WO2019198702A1 - Élément de commande de propagation d'ondes électromagnétiques, structure de commande de propagation d'ondes électromagnétiques, châssis monté sur élément de commande d'ondes électromagnétiques, structure de fenêtre et appareil électronique - Google Patents

Élément de commande de propagation d'ondes électromagnétiques, structure de commande de propagation d'ondes électromagnétiques, châssis monté sur élément de commande d'ondes électromagnétiques, structure de fenêtre et appareil électronique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019198702A1
WO2019198702A1 PCT/JP2019/015422 JP2019015422W WO2019198702A1 WO 2019198702 A1 WO2019198702 A1 WO 2019198702A1 JP 2019015422 W JP2019015422 W JP 2019015422W WO 2019198702 A1 WO2019198702 A1 WO 2019198702A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
electromagnetic wave
control member
wave propagation
propagation control
conductor
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2019/015422
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
賢太郎 三川
Original Assignee
株式会社村田製作所
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Application filed by 株式会社村田製作所 filed Critical 株式会社村田製作所
Priority to JP2020513403A priority Critical patent/JP6965989B2/ja
Publication of WO2019198702A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019198702A1/fr

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B7/00—Special arrangements or measures in connection with doors or windows
    • E06B7/28—Other arrangements on doors or windows, e.g. door-plates, windows adapted to carry plants, hooks for window cleaners
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q17/00—Devices for absorbing waves radiated from an antenna; Combinations of such devices with active antenna elements or systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
    • H01Q19/06—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using refracting or diffracting devices, e.g. lens

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an electromagnetic wave propagation control member that controls the propagation of electromagnetic waves, an electromagnetic wave propagation control structure, a sash with an electromagnetic wave propagation control member including them, a window structure, and an electronic device.
  • Patent Document 1 discloses a sash with improved heat insulation and sound insulation by using a double glass window frame.
  • FIG. 34 is a diagram showing the action of the diffraction.
  • the sash 2 is made of, for example, aluminum.
  • a window glass 1 is fitted in the sash 2. Electromagnetic waves transmitted and received between the antenna 11 of the outdoor base station and the antenna 12 of the indoor mobile communication terminal pass through the window glass 1.
  • the electromagnetic wave from the antenna 11 of the base station is almost a plane wave, but this plane wave is diffracted by the sash 2 and spreads. Therefore, the intensity of electromagnetic waves received by the antenna 12 of the indoor mobile communication terminal is weakened, and the communication characteristics may be deteriorated. Also, when the antenna 12 of the indoor mobile communication terminal and the antenna 11 of the outdoor base station are in a positional relationship that cannot be directly viewed through the window, the intensity of the electromagnetic wave contributing to communication may be weak and the communication characteristics may deteriorate. is there.
  • the above-mentioned problem occurs not only in communication through a window of a house or building, but also in a situation where communication or broadcast reception is performed through an opening through which electromagnetic waves pass. Further, in an electronic device or the like, the same occurs when communication is performed between a communication device on the outside and a communication circuit on the inside via a window.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide an electromagnetic wave propagation control member for appropriately controlling the behavior of electromagnetic waves in an opening when performing communication or broadcast reception through the opening of the electromagnetic wave, such as any window or an electromagnetic wave transmission part of an electronic device.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a propagation control structure, a sash with an electromagnetic wave propagation control member including the same, a window structure, and an electronic device.
  • An electromagnetic wave propagation control member as an example of the present disclosure is disposed at an edge of an opening through which an electromagnetic wave passes and has a groove defined by a conductor.
  • the depth of this groove in the direction perpendicular to the surface of the opening is
  • the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave is ⁇
  • the relative dielectric constant in the groove is ⁇ r
  • the positive integer is N, ( ⁇ / ⁇ r) (1/8 + N / 2) or more, And ( ⁇ / ⁇ r) (3/8 + N / 2) or less, It is characterized by that.
  • the electromagnetic wave propagation control member having the above configuration suppresses propagation of an electromagnetic wave that is diffracted at the edge of the opening and propagates along the electromagnetic wave propagation control member. As a result, propagation of electromagnetic waves that do not contribute to communication due to diffraction is suppressed, and as a result, the intensity of electromagnetic waves that contribute to communication can be improved.
  • An electromagnetic wave propagation control member as an example of the present disclosure is disposed at the edge of an opening through which an electromagnetic wave passes, and has a conductor surface parallel to the surface of the opening and a strip-like conductive member spaced in parallel to the conductor surface. And having a body. The distance from this conductor surface to the strip-shaped conductor is When the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave is ⁇ , the relative dielectric constant of the member interposed between the conductor surface and the strip-shaped conductor is ⁇ r, and the positive integer is represented by N, ( ⁇ / ⁇ r) (1/8 + N / 2) or more, And ( ⁇ / ⁇ r) (3/8 + N / 2) or less, It is characterized by that.
  • the electromagnetic wave propagation control member having the above configuration suppresses propagation of an electromagnetic wave that is diffracted at the edge of the opening and propagates along the electromagnetic wave propagation control member. This suppresses propagation of electromagnetic waves that do not contribute to communication or broadcast reception due to diffraction, and as a result, it is possible to improve the intensity of electromagnetic waves that contribute to communication or broadcast reception.
  • the electromagnetic wave propagation control member as an example of the present disclosure preferably has a relationship in which the groove extending direction is orthogonal to the polarization direction of the electromagnetic wave in the configuration described in (1) above. As a result, the electromagnetic waves that are diffracted and propagate along the electromagnetic wave propagation control member can be effectively suppressed.
  • the electromagnetic wave propagation control member as an example of the present disclosure is preferably configured so that the extending direction of the band-shaped conductor is orthogonal to the polarization direction of the electromagnetic wave in the configuration described in (2) above. .
  • the electromagnetic waves that are diffracted and propagate along the electromagnetic wave propagation control member can be effectively suppressed.
  • the extending direction of the groove coincides with the polarization direction of the electromagnetic wave. This facilitates propagation of electromagnetic waves along the electromagnetic wave propagation control member.
  • the electromagnetic wave propagation control member as an example of the present disclosure is configured as described in (2) above.
  • the direction in which the strip-shaped conductor extends is preferably orthogonal to the polarization direction of the electromagnetic wave. This facilitates propagation of electromagnetic waves along the electromagnetic wave propagation control member.
  • the width of the groove is preferably 1 ⁇ 2 or less of the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave.
  • the electromagnetic wave is an electromagnetic wave in a frequency band typically used in broadcasting or communication. Accordingly, propagation of electromagnetic waves that do not contribute to communication or broadcast reception due to diffraction at the edge of the opening through which the electromagnetic waves pass is suppressed, and as a result, the intensity of the electromagnetic waves that contribute to communication or broadcast reception can be improved.
  • An electromagnetic wave propagation control structure includes the electromagnetic wave propagation control member according to any one of (1) to (8) and a planar lens that is formed in the opening and controls directivity or directivity direction. And an antenna.
  • the sash with an electromagnetic wave propagation control member according to the present disclosure includes the electromagnetic wave propagation control member according to any one of (1) to (8) and a sash.
  • the opening is a sash opening.
  • the propagation of the electromagnetic wave that is diffracted at the edge of the opening of the sash and propagates along the electromagnetic wave propagation control member is suppressed. This suppresses propagation of electromagnetic waves that do not contribute to communication or broadcast reception due to diffraction, and as a result, it is possible to configure a window with high electromagnetic wave transmission performance that contributes to communication or broadcast reception.
  • a window structure of the present disclosure includes the electromagnetic wave propagation control member according to any one of (1) to (8), a sash, and a window glass, and the window glass is arranged in parallel and has a length.
  • the conductor pattern refracts the electromagnetic wave by providing a distribution in an amount that delays the phase of the electromagnetic wave transmitted through the window glass by the arrangement of the conductor pattern.
  • the window structure having the above configuration not only the diffraction at the edge of the opening but also the propagation of electromagnetic waves can be controlled more greatly by refracting at the opening.
  • An electronic device is provided in a part of a housing, an opening through which an electromagnetic wave passes, a planar lens antenna that is formed in the opening and controls the directivity or direction of the electromagnetic wave, and the planar lens An antenna that transmits, receives, or transmits / receives electromagnetic waves via the antenna.
