WO2019171710A1 - はんだ合金、はんだペースト、はんだボール、やに入りはんだおよびはんだ継手 - Google Patents
はんだ合金、はんだペースト、はんだボール、やに入りはんだおよびはんだ継手 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2019171710A1 WO2019171710A1 PCT/JP2018/047180 JP2018047180W WO2019171710A1 WO 2019171710 A1 WO2019171710 A1 WO 2019171710A1 JP 2018047180 W JP2018047180 W JP 2018047180W WO 2019171710 A1 WO2019171710 A1 WO 2019171710A1
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- solder
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- solder alloy
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- heat cycle
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/26—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 400 degrees C
- B23K35/264—Bi as the principal constituent
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/26—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 400 degrees C
- B23K35/262—Sn as the principal constituent
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/02—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape
- B23K35/0222—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape for use in soldering, brazing
- B23K35/0244—Powders, particles or spheres; Preforms made therefrom
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/02—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape
- B23K35/0222—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape for use in soldering, brazing
- B23K35/0244—Powders, particles or spheres; Preforms made therefrom
- B23K35/025—Pastes, creams, slurries
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/26—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 400 degrees C
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C12/00—Alloys based on antimony or bismuth
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C13/00—Alloys based on tin
- C22C13/02—Alloys based on tin with antimony or bismuth as the next major constituent
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/08—Non-ferrous metals or alloys
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a low melting point solder alloy, solder paste, solder ball, flux cored solder and solder joint.
- low melting point solder alloy examples include Sn-58Bi and Sn-52In as disclosed in JIS Z 3282 (2017).
- the melting temperatures of these alloys are 139 ° C. and 119 ° C., respectively, and both are alloy compositions representing low melting point solder.
- Sn-58Bi is widely used as a solder alloy having low cost and excellent wettability.
- the Sn—Bi solder alloy having a large Bi content causes Se to segregate in Sn during solidification and precipitates a coarse Bi phase. Since the Bi phase exhibits a hard and brittle nature, it degrades the mechanical properties of the solder alloy. Therefore, various solder alloys have been studied in order to suppress an increase in melting point and improve mechanical properties.
- Sn—Bi solder alloy is selected from the group consisting of In, Cu, Ag, Cu and Ag, and a composite thereof as a third component.
- a solder alloy containing about 2% by weight of at least one selected from the above is disclosed.
- Patent Document 2 discloses a solder alloy containing 0.5% or more and less than 50% In in a Sn—Bi solder alloy so that the tensile strength and the elongation are higher than predetermined values. .
- Patent Documents 1 and 2 describe that the mechanical characteristics of a low melting point solder alloy are improved by adding In.
- the inventions described in these documents are considered to have been made on the basis that In is a solid solution strengthening element of Sn.
- In is a solid solution strengthening element of Sn.
- one reason for the deterioration of the mechanical properties of the Sn—Bi solder alloy is the presence of a coarse Bi phase, which is a hard and brittle brittle phase.
- no matter how much the Sn phase is solid solution strengthened by In when a stress is applied to the solder alloy, the solder alloy breaks starting from the Bi phase.
- the use of substrates has been diversified, and it is desired to form a solder joint that can be applied to applications where an impact is applied.
- the presence of a coarse Bi phase may cause breakage due to an impact such as dropping. There is also.
- the Bi content is reduced in order to suppress the formation of the Bi phase, the melting point increases, and the solder alloy may not be sufficiently melted at the conventional reflow temperature, and unfusion may occur.
- the reflow temperature is raised in order to melt a solder alloy having a high melting point, the substrate and the package are warped during heating, and the solder alloy and the electrode are separated. In this case, the solidification of the solder alloy is faster than the relaxation of the warpage of the substrate or package during cooling, so the solder alloy may solidify while the solder alloy and the electrode are separated from each other, and unfusion may occur.
