WO2019227391A1 - 一种手/自动锁芯结构及手/自动u型锁 - Google Patents
一种手/自动锁芯结构及手/自动u型锁 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2019227391A1 WO2019227391A1 PCT/CN2018/089255 CN2018089255W WO2019227391A1 WO 2019227391 A1 WO2019227391 A1 WO 2019227391A1 CN 2018089255 W CN2018089255 W CN 2018089255W WO 2019227391 A1 WO2019227391 A1 WO 2019227391A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- lock
- chamber
- cavity
- latch
- shaft
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
- E05B15/00—Other details of locks; Parts for engagement by bolts of fastening devices
- E05B15/10—Bolts of locks or night latches
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
- E05B19/00—Keys; Accessories therefor
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
- E05B47/00—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
- E05B67/00—Padlocks; Details thereof
Definitions
- the invention relates to the technical field of locks, in particular to a hand / automatic lock core structure and a hand / automatic U-shaped lock formed based on the lock core structure.
- the existing lock cylinders are mainly divided into mechanical-manual lock cylinders and electric control-automatic types based on the different lock functions.
- the mechanical lock cylinder is generally rotated by the cooperation of the key to move the latch during the rotation of the lock cylinder to achieve the unlocking or locking action.
- the electronically controlled lock cylinder is A driving device such as a motor is used to drive the latch to move to realize the action of unlocking or locking.
- U-shaped locks are a common type of locks in current life, which are generally used to lock bicycles, motorcycles, fence gates, etc .; existing U-shaped locks are mainly composed of locks, U-shaped rings and locks.
- the lock core in the brake is composed of lock holes at the two ends of the lock for the two ends of the U-shaped lock ring and lock grooves for the lock core to be opened in the U-shaped lock ring.
- the lock core is used to achieve a bilateral locking effect on the U-shaped lock ring.
- U-shaped locks using existing lock cores can adjust the length of the U-shaped lock ring, they will also increase the complexity of the lock core structure and reduce the anti-theft and anti-demolition performance of the lock.
- the existing U-shaped locks also Defects such as single unlocking and single locking are common.
- one object of the present invention is to provide a hand / automatic lock cylinder structure; another object of the present invention is to provide a hand / automatic U-shaped lock formed based on the aforementioned lock cylinder structure.
- the first technical solution adopted by the present invention is:
- a manual / automatic lock core structure which includes
- a lock cylinder cavity in which a power chamber, an adjustment chamber, and a latch chamber that are sequentially penetrated are opened in a horizontal direction, and a lock chamber is also provided in the lock cylinder cavity.
- a keyhole chamber that communicates with the latch chamber;
- An electrically controlled driver is packaged in a lock cylinder cavity shell;
- a power conversion shaft the power conversion shaft is installed in the power chamber, and a head end of the power conversion shaft is connected to a power output end of the electric control driver to convert the power output by the electric control driver in a horizontal direction;
- An elastic latch which is installed in the latch cavity; when the elastic latch is in a decompressed state, an end of the elastic latch is located in the latch cavity; the elastic latch is under pressure In the state, the end of the elastic latch is located in the keyhole cavity;
- a key unlocker is installed in the adjustment chamber and can rotate with respect to the horizontal plane of the adjustment chamber, and the key unlocker is clamped at the end of the power conversion shaft and the head end of the elastic latch. between.
- an assembly chamber coaxially distributed with the power chamber and intersecting the power chamber is also provided in the lock cylinder cavity, and the electric control driver is a drive motor installed in the assembly chamber;
- the power conversion shaft includes a rotary screw with a head end penetrating through the head port of the power chamber and a translation screw sleeve which is installed in the power chamber and is threaded on the end of the rotary screw.
- the translation screw sleeve The end of the abutment is against the key unlocker, the head end of the rotating screw is connected to the power output shaft of the drive motor, and the head end of the rotating screw is formed with a limit position that abuts against the inner end surface of the head port of the power chamber. ring.
- the key unlocking device includes a rotating block installed in the adjustment chamber and clamped between the end of the power conversion shaft and the head end of the elastic latch, and a vertical cavity penetrating the lock core cavity shell.
- the rotating block is a block-shaped block body.
- the rotating block is provided with an adjustment and positioning port.
- the top end portion of the key lock shaft is distributed through the adjustment and positioning port.
- the rotation block is driven to rotate in the adjustment chamber relative to the horizontal plane of the adjustment chamber.
- the elastic latch includes a tongue lever portion, a stop ring portion formed on the head end of the tongue lever portion, and a pressing force formed on the head end side of the stop ring portion and abutting against the key unlocker.
- a lever portion and a reset spring sleeved on the bolt lever portion and located in the latch cavity; when the elastic latch is in a decompressed state, an end of the bolt lever portion is located in the latch cavity; the elastic latch When under pressure, the end of the bolt stem is located in the keyhole cavity.
- the lock cylinder cavity shell is further provided with an electric control drive board connected to the electric control drive, and a signal identifier, an energy storage battery and a lock switch respectively electrically connected to the electric control drive board.
- the lock switch Located at the bottom end of the keyhole cavity.
- the signal identifier is a fingerprint identifier embedded in a side wall of the lock cylinder cavity shell or a wireless communication module built in the lock cylinder cavity shell.