  • an electromagnetic wave propagation control member for appropriately controlling the behavior of electromagnetic waves in the opening, electromagnetic wave propagation control A structure, a sash with an electromagnetic wave propagation control member including them, a window structure, and an electronic device can be obtained.
  • FIG. 1A is a front view of a sash with an electromagnetic wave propagation control member according to the first embodiment
  • FIG. 1B is a cross-sectional view of a window including the sash with an electromagnetic wave propagation control member.
  • 2A and 2B are front views showing a structure for attaching the electromagnetic wave propagation control member 5 to the sash 2.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a wavefront of an electromagnetic wave passing through the opening (window glass 1) of the sash 101 with the electromagnetic wave propagation control member.
  • FIG. 4 is a front view of the electromagnetic wave propagation control member 5 and a right side view thereof.
  • FIG. 5A and FIG. 5B are diagrams showing boundary conditions in the actual electrical conductor surface ECS.
  • FIG. 5A and FIG. 5B are diagrams showing boundary conditions in the actual electrical conductor surface ECS.
  • FIG. 5C is a diagram illustrating an electromagnetic wave in which the polarization direction (the vibration direction of the electric field) is parallel to the electric conductor surface ECS.
  • FIG. 5D shows an electromagnetic wave in which the polarization direction (electric field vibration direction) is perpendicular to the electric conductor surface ECS.
  • FIG. 6A and FIG. 6B are diagrams showing boundary conditions on the equivalent magnetic conductor surface MCS.
  • FIG. 6C is a diagram showing an electromagnetic wave whose polarization direction (electric field vibration direction) is parallel to the equivalent magnetic conductor surface MCS.
  • FIG. 6D is a diagram showing an electromagnetic wave whose polarization direction (electric field vibration direction) is perpendicular to the equivalent magnetic conductor surface MCS.
  • FIGS. 7A and 7B are perspective views of a surface in which the electric conductor surface ECS and the equivalent magnetic conductor surface MCS are repeatedly arranged in a direction perpendicular to the direction in which the electromagnetic wave travels.
  • FIGS. 8A and 8B are perspective views of a surface in which the electric conductor surface ECS and the equivalent magnetic conductor surface MCS are repeatedly arranged in a direction parallel to the direction in which the electromagnetic wave travels.
  • FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing an example in which an equivalent magnetic conductor surface is formed by an electric conductor surface.
  • FIG. 10 is a partial perspective view of the electromagnetic wave propagation control member 5 in which the electric conductor surface ECS and the equivalent magnetic conductor surface MCS are repeatedly arranged.
  • FIG. 11 is a partial perspective view of the electromagnetic wave propagation control member 5 according to the second embodiment.
  • FIG. 12 is a front view and a right side view of the electromagnetic wave propagation control member 5 according to the second embodiment.
  • FIG. 13A and FIG. 13B are front views showing the attachment structure of the electromagnetic wave propagation control member 5 to the sash 2 according to the third embodiment.
  • FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating a wavefront of an electromagnetic wave passing through the opening (window glass 1) of the sash 101 with the electromagnetic wave propagation control member according to the third embodiment.
  • FIG. 15 is a partial perspective view of the electromagnetic wave propagation control member 5 according to the fourth embodiment.
  • FIG. 16 is a diagram illustrating a conductor pattern 9 which is one element of a planar lens antenna according to the fifth embodiment and a pseudo transmission line thereof.
  • FIG. 17 is a diagram illustrating the relationship between the frequency and phase of transmitted waves for several conductors through which electromagnetic waves are transmitted.
  • FIG. 18 is a perspective view showing an example of a conductor pattern formed on the window glass 1.
  • FIG. 19 is a diagram showing an example in which a large number of conductor patterns are formed on the window glass 1.
  • FIG. 20 is a perspective view showing an example of a conductor pattern formed on the window glass 1.
  • FIG. 21 is a diagram showing an example in which a large number of conductor patterns are formed on the window glass 1.
  • FIG. 22 is a front view and a schematic left side view of a sash 103 with an electromagnetic wave propagation control member according to the sixth embodiment.
  • FIG. 23 is a front view and a schematic left side view of a sash 104 with an electromagnetic wave propagation control member according to the seventh embodiment.
  • FIG. 24 is the front view seen from the indoor side of the sash 105 with an electromagnetic wave propagation control member which concerns on 8th Embodiment, the schematic left view, and the rear view (figure seen from the outdoor side).
  • FIG. 25 is a front view and a rear view (viewed from the outdoor side) of another sash with an electromagnetic wave propagation control member according to the eighth embodiment, viewed from the indoor side.
  • FIG. 26 is a partial perspective view of the electromagnetic wave propagation control member in which the entire surface acts as the electric conductor surface ECS.
  • FIG. 27 is the front view seen from the indoor side of the sash 106 with an electromagnetic wave propagation control member which concerns on 9th Embodiment, the schematic left view, and the rear view (figure seen from the outdoor side).
  • FIG. 28 is a front view and a rear view (views seen from the outdoor side) of another sash with an electromagnetic wave propagation control member according to the ninth embodiment, viewed from the indoor side.
  • FIG. 29 is a plan view of an electronic apparatus 121 according to the tenth embodiment and a cross-sectional view taken along the line XX.
  • FIG. 30 is a plan view of the electronic device 122 according to the eleventh embodiment.
  • FIG. 31 is a plan view of another electronic device 123 according to the eleventh embodiment.
  • FIG. 32 is a plan view of still another electronic device 124 according to the eleventh embodiment.
  • FIG. 33 is a diagram illustrating a frequency band of an electromagnetic wave to be controlled in the electromagnetic wave propagation control member, the sash with the electromagnetic wave propagation control member, and the window structure according to each embodiment.
  • FIG. 34 is a diagram illustrating the diffraction effect of electromagnetic waves generated in the sash.
  • FIG. 33 shows the use of electromagnetic waves and the frequency band to be used. However, when there are a plurality of frequency bands and they are close to each other, they are collectively shown.
  • FIG. 1 (A) is a front view of a sash 101 with an electromagnetic wave propagation control member according to the first embodiment
  • FIG. 1 (B) is a cross-sectional view of a window provided with this sash with a propagation control member.
  • the window structure 111 includes a sash 2 in which a window glass is fitted and a sash frame 3 to which the sash 2 is attached.
  • a sash 101 with an electromagnetic wave propagation control member is constituted by the sash 2 and the electromagnetic wave propagation control member 5 described in detail later.
  • FIG. 1 (A) is a front view of the sash 2 of the window structure 111 shown in FIG. 1 (B) viewed from the indoor side.
  • the sash 2 is attached to the sash frame 3 so as to be slidable or fixed.
  • the sash frame 3 is attached to the wall 6.
  • a wooden window frame 4 is also shown.
  • FIG. 2 (A) and 2 (B) are front views showing an attachment structure of the electromagnetic wave propagation control member 5 to the sash 2.
  • four electromagnetic wave propagation control members 5 are attached to the four sides that are the edges of the portion where the window glass 1 of the sash 2 is fitted (hereinafter referred to as “opening of the sash 2”).
  • the electromagnetic wave propagation control member 5 is attached so as to circulate along the edge of the opening of the sash 2.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a wavefront of an electromagnetic wave passing through the opening (window glass 1) of the sash 101 with the electromagnetic wave propagation control member.
  • An electromagnetic wave propagation control member 5 is provided on the indoor side surface of the sash 2. Electromagnetic waves transmitted and received between the antenna 11 of the outdoor base station and the antenna 12 of the indoor mobile communication terminal pass through the window glass 1. In this state, diffraction of the electromagnetic wave as shown in FIG. 34 is suppressed by the electromagnetic wave propagation control member 5.
  • FIG. 4 is a front view and a right side view of the electromagnetic wave propagation control member 5.
  • the electromagnetic wave propagation control member 5 has a plurality of conductive grooves G formed by the conductor surface 51 and the plurality of conductor walls 52. Dielectric members 53 are provided inside the grooves G.
  • the conditions of the depth (normal direction) depth D ( ⁇ T direction in the coordinate axis shown in FIG. 4) D of the groove G and the width W of the groove G will be described later.
  • the material and manufacturing method of the electromagnetic wave propagation control member 5 will be described later.
