WO2019205479A1 - 深水钻井用套管头与环空密封装置下入工具及其使用方法 - Google Patents

深水钻井用套管头与环空密封装置下入工具及其使用方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019205479A1
WO2019205479A1 PCT/CN2018/107292 CN2018107292W WO2019205479A1 WO 2019205479 A1 WO2019205479 A1 WO 2019205479A1 CN 2018107292 W CN2018107292 W CN 2018107292W WO 2019205479 A1 WO2019205479 A1 WO 2019205479A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
piston
sealing device
wall
hole
casing head
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2018/107292
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王宴滨
高德利
房军
曾静
Original Assignee
中国石油大学(北京)
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 中国石油大学(北京) filed Critical 中国石油大学(北京)
Publication of WO2019205479A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019205479A1/zh
Priority to US16/923,429 priority Critical patent/US11203910B2/en

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
    • E21B33/02—Surface sealing or packing
    • E21B33/03—Well heads; Setting-up thereof
    • E21B33/04—Casing heads; Suspending casings or tubings in well heads
    • E21B33/043—Casing heads; Suspending casings or tubings in well heads specially adapted for underwater well heads
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B23/00—Apparatus for displacing, setting, locking, releasing or removing tools, packers or the like in boreholes or wells
    • E21B23/04—Apparatus for displacing, setting, locking, releasing or removing tools, packers or the like in boreholes or wells operated by fluid means, e.g. actuated by explosion
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B23/00—Apparatus for displacing, setting, locking, releasing or removing tools, packers or the like in boreholes or wells
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B23/00—Apparatus for displacing, setting, locking, releasing or removing tools, packers or the like in boreholes or wells
    • E21B23/01—Apparatus for displacing, setting, locking, releasing or removing tools, packers or the like in boreholes or wells for anchoring the tools or the like
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
    • E21B33/10—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells in the borehole
    • E21B33/12—Packers; Plugs
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
    • E21B33/10—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells in the borehole
    • E21B33/13—Methods or devices for cementing, for plugging holes, crevices or the like
    • E21B33/14—Methods or devices for cementing, for plugging holes, crevices or the like for cementing casings into boreholes
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B34/00—Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells
    • E21B34/02—Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells in well heads
    • E21B34/04—Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells in well heads in underwater well heads
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E21B7/12—Underwater drilling
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K11/00—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves
    • F16K11/02—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of marine deep water drilling, in particular to a casing head and annulus sealing device running tool for deep water drilling and a using method thereof.
  • the subsea wellhead system is the basic component of deepwater drilling, completion, oil recovery, etc.
  • the multi-layer casing head and the annulus sealing device are installed inside the underwater wellhead.
  • the casing head is used to suspend the casing, and the casing string weight is applied to
  • a sealing device is used to seal the annular space between the casing head and the subsea wellhead, and to isolate the outer annular space of the casing above and below the casing head.
  • the casing head, the annulus seal and its running-in tool are all placed down into the submerged wellhead. How to install the casing head and the sealing device is the key to the casing and continue drilling. The reasonable design of the running tool can reduce the construction steps and Installation difficulty and improve the reliability of installation work.
  • the inventors have proposed a deep-water drilling casing head and annulus sealing device running-in tool and a method of using the same in order to overcome the defects of the prior art by virtue of years of experience and practice in related industries.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a casing head and annulus sealing device running tool for deep water drilling and a using method thereof, and overcome the problems of complicated installation and high cost of matching equipment in the prior art, and the casing for deep water drilling
  • the head and annulus sealing device and the method of using the same can realize the requirement of installing the casing head and the annulus sealing device at the underwater wellhead of the seabed, and has the advantages of less installation and construction steps and lower cost.
  • a casing head for an underwater drilling and an annulus sealing device comprising a hollow mandrel, the upper part of the outer wall of the mandrel being sealed by a hollow torsion structure to connect the hollow suspension a structure, the end of the mandrel sliding away from the one end of the twisting structure is passed through a piston, the outer wall of the piston is sealingly connected with the lower part of the inner wall of the suspension structure, the inner cavity of the suspension structure and the twisting structure
  • the inner chamber communicates to form a piston chamber, and an end of the piston away from the twisting structure is located outside the piston chamber, the piston chamber and the piston constitute a hydraulic piston structure; an inner wall of the twisting structure and the inner a communication valve structure is disposed between the outer walls of the mandrel, the communication valve structure is capable of communicating the piston cavity and the inner cavity of the mandrel;
  • the suspension structure includes a suspension cylinder rotatable about the central axis with the mandrel, The bottom of the outer
  • the bottom of the mandrel is sleeved with a hollow lower joint, and the outer wall top of the lower joint can be sealed against the inner wall of the piston.
  • the piston is provided with a mandrel through hole for allowing the mandrel seal to slide through, and a first inner diameter is provided below the mandrel through hole.
  • a diameter-expanding hole, a second enlarged diameter hole is disposed inwardly from an end of the piston away from the twisting structure, and the first enlarged diameter hole is formed by a first tapered surface which is gradually expanded from the top to the bottom by the inner diameter
  • the second expansion hole communicates with the top of the outer wall of the lower joint sealingly sliding against the inner wall of the first enlarged diameter hole, and the outer wall of the lower joint is provided with a first boss portion, the first boss The outer wall of the portion is sealingly slidably abuts against the inner wall of the second enlarged diameter hole, and the top of the first boss portion is provided with a second tapered surface that can be abutted against the first tapered surface.
  • the twisting structure includes a hollow connecting plate body sleeved on the mandrel, and an upper portion of the inner wall of the connecting plate body and an outer wall of the mandrel
  • the torsion structure further includes a hollow driving cylinder that can move axially along the mandrel, and the top of the driving cylinder can be sealed and slidably disposed in the inner cavity of the connecting disc body
  • the communication valve structure is disposed in communication with the piston chamber, one end of the suspension cylinder is disposed in the inner cavity of the driving cylinder, and the connecting disc body and the hanging cylinder are fixedly connected by a torsion bar;
  • the connecting disc body and the outer sleeve of the driving cylinder are provided with a righting structure.
  • the centering structure includes an outer cylinder coaxially disposed with the driving cylinder, and a top of the outer cylinder is fixedly connected to the connecting disc body, and a side wall of the outer cylinder The lower portion is connected to the lower portion of the side wall of the drive cylinder by a shear pin.
  • the connecting plate body and the mandrel are connected by a plurality of first connecting pins, and a plurality of first through holes are arranged in an upper portion of the side wall of the connecting plate body, the core
  • a first connecting hole is disposed on a sidewall of the shaft corresponding to each of the first through holes, and each of the first connecting pins penetrates through the first through hole and is connected to the first connecting hole.
  • the outer wall of the connecting disc body is sleeved with a first snap ring, and the bottom surface of the first snap ring is abutted against the top surface of the torsion bar.
  • the communication valve structure includes a valve body abutting between an outer wall of the mandrel and an inner wall of the connecting disc body, and the outer wall of the mandrel is disposed a first step portion, a second step portion having a reduced diameter is disposed on an inner wall of the connecting plate body, an end surface of the valve body abuts against the first step portion, and another of the valve body The end face abuts against the second step portion, the valve body is provided with a valve core hole penetrating vertically, a spool is slidably disposed in the valve core hole, and a valve core spring is sleeved at one end of the valve core, One end of the spool spring abuts against the first step portion, and the other end of the valve core passes out of the valve body is located in the inner cavity of the driving cylinder; the valve core hole is provided with a diameter from above And a downwardly tapered valve core taper surface, the outer wall of the valve core is
  • One end of the valve core is disposed inwardly with a first passage hole communicating with the valve core hole and the valve body communication hole, and the other end of the valve core is disposed inwardly to communicate with the piston chamber and the valve body a second passage hole of the communication hole, a bottom opening of the first passage hole is located above the tapered surface of the valve core, and a top opening of the second passage hole is located below the tapered surface of the valve core.
  • the side wall of the rotating cylinder is circumferentially spaced apart from the plurality of elastic locking blocks capable of radially expanding and contracting, and the inner wall of the hanging cylinder is provided with a plurality of key grooves.
  • Each of the elastic lock blocks can be radially extended and the radially outer sides of each of the elastic lock blocks can be respectively engaged in corresponding key grooves, and a piston groove is disposed on an outer wall of the piston at a position above the key groove.
  • Each of the elastic lock blocks can be radially contracted and a radially inner side of each of the elastic lock blocks can be slidably disposed in the piston groove.
  • one end of the rotating cylinder outside the hanging cylinder can be rotatably sleeved on the top of the outer wall of a taper sleeve, and the outer diameter of the taper sleeve is tapered from top to bottom.
  • the rotating cylinder can push the cone sleeve downward to push the opening lock ring against the opening.
  • the taper sleeve is axially disposed with at least one taper sleeve opening slot having an open bottom, and the outer wall of the piston is fixedly disposed corresponding to the taper sleeve through slot
  • the anti-twist key of the taper sleeve is sleeved on the circumferential sides of the anti-rotation key.
  • the object of the present invention can also be achieved, as in the foregoing method for using a casing head and an annulus sealing device for deepwater drilling, comprising the following steps,
  • Step a After the casing head of the deep water drilling is connected with the annular sealing device and the annular sealing device and the casing head, the drill pipe is lifted, the wellhead slip device is removed, the drill pipe is lowered, and the deep water drilling casing is used. The head and the annulus sealing device are fed into the tool, the annular sealing device, the casing head and the casing are sent to the underwater wellhead;
  • Step b pumping cement into the drill pipe to start cement cementing
  • Step c lowering the drill pipe, the casing head is placed on the step surface of the underwater wellhead, and the circumferential position and the vertical position of the drill pipe are marked on the platform;
  • Step d rotating the drill pipe clockwise, the drill rod drives the mandrel, the valve body, the connecting plate body, the transmission torsion bar, the driving cylinder, the hanging cylinder and the rotating cylinder to rotate, the rotating cylinder drives the taper sleeve to move upward, and the bottom end surface of the taper sleeve is
  • the open lock rings are parallel, the open lock ring is radially contracted, and the casing head for deep water drilling and the annular seal device are released from the tool and the casing head;
  • Step e continue to rotate the drill pipe clockwise by a predetermined number of turns, the rotary drum rotates up until each elastic lock block leaves the keyway, and when the rotary cylinder rises until each elastic lock block reaches the piston groove position, each elastic lock block radially contracts and its diameter
  • the inner end is slidably disposed in the piston groove, the rotating cylinder is separated from the hanging cylinder, and the rotating cylinder stops rotating;
  • Step f lowering the drill pipe, the drill pipe drives the connecting plate body, the transmission torsion bar, the driving cylinder, the hanging cylinder, the annular sealing device to descend, the annular sealing device is sleeved on the outer wall of the casing head, and the second convex portion of the piston top
  • the table portion is inserted into the through hole in the driving cylinder, and the driving tube and the piston form a piston sealing structure to form a hydraulic auxiliary piston;
  • Step g the drill rod drives the mandrel, the connecting plate body, the transmitting torsion bar, the driving cylinder and the hanging cylinder to continue downward, the volume of the piston cavity is reduced, the pressure in the piston cavity is increased, the valve core is ascending, and the second passage hole passes through the valve body
  • the communication hole and the first communication through hole communicate with the inner cavity of the mandrel
  • the piston cavity communicates with the inner cavity of the mandrel
  • the fluid in the piston cavity flows into the inner cavity of the mandrel
  • the drill pipe continues to descend, and the vertical direction of the drill pipe
  • the top end surface of the second boss portion is a top valve core
  • the piston chamber communicates with the inner cavity of the mandrel 1 through the second passage hole, the valve body communication hole, and the first communication through hole;
  • Step h operating the hydraulic equipment on the ground drilling platform to pressurize the drill pipe, the high pressure fluid enters the piston cavity through the first communicating through hole and the valve body communication hole, and the driving cylinder cuts the shear pin under the push of the high pressure fluid to continue to descend. ;
  • Step i driving the bottom end surface of the driving cylinder to transfer the hydraulic pressure to the annular sealing device, and the annular sealing device seals the annular space between the underwater wellhead and the casing head to realize the setting of the annular sealing device;
  • Step j stop the pressurization, apply an axial pulling force to the drill pipe, drive the mandrel, the connecting plate body, the transmitting torsion bar, and the hanging cylinder to ascend, and under the action of the axial lifting force, the elastic pin is cut, and the deep water drilling is used.
