WO2019176782A1 - Hydraulic power generation device - Google Patents

Hydraulic power generation device Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019176782A1
WO2019176782A1 PCT/JP2019/009386 JP2019009386W WO2019176782A1 WO 2019176782 A1 WO2019176782 A1 WO 2019176782A1 JP 2019009386 W JP2019009386 W JP 2019009386W WO 2019176782 A1 WO2019176782 A1 WO 2019176782A1
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water
tunnel
duct
slope
section
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PCT/JP2019/009386
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French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
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鈴木　政彦
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Ntn株式会社
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Publication of WO2019176782A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019176782A1/en

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B11/00—Parts or details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the preceding groups, e.g. wear-protection couplings, between turbine and generator
    • F03B11/02—Casings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B7/00—Water wheels
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/20—Hydro energy

Definitions

  • the present invention is arranged in a water channel, and even if the water depth is shallow, the water flow entering the duct is raised by a damming material, and a water turbine is disposed on a rear slope that slopes down to the rear of the damming material, thereby increasing the speed.
  • the present invention relates to a hydroelectric power generation apparatus capable of generating power efficiently by a water flow and a water pressure caused by a step.
  • a rotor of a drag type blade is arranged at the lower part of an arm pivotally supported at the upper part, and the rotor is moved up and down as the water surface moves up and down.
  • the entire blade cannot receive the water flow, and even if it receives the water flow only at the lower part of the blade, the rotational torque is not increased, and the power generation efficiency is extremely lowered.
  • the preferred technique for solving this problem is not found because there are few examples of using a propeller rotor in a water turbine.
  • a damming material for damming the water flow is provided at the inner front part of the duct equipped with the propeller rotor, and the water flow passing through the upper surface of the damming material is introduced into the tunnel where the rear part descends,
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a hydroelectric power generation apparatus in which a water flow having a high water pressure is applied to a propeller rotor at the rear of a duct so that efficient power generation is performed.
  • the present invention has taken the following technical means in order to solve the above problems.
  • a damming material that also serves as a bottom plate is arranged in the tunnel part. From the front end to the rear part, the front slope consisting of a steep rising arc surface rises at least higher than the rotation radius of the blade, and the rear slope consists of an arc surface gradually descending from the highest part to the rear end part,
  • the tunnel section has a smaller drainage port diameter than the water inlet, and the propeller rotor in the water turbine unit is placed at the rear of the rear slope so that it faces the running water.
  • a hydroelectric generator that rotates the propeller rotor by the flowing water.
  • the rotor shaft is parallel to the rear slope of the tunnel portion, and the tip of the blade fixed to the peripheral surface of the hub fixed to the rotor shaft is inclined forward toward the front of the tunnel portion.
  • the hydroelectric generator according to any one of (1) to (3).
  • a damming material that also serves as a bottom plate is disposed at the bottom of the tunnel portion of the duct, and the longitudinal side shape of the damming material is steep from the front end to the rear part.
  • the front slope consisting of the rising arc curved surface is a rear slope consisting of an arc curved surface that rises higher than the turning radius of the blade and gradually descends from the highest part to the rear end part, and the tunnel part is a drain outlet rather than a water inlet Therefore, even if the water depth in the water channel is shallow, the flowing water blocked by the front slope of the blocking material passes over this and flows into the tunnel portion.
  • the water flow entered here fills up the drain opening, so the water flow hits the entire surface of the propeller rotor even when the water depth is shallow and the water volume is small. Can be rotated. Further, since the tunnel portion is inclined rearward and downward, the water flow entering the tunnel portion is applied to the propeller rotor at the rear portion, and the rotational torque is increased. Since the propeller rotor of the water turbine housing in the water turbine unit is arranged on the rear slope of the tunnel portion so as to face the running water, the water flow passing at high speed through the tunnel portion is received orthogonally to the front of the propeller rotor and rotated. Increases efficiency. Since the water flow descending the tunnel portion over the highest part of the damming material becomes a high-speed flow due to the Coanda effect, the rotational efficiency of the propeller rotor receiving this increases.
  • the drain of the tunnel portion is lower than the height of the water inlet by the height of the highest part of the blocking material. A difference in water level will occur between them, and the rotational torque can be increased by applying water pressure to the propeller rotor by the weight of the flowing water.
  • the water turbine casing is arranged in parallel with the rear slope of the tunnel portion, so that the water flow passing through the tunnel portion hits the propeller rotor in the turbine casing in an orthogonal manner and the hydraulic power is evenly distributed. Can be applied.
  • the propeller rotor has the rotor shaft parallel to the rear slope of the tunnel portion, and the tip of the blade fixed to the peripheral surface of the hub fixed to the rotor shaft is inclined forward of the tunnel portion. Therefore, the water flow that passes through the tunnel portion and hits the blade and moves in the centrifugal direction hits the front surface of the forward inclined portion of the blade and rotates it in the rotation direction to increase the rotation efficiency. .
  • the seal material for closing the gap between the duct wall and the duct wall is disposed on the outer front part of the duct via the hinge, the duct wall is disposed between the duct wall and the duct. Even when a gap is generated, by opening and closing the sealing material via the hinge, the gap can be easily closed and a sufficient amount of water flow can be introduced into the duct.
  • the weight portion is formed at the front lower portion of the duct damming material, the weight is filled with a heavy object such as a stone, thereby making the duct into the water channel. Can be fixed.