  • FIG. 5A and FIG. 5B are diagrams showing boundary conditions in the actual electrical conductor surface ECS. Since electric and magnetic fields are subject to boundary conditions due to physical properties, electromagnetic waves are also subject to boundary conditions.
  • the boundary condition on the electrical conductor surface is Electric field: 0 component parallel to the electrical conductor surface ECS Magnetic field: 0 component perpendicular to the electrical conductor surface ECS It is.
  • the electric field E indicated by the solid line arrow shown in FIG. 5A is a component of the electric field in the direction perpendicular to the electric conductor surface ECS, and can exist.
  • An electric field E indicated by a broken-line arrow is a component of the electric field in a direction parallel to the electric conductor surface ECS and cannot exist.
  • the magnetic field H indicated by the solid line arrow shown in FIG. 5B is a component of the magnetic field in the direction parallel to the electric conductor surface ECS, and this can exist. Further, the magnetic field H indicated by the broken-line arrow is a component of the magnetic field in the direction perpendicular to the electric conductor surface ECS and cannot exist.
  • FIG. 5C is a diagram showing an electromagnetic wave in which the polarization direction (the vibration direction of the electric field) is parallel to the electric conductor surface ECS.
  • the pointing vector is represented by S. Since the electric field E of this electromagnetic wave is parallel to the electric conductor surface ECS and the magnetic field H is perpendicular to the electric conductor surface ECS, the electromagnetic wave in this polarization direction cannot propagate.
  • FIG. 5D is a diagram showing an electromagnetic wave in which the polarization direction (electric field vibration direction) is perpendicular to the electric conductor surface ECS.
  • the pointing vector is represented by S. Since the electric field E of this electromagnetic wave is in a direction perpendicular to the electric conductor surface ECS and the magnetic field H is in a direction parallel to the electric conductor surface ECS, the electromagnetic wave in this polarization direction propagates.
  • the boundary condition on the virtual magnetic conductor surface is Magnetic field: 0 component parallel to the magnetic conductor surface
  • a magnetic field H indicated by a solid line arrow shown in FIG. 6A is a diagram showing a component of the magnetic field in a direction perpendicular to the equivalent magnetic conductor surface MCS. This component can be present.
  • a magnetic field H indicated by a broken-line arrow is a diagram showing a component of the magnetic field in a direction parallel to the equivalent magnetic conductor surface MCS. This component cannot be present.
  • the electric field E indicated by the solid line arrow shown in FIG. 6B is a component of the electric field in the direction parallel to the equivalent magnetic conductor surface MCS, and this can exist.
  • An electric field E indicated by a broken line arrow is a component of the electric field in a direction perpendicular to the equivalent magnetic conductor surface MCS and cannot exist.
  • FIG. 6C is a diagram showing an electromagnetic wave in which the polarization direction (the vibration direction of the electric field) is parallel to the equivalent magnetic conductor surface MCS.
  • the pointing vector is represented by S. Since the electric field E of this electromagnetic wave is parallel to the equivalent magnetic conductor surface MCS and the magnetic field H is perpendicular to the equivalent magnetic conductor surface MCS, the electromagnetic wave in this polarization direction propagates.
  • FIG. 6D is a diagram showing an electromagnetic wave in which the polarization direction (electric field vibration direction) is perpendicular to the equivalent magnetic conductor surface MCS.
  • the pointing vector is represented by S. Since the electric field E of this electromagnetic wave is in a direction perpendicular to the equivalent magnetic conductor surface MCS and the magnetic field H is in a direction parallel to the equivalent magnetic conductor surface MCS, the electromagnetic wave in this polarization direction cannot propagate.
  • FIGS. 7A and 7B are perspective views of a surface in which the electric conductor surface ECS and the equivalent magnetic conductor surface MCS are repeatedly arranged in a direction perpendicular to the direction in which the electromagnetic wave travels.
  • Electromagnetic waves whose polarization direction is perpendicular to the electric conductor surface ECS and the equivalent magnetic conductor surface MCS are prevented from propagating on the electric conductor surface ECS as shown in FIG. Also, propagation of electromagnetic waves whose polarization direction is parallel to the electric conductor surface ECS and the equivalent magnetic conductor surface MCS is hindered by the equivalent magnetic conductor surface MCS as shown in FIG. 7B. That is, the surface where the electric conductor surface ECS and the equivalent magnetic conductor surface MCS are repeatedly arranged in the direction perpendicular to the direction in which the electromagnetic wave travels is a surface on which the electromagnetic wave cannot propagate. Hereafter, this surface is called “Soft Surface”.
  • FIGS. 8A and 8B are perspective views of a surface in which the electric conductor surface ECS and the equivalent magnetic conductor surface MCS are repeatedly arranged in a direction parallel to the direction in which the electromagnetic wave travels.
  • Electromagnetic waves whose polarization direction is perpendicular to the electric conductor surface ECS and the equivalent magnetic conductor surface MCS can propagate on the electric conductor surface ECS as shown in FIG.
  • an electromagnetic wave whose polarization direction is parallel to the electric conductor surface ECS and the equivalent magnetic conductor surface MCS can propagate on the electric conductor surface ECS as shown in FIG. 8B. That is, the surface where the electric conductor surface ECS and the equivalent magnetic conductor surface MCS are repeatedly arranged in a direction parallel to the direction in which the electromagnetic wave travels is a surface on which the electromagnetic wave propagates.
  • this surface is called “Hard Surface”.
  • the electric field is restricted on the electric conductor surface (electric field 0) (fixed end reflection).
  • the magnetic field is not restricted (free end reflection). That is, on the electric conductor surface, the electric field strength is 0 and the magnetic field amplitude is maximum.
  • the electric field amplitude is maximum and the magnetic field strength is zero. is there.
  • FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing an example in which the equivalent magnetic conductor surface MCS is formed by the electric conductor surface ECS.
  • the electric field strength is 0 and the magnetic field amplitude is maximum.
  • the electric field amplitude is maximum and the magnetic field strength is zero at a position separated by a quarter wavelength in the vertical direction from the electric conductor surface ECS. That is, the surface at a position separated by a quarter wavelength in the vertical direction from the electric conductor surface is the equivalent magnetic conductor surface MCS.
  • FIG. 10 is a partial perspective view of the electromagnetic wave propagation control member 5 in which the electric conductor surface ECS and the equivalent magnetic conductor surface MCS are repeatedly arranged.
  • the electromagnetic wave propagation control member 5 has a plurality of conductor walls 52 arranged on a conductor surface 51.
  • a groove G is formed between the conductor wall 52 and the conductor wall 52 adjacent thereto.
  • the upper surface of the conductor wall 52 acts as the electric conductor surface ECS.
  • the depth D of the groove G (the height of the conductor wall 52) D is 1 ⁇ 4 of the wavelength ⁇ of the electromagnetic wave whose propagation is to be controlled.
  • the depth D of the groove G may be ⁇ / 4 ⁇ r in consideration of the wavelength shortening effect by the dielectric. Further, even if there is an integer bias of 1 ⁇ 2 wavelength, it works in the same way, so the depth D of the groove G may be ( ⁇ / ⁇ r) (1/4 + N / 2). Here, N is a positive integer. That is, the electrical length may be 1 ⁇ 4. Furthermore, considering the allowable range of ⁇ 1/8 wavelength, the depth of the groove G (the height of the conductor wall 52) D is ( ⁇ / ⁇ r) (1/8 + N / 2) or more, And ( ⁇ / ⁇ r) (3/8 + N / 2) or less.
  • the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave inside the groove changes due to the shape of the groove G or the physical properties inside the groove G, if the changed wavelength is ⁇ g, it may be ⁇ g (1/4 + N / 2). . That is, when the inside of the groove G is viewed on the opening surface of the groove G, the phase difference between the incident wave and the reflected wave of the electromagnetic wave may be 2Z ⁇ (Z is an integer). Further, considering the allowable range of ⁇ ⁇ / 2 minutes, the phase difference between the incident wave and the reflected wave of the electromagnetic wave is as follows when the inside of the groove G is viewed on the opening surface of the groove G. (2Z-1/2) ⁇ or more, And (2Z + 1/2) ⁇ or less.