- a hand / automatic U-shaped lock includes a U-shaped lock ring, a lock brake, and a lock core enclosed in the lock brake.
- the lock core adopts the hand / auto lock core structure described above.
- the lock brake A first lock hole and a second lock hole are provided at the two ends in the horizontal direction for the two ends of the U-shaped lock ring to align the insert sleeves respectively, and the first lock hole and the lock hole cavity are coaxially distributed. And communicate with the keyhole cavity.
- one end of the U-shaped lock ring is bent into an arc-shaped fixed shaft, and the other end of the U-shaped lock ring is formed with a positioning lock shaft penetrating through the lock hole cavity through the first lock hole.
- a locking groove is provided on the peripheral wall of the peripheral wall and opposite to the terminal mouth of the latch chamber.
- the second locking hole is in the shape and direction of an arc-curved fixed shaft. Matching shaft hole structure.
- the lock brake includes a fixed lock post coaxially distributed with the lock cylinder cavity shell, an inner pipe sleeve covering the fixed lock pole and the lock cylinder cavity shell as a whole, and an outer sleeve covered on the inner pipe sleeve.
- the second lock hole is opened on the fixed lock post, the first lock hole is penetrated through the inner pipe cover and the outer wall cover in the radial direction of the inner pipe cover, and the fixed lock post and the inner pipe are opened Sealing rings are also provided between the sleeves and between the lock core cavity shell and the inner tube sleeve.
- the present invention can realize the manual lock of the entire lock cylinder and the U-shaped lock formed by the lock cylinder structure through the cooperation of the power conversion shaft and the elastic latch through the provided electronically controlled driver and key unlocker.
- the automatic locking and unlocking functions greatly ensure the diversity of the use of the lock core and the lock and the safety of the use; the lock core and the U-shaped lock have a simple and compact structure, are convenient and diverse to operate and use, and have high security and strong Practical value and marketing value.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a lock core according to an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a lock cylinder cavity shell according to an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 3 is an exploded view of the structure of a lock core according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a U-shaped lock according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is an exploded schematic view of a U-shaped lock according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic structural assembly diagram of a U-shaped lock according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- a hand / automatic lock core structure provided in this embodiment includes:
- a lock cylinder cavity shell 10 which is mainly used for packaging the internal components of the lock cylinder, and can adopt an integrated or split hollow housing structure according to specific conditions, or an upper flap as shown in FIG. 3
- the split hollow shell structure formed by assembling the shell 11, the lower valve shell 12, and the end valve shell 13; opened in the lock cylinder cavity shell 10 in the horizontal direction (also can be understood as dividing or separating) and has a sequential penetration
- An electrically controlled driver 20 which is mainly used to provide power for the moving parts of the lock cylinder, and can be packaged in the lock cylinder cavity 10 according to the specific structure of the lock cylinder cavity shell 10 or its own structural form;
- a power conversion shaft 30 is mainly used for converting and outputting the power output from the electronically controlled driver 20 in the horizontal direction so as to coordinate the components installed in the adjustment chamber b and the latch chamber c.
- the power chamber a and its head end is connected to the power output end of the electronically controlled driver 20;
- An elastic latch 40 is installed in the latch chamber c so that when the elastic latch 40 is in a decompressed state (that is, under the condition of no horizontal compression force), the end of the elastic latch 40 is located on the latch. Inside the cavity c; and when under pressure (that is, under a horizontal compression force), the end of the elastic latch 40 protrudes from the end port of the latch cavity c and is finally located in the lock Inside the cavity d;
- a key unlocker 50 is mainly used to cooperate with a key so as to be driven and rotated by the key, so as to achieve a pressure or decompression effect on the elastic latch 40.
- the key unlocker 50 is installed in the adjustment chamber b and can be The rotary motion is performed relative to the horizontal plane of the adjustment chamber b, and the key unlocker 50 is clamped between the end of the power conversion shaft 30 and the head end of the elastic latch 40.
- the manual or automatic locking and unlocking function of the entire lock cylinder can be realized through the provided electronically controlled driver 20 and key unlocker 50, specifically:
- the user can rotate the key unlocker 50 through the key. Since the key unlocker 50 is clamped between the power conversion shaft 30 and the elastic latch 40, the power conversion The shaft 30 is equivalent to a fixed component, and the elastic latch 40 is equivalent to a movable component. During the rotation of the key unlocker 50, the change in its shape and structure will change between the side wall and the head end of the elastic latch 40. Distance to achieve the function of pressure or decompression of the elastic latch, and then complete the manual locking or manual unlocking of the lock cylinder.
- an assembly chamber e coaxially distributed with the power chamber a and penetrating the power chamber a is also provided in the lock cylinder cavity 10, and is electrically controlled.
- the driver 20 is preferably a driving motor installed in the assembly chamber e; and the power conversion shaft 30 includes a rotary screw 31 with a head end penetrating the head port of the power chamber a and a main body installed in the power chamber a Translational sleeve 32 internally and threadedly fitted on the end of the rotating screw 31; wherein the end of the translational screw sleeve 32 abuts the peripheral wall of the key unlocker 50, and the head of the rotation screw 31 is connected to the power of the driving motor
- a stop ring 33 is formed on the output shaft and at the head end portion of the rotary screw 31 to abut the inner end surface of the head port of the power chamber a.
