WO2019216184A1

WO2019216184A1 - Tipping bucket rain gauge

Info

Publication number: WO2019216184A1
Application number: PCT/JP2019/017097
Authority: WO
Inventors: 角田　敦
Original assignee: 株式会社Ｔｏｋ
Priority date: 2018-05-11
Filing date: 2019-04-22
Publication date: 2019-11-14
Also published as: JPWO2019216184A1; JP6936538B2

Abstract

Provided is a tipping bucket rain gauge that continues to accurately measure rain even when rainfall is heavy and that does not require regular maintenance and is therefore easy to use. According to the present invention, a water filter (6): is configured from a first water filter (6a), a second water filter (6b), a first water conduit line (6c), a second water conduit line (6d), and an auxiliary water conduit channel (6e); and mitigates the flow of rainwater that has been received at a water receptacle and drips the rainwater into a tipping bucket. The first water conduit line (6c) is provided at an incline of approximately 70° to the direction in which rainwater received from the water receptacle falls, and the first water filter (6a) diverts rainwater received from the water receptacle by redirecting the rainwater to flow along the first water conduit line (6c). The second water conduit line (6d) is provided at an incline of approximately 35° to the direction in which rainwater received from the water receptacle falls, and the second water filter (6b) redirects rainwater that flows out of the first water filter (6a) to flow along the second water conduit line (6d) toward the tipping bucket and thereby makes the rainwater that flows out of the first water filter (6b) drip into the tipping bucket.

Description

A falling rain gauge

The present invention includes a water receiver that receives rainwater that falls, a water filter that drops rainwater received by the water receiver, and a tipping device that falls and collects rainwater dripping from the water filter. It relates to the Masu-type rain gauge.

Conventionally, as this type of falling rain gauge, for example, there is one provided with a rain gauge filter disclosed in Patent Document 1.

This rain gauge filter is composed of a funnel and a pipe in the shape of a cone. A pipe is inserted from a pipe insertion port formed at the lower edge of the funnel, and the pipe is integrally formed along the inner wall of the funnel. is there. The water intake of the rain gauge filter is positioned so as to be inclined forward, and the front of the water intake is cut away to provide a water outlet. Moreover, the guide protrusion which consists of a wire is provided from the flowing water port to the drainage port of a pipe along the outer wall of a funnel. The drainage port of the pipe is opened in the direction of the inclined front surface of the funnel, and is provided so that rainwater flowing down the guide protrusion provided on the outer wall of the funnel can easily flow in.

The rainwater received by the falling rain gauge water receiver is collected in the rain gauge water filter, so that its kinetic energy is weakened and it is stably flowed. At the same time, dust such as sand contained in the collected rainwater is settled in the funnel, and the supernatant is guided from the water inlet of the pipe to fall through the pipe. At this time, if suspended matter flows into the pipe and becomes clogged, rainwater will not pass through the pipe and the rain gauge filter will overflow. However, the overflowing rainwater is led to the water outlet at the lowermost edge of the water receiving port of the funnel, flows down to the drainage port of the pipe along the guide ridge provided on the outer wall of the funnel, and falls down Led.

JP 2000-249774 A

However, in recent years, there have been frequent disasters and damages due to local heavy rains and torrential rains, etc. When the amount of rainfall increases due to local heavy rains or torrential rains, the rainwater overflowing the funnel gains momentum, and the rainwater flows into It doesn't flow down along the guide ridge, and it jumps out of the water outlet and falls over and falls. For this reason, when the value of the rainfall increases, it becomes difficult to accurately measure the rainfall continuously with the rain gauge filter provided in the conventional falling rain gauge. In addition, the conventional rain gauge filter requires maintenance work to periodically remove dust such as sand that settles on the funnel, and the operation of the falling rain gauge is troublesome.

The present invention has been made to solve such problems,
A receiver that receives falling rainwater, a drainer that drops dripping while suppressing the flow of rainwater received by the receiver, and a pair of rainwater dripping from the drainer are alternately stored. In a falling rain gauge equipped with a falling and falling water whenever a certain amount accumulates,
A first drainage device that is provided with an inclination with respect to the falling direction of the rainwater received from the water receiver, and has a bowl-like shape that changes the flow direction of the rainwater received from the water receiver to receive the rainwater; Rainwater flowing from the first drainage device is inclined with respect to the falling direction of rainwater received from the first drainage device, and changes the direction of falling rainwater flowing from the first drainage device to the direction of falling. A second drainage device having a container-like portion with a bottom that is covered with a receiving end and has an opening formed at the outflow end. It is characterized by that.

According to this configuration, the rainwater received from the water receiver to the water filter is first received by the first water filter having a bowl shape, and the flow direction is the first water filter. By being changed by the inclination of the vessel, the flow is suppressed and poured into the second drain. Since the periphery of the outflow end of the first filter is covered with the receiving end of the container-like portion from the bottom of the second filter, the second drainage from the outflow end of the first filter Rainwater poured into the drain is taken into the second drain without jumping out of the drain. The rainwater taken into the second drainage was formed at the bottom of the container-like portion of the second drainage, with the flow being further suppressed by the inclination attached to the second drainage. Guided to fall from the opening.

