JP2019060293A - Head-drop type hydraulic power generation device - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide an inexpensive head-drop type hydraulic power generation device capable of improving power generation efficiency by efficiently rotating a turbine rotor even in a case where a head drop of water is small.SOLUTION: A power generation unit 4 provided in a water conduit pipe 3 in which stored water in a reservoir tank 2 is made flow out by utilizing a head drop, comprises: a rotor support case 9 which is disposed in the water conduit pipe; a rotor shaft 16 which is supported by the rotor support case; a generator 14 which generates power while being linked to the rotor shaft; a turbine rotor 10 consisting of multiple blades 18 that are mounted in an end of the rotor shaft at a downstream side; and multiple water flow deflection plates 11 which are fixed on an outer peripheral surface of the rotor support case so as to protrude in a radiation direction and while being tilted at a predetermined angle with respect to a rotation axial line of the turbine rotor, and capable of deflecting a water flow inside of the water conduit pipe in such a direction that the turbine rotor can be accelerated.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a head type hydroelectric generator capable of efficiently generating power even if the head of water is small.

  The head type hydroelectric power unit can use the potential energy to improve the power generation efficiency as the head of the water increases, but there is no suitable place for power generation with a large head, so the place where it can be installed is limited. Be In order to cope with this problem, it is conceivable to artificially form a head, but this requires a large-scale civil engineering work and the like, which increases the installation cost of the hydroelectric generator.

  In view of such problems, for example, in Patent Document 1, an overflow weir is formed in the water channel to form a head, and the overflow water from the overflow weir is taken from the intake box and the vertical flow water connected thereto There is described a head type hydroelectric power generation apparatus in which a generator is driven by flowing into a pipe and rotating a water turbine provided at a lower portion in a flowing water falling pipe.

  Further, in Patent Document 2, a spiral rib is provided on the inner circumferential surface of a water conduit (pipe) facing in the vertical direction, for flowing down the water introduced into the water conduit as a swirling flow, using the swirling flow, A drop-type hydroelectric power generation apparatus is described in which rotating blades housed in an intermediate portion in a water conduit are efficiently rotated to improve power generation efficiency.

JP, 2008-151151, A JP, 2013-189888, A

  In the hydroelectric power generation device described in Patent Document 1, since it is necessary to excavate and dig down the water channel or pour concrete for forming a head into the water channel to construct the overflow weir, the hydroelectric power generation device Installation costs increase.

In the hydroelectric power generation device described in Patent Document 2, since the swirling energy is added to the drop energy of water, it is possible to increase the power generation efficiency without making the drop so large.
However, since it is troublesome to form a helical rib on the inner circumferential surface of the water conduit, the manufacturing cost of the water conduit increases, and the cost of the entire hydroelectric power generation apparatus also increases.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and even if the head of water is small, the water turbine rotor can be efficiently rotated to improve the power generation efficiency, and the head can be easily dropped to the water channel without civil engineering work and the like. It is an object of the present invention to provide a head type hydroelectric power generator capable of efficiently generating power by reducing the installation cost.

According to the head type hydroelectric power generator of the present invention, the above-mentioned subject is solved as follows.
(1) A drop-type hydropower system including a water conduit provided in a water storage tank or water channel for flowing the stored water in the water storage tank or water channel downward using a head, and a power generation unit provided in the water conduit In the power generation apparatus, the power generation unit includes a rotor support case long in the water flow direction, a rotor shaft rotatably supported by the rotor support case, and a rotor shaft that is rotatably supported by the rotor support case, and the rotor shaft. A linked rotor, a water turbine rotor having a plurality of blades attached to the downstream end of the rotor shaft and rotating in a fixed direction by receiving water flow, and radiating to the outer circumferential surface of the rotor support case in the longitudinal direction It is fixed so as to protrude in a direction and inclined at a predetermined angle with respect to the rotation axis of the water turbine rotor, and the water flow in the water conduit can be deflected in the direction to accelerate the water turbine rotor It shall comprise a number of flow deflectors.

According to such a configuration, the flow of water flowing in the water guiding pipe is deflected so as to turn toward the water turbine rotor by the plurality of water flow deflecting plates inclined and fixed to the rotor support case of the power generation unit. The water current pushes each blade in the acceleration direction. Thus, turning energy is added to each blade in addition to the water position (falling) energy, and the rotation speed and torque of the water turbine rotor are increased.
Therefore, the height of the water conduit for draining the water is limited by the installation space of the water storage tank, the depth of the water channel, and the like, and the power generation efficiency can be improved even when the drop energy of the water is small.
In addition, since it is not necessary to provide a helical rib for making the water flow into a swirling flow as in the prior art on the inner peripheral surface of the water conduit, the manufacturing cost of the water conduit is reduced, and an inexpensive drop type hydroelectric generator is provided. be able to.