  • Example 1 of the hydroelectric generator of this invention It is a center vertical side view of the hydroelectric generator of FIG. It is a front view of the hydroelectric generator of FIG. It is a rear view of the hydroelectric generator of FIG.
  • the duct 2 of the hydroelectric generator 1 of the present invention is disposed in contact with the bottom of the water channel R.
  • the width of the front-side front portion facing the upstream side is set to a width that matches the width of the water channel R, the rear portion is narrower than the width of the front portion, and slightly larger than the diameter of the propeller rotor 9.
  • the material of the duct 2 is metal, FRP, or the like.
  • the front portion of the upper surface of the duct 2 is formed with a cutout portion 2B that enters from the front end to the center rear portion, and the rear end is the highest portion 2C in the tunnel portion 2E.
  • Sealing materials 2D and 2D for closing a gap between the wall surface of the water channel R and the side surface of the duct 2 are fixed to the front outer surface of the duct 2.
  • the sealing material 2D can correspond to the size of the gap if, for example, a wide resin plate is fixed by a hinge.
  • the rear part of the duct 2 includes a turbine casing 7 having a propeller rotor 9, a suspension pipe 6 supported by the upper plate 2 ⁇ / b> A of the duct 2, and a generator 5 linked to the suspension pipe 6.
  • a water turbine unit 3 is disposed, and a generator 5 is disposed and fixed on a support member 4 that is installed between both sides of the water channel R.
  • the tip of the rotor shaft 8 is fixed to the lower part in the tunnel portion 2E of the suspension pipe 6 suspended from the generator 5, is supported in the water turbine casing 7, and protrudes rearwardly outside.
  • a propeller rotor 9 is mounted.
  • the front end of the rotor shaft 8 and the lower end of the transmission shaft 6A in the suspension tube 6 are linked so as to be able to be transmitted by a bevel gear (not shown).
  • the water turbine casing 7 is set to be parallel to the rear slope 11C of the blocking material 11.
  • a plurality of lift-type blades 10 are fixed to the peripheral surface of the hub 9A with their tips directed in the radial direction.
  • a tip portion of each blade 10 is a forward inclined portion 10A that is inclined toward the front side of the front side of the tunnel portion 2E.
  • the propeller rotor 9 may be disposed at the front portion of the water turbine casing 7.
  • the longitudinal side surface of the duct 2 is a front slope 11A having a rising arc curved surface in a steep slope from the front end to the rear portion of the weir 11 serving also as a bottom plate, and is the highest of the upper plate 2A.
  • the portion directly below the portion 2C is defined as the highest portion 11B, and the rear inclined surface 11C has an arc curved surface that gently falls toward the rear end edge.
  • the rear edge of the upper plate 2A of the tunnel portion 2E at the drain port 2F is slightly upward, and the flowing water that passes through the tunnel portion 2E under pressure is easy to escape backward.
  • the height of the highest part 11B in the dam member 11 is, for example, larger than the rotation radius of the blade 10. Further, the height from the upper surface of the blocking material 11 in the tunnel portion 2E to the upper plate 2A in the upper portion is formed so as to gradually decrease from the highest portion 2C to the rear drain port 2F. .
  • the water flow that has entered the tunnel portion 2E passes through the highest portion 11B of the blocking member 11 and at the same time becomes a high-speed flow due to the Coanda effect, and passes outside the drain port 2F while applying water pressure to the rear slope 11C by weight. Then, the propeller rotor 9 is efficiently rotated.
  • the height of the duct 2 is set higher than the width. This is because the height of the blocking member 11 is set higher than the rotation radius of the blade 10, but is appropriately changed depending on the width and depth of the water channel R.
  • the size of the drain port 2 ⁇ / b> F is smaller than the water inlet of the tunnel portion 2 ⁇ / b> E and is slightly larger than the diameter of the propeller rotor 9.
  • the water flow that has entered the tunnel portion 2E from the front of the water channel R passes through the drainage port 2F where the diameter is gradually reduced and the water level is low, and passes through the water pressure due to the weight. Increases torque.
  • the hydroelectric generator 1 is fixed in the water channel R by being anchored by the tether 12 or by any fixing means.
  • the flow can be suppressed by forming a weight portion 11D in the front lower portion of the dam member 11 in FIG. 2 and incorporating a heavy object such as a stone.
  • Tunnel part 2E has a wide front part and a high height.
  • the drain port 2F at the rear of the tunnel 2E is lower in height and narrower than the front, so even if the water depth in the water channel R becomes shallower, the propeller rotor at the rear of the tunnel 2E. Since the whole 9 is submerged and has a downward slope, the water pressure due to weight is applied to the propeller rotor 9, and the rotational efficiency and rotational torque are increased.
  • the water channel R increases, the water will flow over the upper plate 2A.
  • the water flow hitting the front slope 11A in the duct 2 is pressurized and ascends the front slope 11A, passes through the highest part 11B, becomes a high-speed flow due to the Coanda effect, and drains the rear slope 11C.
  • the propeller rotor 9 is efficiently rotated to generate power.
  • the blocking material 11 has a function of blocking the water flow in the water channel R and a difference in water level between the front portion and the rear portion in the tunnel portion 2E.
  • the tunnel portion 2E has a rear portion that is smaller in diameter than the front portion and inclined rearwardly to increase the water pressure to the drain port 2F, and efficiently supplies a small water flow in the water channel R to the propeller rotor 9. be able to.
  • the hydroelectric generator of the present invention uses the bottom plate of the duct as a blocking material, blocks the water flow in the water channel at the front slope, passes the inside of the tunnel from the highest part to the drain outlet at high speed, and rotates the rotor at the rear part. Even when the amount of water in the water channel is small, it can be used for hydroelectric power generation that allows efficient power generation.