Therefore, even if the amount of rainfall increases due to local heavy rain or torrential rain, and the amount of rainwater received from the receiver becomes large, rainwater received by the receiver from the receiver The flow rate of the second filter is suppressed while passing through the first filter and the second filter, and it is surrounded by the container of the second filter and does not scatter around. Guided to the outflow end of the water bottle. For this reason, even if the rainfall value increases due to local heavy rain or torrential rain, etc., the rainwater received from the water receiver into the drainage device will surely be poured over and will be sustained by falling over. The rainfall will be accurately measured.

Moreover, even if dust such as sand is contained in rainwater received by the water receiver from the water receiver, the dust is not settled in the water filter as in the prior art, and the first water filter and The second drainage device flows along with rainwater and is discharged to the outside. For this reason, the maintenance work which removes the dust settled on the funnel periodically is not required as in the case of the conventional water filter, and the operation of the falling rain gauge can be easily performed. In addition, although it passes through falling when dust is discharged to the outside, since dust is discharged in a very small amount before it accumulates and becomes a lump, there is no problem in measuring rainfall. In addition, if dust is discharged in a lump, data can be processed as an abnormal value of swinging that falls.

Further, the present invention is characterized in that the width of the bowl-shaped portion on the outflow end side of the first drain is narrowed.

According to this configuration, the rainwater flowing through the first drainage device is narrowed in width at the outflow end side of the first drainage device so that the water level rises at the outflow end and the water speed is increased. Speeds up. Therefore, the dust contained in the rainwater flowing through the first drainager surely flows out of the first drainager and the rainwater together with the rainwater without staying in the first drainage unit. For this reason, the dust that enters the drainage device from the water receiver is reliably discharged outside without stagnation in the drainage device.

Further, according to the present invention, the first drainage device has a first water conduit in the bowl-shaped portion with the tip protruding from the outflow end along the line where the rainwater flows down, and the second drainage device, Along the streaks of rainwater that hangs down from the first waterway, the second waterway that protrudes from the outflow end to the top of the tip is projected on the inner wall of the container-like part that slopes toward the fall. .

According to this configuration, the rain water flowing down the first drainager flows through the first water conduit in the bowl-shaped portion without flowing out of the bowl-shaped portion and turbulently flowing in the bowl-shaped portion. The first water conduit protruding from the outflow end of the water filter is surely guided into the second water filter. The rainwater guided through the first water conduit into the second drainage hangs down on the second water conduit on the inner wall of the container-like portion that inclines toward falling. Accordingly, the rainwater introduced into the second drainage water flows along the second water conduit without disturbing the inner wall surface of the container-like portion, and the second water guide protruding from the outflow end of the second water filter. It will be guided to the inside of the water channel. For this reason, the rainwater received from the water receiver into the drainage can be poured more reliably.

Further, according to the present invention, at least one of the first water conduit or the second water conduit is attached to the first water filter or the second water filter so that the position of the first water channel or the second water channel can be adjusted in a direction along the line where rainwater flows. It is comprised from a wire.

According to this structure, the 1st waterway is comprised from the wire rod attached to a 1st water filter freely in the direction along the direction along which rainwater flows down, so that the 1st water filter of It is possible to adjust the relative position of the tip of the first conduit that protrudes from the outflow end with respect to the second conduit in the second drainage unit. For this reason, rainwater can be reliably dripped from the front-end | tip of a 1st water conduit to a 2nd water conduit. In addition, the second water conduit is formed from a wire rod that is attached to the second filter so that the position in the direction along the line where the rainwater flows can be freely adjusted, so that it protrudes from the outflow end of the second filter. It becomes possible to adjust the relative position of the tip of the second water conduit to the tipping over. For this reason, rain water can be reliably dropped even if it falls from the front-end | tip of a 2nd water conduit.

Further, the present invention is characterized in that the first water conduit and the second water conduit are subjected to hydrophilic treatment on the surface.

According to this configuration, the rainwater flowing through the first water conduit and the second water conduit can be reliably separated from the first water conduit and the second water conduit without leaving the first water conduit and the second water conduit. Flowing along. For this reason, the rainwater received from the water receiver into the drainage water flows stably through the first water conduit and the second water conduit, and is stably guided to fall.

Further, according to the present invention, the first water conduit is inclined by approximately 70 ° with respect to the falling direction of rainwater received from the water receiver, and the second water conduit is approximately 35 ° with respect to the falling direction of rainwater received from the water receiver. It is provided with an inclination.

According to this configuration, the slopes of the first water conduit and the second water conduit are set at predetermined angles, so that the rainwater received from the water receiver has sufficient time to suppress the water force. The drainage apparatus is set in an optimum state in which the dust contained in the rainwater flows through the drainage and is discharged without falling in the drainage filter.

Further, according to the present invention, the second drainage device is provided side by side with the second water conduit below the second water conduit protruding from the outflow end thereof, and guides the rainwater falling from the second water conduit to fall over. An auxiliary water conduit is provided.

本 According to this configuration, even if rainwater spills from the second conduit, the spilled rainwater is picked up by the auxiliary conduit and led to fall. For this reason, continuous and accurate measurement of rainfall due to falling is secured by the auxiliary conduit.