(2) In the above (1), the water channel is a water channel, and in this water channel, a weir plate is installed which raises the water level of the upstream water stream and forms a head with the downstream water stream; The upper end portion of the water conduit is connected to the upper portion of the weir plate so as to communicate with the water conduction hole formed on the upper portion of the weir plate for discharging the upstream water whose water level has risen to the downstream side.

According to such a configuration, even if it is a canal where it is difficult to form a head of water, it is possible to block the water flow by the weir plate and raise the water level on the upstream side to generate a head in the canal to generate power. The power generation efficiency is higher than hydroelectric power generation using water flowing naturally through irrigation canal.
Moreover, since the water level on the upstream side can be raised by the weir plate and a head can be formed in the canal, the water flow in the canal is small, and the water turbine rotor in the water conduit can be efficiently rotated even if the water level is low. Can be enhanced.
Furthermore, since a drop can be formed in the canal just by blocking the water flow by the gravel plate, a large-scale civil engineering work for constructing a concrete dam etc. becomes unnecessary, and the installation cost of the drop type hydroelectric power unit can be reduced. it can.

(3) In the above (1) or (2), a bent portion that suppresses the flow of the water flow in the centrifugal direction is formed at the tip of the water flow deflection plate.

  According to such a configuration, the flow of water deflected by the plurality of water flow deflection plates is suppressed from flowing in the centrifugal direction, and the amount of water and the amount of water deflected in the direction of accelerating the water turbine rotor are increased. The rotation speed and torque can be increased efficiently, and the power generation efficiency is further improved.

(4) In any one of the items (1) to (3), the water flow deflection plate is curved in a curved shape so that the water flow is curved in the direction of accelerating the water turbine rotor.

  According to such a configuration, since the water flow deflected by the plurality of water flow deflection plates is likely to be a swirling flow, the rotational speed and torque of the water turbine rotor are further increased, and the power generation efficiency is further improved.

(5) In any one of the items (1) to (4), the water receiving surface on the upstream side of the blade is directed to the rear outside in the rotational direction so that the inclination angle gradually increases toward the base end. And the chord length of the blade is gradually increased from the base end to the tip end, and the blade is inclined in the upstream direction from the maximum chord length to the tip end. The lift type blade is formed, and the protrusion dimension in the radial direction of the water flow deflection plate is a length such that the tip of the water flow deflection plate extends to the vicinity of the maximum chord length.

  According to such a configuration, the deflected water flow after passing through the plurality of water flow deflectors strikes the inclined surface from the base end to the vicinity of the maximum chord length in the plurality of lift type blades in a wide range, and flows along the inclined surface. Due to the water flow of the deflected water flow and the Coanda effect, the lift type blade is strongly pushed in the rotational direction, and the lift force orthogonal to the rotational direction is increased, whereby the rotational speed and torque of the water turbine rotor are increased.

  In addition, the tip of the lifting blade is provided with an inclined portion that inclines in the upstream direction, and the inclined portion catches the water flow that is going to escape from the tip of the blade in the centrifugal direction. Because the reaction is made to flow out in the diagonal centrifugal direction and the tip of the blade is pushed in the rotational direction by the reaction, the rotational efficiency of the water turbine rotor is enhanced. Therefore, the number of revolutions and the torque of the water turbine rotor are increased by the synergistic effect of the water flow deflection plate and the inclined portion, and the power generation efficiency is improved.

(6) In any one of the items (1) to (5), the number of the water flow deflectors is 3 to 16, and an inclination angle of each water flow deflector to the rotation axis of the water turbine rotor is a water flow deflector The smaller the number, the smaller the number, and the smaller the number, the larger the range not exceeding 45 degrees.

  According to such a configuration, the number of water flow deflection plates is in a range that does not reduce the flow velocity, and even when the number of water flow deflection plates is large, the flow resistance increases and the speed of the deflection water flow toward the water turbine rotor The lowering is suppressed, and when the number of the water flow deflection plates is small, the tilt angle can be increased to exhibit the water flow deflection effect.

