Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
  • A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
  • A62D1/00—Fire-extinguishing compositions; Use of chemical substances in extinguishing fires
  • A62D1/0028—Liquid extinguishing substances
  • A62D1/0035—Aqueous solutions
  • A62D1/0042—"Wet" water, i.e. containing surfactant
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
  • A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
  • A62D1/00—Fire-extinguishing compositions; Use of chemical substances in extinguishing fires
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
  • A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
  • A62D1/00—Fire-extinguishing compositions; Use of chemical substances in extinguishing fires
  • A62D1/06—Fire-extinguishing compositions; Use of chemical substances in extinguishing fires containing gas-producing, chemically-reactive components

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a fire extinguisher used for a fire extinguisher, a fire extinguisher, or a fire extinguishing equipment.
• aqueous fire extinguisher As a general aqueous fire extinguisher, there is a strengthening liquid fire extinguisher (potassium carbonate aqueous solution having a concentration of 35 to 40% by volume). This is effective for fire A (normal fire), fire B (oil fire) and fire C (electric fire), and is particularly effective in extinguishing tempura oil fires. Be careful. Conventional fire extinguishing agents, including reinforced liquid fire extinguishing agents, do not ensure the safety of the ingredients to the human body. When a fire extinguisher is released due to a fire or misoperation, it is necessary to wash or dispose of the fire extinguisher attached. In other words, because the safety of the extinguishing agent component to the human body has not been secured, secondary damage will occur due to the addition of extinguishing agent in addition to those directly damaged by fire, so this may be reduced It has been demanded.
• a strengthening liquid fire extinguisher potassium carbonate aqueous
• the natural surfactant Since natural surfactants are expensive, a large cost advantage can be obtained by reducing the amount used even slightly. However, the natural surfactant has an effect of foaming and covering the surface of the fire extinguisher, so that the fire extinguishing performance deteriorates when the amount of the natural surfactant used is reduced.
• the natural surfactant is mixed in an amount of 1 to 2 g in a total amount of 100 ml.
• the fire extinguishing performance is “ ⁇ ” for any of the A fire, B fire, and tempura oil fire, indicating that it is particularly effective (Examples 6-3, 6-4, 10-3, 10-4 etc.).
• an object of the present invention is to provide a fire extinguishing agent that has both high fire extinguishing performance and high safety to the human body, and further uses a small amount of natural surfactant.
• the fire extinguisher of the present invention according to claim 1 is composed of one or more carboxylic acid alkali metal salts selected from potassium acetate, potassium citrate, sodium acetate, and sodium citrate, lecithin, saponin, and casein. It is composed of one or more selected natural surfactants and water, and 30 to 55 g of the carboxylic acid alkali metal salt and 0.107 to the natural surfactant in a total amount of 100 ml.
• the present invention according to claim 2 is the fire extinguisher according to claim 1, wherein the alkali metal carboxylate is one or both of acetic acid and citric acid, one or both of potassium carbonate and sodium carbonate, It is obtained by mixing and reacting.
• the alkali metal carboxylate is one or both of acetic acid and citric acid, one or both of potassium carbonate and sodium carbonate, It is obtained by mixing and reacting.
• the present invention according to claim 3 is the fire extinguishing agent according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the lower alcohol having 4 or less carbon atoms specified in the food additive is added in a mass ratio with respect to the natural surfactant.
• the natural surfactant: the lower alcohol 1: 2 to 1:40.
• the present invention according to claim 4 is characterized in that the extinguishing agent according to any one of claims 1 to 3 has a pH of 5.5 to 8.5.
• the fire extinguisher of the present invention it is possible to provide a fire extinguisher that has both high fire extinguishing performance and high safety for the human body, and further uses a small amount of natural surfactant.
• Carboxylic acid alkali metal salt is an effective component for extinguishing fires of fire A (normal fire) and tempura oil fire.
