JP6936538B2 - Falling rain gauge - Google Patents

Description

The present invention includes a water receiver that receives falling rainwater, a water filter that drops rainwater received by the water receiver, and a fall that collects rainwater that drops from the water filter and falls. It is about the storm gauge.

Conventionally, as this type of overturning rain gauge, for example, there is one provided with a rain gauge filter disclosed in Patent Document 1.

This rain gauge filter consists of a conical funnel and a pipe, and the pipe is inserted from the pipe insertion port formed on the lower edge of the funnel, and the pipe is integrally formed along the inner wall of the funnel. be. The water receiving port of the rain gauge filter is positioned so as to tilt forward, and the front part of the water receiving port is cut out to provide a water flow port. In addition, a guide ridge made of wire is provided from the water flow port to the drain port of the pipe along the outer wall of the funnel. The drainage port of the pipe is opened in the direction of the inclined front surface of the funnel, and is provided so that rainwater flowing down the guide ridge provided on the outer wall of the funnel can easily flow in.

The rainwater received by the water receiver of the fall-type rain gauge is collected by the above-mentioned rain gauge filter, and its kinetic energy is weakened so that it can be stably flowed to fall. At the same time, dust such as sand contained in the collected rainwater is settled in the funnel, and the supernatant is guided from the water inlet of the pipe through the inside of the pipe to overturn. At this time, if suspended matter flows into the pipe and becomes clogged, rainwater does not pass through the pipe, and the rain gauge filter overflows. However, the overflowing rainwater is guided to the drainage port at the bottom edge of the funnel receiving port, flows down to the drainage port of the pipe along the guide ridge provided on the outer wall of the funnel, and falls. Be guided.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2000-249774

However, in recent years, disasters and damages due to local heavy rains and torrential rains have frequently occurred, and when the rainfall value increases due to local heavy rains and torrential rains, the rainwater that overflows the funnel gains momentum and the rainwater flows out. It does not flow down along the guide ridge, but jumps out of the water outlet and falls over. For this reason, when the value of rainfall becomes large, it becomes difficult to continuously and accurately measure the rainfall with the rain gauge filter provided in the conventional overturning rain gauge. Further, in the above-mentioned conventional rain gauge filter, maintenance work for periodically removing dust such as sand settled in the funnel is required, and it takes time and effort to operate the overturning rain gauge.

The present invention has been made to solve such a problem.
A water receiver that receives falling rainwater, a water filter that suppresses the flow of rainwater received by the water receiver and drops it, and a pair of rainwater that drops from the water filter are alternately stored. In the fall-type rain gauge, which is equipped with a fall-type rain gauge that falls and discharges water every time a certain amount of water accumulates.
The filter is provided at an angle with respect to the falling direction of the rainwater received from the water receiver, and the gutter-shaped portion on the outflow end side is shaped like a gutter that changes the flow direction of the rainwater received from the water receiver to allow the rainwater to flow. The width of the first filter is narrowed down, and the first filter is provided with an inclination with respect to the falling direction of the rainwater received from the first filter. A bottomless container in which the receiving end covers the outflow end of the first filter and an opening is formed at the outflow end. It is characterized in that it is composed of a second water filter having a shaped portion.

According to this configuration, the rainwater received from the water receiver to the water filter is first received by the gutter-shaped first water filter, and the flow direction thereof is the first filter water. By being changed by the inclination of the vessel, the flow force is suppressed and the water is poured into the second filter. Since the circumference of the outflow end of the first filter is covered with the water receiving end of the container-like portion from which the bottom of the second filter has come out, the second from the outflow end of the first filter The rainwater poured into the filter is taken into the second filter without jumping out of the filter. The rainwater taken into the second filter was further suppressed in flow by the inclination attached to the second filter, and was formed at the bottom of the container-like part of the second filter. Guided to fall from the opening.

Therefore, even if the amount of rain increases due to local heavy rain or concentrated heavy rain and the amount of rainwater received from the water receiver to the filter becomes large, the rainwater received from the water receiver to the filter The flow of the second filter is suppressed while passing through the first filter and the second filter, and the second filter is surrounded by the container-like part of the second filter and does not scatter around. Guided to the outflow end of the water vessel. For this reason, even if the rainfall value increases due to local heavy rain or torrential rain, the rainwater received from the water receiver to the filter will surely be poured into the fall and will continue to fall. Rainfall will be measured accurately.

Further, even if the rainwater received from the water receiver to the water filter contains dust such as sand, the dust is not settled in the water filter as in the conventional case, and the first water filter and the first water filter It flows through the second filter with rainwater and is discharged to the outside. For this reason, unlike the conventional water filter, maintenance work for periodically removing the dust settled in the funnel becomes unnecessary, and the overturning rain gauge can be easily operated. It should be noted that although the dust goes through a fall when it is discharged to the outside, it is discharged in a very small amount before the dust accumulates and becomes a lump, so there is no problem in measuring the amount of rainfall. Further, if the dust is discharged as a lump, the data can be processed as an abnormal value of the swing of falling.