- the power output by the drive motor is rotary power
- the power output from the drive motor can be converted into power in the horizontal direction by using the cooperation of the rotary screw 31 and the translation screw sleeve 32.
- the function and the rotation screw 31 are fixed on the output shaft of the drive motor, so the rotation screw 31 can only be rotated in the power chamber a.
- the translation screw sleeve 32 can be driven to move horizontally in the power chamber a to A thrust or release pressure is applied to the key unlocker 50 to complete the automatic locking or unlocking function of the lock cylinder.
- the electric driver 40 of this embodiment may also adopt an electro-hydraulic device according to the actual situation, and the power conversion shaft 30 may use a hydraulic push rod, so that the electric driver 40 can output power directly in the horizontal direction.
- the key unlocker 50 of this embodiment includes an end installed in the adjustment chamber b and clamped at the end of the power conversion shaft 30 ( Specifically, the rotation block 51 between the end of the translation screw sleeve 32) and the head end of the elastic latch 40 and a key lock penetrating in the lock core cavity 10 in a vertical direction for key insertion and cooperation with the key Axis 52; among them, the rotating block 51 is a block-shaped structure (such as a cuboid-like structure, an ellipse-like structure, and other non-isolateral or non-equidistant geometric structures).
- the adjustment positioning port 53 (its shape is optimized as a bar shape), and the top portion of the key lock shaft 52 is distributed through the adjustment positioning port 53, and the key lock shaft 52 can drive the rotation block 51 in the adjustment chamber b relative to the adjustment chamber The horizontal plane of the chamber b is rotated. Therefore, the key lock shaft 52 can be used as the driving shaft of the rotation block 51.
- the rotation block 51 can be driven to rotate, so that the shape and orientation of the rotation block 51 can be changed to Change the distance between it and the elastic latch 40, thereby forming pressure or decompression on the elastic latch 40; and by using the adjustment positioning port 53, the key lock shaft 52 is not operated, so that the rotating block 51 is electrically operated.
- the actuator 20 and the power conversion shaft 30 are horizontally moved relative to the key lock shaft 50 in the direction of the elastic latch 40 to form a pressure on the elastic latch 40 or relative to the elastic latch 40 under the action of the elastic force of the elastic latch 40.
- the key lock shaft 50 is horizontally moved in a direction where the power conversion shaft 30 is located to form a decompression of the elastic latch 40.
- the elastic latch 40 of this embodiment includes a tongue lever portion 41 and a stop ring portion 42 formed at the head end of the tongue lever portion 41.
- a pressing lever portion 43 formed on the head end side of the stop ring portion 42 and abutting against the key unlocker 50, and a return spring 44 sleeved on the bolt lever portion 41 and located in the latch chamber c; when elastic When the latch 40 is in a decompressed state as a whole, the return spring 44 will release the elastic force in the latch chamber c, so that the tongue lever portion 41, the stop ring portion 42 and the pressing lever portion 43 will synchronously move toward the key unlocker.
- an electric control drive plate 60 connected to the electric control drive 20 and a signal identifier respectively electrically connected to the electric control drive plate 60 are installed on the lock cylinder cavity shell 10. 61.
- the electronically controlled driver 40 can be controlled to output the corresponding power, thereby locking or unlocking, and using the lock
- the switch 63 can also realize the automatic locking or unlocking action.
- the electric control driving board 60 can follow the on / off signal of the lock switch 63.
- the electric control driver 50 to output the corresponding power to achieve locking or unlocking; and the energy storage battery 62 can provide electrical energy guarantee for the electric components of the entire lock core.
- the signal identifier 61 of this embodiment may use a fingerprint reader embedded on the side wall of the lock cylinder cavity 10 or a wireless communication module (such as a wifi module or Bluetooth module, etc.); In this way, the user can enter fingerprint information through the fingerprint reader and unlock or lock the fingerprint information after the electronic control driver board 60 successfully authenticates the fingerprint information, or use mobile communication devices such as mobile phones to match the information and Communication technology to realize automatic unlocking and locking of the lock cylinder.
- the signal identifier 61 of this embodiment may also use other verification or signal identification devices such as a radio frequency module.
- this embodiment also provides a hand / automatic U-shaped lock. It includes a U-shaped lock ring 70, a lock 80, and a lock core enclosed in the lock 80.
- the lock core adopts the above-mentioned manual / automatic lock core structure, and the lock 80 is at both ends in the horizontal direction.
- a first lock hole 81 and a second lock hole 82 are respectively provided for the two ends of the U-shaped lock ring 70 to align with the insert sleeve, and the first lock hole 81 is coaxially distributed with the lock hole cavity d and is connected with the lock.
- the cavity chamber d is in communication. Therefore, after the two ends of the U-shaped lock ring 70 are inserted into the corresponding lock holes, the U-shaped lock ring 70 can be locked on the lock 80 by controlling the lock core. And automatic locking and unlocking functions, which greatly ensure the diversity and safety of users when using U-locks.
- one end of the U-shaped locking ring 70 in this embodiment is bent in an arc.
- An arc-curved fixed shaft 71 is formed, and the other end is formed with a positioning lock shaft 72 penetrating in the lock hole chamber d through the first lock hole 81, and on the peripheral wall of the positioning lock shaft 72 and the lock chamber c
- a lock groove 73 is provided at the opposite position of the end mouth for the end of the elastic latch 40 to engage with the position; and the second lock hole 82 is a shaft hole structure that matches the shape and direction of the arc-curved fixed shaft 71. .