  • the casing head and the annulus sealing device are released from the tool and the annulus sealing device;
  • Step k Lifting the drill pipe, and inserting the casing head and the annulus sealing device of the deep water drilling device into the underwater wellhead to the ground platform to complete the installation of the casing head and the annulus sealing device.
  • the casing head and the annulus sealing device for deepwater drilling provided by the present invention and the method for using the same include the following beneficial effects:
  • the deep water drilling casing head and the annulus sealing device running tool of the invention can realize the requirement of installing the casing head and the annulus sealing device at the underwater wellhead of the seabed, and fully combine the use of the twisting structure, the suspension structure and the hydraulic piston.
  • Structure and screw nut structure, the hanging cylinder can be rotated and hooked and can be rotated to release the annular sealing device, the bottom of the piston can be hooked and the casing head can be released, and the hydraulic piston structure can apply the sealing force to the annulus sealing device by rotating Or the method of pushing and pulling the drill pipe to realize the setting or releasing of the annular sealing device and the casing head; the drilling head of the deep water drilling hole of the invention and the driving tool of the annulus sealing device are difficult to operate, and the implementation steps of the using method are simple.
  • the installation reliability is high and the cost is low, which is conducive to promotion and use.
  • Fig. 1 is a structural schematic view of a tool for inserting a casing head and an annulus sealing device for deep water drilling according to the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is an enlarged view of I in Figure 1.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic view showing the structure of a valve body of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic view showing the structure of the valve body of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic view showing the initial state of the lowering of the casing head and the annulus sealing device for deepwater drilling using the present invention
  • Figure 6 is a schematic view showing the state of disengagement from the casing head during the construction of the casing head for deepwater drilling using the deep water drilling of the present invention and the undercutting tool;
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic view showing the state of the sealing ring sealing device when the casing head for deep water drilling of the present invention and the annular sealing device are used for lowering the tool.
  • the present invention provides a casing head and annulus sealing device for deep water drilling, comprising a hollow mandrel 1 , and the inner wall top of the mandrel 1 can be sealed with the drill pipe 90 .
  • the upper part of the outer wall of the mandrel 1 is sealed and connected to the hollow suspension structure 3 by a hollow twisting structure 2, and the end of the mandrel 1 away from the twisting structure 2 is slid through the piston 41, the outer wall of the piston 41 and the inner wall of the suspension structure 3.
  • the lower sealing connection, the inner cavity of the suspension structure 3 and the inner cavity of the torsion structure 2 constitute a piston cavity 40, one end of the piston 41 away from the torsion structure 2 is located outside the piston cavity 40, and the piston cavity 40 and the piston 41 constitute a hydraulic piston structure 61; a communication valve structure 5 is disposed between the inner wall of the twisting structure 2 and the outer wall of the mandrel 1, the communication valve structure 5 can communicate with the piston cavity 40 and the inner cavity of the mandrel 1; the suspension structure 3 includes a center around the mandrel 1
  • the suspension cylinder 31 of the shaft (the central axis of the mandrel 1) is rotated, and the bottom of the outer wall of the suspension cylinder 31 is provided with an elastic pin 32 which can be rotatably hooked and can be rotatably released from the annulus sealing device 91 (prior art), and the elastic pin 32 can be along Radial (radial refers to the diameter direction of the mandrel 1) telescopic, elastic
  • the rotating cylinder 33 is fixedly coupled, and the rotating cylinder 33 is rotatable with the hanging cylinder 31.
  • the inner wall of the rotating cylinder 33 is screwed to the outer wall of the piston 41.
  • the piston 41 and the rotating cylinder 33 constitute a screw nut structure 62, and the rotating cylinder 33 surrounds the piston.
  • the rotary motion of 41 is converted into the movement along the axial direction of the piston 41; the end of the piston 41 away from the twisting structure 2 is sleeved with an open lock ring 42, and the open lock ring 42 can hook the sleeve head 92 radially open (now There is a technique) and the sleeve head 92 can be released in a radially contracted manner, and the sleeve head 92 is fixedly coupled to the sleeve 93 extending downward.
  • a casing head annular groove is provided in the casing head 92 (prior art), and the opening lock ring 42 can be radially opened and locked in the annular groove of the casing head to realize the entry of the casing head and the annulus sealing device for deep water drilling.
  • the tool 100 is hooked to the casing head 92.
  • the deep water drilling casing head and the annulus sealing device running tool of the invention can realize the requirement of installing the casing head and the annulus sealing device at the underwater wellhead of the seabed, and fully combine the use of the twisting structure, the suspension structure and the hydraulic piston.
  • Structure and screw nut structure, the hanging cylinder can be rotated and hooked and can be rotated to release the annular sealing device, the bottom of the piston can be hooked and the casing head can be released, and the hydraulic piston structure can apply the sealing force to the annulus sealing device by rotating Or the method of pushing and pulling the drill pipe to realize the setting or disengagement of the annular sealing device and the casing head; the drilling head of the deep water drilling hole of the invention and the opening and closing device of the annulus sealing device are difficult to operate, and the implementation steps of the running tool are simple.
  • the installation reliability is high and the cost is low, which is conducive to promotion and use.
  • the bottom of the mandrel 1 is sleeved with a hollow lower joint 11, and a sealing ring is provided between the inner wall of the lower joint 11 and the outer wall of the mandrel 1 for ensuring the sealing effect; the outer wall top of the lower joint 11 It can seal against the inner wall of the piston 41.
  • the bottom of the lower joint 11 can be sealed to communicate with the cementing tool 94 (prior art).
  • the mandrel 1 and the lower joint 11 are in sealing communication to form a connection structure between the deep water drilling casing head and the annulus sealing device running tool 100, and realize the connection between the casing head and the annulus sealing device of the deep water drilling tool 100 and the drill pipe .
  • the detachable connection manner of the mandrel 1 and the lower joint 11 makes it easy and convenient to disassemble and install the casing head for the deep water drilling and the annulus sealing device.
  • the mandrel 1 and the lower joint 11 are connected to form a joint structure of the deep water drilling casing head and the annulus sealing device running tool 100 for transmitting torque and axial force, suspending other components, and undertaking the casing string during installation. (Prior art, the gravity of the casing head mounted on the top of the casing string).
  • the piston 41 is provided with a mandrel through hole 410 for allowing the mandrel 1 to seal and slide therethrough.
  • a sealing ring is arranged between the mandrel through hole 410 and the outer wall of the mandrel 1 .
  • the sealing ring can ensure the sealing of the piston cavity 40, prevent the high pressure fluid from leaking, and ensure the hydraulic pressure;
  • the first enlarged diameter hole 411 having the inner diameter is arranged to be disposed below the mandrel through hole 410, and the piston 41 is away from the transmitting torque
  • a second enlarged diameter hole 412 is disposed inwardly from one end of the structure 2, and the first expanded diameter hole 411 communicates with the second expanded diameter hole 412 through the first tapered surface 413 which is gradually expanded from the top to the bottom, and the outer wall of the lower joint 11
  • the top portion can be sealed and slidably abutted against the inner wall of the first enlarged diameter hole 411.
  • the outer wall of the lower joint 11 is provided with a first boss portion 111, and the outer wall of the first boss portion 111 can be sealed with the inner wall of the second enlarged diameter hole 412. Sliding against, the top of the first boss portion 111 is provided with a second tapered surface 112 that can be abutted against the first tapered surface 413.
  • the lower joint 11 is movable up and down under the push-pull action of the upper mandrel 1, and the outer wall of the first boss portion 111 is sealed and slid along the inner wall of the second enlarged diameter hole 412 in the piston 41.
  • a piston boss portion 415 having an enlarged diameter is disposed at the bottom of the outer wall of the piston 41.
  • the bottom end surface of the split lock ring 42 axially abuts against the top surface of the piston boss portion 415.
  • the inner wall of the casing head 92 is provided with an inner tapered surface of the casing head which is tapered downward (prior art), and the outer wall of the piston 41 is provided with an outer tapered surface of the piston matching the inner cone surface of the casing head, outside the piston The tapered surface can be sealed to the inner tapered surface of the casing head.
  • the twisting structure 2 includes a hollow connecting plate body 21 that is sleeved on the mandrel 1 , and a communication valve structure 5 is disposed between the upper portion of the inner wall of the connecting plate body 21 and the outer wall of the mandrel 1 .
  • the twisting structure further includes a hollow driving cylinder 22 that is axially movable along the mandrel 1. The top of the driving cylinder 22 can be sealed and slidably disposed in the inner cavity of the connecting disc body 21, and the connecting disc body 21 is located below the communicating valve structure 5.
  • the third boss portion 221 and the third boss portion 221 are sealingly slidably disposed in the inner cavity of the connecting plate body 21 below the communication valve structure 5, and the third boss portion 221 is provided with a driving tube penetrating in the axial direction.
  • the upper through hole 222, the outer diameter of the second boss portion 414 is the same as the outer diameter of the through hole 222 of the driving cylinder, and the through hole 222 of the driving cylinder can be sealed and sleeved on the outer wall of the second boss portion 414.
  • the driving cylinder 22 is located below the third boss portion 221 to form a third step portion, and the third step portion can axially abut against the lower end surface of the connecting plate body 21.
  • a sealing ring is disposed on the outer wall of the driving cylinder 22, and the outer wall of the sealing ring can be sealed against the inner wall of the connecting disc body 21. The sealing ring can ensure the sealing of the piston chamber 40 and prevent high pressure fluid from leaking.
  • the communication valve structure 5 is connected to the piston chamber 40.
  • One end of the suspension cylinder 31 is disposed in the inner cavity of the driving cylinder 22, and the connecting disc body 21 and the suspension cylinder 31 are fixedly connected by a plurality of transmission torsion bars 23,
  • the connecting plate body 21 is provided with a plurality of first through-torsion rod through holes penetrating vertically
  • the driving tube 22 is provided with a second transmitting torsion bar through hole corresponding to each of the first transmitting torsion bar through holes.
  • the top of the hanging cylinder 31 is provided with a plurality of connecting threaded holes, and the transmission torsion bar 23 passes through the first transmission torsion bar through hole and the second transmission torsion bar through hole and is fixedly connected in the connection screw hole; the connection plate body 21 and the drive
  • the outer portion of the barrel 22 is sleeved with a righting structure 20.
  • the centering structure 20 includes an outer cylinder 24 disposed coaxially with the driving cylinder 22.
  • the top of the outer cylinder 24 is fixedly connected to the connecting disc body 21, and can be connected by screws or threads; the lower side wall of the outer cylinder 24
  • the shear pin 25 is connected to the lower portion of the side wall of the driving cylinder 22.
