二氧化钛纤维层；在PEI/二氧化钛纤维层上生成PSU/二氧化硅纤维层；将纤维层与接收基板剥离。在基底上生成PEI/二氧化钛纤维层具体包括如下步骤：配制PEI/二氧化钛纤维层纺丝液；使用静电纺丝方式在接收基板上生成PEI/二氧化钛纤维层。配制PEI/二氧化钛纤维层纺丝液包括：将PEI溶于DMF以及NMP混合溶剂，得到第一混合溶液，其中，混合溶剂中DMF和NMP的质量比为2.5:1，PEI的 浓度为12wt％；对第一混合溶液进行水浴，水浴温度为45℃，水浴时间为35h；向水浴后的第一混合溶液中加入二氧化钛纳米颗粒，得到第二混合溶液，二氧化钛纳米颗粒浓度为5wt％；对第二混合溶液进行搅拌；将搅拌后的第二混合溶液倒入静电纺丝设备到的注射筒中。使用静电纺丝方式在接收基板上生成PEI/二氧化钛纤维层具体为：纺丝电压为32kV，注射筒喷嘴与接收基板之间距离为15cm，注射速度为3mL/h。在PEI/二氧化钛纤维层上生成PSU/二氧化硅纤维层具体包括如下步骤：配制PSU/二氧化硅纤维层纺丝液；使用静电纺丝方式在PEI/二氧化钛纤维层上生成PSU/二氧化硅纤维层。配制PSU/二氧化硅纤维层纺丝液包括：将PSU溶于DMF以及NMP混合溶剂，得到第三混合溶液，其中，混合溶剂中DMF和NMP的质量比为3.5:1，PSU的浓度为14wt％；对第三混合溶液进行水浴，水浴温度为55℃，水浴时间为15h；向水浴后的第三混合溶液中加入二氧化硅纳米颗粒，得到第四混合溶液，二氧化硅纳米颗粒浓度为8wt％；对第四混合溶液进行搅拌；将搅拌后的第四混合溶液倒入静电纺丝设备到的注射筒中。使用静电纺丝方式在PEI/二氧化钛纤维层上生成PSU/二氧化硅纤维层具体为：纺丝电压为30kV，注射筒喷嘴与接收基板之间距离为15cm，注射速度为6mL/h。
对实施例1-7进行容尘量和过滤效率测试，测试方法遵循国家标准，测试结果相对于实施例1进行归一化处理。
表1
  容尘量 过滤效率
实施例1 100％ 100％
实施例2 104％ 106％
实施例3 107％ 103％
实施例4 83％ 74％
实施例5 80％ 80％
实施例6 74％ 77％
实施例7 70％ 76％
以上所述，仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到的变化或替换，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。因此，本发明的保护范围应所述以权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (7)

  1. 一种用于空气过滤的静电纺丝微纳纤维材料，其特征在于：所述微纳纤维材料由如下方法制备：
    在接收基板上生成PEI/二氧化钛纤维层；
    在所述PEI/二氧化钛纤维层上生成PSU/二氧化硅纤维层；
    将纤维层与所述接收基板剥离。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的静电纺丝微纳纤维材料，其特征在于：在基底上生成PEI/二氧化钛纤维层具体包括如下步骤：
    配制PEI/二氧化钛纤维层纺丝液；
    使用静电纺丝方式在接收基板上生成PEI/二氧化钛纤维层。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的静电纺丝微纳纤维材料，其特征在于：所述配制PEI/二氧化钛纤维层纺丝液包括：
    将PEI溶于DMF以及NMP混合溶剂，得到第一混合溶液，其中，混合溶剂中DMF和NMP的质量比为2:1-3:1，所述PEI的浓度为10-15wt％；
    对第一混合溶液进行水浴，水浴温度为40-50℃，水浴时间为30-40h；
    向水浴后的第一混合溶液中加入二氧化钛纳米颗粒，得到第二混合溶液，所述二氧化钛纳米颗粒浓度为4-6wt％；
    对第二混合溶液进行搅拌；
    将搅拌后的第二混合溶液倒入静电纺丝设备到的注射筒中。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的静电纺丝微纳纤维材料，其特征在于：使用静电纺丝方式在接收基板上生成PEI/二氧化钛纤维层具体为：纺丝电压为30-35kV，注射筒喷嘴与接收基板之间距离为10-20cm，注射速度为2-4mL/h。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的静电纺丝微纳纤维材料，其特征在于：在所述PEI/二氧化钛纤维层上生成PSU/二氧化硅纤维层具体包括如下步骤：
    配制PSU/二氧化硅纤维层纺丝液；
    使用静电纺丝方式在所述PEI/二氧化钛纤维层上生成PSU/二氧化硅纤维层。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的静电纺丝微纳纤维材料，其特征在于：配制PSU/二氧化硅纤维层纺丝液包括：
    将PSU溶于DMF以及NMP混合溶剂，得到第三混合溶液，其中，混合溶剂中DMF和NMP的质量比为3:1-4:1，所述PSU的浓度为12-16wt％；
    对第三混合溶液进行水浴，水浴温度为50-60℃，水浴时间为10-20h；
    向水浴后的第三混合溶液中加入二氧化硅纳米颗粒，得到第四混合溶液，所述二氧化硅纳米颗粒浓度为7-9wt％；
    对第四混合溶液进行搅拌；
    将搅拌后的第四混合溶液倒入静电纺丝设备到的注射筒中。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的静电纺丝微纳纤维材料，其特征在于：使用静电纺丝方式在所述PEI/二氧化钛纤维层上生成PSU/二氧化硅纤维层具体为：纺丝电压为20-25kV，注射筒喷嘴与接收基板之间距离为5-10cm，注射速度为2-4mL/h。
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