According to this configuration, the rainwater flowing through the first filter is narrowed in the width of the gutter-shaped portion on the outflow end side of the first filter, so that the water level rises at the outflow end and the water speed is increased. Speeds up. Therefore, the dust contained in the rainwater flowing through the first filter does not stay in the first filter, but surely flows out from the first filter to the second filter together with the rainwater. Therefore, the dust that enters the water filter from the water receiver is surely discharged to the outside without staying in the water filter.

Further, in the present invention, the first water filter has a first headrace in a gutter-shaped portion along the streak in which rainwater flows and the tip of which protrudes from the outflow end, and the second water filter has a gutter-shaped portion. It is characterized by having the second headrace, whose tip protrudes from the outflow end to the upper part of the fall along the flowing line of rainwater dripping from the first headrace, on the inner wall of the container-shaped part that inclines toward the fall. ..

According to this configuration, the rainwater flowing down the first filter flows turbulently in the gutter-shaped portion and flows along the first headrace in the gutter-shaped portion without jumping out from the gutter-shaped portion, and the first It is surely guided into the second streamer from the first headrace protruding from the outflow end of the streamer. The rainwater that is guided into the second filter through the first headrace drips into the second headrace on the inner wall of the container-shaped part that inclines toward tipping over. Therefore, the rainwater guided into the second filter flows along the second headrace without disturbing the inner wall wall surface of the container-shaped portion, and the second guide protruding from the outflow end of the second filter. It will surely fall from the waterway and will be guided inward. Therefore, the rainwater received from the water receiver to the filter will be more reliably poured into the fall.

Further, in the present invention, at least one of the first headrace and the second headrace is freely attached to the first water filter or the second water filter so that the position can be freely adjusted in the direction along the streak in which rainwater flows. It is characterized by being composed of wire rods.

According to this configuration, the first headrace is composed of a wire rod attached to the first water filter so that the position can be freely adjusted in the direction along the line through which rainwater flows. It is possible to adjust the position of the tip of the first headrace protruding from the outflow end relative to the second headrace in the second filter. Therefore, rainwater can be reliably dripped from the tip of the first headrace to the second headrace. In addition, the second headrace is composed of a wire rod that can be freely adjusted in position along the line through which rainwater flows and is attached to the second water filter, so that it protrudes from the outflow end of the second water filter. It becomes possible to adjust the relative position of the tip of the second headrace with respect to the overturn. Therefore, rainwater can be reliably dropped from the tip of the second headrace to fall.

Further, the present invention is characterized in that the surfaces of the first headrace and the second headrace are subjected to hydrophilic treatment.

According to this configuration, the rainwater flowing through the first and second headraces does not separate from the first and second headraces in the middle of the flow, and is surely the first headrace and the second headrace. Flows along. Therefore, the rainwater received from the water receiver to the filter flows stably through the first headrace and the second headrace, and is stably guided to fall.

Further, in the present invention, the first headrace is inclined by approximately 70 ° with respect to the falling direction of rainwater received from the water receiver, and the second headrace is approximately 35 ° with respect to the falling direction of rainwater received from the water receiver. It is characterized in that it is provided at an angle.

According to this configuration, by setting each inclination of the first headrace and the second headrace to a predetermined angle, the rainwater received from the water receiver has a sufficient time to suppress the water force. The filter is set to the optimum condition in which the dust contained in the rainwater flows through the filter and is discharged to the water without staying in the filter.

Further, in the present invention, the second water filter is provided alongside the second headrace below the second headrace protruding from the outflow end, and guides the rainwater spilling from the second headrace to overturn. It is characterized by having an auxiliary headrace.

According to this configuration, even if rainwater spills from the second headrace, the spilled rainwater is picked up by the auxiliary headrace and guided to fall. For this reason, the auxiliary headrace ensures a sustainable and accurate measurement of rainfall due to a fall.

The present invention is also characterized in that it includes a rain sensor that detects rainfall in a amount of rainfall that is less than the amount of rainfall that falls but falls.

According to this configuration, the rain sensor can detect rainfall with a small amount of rainfall, which is less than the amount of rainfall that falls but falls, and can detect the start of rain.

Further, the present invention is characterized in that the rain sensor is installed at a position in the first filter where rainwater dripping from the water receiver hits the rain sensitive portion.

According to this configuration, the rainfall is collected by the water receiver and guided to the rain sensitive part of the rain sensor, and the rain water that falls is reliably detected by the rain sensor. Therefore, it is possible to reliably detect the start of rain.

According to the present invention, even if the rainfall value becomes large due to local heavy rain, torrential rain, etc., the rainwater received from the water receiver to the filter can be continuously and accurately measured, and moreover, it can be measured regularly. It is possible to provide a torrential rain gauge that does not require maintenance work and can be easily operated.