- Patent Documents 1 and 2 of Patent Document 2 show the results that the tensile strength is lowered and the ductility is improved as the In content is increased. For this reason, Patent Documents 1 and 2 show that the addition of In improves ductility among mechanical properties, but rather decreases the tensile strength. Furthermore, since In causes the solder alloy to be deformed after the heat cycle depending on the content, it can cause the heat cycle resistance to decrease.
- the inventors of the present invention first studied by focusing on the point of making the alloy structure of the solder alloy finer in order to improve the mechanical properties of the Sn—Bi solder alloy having a low melting point.
- a predetermined amount of In which was known as a solid solution strengthening element of Sn
- the alloy structure accidentally became fine to some extent, and a significant improvement in ductility could be confirmed.
- the tensile strength was equivalent to that of the Sn—Bi solder alloy.
- the alloy structure becomes coarse and the heat cycle resistance is lowered after the heat cycle, it has been thought that it is necessary to further refine the alloy structure.
- the alloy structure becomes finer as the In content further increases, but since a large amount of In promotes the formation of a low melting point phase, there is a concern about deterioration of heat cycle resistance.
- the present inventors conducted further detailed studies in order to improve heat cycle resistance by miniaturizing the alloy structure. Since noble metals are generally known to be expensive and form coarse compounds with Sn, it is conventionally avoided that noble metals are included in solder alloys containing Sn as a main component in a certain amount. It was. However, Ni / Pd / Au plating exhibits high mounting reliability by preventing the diffusion of Cu into the solder by interposing Pd in the intermediate layer. That is, in the case of the above plating, it is considered that the diffusion of Cu more than necessary is suppressed by entering Pd. For this reason, it was thought that the growth of crystal grains can be suppressed even after a thermal history such as a heat cycle after mounting, and high heat cycle resistance can be exhibited.
- the Sn—Bi solder alloy contains both elements of In and Pd in a predetermined amount, the rise in melting point was within an allowable range, and it was found that the occurrence of unfusion was suppressed.
- the alloy structure becomes finer, so that the coarsening of the alloy structure is suppressed in an environment where the temperature changes for a long time such as a heat cycle.
- the knowledge which was excellent in heat cycle tolerance was obtained.
- the present invention obtained from these findings is as follows. (1) It is characterized by having an alloy composition of Bi: 35 to 68%, In: 0.5 to 3.0%, Pd: 0.01 to 0.10%, and the balance being Sn in mass%. Solder alloy.
- alloy composition further contains, in mass%, at least one of P, Ge, and Ga in a total amount of 0.1% or less. alloy.
- FIG. 1 is a SEM photograph of a solder alloy
- FIG. 1A is a cross-sectional SEM photograph of the solder alloy of Comparative Example 1
- FIG. 1B is a cross-sectional SEM photograph of the solder alloy of Comparative Example 2.
- FIG. 1C is a cross-sectional SEM photograph of the solder alloy of Example 2.
- Alloy composition of solder alloy (1) Bi 35-68% Bi is an element necessary for suppressing the occurrence of unfusion by lowering the melting point of the solder alloy and exhibiting excellent heat cycle resistance. Since Sn—Bi eutectic alloy has a low melting point of 139 ° C., Bi can lower the melting point of the solder alloy and suppress unfusion. Also, a solder alloy containing a predetermined amount of Bi is known to exhibit superplasticity, and exhibits excellent ductility. For this reason, a solder alloy containing a predetermined amount of Bi is excellent in ductility and heat cycle resistance.
- the lower limit of the Bi content is 35% or more, preferably 45% or more, more preferably 50% or more, and further preferably 54% or more.
- the Bi content exceeds 68%, the melting point increases and unfusion may occur.
- a large amount of hard, brittle and coarse Bi phase precipitates, so that the solder alloy itself becomes hard and ductile. Deteriorates.
- the upper limit of Bi content is 68% or less, preferably 65% or less, more preferably 63% or less, and even more preferably 58% or less.