  • the fixing hole of the driving cylinder 22 is provided with a pin fixing hole, and the number of the pin fixing holes is one or more, in order to make the link more stable, generally
  • a plurality of pin through holes corresponding to the pin fixing holes are provided on the side wall of the outer tube 24, and the shear pins 25 are fixed in the pin fixing holes through the pin through holes.
  • the casing head and the annulus sealing device of the deep water drilling device are connected to the annulus sealing device 100, and the lower portion of the side wall of the outer cylinder 24 is connected to the lower portion of the side wall of the driving cylinder 22 by the shear pin 25, and is seated.
  • the driving cylinder 22 is subjected to a downward hydraulic force. After the hydraulic force is greater than the shearing force of the shearing pin 25, the driving cylinder 22 is moved downward to set the annular sealing device 91 to be locked under water.
  • Wellhead (prior art).
  • the connecting plate body 21 and the mandrel 1 are connected by a plurality of first connecting pins 26, and a plurality of first through holes 213 are formed in the upper portion of the side wall of the connecting plate body 21, and the side wall of the mandrel 1 is disposed.
  • the first connecting hole 15 is disposed at a position corresponding to the first through hole 213 , and each of the first connecting pins 26 passes through the first through hole 213 and is connected to the first connecting hole 15 .
  • the fixed connection of the connecting disk body 21 and the mandrel 1 is achieved using the first connecting pin 26, so that the torque of the mandrel can be stably transmitted to the suspension structure 3 through the connecting plate body 21.
  • the outer wall of the connecting disc body 21 is sleeved with a first snap ring 211 , and the bottom surface of the first snap ring 211 abuts against the top surface of the torsion bar 23 .
  • the first snap ring 211 can transmit the torque more stably to the torsion bar 23, limit the axial displacement of the torsion bar 23 and the suspension cylinder 31, and avoid the loosening of the torsion bar 23 and the suspension cylinder 31.
  • the communication valve structure 5 includes a valve body 51 that is disposed between the outer wall of the mandrel 1 and the inner wall of the connecting disc body 21, and the inner wall of the valve body 51 A sealing ring is disposed between the outer wall of the mandrel 1; a first step portion 12 is disposed on the outer wall of the mandrel 1, and a second step portion 212 having a reduced diameter is disposed on the inner wall of the connecting disc body 21, and the valve body 51 is disposed
  • the first end portion 12 is disposed on the first step portion 12, and in the embodiment, the first step portion 12 is provided with a plurality of first positioning pins 121 extending downwardly, and the card body 51 is provided with a card on one end surface thereof.
  • the locking hole of the first positioning pin 121 is provided, and the valve body 51 is circumferentially fixed by the first positioning pin 121; the other end surface of the valve body 51 is abutted against the second step portion 212.
  • the axial positioning of the valve body 51 is more stable.
  • the mandrel 1 is disposed at a position below the valve body 51, and the valve body snap ring 14 is sleeved.
  • valve body 51 abuts against the top surface of the valve body snap ring 14; the valve body 51 A valve core hole 511 penetrating vertically is disposed therein, a valve core 52 is slidably disposed in the valve core hole 511, and a valve body boss having a reduced diameter is disposed at one end of the valve core 52
  • the valve core 52 is located at a bottom position of the valve cartridge stud portion to form a valve core step portion, and the outer side of the valve core boss portion is sleeved with a spool spring 53.
  • the first connecting through hole is disposed on the side wall of the mandrel 1 13.
  • the side wall of the valve core hole 511 is provided with a valve body communication hole 512 which is provided in communication with the first communication through hole 13.
  • the valve body hole 511 is provided with a valve core hole surface 5111 which is tapered from the top to the bottom.
  • the outer wall of the valve core 52 is provided with a valve core tapered surface 523 which can be matched with the valve core hole taper surface to seal against the lock.
  • the valve core 52 is provided with an end portion of the valve core 52 inwardly communicating with the valve core hole 511 and the valve body communication hole 512.
  • the first passage hole 521, the other end of the valve core 52 is provided with a second passage hole 522 which can communicate with the piston chamber 40 and the valve body communication hole 512.
  • the bottom opening of the first passage hole 521 is located above the cone surface of the valve body.
  • the top opening of the second passage hole 522 is located below the tapered surface of the spool.
  • the valve core 52 is used to open or close the flow passage of the fluid in the inner cavity of the mandrel 1, to realize the switching of the fluid passage, and the spool spring 53 pushes the valve cone to seal against the cone surface of the spool,
  • a passage hole 521 communicates with the inner cavity of the mandrel 1 through the valve body communication hole 512 and the first communication through hole 13 , and the tapered surface of the valve core cone surface and the valve core hole cone surface seals, effectively blocking the piston cavity 40 and the core The lumen of the shaft 1.
  • valve core 52 moves upward, and the second passage hole 522 passes through the valve body communication hole 512, and the first connection is transparent.
  • the hole 13 communicates with the inner cavity of the mandrel 1, and the piston chamber 40 below the spool 52 communicates with the inner cavity of the mandrel 1.
  • the piston chamber 40 (the inner cavity of the suspension structure 3 and the inner cavity of the torsion structure 2) and the hydraulic piston structure 61 formed by the piston 41 realize the opening and closing with the inner cavity of the mandrel 1 through the communication valve structure 5, and the inner cavity of the mandrel 1
  • the fluid is pumped into the piston chamber 40 through the communication valve structure 5, and the fluid hydraulic pressure pushes the driving cylinder downward to set the annular sealing device 91.
  • a plurality of elastically lockable elastic lock blocks 331 are bored in the circumferential direction of the side wall of the rotary cylinder 33.
  • the side wall of the rotary cylinder 33 is circumferentially
  • a plurality of rotating cylinder side through holes are arranged at intervals, and a resilient locking block 331 is respectively disposed in each of the rotating cylinder side through holes, and the radially inner side of each elastic locking block 331 can be radially contracted into the inner cavity of the rotating cylinder 33, and each elastic The radially outer side of the locking block 331 can protrude radially from the outer wall of the rotating cylinder 33.
  • the inner wall of the hanging cylinder 31 is provided with a plurality of key grooves 311, and the elastic locking blocks 331 can radially extend and the elastic locking blocks 331
  • the radially outer side of the piston 41 can be respectively disposed in the corresponding key groove 311.
  • the outer wall of the piston 41 is disposed at a position above the key groove, and the piston groove 416 is disposed.
  • the elastic lock block 331 can be radially contracted and the radial inner side of each elastic lock block 331 It can be slidably disposed in the piston groove 416.
  • the rotating cylinder 33 When the rotating cylinder 33 is assembled in the hanging cylinder 31, the rotating cylinder 33 is first pushed into the hanging cylinder 31 in the axial direction, and at this time, the radially outer side of each elastic locking block 331 is radially compressed, when each elastic locking block 331 is When the key grooves 311 are located at the same axial position, the rotary drum 33 is rotated so that the radially outer side of each of the elastic lock blocks 331 is radially extended and engaged in the corresponding key groove 311, so that the fixed connection of the rotating cylinder 33 and the suspension cylinder 31 is achieved.
  • the rotating cylinder 33 is sleeved on the outer wall of the piston 41 by a screw connection, and the rotating cylinder 33 can be rotated up and down along the piston 41, and the rotating cylinder 33 is rotated to raise it.
  • the elastic lock blocks 331 are separated from the key groove 311 and the rotary cylinders 33 are raised to the positions of the elastic lock blocks 331 to reach the piston recesses 416, the elastic lock blocks 331 are radially contracted and radially inwardly disposed in the piston recesses 416.
  • the rotating cylinder 33 is separated from the hanging cylinder 31.
  • one end of the rotating cylinder 33 located outside the hanging cylinder 31 is rotatably and axially fixedly sleeved on the top of the outer wall of a taper sleeve 34 , and the outer diameter of the taper sleeve 34 is tapered from top to bottom.
  • the rotating cylinder 33 can push the taper sleeve 34 downward to push the open lock ring 42 against the opening.
  • the sleeve sleeve 34 is moved downwardly from the top to the open lock ring 42 to open radially, and the sleeve 34 is moved upwardly away from the split lock ring 42 to radially contract.
  • the taper sleeve 34 is a split structure, and the bottom of the outer wall of the rotating cylinder 33 is provided with an annular groove portion, and the top of the inner wall of the taper sleeve 34 is provided with an annular convex portion that can be clamped in the annular groove portion.
  • the circular protrusion and the annular groove portion are engaged with each other, so that the rotating cylinder 33 is rotatably sleeved on the outer wall of the sleeve 34, and the axial direction is relatively fixed therebetween, and the rotating cylinder 33 transmits the axial force through the cooperation.
  • the taper sleeve 34 is fed to thereby move the push-pull sleeve 34 up and down.
  • At least one taper opening slot 343 having an open bottom is disposed on the taper sleeve 34 in the axial direction, and an anti-twist key 341 corresponding to the taper sleeve through slot 343 is fixedly disposed on the outer wall of the piston 41.
  • the anti-twist key 341 is fixedly coupled to the outer wall of the piston 41 by the anti-rotation screw 342.
  • the taper sleeve opening 343 is slidably sleeved on both sides of the anti-twist key 341.
  • the anti-twist key 341 can effectively prevent the taper sleeve 34 from rotating circumferentially relative to the piston 41, and the taper sleeve 34 can be moved up and down under the push-pull of the upper rotating cylinder 33.
  • the deep water drilling casing head and the annulus sealing device running tool 100 of the present invention are assembled as follows:
  • Each sealing ring is sleeved at a required position on the outer wall of the mandrel 1, and the first positioning pin 121 is mounted on the first step portion 12;
  • the valve body 52 is mounted in the valve body hole 511 in the valve body 51,
  • the bottom opening of the first passage hole 521 is correspondingly communicated with the valve body communication hole 512:
  • the valve core spring 53 is sleeved on the valve body boss portion;
  • the valve body 51 is sleeved from the bottom of the core shaft 1, and each first positioning
  • the pin 121 is respectively inserted into the corresponding locking hole of the valve body 51, the upper end surface of the valve body 51 is abutted against the first step portion 12 in the circumferential direction, and the valve core spring 53 pushes the valve cone to seal against the locking.
  • the first passage hole 521 communicates with the inner cavity of the mandrel 1 through the valve body communication hole 512 and the first communication through hole 13 on the valve core hole surface, and the tapered surface formed by the valve cone surface and the valve core hole surface Sealing, blocking the piston chamber 40 and the inner cavity of the mandrel 1, from the bottom of the mandrel 1 into the valve body snap ring 14;
  • the connecting disc body 21 is nested from the bottom of the mandrel 1, and the second step portion 212 in the connecting disc body 21 axially abuts against the lower end surface of the valve body 51, so that the first side wall of the connecting disc body 21 is transparent.
  • the hole 213 is opposite to the first connecting hole 15, and the first connecting pin 26 is passed through the first through hole 213 and then connected to the first connecting hole 15;
  • the outer tube 24 is inserted from the bottom of the connecting plate 21 and passed through Screw or thread completes the connection;
  • the drive cylinder 22 is nested from the bottom of the mandrel 1, and the third boss portion 221 is sealingly disposed in the inner cavity of the connecting disc body 21 under the communication valve structure 5, and the third step portion is axially Abutting against the bottom end surface of the connecting plate body 21,
  • the driving cylinder 22 is provided with a pin fixing hole on the side wall opposite to the pin through hole on the side wall of the outer tube 24, and the shear pin 25 is fixed to the pin through the pin through hole.