- the lock 80 of this embodiment includes a fixed lock post 83 coaxially distributed with the lock core cavity shell 10 1.
- An inner tube cover 84 that covers the fixed lock post 83 and the lock core cavity 10 as a whole, and an outer wall cover 85 that covers the outside of the inner tube cover 84.
- the second lock hole 82 is opened in the fixed lock post.
- the first lock hole 81 penetrates the inner tube sleeve 84 and the outer wall sleeve 85 along the radial direction of the inner tube sleeve 84, between the fixed lock post 83 and the inner tube sleeve 84, and between the lock cylinder cavity shell 10 and the inner tube.
- a seal ring 86 is also provided between the sleeves 84.
- the entire lock cylinder can integrate the traditional mechanical lock cylinder function with the electric control lock cylinder function.
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Abstract
一种手/自动锁芯结构及手/自动U型锁，其中，锁芯结构包括一沿水平方向开设有动力腔室（a）、调节腔室（b）和锁闩腔室（c）且在竖直方向开设有锁孔腔室（d）的锁芯腔壳（10）以及封装于锁芯腔壳（10）内的电控驱动器（20）、装设于动力腔室（a）内且头端与电控驱动器（20）相连的动力转换轴（30）、装设于锁闩腔室（c）内的弹性锁闩（40）和装设于调节腔室（b）内并夹持于动力转换轴（30）的末端与弹性锁闩（40）的头端之间的钥匙解锁器（50）。通过设置的电控驱动器（20）和钥匙解锁器（50），在动力转换轴（30）与弹性锁闩（40）的配合下可实现整个锁芯以及基于此锁芯结构所形成的U型锁的手动或自动上锁与解锁功能，保证了锁芯及锁具使用方式的多样性以及使用的安全性。
Description
本发明涉及锁具技术领域，尤其是一种手/自动锁芯结构以及基于此锁芯结构所形成的手/自动U型锁。
锁芯作为控制锁具启闭的核心组成部件，对锁具的安全性具有至关重要的作用，现有的锁芯基于锁具功能的不同，主要分为机械-手动式锁芯和电控-自动式锁芯两种，其中，机械锁芯一般是在钥匙的配合带动下进行转动，以在锁芯转动的过程中带动锁闩进行移动，从而实现开锁或闭锁的动作；而电控锁芯则是利用诸如马达等驱动装置来带动锁闩进行移动以实现开锁或闭锁的动作。
同时，U型锁作为目前生活中一种常见所锁具类型，其一般用于锁定自行车、摩托车、栅栏门等等；现有的U型锁主要由锁闸、U型锁环及置于锁闸内的锁芯组成，在锁闸的两端开设有用于供U型锁环的两端分别穿设的锁孔，并且在U型锁环上开设有用于供锁芯进行锁定的锁槽，从而利用锁芯来实现对U型锁环的双边锁紧效果。
然而，无论是哪一种锁芯，其都存在一定的弊端：如机械式锁芯只能在钥匙的配合下才能够动作，一旦钥匙丢失就只能强制破拆锁具；而电控式锁芯在发生诸如马达故障、零部件损坏等问题时也会造成锁具无法继续使用。
而采用现有锁芯的U型锁虽然可以调节U型锁环的长度，但也会增加锁芯结构的复杂性并降低锁具的防盗及防破拆性能；另外，现有的U型锁还普遍存在开锁及闭锁方式单一等缺陷。
针对上述现有技术存在的不足，本发明的一个目的在于提供一种手/自动锁芯结构；本发明的另一个目的在于提供一种基于前述锁芯结构所形成的手/自动U型锁。
为了实现上述目的，本发明采用的第一个技术方案为：
一种手/自动锁芯结构，它包括
一锁芯腔壳，所述锁芯腔壳内沿水平方向开设有顺序贯通的动力腔室、调节腔室和锁闩腔室，所述锁芯腔壳内还开设有一沿竖直方向分布并与锁闩腔室相贯通的锁孔腔室；
一电控驱动器，所述电控驱动器封装于锁芯腔壳内；