- In 0.5 to 3.0% In is an element necessary for lowering the melting point of the solder alloy and refining the alloy structure, and for improving excellent ductility, impact resistance and heat cycle resistance.
- In is a solid solution strengthening element, and since In dissolves in Sn and Bi to form crystal nuclei, the alloy structure becomes uniform and fine, and ductility is improved.
- a solder alloy containing a predetermined amount of In is excellent in heat cycle resistance. Moreover, if In content is in the said range, since the transformation of (beta) Sn and (gamma) Sn will be suppressed at the time of a heat cycle, high heat cycle tolerance will be obtained.
- the lower limit of the In content is 0.5% or more, preferably 0.7% or more, and more preferably 1.0% or more.
- the upper limit of the In content is 3.0% or less, preferably 2.5% or less, more preferably 2.2% or less, and particularly preferably 2.0% or less.
- Pd 0.01 to 0.10%
- Pd is an element necessary for improving the tensile strength while maintaining the ductility of the solder alloy.
- Sn—Bi—In—Pd solder alloy in which the Bi content and the In content are within the above ranges, if the Pd content is within the predetermined range, a coarse compound of Sn and Pd can be suppressed.
- the details are unknown, it is guessed as follows.
- the alloy composition containing Pd a large number of solidified nuclei of Pd are generated, so that the growth of the Sn phase precipitated around each of them is suppressed and the entire structure becomes fine. Accordingly, the mechanical strength and impact resistance are improved by the precipitation of fine Sn and Pd compounds.
- the lower limit of the Pd content is 0.01% or more.
- the upper limit of the Pd content is 0.10% or less, preferably 0.08% or less, more preferably 0.05% or less, and particularly preferably 0.03% or less.
- At least one of P, Ge, and Ga is 0.1% or less in total.
- These elements are arbitrary elements that can suppress Sn oxidation and improve wettability. is there. If the content of these elements does not exceed 0.1%, the fluidity of the solder alloy on the solder surface is not hindered.
- the total content of these elements is more preferably 0.003 to 0.01%.
- the P content is preferably 0.002 to 0.005% so that the above-described effects are sufficiently expressed.
- the content of is preferably 0.002 to 0.006%
- the content of Ga is preferably 0.002 to 0.02%.
- Sn The balance of the solder alloy according to the present invention is Sn.
- inevitable impurities may be contained. Even when inevitable impurities are contained, the above-mentioned effects are not affected. As will be described later, even if an element not contained in the present invention is contained as an unavoidable impurity, the above-described effect is not affected.
- solder alloy according to the present invention does not contain these elements.
- the simultaneous addition of Al and Ag, Zr, and Ni prevent formation of a uniform and fine alloy structure to form a coarse compound.
- Fe, Ca, Pt, and Mg promote the coarsening of the alloy structure.
- Sb is combined with In, the ductility is significantly lowered.
- these elements are contained as inevitable impurities, the above-described effects are not affected.
- solder alloy according to the present invention can be used as a solder paste.
- the solder paste is a paste formed by mixing solder alloy powder with a small amount of flux.
- the solder alloy according to the present invention may be used as a solder paste for mounting electronic components on a printed circuit board by a reflow soldering method.
- the flux used for the solder paste may be either a water-soluble flux or a water-insoluble flux. Typically, a rosin-based flux that is a rosin-based water-insoluble flux is used.
- solder paste according to the present invention may be used for joining with the Sn-Ag-Cu solder ball on the BGA side by being applied to the electrode on the substrate side.
- solder alloy according to the present invention can be used as a solder ball.
- the solder ball according to the present invention is used for forming an electrode of a semiconductor package such as a BGA (ball grid array) or a bump of a substrate.
- the diameter of the solder ball according to the present invention is preferably in the range of 1 to 1000 ⁇ m.
- the solder ball can be manufactured by a general solder ball manufacturing method.