In addition, the present invention is characterized in that it includes a rain sensor that detects a rainfall that falls below the amount of rainfall that falls down but is less than the amount of rainfall that falls.

According to this configuration, the rain sensor detects a slight rainfall that falls below the amount of rainfall that falls, but can detect the start of rain.

Further, the present invention is characterized in that the rain sensor is installed in the first drainer at a position where rain water dripping from the water receiver hits the rain sensor.

According to this configuration, the rain is collected by the water receiver and guided to the rain sensing part of the rain sensor, and the rain water falling is reliably detected by the rain sensor. For this reason, it is possible to reliably detect the start of rain.

According to the present invention, even if the value of rainfall increases due to local heavy rain or torrential rain, etc., it is possible to continuously and accurately measure rainwater received from the water receiver into the drainage device, and at regular intervals. It is possible to provide a falling rain gauge that requires no maintenance work and can be easily operated.

(A) is a perspective view of the fuselage which constitutes the fall type rain gauge according to one embodiment of the present invention, (b) shows the internal configuration of the fall type rain gauge according to one embodiment with the fuselage removed. It is a perspective view. (A) is a side view showing the internal configuration of a tipping rain gauge according to an embodiment with the fuselage removed, and (b) is when the funnel is removed from the tipping rain gauge in the state shown in (a). FIG. (A) is a perspective view of the drainage device which comprises the fall type rain gauge by one Embodiment, (b) is a front view, (c) is a side view. (A) is a perspective view of the 1st water filter which comprises the water filter shown in FIG. 3, (b) is a top view. (A) is the perspective view from the upper direction of the auxiliary water conduit which comprises the water filter shown in FIG. 3, (b) is a front view, (c) is a perspective view from the downward direction. (A) is a front view of the water filter when the auxiliary conduit is removed from the water filter shown in FIG. 3, (b) is a side view, and (c) is an AA line of the second water filter. FIG. (A) is a partially broken side view showing the internal configuration of a falling rain gauge according to another embodiment with the body removed, and (b) is a plan view. (A) is a plan view of a rain sensor constituting a tipping rain gauge according to another embodiment shown in FIG. 7, (b) is a side view, and (c) is configured using this rain sensor. It is a block block diagram of the rain start time detection circuit. (A) is a plan view of a water filter constituting a tipping rain gauge according to a first modification of another embodiment, (b) is a front view, and (c) is a BB of this water filter. It is a line breaking arrow sectional view. (A) is a front view of the falling type rain gauge according to the second modification of the other embodiment, and (b) is a plan view.

Next, a mode for carrying out the falling type rain gauge according to the present invention will be described.

FIG. 1 (a) is a perspective view of a fuselage constituting the outline of a falling rain gauge 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The falling rain gauge 1 is configured to be covered with a body 2. FIG. 1B is a perspective view showing the internal configuration of the falling rain gauge 1 with the body 2 removed, and FIG. 2A is a side view thereof. The overturning rain gauge 1 includes a water receiver 3 that receives falling rainwater and a measuring unit 5 that measures rainwater received by the water receiver. The water receiver 3 includes a funnel 4 having a conical shape. FIG. 2B is a plan view when the funnel 4 is removed from the overturning rain gauge 1 in the state shown in FIG. 1B and FIG. The measuring unit 5 includes a drainage device 6, a tipper 7, a substrate 8, a shaft 9, a weight 10, a stopper 11, a drain tube 12 and a base 13.

The drain 6 is attached to the substrate 8 by a fixture 14. The substrate 8 is erected on a base 13 having a disk shape. The drainage device 6 receives the rainwater received by the funnel 4 and drops the received rainwater to the tipping device 7. The tipping roll 7 is configured by a pair of ridges 7a and 7b being provided symmetrically about an axis 9. Rainwater dripping from the drainage device 6 is alternately stored in a pair of masus 7a and 7b. Each time a certain amount of rainwater accumulates in either one of 7a and 7b, the overturn 7 falls about the shaft 9 and swings.

軸 The shaft 9 is provided through the side surface of the 7 that falls. The center of oscillation on the shaft 9 of the overturn 7 is provided above the bottom surface of the overturn 7, and the oscillation of the overturn 7 is urged by the weight 10. The weight 10 has a rectangular parallelepiped shape, and is provided on the side of the tipping roll 7 above the swing center of the tipping roll 7. In addition, a pair of

stoppers

11 and 11 are provided below the respective rods 7a and 7b. The swinging of the tumbling 7 is stopped when the pair of

stoppers

11 and 11 receive the lower surfaces of the respective 7a and 7b.

When the falling roll 7 swings, the rainwater collected in each of the 7a and 7b is discharged into the pair of

drain pipes

12 and 12. The number of times the tip 7 swings is counted by the number of pulses generated by a reed switch (not shown), and the rainfall is measured. In this embodiment, the diameter of the water receiver 3 is 200 mm, and the falling rain gauge 1 emits one pulse signal every time it measures 0.5 mm of rain.