  According to the head type hydroelectric power generation apparatus of the present invention, even if the head of water is small, the water turbine rotor can be efficiently rotated to improve the power generation efficiency.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a vertical side view of Example 1 of the head type hydroelectric power generating apparatus which concerns on this invention. It is an expansion transverse top view in the II-II line of FIG. It is an enlarged side view of the principal part of a power generation unit. It is an enlarged plan view of a single blade. It is a cross-sectional view in the VV line | wire of FIG. It is a cross-sectional view in the VI-VI line of FIG. It is a cross-sectional view in the VII-VII line of FIG. It is a perspective view of the principal part of the modification which curved the water flow deflection board. It is a vertical side view of Example 2 of the head type hydroelectric power generating apparatus which concerns on this invention. It is a vertical side view of Example 3 of the head type hydroelectric power generating apparatus which concerns on this invention. It is a vertical side view of Example 4 of the head type hydroelectric power generating apparatus which concerns on this invention. It is a vertical side view of Example 5 of the head type hydroelectric power generating apparatus which concerns on this invention. It is a side view showing the modification which made the water turbine rotor of a power generation unit the drag type water turbine rotor.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described based on the drawings.

  1 to 7 show a first embodiment of a head type hydroelectric power generator according to the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, the head type hydroelectric power generator 1 has a funnel-shaped lower portion and drainage on the lower surface. Attached to the water storage tank 2 having the hole 2A and the reverse L-shaped water pipe 3 whose upstream end is connected to the lower surface of the water storage tank 2 so as to communicate with the drainage hole 2A And the generated power generation unit 4.

  The water conduit 3 comprises a vertical pipe portion 3A, and a horizontal pipe portion 3B whose lower end is grounded to the ground G at the lower end thereof. , And the vertical pipe 3A. The drop of water from the lower end of the water storage tank 2 to the horizontal pipe portion 3B is, for example, 1 to 3 m in consideration of the installation space and the like of the drop-type hydroelectric power generation apparatus. Water flowing out from the lower end of the horizontal pipe portion 3B is sent to a canal, a river or the like via a water channel (not shown).

  An upper lid 5 having a wire mesh for covering relatively large dust and the like from entering is put on the opening surface of the upper end of the water storage tank 2. In addition, a filter 6 for capturing fine dust and the like that has entered the water storage tank 2 is detachably attached to the upper end portion of the vertical pipe portion 3A.

  In the water storage tank 2, for example, water drawn in from an irrigation canal, a drainage channel, a river, a lake, a reservoir, a reservoir, a dam, etc. is stored via the water supply pipe 7. The amount of water supplied to the water storage tank 2 is adjusted, for example, by a sluice valve (not shown) for flow rate adjustment provided at the intake port of the water supply pipe 7, and the stored water is almost full during operation of the hydroelectric generator. It is supposed to be kept.

  The water storage tank 2 and the water conduit 3 are stably supported by the ground G at the lower end and by a plurality of (for example, three or more) vertical support rods 8 fixed at the upper end to the outer peripheral surface of the funnel-shaped portion of the water storage tank 2 It is held.

  The power generation unit 4 is disposed in the central portion on the downstream side of the vertical pipe portion 3A, and has a hollow rotor support case 9 long in the water flow direction (vertical direction), and a counterclockwise direction in plan view at the lower end of the rotor support case 9 The rotor rotor 10, and a plurality of (eight in the present embodiment) water flow deflectors 11 fixed to the outer peripheral surface in the longitudinal direction (vertical direction) of the rotor support case 9 immediately above the rotor rotor 10, and the rotor The left end is fixed to the upper right side surface of the support case 9, and the right side portion passing through the vertical pipe portion 3A is supported by the mounting bracket 12 fixed to the right side surface of the vertical pipe portion 3A. A transmission shaft receiving arm 13 and a generator 14 attached to the mounting bracket 12 and linked to the water turbine rotor 10 to generate electric power are provided.

As shown in FIG. 2, the upper outer peripheral surface of the rotor support case 9 is vertical by the transmission shaft accommodation arm 13 and three horizontal case support arms 15 fixed to the inner surface of the vertical pipe portion 3A. It is stably supported by the pipe portion 3A.
Although not shown, the transmission shaft accommodation arm 13 and the case support arm 15 have a fish-shaped cross section in side view, which has a thick upper part and gradually decreases downward, and passes through them. The water flow is made to accelerate.

  The rotor support case 9 has a tuna-like shape with an upper portion having a large diameter and a gradually decreasing diameter toward the lower side, and a water flow flowing from the upper side toward the rotor support case 9 has a fish shape of the rotor support case 9 The velocity of the water flowing fast along the lower side and passing near the base of the blade 18 described later in the water turbine rotor 10 is increased.

  Inside the rotor support case 9, a rotor shaft 16 having a lower end protruding from the lower end of the rotor support case 10 and directed in the vertical direction (water flow direction) is rotatably supported and accommodated by a bearing (not shown). .