- Flux cored solder The solder alloy according to the present invention is suitably used for flux cored solder having a flux in the solder in advance. Moreover, it can also use with the form of wire solder from a viewpoint of supplying solder to a cage
- the surface of each solder may be coated with a flux. In addition to this, the surface of the solder that does not have the flux in the solder may be coated with the flux.
- the flux content in the solder is, for example, 1 to 10% by mass, and the rosin content in the flux is 70 to 95%.
- rosin is an organic compound and contains carbon and oxygen, and therefore is not limited to a terminal functional group in the present invention.
- solder joint connects an IC chip in a semiconductor package and its substrate (interposer), or joins and connects a semiconductor package and a printed wiring board. That is, the solder joint according to the present invention refers to an electrode connecting portion and can be formed using general soldering conditions.
- solder alloy according to the present invention can be used in the form of a preform, a wire, and the like.
- the method for producing a solder alloy according to the present invention may be performed according to a conventional method. What is necessary is just to perform the joining method using the solder alloy which concerns on this invention according to a conventional method, for example using a reflow method.
- the melting temperature of the solder alloy in the case of performing flow soldering may be about 20 ° C. higher than the liquidus temperature.
- the direction which considers the cooling rate at the time of solidification can further refine an alloy structure
- the solder alloy according to the present invention can be produced by using a low ⁇ wire as a raw material. Such a low ⁇ -ray alloy can suppress soft errors when used for forming solder bumps around the memory.
- a solder alloy having the alloy composition shown in Table 1 was prepared, the alloy structure was observed, the melting point (liquidus temperature) was measured, and the tensile strength, ductility, impact resistance, and heat cycle resistance were evaluated.
- Tensile strength was measured according to JISZ3198-2. About each solder alloy of Table 1, it cast into the metal mold
- the case where the tensile strength was 70 MPa or more was evaluated as “ ⁇ ”, and the case where it was less than 70 MPa was evaluated as “x”.
- the elongation (ductility) was 120% or more, it was judged as a practically acceptable level and evaluated as “ ⁇ ”, and the case where it was less than 120% was evaluated as “x”.
- solder alloy of Table 1 was atomized to make solder powder.
- a solder paste of each solder alloy was prepared by mixing with a soldering flux composed of pine resin, solvent, activator, thixotropic agent, organic acid and the like.
- the solder paste is printed on a printed circuit board (material: FR-4) with a thickness of 0.8 mm with a metal mask with a thickness of 120 ⁇ m, and then 10 BGA parts are mounted with a mounter, and the maximum temperature is 190 ° C.
- Reflow soldering was performed under the condition of a holding time of 60 seconds to produce a test substrate.
- both ends of the test board were fixed to the pedestal with bolts so that the BGA parts faced to the pedestal side.
- impact resistance was evaluated by applying an impact of 1500 G in accordance with the JEDEC standard. Thereafter, the resistance value was measured. When it was less than 1.5 times from the initial resistance value, “ ⁇ ” was given, and when it was 1.5 times or more, “x” was given.
- solder alloy of Table 1 was atomized into solder powder.
- a solder paste of each solder alloy was prepared by mixing with a soldering flux composed of pine resin, solvent, activator, thixotropic agent, organic acid and the like.
- the solder paste is printed on a printed circuit board (material: FR-4) with a thickness of 0.8 mm with a metal mask with a thickness of 100 ⁇ m, and then 15 BGA parts are mounted with a mounter, and the maximum temperature is 190 ° C.
- Reflow soldering was performed under the condition of a holding time of 60 seconds to produce a test substrate.
- a test board soldered with each solder alloy is put in a heat cycle test apparatus set at a low temperature of ⁇ 40 ° C., a high temperature of + 100 ° C. and a holding time of 10 minutes, and at least one BGA from the initial resistance value of 3 to 5 ⁇ .
- the number of cycles when the resistance value of the component exceeded 15 ⁇ was obtained.
- 1700 cycles or more were set as “ ⁇ ”, and less than 1700 cycles were set as “x”.