The drainage device 6 in the measuring unit 5 configured as described above is shown in a perspective view in FIG. 3 (a), a front view in FIG. 3 (b), and a side view in FIG. 3 (c). The drainage filter 6 is composed of a first drainage filter 6a, a second drainage filter 6b, a first water conduit 6c, a second water conduit 6d, and an auxiliary water conduit 6e. Drop the rainwater 7 and drop it.

The first drainage device 6a is shown in a perspective view in FIG. 4 (a) and a plan view in FIG. 4 (b). The first drainage device 6a has a bowl shape in which a cylindrical tube is cut in half in the central axis direction. It is formed. In the present embodiment, in the first drainage device 6a, the width W of the bowl-shaped portion is narrowed to the width w (W> w) on the outflow end 6a1 side, and the width of the bowl-shaped portion is narrowed. The cross-sectional shape of the tip of the hook-shaped portion is smaller than the cross-sectional shape of the hook-shaped base portion having the width W. The 1st drainage device 6a has the 1st water conduit 6c which a front-end | tip protrudes from the outflow end 6a1 along a trough of the bowl-shaped part where rainwater flows down in the bowl-shaped part as a 1st water conduit. The first water conducting wire 6c is configured in a pin shape with a stainless steel wire having a diameter φ of about 2 mm, and is fitted into a groove 6a2 formed in a linear shape along the streaks of rainwater on the valley bottom of the bowl-shaped portion. The first water guide line 6c is slid along the groove 6a2 so that the position of the first water guide line 6c in the direction along the line where the rainwater flows down can be freely adjusted. The first water guide line 6c is adhered to the first drain 6a with an adhesive. It is attached.

As shown in FIG. 3 (c), the first drain 6 a has a first rainwater gage that falls about 70 ° with respect to the falling direction of the rainwater received from the water receiver 3, in other words, falls. 1 is provided with an inclination of about 20 ° with respect to the installation surface 1 and changes the flow direction of rainwater received from the water receiver 3 along the first water conduit 6c to receive rainwater.

As shown in FIG. 3, the second drain 6b is provided at the tip of the holder 6b1, the attachment 6b1 attached to the substrate 8, the bowl-shaped holder 6b2 extending from the attachment 6b1, and the holder 6b2. The container-like part 6b3 and the adapter part 6b4 formed on the outer wall of the container-like part 6b3 are made of resin. The attachment portion 6b1 has a plate shape, and the attachment tool 14 is inserted into the attachment hole 6b11 opened in the plate surface, and attached to the substrate 8. The holder portion 6b2 houses the first drainage device 6a in the bowl-shaped portion, and the outflow end 6a1 at the tip of the first drainage device 6a is projected from the holder portion 6b2 to the container-like portion 6b3. The container-like portion 6b3 has a container shape with a bottom removed, and a water receiving end 6b31 that is opened upward in an elliptical shape covers the periphery of the outflow end 6a1 of the first drainage device 6a. The container-like portion 6b3 has an opening at the outflow end 6b32 at the bottom thereof. This opening is formed in an elliptical shape smaller than the opening of the water receiving end 6b31. Moreover, the area of this opening is set to about twice the cross-sectional area of the ridge-shaped base portion having the width W in the first drainage device 6a.

The container-like part 6b3 is formed integrally with the adapter part 6b4 projecting on the outer wall inclined toward the tipping over 7. A resin-made auxiliary water conduit 6e shown in FIG. 5 is fitted into the adapter portion 6b4 as shown in FIG. A front view of the drainage device 6 with the auxiliary water conduit 6e removed is shown in FIG. 6 (a), and a side view thereof is shown in FIG. 6 (b). FIG. 6C is a sectional view taken along the line AA of the second drainage filter 6b in which the first drainage filter 6a is removed from the drainage filter 6 in the state shown in FIG. 6A. Indicated. The adapter portion 6b4 has a substantially crescent-shaped cross section and protrudes from the outer wall of the container-like portion 6b3 so as to cover the hollow that narrows toward the bottom of the container-like portion 6b3 as it approaches the outflow end 6b32 side of the container-like portion 6b3. Both sides protrude and are curved. On the back side of the adapter part 6b4, a groove 6b41 is formed along the longitudinal direction of the adapter part 6b4. The adapter 6b4 may be provided separately from the second drain 6b and may be configured as a separate part.

5A is a perspective view of the auxiliary water conduit 6e as viewed from obliquely above, FIG. 5B is a front view of the auxiliary water conduit 6e, and FIG. 5C is a perspective view of the auxiliary water conduit 6e as viewed from obliquely below. FIG. Similarly to the adapter portion 6b4, the auxiliary water conduit 6e has a substantially crescent-shaped cross section, the base portion 6e1 attached to the water receiving end 6b31 side of the container-like portion 6b3 is thick, and the tip attached to the outflow end 6b32 side. The thickness of the portion 6e2 is reduced. In addition, a ridge 6e3 extends along the longitudinal direction of the auxiliary water conduit 6e at the center of the curved inner side of the base 6e1. The auxiliary water guide passage 6e is fixed to the back side of the adapter portion 6b4 as shown in FIG. 3 by fitting the convex strip portion 6e3 into the groove 6b41 of the adapter portion 6b4 and press-fitting or adhering it. .