• the natural surfactant has an effect of suppressing evaporation and diffusion of the flammable gas of B fire (oil fire) by foaming and covering the surface of the fire extinguisher. Therefore, according to the present embodiment, it is possible to provide a fire extinguisher having high fire extinguishing performance for any fire of fire A (normal fire), fire B (oil fire), and tempura oil fire.
• the fire extinguisher for C fire (electric fire) is different from other fire extinguishers only in the way of extinguishing the fire extinguisher component, the fire extinguisher of this embodiment is also high for C fire (electric fire). Has fire extinguishing performance.
• potassium citrate, sodium acetate, and sodium citrate are components recognized as food additives in Japan.
• Potassium acetate is a component that has been confirmed to be safe for the human body as a result of a safety evaluation test by FAO (United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization) and JECFA (Joint Food Additives Expert Committee) under WHO (World Health Organization).
• FAO United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization
• JECFA Joint Food Additives Expert Committee
• WHO World Health Organization
• Lecithin, saponin, and casein are ingredients that are recognized as food additives in Japan. Therefore, the fire extinguisher of this embodiment ensures high safety for the human body.
• the fire extinguisher of this embodiment may add an additive as needed, However, The additive shall be the component designated as the food additive.
• the second embodiment of the present invention is the fire extinguisher according to the first embodiment, wherein the alkali metal carboxylate is one or both of acetic acid and citric acid, and one or both of potassium carbonate and sodium carbonate. And obtained by mixing and reacting. According to the present embodiment, using an alkali metal carboxylate obtained by mixing and reacting either or both of acetic acid and citric acid and either or both of potassium carbonate and sodium carbonate. Can do. Acetic acid, citric acid, potassium carbonate, and sodium carbonate are components recognized as food additives in Japan.
• the third embodiment of the present invention is a mass ratio of lower alcohol having 4 or less carbon atoms designated as a food additive to a natural surfactant.
• fire extinguishing performance can be improved.
• the lower alcohol having 4 or less carbon atoms specified for food additives include glycerin, propylene glycol, and polyethylene glycol.
• the extinguishing agent according to any one of the first to third embodiments has a pH of 5.5 to 8.5. According to this embodiment, it is possible to prevent corrosion of a fire extinguisher or the like. In addition, it becomes easy to corrode iron and aluminum as pH is less than 5.5. When pH exceeds 8.5, it will become easy to corrode aluminum.
• the “potassium acetate: saponin” of this fire extinguishing agent is “300: 1” in mass ratio.
• the “potassium acetate: saponin” of this fire extinguishing agent is “280: 1” in mass ratio.
• Example 1-1 30 g of potassium acetate and 0.111 g of saponin were put in a container, water was added to make 100 ml, and a fire extinguisher was obtained by stirring.
• the "potassium acetate: saponin” of this fire extinguisher is "270: 1" by mass ratio.
• the "potassium acetate: saponin” of this fire extinguishing agent is "260: 1" by mass ratio.
• Example 1-3 30 g of potassium acetate and 0.150 g of saponin were put in a container, water was added to make 100 ml, and a fire extinguisher was obtained by stirring.
• the "potassium acetate: saponin” of this fire extinguishing agent is "200: 1" by mass ratio.
• the “potassium acetate: saponin” of this fire extinguishing agent is “150: 1” in mass ratio.
• commercially available potassium acetate can be used.
• acetic acid having a purity of 100% (molecular weight 60 ) 18.4 g and 16.2 g of potassium carbonate (molecular weight 138) with a purity of 99.5% may be mixed and reacted at 50 ° C. or lower, followed by a purification step.
• the extinguishing agent “potassium acetate: lecithin” is “280: 1” in mass ratio.
• Example 2-1 30 g of potassium acetate and 0.111 g of lecithin were put in a container, water was added to make 100 ml, and a fire extinguisher was obtained by stirring.
• the extinguishing agent “potassium acetate: lecithin” is “270: 1” in mass ratio.
• Example 2-2 30 g of potassium acetate and 0.115 g of lecithin were put in a container, water was added to make 100 ml, and a fire extinguisher was obtained by stirring.