  • the hanging cylinder 31 is sleeved into the driving cylinder 22 from the bottom of the mandrel 1, and the hanging cylinder 31 is rotated to connect the threaded hole with the first transmission torsion bar through hole on the connecting plate 21, and the driving cylinder 22
  • the second transmission torsion bar is opposite to the through hole, and the transmission torsion bar 23 passes through the first transmission torsion bar through hole and the second transmission torsion bar through hole and is fixedly connected to the connection screw Inside the pit
  • the open lock ring 42 is sleeved from the top of the piston 41, and the bottom end surface of the open lock ring 42 axially abuts against the top surface of the piston boss portion 415, and the anti-rotation keys 341 are fixed to the outer wall of the piston 41;
  • the rotating cylinder 33 is rotatably sleeved from the top of the piston 41 on the outer wall of the piston 41, and rotates counterclockwise (left-handed, the direction of rotation can be adjusted according to actual needs). The rotating cylinder 33 is moved downward to move the taper sleeve of the split type.
  • the elastic lock block 331 is mounted on the side wall of the rotating cylinder 33, and the piston 41, the rotating cylinder 33, and the taper sleeve 34 are integrated as a whole, and are inserted from the bottom of the mandrel 1, and rotated clockwise (right-handed) rotating cylinder 33, the radially outer side of each of the elastic lock blocks 331 is radially extended and latched in the corresponding key groove 311 of the hanging cylinder 31, and the fixed connection of the rotating cylinder 33 and the hanging cylinder 31 is completed; the lower joint 11 and the mandrel 1 are passed.
  • the threaded sealing connection is to install the elastic pin 32 on the bottom of the outer wall of the hanging cylinder 31, as shown in Fig. 1, to complete the assembly of the casing head for deep water drilling and the annulus sealing device.
  • the deep water drilling casing head and the annulus sealing device running tool 100 of the present invention are used to insert the casing head 92, the casing 93, the annulus sealing device 91 and the cementing tool into the well, as shown in FIG. 5,
  • the lower joint 11 is sealingly connected with the cementing tool 94, and the top of the mandrel 1 is sealingly connected with the drill pipe 90;
  • the casing head for deep water drilling and the annulus sealing device are pushed down by the drill pipe 90 to be placed in the annulus Above the sealing device 91; the drill pipe 90 and the deep water drilling casing head and the annulus sealing device are driven downward into the annular sealing device 91, and the elastic pin 32 is radially contracted when contacting the inner wall of the annular sealing device 91.
  • the deep water drilling casing head and the annulus sealing device are allowed to continue downward, and when the elastic pin 32 descends to the annular groove of the annular sealing device 91, the elastic pin 32 can be radially extended and locked in the annular groove of the device.
  • the drilling of the drill pipe 90 is stopped, and the connection between the casing head of the deep water drilling and the annulus sealing device 100 and the annulus sealing device 91 is completed.
  • the method for lowering the annulus sealing device 91 and the casing head 92 using the casing head for the deep water drilling and the annulus sealing device into the tool 100 is as follows:
  • Step a after the deep water drilling casing head is connected with the annulus sealing device running tool 100, the annulus sealing device 91, and the casing head 92, the drill pipe 90 is lifted, the wellhead slip device is removed (prior art), and the lowering is performed.
  • the drill pipe 90 is used for feeding the deep water drilling casing head and the annulus sealing device into the tool 100, the annulus sealing device 91, the casing head 92, and the casing 93 to the underwater wellhead;
  • Step b pumping cement into the drill pipe 90 to start cement cementing
  • Step c lowering the drill pipe 90, the casing head 92 is placed on the step surface of the underwater wellhead 95 (prior art), and the circumferential position and the vertical position of the drill pipe 90 are marked on the platform (ie on the drilling platform) Marking the height and circumferential angle of the drill pipe 90 above the turntable, prior art);
  • Step d rotating the clock shaft 90 clockwise (right-handed), the drill rod 90 drives the mandrel 1, the valve body 51, the connecting plate body 21, the transmitting torsion bar 23, the driving cylinder 22, the hanging cylinder 31 and the rotating cylinder 33 to rotate and rotate
  • the sleeve 33 drives the taper sleeve 34 to move upward.
  • the open lock ring 42 is radially contracted by its own elastic force, and the deep water drilling casing head and the annular sealing device are driven downward.
  • the tool 100 and the casing head 92 are released, and the state thereof is as shown in FIG. 6;
  • Step e continuing to rotate clockwise (right-handed) the drill pipe 90 by a predetermined number of turns (determined according to actual conditions), the rotary cylinder 33 is rotated up to a certain height, and each elastic lock block 331 is separated from the key groove 311, and the rotary cylinder 33 is raised to each elastic lock.
  • the block 331 reaches the position of the piston groove 416, each of the elastic lock blocks 331 is radially contracted and radially inwardly disposed in the piston groove 416, and the rotating cylinder 33 is disengaged from the suspension cylinder 31, and the rotating cylinder 33 stops rotating;
  • Step f lowering the drill rod 90, the drill rod 90 drives the connecting disc body 21, the transmitting torsion rod 23, the driving cylinder 22, the hanging cylinder 31, the annular sealing device 91 to descend, and the annular sealing device 91 is sleeved on the casing head 92.
  • the second boss portion 414 at the top of the piston 41 is inserted into the through hole 222 of the driving cylinder, and the driving cylinder 22 and the piston 41 form a piston sealing structure 63 to form a hydraulic auxiliary piston;
  • Step g the drill rod 90 drives the mandrel 1, the connecting plate 21, the transmitting torsion bar 23, the driving cylinder 22, and the hanging cylinder 31 to continue downward, the volume of the piston chamber 40 is further reduced, and the pressure in the piston chamber 40 is raised.
  • the spool 52 is ascended by the pressure in the piston chamber 40, and the second passage hole 522 communicates with the inner cavity of the mandrel 1 through the valve body communication hole 512 and the first communication through hole 13, and the piston chamber 40 under the valve core 52 is
  • the inner cavity of the mandrel 1 communicates, and the fluid in the piston cavity 40 flows into the inner cavity of the mandrel 1; when the drill pipe 90 continues to descend, and the vertical displacement of the drill pipe 90 reaches a predetermined design displacement, the second boss portion 414
  • the top end surface of the top valve core 52, the piston chamber 40 is always communicated with the inner cavity of the mandrel 1 through the second passage hole 522, the valve body communication hole 512, and the first communication through hole 13;
  • Step h operating the hydraulic equipment at the surface drilling platform to pressurize the drill pipe 90, and the high pressure (the hydraulic pressure of the ground drilling platform is pressurized into the drill pipe 90, the fluid pressure is increased to form a high pressure fluid).
  • the communication through hole 13 and the valve body communication hole 512 enter the piston chamber 40, and the driving cylinder 22 shears the shear pin 25 under the pushing of the high pressure fluid to continue downward;
  • Step i the bottom end surface of the driving cylinder 22 transmits the hydraulic pressure to the annular sealing device 91, and the annular sealing device 91 seals the annular space between the underwater wellhead and the casing head 92 to realize the setting of the annular sealing device 91.
  • its state is shown in Figure 7;
  • Step j stopping the pressurization, applying an axial pulling force to the drill rod 90, driving the mandrel 1, the connecting plate body 21, the transmitting torsion bar 23, and the hanging cylinder 31 to ascend, and under the action of the axial lifting force, the elastic pin 32 Being cut, the casing head for deep water drilling and the annulus sealing device running tool 100 and the annulus sealing device 91 are released;
  • Step k lifting the drill rod 90, and the deepwater drilling casing head and the annulus sealing device are driven into the tool 100 to take out the underwater wellhead to the ground platform to complete the installation of the casing head 92 and the annulus sealing device 91.
  • the casing head and the annulus sealing device for deepwater drilling provided by the present invention and the method for using the same include the following beneficial effects:
  • the deep water drilling casing head and the annulus sealing device running tool of the invention can realize the requirement of installing the casing head and the annulus sealing device at the underwater wellhead of the seabed, and fully combine the use of the twisting structure, the suspension structure and the hydraulic piston.
  • Structure and screw nut structure, the hanging cylinder can be rotated and hooked and can be rotated to release the annular sealing device, the bottom of the piston can be hooked and the casing head can be released, and the hydraulic piston structure can apply the sealing force to the annulus sealing device by rotating Or the method of pushing and pulling the drill pipe to realize the setting or releasing of the annular sealing device and the casing head; the drilling head of the deep water drilling hole of the invention and the driving tool of the annulus sealing device are difficult to operate, and the implementation steps of the using method are simple.
  • the installation reliability is high and the cost is low, which is conducive to promotion and use.