As shown in FIG. 6 (c), a groove 6b33 is formed on the inner wall of the container-like portion 6b3 that is inclined toward the tipping side 7 along the streaks of rainwater that hangs down from the tip of the first water conduit 6c. Yes. One end of the second water conduit 6d is attached to the groove 6b33 by an adhesive. When the other end of the second water conduit 6d protrudes from the outflow end 6b32 of the container 6b3 and the auxiliary water conduit 6e is attached to the adapter 6b4, as shown in FIG. It floats from the tip 6e2 of the water conduit 6e. That is, a distance is provided between the auxiliary water conduit 6e and the distal end side of the second water conduit 6d to form a space. The tip of the second water conduit 6d protrudes to the upper side of the tipping over 7 as shown in FIG. 2 (a) when the water filter 6 is attached to the substrate 8. In other words, the second drainage device 6b is provided with the second water conduit 6d on the inner wall of the container-like portion 6b3 that inclines toward the point 7 along the streak of rainwater that hangs down from the tip of the first water conduit 6c. It has 2 water conduits. The second conduit 6d is also configured in a pin shape with a stainless steel wire having a diameter φ of about 2 mm. The second water guide line 6d slides along a groove 6b33 formed in the inner wall of the container-like portion 6b3, so that the position adjustment in the direction along the line where the rainwater flows can be freely made.

As shown in FIG. 3 (c), the second drain 6 b has a second direction of rainwater received from the first drain 6 a, that is, the direction of rainwater received from the water receiver 3. The water conduit 6d is provided with an inclination of approximately 35 °. Then, the rainwater flowing out from the first drain 6a is changed over to the direction 7 that falls along the second conduit 6d, and the rainwater flowing out from the first drain 6a is dropped on the 7 Let In addition, the second drain 6b is provided with an auxiliary conduit 6e along the second conduit 6d below the second conduit 6d protruding from the outflow end 6b32 of the container 6b3, and the auxiliary conduit 6e. In this way, the rain water that falls from the second water lead 6d is led to 7 that falls.

In the present embodiment, the surface of the first water conduit 6c and the second water conduit 6d is subjected to hydrophilic treatment. In this hydrophilic treatment, porous Cr plating or baking with a super-hydrophilic paint is performed on each surface of the first water conducting wire 6c and the second water conducting wire 6d to form a film on each surface. And done. Moreover, the front-end | tip of the 1st water conducting wire 6c and the 2nd water conducting wire 6d is carrying out the hemispherical shape in this embodiment. However, each tip may be sharpened by cutting it diagonally.

According to the falling rain gauge 1 according to this embodiment, the rainwater received from the water receiver 3 to the drainage device 6 is first a first drainage device 6a having a bowl-like shape. The flow direction is changed by the inclination of the first filter 6a, so that the flow is suppressed and poured into the second filter 6b. Since the periphery of the outflow end 6a1 of the first drain 6a1 is covered with the receiving end 6b31 of the container-like portion 6b3 of the second drain 6b3, the outflow end 6a1 of the first drain 6a1. The rainwater poured into the second drainage device 6b is taken into the second drainage device 6b without jumping out of the drainage device 6. The rainwater taken into the second drainage device 6b is further restrained in the flow due to the inclination attached to the second drainage device 6b, and the bottom of the container-like portion 6b3 of the second drainage device 6b. From the opening of the outflow end 6b32 formed on the tip, it is led to 7 to fall.

Therefore, even if the amount of rainfall increases due to local heavy rain or torrential rain, and a large amount of rainwater is received from the water receiver 3 to the drain 6, it is received by the drain 6 from the water receiver 3. The rainwater to be drained is restrained from flowing while passing through the first drainage device 6a and the second drainage device 6b, and is surrounded by the container-like portion 6b3 of the second drainage device 6b. Without being scattered, it is guided to the outflow end 6b32 of the second drain 6b. For this reason, even if the value of rainfall increases due to local heavy rain or torrential rain, etc., the rainwater received from the water receiver 3 to the drainage device 6 will surely fall over and fall over 7 Will continue to measure rainfall accurately and accurately.

Further, even if rain such as sand is contained in rainwater received by the water receiver 3 from the water receiver 3, the dust is not settled in the water condenser 6 as in the prior art, and the first filter. The water 6a and the second drain 6b flow along with rainwater and are discharged from the

drains

12 and 12 to the outside. For this reason, the maintenance operation | work which removes regularly the dust which settles in a funnel like the conventional drainage machine becomes unnecessary, and the operation of the falling rain gauge 1 can be performed easily. In addition, when dust is discharged to the outside, it passes through 7 that falls, but within a very small amount before the dust accumulates into a lump, it falls through the

drain pipes

12 and 12 due to the swing of the fall 7 Since it is discharged to the outside, there is no problem in measuring the rainfall with the falling rain gauge 1. In addition, if dust is discharged in a lump, data processing can be performed as an abnormal value of 7 swings.