(A) is a perspective view of a body constituting the overturning rain gauge according to the embodiment of the present invention, and (b) shows the internal configuration of the overturning rain gauge according to the embodiment with the body removed. It is a perspective view. (A) is a side view showing the internal configuration of the overturning rain gauge according to the embodiment in which the body is removed, and (b) is the case where the funnel is removed from the overturning rain gauge in the state shown in (a). It is a plan view of. (A) is a perspective view of a water filter constituting the overturning rain gauge according to one embodiment, (b) is a front view, and (c) is a side view. (A) is a perspective view of the first water filter constituting the water filter shown in FIG. 3, and (b) is a plan view. (A) is a perspective view from above of the auxiliary headrace constituting the filter shown in FIG. 3, (b) is a front view, and (c) is a perspective view from below. (A) is a front view of the water filter when the auxiliary headrace is removed from the water filter shown in FIG. 3, (b) is a side view, and (c) is a line AA of the second water filter. It is a cross-sectional view taken along the line of the broken arrow. (A) is a partially broken side view showing the internal configuration of the overturning rain gauge according to another embodiment in which the fuselage is removed, and (b) is a plan view. (A) is a plan view of a rain sensor constituting the overturning rain gauge according to another embodiment shown in FIG. 7, (b) is a side view, and (c) is configured using this rain sensor. It is a block block diagram of the rain start time detection circuit. (A) is a plan view of a filter constituting the overturning rain gauge according to the first modification of another embodiment, (b) is a front view, and (c) is BB of this filter. It is a cross-sectional view of a line breaking arrow. (A) is a front view of the overturning rain gauge according to the second modification of another embodiment, and (b) is a plan view.

Next, a mode for carrying out the overturning rain gauge according to the present invention will be described.

FIG. 1A is a perspective view of a body constituting the outer shell of the overturning rain gauge 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention. The overturning rain gauge 1 is covered with a fuselage 2. FIG. 1B is a perspective view showing the internal configuration of the overturning rain gauge 1 with the body 2 removed, and FIG. 2A is a side view thereof. The overturning rain gauge 1 is composed of a water receiver 3 that receives falling rainwater and a measuring unit 5 that measures the rainwater received by the water receiver. The water receiver 3 is composed of a funnel 4 having a conical shape. FIG. 2B is a plan view when the funnel 4 is removed from the overturning rain gauge 1 in the state shown in FIGS. 1B and 2A. The measuring unit 5 is composed of a water filter 6, an overturning 7, a substrate 8, a shaft 9, a weight 10, a stopper 11, a drainage cylinder 12, a base 13, and the like.

The water filter 6 is attached to the substrate 8 by the attachment 14. The substrate 8 is erected on a disk-shaped base 13. The filter 6 receives the rainwater received by the funnel 4 and drops the received rainwater onto the overturning 7. The fall 7 is composed of a pair of squares 7a and 7b symmetrically provided about the axis 9. A predetermined amount of rainwater dripping from the filter 6 is alternately stored in the pair of masu 7a and 7b. Every time a certain amount of rainwater collects in one of the 7a and 7b, the falling 7 falls and swings around the shaft 9.

The shaft 9 is provided so as to penetrate the side surface of the overturning 7. The swing center on the axis 9 of the fall 7 is provided above the bottom surface of the fall 7, and the swing of the fall 7 is urged by the weight 10. The weight 10 has a rectangular parallelepiped shape, and is provided on the side of the falling 7 above the swing center of the falling 7. Further, a pair of stoppers 11 and 11 are provided below each of the 7a and 7b. The swing of the falling 7 is stopped by receiving the lower surfaces of the 7a and 7b, respectively, by the pair of stoppers 11 and 11.

When the falling 7 swings, the rainwater collected in each of the 7a and 7b is discharged to the pair of drainage cylinders 12 and 12. The number of swings of 7 is counted by the number of pulses emitted by a reed switch (not shown), and the amount of rainfall is measured. In the present embodiment, the diameter of the water receiver 3 is 200 mm, and the overturning rain gauge 1 emits one pulse signal every time the rainfall of 0.5 mm is measured.

The water filter 6 in the measuring unit 5 configured as described above is shown in a perspective view in FIG. 3A, a front view in FIG. 3B, and a side view in FIG. 3C. The water filter 6 is composed of a first water filter 6a, a second water filter 6b, a first water line 6c, a second water line 6d, and an auxiliary water channel 6e, and receives water by the water receiver 3. Suppress the flow of rainwater and drop it. Drop it on 7.

The first water filter 6a has a perspective view shown in FIG. 4A and a plan view shown in FIG. 4B, and has a gutter shape in which a cylindrical tube is cut in half in the central axis direction, and is made of resin. It is formed. In the present embodiment, in the first water filter 6a, the width W of the gutter-shaped portion is narrowed to the width w (W> w) on the side of the outflow end 6a1, and the width of the gutter-shaped portion is narrowed. The cross-sectional area of the tip of the gutter-shaped portion is smaller than that of the base of the gutter-shaped portion having a width W. The first filter 6a has a first headrace line 6c whose tip protrudes from the outflow end 6a1 along the valley line of the gutter-shaped portion through which rainwater flows, as a first headrace in the gutter-shaped portion. The first headrace 6c is formed in a pin shape by a stainless steel wire having a diameter of about 2 mm, and is fitted into a groove 6a2 formed linearly along a streak in which rainwater flows down at the valley bottom of a gutter-shaped portion. By sliding the first headrace 6c along the groove 6a2, the position can be freely adjusted in the direction along the streaks of rainwater flowing down, and the first water conduit 6c is adhered to the first water filter 6a with an adhesive. It is attached.