  • the space between the upper surface of the conductor wall 52 and the upper surface of the conductor wall 52 adjacent thereto acts as an equivalent magnetic conductor surface MCS. Therefore, the electromagnetic wave propagation control member 5 acts as “Hard Surface” for the electromagnetic wave propagating in the direction (R direction) along the conductor wall 52 and propagates in the intersecting direction (S direction) of the conductor wall 52. Acts as “Soft Surface” for electromagnetic waves.
  • the width Wg of the groove G is set to 1 ⁇ 2 or less of the wavelength ⁇ of the electromagnetic wave to be prevented from propagating.
  • an electromagnetic wave whose polarization direction is parallel to the electric conductor surface ECS and the equivalent magnetic conductor surface MCS does not propagate in a cut-off state when the groove G is viewed as an electromagnetic wave propagation path.
  • the electromagnetic wave whose polarization direction is parallel to the electric conductor surface ECS and the equivalent magnetic conductor surface MCS does not propagate in the groove G, the influence of the equivalent magnetic conductor surface MCS can be seen for this electromagnetic wave. Since only the influence of the electric conductor surface ECS can be seen, this electromagnetic wave is difficult to propagate.
  • the width Wg of the groove G is set to 1 ⁇ 2 or less of the wavelength ⁇ of the electromagnetic wave to be propagated. This is because the groove G cuts off an electromagnetic wave whose polarization direction is perpendicular to the electric conductor surface ECS and the equivalent magnetic conductor surface MCS. As a result, an electromagnetic wave whose polarization direction is perpendicular to the electric conductor surface ECS and the equivalent magnetic conductor surface MCS does not propagate in the groove G, so that the influence of the equivalent magnetic conductor surface MCS cannot be seen on this electromagnetic wave. Since only the influence of the electric conductor surface ECS can be seen, this electromagnetic wave easily propagates.
  • the electromagnetic wave propagation control member 5 When the electromagnetic wave propagation control member 5 is used as a “Hard Surface” ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ , if the polarization direction of the electromagnetic wave propagating along the conductor wall 52 is perpendicular to the “Hard Surface”, the electromagnetic wave Therefore, the propagation efficiency is higher as the width W52 of the conductor wall 52 is larger than the width Wg of the groove G in a ratio of a certain width. On the contrary, if the polarization direction of the electromagnetic wave is parallel to “Hard Surface”, the electromagnetic wave propagates through the groove G. Therefore, the width Wg of the groove G is equal to the constant width of the conductor wall 52. The larger the width W52, the higher the propagation efficiency. Therefore, when the electromagnetic wave propagation control member 5 is used as “Hard Surface”, it is possible to provide selectivity according to the polarization direction by determining the ratio between the width W52 of the conductor wall 52 and the width Wg of the groove G. it can.
  • the conductor surface 51 and the conductor wall 52 correspond to the conductor surface 51 and the conductor wall 52 shown in FIG.
  • the electromagnetic wave propagation control member 5 is attached to the edge of the opening of the sash 2 so that the direction orthogonal to the opening edge of the sash 2 becomes “Soft” Surface ”. Accordingly, diffraction at the edge of the opening of the sash 2 is suppressed. Accordingly, the intensity of the electromagnetic wave traveling straight through the opening is increased.
  • the electromagnetic wave propagation control member 5 shown in FIG. 4 There are several methods for manufacturing the electromagnetic wave propagation control member 5 shown in FIG. 4, and one of them is a plurality of conductor layers and a plurality of dielectric base layers made of a sintered body of Cu foil or Cu paste. Stacks that are alternately stacked are formed.
  • This manufacturing method is basically the same as the manufacturing method of the multilayer substrate. For example, a ceramic material having a relative dielectric constant ⁇ r of 100 is used. And the conductive surface 51 is formed by apply
  • the electromagnetic wave propagation control member 5 shown in FIG. 4 has a structure in which the dielectric member 53 is filled in the groove G, the wavelength shortening effect in the groove G is larger than that in the case where the groove G is air.
  • the depth of the groove G can be reduced.
  • the groove width (thickness in the stacking direction) W is set to 15 mm so as to satisfy W ⁇ / (2 ⁇ ( ⁇ r)).
  • Second Embodiment an electromagnetic wave propagation control member having a structure different from that shown in the first embodiment will be described.
  • FIG. 11 is a partial perspective view of the electromagnetic wave propagation control member 5 according to the present embodiment.
  • a strip-shaped conductor 54 that is electrically connected to the conductor surface 51 is arranged at a position away from the conductor surface 51 by D in the vertical direction.
  • the strip-shaped conductor 54 is electrically connected to the conductor surface 51 through the via conductor V.
  • the strip-shaped conductor 54 acts as the electric conductor surface ECS. A portion where the strip-shaped conductor 54 does not exist acts as an equivalent magnetic conductor surface MCS. Therefore, the electromagnetic wave propagation control member 5 can be used as “Soft Surface” or “Hard Surface”.
  • the arrangement pitch P of the via conductors V in the extending direction of the strip-shaped conductor 54 is set to 1 ⁇ 2 or less of the wavelength ⁇ of the electromagnetic wave.
  • the gap between the adjacent via conductors V is cut off with respect to the electromagnetic wave, so that there is almost no electromagnetic wave trying to propagate (leak) between the conductor surface 51 and the strip-shaped conductor 54.
  • the via conductor V and the strip-shaped conductor 54 act in the same manner as the conductor wall 52 of the electromagnetic wave propagation control member 5 shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 12 is a front view and a right side view of the electromagnetic wave propagation control member 5 of the present embodiment showing a more specific structure.
  • the electromagnetic wave propagation control member 5 has a conductor surface 51 and a plurality of strip-shaped conductors 54.
  • the strip-shaped conductor 54 and the conductor surface 51 are connected via a plurality of interlayer connection conductors (via conductors) V.
  • the electromagnetic wave propagation control member 5 of this embodiment uses a dielectric base material laminated with Cu foil, patterns the Cu foil, forms via conductors on the dielectric base material, and this Cu foil pattern is formed. A laminate in which a plurality of layers are laminated is formed. In addition, as the strip
  • This manufacturing method is basically the same as the manufacturing method of the multilayer substrate.
  • the conductor sash 2 may also be used as the conductor surface 51 without forming the conductor surface 51 in the laminate.
  • the electromagnetic wave propagation control member 5 shown in FIG. 12 has a structure in which the dielectric member 53 is filled in the gap, the wavelength shortening effect in the gap causes a comparison with the case where the gap is air. , The overall height can be lowered.
  • the direction without the via conductor V can be simply manufactured, and even without the via conductor V, the electromagnetic wave propagation control member 5 can be configured to be “Soft Surface” or “Hard Surface”.
  • the equivalent magnetic conductor surface MCS can be more clearly configured when the via conductor V is present, it is preferable that the via conductor V is present at this point.
  • Third Embodiment in contrast to the sash with the electromagnetic wave propagation control member shown in the first embodiment, an example is shown in which the propagation of the electromagnetic wave is controlled in a direction in which the diffraction generated at the edge of the sash opening is enhanced.
  • FIG. 13 (A) and 13 (B) are front views showing the attachment structure of the electromagnetic wave propagation control member 5 to the sash 2.
  • FIG. 13A four electromagnetic wave propagation control members 5 are attached to the four sides that are the edges of the opening of the sash 2.
  • the electromagnetic wave propagation control member 5 is attached so as to circulate along the edge of the opening of the sash 2.
  • the electromagnetic wave propagation control member 5 is opened in the sash 2 so that the orthogonal direction is “Hard Surface” ⁇ with respect to the edge of the sash 2 opening. It is provided along the edge.
  • the electromagnetic wave propagation control member 5 is provided on the outdoor surface side of the sash 2.
  • FIG. 14 is a diagram showing a wavefront of an electromagnetic wave passing through the opening (window glass 1) of the sash 102 with the electromagnetic wave propagation control member according to the present embodiment.
  • An electromagnetic wave propagation control member 5 is provided on the outdoor side surface of the sash 2. Electromagnetic waves transmitted and received between the antenna 11 of the outdoor base station and the antenna 12 of the indoor mobile communication terminal pass through the window glass 1. In this state, the electromagnetic wave is diffracted at the edge of the opening (window glass 1), but the electromagnetic wave propagation control member 5 acts so as to be "Hard Surface" ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ with respect to the diffraction direction of the electromagnetic wave. Strengthened by the control member 5. As a result, communication is possible even if the antenna 12 of the indoor mobile communication terminal and the antenna 11 of the outdoor base station are in a positional relationship that cannot be directly viewed through the window.