In addition, according to the falling rain gauge 1 according to the present embodiment, the rainwater flowing through the first drain 6a has a width W of the first drain 6a at the outflow end 6a1 side. By narrowing down to w (W> w), the water level rises at the outflow end 6a1 and the water speed increases. Therefore, the dust contained in the rainwater flowing through the first drainage device 6a does not stay in the first drainage device 6a, but reliably flows from the first drainage device 6a to the second drainage device 6b together with the rainwater. leak. For this reason, the dust entering the drainage device 6 from the water receiver 3 is reliably discharged outside without staying in the drainage device 6.

Further, according to the falling rain gauge 1 according to the present embodiment, the rain water flowing down the first drain 6a is turbulent in the bowl-shaped part and does not jump out of the bowl-shaped part and is present in the bowl-shaped part. It flows along the 1st water conduit 6c, and is reliably guide | induced in the 2nd water filter 6b from the 1st water conduit 6c which protrudes from the outflow end 6a1 of the 1st water filter 6. Rainwater guided into the second drain 6b through the first water conduit 6c hangs down on the second water conduit 6d on the inner wall of the container-like portion 6b3 that inclines toward the tip 7. Therefore, the rainwater guided into the second drain 6b flows along the second water conduit 6d without disturbing the inner wall surface of the container 6b3, and flows from the outflow end 6b32 of the second drain 6b. The second water guide wire 6d that protrudes reliably falls down and is guided into 7. For this reason, the rainwater received by the drainage device 6 from the water receiver 3 is more reliably poured into the tipper 7.

Moreover, according to the overturning rain gauge 1 according to the present embodiment, the first conduit is attached to the first drain 6a so that the position of the first conduit in the direction along the line where the rainwater flows is freely adjustable. By being comprised from 6c, adjusting the relative position with respect to the 2nd water conduit in the 2nd water filter 6b of the front-end | tip of the 1st water conduit which protrudes from the outflow end 6a1 of the 1st water filter 6a. It becomes possible. For this reason, rainwater can be reliably dripped from the front-end | tip of a 1st water conduit to a 2nd water conduit. Further, the second water conduit is constituted by a second water conduit 6d that is attached to the second water filter 6b so that the position in the direction along the line where the rainwater flows can be freely adjusted. It is possible to adjust the relative position of the tip of the second water conduit protruding from the outflow end 6b32 of 6b with respect to the tipping over 7. For this reason, rainwater can be reliably dropped to 7 that falls from the tip of the second water conduit.

Moreover, according to the falling rain gauge 1 according to the present embodiment, the rainwater that flows along the first water conduit 6c and the second water conduit 6d that has been subjected to hydrophilic treatment on the surface is flowing along the first water conduit. It flows along the 1st water line 6c and the 2nd water line 6d reliably, without leaving | separating from 6c and the 2nd water line 6d. For this reason, rainwater received by the drainage device 6 from the water receiver 3 flows along the first water conduit 6 c and the second water conduit 6 d stably, and is stably guided to the tipper 7.

Further, according to the falling rain gauge 1 according to the present embodiment, the inclinations of the first water conduit 6c and the second water conduit 6d are set to predetermined angles of approximately 70 ° and approximately 35 °, The rainwater received from the water receiver 3 flows through the filter 6 for a time sufficient to suppress the water flow, and the dust contained in the rainwater falls without falling in the filter 6. The drainage device 6 is set to the optimal state of being discharged.

Further, according to the falling rain gauge 1 according to the present embodiment, even if rainwater spills from the second conduit 6d, the spilling rainwater is picked up by the auxiliary conduit 6e and led to the tip 7 to fall. Although the auxiliary water conduit 6e is not necessarily required, the provision of the auxiliary water conduit 6e ensures a continuous and accurate measurement of the rainfall due to the overturning 7.

In order to confirm the above-described effect produced by the falling rain gauge 1 according to the present embodiment, water of an amount corresponding to 50 to 200 mm of rainfall per hour is poured into the filter 6 with an electromagnetic metering pump, and the filtered water The sand and twigs that could enter the vessel 6 were mixed with the water to be injected and verified. As a result, it was confirmed that sand and twigs were discharged to the outside without accumulating in the drain 6, and the falling rain gauge 1 did not become impossible to measure and the rainfall was measured accurately and continuously.

In addition, in said embodiment, the case where the 1st water conduit and the 2nd water conduit were comprised by the 1st water conduit 6c and the 2nd water conduit 6d formed with the stainless steel pin was demonstrated. However, the first water conduit and the second water conduit are not limited to wire rods such as stainless steel pins, but are linear passages that are integrally formed with the resin that forms the first water filter 6a and the second water filter 6b. You may make it comprise from. Even in this case, it is preferable to perform hydrophilic treatment on the surface of the striated path.

In the above embodiment, the case where the first water conduit 6c and the second water conduit 6d are subjected to the hydrophilic treatment has been described. However, the first drain 6a and the second drain 6b themselves, May be configured so that hydrophilic treatment is also applied to the surface of the auxiliary water conduit 6e.

