WO2019218168A1 - 天线系统和终端设备 - Google Patents

天线系统和终端设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019218168A1
WO2019218168A1 PCT/CN2018/086932 CN2018086932W WO2019218168A1 WO 2019218168 A1 WO2019218168 A1 WO 2019218168A1 CN 2018086932 W CN2018086932 W CN 2018086932W WO 2019218168 A1 WO2019218168 A1 WO 2019218168A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
radiator
point
antenna
antenna system
grounding point
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2018/086932
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王汉阳
王磊
王岩
尤佳庆
余冬
薛亮
李建铭
Original Assignee
华为技术有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to PCT/CN2018/086932 priority Critical patent/WO2019218168A1/zh
Priority to KR1020207033387A priority patent/KR102455333B1/ko
Priority to EP18919019.2A priority patent/EP3780270B1/en
Priority to CN201880046752.8A priority patent/CN110892581B/zh
Priority to BR112020023108-8A priority patent/BR112020023108A2/pt
Priority to JP2020558484A priority patent/JP7103556B2/ja
Priority to US17/055,396 priority patent/US11735809B2/en
Priority to CA3098483A priority patent/CA3098483C/en
Priority to AU2018423290A priority patent/AU2018423290B2/en
Publication of WO2019218168A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019218168A1/zh
Priority to JP2022076029A priority patent/JP7243966B2/ja

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
    • H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
    • H01Q1/242—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for hand-held use
    • H01Q1/243—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for hand-held use with built-in antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/44—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas using equipment having another main function to serve additionally as an antenna, e.g. means for giving an antenna an aesthetic aspect
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/48—Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/28—Combinations of substantially independent non-interacting antenna units or systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/30—Arrangements for providing operation on different wavebands
    • H01Q5/307—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way
    • H01Q5/342—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way for different propagation modes
    • H01Q5/35—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way for different propagation modes using two or more simultaneously fed points
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/30—Arrangements for providing operation on different wavebands
    • H01Q5/378—Combination of fed elements with parasitic elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/30—Resonant antennas with feed to end of elongated active element, e.g. unipole
    • H01Q9/42—Resonant antennas with feed to end of elongated active element, e.g. unipole with folded element, the folded parts being spaced apart a small fraction of the operating wavelength

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of antenna technologies, and in particular, to an antenna system and a terminal device.
  • CA Carrier aggregation
  • MIMO multiple input multiple output
  • the new radio (NR) frequency band is added, that is, the N77, N78, and N79 contain the high frequency portion of the 3.3G-5G, which requires the antenna of the mobile phone to support a higher frequency band.
  • NR new radio
  • the embodiment of the present application provides an antenna system and a terminal device, which are used to implement a low frequency dual CA and support an NR frequency band.
  • an antenna system including: a first feed point, a first ground point, a second feed point, a second ground point, a third ground point, a fourth ground point, a first radiator, The second radiator, the first resonant structure, and the second resonant structure, the first grounding point, the second grounding point, the third grounding point, and the fourth grounding point are located on the ground of the main board.
  • the first feed point is connected to the first radiator, the first feed point is for delivering the high frequency signal and the first low frequency signal to the first radiator;
  • the second feed point is connected to the second radiator, the second feed a point for transmitting an intermediate frequency signal and a second low frequency signal to the second radiator;
  • the first radiator is connected to the first ground point, and the second radiator is connected to the second ground point; wherein the frequency of the second low frequency signal is greater than the first The frequency of the low frequency signal.
  • the first resonant structure is at a distance from the first radiator and electromagnetically coupled to the first radiator
  • the second resonant structure is at a distance from the second radiator and electromagnetically coupled to the second radiator
  • the first resonant structure is connected to the third grounding point
  • the second resonant structure is coupled to the fourth ground point.
  • the antenna system provided by the present application is a doubly-fed antenna.
  • the resonant structure allows a single antenna to cover the low frequency, and the dual-antenna resonant structure can realize the low-frequency dual CA, and the two antenna radiators can cover the long term evolution (LTE).
  • LTE long term evolution
  • the frequency band is implemented to support low frequency dual CA.
  • the high frequency signal includes a new air interface NR band. This embodiment enables the antenna system to support the NR band.
  • the first radiator includes a first portion of the lower frame of the terminal device, and the second radiator includes a second portion of the lower frame of the terminal device, the first portion and the second portion are not insulated; a resonant structure includes part or all of the side frames of the terminal device on the first radiator side and is not insulated from the first portion; the second resonant structure includes part or all of the side frames of the terminal device on the second radiator side, and There is no insulation setting with the second part.
  • the design makes the frame of the terminal device act as a radiator and a resonant structure of the antenna system, saving space inside the terminal device.
  • the terminal device further includes a screen metal panel.
  • D the distance between the lower frame and the screen metal panel
  • S the distance between the side frame and the screen metal panel
  • the distance between the lower frame or the side frame and the screen metal panel is H
  • H is less than a third threshold in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the terminal device.
  • H is greater than zero. This embodiment can guarantee a certain antenna clearance area.