一动力转换轴，所述动力转换轴装设于动力腔室内，所述动力转换轴的头端与电控驱动器的动力输出端相连以将电控驱动器输出的动力沿水平方向作转换输出；
一弹性锁闩，所述弹性锁闩装设于锁闩腔室内；所述弹性锁闩处于解压状态下时，所述弹性锁闩的末端位于锁闩腔室内；所述弹性锁闩处于施压状态下时，所述弹性锁闩的末端位于锁孔腔室内；
一钥匙解锁器，所述钥匙解锁器装设于调节腔室内并可相对于调节腔室的水平面作旋转运动，且所述钥匙解锁器夹持于动力转换轴的末端与弹性锁闩的头端之间。
优选地，所述锁芯腔壳内还设置有一与动力腔室同轴分布并与动力腔室相贯通的装配腔室，所述电控驱动器为一装设于装配腔室内的驱动马达；
所述动力转换轴包括一头端部贯穿于动力腔室的头端口分布的旋转螺杆和一主体装设于动力腔室内并螺纹套装于旋转螺杆的末端部上的平移螺套，所述平移螺套的末端与钥匙解锁器相抵，所述旋转螺杆的头端连接于驱动马达的动力输出轴上，且所述旋转螺杆的头端部形成有一与动力腔室的头端口的内端面相抵的限位环。
优选地，所述钥匙解锁器包括一装设于调节腔室内并夹持于动力转换轴的末端与弹性锁闩的头端之间的旋转块以及一沿竖直方向穿设于锁芯腔壳内的钥匙锁轴，所述旋转块为一条形块状结构体，所述旋转块上开设有一调节定位口，所述钥匙锁轴的顶端部贯穿于调节定位口分布，且所述钥匙锁轴带动旋转块在调节腔室内相对于调节腔室的水平面作旋转运动。
优选地，所述弹性锁闩包括一锁舌杆部、一形成于锁舌杆部的头端的限位环部、一形成于限位环部的头端侧并与钥匙解锁器相抵的抵压杆部以及一套装于锁舌杆部并位于锁闩腔室内的复位弹簧；所述弹性锁闩处于解压状态下时，所述锁舌杆部的末端位于锁闩腔室内；所述弹性锁闩处于施压状态下时，所述锁舌杆部的末端位于锁孔腔室内。
优选地，所述锁芯腔壳上还装设有一与电控驱动器相连接的电控驱动板以及分别与电控驱动板电连接的信号识别器、储能电池和闭锁开关，所述闭锁开关位于锁孔腔室的底端。
优选地，所述信号识别器为嵌装于锁芯腔壳的侧壁上的指纹识别器或内置于锁芯腔壳的无线通信模块。
本发明采用的第二个技术方案为：
一种手/自动U型锁，它包括一U型锁环、一锁闸以及封装于锁闸内的锁芯；所述锁芯采用上述的一种手/自动锁芯结构，所述锁闸在水平方向的两端分别开设有一用于供U型锁环的两端分别对位插套的第一锁孔和第二锁孔，且所述第一锁孔与锁孔腔室同轴分布并与锁孔腔室相连通。
优选地，所述U型锁环的一端作弧形弯折后形成有一弧弯固定轴、另一端形成有一通过第一锁孔穿设于锁孔腔室内的定位锁轴，所述定位锁轴的周壁上且与锁闩腔室的末端口相对位的位置开设有用于供弹性锁闩的末端对位卡合的锁槽；所述第二锁孔为一与弧弯固定轴的形状及走向相吻合的轴孔结构。
优选地，所述锁闸包括一与锁芯腔壳同轴分布的固定锁柱、一将固定锁柱与锁芯腔壳包覆为一体的内管套、一包覆于内管套的外侧的外壁套，所述第二锁孔开设于固定锁柱上，所述第一锁孔沿内管套的径向方向贯穿于内管套和外壁套开设，且所述固定锁柱与内管套之间以及锁芯腔壳与内管套之间还设置有密封圈。
由于采用了上述方案，本发明通过设置的电控驱动器和钥匙解锁器，在动力转换轴与弹性锁闩的配合下可实现整个锁芯以及基于此锁芯结构所形成的U型锁的手动或自动上锁与解锁功能，极大地保证了锁芯及锁具使用方式的多样性以及使用的安全性；锁芯及U型锁的结构简单紧凑、操作及使用方便多样、安全性高，具有很强的实用价值和市场推广价值。
图1是本发明实施例的锁芯的截面结构示意图；
图2是本发明实施例的锁芯腔壳的截面结构示意图；
图3是本发明实施例的锁芯的结构分解示意图；
图4是本发明实施例的U型锁的截面结构示意图；
图5是本发明实施例的U型锁的结构分解示意图；
图6是本发明实施例的U型锁的结构装配示意图；
图中：
10、锁芯腔壳；11、上瓣壳；12、下瓣壳；13、端瓣壳；a、动力腔室；b、调节腔室；c、锁闩腔室；d、锁孔腔室；e、装配腔室；
20、电控驱动器；30、动力转换轴；31、旋转螺杆；32、平移螺套；33、限位环；
40、弹性锁闩；41、锁舌杆部；42、限位环部；43、抵压杆部；44、复位弹簧；
50、钥匙解锁器；51、旋转块；52、钥匙锁轴；53、调节定位口；
60、电控驱动板；61、信号识别器；62、储能电池；63、闭锁开关；
70、U型锁环；71、弧弯固定轴；72、定位锁轴；73、锁槽；
80、锁闸；81、第一锁孔；82、第二锁孔；83、固定锁柱；84、内管套；85、外壁套；86、密封圈。
以下结合附图对本发明的实施例进行详细说明，但是本发明可以由权利要求限定和覆盖的多种不同方式实施。
如图1至图3并结合图4至图6所示，本实施例提供的一种手/自动锁芯结构，它包括：