  • Hydroelectric generator Duct 2A. Upper plate 2B. Notch 2C. Highest part 2D. Seal material 2E. Tunnel part 2F. Drain port 2G. Water inlet 3. Water wheel unit4. 4. Support material Generator 6. Hanging tube 6A. 6. Transmission shaft Waterwheel housing8. Rotor shaft 9. Propeller rotor 9A. Hub 10. Blade 10A. 10. forward inclined part Damping material 11A. Front slope 11B. Highest part 11C. Rear oblique portion 11D. Weight part 12. Tether

Abstract

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a hydraulic power generation device which is installed in a waterway and which is configured such that, even if placed in shallow water, a water flow that enters a duct is raised by a damming material so as to be supplied to a water turbine disposed at a downward rear slope of a rear section of the damming material, and due to the water flow that is accelerated and the water pressure that is generated by a level difference, power generation with good efficiency can be realized. A damming material 11 which also serves as a bottom panel is disposed in a tunnel 2E of a duct 2 that is immersed in a waterway and that is narrower at a back section than at a front section in a plan view. The vertical cross-section side surface shape of the damming material 11 comprises: a front slope 11A which is constituted by a steep-sloped arc surface upward from the front end to slightly toward the rear section, and which rises higher than at least the rotation radius of a blade 10; and a rear slope 11C which is constituted by a generally-sloped arc surface downward from the highest section of the damming material to the back end section. In the tunnel 2E, a water discharge port 2F has a smaller opening diameter than that of a water introduction port 2G, and a propeller rotor 9 of a water turbine unit is installed at the rear slope 11C so as to face the water flow. The propeller rotor 9 is rotated by the water flow that flows over the highest section 11B of the damming material and down through the tunnel 2E.

Description

水力発電装置Hydroelectric generator
　本発明は、水路に配設して、水深が浅くてもダクト内に入る水流を、堰止材によって盛り上げて、堰止材の後部に下り傾斜する後斜面に水車を配設し、高速化する水流と段差による水圧により、効率の良い発電をするようにした水力発電装置に関する。 The present invention is arranged in a water channel, and even if the water depth is shallow, the water flow entering the duct is raised by a damming material, and a water turbine is disposed on a rear slope that slopes down to the rear of the damming material, thereby increasing the speed. The present invention relates to a hydroelectric power generation apparatus capable of generating power efficiently by a water flow and a water pressure caused by a step.
　プロペラロータを備えた水車を配設した水路の水位が減少した場合には、プロペラロータの上面が水面から露出するため、ロータに水力を十分に受けることができなくなり、回転トルクがあがらず、発電効率が低下する。 When the water level of a water channel equipped with a water turbine equipped with a propeller rotor decreases, the upper surface of the propeller rotor is exposed from the water surface, so that the rotor cannot receive sufficient hydropower, the rotational torque does not increase, and power generation Efficiency is reduced.
特開２０１３－９６２６４号公報JP 2013-96264 A
　特許文献１におけるロータは、上部で軸支されたアームの下部に、抗力型ブレードのロータが配設されており、水面の上下移動に従ってロータを上下動させるものであるが、水路において、水深が浅くなると、プロペラロータにおいては、ブレード全体が水流を受けることができず、ブレードの下部だけに水流を受けても、回転トルクがあがらず、発電効率は極端に低下する。
　これを解決する好ましい技術も見られないのは、プロペラロータを水車に使用した例が乏しいためである。
　本発明は、プロペラロータを備えたダクトの内側前部に、水流を堰止める堰止材を設け、堰止材の上面を通過する水流を、後部が降下するトンネル内に導入して、高速でかつ水圧の高くなった水流を、ダクト後部におけるプロペラロータに当てて、効率の良い発電をさせるようにした水力発電装置を提供することを目的としている。 In the rotor in Patent Document 1, a rotor of a drag type blade is arranged at the lower part of an arm pivotally supported at the upper part, and the rotor is moved up and down as the water surface moves up and down. When it is shallower, in the propeller rotor, the entire blade cannot receive the water flow, and even if it receives the water flow only at the lower part of the blade, the rotational torque is not increased, and the power generation efficiency is extremely lowered.
The preferred technique for solving this problem is not found because there are few examples of using a propeller rotor in a water turbine.
In the present invention, a damming material for damming the water flow is provided at the inner front part of the duct equipped with the propeller rotor, and the water flow passing through the upper surface of the damming material is introduced into the tunnel where the rear part descends, An object of the present invention is to provide a hydroelectric power generation apparatus in which a water flow having a high water pressure is applied to a propeller rotor at the rear of a duct so that efficient power generation is performed.
　本発明は、前記課題を解決するために、次のような技術的手段を講じた。 The present invention has taken the following technical means in order to solve the above problems.