  • the antenna system further includes a fifth grounding point, the fifth grounding point is located on the ground of the main board, the first resonant structure is connected to the fifth grounding point by the first device; and/or the antenna system further includes a sixth a grounding point, the sixth grounding point is located on the ground of the main board, and the second resonant structure is connected to the sixth grounding point by the second device; wherein the first device or the second device comprises at least one of the following devices: a filter, a switch, and a zero Ohmic resistance, capacitance, inductance. Different effects can be achieved depending on the first device or the second device.
  • the corresponding radiator can be a single low frequency. If the first device or the second device is a closed switch, a zero ohm resistor, a capacitor, the corresponding radiator can be a single high frequency.
  • the first feed point is connected to the first radiator through the third device; and/or the second feed point is connected to the second radiator through the fourth device; wherein the third device or The fourth device includes at least one of the following: a matching network, a tunable capacitor, a switch.
  • a matching network a tunable capacitor
  • a switch a switch, when the switch is turned off, the corresponding radiator is passive and acts as a resonant structure of the contralateral radiator, thereby improving the efficiency of the contralateral radiator.
  • the first feed point, the first ground point, and the first radiator form an inverted F antenna or a composite left and right hand structure transmission line CRLH antenna.
  • the second feed point, the second ground point, and the second radiator form an inverted F antenna or a CRLH antenna.
  • This embodiment provides a possible implementation of the first antenna and the second antenna.
  • a terminal device comprising the antenna system of the first aspect and any of the embodiments.
  • the technical effects of this part refer to the technical effects of the first aspect and any of its embodiments.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram 1 of an antenna system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram 2 of an antenna system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram 3 of an antenna system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram 4 of an antenna system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram 5 of an antenna system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram 1 of an antenna clearance area of an antenna system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 7 is a second schematic diagram of an antenna clearance area of an antenna system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram 1 of return loss of an antenna system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram 1 of an antenna efficiency of an antenna system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 10 is a second schematic diagram of return loss of an antenna system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 11 is a second schematic diagram of antenna efficiency of an antenna system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the present application provides an antenna system including: a first feeding point 101, a first grounding point 102, a second feeding point 103, a second grounding point 104, and a third grounding point. 105.
  • the first grounding point 102, the second grounding point 103, the third grounding point 104, and the fourth grounding point 105 are located on the ground of the main board.
  • “Main board ground” refers to the ground plane where the RF device is located or the printed circuit board (PCB).
  • the first feed point 101 is connected to the first radiator 107, the first feed point 101 is for delivering the high frequency signal and the first low frequency signal to the first radiator 107; the second feed point 103 is connected to the second radiator 108.
  • the second feed point 103 is for transmitting the intermediate frequency signal and the second low frequency signal to the second radiator 108; the first radiator 107 is connected to the first ground point 102, and the second radiator 108 is connected to the second ground point 104.
  • the frequency of the second low frequency signal is greater than the frequency of the first low frequency signal.
  • the frequency of the first low frequency signal may include 700-N MHz
  • the frequency of the second low frequency signal may include N-960 MHz, where N represents a certain frequency between 700-960 MHz.
  • the frequency of the intermediate frequency signal may include 1710-2400 MHz, and the frequency of the high frequency signal may include 2500-2690 MHz, that is, the high frequency signal includes the NR band.
  • the specific frequency of the high, medium, and low frequency signals is not limited. As long as the frequency of the high frequency signal is higher than the frequency of the intermediate frequency signal, the frequency of the intermediate frequency signal may be higher than the frequency of the low frequency signal.
  • the first resonant structure 109 is at a distance from the first radiator 107 and electromagnetically coupled to the first radiator 107.
  • the second resonant structure 110 is at a distance from the second radiator 108 and electromagnetically coupled to the second radiator 108; the first resonant structure 109 is connected to the third ground point 105, and the second resonant structure 110 is connected to the fourth ground point 106.
  • the first resonating structure 109 and the first radiator 107 are used as a first antenna, and the second resonating structure 110 and the second radiator 108 are used as a second antenna.
  • the first radiator 107 of the first antenna or the second radiator 108 of the second antenna are all monopoles, the resonance bandwidth is narrow and concentrated in the high frequency or intermediate frequency, and the respective resonant structures are coupled by the coupling to the resonance.
  • the low frequency resonance is generated structurally so that both the first antenna and the second antenna can cover the low frequency, that is, the first antenna and the second antenna can support the low frequency double CA.
  • the present application does not limit the antenna form formed by the first feed point 101, the first ground point 102, and the first radiator 107, nor the second feed point 103, the second ground point 104, and the second radiator 108.
  • the form of the antenna may constitute an inverted F (IFA) antenna, a composite right/left-handed transmission lines (CRLH) antenna. Or other forms of antenna; and/or, the second feed point 103, the second ground point 104, and the second radiator 108 may also constitute an IFA antenna, a CRLH antenna, or other form of antenna.
  • IFA inverted F
  • CRLH composite right/left-handed transmission lines
  • the first feed point 101, the first ground point 102, and the first radiator 107 constitute an inverted F antenna, a second feed point 103, a second ground point 104, and a second radiation
  • the device 108 constitutes an inverted F antenna; as shown in FIG. 2, the first feeding point 101, the first grounding point 102 and the first radiator 107 constitute an inverted F antenna, a second feeding point 103, a second grounding point 104 and The second radiator 108 constitutes a CRLH antenna.