一锁芯腔壳10，其主要用于封装锁芯的内部组成部件，并且其可根据具体情况采用一体式或分体式的中空壳体结构，也可采用如图3所示的由上瓣壳11、下瓣壳12以及端瓣壳13作拼装后所形成的分体式中空壳体结构；在锁芯腔壳10内沿水平方向开设（也可理解为是划分或分隔）有顺序贯通的动力腔室a、调节腔室b和锁闩腔室c，同时，在锁芯腔壳10内还开设（也可理解为是划分或分隔）有一沿竖直方向分布并与锁闩腔室c相贯通的锁孔腔室d；
一电控驱动器20，其主要用于为锁芯的移动部件提供动力，其可根据锁芯腔壳10的具体结构或者其本身的结构形式封装于锁芯腔壳10内；
一动力转换轴30，其主要用于将电控驱动器20所输出的动力沿水平方向作转换输出，以便使装设于调节腔室b和锁闩腔室c内的部件进行联动，其装设于动力腔室a内，并且其头端与电控驱动器20的动力输出端相连；
一弹性锁闩40，其装设于锁闩腔室c内，以在其处于解压状态下（即：未受到水平方向的挤压力的情况下）时，弹性锁闩40的末端位于锁闩腔室c内；而在处于施压状态下（即：受到水平方向的挤压力的情况下）时，弹性锁闩40的末端则由锁闩腔室c的末端口伸出并最终位于锁孔腔室d内；
一钥匙解锁器50，其主要是用于与钥匙进行配合以便于通过钥匙来带动起进行旋转，从而实现对弹性锁闩40的施压或解压效果，其装设于调节腔室b内并可相对于调节腔室b的水平面作旋转运动，并且钥匙解锁器50夹持于动力转换轴30的末端与弹性锁闩40的头端之间。
基于此，通过设置的电控驱动器20和钥匙解锁器50可实现整个锁芯的手动或自动上锁与解锁功能，具体为：
1、通过对电动驱动器20的控制使其输出动力并在动力转换轴30的作用下将动力的输出方向转换为水平方向（即相当于利用电动驱动器20驱动动力转换轴30在水平方向进行移动），当动力转换轴30朝弹性锁闩40所在的方向进行移动时，可通过钥匙解锁器50来推动弹性锁闩40（即：对弹性锁闩40进行施压），从而使得弹性锁闩40的末端由锁闩腔室c伸出至锁孔腔室d内以完成自动上锁；反之，当电控驱动器20带动动力转换轴30反方向移动时则可接触对弹性锁闩40的推力或压力，从而使得弹性锁闩40自动复位，弹性锁闩40的末端回到锁闩腔室c内以完成自动解锁。
通过钥匙解锁器50的结构设计（如形状的变化），用户可通过钥匙来旋转钥匙解锁器50，由于钥匙解锁器50是夹持于动力转换轴30与弹性锁闩40之间的，动力转换轴30相当于一个固定的部件、弹性锁闩40相当于一个活动部件，在钥匙解锁器50旋转的过程中，由于其形状结构的变化会改变其边壁与弹性锁闩40的头端之间的距离，从而实现对弹性锁闩的施压或解压功能，进而完成锁芯的手动上锁或手动解锁。
为优化整个锁芯的自动上锁或解锁的结构及功能，在锁芯腔壳10内还设置有一与动力腔室a同轴分布并与动力腔室a相贯通的装配腔室e，电控驱动器20优选为一装设于装配腔室e内的驱动马达；而动力转换轴30则包括一头端部贯穿于动力腔室a的头端口分布的旋转螺杆31和一主体装设于动力腔室a内并螺纹套装于旋转螺杆31的末端部上的平移螺套32；其中，平移螺套32的末端与钥匙解锁器50的周壁相抵，而旋转螺杆31的头端则连接于驱动马达的动力输出轴上，并且在旋转螺杆31的头端部形成有一与动力腔室a的头端口的内端面相抵的限位环33。由此，由于驱动马达所输出的动力是旋转式的动力，此时利用旋转螺杆31与平移螺套32的配合则可将驱动马达输出的动力转换为水平方向的动力，由于限位环33的作用以及旋转螺杆31是固定于驱动马达的输出轴上的，故旋转螺杆31只能在动力腔室a内进行转动，此时即可带动平移螺套32在动力腔室a内进行水平移动以对钥匙解锁器50施加推力或者解除压力，从而完成锁芯的自动上锁或解锁功能。当然，本实施例的电动驱动器40也可根据实际情况采用电动液压器，而动力转换轴30则可采用液压推杆，从而使得电动驱动器40能够直接沿水平方向输出动力。
为保证用户能够进行手动上锁或解锁，同时最大限度地优化锁芯的结构，本实施例的钥匙解锁器50包括一装设于调节腔室b内并夹持于动力转换轴30的末端（具体为平移螺套32的末端）与弹性锁闩40的头端之间的旋转块51以及一沿竖直方向穿设于锁芯腔壳10内以供钥匙插入并与钥匙进行配合的钥匙锁轴52；其中，旋转块51为一条形块状结构体（如类长方体结构、类椭圆形结构等等非等边或非等距的几何形状结构体），同时，在旋转块51上开设有一调节定位口53（其形状优化为条形），而钥匙锁轴52的顶端部则贯穿于调节定位口53分布，并且钥匙锁轴52能够带动旋转块51在调节腔室b内相对于调节腔室b的水平面作旋转运动。由此，可利用钥匙锁轴52作为旋转块51的驱动转轴来使用，当用户将钥匙插入到钥匙锁轴52内后即可带动旋转块51进行转动，从而利用旋转块51的形状方位变化来改变其与弹性锁闩40之间的距离，进而形成对弹性锁闩40的施压或解压；而利用调节定位口53则可钥匙锁轴52未被操作的情况下，使得旋转块51在电控驱动器20及动力转换轴30的作用下相对于钥匙锁轴50朝弹性锁闩40所在的方向进行水平移动以形成对弹性锁闩40的施压或者在弹性锁闩40的弹力作用下相对于钥匙锁轴50朝动力转换轴30所在的方向进行水平移动以形成对弹性锁闩40的解压。