In the above embodiment, the case where the first water conduit 6c and the second water conduit 6d are fixed to the first water filter 6a and the second water filter 6b with an adhesive has been described. You may comprise so that it may fix by fitting, for example by press-fitting in the groove | channels 6a2 and 6b33 formed in the water filter 6a and the 2nd water filter 6b. Moreover, although the 1st drainage device 6a, the 2nd drainage device 6b, and the auxiliary water conduit 6e demonstrated the case where it comprised with resin in said embodiment, you may make it comprise with a metal. In this case, the first water conduit 6c and the second water conduit 6d can be fixed by welding to the first drain 6a and the second drain 6b.

In the above embodiment, the falling rain gauge having a structure in which the diameter of the water receiver is 200 mm and a pulse signal is generated every 0.5 mm of rain has been described. However, the present invention can be similarly applied to a falling rain gauge of a type that emits a pulse signal every 0.1 mm or 1 mm, and the same effects as the above-described embodiment can be achieved.

FIG. 7 shows a falling type rain gauge 1A according to another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 7 (a) is a partially broken side view showing the internal configuration of the falling type rain gauge 1A with the body 2 removed. FIG. 7B is a plan view. The partially broken side view shown in FIG. 7A is a sectional view in which only a portion of the funnel 4A constituting the water receiver 3 is partially broken. In FIG. 7, parts that are the same as or correspond to those in FIG.

The falling rain gauge 1A according to the other embodiment is different from the funnel 4 in the falling rain gauge 1 according to the above embodiment in that the funnel 4A has a cylindrical portion above the conical portion. It has an integrated shape. Above the inner wall of the conical portion that directly receives rainwater, a rain sensor 21 is attached with a comb-shaped electrode pattern 21b, which will be described later, facing upward. In this embodiment, the rain sensor 21 detects rainfall by a comb resistance method, and the appearance is shown in the plan view of FIG. 8A and the side view of FIG.

The rain sensitive sensor 21 is configured by forming a comb-shaped electrode pattern 21b on a substrate 21a with a metal conductor. The portion of the comb-shaped electrode pattern 21b constitutes a rain sensitive portion that detects rainfall. The board 21a is provided with a connector 21c, and the comb-shaped electrode pattern 21b is connected to the control circuit 22 through the connector 21c as shown in FIG. 8C. FIG. 8C is a block configuration diagram of a rainfall start time detection circuit configured using the rain sensor 21. The control circuit 22 is configured by a single board computer such as Aruduino or Raspberry Pi (Raspberry Pi), and operates with power supplied from the battery 23.

In this embodiment, the control circuit 22 applies an AC voltage to the comb-shaped electrode pattern 21b of the rain sensor 21 and measures a resistance change between the comb-shaped electrode patterns 21b to detect rain. The resistance value between the comb electrode patterns 21 b measured by the control circuit 22 is output to the data logger 24 together with the measurement time, and the time change is recorded in the data logger 24. The rain start time is read from the time change of the resistance value between the comb electrode patterns 21b recorded in the data logger 24. The control circuit 22 and the data logger 24 are stored in a control box or the like installed in the vicinity of the falling rain gauge 1A.

According to the fall type rain gauge 1A according to such another embodiment, the rain sensor 21 detects a slight rainfall that is less than the fall of the fall 7 and then detects the start of rain. Will be able to.

FIG. 9 shows the feeling in the falling rain gauge 1B according to the first modification in which the installation position of the rain sensor 21 in the falling rain gauge 1A is changed to the first drainage device 6a instead of the funnel 4A. It is a figure which shows the installation state of the rain sensor. FIG. 9A is a plan view of the drainage device 6 in the falling rain gauge 1B according to the first modification, FIG. 9B is a front view, and FIG. 9C is FIG. 9A. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB of the drainage device 6 shown in FIG. In FIG. 9, parts that are the same as or correspond to those in FIG.

In the falling rain gauge 1B according to the first modification, the rain sensor 21 has a comb-shaped electrode pattern 21b in which rain water dripping from the water receiver 3 in the first drain 6a constitutes a rain sensing part. It is installed in the position that hits. In addition, the rain sensor 21 is installed in the first drain 6a with an inclination angle so that sand and dust falling from the water receiver 3 to the substrate 21a do not remain on the substrate 21a. According to this configuration, rain is collected by the water receiver 3 and guided to the comb-shaped electrode pattern 21 b of the rain sensor 21, and the rain water that falls is reliably detected by the rain sensor 21. For this reason, it is possible to reliably detect the start of rain.

About the falling rain gauge 1B according to the first modified example described above, the minimum rainfall that can be detected by the rain sensor 21 by pouring water into the water receiver 3 using a metering pump that can discharge a constant flow without pulsation. Was measured by a test method according to Japanese Industrial Standard JIS B 7309-1982. In this measurement, the amount of water injected into the water receiver 3 was decreased from a flow rate corresponding to 1 mm of rain to 0.9 mm, 0.8 mm, 0.7 mm,. As a result, the rain sensor 21 detected water injection, that is, rainfall even at a flow rate corresponding to a rainfall of 0.1 mm. The fall type rain gauge 1B has a diameter of 200 mm for the water receiver 3 and the fall of 7 is 0.5 mm. Therefore, the rainfall of a slight rainfall that is less than the fall of 7 falls It was confirmed that it was detected by the sensor 21. That is, according to the falling rain gauge 1B, it was confirmed that the rain sensor 21 can reliably detect the start of rain.