  • the antenna system may further include a fifth grounding point 111 connected to the main board ground, and the first resonant structure 109 is connected to the fifth grounding point 111 through the first device 112. And/or, optionally, the antenna system may further include a sixth grounding point 113 connected to the main board ground, and the second resonant structure 110 being connected to the sixth grounding point 113 by the second device 114.
  • the first device 112 or the second device 114 includes at least one of the following devices: a filter, a switch, a zero ohm resistor, a capacitor, and an inductor.
  • the following describes the function of the second device 114 for the antenna system as an example. It can be understood that the first device 112 has the same effect on the antenna system, and details are not described herein again.
  • the second resonant structure 110 can generate a new low frequency resonance to cover more The low frequency band thus achieves a low frequency dual CA. If the second device 114 is a switch, when the switch is closed, the second radiator 108 is in a single high frequency state, and when the switch is turned off, the second radiator 108 is in a single low frequency state, and is not affected by the filter. higher efficiency. If the second device 114 is a zero ohmic resistor, a small capacitor, or a small inductor, the second radiator 108 is a single high frequency.
  • the first feed point 101 may be connected to the first radiator 107 through the third device 115; and/or, optionally, the second feed point 103 may pass through the fourth device.
  • 116 is coupled to the second radiator 108.
  • the third device 115 or the fourth device 116 includes at least one of the following devices: a matching network, a tunable capacitor, and a switch. The following describes the role of the matching network, adjustable capacitors, and switches on the antenna system:
  • the transmission electrical characteristics (impedance characteristics, etc.) of the transmitter or the forwarding device match each other. It can minimize the loss and distortion of radio signal transmission. Therefore, a network that is consistent with the electrical characteristics of the antenna is called a matching network.
  • the quality of the matching network directly affects the standing wave ratio (SWR) of the antenna and the efficiency of the squall line.
  • a matching network or tunable capacitor connected between the feed point and the radiator can be used to improve the impedance characteristics of the antenna and increase the output power of the antenna.
  • the switch connected between the feeding point and the radiator When the switch connected between the feeding point and the radiator is closed, it is consistent with the contents described in FIG. 1 to FIG. 3, and details are not described herein again.
  • the corresponding radiator When the switch connected between the feed point and the radiator is disconnected, the corresponding radiator is passive.
  • the switch between the second feed point 103 and the second radiator 108 is turned off, the second radiator 108 is in an passive state (ie, not in the CA state), and the second radiator 108 and the second resonant structure 110 become The resonant structure of the first radiator 107 can increase the efficiency of the first radiator 107; or, if the switch between the first feed point 101 and the first radiator 107 is disconnected, the first radiator 107 is passive.
  • the first radiator 107 and the first resonating structure 109 become the resonating structure of the second radiator 108, and the efficiency of the second radiator 108 can be improved.
  • the length of the resonant structure can be shortened, so that the antenna bandwidth is narrowed, thereby ensuring single-band performance.
  • the above antenna system is installed in the upper part of the terminal device such as a mobile phone, the head of the person is close to the upper part of the terminal device when the call is made, the specific absorption rate (SAR) of the entire antenna system is too high, and the antenna system is lowered. Efficiency, so it is preferable to mount the antenna system to the lower part of the terminal device.
  • SAR is the electromagnetic wave energy absorption ratio of mobile phones or wireless products. Since all kinds of organs in the human body are consumption media, under the action of external electromagnetic field, the electromagnetic field will be generated in the human body, and the induced electromagnetic field will generate current, absorb and dissipate electromagnetic. energy.
  • the frame of the terminal device may be designed as the first radiator 107, the second radiator 108, the first resonant structure 109, The second resonant structure 110.
  • the lower frame of the terminal device can be designed as a first radiator 107 and a second radiator 108
  • the side frame of the terminal device is designed as a first resonant structure 109 and a second resonant structure 110.
  • the first radiator 107 may include a first portion of the lower frame of the terminal device
  • the second radiator 108 may include a second portion of the lower frame of the terminal device, the first portion and the second portion being uninsulated.
  • the first resonating structure 109 may include some or all of the side frames of the terminal device on the side of the first radiator 107 and is not insulated from the first portion.
  • the second resonating structure 110 may include some or all of the side frames of the terminal device on the side of the second radiator 108 and is not insulated from the second portion.
  • a slot between the radiator and the radiator or between the radiator and the resonant structure which may be filled with a non-metallic substance or other device that is in non-electrical contact with the radiator or the resonant structure, for example, a universal serial Universal serial bus (USB) interface.
  • a non-metallic substance or other device that is in non-electrical contact with the radiator or the resonant structure, for example, a universal serial Universal serial bus (USB) interface.
  • USB universal serial Universal serial bus
  • the first resonant structure 109 and/or the second resonant structure 110 may also include a portion of the lower frame of the terminal device, respectively.
  • the first radiator 107 and/or the second radiator 108 may also include a portion of the terminal side frame, respectively.
  • the antenna clearance area can be very small.
  • the antenna clearance area refers to the size of the antenna area that is not grounded, because the antenna vibrator is too close to the ground to increase the capacitance to the ground and affect the antenna matching.