- Examples 1 to 22 were found to be excellent in tensile strength, ductility, and impact resistance. In addition, the occurrence of unfusion is suppressed because the liquidus temperature is low, and because the alloy structure is fine, the coarsening of the alloy structure is suppressed even after the heat cycle, and the heat cycle resistance is excellent. I understood.
- Comparative Example 1 did not contain In and Pd, the alloy structure did not become fine, and the tensile strength, ductility, impact resistance, and heat cycle resistance were all inferior.
- Comparative Example 2 the mechanical strength was improved as compared with Comparative Example 1 because the compound of Sn and Pd was precipitated because it contained Pd, but the ductility was inferior because it did not contain In. Since Comparative Example 2 was poor in ductility, the heat cycle resistance and impact resistance were not evaluated. Since Comparative Example 3 did not contain Pd, the tensile strength and impact resistance were inferior.
- Comparative Example 9 was inferior in ductility because In and Sb coexisted. For this reason, heat cycle resistance and impact resistance were not evaluated.
- Comparative Examples 10 to 16 were inferior in ductility because the alloy structure was coarse. For this reason, heat cycle resistance and impact resistance were not evaluated.
- FIG. 1 is a SEM photograph of a solder alloy
- FIG. 1A is a cross-sectional SEM photograph of the solder alloy of Comparative Example 1
- FIG. 1B is a cross-sectional SEM photograph of the solder alloy of Comparative Example 2.
- FIG. 1C is a cross-sectional SEM photograph of the solder alloy of Example 2.
- the white portion is the Bi phase and the gray portion is the ⁇ -Sn phase.
- FIG. 1A showing Comparative Example 1 it was found that a coarse Bi phase was present because In and Pd were not contained.
- FIG. 1 (b) showing the comparative example 2 since it contains In, the alloy structure is finer than that in FIG. 1 (a), but it is not fine enough to obtain desired characteristics. I understood.
- FIG. 1 (c) showing Example 2 it was found that the alloy structure was the finest because it contained In and Pd.
- the Bi phase which is a brittle phase, is remarkably refined.
- the alloy structure was as fine as shown in FIG.
- the Sn—Bi—In—Pd solder alloy has a fine structure, and thus exhibits excellent tensile strength, ductility, impact resistance, and heat cycle resistance.
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Abstract
Description