FIG. 10 shows a rain sensor 21 in the falling rain gauge 1C according to the second modification in which the installation position of the rain sensor 21 in the falling rain gauge 1A is changed to the side of the body 2C instead of the funnel 4A. It is a figure which shows the installation state of. FIG. 10A is a front view of a falling rain gauge 1C according to the second modification, and FIG. 10B is a plan view. 10, parts that are the same as or correspond to those in FIG. 1 are given the same reference numerals, and descriptions thereof are omitted.

The falling rain gauge 1C according to the second modification has a cylindrical shape that is different from the fuselage 2 in the falling rain gauge 1 according to the above-described embodiment in the shape of the fuselage 2C. The rain sensor 21 is attached to an attachment 31 wound around the upper outer periphery of the body 2 with the comb-shaped electrode pattern 21b facing upward.

Also with the falling rain gauge 1C according to the second modification, the rain sensor 21 detects a slight rainfall that is less than the rainfall that the fall 7 falls down, and can detect the start of rain. It becomes like this.

In the above-described

overturning rain gauges

1A, 1B, and 1C, the case where the rain sensor 21 detects rainfall by the comb resistance method has been described. However, the rain detection method of the rain sensor 21 is not limited to this, and an optical method for detecting rain by detecting raindrop particles with light, or a dielectric sandwiched between electrodes of a capacitor by moisture. It may be a capacitance type that detects rainfall by detecting a change in dielectric constant.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Falling rain gauge, 2 ... Body, 3 ... Water receiver, 4 ... Funnel, 5 ... Measuring part, 6 ... Filter, 6a ... 1st filter, 6a1 ... Outflow end, 6a2 ... Groove , 6b ... second drainer, 6b1 ... mounting portion, 6b11 ... mounting hole, 6b2 ... holder portion, 6b3 ... container-like portion, 6b31 ... water receiving end, 6b32 ... outflow end, 6b33 ... groove, 6b4 ... adapter portion , 6b41 ... groove, 6c ... first water conduit (first water conduit), 6d ... second water conduit (second water conduit), 6e ... auxiliary water conduit, 6e1 ... base, 6e2 ... tip, 6e3 ... ridge 7 ... Tumble over, 7a, 7b ... Must, 8 ... Board, 9 ... Shaft, 10 ... Weight, 11 ... Stopper, 12 ... Drain tube, 13 ... Base, 14 ... Mount, 21 ... Rain sensor 21a ... substrate, 21b ... comb electrode pattern, 21c ... connector

Claims

Alternately, a receiver that receives rainwater that falls, a drainer that drops dripping while suppressing the flow of rainwater received by the receiver, and a pair of rainwater that drops from the drainer alternately In a falling rain gauge with a falling and falling waterfall every time a certain amount is collected and collected,
The drainage device is provided with an inclination with respect to the falling direction of rainwater received from the water receiver, and has a bowl-shaped first drainage that changes the flow direction of rainwater received from the water receiver to receive rainwater. And the rainwater falling from the first drainage device is inclined with respect to the falling direction of the rainwater flowing out of the first drainage device and changing the direction of falling rainwater to the direction of falling. A first container having a bottomed container-like portion with a receiving end covering the periphery of the outflow end of the first drainage unit and an opening formed at the outflow end. A falling rain gauge characterized by comprising two drainers.
2. The overturning rain gauge according to claim 1, wherein the first drainage device is narrowed in the width of the bowl-shaped portion on the outflow end side.
The first drain has a first conduit in the bowl-shaped portion along the streak of rainwater and the tip protrudes from the outflow end thereof, and the second drain has the first conduit. Along the streak of rainwater that hangs down from the water channel, the inner wall of the container-like portion that inclines toward the tumbling side has a second water channel that protrudes from the outflow end to the upper side of the tumbling point. The overturning rain gauge according to claim 1 or 2.
At least one of the first water conduit or the second water conduit is made of a wire rod attached to the first water filter or the second water filter so that the position of the first water channel or the second water path can be adjusted in a direction along a line where rainwater flows down. The tipping rain gauge according to claim 3, wherein the tipping rain gauge is configured.
The tip-type rain gauge according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the first water conduit and the second water conduit are subjected to a hydrophilic treatment on the surface thereof.
The first water conduit is inclined approximately 70 ° with respect to the falling direction of rainwater received from the water receiver, and the second water conduit is inclined approximately 35 ° with respect to the falling direction of rainwater received from the water receiver. The overturning rain gauge according to any one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that:
The second drain is provided alongside the second water conduit below the second water conduit protruding from the outflow end thereof, and assists the rain water falling from the second water conduit to fall over. The overturning rain gauge according to any one of claims 3 to 6, further comprising a water conduit.
The overturning rain gauge according to any one of claims 1 to 7, further comprising a rain sensor that detects rainfall with a rainfall that is less than the amount of rain that falls over.
9. The overturning rain gauge according to claim 8, wherein the rain sensor is installed at a position in the first drainer where rainwater dripping from the water receiver hits a rain sensitive part. 10. .