  The water turbine rotor 10 has a hub 17 fixed to the lower end portion of the rotor shaft 16 and a plurality of (four in the present embodiment) lift-type blades (the followings are fixed) , And a blade (abbreviated for short) 18 and. The hub 17 and the blade 18 are made of, for example, a synthetic resin (including a fiber reinforced synthetic resin), a light metal such as aluminum (including an alloy thereof), or a metal material such as stainless steel or titanium.

  The upper end portion of the rotor shaft 16 is a transmission means (two bevel gears meshing with rotating axes orthogonal to each other), and a horizontal transmission shaft rotated by the transmission means in the transmission shaft receiving arm 13 (both not shown) The generator 14 is driven by the rotation of the rotor shaft 16 in the counterclockwise direction in plan view together with the water turbine rotor 10 so as to generate power.

  As also shown in FIGS. 4 to 7, each blade 18 has a chord length gradually increasing from the base side toward the tip end portion so that the water receiving area becomes larger toward the tip end portion, and The rotation efficiency of the water turbine rotor 10 can be enhanced by forming the upward inclined portion 18A inclined upward in the upstream direction to increase the water flow trapping effect.

  The maximum chord length 18B of the blade 18 is located in the vicinity of the tip, and an upward inclined portion 18A is formed at the tip with the maximum chord length 18B as a base point. The upward inclined portion 18A is tapered toward the tip, and the inclination angle is, for example, 35 degrees to 45 degrees.

  As shown in FIG. 5 to FIG. 7, the cross-sectional shape of the blade 18 is such that the thickness on the front side in the rotational direction indicated by the arrow is thick and the thickness gradually decreases toward the rear end. The upper surface, which is the water receiving surface, is directed rearward in the rotational direction by expanding the side surface in an arc shape and further twisting the entire blade 18 at a predetermined angle with respect to the rotor shaft 16 to form a pitch angle. As an inclined surface 18C. The angle of inclination (angle of attack) of the inclined surface 18C is smaller at the distal end side of the blade 18 and gradually larger toward the proximal end.

  Thus, when each blade 18 receives a deflected water flow from the upper side, lift force in the direction of arrow A is generated in each blade 18, and the reaction force (thrust) acting in the rotational direction causes the water turbine rotor 10 to rotate counterclockwise in plan view. Rotate in the direction. In addition, since the upward inclined portion 18A is formed at the tip end of each blade 18, when the water turbine rotor 10 rotates, the proximal end from the proximal end along the inclined surface 18C inclined to the rear side in the rotational direction Since a part of the water stream to be discharged is captured by the upward inclined portion 18A and discharged in the oblique centrifugal direction, the reaction increases the thrust in the rotational direction of the blade 18, and the rotation speed and torque of the water turbine rotor 10 increase. Be enhanced.

  As shown in FIG. 3 in an enlarged manner, the eight water flow deflection plates 11 described above have outer peripheral surfaces in the vertical direction of the rotor support case 9 between the transmission shaft accommodation arm 13 and the case support arm 15 and the water turbine rotor 10. In order to project in the radial direction, and at a predetermined angle in the direction to accelerate the water turbine rotor 10, that is, in the direction opposite to the rotation direction of the water turbine rotor 10, at a predetermined angle with respect to the rotation axis of the water turbine rotor 10. The end is fixed. The dimension of each water flow deflection plate 11 in the axial direction (vertical direction) is, for example, approximately half of the length of the rotor support case 9 in the vertical direction, and the projection dimension in the radial direction is, for example, a blade at the tip end The length extends to the vicinity of the 18 largest chord lengths 18B. The projection size of each water flow deflection plate 11 in the radial direction may be a length extending to the tip of the blade 18 or a length exceeding the tip.

  A bent portion 11A bent in the direction opposite to the rotation direction of the water turbine rotor 10 is formed at the tip of the water flow deflection plate 11. The water flow deflection plate 11 can be integrally formed with the rotor support case 9 when it is formed of synthetic resin or the like.

  In the present embodiment, the inclination angle of each water flow deflection plate 11 with respect to the rotation axis of the water turbine rotor 10 is approximately 10 °, but this inclination angle is, for example, in the range of 5 ° to 45 ° depending on the number of water flow deflection plates 11 It is set within. That is, as the number of the water flow deflection plates 11 increases, the inclination angle decreases, and the number decreases, so that the water flow resistance increases due to the water flow deflection plates 11 and the velocity of the deflection water flow toward the water turbine rotor 10 does not decrease. It is preferable to make the inclination angle gradually larger according to When the inclination angle is increased, the water flow deflection effect is increased, but the water flow resistance is increased and the flow velocity toward the water turbine rotor 10 is decreased, so it is preferable not to exceed 45 °. The number of the water flow deflection plates 11 is, for example, 3 to 16, preferably 6 to 12 in accordance with the magnitude of the difference in the water flow in order to exert the water flow deflection effect without reducing the flow velocity. That's good.