　（１）　水路に沈設される、平面視で前部よりも後部の幅を小としたダクトの、トンネル部に底板を兼ねた堰止材を配設し、堰止材の縦断側面形は、前端からやや後部へかけて、急勾配の昇り弧曲面からなる前斜面が、少なくともブレードの回転半径より高く盛上がり、その最高部から後端部へかけて次第に降下する弧曲面からなる後斜面とし、トンネル部は、導水口よりも排水口の口径を小とし、後斜面後部に、水車ユニットにおけるプロペラロータを流水と対面するように配設し、堰止材の最高部を乗越えてトンネル部内を流下する水流によって、プロペラロータを回転させるようにした水力発電装置。 (1) In the duct that is set in the water channel and has a width smaller than the front part in the plan view, a damming material that also serves as a bottom plate is arranged in the tunnel part. From the front end to the rear part, the front slope consisting of a steep rising arc surface rises at least higher than the rotation radius of the blade, and the rear slope consists of an arc surface gradually descending from the highest part to the rear end part, The tunnel section has a smaller drainage port diameter than the water inlet, and the propeller rotor in the water turbine unit is placed at the rear of the rear slope so that it faces the running water. A hydroelectric generator that rotates the propeller rotor by the flowing water.
　（２）　前記トンネル部は、その排水口が導水口の高さよりも堰止材の最高部の高さ分だけ下っている前記（1）に記載の水力発電装置。 (2) The hydroelectric generator according to (1), wherein the drain of the tunnel portion is lower than the height of the water inlet by the height of the highest part of the weir.
　（３）　前記プロペラロータを備えた水車筐体を、トンネル部における後斜面と平行に配設する前記（1）または（2）に記載の水力発電装置。 (3) The hydroelectric generator according to (1) or (2) above, wherein the turbine casing provided with the propeller rotor is disposed in parallel with the rear slope in the tunnel portion.
　（４）　前記プロペラロータは、ロータ軸をトンネル部の後斜面と平行とし、ロータ軸に固定したハブの周面に固定されたブレードの先端は、トンネル部の前方向きに傾斜する前向傾斜部とされている前記（1）～（3）のいずれかに記載の水力発電装置。 (4) In the propeller rotor, the rotor shaft is parallel to the rear slope of the tunnel portion, and the tip of the blade fixed to the peripheral surface of the hub fixed to the rotor shaft is inclined forward toward the front of the tunnel portion. The hydroelectric generator according to any one of (1) to (3).
　（５）　前記ダクトの外側前部に、ヒンジを介して水路壁面との間の間隙を塞ぐためのシール材を配設した前記（1）～（4）のいずれかに記載の水力発電装置。 (5) The hydroelectric power generator according to any one of (1) to (4), wherein a sealing material for closing a gap between the duct and the water channel wall surface is disposed on the outer front portion of the duct via a hinge.
　（６）　前記ダクトの堰止材における前下部に、重錘部を形成した前記（1）～（5）のいずれかに記載の水力発電装置。 (6) The hydroelectric power generator according to any one of (1) to (5), wherein a weight portion is formed in a front lower portion of the duct damming material.
　本発明によると、次のような効果が奏せられる。 According to the present invention, the following effects can be obtained.
　前記（1）に記載の発明においては、ダクトのトンネル部の底に、底板を兼ねた堰止材を配設し、堰止材の縦断側面形は、前端からやや後部へかけて、急勾配の昇り弧曲面からなる前斜面が、少なくともブレードの回転半径より高く盛上がり、その最高部から後端部へかけて次第に降下する弧曲面からなる後斜面とし、トンネル部は、導水口よりも排水口を小としてあるので、水路における水深が浅くても、堰止材の前斜面によって堰止められる流水は、これを乗り越えてトンネル部内に流入する。
　トンネル部内は前部が大で後部が小なので、ここに入った水流は、排水口を塞ぐように満ちるため、水路の水深が浅く、水量が少なくてもプロペラロータ全面に水流が当り、容易に回転させることができる。
　またトンネル部は、後下がりに傾斜しているために、トンネル部に入った水流は、その重量が後部のプロペラロータにかかり、回転トルクを高める。
　トンネル部内の後斜面後部に、水車ユニットにおける水車筐体のプロペラロータを、流水と対面するように配設したので、トンネル部を高速で通過する水流をプロペラロータの正面に直交状に受けて回転効率が高まる。
　堰止材の最高部を乗越えてトンネル部内を降下する水流は、コアンダ効果によって高速流となるので、これを受けるプロペラロータの回転効率が高まる。 In the invention described in (1) above, a damming material that also serves as a bottom plate is disposed at the bottom of the tunnel portion of the duct, and the longitudinal side shape of the damming material is steep from the front end to the rear part. The front slope consisting of the rising arc curved surface is a rear slope consisting of an arc curved surface that rises higher than the turning radius of the blade and gradually descends from the highest part to the rear end part, and the tunnel part is a drain outlet rather than a water inlet Therefore, even if the water depth in the water channel is shallow, the flowing water blocked by the front slope of the blocking material passes over this and flows into the tunnel portion.
Since the front of the tunnel is large and the rear is small, the water flow entered here fills up the drain opening, so the water flow hits the entire surface of the propeller rotor even when the water depth is shallow and the water volume is small. Can be rotated.
Further, since the tunnel portion is inclined rearward and downward, the water flow entering the tunnel portion is applied to the propeller rotor at the rear portion, and the rotational torque is increased.
Since the propeller rotor of the water turbine housing in the water turbine unit is arranged on the rear slope of the tunnel portion so as to face the running water, the water flow passing at high speed through the tunnel portion is received orthogonally to the front of the propeller rotor and rotated. Increases efficiency.
Since the water flow descending the tunnel portion over the highest part of the damming material becomes a high-speed flow due to the Coanda effect, the rotational efficiency of the propeller rotor receiving this increases.