  • a screen metal panel 117 in the casing.
  • D the distance between the lower frame and the screen metal panel 117
  • D the distance between the frame and the screen metal panel 117
  • S the distance between the frame and the screen metal panel 117
  • D is smaller than the first threshold
  • S is smaller than the second threshold
  • D and S may be less than or equal to 3 mm, or even a negative value.
  • the bottom frame or the side frame of the terminal device may have a certain distance H from the screen metal panel 117, wherein H is less than a third threshold. If D or H is less than or equal to 0, H may be greater than 0. If both D and H are greater than 0, H may be less than or equal to 0 or greater than 0.
  • the distance H can guarantee a certain antenna clearance area.
  • the size of the D, S, and H values is not limited in this application.
  • Return loss also known as reflection loss
  • a frequency with a return loss of less than -3 dB is the available frequency. It can be seen that the first antenna is available at frequencies around 2.5 GHz, 4.5 GHz, and N-900 MHz, and the second antenna is available at frequencies near 700-N MHz and 1.8 GHz.
  • Antenna efficiency refers to the ratio of the power radiated by the antenna (ie, the power that effectively converts the electromagnetic wave portion) to the active power input to the antenna.
  • the switch between the first feed point 101 and the first radiator 107 is broken, so that the first radiator 107 and the first resonance structure 109 become the resonance structure of the second radiator 108.
  • the fourth device 116 is a matching network and the return loss when the matching network is a different inductor is as shown in FIG.
  • the curve (1) is the return loss in the CA state
  • the curve (2) is the return loss in the non-CA state when the fourth device 116 is 14 nH inductance
  • the curve (3) is when the fourth device 116 is the 16 nH inductor.
  • the return loss in the non-CA state, the curve (4) is the return loss in the non-CA state when the fourth device 116 is an 18 nH inductor.
  • the minimum value at the arrow in the figure is due to the reduction in return loss caused by the resonance of the first radiator 107 and the first resonant structure 109.
  • FIG. 10 A schematic diagram of the antenna efficiency when the fourth device 116 is a matching network and the matching network is a different inductance under the same conditions as in FIG. 10 is shown in FIG. Among them, the curve (1) is the antenna efficiency in the CA state, the curve (2) is the antenna efficiency in the non-CA state when the fourth device 116 is the 14nH inductor, and the curve (3) is the non-CA when the fourth device 116 is the 16nH inductor. The antenna efficiency in the state, the curve (4) is the antenna efficiency in the non-CA state when the fourth device 116 is an 18 nH inductor. The minimum value at the arrow in the figure is an increase in antenna efficiency due to the resonance of the first radiator 107 and the first resonance structure 109.