  As in the case of the drop-type hydroelectric power generation apparatus according to the first embodiment, the plurality of water flow deflection plates 11 protruding in the radial direction are rotated on the outer peripheral surface of the rotor support case 9 located upstream of the water turbine rotor 10. When it is fixed to be inclined in the direction opposite to the rotational direction with respect to the axis, as shown by the arrows in FIG. 1 and FIG. The rotor 10 is deflected so as to turn in the direction in which the rotor 10 accelerates, that is, in the direction opposite to the rotation direction of the water turbine rotor 6.

  The deflected water flow after passing through each water flow deflecting plate 11 strikes a wide range from the base end of the plurality of blades 18 to the vicinity of the maximum chord length 18B, and the waters of the deflected water flows along the blades 13 and the Coanda effect. The lift in the rotational direction acting on the blade 13 is increased. As a result, each blade 13 is strongly pressed in the rotational direction (counterclockwise in plan view), and turning energy is added to each blade 18 in addition to the drop energy of the water, and their synergistic effect causes the rotation of the water turbine rotor 10 The number and torque are increased.

  Further, at the tip of the blade 18, an upward inclined portion 18A inclined toward the upstream direction is provided. Therefore, the water flow which tries to escape in the centrifugal direction from the tip of the blade 18 is captured by the upward inclined portion 18A and flows out in the diagonal centrifugal direction opposite to the rotation direction, and the tip of the blade 18 It is pushed in the rotational direction, and the rotational efficiency of the water turbine rotor 10 is enhanced. Accordingly, the height of the water conduit 3 is limited by the installation space of the water storage tank 2 and the synergetic effect of the water flow deflection plate 11 and the upward inclined portion 18A even if the water drop (position) energy is small. Thus, the rotation speed and torque of the water turbine rotor 10 can be increased to improve the power generation efficiency.

  Furthermore, since the bent portion 11A facing in the direction opposite to the rotation direction of the water turbine rotor 10 is formed at the tip of the water flow deflection plate 11, the water flow deflected by each water flow deflection plate 11 flows in the centrifugal direction The amount of water and the amount of water deflected in the direction opposite to the rotational direction of the water turbine rotor 10 are increased. As a result, the inclined surface 18C from the base end to the vicinity of the maximum chord length 18B of the plurality of blades 18 is strongly pushed in the rotational direction by the lift force by the Coanda effect, the rotation speed and torque of the water turbine rotor 10 become large, Efficiency is further improved.

FIG. 8 shows a modification of the water flow deflection plate 11. In this example, each water flow deflection plate 11 is curved in a curved shape so that the water flow is curved in the direction opposite to the rotation direction of the water turbine rotor 10. It is In this way, the water flow deflected in the direction opposite to the rotation direction of the water turbine rotor 10 by each water flow deflection plate 11 is likely to become a swirling flow, so that the plurality of blades 18 are effectively pushed in the rotation direction. The rotational speed and torque of the rotor 10 are increased.
In addition, the bending part 11A currently formed in the front-end | tip part of each water flow deflection | deviation plate 11 may be abbreviate | omitted, and it may be set as the water flow deflection | deviation plate 11 which only makes plate shape.

  FIG. 9 is a longitudinal side view of Example 2 of the head type hydroelectric power generation apparatus according to the present invention. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the member similar to Example 1 mentioned above, and the detailed description is abbreviate | omitted.

In the head type hydroelectric power generation apparatus of the second embodiment, the same power generation unit 4 as that of the first embodiment is disposed with the rotor support case 9 horizontal with the downstream side of the horizontal pipe portion 3B in the water conduit 3.
The generator 14 is fixed to the upper surface of the upward transmission shaft receiving arm 13 attached to the upper surface of the rotor support case 9 via a mounting bracket 12.

  Also in the drop-type hydroelectric power generation apparatus of the second embodiment, the water flow that has flowed into the horizontal pipe portion 3B is deflected by the plurality of water flow deflection plates 11 so as to turn in the opposite direction to the rotation direction of the water turbine rotor 10. Since the inclined surfaces 18C of the plurality of blades 18 are pushed in the rotational direction by the lift force by the Coanda effect, the rotational speed and torque of the water turbine rotor 10 are increased. Therefore, even when the water drop from the water storage tank 2 to the horizontal pipe portion 3B can not be increased, the power generation efficiency can be improved.