  • the electromagnetic wave propagation control member 5 used in this embodiment the electromagnetic wave propagation control member shown in FIG. 4 or FIG. 12 can be used.
  • the width W of the groove is preferably W ⁇ ⁇ / (2 ⁇ ( ⁇ r)). This facilitates propagation of electromagnetic waves whose polarization direction is parallel to “Hard Surface”, and can propagate electromagnetic waves in all polarization directions.
  • FIG. 15 is a partial perspective view of the electromagnetic wave propagation control member 5 according to the fourth embodiment.
  • this electromagnetic wave propagation control member 5 a plurality of conductor walls 52 are arranged on a conductor surface 51.
  • a groove G is formed between the conductor wall 52 and the conductor wall 52 adjacent thereto. The cross-sectional shapes of the conductor wall 52 and the groove G are “hooked”.
  • the upper surface of the conductor wall 52 acts as an electric conductor surface ECS, and the opening surface of the groove G acts as an equivalent magnetic conductor surface MCS.
  • the groove G is not limited to a shape dug in a direction perpendicular to the “Soft Surface” surface or the “Hard Surface” surface, and the direction may change inside the groove G.
  • the transmission coefficient S21 can be expressed by the following equation using the admittance Y.
  • the conductor pattern has a resonance frequency depending on the size, and reflects an electromagnetic wave when resonating (180 degree phase inversion, transmission is 0). And a conductor pattern gives a phase to a transmitted wave (and reflected wave) also in frequencies other than a resonant frequency. That is, the phase of S21 is the amount of phase shift given to each element in the planar lens antenna. The longer the line and the higher the frequency, the greater the amount of phase shift given. That is, electromagnetic waves are transmitted with a delay.
  • FIG. 17 is a diagram showing the relationship between the frequency and phase of transmitted waves for several conductors through which electromagnetic waves are transmitted.
  • a characteristic line CL1 is a line showing the relationship between the frequency and phase of the transmitted wave for a small conductor pattern.
  • the characteristic line CL2 is a line indicating the relationship between the frequency and phase of the transmitted wave for a large conductor pattern.
  • the characteristic line CL0 is a line indicating the relationship between the frequency and the phase of the transmitted wave with respect to the conductor pattern having an intermediate size.
  • the frequency at which the phase of the transmitted wave is ⁇ 180 degrees is the resonance frequency.
  • the resonance frequency varies depending on the size of the conductor pattern.
  • FIG. 18 is a perspective view showing an example of a conductor pattern formed on the window glass 1.
  • linear conductor patterns 9a, 9b, 9c are formed on the window glass 1.
  • the length of the conductor pattern 9b is longer than the length of the conductor patterns 9a and 9c.
  • the direction in which the conductor patterns 9a, 9b, and 9c extend is the polarization direction (Y direction) of the electromagnetic waves that pass through the window glass 1, the phase of the transmitted wave in each of the conductor patterns 9a, 9b, and 9c is different.
  • the wave is deflected in the XZ plane. In the example shown in FIG.
  • the window glass 1 in which the conductor patterns 9a, 9b, and 9c are formed functions as a planar lens antenna for electromagnetic waves.
  • FIG. 19 is a diagram showing an example in which a large number of conductor patterns are formed on the window glass 1.
  • the linear conductor pattern 9 is a pattern that repeats in the adjacent direction. Then, the conductor pattern is formed so that the phase difference in the repetition period of the conductor pattern is 2 ⁇ between the repeated patterns of the adjacent conductor patterns.
  • patterns within the same repetition period are configured so that the length of the conductor pattern changes more rapidly as the electromagnetic wave is focused, and the amount of phase shift required to focus the electromagnetic wave is adjusted. ing.
  • a Wi-Fi router is installed in the vicinity of the focal point FP shown in FIG. 19, electromagnetic waves contributing to communication increase relatively, so that the intensity of electromagnetic waves transmitted and received between the router and the communication device is increased. And can communicate under a high S / N ratio. Alternatively, communication can be performed using a communication method with an increased communication speed (a large communication capacity).
  • FIG. 20 is a perspective view showing an example of a conductor pattern formed on the window glass 1.
  • linear conductor patterns 9a, 9b, 9c are formed on the window glass 1.
  • the lengths of the conductor patterns 9a and 9c are longer than the length of the conductor pattern 9b.
  • the direction in which the conductor patterns 9a, 9b, and 9c extend is the polarization direction (Y direction) of the electromagnetic waves that pass through the window glass 1
  • the phase of the transmitted wave in each of the conductor patterns 9a, 9b, and 9c is different.
  • the wave is deflected in the XZ plane.
  • the electromagnetic waves that pass through the conductor patterns 9a and 9c are delayed in phase from the electromagnetic waves that pass through the conductor pattern 9b, so that the electromagnetic waves are diffused outward.
  • FIG. 21 is a diagram showing an example in which a large number of conductor patterns are formed on the window glass 1.
  • the linear conductor pattern 9 is a pattern that repeats in the adjacent direction. Then, the conductor pattern is formed so that the phase difference in the repetition period of the conductor pattern is 2 ⁇ between the repeated patterns of the adjacent conductor patterns.
  • the window glass 1 formed with a plurality of conductor patterns shown in FIG. 18 to FIG. 21 is applied to the sash with the electromagnetic wave propagation control member shown in FIG.
  • ⁇ Sixth Embodiment an example of a window structure including an electromagnetic wave propagation control member and a planar lens antenna will be described.
  • the purpose of this window structure is to collect electromagnetic waves flying from an outdoor wide angle range and focus them indoors.
  • FIG. 22 is a front view and a schematic left side view of a sash 103 with an electromagnetic wave propagation control member according to the sixth embodiment.
  • the sash 103 with the electromagnetic wave propagation control member is composed of the sash 2, the window glass 1, and the electromagnetic wave propagation control members 5S and 5H provided on the sash 2.
  • the electromagnetic wave propagation control member 5 ⁇ / b> S is provided on the indoor side of the four sides that are the edges of the opening of the sash 2.
  • An electromagnetic wave propagation control member 5H is provided on the outdoor side of the four sides.
  • the electromagnetic wave propagation control member 5S is a surface in which the electric conductor surface ECS and the equivalent magnetic conductor surface MCS are repeatedly arranged in the radial direction with respect to the window, that is, the direction in which the electromagnetic wave travels, that is, as already described. Configure “Soft Surface”.
  • the electromagnetic wave propagation control member 5H is a surface in which the electric conductor surface ECS and the equivalent magnetic conductor surface MCS are repeatedly arranged in a direction parallel to the radiation direction, that is, the direction in which the electromagnetic wave travels, that is, Construct the “Hard Surface” ⁇ already mentioned Hereinafter, in the sixth embodiment to the eleventh embodiment, “Soft ⁇ ⁇ Surface” and “Hard Surface” are defined with respect to the electromagnetic wave that is going to travel in the radial direction with respect to the window.
  • Soft Surface a surface in which the electric conductor surface ECS and the equivalent magnetic conductor surface MCS are repeatedly arranged in the circumferential direction with respect to the window
  • Hard Surface a surface in which the electric conductor surface ECS and the equivalent magnetic conductor surface MCS are repeatedly arranged in the circumferential direction with respect to the window
  • Hard Surface a surface on which the magnetic conductor surface MCS is repeatedly arranged.
  • the electromagnetic wave propagation control member 5H as “HardfaceSurface” ⁇ at the edge of the opening of the sash 2 on the outdoor side, as shown by the broken line Pa in the figure, around the opening of the sash 2
  • the electromagnetic waves that have arrived are guided to the window glass 1 side, transmitted through the window glass 1 and propagated indoors.
  • an electromagnetic wave propagation control member 5S as “Soft Surface” on the edge of the indoor sash opening, radiation is transmitted around the opening of the sash 2 as indicated by a broken line Pb in the figure. Spreading of electromagnetic waves in the direction is suppressed.
  • the electromagnetic wave propagation control member 5H as the “Hard Surface” on the outdoor side and the electromagnetic wave propagation control member 5S as the “SoftSurface” on the indoor side improve the focusing (condensing) property of the electromagnetic waves from the outdoor to the indoor. .