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Abstract

一种深水钻井用套管头与环空密封装置下入工具（100），包括芯轴（1），芯轴（1）通过中空的传扭结构（2）密封连接中空且底部开口的悬挂结构（3），芯轴远离传扭结构的一端滑动穿设通过一能固定于水下井口（95）处的中空的活塞（41），悬挂结构能随芯轴转动且能沿活塞密封轴向滑动，传扭结构的内腔和悬挂结构的内腔连通构成活塞腔（40），活塞腔的顶部能与芯轴的内腔连通；活塞腔和活塞构成液压活塞结构（61）；悬挂结构远离传扭结构的一端能旋转钩挂且能轴向上提解脱环空密封装置（91），活塞远离传扭结构的一端能径向张开地钩挂套管头（92）且能径向收缩地解脱套管头。该下入工具能实现在海底的水下井口处安装套管头与环空密封装置的要求，具有安装施工步骤少、成本较低的优点。还公开了一种深水钻井用套管头与环空密封装置下入工具的使用方法。

Description

深水钻井用套管头与环空密封装置下入工具及其使用方法 技术领域
本发明涉及海洋深水钻井技术领域，尤其涉及一种深水钻井用套管头与环空密封装置下入工具及其使用方法。
背景技术
海洋油气资源已成为能源供应的重要来源，高产量、高投入、高风险是海洋深水油气勘探开发作业的特征。水下井口系统是深水钻井、完井、采油等作业的基础组成，水下井口内部安装多层套管头和环空密封装置，套管头用于悬挂套管，将套管柱重量施加在水下井口上，密封装置用于密封套管头和水下井口之间的环形空间，隔绝套管头上方与下方的套管外部环形空间。套管头、环空密封装置及其下入工具是一同下入水下井口处，如何安装套管头和密封装置是下套管、继续钻井的关键，合理的下入工具设计能减少施工步骤和安装难度，提高安装作业的可靠性。
现有技术中，有一种海洋深水钻井用套管挂和密封下入工具，该工具在液压辅助下放活塞、安装套管环空密封装置时需要投掷阻塞镖等工具，并且需要在平台安装相应设备，增加了井口操作步骤。
由此，本发明人凭借多年从事相关行业的经验与实践，提出一种深水钻井用套管头与环空密封装置下入工具及其使用方法，以克服现有技术的缺陷。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种深水钻井用套管头与环空密封装置下入工具及其使用方法，克服现有技术中存在的安装复杂、匹配设备多成本高等问题，该深水钻井用套管头与环空密封装置下入工具及其使用方法，能实现在海底的水下井口处安装套管头与环空密封装置的要求，具有安装施工步骤少、成本较低的优点。
本发明的目的是这样实现的，一种深水钻井用套管头与环空密封装置下入工具，包括中空的芯轴，所述芯轴的外壁上部通过中空的传扭结构密封连接中空的悬挂结构，所述芯轴远离所述传扭结构的一端滑动穿设通过一活塞，所述活塞的外壁与所述悬挂结构的内壁下部密封连接，所述悬挂结构的内腔与所述传扭结构的内腔连通构成活塞腔，所述活塞远离所述传扭结构的一端位于所述活塞腔的外部，所述活塞腔和所述活塞构成液压活塞结构；所述传扭结构的内壁与所述芯轴的外壁之间设置连通阀结构，所述连通阀 结构能连通所述活塞腔和所述芯轴的内腔；所述悬挂结构包括能随所述芯轴绕中心轴转动的悬挂筒，所述悬挂筒的外壁底部设置能旋转钩挂且能旋转解脱环空密封装置的弹性销钉，所述弹性销钉能沿径向伸缩；所述悬挂筒的内壁下部密封固定连接有旋转筒，所述旋转筒能随所述悬挂筒旋转，所述旋转筒的内壁通过螺纹连接于所述活塞的外壁上，所述活塞和所述旋转筒构成丝杠螺母结构；所述活塞远离所述传扭结构的一端套设有开口锁环，所述开口锁环能径向张开地钩挂套管头且能径向收缩地解脱所述套管头。
在本发明的一较佳实施方式中，所述芯轴的底部套设有中空的下接头，所述下接头的外壁顶部能与所述活塞的内壁密封抵靠。
在本发明的一较佳实施方式中，所述活塞内设有允许所述芯轴密封滑动穿过的芯轴过孔，所述芯轴过孔的下方设置有内径呈增大设置的第一扩径孔，所述活塞远离所述传扭结构的一端向内设置第二扩径孔，所述第一扩径孔通过内径自上而下呈渐扩设置的第一锥面与所述第二扩径孔连通，所述下接头的外壁顶部能与所述第一扩径孔的内壁密封滑动抵靠，所述下接头的外壁上设置有第一凸台部，所述第一凸台部的外壁能与所述第二扩径孔的内壁密封滑动抵靠，所述第一凸台部的顶部设置能与所述第一锥面顶抵密封的第二锥面。
在本发明的一较佳实施方式中，所述传扭结构包括密封套设于所述芯轴上的中空的连接盘体，所述连接盘体的内壁上部与所述芯轴的外壁之间设置所述连通阀结构，所述传扭结构还包括能沿所述芯轴轴向移动的中空的驱动筒，所述驱动筒的顶部能密封滑动穿设于所述连接盘体的内腔中，所述连通阀结构与所述活塞腔连通设置，所述悬挂筒的一端穿设于所述驱动筒的内腔中，所述连接盘体与所述悬挂筒通过传扭杆固定连接；所述连接盘体和所述驱动筒的外部套设有扶正结构。
在本发明的一较佳实施方式中，所述扶正结构包括与所述驱动筒同轴设置的外筒，所述外筒的顶部与所述连接盘体固定连接，所述外筒的侧壁下部通过剪切销钉与所述驱动筒的侧壁下部连接。
在本发明的一较佳实施方式中，所述连接盘体和所述芯轴通过多个第一连接销钉连接，所述连接盘体的侧壁上部设置多个第一透孔，所述芯轴的侧壁上与各所述第一透孔对应的位置设置第一连接孔，各所述第一连接销钉穿设通过所述第一透孔后连接于所述第一连接孔内。
在本发明的一较佳实施方式中，所述连接盘体的外壁上套设有第一卡环，所述第一卡环的底面顶抵于所述传扭杆的顶面上。
在本发明的一较佳实施方式中，所述连通阀结构包括抵靠套设于所述芯轴的外壁和所述连接盘体的内壁之间的阀体，所述芯轴的外壁上设置第一台阶部，所述连接盘体的内壁上设置直径呈减小设置的第二台阶部，所述阀体的一端面顶抵于所述第一台阶部上，所述阀体的另一端面顶抵于所述第二台阶部上，所述阀体内设置上下贯通的阀芯孔，所述阀芯孔内滑动设置有阀芯，所述阀芯的一端套设阀芯弹簧，所述阀芯弹簧的一端顶抵于所述第一台阶部上，所述阀芯穿出所述阀体的另一端位于所述驱动筒的内腔中；所述阀芯孔内设置有直径自上而下渐缩的阀芯孔锥面，所述阀芯的外壁上设置有能与所述阀芯孔锥面匹配密封抵靠卡止的阀芯锥面，所述芯轴的侧壁上设置有第一连通透孔，所述阀芯孔的侧壁上设有与所述第一连通透孔连通设置的阀体连通孔，所述阀芯的一端向内设置有能连通所述阀芯孔与所述阀体连通孔的第一通道孔，所述阀芯的另一端向内设置有能连通所述活塞腔与所述阀体连通孔的第二通道孔，所述第一通道孔的底部开口位于所述阀芯锥面的上方，所述第二通道孔的顶部开口位于所述阀芯锥面的下方。
在本发明的一较佳实施方式中，所述旋转筒的侧壁上沿周向间隔穿设有多个能径向伸缩的弹性锁块，所述悬挂筒的内壁上设置有多个键槽，各所述弹性锁块能径向伸出且各所述弹性锁块的径向外侧能分别卡设于对应的键槽内，所述活塞的外壁上位于所述键槽上方的位置设置有活塞凹槽，各所述弹性锁块能径向收缩且各所述弹性锁块的径向内侧能滑设于所述活塞凹槽内。
在本发明的一较佳实施方式中，所述旋转筒位于所述悬挂筒外部的一端能转动套设于一锥套的外壁顶部，所述锥套的外径自上而下呈渐缩设置，所述旋转筒能推动所述锥套下移将所述开口锁环顶抵张开。
在本发明的一较佳实施方式中，所述锥套上沿轴向设置有至少一个底部开口的锥套豁口透槽，所述活塞的外壁上固定设置有与所述锥套豁口透槽对应的防扭键，所述锥套豁口透槽滑动套设于所述防扭键的周向两侧。
本发明的目的还可以这样实现，如前述的深水钻井用套管头与环空密封装置下入工具的使用方法，包括以下步骤，
步骤a、深水钻井用套管头与环空密封装置下入工具和环空密封装置、套管头连接后，提起钻杆，移除井口卡瓦装置，下放钻杆，将深水钻井用套管头与环空密封装置下入工具、环空密封装置、套管头、套管送入水下井口处；
步骤b、向钻杆内泵入水泥，开始水泥固井；
步骤c、下放钻杆，套管头卡放在水下井口的台阶面上，在平台上标记钻杆的周向 位置和竖直位置；
步骤d、顺时针旋转钻杆，钻杆带动芯轴、阀体、连接盘体、传扭杆、驱动筒、悬挂筒及旋转筒旋转，旋转筒带动锥套向上移动，锥套的底部端面与开口锁环的顶部端面平行时，开口锁环径向收缩，深水钻井用套管头与环空密封装置下入工具和套管头解脱；
步骤e、继续顺时针旋转钻杆预定圈数，旋转筒旋转上升至各弹性锁块离开键槽，旋转筒上升至各弹性锁块到达活塞凹槽位置时，各弹性锁块径向收缩且其径向内侧一端滑设于活塞凹槽内，旋转筒与悬挂筒相脱离，旋转筒停止转动；
步骤f、下放钻杆，钻杆带动连接盘体、传扭杆、驱动筒、悬挂筒、环空密封装置下行，环空密封装置卡套于套管头的外壁上，活塞顶部的第二凸台部穿设进入驱动筒上通孔内，驱动筒与活塞形成活塞密封结构，形成液压辅助活塞；
步骤g、钻杆带动芯轴、连接盘体、传扭杆、驱动筒、悬挂筒继续下行，活塞腔的容积减小，活塞腔内压力升高，阀芯上行，第二通道孔通过阀体连通孔、第一连通透孔与芯轴的内腔连通，活塞腔与芯轴的内腔连通，活塞腔内的流体流入芯轴的内腔；钻杆继续下行，钻杆的竖直方向的位移达到预定设计的位移时，第二凸台部的顶部端面上顶阀芯，活塞腔通过第二通道孔、阀体连通孔、第一连通透孔与芯轴1的内腔连通；
步骤h、在地面钻井平台处操作液压设备向钻杆内增压，高压流体通过第一连通透孔、阀体连通孔进入活塞腔，驱动筒在高压流体的推动下剪断剪切销钉继续下行；
步骤i、驱动筒的底部端面将液压力传递至环空密封装置上，环空密封装置密封水下井口与套管头之间的环形空间，实现环空密封装置的坐封；
步骤j、停止增压，对钻杆施加轴向上拉力，带动芯轴、连接盘体、传扭杆、悬挂筒上行，在轴向上提力的作用下，弹性销钉被剪断，深水钻井用套管头与环空密封装置下入工具和环空密封装置解脱；
步骤k、上提钻杆，将深水钻井用套管头与环空密封装置下入工具起出水下井口至地面平台，完成套管头和环空密封装置的安装。
由上所述，本发明提供的深水钻井用套管头与环空密封装置下入工具及其使用方法包括如下有益效果：
本发明的深水钻井用套管头与环空密封装置下入工具能实现在海底的水下井口处安装套管头与环空密封装置的要求，充分结合使用传扭结构、悬挂结构、液压活塞结构和丝杠螺母结构，悬挂筒能旋转钩挂且能旋转解脱环空密封装置，活塞底部能钩挂且能解脱套管头，液压活塞结构能对环空密封装置施加坐封力，通过旋转或推拉钻杆的方式 实现环空密封装置、套管头的坐封或解脱；本发明的深水钻井用套管头与环空密封装置下入工具操作难度小，其使用方法的实施步骤简单，安装可靠性高，成本较低，利于推广使用。
附图说明
图1：为本发明的深水钻井用套管头与环空密封装置下入工具的结构示意图。
图2：为图1中Ⅰ处放大图。
图3：为本发明的阀体结构示意图。
图4：为本发明的阀芯结构示意图。
图5：为使用本发明的深水钻井用套管头与环空密封装置下入工具下放施工最初状态示意图；
图6：为使用本发明的深水钻井用套管头与环空密封装置下入工具下放施工时与套管头解脱状态示意图；
图7：为使用本发明的深水钻井用套管头与环空密封装置下入工具下放施工时坐封环空密封装置状态示意图。