• the extinguishing agent “potassium acetate: lecithin” is “260: 1” in mass ratio.
• Example 2-3 30 g of potassium acetate and 0.150 g of lecithin were put in a container, water was added to make 100 ml, and a fire extinguisher was obtained by stirring.
• the "potassium acetate: lecithin" of this fire extinguishing agent is "200: 1" by mass ratio.
• Example 2-4 30 g of potassium acetate and 0.200 g of lecithin were put in a container, water was added to make 100 ml, and a fire extinguisher was obtained by stirring.
• the extinguishing agent “potassium acetate: lecithin” is “150: 1” in mass ratio.
• commercially available potassium acetate can be used.
• acetic acid having a purity of 100% (molecular weight of 60 ) 18.4 g and 16.2 g of potassium carbonate (molecular weight 138) with a purity of 99.5% may be mixed and reacted at 50 ° C. or lower, followed by a purification step.
• Example 3-2 30 g of potassium acetate and 0.115 g of casein were put in a container, water was added to make 100 ml, and a fire extinguisher was obtained by stirring.
• the "potassium acetate: casein” of this fire extinguishing agent is "260: 1" by mass ratio.
• Example 3-3 30 g of potassium acetate and 0.150 g of casein were put in a container, water was added to make 100 ml, and a fire extinguisher was obtained by stirring.
• the "potassium acetate: casein” of this fire extinguishing agent is "200: 1" by mass ratio.
• Example 3-4 30 g of potassium acetate and 0.200 g of casein were put in a container, water was added to make 100 ml, and a fire extinguisher was obtained by stirring.
• the "potassium acetate: casein" of this fire extinguishing agent is "150: 1" in mass ratio.
• commercially available potassium acetate can be used.
• acetic acid having a purity of 100% (molecular weight of 60 ) 18.4 g and 16.2 g of potassium carbonate (molecular weight 138) with a purity of 99.5% may be mixed and reacted at 50 ° C. or lower, followed by a purification step.
• the “potassium acetate: surfactant” of this fire extinguishing agent is “600: 1” in mass ratio.
• the “potassium acetate: surfactant” of this fire extinguishing agent is “300: 1” in mass ratio.
• the “potassium acetate: surfactant” of this fire extinguisher is “280: 1” in mass ratio.
• Example 4-1 30 g of potassium acetate, 0.070 g of saponin, 0.030 g of lecithin and 0.011 g of casein were put in a container, water was added to make 100 ml, and a fire extinguisher was obtained by stirring.
• the “potassium acetate: surfactant” of this fire extinguishing agent is “270: 1” in mass ratio.
• Example 4-2 30 g of potassium acetate, 0.070 g of saponin, 0.030 g of lecithin and 0.015 g of casein were put in a container, water was added to make 100 ml, and a fire extinguisher was obtained by stirring.
• the “potassium acetate: surfactant” of this fire extinguishing agent is “260: 1” in mass ratio.
• the “potassium acetate: surfactant” of this fire extinguishing agent is “200: 1” in mass ratio.
• Example 4-4 30 g of potassium acetate, 0.100 g of saponin, 0.060 g of lecithin and 0.040 g of casein were put in a container, water was added to make 100 ml, and a fire extinguisher was obtained by stirring.
• the “potassium acetate: surfactant” of this fire extinguishing agent is “150: 1” in mass ratio.
• commercially available potassium acetate can be used.
• acetic acid having a purity of 100% (molecular weight of 60 ) 18.4 g and 16.2 g of potassium carbonate (molecular weight 138) with a purity of 99.5% may be mixed and reacted at 50 ° C. or lower, followed by a purification step.
• each fire extinguisher was filled into a 3 L pressure-accumulating fire extinguisher, and the fire extinguisher was sprayed onto the fire extinguishing model from a mist nozzle attached to the fire extinguisher.