As shown in FIG. 3 (c), the first water filter 6a is a rain gauge in which the first water guide line 6c falls at approximately 70 ° with respect to the falling direction of rainwater received from the water receiver 3, in other words. It is provided at an angle of approximately 20 ° with respect to the installation surface of No. 1, and the flow direction of rainwater received from the water receiver 3 is changed along the first headrace line 6c to allow rainwater to flow.

As shown in FIG. 3, the second water filter 6b is provided at the attachment portion 6b1 to the substrate 8, the gutter-shaped holder portion 6b2 extending from the attachment portion 6b1, and the tip of the holder portion 6b2. It is composed of a container-shaped portion 6b3 and an adapter portion 6b4 formed on the outer wall of the container-shaped portion 6b3, and is formed of a resin. The mounting portion 6b1 has a plate shape, and the mounting tool 14 is inserted into the mounting hole 6b11 opened on the plate surface and mounted on the substrate 8. The holder portion 6b2 houses the first water filter 6a in the gutter-shaped portion, and the outflow end 6a1 at the tip of the first water filter 6a is projected from the holder portion 6b2 to the container-shaped portion 6b3. The container-shaped portion 6b3 has a container-like shape with a bottom, and a water receiving end 6b31 having an elliptical opening upward covers the periphery of the outflow end 6a1 of the first filter 6a. Further, the container-shaped portion 6b3 has an opening formed at the outflow end 6b32 at the bottom thereof. This opening is formed in an elliptical shape smaller than the opening of the water receiving end 6b31. Further, the area of this opening is set to be about twice the cross-sectional area of the gutter-shaped portion base portion having a width W in the first water filter 6a.

The container-shaped portion 6b3 is integrally formed with the adapter portion 6b4 protruding from the outer wall that is inclined toward the tipping 7. The resin auxiliary headrace 6e shown in FIG. 5 is fitted into the adapter portion 6b4 as shown in FIG. The front view of the water filter 6 in a state where the auxiliary headrace 6e is removed is shown in FIG. 6A, and the side view is shown in FIG. 6B. Further, a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of the second water filter 6b from which the first water filter 6a is removed from the water filter 6 in the state shown in FIG. 6 (a) is shown in FIG. 6 (c). Shown. The adapter portion 6b4 has a substantially crescent-shaped cross section protruding from the outer wall of the container-shaped portion 6b3 so as to cover the recess that narrows toward the bottom of the container-shaped portion 6b3 as it approaches the outflow end 6b32 side of the container-shaped portion 6b3. Both sides are protruding and curved. A groove 6b41 is formed on the back side of the adapter portion 6b4 along the longitudinal direction of the adapter portion 6b4. The adapter portion 6b4 may be provided separately from the second water filter 6b and may be configured as a separate component.

FIG. 5A is a perspective view of the auxiliary headrace 6e looking down from diagonally above, FIG. 5B is a front view of the auxiliary headrace 6e, and FIG. 5C is a perspective view of the auxiliary headrace 6e looking up from diagonally below. It is a figure. The auxiliary headrace 6e also has a substantially crescent-shaped cross section like the adapter portion 6b4, and the base portion 6e1 attached to the water receiving end 6b31 side of the container-shaped portion 6b3 is thick, and the tip attached to the outflow end 6b32 side. The thickness of the part 6e2 is thin. Further, in the center of the curved inner side of the base portion 6e1, a ridge portion 6e3 extends along the longitudinal direction of the auxiliary headrace 6e. The auxiliary headrace 6e is fixed to the back side of the adapter portion 6b4 as shown in FIG. 3 by fitting the convex portion 6e3 into the groove 6b41 of the adapter portion 6b4 and press-fitting it, or by adhering it. ..

As shown in FIG. 6 (c), a groove 6b33 is formed on the inner wall of the container-shaped portion 6b3 that inclines toward the tipping 7 along the line of rainwater flowing down from the tip of the first headrace 6c. There is. One end of the second headrace 6d is adhered to the groove 6b33 with an adhesive. The other end of the second headrace 6d is assisted as shown in FIG. 3C when the tip protrudes from the outflow end 6b32 of the container-shaped portion 6b3 and the auxiliary headrace 6e is attached to the adapter portion 6b4. It floats from the tip 6e2 of the headrace 6e. That is, a distance is provided between the auxiliary headrace 6e and the tip end side of the second headrace 6d, and a space is formed. When the water filter 6 is attached to the substrate 8, the tip of the second water guide line 6d projects to the upper side of the overturning line 7 as shown in FIG. 2 (a). That is, the second water filter 6b has the second water guide line 6d on the inner wall of the container-shaped portion 6b3 that inclines toward the tipping 7 along the flow line of rainwater dripping from the tip of the first water guide line 6c. 2 It has as a headrace. The second headrace 6d is also formed in a pin shape by a stainless steel wire having a diameter of about 2 mm. By sliding the second headrace line 6d along the groove 6b33 formed in the inner wall of the container-shaped portion 6b3, the position of the second headrace line 6d can be freely adjusted in the direction along the line through which the rainwater flows.