具体实施方式
为了对本发明的技术特征、目的和效果有更加清楚的理解，现对照附图说明本发明的具体实施方式。
如图1至图7所示，本发明提供一种深水钻井用套管头与环空密封装置下入工具100，包括中空的芯轴1，芯轴1的内壁顶部能与钻杆90密封连接，芯轴1的外壁上部通过中空的传扭结构2密封连接中空的悬挂结构3，芯轴1远离传扭结构2的一端滑动穿设通过一活塞41，活塞41的外壁与悬挂结构3的内壁下部密封连接，悬挂结构3的内腔与传扭结构2的内腔连通构成活塞腔40，活塞41远离传扭结构2的一端位于活塞腔40的外部，活塞腔40和活塞41构成液压活塞结构61；传扭结构2的内壁与芯轴1的外壁之间设置连通阀结构5，连通阀结构5能连通活塞腔40和芯轴1的内腔；悬挂结构3包括能随芯轴1绕中心轴(芯轴1的中心轴)转动的悬挂筒31，悬挂筒31的外壁底部设置能旋转钩挂且能旋转解脱环空密封装置91(现有技术)的弹性销钉32，弹性销钉32能沿径向(径向是指芯轴1的直径方向)伸缩，弹性销钉32的数量为多个，环空密封装置91的内部设有装置环形槽(现有技术)，弹性销钉32能径向伸出卡止在装 置环形槽内；悬挂筒31的内壁下部密封固定连接有旋转筒33，旋转筒33能随悬挂筒31旋转，旋转筒33的内壁通过螺纹连接于活塞41的外壁上，活塞41和旋转筒33构成丝杠螺母结构62，旋转筒33绕活塞41的旋转运动转化为沿活塞41的轴向的移动；活塞41远离传扭结构2的一端套设有开口锁环42，开口锁环42能径向张开地钩挂套管头92(现有技术)且能径向收缩地解脱套管头92，套管头92上固定连接向下延伸设置的套管93。套管头92内设置套管头环形槽(现有技术)，开口锁环42能径向张开卡设于套管头环形槽内，实现深水钻井用套管头与环空密封装置下入工具100和套管头92的钩挂连接。
本发明的深水钻井用套管头与环空密封装置下入工具能实现在海底的水下井口处安装套管头与环空密封装置的要求，充分结合使用传扭结构、悬挂结构、液压活塞结构和丝杠螺母结构，悬挂筒能旋转钩挂且能旋转解脱环空密封装置，活塞底部能钩挂且能解脱套管头，液压活塞结构能对环空密封装置施加坐封力，通过旋转或推拉钻杆的方式实现环空密封装置、套管头的坐封或解脱；本发明的深水钻井用套管头与环空密封装置下入工具操作难度小，下入工具的实施步骤简单，安装可靠性高，成本较低，利于推广使用。
进一步，如图1所示，芯轴1的底部套设有中空的下接头11，为保证密封效果，下接头11的内壁与芯轴1的外壁之间设置密封圈；下接头11的外壁顶部能与活塞41的内壁密封抵靠。下接头11的底部能密封连通注水泥工具94(现有技术)。芯轴1与下接头11密封连通构成深水钻井用套管头与环空密封装置下入工具100的连接结构，实现深水钻井用套管头与环空密封装置下入工具100与钻杆的连接。芯轴1与下接头11可拆卸的连接方式使得深水钻井用套管头与环空密封装置下入工具100拆装简单方便。芯轴1和下接头11连接构成深水钻井用套管头与环空密封装置下入工具100的连接结构，用于传递扭矩和轴向力，悬持其它零部件，承担安装过程中套管柱(现有技术，套管头安装于套管柱的顶部)的重力。
进一步，如图1所示，活塞41内设有允许芯轴1密封滑动穿过的芯轴过孔410，为保证密封效果，芯轴过孔410与芯轴1的外壁之间设置密封圈，该密封圈能保证活塞腔40的密封，防止高压流体窜漏，保证液压力；芯轴过孔410的下方设置有内径呈增大设置的第一扩径孔411，活塞41远离所述传扭结构2的一端向内设置第二扩径孔412，第一扩径孔411通过内径自上而下呈渐扩设置的第一锥面413与第二扩径孔412连通，下接头11的外壁顶部能与第一扩径孔411的内壁密封滑动抵靠，下接头11的外壁上设置 有第一凸台部111，第一凸台部111的外壁能与第二扩径孔412的内壁密封滑动抵靠，第一凸台部111的顶部设置能与第一锥面413顶抵密封的第二锥面112。下接头11能在其上部芯轴1的推拉作用下沿上下移动，第一凸台部111的外壁沿活塞41内第二扩径孔412的内壁密封滑动。活塞41的外壁底部设置直径呈增大设置的活塞凸台部415，开口锁环42的底部端面轴向顶抵于活塞凸台部415的顶面上。套管头92的内壁上设置有直径向下渐缩的套管头内锥面(现有技术)，活塞41的外壁底部设置有与套管头内锥面匹配的活塞外锥面，活塞外锥面能密封卡止于套管头内锥面上。
进一步，如图1所示，传扭结构2包括密封套设于芯轴1上的中空的连接盘体21，连接盘体21的内壁上部与芯轴1的外壁之间设置连通阀结构5，传扭结构还包括能沿芯轴1轴向移动的中空的驱动筒22，驱动筒22的顶部能密封滑动穿设于连接盘体21的内腔中，连接盘体21位于连通阀结构5下方的内腔、驱动筒22的内腔和悬挂筒31的内腔连通构成前述的活塞腔40；活塞41的顶部设置第二凸台部414，驱动筒22的顶部设置直径呈减小设置的第三凸台部221，第三凸台部221能密封滑动地穿设于连接盘体21位于连通阀结构5下方的内腔中，第三凸台部221内设置有沿轴向贯通的驱动筒上通孔222，第二凸台部414的外径尺寸与驱动筒上通孔222的孔径呈相同设置，驱动筒上通孔222能密封滑动套设于第二凸台部414的外壁上。驱动筒22位于第三凸台部221的下方构成第三台阶部，第三台阶部能轴向顶抵于连接盘体21的下端面上。为保证密封效果，驱动筒22的外壁上设置密封圈，该密封圈的外壁能密封抵靠于连接盘体21的内壁上，该密封圈能保证活塞腔40的密封，防止高压流体窜漏，保证液压力；连通阀结构5与活塞腔40连通设置，悬挂筒31的一端穿设于驱动筒22的内腔中，连接盘体21与悬挂筒31通过多个传扭杆23固定连接，在本实施方式中，连接盘体21上设置有多个上下贯通的第一传扭杆过孔，驱动筒22上设置有与各第一传扭杆过孔对应设置的第二传扭杆过孔，悬挂筒31的顶部设置有多个连接螺纹孔，传扭杆23穿过第一传扭杆过孔、第二传扭杆过孔后固定连接于连接螺纹孔内；连接盘体21和驱动筒22的外部套设有扶正结构20。在本实施方式中，扶正结构20包括与驱动筒22同轴设置的外筒24，外筒24的顶部与连接盘体21固定连接，可以通过螺钉或螺纹进行连接；外筒24的侧壁下部通过剪切销钉25与驱动筒22的侧壁下部连接，在本实施方式中，驱动筒22的侧壁上设置销钉固定孔，销钉固定孔的数量为一个或多个，为了链接更加稳定，一般采用多个；外筒24的侧壁上与销钉固定孔对应的设置径向贯通的销钉通孔，剪切销钉25通过销钉通孔固定于销钉固定孔内。在下入过程中，外筒24能套设于水下井口内，保 证深水钻井用套管头与环空密封装置下入工具100保持竖直状态，避免倾斜发生事故。深水钻井用套管头与环空密封装置下入工具100在组装及对环空密封装置坐封前，外筒24的侧壁下部通过剪切销钉25与驱动筒22的侧壁下部连接，坐封时，驱动筒22承受向下的液压作用力，该液压作用力大于剪切销钉25的剪切力后，驱动筒22下移对环空密封装置91进行坐封，使其锁定在水下井口(现有技术)处。
进一步，如图1所示，连接盘体21和芯轴1通过多个第一连接销钉26连接，连接盘体21的侧壁上部设置多个第一透孔213，芯轴1的侧壁上与第一透孔213对应的位置设置第一连接孔15，各第一连接销钉26穿设通过第一透孔213后连接于第一连接孔15内。使用第一连接销钉26实现连接盘体21和芯轴1的固定连接，使得芯轴的扭矩能通过连接盘体21稳定地传递给悬挂结构3。
进一步，如图1所示，连接盘体21的外壁上套设有第一卡环211，第一卡环211的底面顶抵于传扭杆23的顶面上。第一卡环211能使传扭杆23更加稳定地传递扭矩，限制传扭杆23、悬挂筒31的轴向位移，避免传扭杆23、悬挂筒31的松脱。
进一步，如图1、图2、图3、图4示，连通阀结构5包括抵靠套设于芯轴1的外壁和连接盘体21的内壁之间的阀体51，阀体51的内壁与芯轴1的外壁之间设置有密封圈；芯轴1的外壁上设置第一台阶部12，连接盘体21的内壁上设置直径呈减小设置的第二台阶部212，阀体51的一端面顶抵于第一台阶部12上，在本实施方式中，第一台阶部12上设置有多个向下延伸设置的第一定位销121，阀体51的一端面上设置有能卡设第一定位销121的卡设孔，阀体51通过第一定位销121实现周向固定；阀体51的另一端面顶抵于第二台阶部212上，在本实施方式中，为了使阀体51的轴向定位更稳定，芯轴1位于阀体51下方的位置套设有阀体卡环14，阀体51的底面顶抵于阀体卡环14的顶面上；阀体51内设置上下贯通的阀芯孔511，阀芯孔511内滑动设置有阀芯52，阀芯52的一端设置直径呈减小设置的阀芯凸柱部，阀芯52位于阀芯凸柱部的底部位置处构成阀芯台阶部，阀芯凸柱部的外侧套设阀芯弹簧53，阀芯弹簧53的一端顶抵于第一台阶部12上，阀芯弹簧53的另一端顶抵于阀芯台阶部上，阀芯52穿出阀体51的另一端位于驱动筒的内腔中；芯轴1的侧壁上设置有第一连通透孔13，阀芯孔511的侧壁上设有与第一连通透孔13连通设置的阀体连通孔512，阀芯孔511内设置有直径自上而下渐缩的阀芯孔锥面5111，阀芯52的外壁上设置有能与阀芯孔锥面匹配密封抵靠卡止的阀芯锥面523，阀芯52的一端向内设置有能连通阀芯孔511与阀体连通孔512的第一通道孔521，阀芯52的另一端向内设置有能连通活塞腔40与阀体连通孔512的第二通道 孔522，第一通道孔521的底部开口位于阀芯锥面的上方，第二通道孔522的顶部开口位于阀芯锥面的下方。阀芯52用于打开或关闭芯轴1的内腔中流体的流动通道，实现流体通道的切换，阀芯弹簧53推动阀芯锥面密封抵靠卡止于阀芯孔锥面上时，第一通道孔521通过阀体连通孔512、第一连通透孔13与芯轴1的内腔连通，阀芯锥面与阀芯孔锥面构成的锥面密封，有效阻隔活塞腔40和芯轴1的内腔。阀芯52下端所受液压力或推力高于阀芯弹簧53的回复力及上端液压力的合力时，阀芯52向上移动，第二通道孔522通过阀体连通孔512、第一连通透孔13与芯轴1的内腔连通，阀芯52下方的活塞腔40与芯轴1的内腔连通。活塞腔40(悬挂结构3的内腔与传扭结构2的内腔)和活塞41构成的液压活塞结构61通过连通阀结构5实现与芯轴1的内腔的通断，芯轴1内腔的流体通过连通阀结构5对活塞腔40内施加泵压，流体液压推动驱动筒下行，对环空密封装置91进行坐封。
进一步，如图1所示，旋转筒33的侧壁上沿周向间隔穿设有多个能径向伸缩的弹性锁块331，在本实施方式中，旋转筒33的侧壁上沿周向间隔设置有多个旋转筒侧透孔，各旋转筒侧透孔内分别穿设一弹性锁块331，各弹性锁块331的径向内侧能径向收缩入旋转筒33的内腔，各弹性锁块331的径向外侧能径向伸出凸出于旋转筒33的外壁，悬挂筒31的内壁上设置有多个键槽311，各弹性锁块331能径向伸出且各弹性锁块331的径向外侧能分别卡设于对应的键槽311内，活塞41的外壁位于键槽上方的位置设置有活塞凹槽416，各弹性锁块331能径向收缩且各弹性锁块331的径向内侧能滑设于活塞凹槽416内。将旋转筒33组装于悬挂筒31内时，首先将旋转筒33沿轴向推入悬挂筒31内，此时各弹性锁块331的径向外侧被径向压缩，当各弹性锁块331与各键槽311位于相同轴向位置时，旋转旋转筒33使得各弹性锁块331的径向外侧径向伸出卡设于对应的键槽311内，实现旋转筒33与悬挂筒31的固定连接。深水钻井用套管头与环空密封装置下入工具100组装后，旋转筒33通过螺纹连接套设于活塞41外壁上，旋转筒33能沿活塞41旋转升降，旋转旋转筒33使其上升并使各弹性锁块331离开键槽311，旋转筒33上升至各弹性锁块331到达活塞凹槽416位置时，各弹性锁块331径向收缩且其径向内侧滑设于活塞凹槽416内，旋转筒33与悬挂筒31相脱离。