  • the antenna system provided by the present application is a doubly-fed antenna.
  • the resonant structure allows a single antenna to cover the low frequency, and the dual-antenna resonant structure can realize the low-frequency dual CA, and the two antenna radiators can cover the long term evolution (LTE).
  • LTE long term evolution
  • the frequency band and the newly added NR band support the support of the low frequency dual CA and support the NR band.

Abstract

本申请公开了一种天线系统和终端设备，涉及天线技术领域，用于实现支持低频双CA并支持NR频段。该天线系统，包括：第一馈电点、第一接地点、第二馈电点、第二接地点、第三接地点、第四接地点、第一辐射器、第二辐射器、第一谐振结构、第二谐振结构，第一馈电点连接至第一辐射器；第二馈电点连接至第二辐射器；第一辐射器连接至第一接地点，第二辐射器连接至第二接地点；第一谐振结构距第一辐射器一定距离并与第一辐射器电磁耦合，第二谐振结构距第二辐射器一定距离并与第二辐射器电磁耦合；第一谐振结构连接至第三接地点，第二谐振结构连接至第四接地点。本申请实施例应用于天线设计。

Description

天线系统和终端设备 技术领域
本申请涉及天线技术领域，尤其涉及一种天线系统和终端设备。
背景技术
由于手机技术发展迅速，对于手机的速率要求不断提高，在第四代(4th generation，4G)或第五代(5th generation，5G)通信技术中应用了载波聚合(carrier aggregation，CA)、多入多出(multiple input multiple output，MIMO)等技术以提高速率，要求手机具有多个天线。在5G通信技术中，增加了新空口(new radio，NR)频段，即N77、N78、N79包含了3.3G-5G高频部分，这就要求手机的天线能够支持更高频段。另外，为了实现手机的高屏占比，要求不断缩小天线体积。
总体而言，上述要求使得手机天线的设计难度越来越高。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供一种天线系统和终端设备，用于实现支持低频双CA并支持NR频段。
为达到上述目的，本申请的实施例采用如下技术方案：
第一方面，提供了一种天线系统，包括：第一馈电点、第一接地点、第二馈电点、第二接地点、第三接地点、第四接地点、第一辐射器、第二辐射器、第一谐振结构、第二谐振结构，所述第一接地点、第二接地点、第三接地点、第四接地点位于主板地上。第一馈电点连接至第一辐射器，第一馈电点用于向第一辐射器输送高频信号和第一低频信号；第二馈电点连接至第二辐射器，第二馈电点用于向第二辐射器输送中频信号和第二低频信号；第一辐射器连接至第一接地点，第二辐射器连接至第二接地点；其中，第二低频信号的频率大于第一低频信号的频率。第一谐振结构距第一辐射器一定距离并与第一辐射器电磁耦合，第二谐振结构距第二辐射器一定距离并与第二辐射器电磁耦合；第一谐振结构连接至第三接地点，第二谐振结构连接至第四接地点。本申请提供的天线系统为双馈天线，通过谐振结构使得单个天线覆盖低频，双天线的谐振结构即可实现低频双CA，并且两个天线的辐射器可以覆盖长期演进技术(long term evolution，LTE)频段，实现了支持低频双CA。
在一种可能的方式中，高频信号包括新空口NR频段。该实施方式使得该天线系统支持NR频段。
在一种可能的方式中，第一辐射器包括终端设备的下边框中的第一部分，第二辐射器包括终端设备的下边框中的第二部分，第一部分与第二部分无绝缘设置；第一谐振结构包括终端设备的位于第一辐射器侧的部分或者全部侧边框，并与第一部分无绝缘设置；第二谐振结构包括终端设备的位于第二辐射器侧的部分或者全部侧边框，并与第二部分无绝缘设置。该设计使得终端设备的边框作为该天线系统的辐射器和谐振结构，节省终端设备内部的空间。
在一种可能的方式中，终端设备还包括屏幕金属面板，在与终端设备平面水平方 向上，下边框与屏幕金属面板之间距离为D，侧边框与屏幕金属面板之间距离为S，其中，D小于第一阈值，S小于第二阈值。该实施方式可以保证一定天线净空区。
在一种可能的方式中，在与终端设备平面垂直方向上，下边框或侧边框与屏幕金属面板之间距离为H，H小于第三阈值。该实施方式可以使得无论D和S为何值(甚至为0mm)时，仍可以保证一定天线净空区。
在一种可能的方式中，如果D或H小于等于0，则H大于0。该实施方式可以保证一定天线净空区。
在一种可能的方式中，天线系统还包括第五接地点，第五接地点位于主板地上，第一谐振结构通过第一器件连接至第五接地点；和/或，天线系统还包括第六接地点，第六接地点位于主板地上，第二谐振结构通过第二器件连接至第六接地点；其中，第一器件或第二器件包括以下器件中的至少一种：滤波器、开关、零欧姆电阻、电容、电感。根据第一器件或第二器件的不同，可以实现不同效果。例如，如果第一器件或第二器件为滤波器，可以使对应谐振结构产生新的低频。如果第一器件或第二器件为断开的开关，则对应辐射器可以为单低频。如果第一器件或第二器件为闭合的开关、零欧姆电阻、电容，则对应辐射器可以为单高频。