The second water filter 6b has a second direction as shown in FIG. 3 (c) with respect to the falling direction of the rainwater received from the first water filter 6a, that is, the falling direction of the rainwater received from the water receiver 3. The water guide line 6d is provided with an inclination of approximately 35 °. Then, the rainwater flowing out of the first filter 6a is changed in the direction of falling along the second headrace 6d, and the rainwater flowing out of the first filter 6a is dropped on the falling 7. Let me. Further, in the second water filter 6b, an auxiliary headrace 6e is provided below the second headrace 6d protruding from the outflow end 6b32 of the container-shaped portion 6b3 along with the second headrace 6d, and the auxiliary headrace 6e is provided. Leads the rainwater spilling from the 2nd headrace 6d to overturn 7.

In the present embodiment, the surfaces of the first headrace 6c and the second headrace 6d are subjected to hydrophilic treatment. In this hydrophilic treatment, porous Cr plating or baking coating of a super-hydrophilic paint is performed on each surface of the first water-conducting wire 6c and the second water-conducting wire 6d to form a film on each surface. And it will be done. Further, the tips of the first headrace line 6c and the second headrace line 6d have a hemispherical shape in the present embodiment. However, each tip may be sharpened by cutting it diagonally.

According to the overturning rain gauge 1 according to the present embodiment, the rainwater received from the water receiver 3 to the water filter 6 first receives the first water filter 6a having a gutter shape. The flow direction is changed by the inclination of the first water filter 6a, so that the flow force is suppressed and the water is poured into the second water filter 6b. Since the periphery of the outflow end 6a1 of the first water filter 6a is covered with the water receiving end 6b31 of the container-shaped portion 6b3 of the second water filter 6b, the outflow end 6a1 of the first water filter 6a The rainwater poured from the second filter 6b into the second filter 6b is taken into the second filter 6b without jumping out of the filter 6. The rainwater taken into the second filter 6b is further suppressed in flow due to the inclination attached to the second filter 6b, and the bottom of the container-shaped portion 6b3 of the second filter 6b. It is guided to fall 7 from the opening of the outflow end 6b32 formed in.

Therefore, even if the value of the amount of rain increases due to local heavy rain, concentrated heavy rain, etc., and the amount of rainwater received from the water receiver 3 to the water filter 6 becomes large, the water receiver 3 to the water filter 6 receives the water. The flow of rainwater to be water is suppressed while passing through the first filter 6a and the second filter 6b, and the rainwater is surrounded by the container-shaped portion 6b3 of the second filter 6b. It is guided to the outflow end 6b32 of the second filter 6b without scattering. Therefore, even if the rainfall value becomes large due to local heavy rain or torrential rain, the rainwater received from the water receiver 3 to the filter 6 will surely fall down 7 and will fall down 7 Will continue to accurately measure rainfall.

Further, even if the rainwater received from the water receiver 3 to the water filter 6 contains dust such as sand, the dust is not settled in the water filter 6 as in the conventional case, and the first filter is used. The water vessel 6a and the second filter 6b flow together with the rainwater and are discharged to the outside from the drainage pipes 12 and 12. Therefore, unlike the conventional water filter, the maintenance work for periodically removing the dust settled in the funnel becomes unnecessary, and the overturning rain gauge 1 can be easily operated. It should be noted that when the dust is discharged to the outside, it goes through the overturning 7, but in a very small amount before the dust accumulates and becomes a lump, the overturning 7 swings through the drainage cylinders 12 and 12. Since it is discharged to the outside, there is no problem in measuring the amount of rainfall with the overturning rain gauge 1. Further, if the dust is discharged as a lump, the data can be processed as an abnormal value of the swing of falling over 7.

Further, according to the overturning rain gauge 1 according to the present embodiment, the width W of the gutter-shaped portion of the first filter 6a is the width of the rainwater flowing through the first filter 6a on the side of the outflow end 6a1. By narrowing down to w (W> w), the water level rises at the outflow end 6a1 and the water speed increases. Therefore, the dust contained in the rainwater flowing through the first filter 6a is surely transferred from the first filter 6a to the second filter 6b together with the rainwater without staying in the first filter 6a. leak. Therefore, the dust that enters the water filter 6 from the water receiver 3 is surely discharged to the outside without staying in the water filter 6.