(1)質量%で、Bi:35~68%、In:0.5~3.0%、Pd:0.01~0.10%、残部がSnからなる合金組成を有することを特徴とするはんだ合金。
(1) Bi:35~68%
Biは、はんだ合金の融点を下げることにより未融合の発生を抑制し、優れたヒートサイクル耐性を示すために必要な元素である。Sn-Bi共晶合金は融点が139℃と低いため、Biははんだ合金の融点を下げ、未融合を抑制することができる。また、Biを所定量含有するはんだ合金は超塑性を示すことが知られており、優れた延性を示す。このため、Biを所定量含有するはんだ合金は延性に優れるとともにヒートサイクル耐性に優れる。
Inは、はんだ合金の融点を下げるとともに、合金組織を微細にし、優れた延性、耐衝撃性ならびにヒートサイクル耐性の改善のために必要な元素である。Inは固溶強化型元素であり、InがSnおよびBiに固溶して結晶核となるために合金組織が均一で微細になり、延性が向上する。また、Inを所定量含有するはんだ合金はヒートサイクル耐性に優れる。また、In含有量が上記範囲内であれば、ヒートサイクル時にβSnとγSnとの変態が抑制されるために高いヒートサイクル耐性が得られる。
Pdは、はんだ合金の延性を維持したまま引張強度を向上させるために必要な元素である。Bi含有量およびIn含有量が上記範囲内であるSn-Bi-In―Pdはんだ合金においてPd含有量が所定の範囲内であると、SnとPdとの粗大な化合物を抑制することができる。この詳細は不明だが、以下のように推察される。
これらの元素は、上記の効果を阻害しない程度であれば含有してもよい任意元素である。化合物の形成を抑制して合金組織の微細化を維持することにより機械特性、耐衝撃性およびヒートサイクル耐性を維持する観点から、これらの元素の含有量は、好ましくは合計で0.1%以下である。
これらの元素は、Snの酸化を抑制するとともに濡れ性を改善することができる任意元素である。これらの元素の含有量が0.1%を超えなければ、はんだ表面におけるはんだ合金の流動性が阻害されることがない。これらの元素の含有量の合計は、より好ましくは0.003~0.01%である。各々の元素の含有量については特に限定されるものではないが、前述の効果が十分に発現されるようにするため、Pの含有量は好ましくは0.002~0.005%であり、Geの含有量は好ましくは0.002~0.006%であり、Gaの含有量は好ましくは0.002~0.02%である。
本発明に係るはんだ合金の残部はSnである。前述の元素の他に不可避的不純物を含有してもよい。不可避的不純物を含有する場合であっても、前述の効果に影響することはない。また、後述するように、本発明では含有しない元素が不可避的不純物として含有されても前述の効果に影響することはない。
本発明に係るはんだ合金は、これらの元素を含有しないことが望ましい。Al及びAgの同時添加、Zr、ならびにNiは、粗大な化合物を形成するために均一で微細な合金組織の形成を妨げる。Fe、Ca、PtおよびMgは、合金組織の粗大化を促進する。SbはInと組み合わせると延性が著しく低下する。なお、これらの元素が不可避的不純物として含有される場合には前述の効果に影響することがない。
本発明に係るはんだ合金は、はんだペーストとして使用することができる。はんだペーストは、はんだ合金粉末を少量のフラックスと混合してペースト状にしたものである。本発明に係るはんだ合金は、リフローはんだ付け法によるプリント基板への電子部品の実装に、はんだペーストとして利用してもよい。はんだペーストに用いるフラックスは、水溶性フラックスと非水溶性フラックスのいずれでもよい。典型的にはロジンベースの非水溶性フラックスであるロジン系フラックスが用いられる。
本発明に係るはんだ合金は、はんだボールとして使用することができる。本発明に係るはんだボールは、BGA(ボールグリッドアレイ)などの半導体パッケージの電極や基板のバンプ形成に用いられる。本発明に係るはんだボールの直径は1~1000μmの範囲内が好ましい。はんだボールは、一般的なはんだボールの製造法により製造することができる。
本発明に係るはんだ合金は、予めはんだ中にフラックスを有するやに入りはんだに好適に用いられる。また、鏝にはんだを供給する観点から、線はんだの形態で用いることもできる。さらには、線はんだにフラックスが封止されているやに入り線はんだに適用することもできる。それぞれのはんだの表面にフラックスが被覆されていてもよい。これに加えて、はんだ中にフラックスを有さないはんだの表面にフラックスが被覆されていてもよい。
本発明に係るはんだ継手は、半導体パッケージにおけるICチップとその基板(インターポーザ)との接続、或いは半導体パッケージとプリント配線板とを接合して接続する。すなわち、本発明に係るはんだ継手は電極の接続部をいい、一般的なはんだ付け条件を用いて形成することができる。
本発明に係るはんだ合金は、上記の他に、プリフォーム、線材などの形態で使用することができる。
所定の金型に表1に示す合金組成からなるはんだ合金を鋳込み、得られたはんだ合金を樹脂でモールドして研磨し、はんだ合金が半分程度研磨された箇所をFE-SEMにて1000倍の倍率で撮影した。
表1の各はんだ合金を作製して、はんだ合金の液相線温度を測定した。液相線温度は、JIS Z 3198-1の固相線温度の測定方法と同様のDSCによる方法で実施した。液相線温度が170℃以下の場合には「○」と評価し、170℃を超える場合には「×」と評価した。
引張強度はJISZ3198-2に準じて測定された。表1に記載の各はんだ合金について、金型に鋳込み、ゲージ長が30mm、直径8mmの試験片を作製した。作製した試験片は、Instron社製のType5966により、室温で、6mm/minのストロークで引っ張り、引張強度を測定した。また、同形の試験片を用いて、Instron社製のType5966により、室温で、0.6mm/minのストロークで引っ張り、試験片が破断したときの伸び(延性)を計測した。本実施例では、引張強度が70MPa以上である場合を「○」と評価し、70MPa未満である場合を「×」と評価した。伸び(延性)が120%以上である場合、実用上問題ないレベルと判断して「○」と評価し、120%未満である場合を「×」と評価した。