在一种可能的方式中，第一馈电点通过第三器件连接至第一辐射器；和/或，第二馈电点通过第四器件连接至第二辐射器；其中，第三器件或第四器件包括以下器件中的至少一种：匹配网络、可调电容、开关。根据第三器件或第四器件的不同，可以实现不同效果。例如，如果第三器件或第四器件为匹配网络或可调电容，则可以改善天线的阻抗特性，提高天线的输出功率。如果第三器件或第四器件为开关，当开关断开时，对应辐射器为无源态并作为对侧辐射器的谐振结构，从而提高对侧辐射器的效率
在一种可能的方式中，第一馈电点、第一接地点和第一辐射器构成倒F天线或复合左右手结构传输线CRLH天线。和/或，第二馈电点、第二接地点和第二辐射器构成倒F天线或CRLH天线。该实施方式提供了第一天线和第二天线可能的实现方式。
第二方面，提供了一种终端设备，包括如第一方面及其任一实施方式所述的天线系统。该部分的技术效果参照第一方面及其任一实施方式的技术效果。
附图说明
图1为本申请实施例提供的一种天线系统的结构示意图一；
图2为本申请实施例提供的一种天线系统的结构示意图二；
图3为本申请实施例提供的一种天线系统的结构示意图三；
图4为本申请实施例提供的一种天线系统的结构示意图四；
图5为本申请实施例提供的一种天线系统的结构示意图五；
图6为本申请实施例提供的一种天线系统的天线净空区的示意图一；
图7为本申请实施例提供的一种天线系统的天线净空区的示意图二；
图8为本申请实施例提供的一种天线系统的回波损耗示意图一；
图9为本申请实施例提供的一种天线系统的天线效率示意图一；
图10为本申请实施例提供的一种天线系统的回波损耗示意图二；
图11为本申请实施例提供的一种天线系统的天线效率示意图二。
具体实施方式
在本申请的描述中，可以理解，术语“中心”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本申请实施例内容和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请的限制。
参照图1中所示，本申请提供了一种天线系统，该系统包括：第一馈电点101、第一接地点102、第二馈电点103、第二接地点104、第三接地点105、第四接地点106、第一辐射器107、第二辐射器108、第一谐振结构109、第二谐振结构110。
第一接地点102、第二接地点103、第三接地点104、第四接地点105位于主板地上。“主板地”指射频器件所在主板或印制电路板(printed circuit board，PCB)的接地层。
第一馈电点101连接至第一辐射器107，第一馈电点101用于向第一辐射器107输送高频信号和第一低频信号；第二馈电点103连接至第二辐射器108，第二馈电点103用于向第二辐射器108输送中频信号和第二低频信号；第一辐射器107连接至第一接地点102，第二辐射器108连接至第二接地点104；其中，第二低频信号的频率大于第一低频信号的频率。具体的，第一低频信号的频率可以包括700-N MHz，第二低频信号的频率可以包括N-960MHz，其中的N表示700-960MHz之间的某一频率。中频信号的频率可以包括1710-2400MHz，高频信号的频率可以包括2500-2690MHz，即高频信号包括NR频段。或者，本发明实施例中，并不限定高、中、低频信号的具体频率，只要高频信号的频率比中频信号的频率高，中频信号的频率比低频信号的频率高即可。
第一谐振结构109距第一辐射器107一定距离并与第一辐射器107电磁耦合，第二谐振结构110距第二辐射器108一定距离并与第二辐射器108电磁耦合；第一谐振结构109连接至第三接地点105，第二谐振结构110连接至第四接地点106。将第一谐振结构109和第一辐射器107作为第一天线，将第二谐振结构110和第二辐射器108作为第二天线。
第一天线的第一辐射器107或第二天线的第二辐射器108均为单极子，其谐振带宽较窄并且集中于高频或中频，通过耦合馈电给各自的谐振结构，在谐振结构上产生低频谐振，从而使第一天线和第二天线均可以覆盖低频，即第一天线和第二天线可以支持低频双CA。
本申请不限定第一馈电点101、第一接地点102和第一辐射器107所构成的天线形式，也不限定第二馈电点103、第二接地点104和第二辐射器108所构成的天线形式。例如，第一馈电点101、第一接地点102和第一辐射器107可以构成倒F(invereted F antenna，IFA)天线、复合左右手结构传输线(composite right/left-handed transmission lines，CRLH)天线，或者其他形式的天线；和/或，第二馈电点103、第二接地点104和第二辐射器108也可以构成IFA天线、CRLH天线，或者其他形式的天线。示例性的，如图1中所示，第一馈电点101、第一接地点102和第一辐射器107构成倒F天线，第二馈电点103、第二接地点104和第二辐射器108构成倒F天线；如图2中所 示，第一馈电点101、第一接地点102和第一辐射器107构成倒F天线，第二馈电点103、第二接地点104和第二辐射器108构成CRLH天线。
参照图3中所示，可选的，该天线系统还可以包括第五接地点111，第五接地点111连接至主板地，第一谐振结构109通过第一器件112连接至第五接地点111；和/或，可选的，该天线系统还可以包括第六接地点113，第六接地点113连接至主板地，第二谐振结构110通过第二器件114连接至第六接地点113。其中，第一器件112或第二器件114包括以下器件中的至少一种：滤波器、开关、零欧姆电阻、电容、电感。
下面以第二器件114对于该天线系统的作用为例进行说明，可以理解，第一器件112对于该天线系统具有相同效果，在此不再赘述。
示例性的，除了第二谐振结构110与第一辐射器107谐振产生的低频谐振以外，如果该第二器件114为滤波器，可以令第二谐振结构110产生新的低频谐振，以覆盖更多的低频频段，从而实现低频双CA。如果该第二器件114为开关，当开关闭合时，第二辐射器108为单高频态，当开关断开时，第二辐射器108为单低频态，均不会受到滤波器的影响，效率更高。如果该第二器件114为零欧姆电阻、小电容或者小电感，则第二辐射器108为单高频。
参照图4中所示，可选的，第一馈电点101可以通过第三器件115连接至第一辐射器107；和/或，可选的，第二馈电点103可以通过第四器件116连接至第二辐射器108。其中，第三器件115或第四器件116包括以下器件中的至少一种：匹配网络、可调电容、开关。下面针对匹配网络、可调电容、开关对该天线系统的作用进行说明：