• the fire extinguisher of this example is 30 g of potassium acetate, lecithin, even when the ratio of the natural surfactant in the total amount of 100 ml is suppressed to 0.200 g or less.
• a natural surfactant composed of one or more selected from saponin and casein at a ratio of 0.107 to 0.200 g, and the content ratio of the alkali metal carboxylate to the natural surfactant
• natural surfactant 150: 1 to 270: 1 fire extinguishing performance against fire A, fire B, and tempura oil fire is all high.
• potassium acetate is a component that is used as a food additive in EU countries
• lecithin, saponin, and casein are components that are recognized as food additives in Japan, and thus are highly safe for the human body.
• Example 5-1 50 g of potassium acetate and 0.200 g of saponin were put in a container, water was added to make 100 ml, and a fire extinguisher was obtained by stirring.
• the "potassium acetate: saponin" of this fire extinguisher is "250: 1" by mass ratio.
• a commercial item can be used for potassium acetate, for example, 30.6 g of acetic acid having a purity of 100% (molecular weight 60) and 35.2 g of potassium carbonate having a purity of 99.5% (molecular weight 138) are mixed, You may use what was obtained by performing a refinement
• Example 6-1 In Comparative Example 6-1 and Comparative Example 6-2, commercially available potassium citrate can be used. For example, 11.9 g of citric acid having a purity of 100% (molecular weight 192) and purity of 99.5% 12.8 g of potassium carbonate (molecular weight 138) may be mixed and reacted at 50 ° C. or lower, and the product obtained by carrying out a purification step may be used.
• a fire extinguisher was obtained by putting 50 g of potassium citrate and 0.200 g of saponin into a container, adding water to make 100 ml, and stirring.
• the extinguishing agent “potassium citrate: saponin” is “250: 1” in mass ratio.
• a commercially available product can be used as potassium citrate.
• citric acid having a purity of 100% (molecular weight 192) and 31.9 g of potassium carbonate having a purity of 99.5% (molecular weight 138) are mixed. And after making it react at 50 degrees C or less, you may use what was obtained by performing a refinement
• Comparative Example 7-1 and Comparative Example 7-2 commercially available sodium acetate can be used.
• 14.6 g of acetic acid (molecular weight 60) having a purity of 100% and carbonic acid having a purity of 99.5% are used.
• the product obtained by carrying out a purification step may be used.
• 50 g of sodium acetate and 0.200 g of saponin were put in a container, water was added to make 100 ml, and a fire extinguisher was obtained by stirring.
• the fire extinguishing agent “sodium acetate: saponin” is “250: 1” in mass ratio.
• Comparative Example 8-1 and Comparative Example 8-2 commercially available sodium citrate can be used.
• citric acid molecular weight 192
• sodium carbonate molecular weight 106
• 50 g of sodium citrate and 0.200 g of saponin were put in a container, water was added to make 100 ml, and a fire extinguisher was obtained by stirring.
• This fire extinguishing agent “sodium citrate: saponin” is “250: 1” in mass ratio.
• sodium citrate for example, 32.7 g of citric acid having a purity of 100% (molecular weight 192) and 27.0 g of sodium carbonate having a purity of 99.5% (molecular weight 106) are mixed. And after making it react at 50 degrees C or less, you may use what was obtained by performing a refinement
• each fire extinguisher was filled into a 3 L pressure-accumulating fire extinguisher, and the fire extinguisher was sprayed onto the fire extinguishing model from a mist nozzle attached to the fire extinguisher.
• the fire extinguisher of this example is potassium acetate, potassium citrate, even when the ratio of the natural surfactant in the total amount of 100 ml is suppressed to 0.200 g. 50 g of sodium acetate or sodium citrate and 0.200 g of saponin, and the ratio of the content of alkali metal carboxylate to natural surfactant in terms of mass ratio, alkali metal carboxylate: natural
• the surfactant to 250: 1
• the fire extinguishing performance for the A fire, B fire, and tempura oil fire all have a high fire extinguishing performance of “ ⁇ ”.