　前記（2）に記載の発明においてトンネル部は、その排水口が導水口の高さよりも堰止材の最高部の高さ分だけ下がっているので、ここを通過する流水は、排水口との間に水位差が生じることとなり、プロペラロータに対して流水の重量により水圧をもかけて、回転トルクを高めることができる。 In the invention described in (2) above, the drain of the tunnel portion is lower than the height of the water inlet by the height of the highest part of the blocking material. A difference in water level will occur between them, and the rotational torque can be increased by applying water pressure to the propeller rotor by the weight of the flowing water.
　前記（3）に記載の発明において水車筐体は、トンネル部における後斜面と平行に配設するので、トンネル部を通過する水流は、水車筐体におけるプロペラロータに直交状に当り、水力を均等に当てることができる。 In the invention described in (3) above, the water turbine casing is arranged in parallel with the rear slope of the tunnel portion, so that the water flow passing through the tunnel portion hits the propeller rotor in the turbine casing in an orthogonal manner and the hydraulic power is evenly distributed. Can be applied.
　前記（4）に記載の発明においてプロペラロータは、ロータ軸をトンネル部の後斜面と平行とし、ロータ軸に固定したハブの周面に固定されたブレードの先端は、トンネル部の前方向きに傾斜する前向き傾斜部とされているので、トンネル部を通過してブレードに当たり、遠心方向へ移動する水流は、ブレードの前向き傾斜部の前面に当り、これを回転方向へ回動させて回転効率を高める。 In the invention described in (4) above, the propeller rotor has the rotor shaft parallel to the rear slope of the tunnel portion, and the tip of the blade fixed to the peripheral surface of the hub fixed to the rotor shaft is inclined forward of the tunnel portion. Therefore, the water flow that passes through the tunnel portion and hits the blade and moves in the centrifugal direction hits the front surface of the forward inclined portion of the blade and rotates it in the rotation direction to increase the rotation efficiency. .
　前記（5）に記載の発明においては、前記ダクトの外側前部に、ヒンジを介して水路壁との間の間隙を塞ぐためのシール材を配設したので、水路壁とダクトとの間に間隙が生じる場合でも、シール材をヒンジを介して開閉することによって、その間隙を容易に閉塞して、ダクト内に充分量の水流を導入することができる。 In the invention described in (5) above, since the seal material for closing the gap between the duct wall and the duct wall is disposed on the outer front part of the duct via the hinge, the duct wall is disposed between the duct wall and the duct. Even when a gap is generated, by opening and closing the sealing material via the hinge, the gap can be easily closed and a sufficient amount of water flow can be introduced into the duct.
　前記（6）に記載の発明においては、前記ダクトの堰止材における前下部に、重錘部を形成したので、重錘部に石材などの重量物を詰装することにより、ダクトを水路に固定させることができる。 In the invention described in (6) above, since the weight portion is formed at the front lower portion of the duct damming material, the weight is filled with a heavy object such as a stone, thereby making the duct into the water channel. Can be fixed.
本発明の水力発電装置の実施例１を示す平面図である。It is a top view which shows Example 1 of the hydroelectric generator of this invention. 図１の水力発電装置の中央縦断側面図図である。It is a center vertical side view of the hydroelectric generator of FIG. 図１の水力発電装置の正面図である。It is a front view of the hydroelectric generator of FIG. 図１の水力発電装置の後面図である。It is a rear view of the hydroelectric generator of FIG.
　本発明の実施形態例を、図面を参照して説明する。図１、図２において、本発明の水力発電装置１のダクト２は、水路Ｒ底に接して配設される。
　平面視では、上流側を向く正面側前部の幅は水路Ｒ幅に合わせた幅とし、後部は前部の幅より狭くして、かつプロペラロータ９の直径よりもやや大としてある。ダクト２の材質は金属、ＦＲＰなどが用いられる。 Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. 1 and 2, the duct 2 of the hydroelectric generator 1 of the present invention is disposed in contact with the bottom of the water channel R.
In plan view, the width of the front-side front portion facing the upstream side is set to a width that matches the width of the water channel R, the rear portion is narrower than the width of the front portion, and slightly larger than the diameter of the propeller rotor 9. The material of the duct 2 is metal, FRP, or the like.
　ダクト２の上面における前部は、前端から中央後部へかけて湾入する切欠部２Ｂが形成され、その後端はトンネル部２Ｅでの最高部２Ｃとされている。
　またダクト２の前部外側面に、水路Ｒの壁面とダクト２の側面との間の間隙を塞ぐためのシール材２Ｄ、２Ｄが固定されている。シール材２Ｄは、例えば幅の広い樹脂板をヒンジにより固定すれば、間隙の大小に対応させることができる。 The front portion of the upper surface of the duct 2 is formed with a cutout portion 2B that enters from the front end to the center rear portion, and the rear end is the highest portion 2C in the tunnel portion 2E.
Sealing materials 2D and 2D for closing a gap between the wall surface of the water channel R and the side surface of the duct 2 are fixed to the front outer surface of the duct 2. The sealing material 2D can correspond to the size of the gap if, for example, a wide resin plate is fixed by a hinge.
　ダクト２の後部には、プロペラロータ９を備えた水車筐体７と、これをダクト２の上板２Ａに支持される吊管６と、吊管６の上に連係する発電機５とからなる水車ユニット３が配設され、水路Ｒの両岸の間に架設された支持材４に、発電機５が配置固定されている。 The rear part of the duct 2 includes a turbine casing 7 having a propeller rotor 9, a suspension pipe 6 supported by the upper plate 2 </ b> A of the duct 2, and a generator 5 linked to the suspension pipe 6. A water turbine unit 3 is disposed, and a generator 5 is disposed and fixed on a support member 4 that is installed between both sides of the water channel R.