  • a planar lens antenna made of a conductor pattern 9 is formed in the opening (window glass 1) of the sash 103 with the electromagnetic wave propagation control member.
  • a pattern in which the element size of the conductor pattern 9 increases in order is formed repeatedly from the outside to the inside of the window so that the electromagnetic wave is focused. And it arrange
  • positions so that the phase difference in this period may be set to 2 ⁇ .
  • the electromagnetic waves are deflected in the arrangement direction in which the sizes of the conductor patterns 9 increase in order, the electromagnetic waves transmitted through the window glass 1 are focused (condensed).
  • the conductor pattern 9 has a rectangular shape and has a vibration mode in the X direction and a vibration mode in the Y direction.
  • the plurality of sizes of rectangular conductor patterns 9 are arranged so that the element sizes of the conductor patterns 9 increase in order from the inside to the outside of the window in both the X direction and the Y direction,
  • the electromagnetic wave is focused (condensed) in both the X direction and the Y direction.
  • the change in the element size is steep from the central part of the window glass 1 to the outer peripheral part.
  • the change amount of the phase difference which a plane lens gives to electromagnetic waves is so large that an outer peripheral part, and the deflection angle to the central-axis direction of electromagnetic waves is large.
  • the focusing (condensing) property of the electromagnetic wave to the focal point is enhanced.
  • a predetermined gain can be secured without placing the mobile router near a window.
  • the shape of the conductor pattern 9 may be any shape having an X-direction component and a Y-direction component.
  • the shape may be a cross shape, an L shape, a T shape, a saddle shape, an ⁇ shape, or the like. May be.
  • the conductor pattern for forming the planar lens antenna may be formed on the front surface, the back surface, or the inside of the window glass.
  • the gain at the focal position is increased by the synergistic effect of the induction / focusing action by the electromagnetic wave propagation control members 5S and 5H formed at the edge of the opening of the sash 2 and the focusing action by the planar lens antenna.
  • the said conductor pattern 9 may be comprised with transparent electrodes, such as an ITO film
  • transparent electrodes such as an ITO film
  • ⁇ Seventh Embodiment an example of a window structure including an electromagnetic wave propagation control member and a planar lens antenna will be described.
  • This window structure is intended to collect electromagnetic waves flying from an outdoor wide angle range and diffuse them indoors.
  • FIG. 23 is a front view and a left side view of a sash 104 with an electromagnetic wave propagation control member according to the seventh embodiment.
  • the sash 104 with the electromagnetic wave propagation control member is constituted by the sash 2, the window glass 1, and the electromagnetic wave propagation control member 5H provided on the sash 2.
  • the electromagnetic wave propagation control member 5H is provided on the indoor side of the four sides which are the edges of the opening of the sash 2.
  • An electromagnetic wave propagation control member 5H is also provided on the outdoor side of the four sides.
  • the electromagnetic wave propagation control member 5H constitutes the “Hard Surface” already described.
  • the electromagnetic wave propagation control member 5H as “HardfaceSurface” ⁇ at the edge of the opening of the sash 2 on the outdoor side, as shown by the broken line Pa in the figure, around the opening of the sash 2
  • the electromagnetic waves that have arrived are guided to the window glass 1 side, transmitted through the window glass 1 and propagated indoors.
  • an electromagnetic wave propagation control member 5H as “Hard Surface” on the edge of the opening of the indoor sash as shown by a broken line Pc in the figure, the sash 2 is transmitted to the indoor side, Electromagnetic waves spread.
  • a planar lens antenna made of a conductor pattern 9 is formed in the opening (window glass 1) of the sash 104 with the electromagnetic wave propagation control member.
  • a pattern in which the element size of the conductor pattern 9 increases in order is formed repeatedly from the inside to the outside of the window so that the electromagnetic wave is diffused. And it arrange
  • positions so that the phase difference in this period may be set to 2 ⁇ .
  • the electromagnetic waves are deflected in the arrangement direction in which the sizes of the conductor patterns 9 increase in order, the electromagnetic waves transmitted through the window glass 1 are diffused.
  • the conductor pattern 9 has a rectangular shape and has a vibration mode in the X direction and a vibration mode in the Y direction. Further, in both the X direction and the Y direction, the rectangular conductor patterns of a plurality of sizes are arranged so that the size of the element due to the conductor pattern increases in order from the inside to the outside of the window. Both X and Y directions are diffused.
  • the change in the element size is steep from the outer peripheral part of the window glass 1 to the central part.
  • the central part (inner side) of the flat lens antenna is likely to generate a straight electromagnetic wave.
  • the amount of phase change that the flat lens gives to the electromagnetic wave is larger in the central part, and the electromagnetic wave is directed toward the outer periphery (radiation direction). Effectively deflected. As a result, the diffusibility of electromagnetic waves increases.
  • the shape of the conductor pattern 9 may be any shape having an X-direction component and a Y-direction component.
  • the shape may be a cross shape, an L shape, a T shape, a saddle shape, an ⁇ shape, or the like. May be.
  • the conductor pattern for forming the planar lens antenna may be formed on the front surface, the back surface, or the inside of the window glass.
  • the strength of the electromagnetic wave introduced into the room through the window is increased by the induction action by the electromagnetic wave propagation control member 5H formed at the edge of the opening of the sash 2 on the outdoor side. Further, electromagnetic waves can be blown to every corner of the room (indoors) by the synergistic effect of the diffusion action by the electromagnetic wave propagation control member 5H formed at the indoor edge of the opening of the sash 2 and the diffusion action by the flat lens antenna.
  • a window structure including an electromagnetic wave propagation control member and a planar lens antenna will be described.
  • the purpose of this window structure is to effectively communicate with vertically polarized electromagnetic waves between an antenna located higher than the height of the window (for example, a base station antenna of a mobile phone) and a mobile phone in a room. To do.
  • FIG. 24 is a front view of the sash 105 with an electromagnetic wave propagation control member according to the eighth embodiment viewed from the indoor side, a schematic left side view thereof, and a rear view (view viewed from the outdoor side).
  • the sash 105 with the electromagnetic wave propagation control member is composed of the sash 2, the window glass 1, and the electromagnetic wave propagation control member 5S and the electrode film 5W provided on the sash 2.
  • electromagnetic wave propagation control members 5S are provided on the four sides of the edge of the opening. Further, on the outdoor side, electromagnetic wave propagation control members 5H are provided on the left and right sides and the upper side. An electromagnetic wave propagation control member 5S is provided on the lower side.
  • the electromagnetic wave propagation control member 5S constitutes the “Soft Surface” described above.
  • the electromagnetic wave propagation control member 5H constitutes the above-mentioned “HardurSurface”.
  • the electromagnetic wave propagation control member 5H is provided at the upper part of the edge of the opening of the sash on the outdoor side, the electromagnetic wave reaching the high sash position is guided to the window glass 1 as indicated by the broken line Pa in the figure.
  • the electromagnetic wave propagation control member 5S is provided below the edge of the opening of the sash on the outdoor side, as shown by the broken line Pd in the figure, electromagnetic waves that do not enter the window glass 1 are suppressed, and the window glass 1 is The amount of permeation increases.
  • the electromagnetic wave propagation control member 5S is formed at the edge of the indoor sash opening, thereby suppressing the electromagnetic wave from spreading in the radiation direction along the periphery of the sash opening as shown by the broken line Pb in the figure. Is done.
  • a planar lens antenna made of a conductor pattern 9 is formed in the opening (window glass 1) of the sash 105 with the electromagnetic wave propagation control member.
  • the conductor pattern is periodically and repeatedly formed so that the element size of the conductor pattern 9 increases in order from the lower side to the upper side among the four sides that are the edges of the opening of the sash 2. And it arrange
  • positions so that the phase difference in this period may be set to 2 ⁇ . For this reason, the phase of the electromagnetic wave on the upper side (the electromagnetic wave arrival direction side in the height direction) is delayed, and the electromagnetic wave is deflected. Then, when the phase planes are aligned at a position parallel to the surface of the window glass 1, the electromagnetic wave propagates indoors in a direction perpendicular to the window glass 1.
  • the left and right electromagnetic wave propagation control members 5H on the outdoor side among the four sides may be omitted.
  • the left and right electromagnetic wave propagation control members 5S on the indoor side among the four sides may be omitted.