表1のはんだ合金をアトマイズしてはんだ粉末とした。松脂、溶剤、活性剤、チキソ剤、有機酸等からなるはんだ付けフラックスと混和して、各はんだ合金のはんだペーストを作製した。はんだペーストは、厚さが0.8mmのプリント基板(材質:FR-4)に厚さが120μmのメタルマスクで印刷した後、10個のBGA部品をマウンターで実装して、最高温度190℃、保持時間60秒の条件でリフローはんだ付けをし、試験基板を作製した。
表1のはんだ合金をアトマイズしてはんだ粉末とした。松脂、溶剤、活性剤、チキソ剤、有機酸等からなるはんだ付けフラックスと混和して、各はんだ合金のはんだペーストを作製した。はんだペーストは、厚さが0.8mmのプリント基板(材質:FR-4)に厚さが100μmのメタルマスクで印刷した後、15個のBGA部品をマウンターで実装して、最高温度190℃、保持時間60秒の条件でリフローはんだ付けをし、試験基板を作製した。
12、22、32 Sn相
Claims (9)
- 質量%で、Bi:35~68%、In:0.5~3.0%、Pd:0.01~0.10%、残部がSnからなる合金組成を有することを特徴とするはんだ合金。
- 前記合金組成は、質量%で、In:1.0~2.0%である、請求項1に記載のはんだ合金。
- 前記合金組成は、質量%で、Pd:0.01~0.03%である、請求項1または2に記載のはんだ合金。
- 前記合金組成は、更に、質量%で、Co、Ti、Al、およびMnの少なくともいずれか1種を合計で0.1%以下含有する、請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載のはんだ合金。
- 前記合金組成は、更に、質量%で、P、Ge、およびGaの少なくともいずれか1種を合計で0.1%以下含有する、請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載のはんだ合金。
- 請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載のはんだ合金を有するはんだペースト。
- 請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載のはんだ合金を有するはんだボール。
- 請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載のはんだ合金を有するやに入りはんだ。
- 請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載のはんだ合金を有するはんだ継手。
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CN201880088604.2A CN111683785B (zh) | 2018-03-08 | 2018-12-21 | 焊料合金、焊膏、焊球、带芯焊料及焊接接头 |
SG11202008635PA SG11202008635PA (en) | 2018-03-08 | 2018-12-21 | Solder alloy, solder paste, solder ball, resin flux-cored solder and solder joint |
UAA202004873A UA126095C2 (uk) | 2018-03-08 | 2018-12-21 | Припійний сплав, паяльна паста, кульковий вивід із припою, трубчастий припій з каніфольним флюсом і паяне з'єднання |
BR112020013321-3A BR112020013321B1 (pt) | 2018-03-08 | 2018-12-21 | liga, pasta, bola e junta de solda, e, solda de núcleo de fluxo de resina |
PL18908704T PL3715040T3 (pl) | 2018-03-08 | 2018-12-21 | Stop lutowniczy, pasta lutownicza, kulki lutownicze, lut z rdzeniem żywicznym oraz złącze lutownicze |
EP18908704.2A EP3715040B1 (en) | 2018-03-08 | 2018-12-21 | Solder alloy, solder paste, solder ball, resin cored solder, and solder joint |
HRP20211729TT HRP20211729T1 (hr) | 2018-03-08 | 2018-12-21 | Legura za lemljenje, pasta za lemljenje, kuglica lema, lem s jezgrom od smole, i lemni spoj |
US16/967,717 US20210001431A1 (en) | 2018-03-08 | 2018-12-21 | Solder alloy, solder paste, solder ball, resin flux-cored solder and solder joint |
