WO2019170129A1 - 一种内撑式夹具 - Google Patents

一种内撑式夹具 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019170129A1
WO2019170129A1 PCT/CN2019/077351 CN2019077351W WO2019170129A1 WO 2019170129 A1 WO2019170129 A1 WO 2019170129A1 CN 2019077351 W CN2019077351 W CN 2019077351W WO 2019170129 A1 WO2019170129 A1 WO 2019170129A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
clamp
support
elastic member
support member
disposed
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2019/077351
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
鲍磊
张凌峰
Original Assignee
苏州软体机器人科技有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 苏州软体机器人科技有限公司 filed Critical 苏州软体机器人科技有限公司
Publication of WO2019170129A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019170129A1/zh
Priority to US17/012,162 priority Critical patent/US12036647B2/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B11/00—Work holders not covered by any preceding group in the subclass, e.g. magnetic work holders, vacuum work holders
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B5/00—Clamps
    • B25B5/06—Arrangements for positively actuating jaws
    • B25B5/061—Arrangements for positively actuating jaws with fluid drive
    • B25B5/065—Arrangements for positively actuating jaws with fluid drive involving the use of flexible pressure bags or diaphragms

Definitions

  • the present application relates to a clamp, and more particularly to an internal support clamp.
  • the internal support type clamp has appeared in the prior art, it adopts the cylinder pulling elastic structure to deform and thereby clamps the workpiece. Due to the limitation of the cylinder bore and the air pressure, the internal support clamp of some fragile and soft workpieces is taken. The scene does not apply. For example, thin-walled glass products, ceramic products, rough embryos, and the like.
  • the inner bracket can include a first resilient member and a support member.
  • the first elastic member may be sealingly disposed on the support member in such a manner as to cover part or all of the outer side of the support member, so that the first elastic member can expand outward under the action of the charging and deflation device.
  • a connection structure for connection to the outside may be formed on the support member.
  • a reinforcing structure may be disposed on the outer wall and/or the inner wall of the first elastic member and/or an abrasion resistant layer and an anti-scratch layer may be disposed on the outer wall of the first elastic member. At least one of an oil repellent layer and an antistatic layer.
  • the reinforcing structure may include at least one of a reinforcing rib and a rough surface formed on the first elastic member.
  • the reinforcing rib may be at least one of a strip protrusion, a wave protrusion, and a zigzag protrusion.
  • a texture and/or a micro-bump may be disposed on the first elastic member such that an outer wall and/or an inner wall surface of the first elastic member may be formed as the rough surface.
  • the material of the first elastic member may be a highly elastic material.
  • the highly elastic material may be silica gel or rubber.
  • the waist portion of the first elastic member is concave in the mounted state.
  • the first elastic member is "conformal".
  • the middle portion of the support member may be formed with an inner recess such that an inner cavity can be formed between the first elastic member and the outer side of the support member.
  • an engaging portion may be disposed on the supporting member; in an installed state, an end portion of the first elastic member may be engaged with the engaging portion, so that The first elastic member may be sealingly disposed on the support member in such a manner as to cover part or all of the outer side of the support member.
  • the connecting structure formed on the support member may be a threaded connection structure or a snap connection structure.
  • a first air passage may be disposed in the support member; a passage between the first elastic member and an outer side of the support member may pass through the first air passage and the charge The deflation device is connected.
  • the inner bracket may further include a connecting member; the connecting member may be coupled to the supporting member for external connection of the inner bracket.
  • the connecting member may include an upper connecting portion for connection with the outside and a lower connecting portion for connecting with the connecting structure on the supporting member.
  • the upper connecting portion may be a threaded connection or a snap connection; the lower connection may be a threaded connection or a snap connection.
  • the connecting member may further include a crimping portion; the crimping portion may be formed at the upper connecting portion and the lower connecting portion to protrude outward in the radial direction a protruding portion; in the mounted state, the crimping portion can press the first elastic member against the support member to ensure a seal between the first elastic member and the support member Sex.
  • a second air passage may be disposed in the connecting member; a passage between the first elastic member and an outer side of the support member through the second air passage and the charging The deflation device is connected.
  • the inner bracket may further include a sealing member; the sealing member may be disposed at a joint of the first elastic member and the supporting member for securing the inner support The tightness of the fixture.
  • the sealing member may include a sealing block, an inner wall of the sealing block being sealingly coupled to an outer wall of the joint of the first elastic member and the support member.
  • a gas supply interface may also be included; the first elastic member and the outer side of the support member are communicable through the air supply interface and the charge and discharge device.
  • a telescopic mechanism may also be included; the support member is coupled to the telescoping mechanism either directly or through a connecting member.
  • the telescopic mechanism may be a telescopic rod, and the support member is coupled to the telescopic end of the telescopic rod directly or through a connecting member.
  • the telescopic mechanism includes a spring and a traction member; the support member is coupled to the spring and the traction member directly or through a connecting member such that the support member can follow the traction of the traction member
  • the spring expands and contracts and expands and contracts.
  • a cushioning structure may also be included; the support member is attached to the cushioning structure directly or through a connecting member.