Further, according to the overturning rain gauge 1 according to the present embodiment, the rainwater flowing down the first filter 6a is turbulently flowing in the gutter-shaped portion and is present in the gutter-shaped portion without jumping out from the gutter-shaped portion. It flows along the first water guide line 6c and is surely guided into the second water flow device 6b from the first water line 6c protruding from the outflow end 6a1 of the first water filter 6. The rainwater guided through the first headrace 6c into the second filter 6b drips onto the second headrace 6d on the inner wall of the container-shaped portion 6b3 that inclines toward the overturning 7. Therefore, the rainwater guided into the second water filter 6b flows along the second water guide line 6d without disturbing the inner wall wall surface of the container-shaped portion 6b3, and flows from the outflow end 6b32 of the second water filter 6b. It is guided into 7 which surely falls from the protruding second headrace 6d. Therefore, the rainwater received from the water receiver 3 to the water filter 6 is more reliably poured into the fall 7.

Further, according to the overturning rain gauge 1 according to the present embodiment, the first headrace is attached to the first water filter 6a so that the position of the first headrace can be freely adjusted in the direction along the line through which the rainwater flows. By being composed of 6c, it is possible to adjust the position of the tip of the first headrace protruding from the outflow end 6a1 of the first water filter 6a with respect to the second headrace in the second water filter 6b. It will be possible. Therefore, rainwater can be reliably dripped from the tip of the first headrace to the second headrace. Further, the second water conduit is composed of the second water guide line 6d which is freely attached to the second water filter 6b so that the position can be freely adjusted in the direction along the streak where the rainwater flows down. It is possible to adjust the position of the tip of the second headrace protruding from the outflow end 6b32 of 6b with respect to the overturning 7. Therefore, rainwater can be reliably dropped from the tip of the second headrace to the fall 7.

Further, according to the overturning rain gauge 1 according to the present embodiment, the rainwater flowing along the first headrace line 6c and the second headrace line 6d on the surface of which the hydrophilic treatment is applied is the first headrace line in the middle of flowing. It surely flows along the first headrace 6c and the second headrace 6d without leaving the 6c and the second headrace 6d. Therefore, the rainwater received from the water receiver 3 to the water filter 6 flows stably along the first headrace line 6c and the second headrace line 6d, and is stably guided to the overturning 7.

Further, according to the overturning rain gauge 1 according to the present embodiment, the inclinations of the first headrace line 6c and the second headrace line 6d are set to predetermined angles of about 70 ° and about 35 °. The rainwater received from the water receiver 3 flows in the filter 6 for a time sufficient to suppress the water force, and the dust contained in the rainwater falls without staying in the filter 6 to 7. The water filter 6 is set in the optimum state for being discharged.

Further, according to the fall-type rain gauge 1 according to the present embodiment, even if rainwater spills from the second headrace 6d, the spilling rainwater is picked up by the auxiliary headrace 6e and guided to fall 7. The auxiliary headrace 6e is not always necessary, but the provision of the auxiliary headrace 6e ensures continuous and accurate measurement of rainfall due to the fall 7.

In order to confirm the above-mentioned effect of the overturning rain gauge 1 according to the present embodiment, water having an amount of water corresponding to an hourly rainfall of 50 to 200 mm is injected into the water filter 6 with an electromagnetic metering pump, and the water is filtered. It was verified by mixing it with water to inject sand or twigs that could infiltrate vessel 6. As a result, it was confirmed that the sand and twigs were discharged to the outside without accumulating in the water filter 6, and the falling rain gauge 1 measured the rainfall accurately and continuously without becoming unmeasurable.

In the above embodiment, the case where the first headrace and the second headrace are composed of the first headrace 6c and the second headrace 6d formed by the stainless steel pins has been described. However, the first headrace and the second headrace are not limited to wire rods such as stainless steel pins, and are integrally molded with the resin forming the first water filter 6a and the second water filter 6b. It may be configured from. Also in this case, it is preferable to apply a hydrophilic treatment to the surface of the linear path.

Further, in the above embodiment, the case where the first water guide line 6c and the second water guide line 6d are subjected to the hydrophilic treatment has been described, but the first water filter 6a and the second water filter 6b itself, and further. May be configured so that the surface of the auxiliary headrace 6e is also subjected to a hydrophilic treatment.

Further, in the above embodiment, the case where the first water guide line 6c and the second water guide line 6d are fixed to the first water flow device 6a and the second water flow device 6b with an adhesive has been described. It may be configured to be fixed by fitting by press-fitting into the grooves 6a2 and 6b33 formed in the water filter 6a and the second water filter 6b. Further, although the case where the first water filter 6a, the second water filter 6b and the auxiliary headrace 6e are made of resin in the above embodiment has been described, they may be made of metal. In this case, the first headrace 6c and the second headrace 6d can be welded and fixed to the first water filter 6a and the second water filter 6b.

In the above embodiment, a tipping rain gauge having a water receiver having a diameter of 200 mm and a structure that emits a pulse signal for every 0.5 mm of rainfall has been described. However, the present invention can be similarly applied to a type of overturning rain gauge that emits a pulse signal every 0.1 mm or 1 mm, and the same effect as that of the above embodiment is exhibited.