  • the wave source of electromagnetic waves coming from the outside of the window glass 1 comes not only directly above the window but also from a position shifted in the horizontal direction, the left and right electromagnetic wave propagation on the outdoor side of the four sides
  • the control member can efficiently induce electromagnetic waves indoors by setting “Hard ⁇ Surface” on the side closer to the wave source and “SoftSurface” on the far side.
  • FIG. 25 is a front view and a rear view (viewed from the outdoor side) of another sash with an electromagnetic wave propagation control member according to the eighth embodiment viewed from the indoor side.
  • the present invention is limited to the case where the electromagnetic wave arriving from the antenna located higher than the height of the window is a vertically polarized electromagnetic wave. Therefore, the electric conductor surface ECS or the equivalent magnetic conductor surface MCS is stronger than the “Soft ⁇ Surface” in the effect of blocking the electromagnetic wave, and the effect of propagating the electromagnetic wave is the electric conductor surface ECS or equivalent in the same way as the “Hard Surface”.
  • the magnetic magnetic conductor surface MCS is stronger. Therefore, in the case of electromagnetic waves arriving from an antenna located at a position higher than the height of the window, the “Soft ⁇ ⁇ Surface” on the lower side of the outdoor side and the “Soft Surface” on the upper side and the lower side of the indoor side shown in FIG. Each may be changed to MCS as shown in FIG. Further, the “Hard Surface” on the upper side and the left and right sides shown in FIG. 24 may be changed to ECS as shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 26 is a partial perspective view of an electromagnetic wave propagation control member that causes the entire surface to act as an equivalent magnetic conductor surface MCS.
  • the ECS region shown in FIG. 10 is made smaller as shown in FIG. 26, so that the MCS region becomes larger and the entire surface can act as an MCS.
  • the MCS configured as described above there are combinations of the polarization direction of the electromagnetic wave and the groove formation direction.
  • a groove is formed in a direction perpendicular to the traveling direction S of the electromagnetic wave as shown in FIG. do it. Further, as shown in FIG.
  • the groove G extends in a direction parallel to the traveling direction of the electromagnetic wave. May be formed. That is, when the “Soft Surface” and “HardSurface” shown in FIG. 24 are changed to the MCS shown in FIG. 25, the area of the MCS portion in “Soft Surface” and “HardSurface” may be enlarged as it is.
  • the conductor pattern 9 is preferably a pattern extending in the vertical direction (Y direction).
  • the width in the X direction can be kept narrow, the area ratio of the conductor pattern with respect to the entire surface of the window glass 1 is suppressed, and the amount of electromagnetic waves transmitted increases.
  • Ninth embodiment an example of a window structure including an electromagnetic wave propagation control member and a planar lens antenna will be described.
  • the purpose of this window structure is to effectively perform communication with horizontally polarized electromagnetic waves between an antenna positioned higher than the height of the window and a mobile phone in the room.
  • FIG. 27 is a front view of the sash 106 with an electromagnetic wave propagation control member according to the ninth embodiment viewed from the indoor side, a schematic left side view thereof, and a rear view (view viewed from the outdoor side).
  • the sash 106 with the electromagnetic wave propagation control member is composed of the sash 2, the window glass 1, and the electromagnetic wave propagation control members 5S and 5H provided on the sash 2.
  • electromagnetic wave propagation control members 5S are provided on the upper side, lower side, left side, and right side of the edge of the opening, respectively.
  • electromagnetic wave propagation control members 5H are respectively provided on the upper side, the left side, and the right side.
  • An electromagnetic wave propagation control member 5S is provided on the lower side.
  • the electromagnetic wave propagation control member 5S constitutes the “Soft Surface” described above. Further, the electromagnetic wave propagation control member 5H constitutes the above-mentioned “Hard Surface”.
  • the electromagnetic wave propagation control member 5H constituting the “HardfaceSurface” is provided on the upper edge of the opening of the sash on the outdoor side, as shown by the broken line Pa in the figure, the sash reaches a high position. Electromagnetic waves are induced to the window glass 1. Since an electromagnetic wave propagation control member 5S is provided below the edge of the opening of the sash on the outdoor side, electromagnetic waves that do not enter the window glass 1 are suppressed and transmitted through the window glass 1 as indicated by the broken line Pd in the figure. The amount to be increased.
  • the electromagnetic wave propagation control member 5S is formed on the upper edge of the opening of the sash on the indoor side, the electromagnetic wave spreads in the radiation direction along the periphery of the opening of the sash as indicated by a broken line Pb in the figure. It is suppressed. Further, since the electromagnetic wave propagation control member 5S is formed below the edge of the indoor sash opening, the electromagnetic wave spreads in the radiation direction along the periphery of the sash opening as shown by a broken line Pb in the figure. Is suppressed.
  • this example is limited to the case where the electromagnetic wave arriving from the antenna located higher than the height of the window is a horizontally polarized electromagnetic wave. Therefore, the electric conductor surface ECS or the equivalent magnetic conductor surface MCS is stronger than the “Soft ⁇ Surface” in the effect of blocking the electromagnetic wave, and the effect of propagating the electromagnetic wave is the electric conductor surface ECS or equivalent in the same way as the “Hard Surface”. The magnetic magnetic conductor surface MCS is stronger. Therefore, in the case of electromagnetic waves arriving from an antenna located higher than the height of the window, “Soft Surface” and “Hard Surface” shown in FIG. 27 may be changed to ECS or MCS as shown in FIG.
  • a groove may be formed in a direction perpendicular to the direction S.
  • a groove G is formed in a direction parallel to the traveling direction of the electromagnetic wave as shown in FIG. do it. That is, when the “Soft Surface” and “Hard Surface” shown in FIG. 27 are changed to the MCS shown in FIG. 28, the area of the MCS portion in the “Soft Surface” and “Hard Surface” may be enlarged as it is.
  • a planar lens antenna made of a conductor pattern 9 is formed in the opening (window glass 1) of the sash 106 with an electromagnetic wave propagation control member.
  • the conductor pattern is repeatedly formed so that the line length of the conductor pattern 9 increases from the lower side to the upper side among the four sides that are the edges of the opening of the sash 2.
  • positions so that the phase difference in this period may be set to 2 ⁇ . Therefore, the phase of the upper electromagnetic wave (on the electromagnetic wave arrival direction side) is delayed and the electromagnetic wave is deflected. Then, when the phase planes are aligned at a position parallel to the surface of the window glass 1, the electromagnetic wave propagates indoors in a direction perpendicular to the window glass 1.
  • the conductor pattern 9 is preferably a pattern extending in the horizontal direction (X direction). Moreover, since the width of the Y direction can be kept narrow by this, the area ratio of the conductor pattern with respect to the whole surface of the window glass 1 is suppressed, and the amount of electromagnetic waves transmitted increases.
  • the left and right electromagnetic wave propagation control members 5H on the outdoor side among the four sides may be omitted.
  • the wave source of electromagnetic waves coming from the outside of the window glass 1 comes not only directly above the window but also from a position shifted in the horizontal direction, the left and right electromagnetic wave propagation control on the outdoor side of the four sides is performed.
  • electromagnetic waves can be efficiently induced indoors.
  • FIG. 29 is a plan view of an electronic apparatus 121 according to the tenth embodiment and a cross-sectional view taken along the line XX.
  • the electronic device 121 is a device such as a so-called smartphone or tablet PC.
  • the electronic device 121 includes a housing composed of a metal frame 81 and flat plate portions 82 and 83, and a substrate 71, a communication module 72, and a phased array antenna 73 provided in the housing.
  • One of the flat plate portions 82 and 83 is made of glass or resin, and the other is a display panel.
  • the communication module 72 is a communication module compatible with the fifth generation mobile communication system (5G), and performs communication in, for example, a low SHF band (3 GHz to 6 GHz band).
  • the phased array antenna 73 includes a plurality of patch antennas arranged in the XY plane and a phase control circuit that controls a feeding phase for these patch antennas.
  • This phase control circuit controls the feeding phase to the patch antenna in accordance with the position in the X direction, thereby directing the antenna directing direction in a predetermined direction of + X direction and ⁇ X direction. That is, if the feeding phases for the patch antennas are in phase, the normal direction with respect to the flat plate portion 82 is directed, and if the feeding phase is sequentially delayed along the + X direction, the directing direction is inclined in the + ⁇ direction, and in the ⁇ X direction. If the feeding phase is sequentially delayed along the direction, the directing direction tilts in the - ⁇ direction.