  FIG. 10 is a longitudinal side view of Example 3 of the head type hydroelectric power generation apparatus according to the present invention. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the member similar to Example 1 and 2 mentioned above, and the detailed description is abbreviate | omitted.

  In the falling type hydroelectric power generation apparatus according to the third embodiment, a drainage hole 2A to which the filter 6 is attached is provided at the lower end portion of the outer peripheral surface of the water storage tank 2 installed on the ground G. The upstream end of the water pipe 3 with a small amount of head inclination is connected to communicate with the drainage hole 2A, and the power generation unit 4 similar to the second embodiment is attached to the downstream end of the water pipe 3 It is a thing.

  Also in the head type hydroelectric power generation apparatus of the third embodiment, the water flow flowing in the water conduit 3 is deflected by the plurality of water flow deflection plates 11 so as to turn in the opposite direction to the rotation direction of the water turbine rotor 10. The inclined surface 18C of the blade 18 is pushed in the rotational direction by the lift force of the Coanda effect. Therefore, even if the water guiding pipe 3 has a small head difference and a low water flow velocity, the rotation speed and torque of the water turbine rotor 10 are increased, and the power generation efficiency is improved.

  FIG. 11 is a vertical cross-sectional side view of the fourth embodiment of the head-type hydroelectric power generation device according to the present invention, showing an example in which the head type hydro-electric power generation device 1 is installed in, for example, a water channel 19 for agriculture. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the member similar to each Example mentioned above, and the detailed description is abbreviate | omitted.

  In this embodiment, the weir 19 is provided with a weir plate 20 for blocking the water flow, raising the water level on the upstream side, and forming a head between the water flow on the downstream side and the water flow on the downstream side. The drop type hydroelectric generator 1 is attached to the side surface (left side surface of the figure). The anchor plate 20 and the drop-type hydroelectric power generator 1 are integrally connected in advance, and in a state where they are unitized, they can be lifted and installed in the water channel 19 by a crane or the like. To that end, a plurality of lifting brackets 21 such as eyebolts that can be lifted by hooking a hook of a crane or the like are attached to the central portion of a later-described later-described later holding plate 23 fixed to the upper end of the holding plate 20 .

  The upper and lower dimensions of the weir plate 20 are formed substantially the same as the depth of the canal 19 so that the lower end reaches the bottom of the canal 19, and the width dimension is also formed substantially the same width as the canal 19.

  A plurality of triangular reinforcing plates are arranged at the upper end of the gutter plate 20 so as to cross the water channel 19 and are straddled on the upper surface thereof, and a gutter plate holding plate 23 fixed by a plurality of fasteners 22 and 22 is arranged in the width direction. The scissor plate 20 is fixedly held by the scissor plate holding plate 23 and the reinforcing plate 23A, and is held immobile in the water channel 19.

  In the upper part of the weir plate 20, there is provided a water passage hole 24 for discharging the upstream flowing water whose water level has been raised, to the downstream side via a water pipe 28 described later. A mesh-like filter 25 for preventing foreign matter from flowing into the water passage 24 is detachably attached to the upper part of the upstream wall surface of the weir plate 20 by a plurality of holders 26, 26.

  A water passage 27 for adjusting the water level on the upstream side is provided at the lower end portion of the weir plate 20, and a part of the upstream water blocked by the weir plate 20 through the water passage 27 By draining to the downstream side, the water level on the upstream side is prevented from rising too much and overflowing from the water channel 19. The size and the number of the water flow holes 27 are appropriately determined by the depth, the flow rate, and the like of the water channel 19. Note that instead of providing such a water passage hole 27, the lower end of the weir plate 20 may be separated from the bottom surface of the water passage 19, and a gap formed between them may be a water passage hole. When the amount of water in the canal 19 is small, such a water flow hole 27 may be omitted and the entire upstream water flow may be blocked by the weir plate 20.

In the upper part of the wall surface on the downstream side of the weir plate 20, a water conduit 28 for causing the upstream flowing water whose water level in the canal 19 has been raised to flow downstream is attached in communication with the water conduit 24 There is.
The upper elbow pipe portion 28A bolted to the sheathing board 20 with a flange so that the right end upper portion opens in the upstream direction of the water channel 19 and the open end communicates with the water conduction hole 24 and the upper elbow pipe A vertical pipe portion 28B continuous with the downward opening of the portion 28A, and a lower elbow pipe portion 28C connected to the lower end of the vertical pipe portion 28B via a flange and having a lower left end opened in the downstream direction of the irrigation channel 19 There is.