FIG. 7 shows a tipping rain gauge 1A according to another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 7A is a partially broken side view showing the internal configuration of the tipping rain gauge 1A with the fuselage 2 removed. FIG. 7B is a plan view. The partially broken side view shown in FIG. 7A is a cross-sectional view in which only the portion of the funnel 4A constituting the water receiver 3 is partially broken. In FIG. 7, the same or corresponding parts as those in FIG. 2 are designated by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted.

In the overturning rain gauge 1A according to the other embodiment, the shape of the funnel 4A is different from the funnel 4 in the overturning rain gauge 1 according to the above embodiment, and the cylindrical portion is above the conical portion. It has an integrated shape. A rain sensor 21 is attached above the inner wall of the conical portion that directly receives rainwater with a comb-shaped electrode pattern 21b, which will be described later, facing upward. In the present embodiment, the rain sensor 21 detects rainfall by a comb-shaped resistance method, and its appearance is shown in the plan view of FIG. 8 (a) and the side view of FIG. 8 (b).

The rain sensor 21 is configured by forming a comb-shaped electrode pattern 21b on a substrate 21a with a metal conductor. The portion of the comb-shaped electrode pattern 21b constitutes a rain-sensitive portion for detecting rainfall. A connector 21c is provided on the substrate 21a, and the comb-shaped electrode pattern 21b is connected to the control circuit 22 via the connector 21c as shown in FIG. 8C. FIG. 8C is a block configuration diagram of a rain start time detection circuit configured by using the rain sensor 21. The control circuit 22 is composed of a single board computer such as an Aruduino or a Raspberry Pi, and operates by receiving power from the battery 23.

In the present embodiment, the control circuit 22 applies an AC voltage to the comb-shaped electrode pattern 21b of the rain-sensitive sensor 21 and measures the resistance change between the comb-shaped electrode patterns 21b to detect rainfall. The resistance value between the comb-shaped electrode patterns 21b measured by the control circuit 22 is output to the data logger 24 together with the measurement time, and the time change is recorded in the data logger 24. The rain start time is read from the time change of the resistance value between the comb-shaped electrode patterns 21b recorded in the data logger 24. The control circuit 22 and the data logger 24 are housed in a control box or the like installed in the vicinity of the overturning rain gauge 1A.

According to the fall-type rain gauge 1A according to the other embodiment, the rain-sensing sensor 21 detects a slight amount of rainfall, which is less than the amount of rain in which the fall 7 falls, and detects the start of rain. You will be able to do it.

FIG. 9 shows the feeling of the overturning rain gauge 1B according to the first modification in which the installation position of the rain sensor 21 in the overturning rain gauge 1A is changed to the inside of the first filter 6a instead of the inside of the funnel 4A. It is a figure which shows the installation state of the rain sensor 21. 9 (a) is a plan view of the water filter 6 in the overturning rain gauge 1B according to the first modification, FIG. 9 (b) is a front view, and FIG. 9 (c) is FIG. 9 (a). It is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB of the water filter 6 shown in 1. In FIG. 9, the same or corresponding parts as those in FIG. 3 are designated by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted.

In the overturning rain gauge 1B according to the first modification, the rain sensor 21 has a comb-shaped electrode pattern 21b in which rainwater dripping from the water receiver 3 constitutes a rain-sensitive portion in the first filter 6a. It is installed at the position corresponding to. Further, the rain sensor 21 is installed in the first water filter 6a at an inclination angle so that sand and dust falling from the water receiver 3 to the substrate 21a do not remain on the substrate 21a. According to this configuration, rainfall is collected by the water receiver 3 and guided to the comb-shaped electrode pattern 21b of the rain sensor 21, and the rain water that falls is reliably detected by the rain sensor 21. Therefore, it is possible to reliably detect the start of rain.

Regarding the overturning rain gauge 1B according to the first modification above, water is injected into the water receiver 3 using a metering pump that can continuously discharge a constant flow without pulsation, and the minimum rainfall that can be detected by the rain sensor 21. Was measured by a test method according to the Japanese Industrial Standard JIS B7309-1982. In this measurement, the amount of water injected into the water receiver 3 was reduced in 0.1 mm increments from a flow rate equivalent to 1 mm of rainfall to 0.9 mm, 0.8 mm, 0.7 mm, .... As a result, the rain sensor 21 detected water injection, that is, rainfall even at a flow rate equivalent to 0.1 mm of rainfall. In the fall-type rain gauge 1B, the diameter of the water receiver 3 is 200 mm and the fall 7 has a fall rainfall of 0.5 mm. It was confirmed that it was detected by the sensor 21. That is, according to the fall-type rain gauge 1B, it was confirmed that the rain sensor 21 can reliably detect the start of rain.