　発電機５から垂設された吊管６における、トンネル部２Ｅ内の下部に、水車筐体７が固定され、水車筐体７内に支持され、後方外部に突出されているロータ軸８の先端に、プロペラロータ９が装着されている。
　ロータ軸８の正面側の先端と吊管６内の伝動軸６Ａの下端とは、図示しない傘歯車により伝動可能に連係されている。 The tip of the rotor shaft 8 is fixed to the lower part in the tunnel portion 2E of the suspension pipe 6 suspended from the generator 5, is supported in the water turbine casing 7, and protrudes rearwardly outside. In addition, a propeller rotor 9 is mounted.
The front end of the rotor shaft 8 and the lower end of the transmission shaft 6A in the suspension tube 6 are linked so as to be able to be transmitted by a bevel gear (not shown).
　水車筐体７は、堰止材１１の後斜面１１Ｃと平行となるように設定されている。プロペラロータ９は、ハブ９Ａの周面に複数の揚力型のブレード１０が、その先端を放射方向へ向けて固定されている。各ブレード１０の先端部は、トンネル部２Ｅの正面側前方に向けて傾斜する、前向傾斜部１０Ａとされている。 The water turbine casing 7 is set to be parallel to the rear slope 11C of the blocking material 11. In the propeller rotor 9, a plurality of lift-type blades 10 are fixed to the peripheral surface of the hub 9A with their tips directed in the radial direction. A tip portion of each blade 10 is a forward inclined portion 10A that is inclined toward the front side of the front side of the tunnel portion 2E.
　これにより、トンネル部２Ｅ内を通過する流水は、ブレード１０の前面に直交するように当り、ブレード１０の前面において遠心方向へ移動する水流は前向傾斜部１０Ａに当り、これを回転方向へ回転させるように作用するので、回転効率が高まる。なおプロペラロータ９は、水車筐体７の前部に配設してもかまわない。 Thereby, the flowing water passing through the tunnel portion 2E hits the blade 10 so as to be orthogonal to the front surface of the blade 10, and the water flow moving in the centrifugal direction on the front surface of the blade 10 hits the forward inclined portion 10A and rotates it in the rotation direction. Therefore, the rotational efficiency is increased. The propeller rotor 9 may be disposed at the front portion of the water turbine casing 7.
　図２においてダクト２の縦断側面は、底板を兼ねた堰止材１１が、前端からやや後部へかけて、急坂状に後高の昇り弧曲面を有する前斜面１１Ａとされ、上板２Ａの最高部２Ｃの直下に当たる部分を最高部１１Ｂとして、後端縁へかけて緩やかな後下がりの弧曲面を有する後斜面１１Ｃとされている。排水口２Ｆにおけるトンネル部２Ｅの上板２Ａの後端縁は、やや上向きとしてあり、トンネル部２Ｅ内を加圧されて通過する流水が、後方へ抜けやすくなっている。 In FIG. 2, the longitudinal side surface of the duct 2 is a front slope 11A having a rising arc curved surface in a steep slope from the front end to the rear portion of the weir 11 serving also as a bottom plate, and is the highest of the upper plate 2A. The portion directly below the portion 2C is defined as the highest portion 11B, and the rear inclined surface 11C has an arc curved surface that gently falls toward the rear end edge. The rear edge of the upper plate 2A of the tunnel portion 2E at the drain port 2F is slightly upward, and the flowing water that passes through the tunnel portion 2E under pressure is easy to escape backward.
　前記堰止材１１における最高部１１Ｂの高さは、例えばブレード１０の回転半径よりも大としてある。また、トンネル部２Ｅ内における堰止材１１の上面から、その上部にある上板２Ａまでの高さは、最高部２Ｃから後部の排水口２Ｆへかけて、次第に低くなるように形成されている。 The height of the highest part 11B in the dam member 11 is, for example, larger than the rotation radius of the blade 10. Further, the height from the upper surface of the blocking material 11 in the tunnel portion 2E to the upper plate 2A in the upper portion is formed so as to gradually decrease from the highest portion 2C to the rear drain port 2F. .
　これによって、トンネル部２Ｅ内に入った水流は、堰止材１１の最高部１１Ｂを通過すると同時に、コアンダ効果により高速流となり、かつ後斜面１１Ｃを重量により水圧をかけながら排水口２Ｆ外へ通過し、プロペラロータ９を効率良く回転させる。 As a result, the water flow that has entered the tunnel portion 2E passes through the highest portion 11B of the blocking member 11 and at the same time becomes a high-speed flow due to the Coanda effect, and passes outside the drain port 2F while applying water pressure to the rear slope 11C by weight. Then, the propeller rotor 9 is efficiently rotated.
　図３における正面視において、ダクト２の高さが、横幅の長さより高く設定されている。これは堰止材１１の高さを、ブレード１０の回転半径よりも高くしてあるためであるが、水路Ｒの幅や深さにより適宜変化させる。 In the front view in FIG. 3, the height of the duct 2 is set higher than the width. This is because the height of the blocking member 11 is set higher than the rotation radius of the blade 10, but is appropriately changed depending on the width and depth of the water channel R.