  In the middle portion of the vertical pipe portion 28B, the power generation unit 4 arranges the rotor support case 9 so as to face the vertical direction as in the first embodiment, and the water turbine rotor 10 at the lower end is counterclockwise in plan view The plurality of water flow deflection plates 11 are attached to be inclined in the direction opposite to the rotation direction of the water turbine rotor 10. The generator 14 is separated from the downstream water surface so as not to be submerged.

  Also in the head type hydroelectric power generation apparatus 1 of the fourth embodiment, when the water on the upstream side blocked by the cover plate 20 flows into the water conduit 28, the water flow is generated by the water flow deflectors 11 in the power generation unit 4. It is biased to pivot in the opposite direction to the direction of rotation of 10.

  Due to this deflected water flow, the blades 18 are pushed in the rotational direction by the lift force by the Coanda effect, and turning energy is added to each blade 18 in addition to the drop energy of water. Even if the head is not increased so much, the rotational speed and torque of the water turbine rotor 10 are increased, and the power generation efficiency is improved.

  Further, even when it is difficult to form a head of water, as in the case of the canal 19, the water flow is blocked by the weir plate 20 to raise the water level on the upstream side, and a head is formed in the canal 19 to generate electricity. Therefore, the energy of the water stream to be used is large and the power generation efficiency is high, as compared with the hydroelectric power generation using the naturally flowing water stream of the canal 19.

In addition, since the weir plate 20 partially blocks the irrigation canal 19 and raises the water level to form a head, the water volume of the irrigation canal 19 is small and the water rotor in the water conduit 28 is low even if the water level is low. Can efficiently rotate and enhance power generation efficiency.
In addition, since a drop can be formed in the canal 19 only by blocking the canal 19 by the weir plate 20, a large-scale civil engineering work for constructing a concrete dam or the like as in the prior art becomes unnecessary. Cost can be reduced.

  In the fourth embodiment, it is also possible to extend the lower part of the lower elbow pipe portion 28C to the downstream side, and install the power generation unit 4 in the same form as that shown in FIG. In this case, the generator 14 may be covered with a waterproof cover or the like, or the transmission shaft accommodation arm 13 may be extended upward to separate the generator 14 from the water surface.

  FIG. 12 is a vertical cross-sectional side view of the fifth embodiment of the head type hydroelectric power generation apparatus according to the present invention, showing another embodiment in which the head type hydroelectric power generation apparatus 1 is installed in the water channel 19. The same members as those in the fourth embodiment are given the same reference numerals, and the detailed description thereof will be omitted.

  In this embodiment, an inclined water pipe 29 inclined downward in the downstream direction of the water channel 19 is attached to the upper portion of the gutter plate 20 similar to the fourth embodiment, and the above-described embodiment is mounted on the middle portion of the inclined water pipe 29. The power generation unit 4 similar to the example is installed so that the generator 14 is not submerged.

  Also in the head type hydroelectric power generation apparatus 1 of the fifth embodiment, when the water blocked by the roof plate 20 flows into the inclined water pipe 28, the water flow is generated by the water flow deflectors 11 in the power generation unit 4. Since it is deflected to turn in the direction opposite to the rotation direction, the rotational speed and torque of the water turbine rotor 10 are increased even when the drop type hydroelectric generator 1 is installed in a water channel 19 where it is difficult to increase the water drop. Power generation efficiency can be improved.

  In the head type hydroelectric generator 1 according to the fourth embodiment and the fifth embodiment, the weir plate 20 does not stop the water flow of the irrigation channel 19 completely, but the water on the upstream side where the water level is raised is a water conduit Since it flows downstream via 28, 29 and the water flow hole 27, there is no possibility of affecting the water right etc. on the downstream side.

In the fourth embodiment and the fifth embodiment, when the water channel width of the irrigation channel 19 is relatively large, the plurality of drop type hydroelectric power generators 1 can be arranged side by side in the width direction on the weir plate 20 having a large width dimension. , Can increase the power generation efficiency.
The head type hydroelectric power generation apparatus 1 according to the fourth embodiment and the fifth embodiment can be installed not only in the agricultural water channel 19 but also in water and sewage, industrial water channel, a river having a relatively small river width, and the like.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various modifications and changes can be made, for example, as follows, without departing from the scope of the present invention.
Although the number of the blades 18 of the water turbine rotor 10 is four in each of the above embodiments, the number of blades 18 is not limited to this, and it is needless to say that a water turbine provided with a lift type blade in which the upward inclined portion 18A is not formed at the tip. The present invention is also applicable to a head type hydroelectric generator using a rotor.