为优化弹性锁闩40的结构，保证其具有足够的自动复位效果，本实施例的弹性锁闩40包括一锁舌杆部41、一形成于锁舌杆部41的头端的限位环部42、一形成于限位环部42的头端侧并与钥匙解锁器50相抵的抵压杆部43以及一套装于锁舌杆部41并位于锁闩腔室c内的复位弹簧44；当弹性锁闩40整体处于解压状态下时，由于复位弹簧44在锁闩腔室c内会进行弹力释放，使得锁舌杆部41、限位环部42和抵压杆部43会同步朝钥匙解锁器50所在的方向进行移动，进而使得锁舌杆部41的末端位于或回缩至锁闩腔室c内以完成解锁；反之，当弹性锁闩40的整体处于施压状态下时，锁舌杆部41、限位环部42和抵压杆部43会同步朝锁孔腔室d的方向进行移动，使得复位弹簧44在锁闩腔室c内被压缩，而锁舌杆部41的末端则位于或伸入锁孔腔室d内，从而完成上锁。
为最大限度地优化整个锁芯的实用功能，在锁芯腔壳10上还装设有一与电控驱动器20相连接的电控驱动板60以及分别与电控驱动板60电连接的信号识别器61、储能电池62和闭锁开关63，其中，闭锁开关63位于锁孔腔室d的底端。由此，可利用信号识别器61来识别上锁或解锁信号，一旦信号被电控驱动板60验证成功后即可控制电控驱动器40输出相应的动力，从而进行上锁或解锁，而利用闭锁开关63也可实现自动上锁或解锁动作，如与锁芯相配合的锁环或锁头等抵压住或者脱离闭锁开关63时，电控驱动板60即可根据闭锁开关63的通/断信号来控制电控驱动器50输出相应的动力以实现上锁或解锁；而储能电池62则可为整个锁芯的用电部件提供电能保障。
作为优选方案，本实施例的信号识别器61可根据具体情况采用嵌装于锁芯腔壳10的侧壁上的指纹识别器或内置于锁芯腔壳10的无线通信模块（如wifi模块或蓝牙模块等等）；以此，用户可通过指纹识别器录入指纹信息并在电控驱动板60对指纹信息验证成功后进行解锁或上锁，也可以利用诸如手机等移动通信设备通过信息匹配及通信技术来实现对锁芯的自动解锁及上锁功能。当然，本实施例的信号识别器61也可采用诸如射频模块等其他验证或信号识别装置。
基于上述的锁芯结构，为解决现有的U型锁所存在的缺陷，如图4至图6并结合图1至图3所示，本实施例还提供了一种手/自动U型锁，它包括一U型锁环70、一锁闸80以及封装于锁闸80内的锁芯；其中，锁芯采用上述的一种手/自动锁芯结构，锁闸80在水平方向的两端分别开设有一用于供U型锁环70的两端分别对位插套的第一锁孔81和第二锁孔82，并且第一锁孔81与锁孔腔室d同轴分布并与锁孔腔室d相连通。由此，在将U型锁环70的两端对位插套于相应的锁孔内后，通过对锁芯的控制即可将U型锁环70锁定在锁闸80上，由于其具有手动和自动上锁及解锁功能，极大地保证了用户使用U型锁时的多样性以及安全性。
为避免U型锁环70被不法人员强制地从锁闸80内拔出，同时为最大限度地降低整个锁具的结构复杂性，本实施例的U型锁环70的一端作弧形弯折后形成有一弧弯固定轴71、另一端则形成有一通过第一锁孔81穿设于锁孔腔室d内的定位锁轴72，在定位锁轴72的周壁上且与锁闩腔室c的末端口相对位的位置开设有用于供弹性锁闩40的末端对位卡合的锁槽73；而第二锁孔82则为一与弧弯固定轴71的形状及走向相吻合的轴孔结构。由此，定位锁轴72被弹性锁闩40卡合锁定后，利用弧弯固定轴71与第二锁孔82的配合可为U型锁环70未被锁定的一端提供牢固的插套结构空间，从而相当于形成了U型锁的双边锁紧效果。
另外，为最大限度地增强整个U型锁的结构密封性，保证锁芯组成部件的防水防尘性能，本实施例的锁闸80包括一与锁芯腔壳10同轴分布的固定锁柱83、一将固定锁柱83与锁芯腔壳10包覆为一体的内管套84、一包覆于内管套84的外侧的外壁套85，其中，第二锁孔82开设于固定锁柱83上，第一锁孔81沿内管套84的径向方向贯穿于内管套84和外壁套85开设，在固定锁柱83与内管套84之间以及锁芯腔壳10与内管套84之间还设置有密封圈86。
基于此，通过对传统锁芯的结构改进以及对组成部件之间的结构融合，可使得整个锁芯集传统的机械锁芯功能与电控锁芯功能于一体，一旦锁芯出现电控部件故障，用户即可利用钥匙进行开锁；而出现钥匙丢失时，用户则可以电控的方式进行开锁，从而极大地保证了锁芯使用的多样性和安全性。
以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例，并非因此限制本发明的专利范围，凡是利用本发明说明书及附图内容所作的等效结构或等效流程变换，或直接或间接运用在其他相关的技术领域，均同理包括在本发明的专利保护范围内。