　図４における後面視において、排水口２Ｆの大きさは、トンネル部２Ｅの導水口と比較して小とされ、かつプロペラロータ９の直径よりもやや大としてある。
　これによって、水路Ｒの前方からトンネル部２Ｅに入った水流は、口径が次第に小となり、かつ水位が低くなる排水口２Ｆへかけて、重量による水圧を加えて通過するので、プロペラロータ９の回転トルクを高めることになる。 In the rear view in FIG. 4, the size of the drain port 2 </ b> F is smaller than the water inlet of the tunnel portion 2 </ b> E and is slightly larger than the diameter of the propeller rotor 9.
As a result, the water flow that has entered the tunnel portion 2E from the front of the water channel R passes through the drainage port 2F where the diameter is gradually reduced and the water level is low, and passes through the water pressure due to the weight. Increases torque.
　水力発電装置１は、水路Ｒ内に沈設させて、繋留索１２で繋留させるとか、任意の固定手段により、固定する。
　或いは、図２における堰止材１１の前下部に重錘部１１Ｄを形成して、石材などの重量物を内蔵させることにより、流動を抑止することができる。 The hydroelectric generator 1 is fixed in the water channel R by being anchored by the tether 12 or by any fixing means.
Alternatively, the flow can be suppressed by forming a weight portion 11D in the front lower portion of the dam member 11 in FIG. 2 and incorporating a heavy object such as a stone.
　図２において、水路Ｒの水深が、例えば堰止材１１の高さの半分程度に減少した場合には、プロペラロータ９の半分程度しか水没しなくなる。
　しかし、本願の水力発電装置１においては、ダクト２内の堰止材１１によって水路Ｒの流水が堰止められるので、ダクト２内に入った流水は、堰止材１１の昇り弧曲面からなる前斜面１１Ａから、最高部１１Ｂを越えてトンネル部２Ｅ内に入り、コアンダ効果により高速となって後斜面１１Ｃを流下する。 In FIG. 2, when the water depth of the water channel R is reduced to, for example, about half of the height of the blocking material 11, only about half of the propeller rotor 9 is submerged.
However, in the hydroelectric generator 1 of the present application, since the flowing water in the water channel R is blocked by the blocking material 11 in the duct 2, the flowing water in the duct 2 is formed before the rising arc curved surface of the blocking material 11. From the slope 11A, it passes the highest part 11B, enters the tunnel part 2E, and flows down the rear slope 11C at a high speed due to the Coanda effect.
　この場合、最高部１１Ｂよりも排水口２Ｆの位置が低いことと、排水口２Ｆの口径が導水口２Ｇのそれよりも小なので、水位差による重力と水圧がかかり、プロペラロータ９は効率の良い回転をし、発電効率を高める。 In this case, since the position of the drain port 2F is lower than the highest part 11B and the diameter of the drain port 2F is smaller than that of the water inlet 2G, gravity and water pressure are applied due to the difference in water level, and the propeller rotor 9 is efficient. Rotate to increase power generation efficiency.
　トンネル部２Ｅは、前部の幅が広く、かつ高さも高い。これに対してトンネル部２Ｅ後部の排水口２Ｆは、高さも前部よりも低く、幅も狭くなっているので、水路Ｒに６ける水深が浅くなっても、トンネル部２Ｅの後部ではプロペラロータ９全体を水没させ、かつ下り勾配となっているので、重量による水圧がプロペラロータ９にかかることとなり、回転効率と回転トルクが高まる。　 Tunnel part 2E has a wide front part and a high height. On the other hand, the drain port 2F at the rear of the tunnel 2E is lower in height and narrower than the front, so even if the water depth in the water channel R becomes shallower, the propeller rotor at the rear of the tunnel 2E. Since the whole 9 is submerged and has a downward slope, the water pressure due to weight is applied to the propeller rotor 9, and the rotational efficiency and rotational torque are increased. *
　水路Ｒが増水すると、上板２Ａの部分を乗り越えて流水は流下されることとなる。水量が多い時は、ダクト２内の前斜面１１Ａに当る水流は、加圧されて前斜面１１Ａを昇り、最高部１１Ｂを通過するとともに、コアンダ効果により高速流となって、後斜面１１Ｃを排水口２Ｆ外へと通過する過程で、プロペラロータ９を効率良く回転させて発電させる。 When the water channel R increases, the water will flow over the upper plate 2A. When the amount of water is large, the water flow hitting the front slope 11A in the duct 2 is pressurized and ascends the front slope 11A, passes through the highest part 11B, becomes a high-speed flow due to the Coanda effect, and drains the rear slope 11C. In the process of passing out of the mouth 2F, the propeller rotor 9 is efficiently rotated to generate power.
　前記堰止材１１は、水路Ｒの水流を堰止めることと、トンネル部２Ｅ内の前部と後部との水位差をつける作用を有している。
　トンネル部２Ｅは、後部を前部よりも口径を小として、かつ後下がりに傾斜させたことにより、排水口２Ｆへの水圧を高め、水路Ｒにおける少ない水流を、効率良くプロペラロータ９に供給することができる。 The blocking material 11 has a function of blocking the water flow in the water channel R and a difference in water level between the front portion and the rear portion in the tunnel portion 2E.
The tunnel portion 2E has a rear portion that is smaller in diameter than the front portion and inclined rearwardly to increase the water pressure to the drain port 2F, and efficiently supplies a small water flow in the water channel R to the propeller rotor 9. be able to.
　本発明の水力発電装置は、ダクトの底板を堰止材として、水路の水流を前斜面で堰止めて、最高部からトンネル内を高速で排水口へ通過させ、後部でロータを回転させるので、水路における水量が少ない時でも、効率の良い発電をさせることのできる水力発電に利用することができる。 The hydroelectric generator of the present invention uses the bottom plate of the duct as a blocking material, blocks the water flow in the water channel at the front slope, passes the inside of the tunnel from the highest part to the drain outlet at high speed, and rotates the rotor at the rear part. Even when the amount of water in the water channel is small, it can be used for hydroelectric power generation that allows efficient power generation.