Further, as shown in FIG. 13, the present invention can be applied to a propeller type reaction water turbine rotor provided with a plurality of drag type blades 30, that is, a hydroelectric power generation apparatus using a drag type water turbine rotor 31. When such a drag-type water turbine rotor 31 is used, the water flow deflection plate 11 is made to accelerate the water turbine rotor 31 with respect to the rotation axis of the water turbine rotor 31, that is, in the same direction as the rotation direction of the water turbine rotor 31. You can tilt it.
Even in this case, since the drag type blade 30 is pushed in the rotation direction by the swirling water flow deflected by the water flow deflection plate 11, the water turbine rotor 31 can be accelerated to increase its rotational speed and torque.

  In each of the above embodiments, the generator 14 is installed outside the rotor support case 9 and the water conduits 3 and 28. However, the generator is accommodated in the internal space of the rotor support case 9 and the generated electric power is You may make it take out outside via the electrical wiring penetrated by the support arm 15. As shown in FIG.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Head type hydroelectric power generation apparatus 2 Water tank 2A Drainage hole 3 Water pipe 3A Vertical pipe part 3B Horizontal pipe part 4 Power generation unit 5 Upper cover 6 Filter 7 Water supply pipe 8 Vertical support rod 9 Rotor support case 10 Water wheel rotor 11 Water flow deflector 11A Folded Curved portion 12 Mounting bracket 13 Transmission shaft receiving arm 14 Generator 15 Case support arm 16 Rotor shaft 17 Hub 18 Lifting type blade 18A Upward inclined portion 18B Maximum chord length 18C Tilted surface 19 Water channel 20 Base plate 21 Lifting bracket 22 Fixing tool Reference Signs List 23 plate holding plate 23A reinforcing plate 24 water passage hole 25 filter 26 holder 27 water passage hole 28 water passage tube 28A upper elbow tube portion 28B vertical tube portion 28C lower side elbow tube portion 29 inclined water tube 30 resistance type blade 31 resistance type water wheel Rotor G ground

Claims (6)

A drainage type hydroelectric power generating apparatus comprising: a water conduit provided in a water storage tank or water channel for flowing down stored water in the water storage tank or water channel downward using a head, and a power generation unit provided in the water transmission pipe ,
The power generation unit includes a rotor support case long in the water flow direction disposed in the water conduit.
A longitudinally oriented rotor shaft rotatably supported on the rotor support case;
A generator linked to the rotor shaft,
A water turbine rotor having a plurality of blades attached to the downstream end of the rotor shaft and rotating in a fixed direction in response to a water flow;
It projects radially outward on the outer peripheral surface in the longitudinal direction of the rotor support case, and is fixed at a predetermined angle with respect to the rotation axis of the water turbine rotor, thereby accelerating the water flow in the water conduit to the water turbine rotor. A drop-type hydroelectric power generation apparatus comprising: a plurality of water flow deflection plates which can be deflected in a direction.   The water channel is a canal, and a weir plate is installed in the canal to raise the water level of the upstream water flow to form a head between the water flow on the downstream side, and the water conduit above the weir plate. The upper end portion is connected so as to be in communication with a water conduction hole formed on the upper side of the weir plate, which causes the upstream water whose water level has been raised to flow out to the downstream side. Drop-type hydroelectric generator.   The drop-type hydroelectric power generation apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a bent portion that suppresses the flow of the water flow in the centrifugal direction is formed at the tip of the water flow deflection plate.   4. The hydroelectric generator according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the water flow deflection plate is curved in a curved shape such that the water flow is curved in a direction to accelerate the water turbine rotor. apparatus.   The upstream water receiving surface of the blade is an inclined surface which is inclined rearward and outward in the rotational direction such that the inclination angle gradually increases toward the proximal end, and the chord length of the blade is the proximal end From the tip to the tip, and the blade is a lift-type blade having a sloped portion formed in the upstream direction at the tip with respect to the largest chord length, and protruding in the radial direction of the water flow deflection plate 5. The hydroelectric generator according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the dimensions of the water flow deflection plate are such that the tip of the water flow deflection plate extends to the vicinity of the maximum chord length.   The number of the water flow deflection plates is 3 to 16 and the inclination angle of each water flow deflection plate with respect to the rotation axis of the water turbine rotor is smaller as the number of water flow deflection plates is larger and does not exceed 45 degrees as the number is smaller. The head type hydroelectric power generation apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the size is made large within the range.

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