Claims (9)
- 一种手/自动锁芯结构，其特征在于：它包括一锁芯腔壳，所述锁芯腔壳内沿水平方向开设有顺序贯通的动力腔室、调节腔室和锁闩腔室，所述锁芯腔壳内还开设有一沿竖直方向分布并与锁闩腔室相贯通的锁孔腔室；一电控驱动器，所述电控驱动器封装于锁芯腔壳内；一动力转换轴，所述动力转换轴装设于动力腔室内，所述动力转换轴的头端与电控驱动器的动力输出端相连以将电控驱动器输出的动力沿水平方向作转换输出；一弹性锁闩，所述弹性锁闩装设于锁闩腔室内；所述弹性锁闩处于解压状态下时，所述弹性锁闩的末端位于锁闩腔室内；所述弹性锁闩处于施压状态下时，所述弹性锁闩的末端位于锁孔腔室内；一钥匙解锁器，所述钥匙解锁器装设于调节腔室内并可相对于调节腔室的水平面作旋转运动，且所述钥匙解锁器夹持于动力转换轴的末端与弹性锁闩的头端之间。
- 如权利要求1所述的一种手/自动锁芯结构，其特征在于：所述锁芯腔壳内还设置有一与动力腔室同轴分布并与动力腔室相贯通的装配腔室，所述电控驱动器为一装设于装配腔室内的驱动马达；所述动力转换轴包括一头端部贯穿于动力腔室的头端口分布的旋转螺杆和一主体装设于动力腔室内并螺纹套装于旋转螺杆的末端部上的平移螺套，所述平移螺套的末端与钥匙解锁器相抵，所述旋转螺杆的头端连接于驱动马达的动力输出轴上，且所述旋转螺杆的头端部形成有一与动力腔室的头端口的内端面相抵的限位环。
- 如权利要求1所述的一种手/自动锁芯结构，其特征在于：所述钥匙解锁器包括一装设于调节腔室内并夹持于动力转换轴的末端与弹性锁闩的头端之间的旋转块以及一沿竖直方向穿设于锁芯腔壳内的钥匙锁轴，所述旋转块为一条形块状结构体，所述旋转块上开设有一调节定位口，所述钥匙锁轴的顶端部贯穿于调节定位口分布，且所述钥匙锁轴带动旋转块在调节腔室内相对于调节腔室的水平面作旋转运动。
- 如权利要求1所述的一种手/自动锁芯结构，其特征在于：所述弹性锁闩包括一锁舌杆部、一形成于锁舌杆部的头端的限位环部、一形成于限位环部的头端侧并与钥匙解锁器相抵的抵压杆部以及一套装于锁舌杆部并位于锁闩腔室内的复位弹簧；所述弹性锁闩处于解压状态下时，所述锁舌杆部的末端位于锁闩腔室内；所述弹性锁闩处于施压状态下时，所述锁舌杆部的末端位于锁孔腔室内。
- 如权利要求1所述的一种手/自动锁芯结构，其特征在于：所述锁芯腔壳上还装设有一与电控驱动器相连接的电控驱动板以及分别与电控驱动板电连接的信号识别器、储能电池和闭锁开关，所述闭锁开关位于锁孔腔室的底端。
- 如权利要求5所述的一种手/自动锁芯结构，其特征在于：所述信号识别器为嵌装于锁芯腔壳的侧壁上的指纹识别器或内置于锁芯腔壳的无线通信模块。
- 一种手/自动U型锁，它包括一U型锁环、一锁闸以及封装于锁闸内的锁芯；其特征在于：所述锁芯采用如权利要求1-6中任一项所述的一种手/自动锁芯结构，所述锁闸在水平方向的两端分别开设有一用于供U型锁环的两端分别对位插套的第一锁孔和第二锁孔，且所述第一锁孔与锁孔腔室同轴分布并与锁孔腔室相连通。
- 如权利要求7所述的一种手/自动U型锁，其特征在于：所述U型锁环的一端作弧形弯折后形成有一弧弯固定轴、另一端形成有一通过第一锁孔穿设于锁孔腔室内的定位锁轴，所述定位锁轴的周壁上且与锁闩腔室的末端口相对位的位置开设有用于供弹性锁闩的末端对位卡合的锁槽；所述第二锁孔为一与弧弯固定轴的形状及走向相吻合的轴孔结构。
- 如权利要求7所述的一种手/自动U型锁，其特征在于：所述锁闸包括一与锁芯腔壳同轴分布的固定锁柱、一将固定锁柱与锁芯腔壳包覆为一体的内管套、一包覆于内管套的外侧的外壁套，所述第二锁孔开设于固定锁柱上，所述第一锁孔沿内管套的径向方向贯穿于内管套和外壁套开设，且所述固定锁柱与内管套之间以及锁芯腔壳与内管套之间还设置有密封圈。
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| PCT/CN2018/089255 WO2019227391A1 (zh) | 2018-05-31 | 2018-05-31 | 一种手/自动锁芯结构及手/自动u型锁 |
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| US6526787B2 (en) * | 2001-04-09 | 2003-03-04 | Summit Automation Co. Ltd. | Door lock device provided with means to drive coaxially lock bolt and lock tongue |
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