FIG. 10 shows the rain sensor 21 in the falling rain gauge 1C according to the second modification in which the installation position of the rain sensor 21 in the falling rain gauge 1A is changed to the side of the fuselage 2C instead of the inside of the funnel 4A. It is a figure which shows the installation state of. FIG. 10A is a front view of the overturning rain gauge 1C according to the second modification, and FIG. 10B is a plan view. In FIG. 10, the same or corresponding parts as those in FIG. 1 are designated by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted.

The overturning rain gauge 1C according to the second modification has a small cylindrical shape unlike the body 2 in the overturning rain gauge 1 according to the above embodiment. The rain sensor 21 is attached to an attachment 31 wound around the upper outer periphery of the body 2 with the comb-shaped electrode pattern 21b facing upward.

Even with the fall-type rain gauge 1C according to the second modification, the rain-sensing sensor 21 can detect the start of rain by detecting a small amount of rainfall, which is less than the amount of rain in which the fall 7 falls. Will be.

In the above-mentioned fall-type rain gauges 1A, 1B, and 1C, the case where the rain sensor 21 detects rainfall by the comb-shaped resistance method has been described. However, the rainfall detection method of the rain sensitive sensor 21 is not limited to this, and an optical method for detecting rainfall by detecting raindrop particles with light or a dielectric sandwiched between the electrodes of a capacitor is caused by moisture. It may be a capacitance type that detects rainfall by detecting a change in the dielectric constant.

1 ... Overturning rain gauge, 2 ... Body, 3 ... Water receiver, 4 ... Funnel, 5 ... Weighing unit, 6 ... Water filter, 6a ... First water filter, 6a1 ... Outflow end, 6a2 ... Groove , 6b ... 2nd filter, 6b1 ... Mounting part, 6b11 ... Mounting hole, 6b2 ... Holder part, 6b3 ... Container-shaped part, 6b31 ... Water receiving end, 6b32 ... Outflow end, 6b33 ... Groove, 6b4 ... Adapter part , 6b41 ... Groove, 6c ... 1st headrace (1st headrace), 6d ... 2nd headrace (2nd headrace), 6e ... Auxiliary headrace, 6e1 ... Base, 6e2 ... Tip, 6e3 ... Convex Part, 7 ... Tumble, 7a, 7b ... Masu, 8 ... Board, 9 ... Shaft, 10 ... Weight, 11 ... Stopper, 12 ... Drainage cylinder, 13 ... Base, 14 ... Fixture, 21 ... Rain sensor, 21a ... substrate, 21b ... comb-shaped electrode pattern, 21c ... connector

Claims (8)

A water receiver that receives the falling rainwater, a water filter that suppresses the flow of rainwater received by the water receiver and drops it, and a pair of rainwater that drops from the water receiver alternately. In the fall-type rain gauge, which is equipped with a fall-down type rain gauge that accumulates and discharges water every time a certain amount is accumulated.
The filter is provided at an angle with respect to the falling direction of the rainwater received from the water receiver, and is in the shape of a gutter that changes the flow direction of the rainwater received from the water receiver to allow the rainwater to flow. A first filter in which the width of the gutter-shaped portion is narrowed, and a rainwater flowing down from the first filter, which is provided at an angle with respect to the falling direction of rainwater received from the first filter. The water receiving end covers the outflow end of the first water filter, which changes the direction to the direction of the overturning and drops the rainwater flowing out of the first water filter onto the overturning device, and opens at the outflow end. A tipping-type gutter meter characterized in that it is composed of a second water filter having a bottomless container-like portion formed by. The first water filter has a first water channel in a gutter shape whose tip protrudes from the outflow end along a line through which rainwater flows, and the second water filter has the first guide. It is characterized by having a second headrace having a tip protruding from the outflow end to the upper part of the overturn along the flowing line of rainwater dripping from the waterway on the inner wall of the container-shaped portion inclined toward the overturn. The overturning rain gauge according to claim 1. At least one of the first headrace or the second headrace is from a wire rod attached to the first water filter or the second water filter so that the position can be freely adjusted in a direction along a line through which rainwater flows. The overturning rain gauge according to claim 3, wherein the rain gauge is configured. The overturning rain gauge according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the surface of the first headrace and the second headrace is subjected to a hydrophilic treatment. The first headrace is provided with an inclination of approximately 70 ° with respect to the falling direction of rainwater received from the water receiver, and the second headrace is provided with an inclination of approximately 35 ° with respect to the falling direction of rainwater received from the water receiver. The overturning rain gauge according to any one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that. The second filter is provided alongside the second headrace below the second headrace protruding from its outflow end, and assists in guiding rainwater spilling from the second headrace to the fall. The overturning rain gauge according to any one of claims 3 to 6, further comprising a headrace. The fall-type rain gauge according to any one of claims 1 to 7, further comprising a rain sensor that detects rainfall in a amount of rain that falls but is less than the amount of rain that falls. The overturning rain gauge according to claim 8, wherein the rain sensor is installed at a position in the first filter where rainwater dripping from the water receiver hits the rain sensitive portion. ..

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