  • the grating lobe appears more conspicuously as the deflection angle becomes larger. Therefore, the effective deflection angle is limited.
  • a flat lens antenna made of the conductor pattern 9 is formed on the flat plate portion 82.
  • the planar lens antenna has a larger element size due to the conductor pattern 9 as it approaches two sides that are edges of the opening of the flat plate portion 82 in the + X direction and the ⁇ X direction. Therefore, the phase of the electromagnetic wave transmitted through the flat plate portion 82 is delayed the closer to the + X direction or the ⁇ X direction. As a result, the deflection angle at the phased array antenna 73 is increased by the planar lens antenna. Therefore, the deflectable angle is enlarged. Alternatively, since the necessary deflection angle in the phased array antenna can be suppressed, the generation of the grating lobe can be suppressed.
  • FIG. 30 is a plan view of the electronic device 122 according to the eleventh embodiment.
  • the electronic device 122 is a device such as a so-called smartphone or tablet PC.
  • the electronic device 122 includes a casing composed of the metal frame 81, the electromagnetic wave propagation control member 5S, and the flat plate portions 82 and 83, and a substrate 71 and a phased array antenna 73 provided in the casing.
  • One of the flat plate portions 82 and 83 is made of glass or resin, and the other is a display panel.
  • a flat lens antenna is formed on the flat plate portion 82 by the conductor pattern 9. It differs from the electronic device 121 shown in FIG. 29 in that an electromagnetic wave propagation control member 5S is provided.
  • the electromagnetic wave propagation control member 5S constitutes “Soft Surface”.
  • the electromagnetic wave propagation control member 5 ⁇ / b> S as “Soft Surface” on the edge of the flat plate portion 82, the propagation of the electromagnetic wave through the electromagnetic wave propagation control member 5 ⁇ / b> S is suppressed. Therefore, the directivity of the electromagnetic wave inclined in the X direction is enhanced as compared with the structure without the electromagnetic wave propagation control member 5S.
  • FIG. 31 is a plan view of another electronic device 123 according to the eleventh embodiment. It differs from the electronic device 122 shown in FIG. 30 in that an electromagnetic wave propagation control member 5H is provided.
  • the electromagnetic wave propagation control member 5H constitutes “Hard Surface”. By forming the electromagnetic wave propagation control member 5H as “Hard Surface” at the edge of the flat plate portion 82, the electromagnetic wave spreads through the electromagnetic wave propagation control member 5H. For this reason, the directivity (sharpness) is lost, but gain is also generated in the lateral direction (X direction) and backward ( ⁇ Z direction).
  • FIG. 32 is a plan view of still another electronic device 124 according to the eleventh embodiment. 30 differs from the electronic device 122 shown in FIG. 30 and the electronic device 123 shown in FIG. 31 in that both the electromagnetic wave propagation control member 5H and the electromagnetic wave propagation control member 5S are provided.
  • An electromagnetic wave propagation control member 5H as a “Hard Surface” is formed on the edge of the flat plate portion 82, and an electromagnetic wave propagation control member 5S as a “Soft Surface” is formed on a part of the side and bottom. Therefore, since the electromagnetic wave spreads through the electromagnetic wave propagation control member 5H, the directivity (sharpness) is lost, but the gain in the lateral direction (X direction) is increased. Moreover, since it is suppressed that an electromagnetic wave spreads along the electromagnetic wave propagation control member 5S, the wraparound of the electromagnetic wave is suppressed. Furthermore, unnecessary interference with the electromagnetic wave that travels backward via the left side in FIG. 32 is suppressed by the presence of the electromagnetic wave propagation control member 5S.
  • the electromagnetic wave propagation control member 5 is provided in the sash 2, but the electromagnetic wave propagation control member 5 is provided in the sash frame 3.
  • the electromagnetic wave propagation control member 5 may be provided on both the sash 2 and the sash frame 3.
  • the electromagnetic wave propagation control member 5 is basically composed of a separate member from the sash 2, but the metal of the sash 2 itself is used.
  • the conductor surface 51 and the conductor wall 52 shown in FIG. 10 may be configured.
  • a dielectric member 53 as shown in FIG. 4 may be embedded in the groove G as required.
  • E Electric field
  • MCS Equivalent magnetic conductor surface V ... Via conductor 1 ... Window glass 2 ... Sash 3 ... Sash frame 4 ... Window frames 5, 5S, 5H ... Electromagnetic waves Propagation control member 5W ... electrode film 6 ... walls 9, 9a, 9b, 9c ... conductor pattern 11 ... base station antenna 12 ... antenna 51 of mobile communication terminal ... conductor surface 52 ... conductor wall 53 ... dielectric member 54 ... band-like conductive Body 71 ... Substrate 72 ... Communication module 73 ... Phased array antenna 81 ... Metal frames 82, 83 ... Flat plate portions 101-106 ... Sash 111 with electromagnetic wave propagation control member ... Window structure 121-124 ... Electronic equipment

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Abstract

L'invention concerne un élément de commande de propagation d'ondes électromagnétiques (5) qui est disposé au bord d'une ouverture à travers laquelle passe une onde électromagnétique, et comprend une rainure définie avec un conducteur. La profondeur de la rainure dans une direction perpendiculaire à la surface de l'ouverture est (λ/√εr)(1/8+N/2) ou plus et (λ/√εr)(3/8+N/2) ou moins, où la longueur d'onde de l'onde électromagnétique est désignée λ, la permittivité relative dans la rainure est désignée par εr, et un nombre entier positif est désigné N. Selon la présente invention, obtenus sont : un élément de commande de propagation d'ondes électromagnétiques qui commande la propagation d'une onde électromagnétique dans l'ouverture lors de la communication ou quand la réception de diffusion est effectuée à travers une ouverture d'une onde électromagnétique telle qu'une fenêtre d'une maison ou d'un bâtiment ; et un châssis et une structure de fenêtre comprenant ledit élément de commande de propagation d'ondes électromagnétiques.
PCT/JP2019/015422 2018-04-09 2019-04-09 Élément de commande de propagation d'ondes électromagnétiques, structure de commande de propagation d'ondes électromagnétiques, châssis monté sur élément de commande d'ondes électromagnétiques, structure de fenêtre et appareil électronique WO2019198702A1 (fr)

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WO2022091986A1 (fr) * 2020-10-30 2022-05-05 京セラ株式会社 Système et procédé de communication, et procédé d'installation d'une plaque de réfraction d'onde radio
WO2022138397A1 (fr) * 2020-12-25 2022-06-30 Ａｇｃ株式会社 Plaque de réglage de phase, plaque de verre et système de communication sans fil
WO2023132274A1 (fr) * 2022-01-06 2023-07-13 Ａｇｃ株式会社 Corps de focalisation d'ondes radio et verre de fenêtre
JP7504217B2 (ja) 2020-10-30 2024-06-21 京セラ株式会社 通信システムおよび通信方法

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JPH04134909A (ja) * 1990-09-26 1992-05-08 Arimura Giken Kk 回折リング型アンテナ
JPH04238404A (ja) * 1991-01-23 1992-08-26 Nec Corp スカラーフィードホーン
WO2009017203A1 (fr) * 2007-08-02 2009-02-05 Mitsubishi Electric Corporation Structure de raccord de guide d'ondes
JP2015213285A (ja) * 2014-05-07 2015-11-26 パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社 無線ユニット
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WO2017150098A1 (fr) * 2016-02-29 2017-09-08 国立大学法人茨城大学 Méta-matériau de type feuille et lentille de type feuille

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2022091986A1 (fr) * 2020-10-30 2022-05-05 京セラ株式会社 Système et procédé de communication, et procédé d'installation d'une plaque de réfraction d'onde radio
JP7504217B2 (ja) 2020-10-30 2024-06-21 京セラ株式会社 通信システムおよび通信方法
WO2022138397A1 (fr) * 2020-12-25 2022-06-30 Ａｇｃ株式会社 Plaque de réglage de phase, plaque de verre et système de communication sans fil
WO2023132274A1 (fr) * 2022-01-06 2023-07-13 Ａｇｃ株式会社 Corps de focalisation d'ondes radio et verre de fenêtre

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