从阻抗的角度来说，在无线电信号发射过程中，如果发射机或者转发装置(比如发送电视，广播电台，无限通信或者手机信号的装置)的发射电气特性(阻抗特性等)彼此之间相互匹配，可以使得无线电信号传输的损耗和失真最小。所以与天线的电气特性相一致的网络，就被称为匹配网络。匹配网络的好坏直接影响天线的驻波比(standing wave ratio，SWR)和夭线的效率。馈电点与辐射器之间连接的匹配网络或可调电容可以用于改善天线的阻抗特性，提高天线的输出功率。
馈电点与辐射器之间连接的开关闭合时，与图1-图3中所述内容一致，具体不再赘述。馈电点与辐射器之间连接的开关断开时，对应辐射器为无源态。例如，如果第二馈电点103与第二辐射器108之间的开关断开，第二辐射器108为无源态(即非CA态)，第二辐射器108和第二谐振结构110成为第一辐射器107的谐振结构，能够提升第一辐射器107的效率；或者，如果第一馈电点101与第一辐射器107之间的开关断开，第一辐射器107为无源态，第一辐射器107和第一谐振结构109成为第二辐射器108的谐振结构，能够提升第二辐射器108的效率。对于该非CA场景，可以缩短谐振结构的长度，使得天线带宽调窄，从而保证单频段性能。
如果将上述天线系统安装于手机等终端设备上部，由于接打电话时人头部离终端设备上部较近，会使得整个天线系统的比吸收率(specific absorption rate，SAR)过高，降低天线系统效率，因此优选将该天线系统安装于终端设备下部。其中，SAR是手机或无线产品的电磁波能量吸收比值，由于人体各种器官均为有耗介质，在外电磁场的作用下，人体内将产生感应电磁场，感应电磁场将会产生电流，吸收和耗散电磁能量。
如果将该天线系统安装于终端设备中，为了节省终端设备内部空间，从而提高屏 占比，可以将终端设备的边框设计为第一辐射器107、第二辐射器108、第一谐振结构109、第二谐振结构110。特别地，可以将终端设备的下边框设计为第一辐射器107、第二辐射器108，将终端设备的侧边框设计为第一谐振结构109、第二谐振结构110。
具体的，第一辐射器107可以包括终端设备的下边框中的第一部分，第二辐射器108可以包括终端设备的下边框中的第二部分，第一部分与第二部分无绝缘设置。第一谐振结构109可以包括终端设备的位于第一辐射器107侧的部分或者全部侧边框，并与第一部分无绝缘设置。第二谐振结构110可以包括终端设备的位于第二辐射器108侧的部分或者全部侧边框，并与第二部分无绝缘设置。辐射器与辐射器之间或者辐射器与谐振结构之间为狭缝(slot)，其间可以以非金属物填充，或者安装与辐射器或谐振结构非电接触的其他器件，例如，通用串行总线(universal serial bus，USB)接口。如图1中所示，第一谐振结构109和/或第二谐振结构110还可以分别包括终端设备下边框的一部分。如图5中所示，第一辐射器107和/或第二辐射器108还可以分别包括终端设备侧边框的一部分。
由于本申请的天线可以利用终端设备边框，使得天线净空区可以非常小。天线净空区指天线区域不布地的大小，因为天线振子距离地太近会增加对地电容，影响天线匹配。如图6中所示，为了增强终端设备强度，在外壳内通常有屏幕金属面板117，相当于地，在与终端设备平面水平方向上，下边框与屏幕金属面板117之间距离为D，侧边框与屏幕金属面板117之间距离为S，其中，D小于第一阈值，S小于第二阈值，D和S可以小于等于3mm，甚至为负值。可选的，如图7中所示，在与终端设备平面垂直方向上，终端设备的下边框或侧边框可以与屏幕金属面板117之间有一定距离H，其中，H小于第三阈值。如果D或H小于等于0，则H可以大于0，如果D和H均大于0，则H可以小于等于0也可以大于0。距离H可以保证一定天线净空区。本申请不限定D、S、H值的大小。
参照图8中所示，为S＝1.5mm时不同D的第一天线和第二天线的回波损耗示意图。回波损耗，又称为反射损耗，是由于天线阻抗不匹配所产生的反射，阻抗不匹配主要发生在连接处或阻抗发生变化处。回波损耗将引入信号的波动，返回的信号将被误认为是收到的信号而产生混乱。其中，曲线(1)为第一天线D＝0mm时的回波损耗，曲线(2)为第一天线D＝2mm时的回波损耗，曲线(3)为第二天线D＝0mm时的回波损耗，曲线(4)为第二天线D＝2mm时的回波损耗。回波损耗小于-3dB的频率是可用频率。从中可以看出，第一天线在2.5GHz、4.5GHz、N-900MHz附近频率可用，第二天线在700-N MHz及1.8GHz附近频率可用。
参照图9中所示，为S＝1.5mm时不同D的第一天线和第二天线的天线效率示意图。天线效率是指天线辐射出去的功率(即有效地转换电磁波部分的功率)和输入到天线的有功功率之比。其中，曲线(1)为第一天线D＝0mm时的天线效率，曲线(2)为第一天线D＝2mm时的天线效率，曲线(3)为第二天线D＝0mm时的天线效率，曲线(4)为第二天线D＝2mm时的天线效率。从中可以看出，第一天线在2.5GHz、4.5GHz、N-900MHz附近频率的天线效率较高，第二天线在700-N MHz及1.8GHz附近的天线效率较高。
如果D＝2mm，S＝1.5mm，第一馈电点101与第一辐射器107之间的开关断开，使 得第一辐射器107和第一谐振结构109成为第二辐射器108的谐振结构(此时为非CA态)，第四器件116为匹配网络并且匹配网络为不同电感时的回波损耗如图10中所示。其中，曲线(1)为CA态下的回波损耗，曲线(2)为第四器件116为14nH电感时非CA态下的回波损耗，曲线(3)为第四器件116为16nH电感时非CA态下的回波损耗，曲线(4)为第四器件116为18nH电感时非CA态下的回波损耗。图中箭头处的极小值是由于第一辐射器107和第一谐振结构109谐振所引起的回波损耗降低。
图11中所示为与图10中相同条件下第四器件116为匹配网络并且匹配网络为不同电感时的天线效率的示意图。其中，曲线(1)为CA态下的天线效率，曲线(2)为第四器件116为14nH电感时非CA态下的天线效率，曲线(3)为第四器件116为16nH电感时非CA态下的天线效率，曲线(4)为第四器件116为18nH电感时非CA态下的天线效率。图中箭头处的极小值是由于第一辐射器107和第一谐振结构109谐振所引起的天线效率升高。
本申请提供的天线系统为双馈天线，通过谐振结构使得单个天线覆盖低频，双天线的谐振结构即可实现低频双CA，并且两个天线的辐射器可以覆盖长期演进技术(long term evolution，LTE)频段和新增的NR频段，实现了支持低频双CA并支持NR频段。