CA3093091A CA3093091C (en) | 2018-03-08 | 2018-12-21 | Solder alloy, solder paste, solder ball, resin flux-cored solder and solder joint |
MYPI2020003278A MY194476A (en) | 2018-03-08 | 2018-12-21 | Solder alloy, solder paste, solder ball, resin flux-cored solder and solder joint |
ES18908704T ES2893576T3 (es) | 2018-03-08 | 2018-12-21 | Aleación de soldadura, pasta de soldadura, bola de soldadura, soldadura con núcleo de resina y junta de soldadura |
MX2020006919A MX2020006919A (es) | 2018-03-08 | 2018-12-21 | Aleación de soldadura, pasta de soldadura, bola de soldadura, soldadura con núcleo de fundente de resina y junta de soldadura. |
KR1020207020922A KR102194027B1 (ko) | 2018-03-08 | 2018-12-21 | 땜납 합금, 땜납 페이스트, 땜납 볼, 수지 내장 땜납 및 땜납 이음매 |
PH12020551403A PH12020551403A1 (en) | 2018-03-08 | 2020-09-08 | Solder alloy, solder paste, solder ball, resin flux-cored solder and solder joint |
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US20230111798A1 (en) * | 2021-10-07 | 2023-04-13 | Mk Electron Co., Ltd. | Lead-free solder alloy and method of manufacturing electronic device using the same |
US12030140B2 (en) * | 2021-10-07 | 2024-07-09 | Mk Electron Co., Ltd. | Lead-free solder alloy and method of manufacturing electronic device using the same |
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CN116689901A (zh) * | 2017-01-20 | 2023-09-05 | 联想(新加坡)私人有限公司 | 钎焊接合方法和钎焊接头 |
JP6795778B1 (ja) * | 2020-03-30 | 2020-12-02 | 千住金属工業株式会社 | フラックス、フラックスを用いたやに入りはんだ、フラックスを用いたフラックスコートはんだ、およびはんだ付け方法 |
KR20220012743A (ko) | 2020-07-23 | 2022-02-04 | 현대모비스 주식회사 | 모터용 버스바 유닛 |
CN112620649B (zh) * | 2020-11-30 | 2022-04-12 | 华中科技大学 | 一种铝合金材料及基于该材料的激光3d打印铝合金构件 |
CN113798722B (zh) * | 2021-09-30 | 2022-09-27 | 大连理工大学 | 一种复合焊膏及应用其制备组织为细晶β-Sn晶粒的BGA焊锡球/焊点的方法 |
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US20210001431A1 (en) | 2021-01-07 |
SG11202008635PA (en) | 2020-10-29 |
CN111683785B (zh) | 2021-07-30 |
TWI677581B (zh) | 2019-11-21 |
CN111683785A (zh) | 2020-09-18 |
TW201938809A (zh) | 2019-10-01 |
HRP20211729T1 (hr) | 2022-02-18 |
EP3715040A1 (en) | 2020-09-30 |
EP3715040A4 (en) | 2020-09-30 |
ES2893576T3 (es) | 2022-02-09 |
BR112020013321B1 (pt) | 2021-01-12 |
MY194476A (en) | 2022-11-30 |
EP3715040B1 (en) | 2021-08-18 |
PH12020551403A1 (en) | 2021-05-31 |
UA126095C2 (uk) | 2022-08-10 |
CA3093091C (en) | 2021-11-02 |
PT3715040T (pt) | 2021-09-08 |
KR20200091932A (ko) | 2020-07-31 |
BR112020013321A2 (pt) | 2020-08-18 |
JP6418349B1 (ja) | 2018-11-07 |
PL3715040T3 (pl) | 2022-01-17 |
HUE056461T2 (hu) | 2022-02-28 |
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