１．水力発電装置
２．ダクト
２Ａ．上板
２Ｂ．切欠部
２Ｃ．最高部
２Ｄ．シール材
２Ｅ．トンネル部
２Ｆ．排水口
２Ｇ．導水口
３．水車ユニット
４．支持材
５．発電機
６．吊管
６Ａ．伝動軸
７．水車筐体
８．ロータ軸
９．プロペラロータ
９Ａ．ハブ
１０．ブレード
１０Ａ．前向傾斜部
１１．堰止材
１１Ａ．前斜面
１１Ｂ．最高部
１１Ｃ．後斜部
１１Ｄ．重錘部
１２．繋留索 1. Hydroelectric generator 2. Duct 2A. Upper plate 2B. Notch 2C. Highest part 2D. Seal material 2E. Tunnel part 2F. Drain port 2G. Water inlet 3. Water wheel unit4. 4. Support material Generator 6. Hanging tube 6A. 6. Transmission shaft Waterwheel housing8. Rotor shaft 9. Propeller rotor 9A. Hub 10. Blade 10A. 10. forward inclined part Damping material 11A. Front slope 11B. Highest part 11C. Rear oblique portion 11D. Weight part 12. Tether

Claims (6)

  1. 　水路に沈設される、平面視で前部よりも後部の幅を小としたダクトの、トンネル部に底板を兼ねた堰止材を配設し、堰止材の縦断側面形は、前端からやや後部へかけて、急勾配の昇り弧曲面からなる前斜面が、少なくともブレードの回転半径より高く盛上がり、その最高部から後端部へかけて次第に降下する弧曲面からなる後斜面とし、トンネル部は、導水口よりも排水口の口径を小とし、後斜面に、水車ユニットにおけるプロペラロータを流水と対面するように配設し、堰止材の最高部を乗越えて、トンネル部内を流下する水流によって、プロペラロータを回転させるようにしたことを特徴とする水力発電装置。 A duct that is set in the water channel and has a width smaller at the rear than the front part in plan view is provided with a damming material that also serves as a bottom plate at the tunnel part. To the rear, the front slope consisting of a steep rising arc curved surface rises at least higher than the rotation radius of the blade, and it becomes a rear slope consisting of an arc curved surface gradually descending from the highest part to the rear end part, and the tunnel part is The diameter of the drain outlet is smaller than the water inlet, and the propeller rotor in the water turbine unit is arranged on the rear slope so as to face the running water, over the highest part of the blocking material, and by the water flow flowing down in the tunnel part A hydroelectric generator characterized by rotating a propeller rotor.
  2. 　前記トンネル部は、その排水口が導水口の高さよりも堰止材の最高部の高さ分だけ下っていることを特徴とする請求項１に記載の水力発電装置。 The hydroelectric generator according to claim 1, wherein the drain of the tunnel part is lower than the height of the water inlet by the height of the highest part of the blocking member.
  3. 　前記プロペラロータを備えた水車筐体を、トンネル部における後斜面と平行に配設することを特徴とする請求項１または２に記載の水力発電装置。 The hydroelectric generator according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a water turbine casing provided with the propeller rotor is disposed in parallel with a rear slope in a tunnel portion.
  4. 　前記プロペラロータは、ロータ軸をトンネル部の後斜面と平行とし、ロータ軸に固定したハブの周面に固定されたブレードの先端は、トンネル部の前方向きに傾斜する前向傾斜部とされていることを特徴とする請求項１～３のいずれかに記載の水力発電装置。 The propeller rotor has a rotor shaft parallel to the rear slope of the tunnel portion, and a blade tip fixed to a peripheral surface of a hub fixed to the rotor shaft is a forward inclined portion inclined forward of the tunnel portion. The hydroelectric power generator according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein
  5. 　前記ダクトの外側前部に、ヒンジを介して水路壁との間の間隙を塞ぐためのシール材を配設したことを特徴とする請求項１～４のいずれかに記載の水力発電装置。 The hydroelectric power generator according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a sealing material for closing a gap between the duct and the water channel wall is disposed on an outer front portion of the duct via a hinge.
  6. 　前記ダクトの堰止材における前下部に、重錘部を形成したことを特徴とする請求項１～５のいずれかに記載の水力発電装置。 The hydroelectric power generator according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a weight portion is formed at a front lower portion of the duct damming material.
PCT/JP2019/009386 2018-03-14 2019-03-08 Hydraulic power generation device WO2019176782A1 (en)

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS57188779A (en) * 1981-05-14 1982-11-19 Keiichi Fukuchi Method and installation to obtain hydraulic motive power
CN202900519U (en) * 2012-11-12 2013-04-24 白世修 Vessel-anchored hydroelectric generating unit
WO2016147938A1 (en) * 2015-03-13 2016-09-22 株式会社ベルシオン Water wheel device

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS57188779A (en) * 1981-05-14 1982-11-19 Keiichi Fukuchi Method and installation to obtain hydraulic motive power
CN202900519U (en) * 2012-11-12 2013-04-24 白世修 Vessel-anchored hydroelectric generating unit
WO2016147938A1 (en) * 2015-03-13 2016-09-22 株式会社ベルシオン Water wheel device

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