本领域普通技术人员可以意识到，结合本文中所公开的实施例描述的各示例的单元及算法步骤，能够以电子硬件、或者计算机软件和电子硬件的结合来实现。这些功能究竟以硬件还是软件方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。专业技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能，但是这种实现不应认为超出本申请的范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种天线系统，其特征在于，包括：第一馈电点、第一接地点、第二馈电点、第二接地点、第三接地点、第四接地点、第一辐射器、第二辐射器、第一谐振结构、第二谐振结构，所述第一接地点、第二接地点、第三接地点、第四接地点位于主板地上，
    所述第一馈电点连接至所述第一辐射器，所述第一馈电点用于向所述第一辐射器输送高频信号和第一低频信号；所述第二馈电点连接至所述第二辐射器，所述第二馈电点用于向所述第二辐射器输送中频信号和第二低频信号；所述第一辐射器连接至所述第一接地点，所述第二辐射器连接至所述第二接地点；其中，所述第二低频信号的频率大于所述第一低频信号的频率；
    所述第一谐振结构距所述第一辐射器一定距离并与所述第一辐射器电磁耦合，所述第二谐振结构距所述第二辐射器一定距离并与所述第二辐射器电磁耦合；所述第一谐振结构连接至所述第三接地点，所述第二谐振结构连接至所述第四接地点。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的天线系统，其特征在于，所述高频信号包括新空口NR频段。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的天线系统，其特征在于，所述第一辐射器包括终端设备的下边框中的第一部分，所述第二辐射器包括所述终端设备的下边框中的第二部分，所述第一部分与所述第二部分绝缘设置；所述第一谐振结构包括所述终端设备的位于所述第一辐射器侧的部分或者全部侧边框，并与所述第一部分绝缘设置；所述第二谐振结构包括所述终端设备的位于所述第二辐射器侧的部分或者全部侧边框，并与所述第二部分绝缘设置。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的天线系统，其特征在于，所述终端设备还包括屏幕金属面板，在与所述终端设备平面水平方向上，所述下边框与所述屏幕金属面板之间距离为D，所述侧边框与所述屏幕金属面板之间距离为S，其中，D小于第一阈值，S小于第二阈值。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的天线系统，其特征在于，在与所述终端设备平面垂直方向上，所述下边框或所述侧边框与所述屏幕金属面板之间距离为H，其中，H小于第三阈值。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的天线系统，其特征在于，如果D或H小于等于0，则H大于0。
  7. 根据权利要求1-6任一项所述的天线系统，其特征在于，
    所述天线系统还包括第五接地点，所述第五接地点位于所述主板地上，所述第一谐振结构通过第一器件连接至所述第五接地点；
    和/或，
    所述天线系统还包括第六接地点，所述第六接地点位于所述主板地上，所述第二谐振结构通过第二器件连接至所述第六接地点；
    其中，所述第一器件或所述第二器件包括以下器件中的至少一种：滤波器、开关、零欧姆电阻、电容、电感。
  8. 根据权利要求1-7任一项所述的天线系统，其特征在于，
    所述第一馈电点通过第三器件连接至所述第一辐射器；
    和/或，
    所述第二馈电点通过第四器件连接至所述第二辐射器；
    其中，所述第三器件或所述第四器件包括以下器件中的至少一种：匹配网络、可调电容、开关。
  9. 根据权利要求1-8任一项所述的天线系统，其特征在于，
    所述第一馈电点、所述第一接地点和所述第一辐射器构成倒F天线或复合左右手结构传输线CRLH天线；
    和/或，
    所述第二馈电点、所述第二接地点和所述第二辐射器构成倒F天线或CRLH天线。
  10. 一种终端设备，其特征在于，包括如权利要求1-8任一项所述的天线系统。
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CN112736459B (zh) * 2020-12-24 2023-12-15 维沃移动通信有限公司 双天线系统、射频架构和电子设备
CN112821031A (zh) * 2020-12-29 2021-05-18 Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 电子设备
CN112821031B (zh) * 2020-12-29 2024-01-02 Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 电子设备
CN112886224A (zh) * 2021-01-08 2021-06-01 维沃移动通信有限公司 天线结构及终端设备
CN112886224B (zh) * 2021-01-08 2023-08-22 维沃移动通信有限公司 天线结构及终端设备

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CN110892581B (zh) 2023-02-28
US11735809B2 (en) 2023-08-22
BR112020023108A2 (pt) 2021-02-02
JP7103556B2 (ja) 2022-07-20
AU2018423290A1 (en) 2020-11-19
CN110892581A (zh) 2020-03-17
KR20200135552A (ko) 2020-12-02
CA3098483C (en) 2023-03-28
JP2021523591A (ja) 2021-09-02
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EP3780270B1 (en) 2023-10-25
EP3780270A4 (en) 2021-04-21

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