• the result of the alteration test is “ ⁇ ”, it is excellent in quality retention.
• potassium acetate is a component that is used as a food additive in EU countries
• potassium citrate, sodium acetate, sodium citrate, and saponin are components that are recognized as food additives in Japan. Safety is also high.
• Example 9-1 10 g of potassium acetate and 20 g of sodium acetate and 0.150 g of saponin were put in a container, water was added to make 100 ml, and a fire extinguisher was obtained by stirring.
• the “carboxylic acid alkali metal salt: saponin” of the fire extinguishing agent is “200: 1” in mass ratio.
• the carboxylic acid alkali metal salt a commercially available product can be used. For example, 6.1 g of acetic acid having a purity of 100% and 7.0 g of potassium carbonate having a purity of 99.5% are mixed and reacted at 50 ° C. or lower.
• a purification step was performed to take out 10 g of potassium acetate, and 14.6 g of 100% pure acetic acid and 12.9 g of 99.5% pure sodium carbonate were mixed and reacted at 50 ° C. or lower. You may use what extracted 20 g of sodium acetate by performing a refinement
• 5 g of potassium acetate, 20 g of sodium acetate, 5 g of potassium citrate, 25 g of sodium citrate and 0.200 g of saponin were added to a container, water was added to make 100 ml, and a fire extinguisher was obtained by stirring.
• the “carboxylic acid alkali metal salt: saponin” of the fire extinguishing agent is “275: 1” in mass ratio.
• the carboxylic acid alkali metal salt a commercially available product can be used. For example, 3.0 g of acetic acid having a purity of 100% and 3.5 g of potassium carbonate having a purity of 99.5% are mixed and reacted at 50 ° C. or lower. After purifying, 5 g of potassium acetate was taken out, 2.9 g of 100% purity citric acid and 3.1 g of 99.5% purity potassium carbonate were mixed and reacted at 50 ° C. or lower.
• Example 9-1 and Example 9-2 The pH of each fire extinguisher of Example 9-1 and Example 9-2 was measured.
• For fire extinguishing performance of fires A, B, and tempura oil extinguish the A-1 and B-1 models using the test method in accordance with the Ordinance of the Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications "Ministerial Ordinance for Establishing Technical Standards for Fire Extinguishers.” The experiment was conducted. The tempura oil fire was also tested by a test method according to the Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications “Ministerial Ordinance for Establishing Technical Standards for Fire Extinguishers”.
• each fire extinguisher was filled into a 3 L pressure-accumulating fire extinguisher, and the fire extinguisher was sprayed onto the fire extinguishing model from a mist nozzle attached to the fire extinguisher.
• the fire extinguisher of the present example is potassium acetate, potassium citrate, sodium acetate, even when the ratio of the natural surfactant in the total amount of 100 ml is suppressed to 0.200 g. Or 30 to 55 g of carboxylic acid alkali metal salt consisting of one or more selected from sodium citrate, and 0.150 to 0.200 g of saponin, and containing the carboxylic acid alkali metal salt and the natural surfactant.
• 1 or 2 selected from potassium acetate, potassium citrate, sodium acetate, and sodium citrate It consists of a carboxylic acid alkali metal salt consisting of the above, a natural surfactant consisting of one or more selected from lecithin, saponin, and casein, and water, and in a total amount of 100 ml, the carboxylic acid alkali metal 30 to 55 g of salt and 0.107 to 0.200 g of natural surfactant are contained, and the content ratio of the alkali metal carboxylate to the natural surfactant is the alkali metal carboxylate.
• a fire extinguisher with salt: natural surfactant 150: 1 to 275: 1 has not only high fire extinguishing performance and high safety for human body, but also the use of natural surfactant. The amount is also excellent in cost because less is.
• the extinguishing agent of the present example has a pH of 5.5 to 8.5. Thereby, corrosion of a fire extinguisher etc. can be prevented.

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• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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• Emergency Management (AREA)
• Fire-Extinguishing Compositions (AREA)

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• 2018
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