进一步，如图1所示，旋转筒33位于悬挂筒31外部的一端能转动且轴向固定地套设于一锥套34的外壁顶部，锥套34的外径自上而下呈渐缩设置，旋转筒33能推动锥套34下移将开口锁环42顶抵张开。锥套34下移能自顶部顶抵开口锁环42使其径向张开，锥套34上移离开开口锁环42使其径向收缩。在本实施方式中，锥套34为对开结 构，旋转筒33的外壁底部设有环形凹槽部，锥套34的内壁顶部设置有能卡设于环形凹槽部内的环形凸起部，通过环形凸起部和环形凹槽部的卡设配合，实现旋转筒33转动套设于锥套34的外壁上，且二者之间轴向相对固定，旋转筒33通过该配合将轴向力传递给锥套34，从而实现推拉锥套34上下移动。
进一步，如图1所示，锥套34上沿轴向设有至少一个底部开口的锥套豁口透槽343，活塞41的外壁上固定设置有与锥套豁口透槽343对应的防扭键341，在本实施方式中，防扭键341通过防转螺钉342固定连接于活塞41的外壁上。锥套豁口透槽343滑动套设于防扭键341的周向两侧。防扭键341能够有效避免锥套34相对活塞41周向转动，锥套34能在上部旋转筒33的推拉下实现上下移动。
本发明的深水钻井用套管头与环空密封装置下入工具100通过如下方式进行组装：
在芯轴1的外壁上要求的位置处套设各密封圈，并将第一定位销121安装于第一台阶部12上；将阀芯52安装于阀体51内的阀芯孔511中，将第一通道孔521的底部开口与阀体连通孔512对应连通：将阀芯弹簧53套设于阀芯凸柱部上；将阀体51从芯轴1的底部套入，各第一定位销121分别卡设于阀体51上对应的卡设孔内，阀体51的上端面与第一台阶部12周向顶抵贴紧，阀芯弹簧53推动阀芯锥面密封抵靠卡止于阀芯孔锥面上，第一通道孔521通过阀体连通孔512、第一连通透孔13与芯轴1的内腔连通，阀芯锥面与阀芯孔锥面构成的锥面密封，阻隔活塞腔40和芯轴1的内腔，自芯轴1的底部套入阀体卡环14；
将连接盘体21自芯轴1的底部套入，连接盘体21内的第二台阶部212轴向顶抵于阀体51的下端面上，使连接盘体21的侧壁的第一透孔213与第一连接孔15相对，将第一连接销钉26穿设通过第一透孔213后连接于第一连接孔15内；将外筒24自连接盘体21的底部套入，并通过螺钉或螺纹完成连接；将驱动筒22自芯轴1的底部套入，第三凸台部221密封穿设于连接盘体21位于连通阀结构5下方的内腔中，第三台阶部轴向顶抵于连接盘体21的底端面上，旋转驱动筒22使其侧壁上设置销钉固定孔与外筒24侧壁上的销钉通孔相对，将剪切销钉25通过销钉通孔固定于销钉固定孔内；将悬挂筒31自芯轴1的底部套入驱动筒22内，旋转悬挂筒31使其连接螺纹孔与连接盘体21上的第一传扭杆过孔、驱动筒22上的第二传扭杆过孔相对，传扭杆23穿过第一传扭杆过孔、第二传扭杆过孔后固定连接于连接螺纹孔内；
将开口锁环42自活塞41的顶部套入，开口锁环42的底部端面轴向顶抵于活塞凸台部415的顶面上，将各防扭键341固定于活塞41的外壁上；将旋转筒33自活塞41 的顶部旋转套设在活塞41的外壁上，并逆时针旋转(左旋，该旋转方向可以根据实际需要进行调整)旋转筒33使其下移，将对开式的锥套34旋转卡设于旋转筒33的底部，继续旋转旋转筒33使其推动锥套34下移至开口锁环42的上方，旋转锥套34使其锥套豁口透槽343分别对准各防扭键341，继续逆时针旋转旋转筒33使其下移，各锥套豁口透槽343分别滑动套设于防扭键341的周向两侧；
将弹性锁块331安装于旋转筒33的侧壁上，将活塞41、旋转筒33、锥套34作为一整体，将其自芯轴1的底部套入，顺时针旋转(右旋)旋转筒33，使得各弹性锁块331的径向外侧径向伸出卡设于悬挂筒31上对应的键槽311内，完成旋转筒33与悬挂筒31的固定连接；将下接头11与芯轴1通过螺纹密封连接，将弹性销钉32安装于悬挂筒31的外壁底部，如图1所示，完成深水钻井用套管头与环空密封装置下入工具100的组装。
需要使用本发明的深水钻井用套管头与环空密封装置下入工具100将套管头92、套管93、环空密封装置91和注水泥工具下入井内时，如图5所示，将下接头11与注水泥工具94密封连接，将芯轴1顶部与钻杆90密封连接；通过钻杆90提起深水钻井用套管头与环空密封装置下入工具100，使其位于环空密封装置91的上方；向环空密封装置91内下放钻杆90及深水钻井用套管头与环空密封装置下入工具100，弹性销钉32接触环空密封装置91的内壁时径向收缩，允许深水钻井用套管头与环空密封装置下入工具100继续下行，弹性销钉32下行至环空密封装置91的装置环形槽时，弹性销钉32能径向伸出卡止在装置环形槽内，停止下入钻杆90，完成深水钻井用套管头与环空密封装置下入工具100与环空密封装置91的连接。
提起钻杆90，将深水钻井用套管头与环空密封装置下入工具100与环空密封装置91运移至平台井口(现有技术)，将连接在一起的套管头92和套管93放置在平台井口上，下放钻杆90，当活塞41的外壁底部的活塞外锥面与套管头92的内壁上的套管头内锥面密封抵靠时，停止下放；
逆时针旋转(左旋)钻杆90，带动芯轴1、连接盘体21、传扭杆23、驱动筒22、悬挂筒31、弹性锁块331及旋转筒33旋转，在旋转筒33和活塞41的丝杠螺母结构的作用下，旋转筒33推动锥套34下移，开口锁环42沿径向外移张开，卡设于套管头92的套管头环形槽内，锥套34的底部端面轴向顶抵于活塞凸台部415的顶面上时，停止转动钻杆90，完成深水钻井用套管头与环空密封装置下入工具100与套管头92的连接。
使用深水钻井用套管头与环空密封装置下入工具100下放环空密封装置91、套管头 92的方法如下：
步骤a、深水钻井用套管头与环空密封装置下入工具100和环空密封装置91、套管头92连接后，提起钻杆90，移除井口卡瓦装置(现有技术)，下放钻杆90，将深水钻井用套管头与环空密封装置下入工具100、环空密封装置91、套管头92、套管93送入水下井口处；
步骤b、向钻杆90内泵入水泥，开始水泥固井；
步骤c、下放钻杆90，套管头92卡放在水下井口95的台阶面(现有技术)上，在平台上标记钻杆90的周向位置和竖直位置(即在钻井平台的转盘上方标记钻杆90的高度和周向角度，现有技术)；
步骤d、顺时针旋转(右旋)钻杆90，钻杆90带动芯轴1、阀体51、连接盘体21、传扭杆23、驱动筒22、悬挂筒31及旋转筒33旋转，旋转筒33带动锥套34向上移动，锥套34的底部端面与开口锁环42的顶部端面平行时，开口锁环42由于自身弹力径向收缩，深水钻井用套管头与环空密封装置下入工具100和套管头92解脱，其状态如图6所示；
步骤e、继续顺时针旋转(右旋)钻杆90预定圈数(根据实际情况确定)，旋转筒33旋转上升至一定高度，各弹性锁块331离开键槽311，旋转筒33上升至各弹性锁块331到达活塞凹槽416位置时，各弹性锁块331径向收缩且其径向内侧滑设于活塞凹槽416内，旋转筒33与悬挂筒31相脱离，旋转筒33停止转动；
步骤f、下放钻杆90，钻杆90带动连接盘体21、传扭杆23、驱动筒22、悬挂筒31、环空密封装置91下行，环空密封装置91卡套于套管头92的外壁上，活塞41顶部的第二凸台部414穿设进入驱动筒上通孔222内，驱动筒22与活塞41形成活塞密封结构63，形成液压辅助活塞；
步骤g、钻杆90带动芯轴1、连接盘体21、传扭杆23、驱动筒22、悬挂筒31继续下行，活塞腔40的容积进一步减小，活塞腔40内的压力升高，在活塞腔40内的压力作用下阀芯52上行，第二通道孔522通过阀体连通孔512、第一连通透孔13与芯轴1的内腔连通，阀芯52下方的活塞腔40与芯轴1的内腔连通，活塞腔40内的流体流入芯轴1的内腔；钻杆90继续下行，钻杆90的竖直方向的位移达到预定设计的位移时，第二凸台部414的顶部端面上顶阀芯52，活塞腔40始终通过第二通道孔522、阀体连通孔512、第一连通透孔13与芯轴1的内腔连通；
步骤h、在地面钻井平台处操作液压设备向钻杆90内增压，高压(地面钻井平台处 操作液压设备向钻杆90内增压后，流体压力升高，形成高压流体)流体通过第一连通透孔13、阀体连通孔512进入活塞腔40，驱动筒22在高压流体的推动下剪断剪切销钉25继续下行；
步骤i、驱动筒22的底部端面将液压力传递至环空密封装置91上，环空密封装置91密封水下井口与套管头92之间的环形空间，实现环空密封装置91的坐封，其状态如图7所示；
步骤j、停止增压，对钻杆90施加轴向上拉力，带动芯轴1、连接盘体21、传扭杆23、悬挂筒31上行，在轴向上提力的作用下，弹性销钉32被剪断，深水钻井用套管头与环空密封装置下入工具100和环空密封装置91解脱；
步骤k、上提钻杆90，将深水钻井用套管头与环空密封装置下入工具100起出水下井口至地面平台，完成套管头92和环空密封装置91的安装。
由上所述，本发明提供的深水钻井用套管头与环空密封装置下入工具及其使用方法包括如下有益效果：
本发明的深水钻井用套管头与环空密封装置下入工具能实现在海底的水下井口处安装套管头与环空密封装置的要求，充分结合使用传扭结构、悬挂结构、液压活塞结构和丝杠螺母结构，悬挂筒能旋转钩挂且能旋转解脱环空密封装置，活塞底部能钩挂且能解脱套管头，液压活塞结构能对环空密封装置施加坐封力，通过旋转或推拉钻杆的方式实现环空密封装置、套管头的坐封或解脱；本发明的深水钻井用套管头与环空密封装置下入工具操作难度小，其使用方法的实施步骤简单，安装可靠性高，成本较低，利于推广使用。
以上所述仅为本发明示意性的具体实施方式，并非用以限定本发明的范围。任何本领域的技术人员，在不脱离本发明的构思和原则的前提下所作出的等同变化与修改，均应属于本发明保护的范围。

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  1. 一种深水钻井用套管头与环空密封装置下入工具(100)，包括中空的芯轴(1)，其特征在于，所述芯轴(1)的外壁上部通过中空的传扭结构(2)密封连接中空的悬挂结构(3)，所述芯轴(1)远离所述传扭结构(2)的一端滑动穿设通过一活塞(41)，所述活塞(41)的外壁与所述悬挂结构(3)的内壁下部密封连接，所述悬挂结构(3)的内腔与所述传扭结构(2)的内腔连通构成活塞腔(40)，所述活塞(41)远离所述传扭结构(2)的一端位于所述活塞腔(40)的外部，所述活塞腔(40)和所述活塞(41)构成液压活塞结构(61)；所述传扭结构(2)的内壁与所述芯轴(1)的外壁之间设置连通阀结构(5)，所述连通阀结构(5)能连通所述活塞腔(40)和所述芯轴(1)的内腔；所述悬挂结构(3)包括能随所述芯轴(1)绕中心轴转动的悬挂筒(31)，所述悬挂筒(31)的外壁底部设置能旋转钩挂且能旋转解脱环空密封装置(91)的弹性销钉(32)，所述弹性销钉(32)能沿径向伸缩；所述悬挂筒(31)的内壁下部密封固定连接有旋转筒(33)，所述旋转筒(33)能随所述悬挂筒(31)旋转，所述旋转筒(33)的内壁通过螺纹连接于所述活塞(41)的外壁上，所述活塞(41)和所述旋转筒(33)构成丝杠螺母结构(62)；所述活塞(41)远离所述传扭结构(2)的一端套设有开口锁环(42)，所述开口锁环(42)能径向张开地钩挂套管头(92)且能径向收缩地解脱所述套管头(92)。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的深水钻井用套管头与环空密封装置下入工具(100)，其特征在于，所述芯轴(1)的底部套设有中空的下接头(11)，所述下接头(11)的外壁顶部能与所述活塞(41)的内壁密封抵靠。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的深水钻井用套管头与环空密封装置下入工具(100)，其特征在于，所述活塞(41)内设有允许所述芯轴(1)密封滑动穿过的芯轴过孔(410)，所述芯轴过孔的下方设置有内径呈增大设置的第一扩径孔(411)，所述活塞(41)远离所述传扭结构(2)的一端向内设置第二扩径孔(412)，所述第一扩径孔(411)通过内径自上而下呈渐扩设置的第一锥面(413)与所述第二扩径孔(412)连通，所述下接头(11)的外壁顶部能与所述第一扩径孔(411)的内壁密封滑动抵靠，所述下接头(11)的外壁上设置有第一凸台部(111)，所述第一凸台部(111)的外壁能与所述第二扩径孔(412)的内壁密封滑动抵靠，所述第一凸台部(111)的顶部设置能与所述第一锥面(413)顶抵密封的第二锥面(112)。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的深水钻井用套管头与环空密封装置下入工具(100)，其特征在于，所述传扭结构(2)包括密封套设于所述芯轴(1)上的中空的连接盘体(21)， 所述连接盘体(21)的内壁上部与所述芯轴(1)的外壁之间设置所述连通阀结构(5)，所述传扭结构(2)还包括能沿所述芯轴(1)轴向移动的中空的驱动筒(22)，所述驱动筒(22)的顶部能密封滑动穿设于所述连接盘体(21)的内腔中，所述连通阀结构(5)与所述活塞腔(40)连通设置，所述悬挂筒(31)的一端穿设于所述驱动筒(31)的内腔中，所述连接盘体(21)与所述悬挂筒(31)通过传扭杆(23)固定连接；所述连接盘体(21)和所述驱动筒(22)的外部套设有扶正结构(20)。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的深水钻井用套管头与环空密封装置下入工具(100)，其特征在于，所述扶正结构(20)包括与所述驱动筒(22)同轴设置的外筒(24)，所述外筒(24)的顶部与所述连接盘体(21)固定连接，所述外筒(24)的侧壁下部通过剪切销钉(25)与所述驱动筒(22)的侧壁下部连接。
  6. 如权利要求4所述的深水钻井用套管头与环空密封装置下入工具(100)，其特征在于，所述连接盘体(21)和所述芯轴(1)通过多个第一连接销钉(26)连接，所述连接盘体(21)的侧壁上部设置多个第一透孔(213)，所述芯轴(1)的侧壁上与各所述第一透孔(213)对应的位置设置第一连接孔(15)，各所述第一连接销钉(26)穿设通过所述第一透孔(213)后连接于所述第一连接孔(15)内。
  7. 如权利要求4所述的深水钻井用套管头与环空密封装置下入工具(100)，其特征在于，所述连接盘体(21)的外壁上套设有第一卡环(211)，所述第一卡环(211)的底面顶抵于所述传扭杆(23)的顶面上。
  8. 如权利要求4所述的深水钻井用套管头与环空密封装置下入工具(100)，其特征在于，所述连通阀结构(5)包括抵靠套设于所述芯轴(1)的外壁和所述连接盘体(21)的内壁之间的阀体(51)，所述芯轴(1)的外壁上设置第一台阶部(12)，所述连接盘体(21)的内壁上设置直径呈减小设置的第二台阶部(212)，所述阀体(51)的一端面顶抵于所述第一台阶部(12)上，所述阀体(51)的另一端面顶抵于所述第二台阶部(212)上，所述阀体(51)内设置上下贯通的阀芯孔(511)，所述阀芯孔(511)内滑动设置有阀芯(52)，所述阀芯(52)的一端套设阀芯弹簧(53)，所述阀芯弹簧(53)的一端顶抵于所述第一台阶部(12)上，所述阀芯(52)穿出所述阀体(51)的另一端位于所述驱动筒(22)的内腔中；所述阀芯孔(511)内设置有直径自上而下渐缩的阀芯孔锥面(5111)，所述阀芯(52)的外壁上设置有能与所述阀芯孔锥面(5111)匹配密封抵靠卡止的阀芯锥面(523)，所述芯轴(1)的侧壁上设置有第一连通透孔(13)，所述阀芯孔(511)的侧壁上设有与所述第一连通透孔(13)连通设置的阀体连通孔(512)， 所述阀芯(52)的一端向内设置有能连通所述阀芯孔(511)与所述阀体连通孔(512)的第一通道孔(521)，所述阀芯(52)的另一端向内设置有能连通所述活塞腔(40)与所述阀体连通孔(512)的第二通道孔(522)，所述第一通道孔(521)的底部开口位于所述阀芯锥面(523)的上方，所述第二通道孔(522)的顶部开口位于所述阀芯锥面(523)的下方。
  9. 如权利要求1所述的深水钻井用套管头与环空密封装置下入工具(100)，其特征在于，所述旋转筒(33)的侧壁上沿周向间隔穿设有多个能径向伸缩的弹性锁块(331)，所述悬挂筒(31)的内壁上设置有多个键槽(311)，各所述弹性锁块(331)能径向伸出且各所述弹性锁块(331)的径向外侧能分别卡设于对应的键槽(311)内，所述活塞(41)的外壁上位于所述键槽(311)上方的位置设置有活塞凹槽(416)，各所述弹性锁块(331)能径向收缩且各所述弹性锁块(331)的径向内侧能滑设于所述活塞凹槽(416)内。
  10. 如权利要求1所述的深水钻井用套管头与环空密封装置下入工具(100)，其特征在于，所述旋转筒(33)位于所述悬挂筒(31)外部的一端能转动套设于一锥套(34)的外壁顶部，所述锥套(34)的外径自上而下呈渐缩设置，所述旋转筒(33)能推动所述锥套(34)下移将所述开口锁环(42)顶抵张开。
  11. 如权利要求10所述的深水钻井用套管头与环空密封装置下入工具(100)，其特征在于，所述锥套(34)上沿轴向设置有至少一个底部开口的锥套豁口透槽(343)，所述活塞(41)的外壁上固定设置有与所述锥套豁口透槽(343)对应的防扭键(341)，所述锥套豁口透槽(343)滑动套设于所述防扭键(341)的周向两侧。
  12. 如权利要求1至11任一项所述的深水钻井用套管头与环空密封装置下入工具(100)的使用方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤，
    步骤a、深水钻井用套管头与环空密封装置下入工具(100)和环空密封装置(91)、套管头(92)连接后，提起钻杆(90)，移除井口卡瓦装置，下放钻杆(90)，将深水钻井用套管头与环空密封装置下入工具(100)、环空密封装置(91)、套管头(92)、套管(93)送入水下井口处；
    步骤b、向钻杆(90)内泵入水泥，开始水泥固井；
    步骤c、下放钻杆(90)，套管头(92)卡放在水下井口(95)的台阶面上，在平台上标记钻杆(90)的周向位置和竖直位置；
    步骤d、顺时针旋转钻杆(90)，钻杆(90)带动芯轴(1)、阀体(51)、连接盘体 (21)、传扭杆(23)、驱动筒(22)、悬挂筒(31)及旋转筒(33)旋转，旋转筒(33)带动锥套(34)向上移动，锥套(34)的底部端面与开口锁环(42)的顶部端面平行时，开口锁环(42)径向收缩，深水钻井用套管头与环空密封装置下入工具100和套管头(92)解脱；
    步骤e、继续顺时针旋转钻杆(90)预定圈数，旋转筒(33)旋转上升至各弹性锁块(331)离开键槽(311)，旋转筒(33)上升至各弹性锁块(331)到达活塞凹槽(416)位置时，各弹性锁块(331)径向收缩且其径向内侧一端滑设于活塞凹槽(416)内，旋转筒(33)与悬挂筒(31)相脱离，旋转筒(33)停止转动；
    步骤f、下放钻杆(90)，钻杆(90)带动连接盘体(21)、传扭杆(23)、驱动筒(22)、悬挂筒(31)、环空密封装置(91)下行，环空密封装置(91)卡套于套管头(92)的外壁上，活塞(41)顶部的第二凸台部(414)穿设进入驱动筒上通孔(222)内，驱动筒(22)与活塞(41)形成活塞密封结构(63)，形成液压辅助活塞；
    步骤g、钻杆(90)带动芯轴(1)、连接盘体(21)、传扭杆(23)、驱动筒(22)、悬挂筒(31)继续下行，活塞腔(40)的容积减小，活塞腔(40)内压力升高，阀芯(52)上行，第二通道孔(522)通过阀体连通孔(512)、第一连通透孔(13)与芯轴(1)的内腔连通，活塞腔(40)与芯轴(1)的内腔连通，活塞腔(40)内的流体流入芯轴(1)的内腔；钻杆(90)继续下行，钻杆(90)的竖直方向的位移达到预定设计的位移时，第二凸台部(414)的顶部端面上顶阀芯(52)，活塞腔(40)通过第二通道孔(522)、阀体连通孔(512)、第一连通透孔(13)与芯轴(1)的内腔连通；
    步骤h、在地面钻井平台处操作液压设备向钻杆(90)内增压，高压流体通过第一连通透孔(13)、阀体连通孔(512)进入活塞腔(40)，驱动筒(22)在高压流体的推动下剪断剪切销钉(25)继续下行；
    步骤i、驱动筒(22)的底部端面将液压力传递至环空密封装置(91)上，环空密封装置(91)密封水下井口与套管头(92)之间的环形空间，实现环空密封装置的坐封；
    步骤j、停止增压，对钻杆(90)施加轴向上拉力，带动芯轴(1)、连接盘体(21)、传扭杆(23)、悬挂筒(31)上行，在轴向上提力的作用下，弹性销钉(32)被剪断，深水钻井用套管头与环空密封装置下入工具(100)和环空密封装置(91)解脱；
    步骤k、上提钻杆(90)，将深水钻井用套管头与环空密封装置下入工具(100)起出水下井口至地面平台，完成套管头(92)和环空密封装置(91)的安装。
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