  • the buffer structure may be a buffer, a cushion, a buffer sheet or a buffer spring; or the buffer structure may include a telescopic mechanism, a pressure sensor, and a controller;
  • the pressure sensor is connected to the controller, the support member is coupled to the telescopic mechanism, and the pressure sensor is disposed at a junction of the support member and the telescopic mechanism.
  • the jig may include the inner support jig and the auxiliary outer jig as described in any of the above.
  • the auxiliary outer clamp is disposed on the inner support clamp.
  • the auxiliary external clamp is a flexible jaw; the flexible jaw is disposed coaxially with the inner clamp, and the flexible jaw is opposite to the inner clamp
  • the telescopic movement is such that, in the use state, the flexible jaws are capable of gripping the object from the outside for gripping.
  • the auxiliary outer clamp may be an annular airbag clamp, a hydraulic jaw, a pneumatic jaw or an electric jaw.
  • the clamp may include the inner support clamp and the guide device as described in any of the above.
  • the guiding device is detachably disposed on the inner bracket.
  • the guiding device has a tapered or horn-like structure, and is detachably disposed at the protruding end of the inner struts by means of a screw connection or a snap connection.
  • the guiding device may comprise a guiding rod and a guiding sleeve.
  • the inner support clamp is coupled to the guide rod, and the guide sleeve is disposed on the guide rod.
  • a limit groove is disposed on the guide rod in the axial direction; a limit projection is disposed in the guide sleeve.
  • the limiting protrusion In the mounted state, the limiting protrusion is engaged in the limiting slot to prevent the guiding rod from rotating in the guiding sleeve, so that the inner supporting clamp can follow the guiding rod along the guiding sleeve
  • the defined direction moves telescopically.
  • an auxiliary external clamp may also be included.
  • the auxiliary outer clamp is disposed on the inner support clamp.
  • the clamp may include the inner support clamp and the auxiliary release device as described in any of the above.
  • the auxiliary detaching device is a jet structure, the jet structure is disposed on the inner struts, and in use, the jet structure is coupled to a charge and discharge device.
  • the auxiliary detaching device is a retractable push rod, and the retractable push rod is disposed on the inner struts.
  • the auxiliary detaching device is a vibration device, and the inner struts are disposed on the vibration device.
  • an airbag-based inner bracket including: an air passage, a support member, an airbag, and a connecting member; the airbag is made of a highly elastic material, at least covering the supporting member. a portion of the outer side and forming an inner cavity with the support member; at least one port of the air passage is connected to the inner cavity through the support member; the connecting member is coupled to the support member for the External connection of the inner clamp.
  • a sealing member is also included, the sealing member for ensuring the tightness of the inner stent.
  • the sealing member is disposed outside the air bag and/or the support member.
  • the sealing member comprises a sealing block, the inner wall of the sealing block being sealingly connected to the outer wall of the air bag and the support member.
  • the waist of the airbag is concave.
  • the material of the airbag is silica gel.
  • an air supply interface is further included, one port of the air supply interface is connected to one port of the air passage, and the other port of the air supply interface is connected to the air discharge device.
  • the air bag completely covers the horizontal outer side of the support member.
  • the connecting member is connected to a vertical outer side of the support member.
  • the connecting member is coupled to one or more other clamps.
  • a bracket is further included, the bracket being coupled to the connecting member and coupled to the other one or more clamps.
  • the additional one or more clamps comprise at least one of the inner support clamps.
  • an airway control component is further included, the airway control component connecting the communication of the air passages of the plurality of inner clamps.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of an internal stent according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of an inner struts according to further embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG 3 is a cross-sectional view of a front view of an inner stent according to further embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG 4 is a schematic view of the inner elastic clamp shown in some embodiments of the present application when the first elastic member is inflated and the inner side of the object to be gripped.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of an air passage in an inner stent according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIGS. 6 and 7 are perspective and cross-sectional views of the first elastic member when inflated, according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG 8 and 9 are schematic structural views of an inner bracket according to other embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 10 is an enlarged view of the portion I in Figure 9.
  • Figures 11 and 12 are front and cross-sectional views of a combined use of an internal clamp according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • Figures 13 and 14 are front elevational views of the combination of the inner struts in use in contraction and expansion, in accordance with further embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 15 and FIG. 16 are schematic structural views of an inner bracket type clamp having a telescopic mechanism according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 17 and FIG. 18 are schematic structural views of an inner support type clamp having a cushioning structure according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • 19 is a schematic block diagram of another clamp shown in accordance with some embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 20 is a schematic view showing the connection of the guide bar and the guide sleeve of Figure 19.
  • 21 is a schematic block diagram of another guiding device shown in accordance with some embodiments of the present application.
  • 22 is a schematic block diagram of another clamp shown in accordance with some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 23 is a structural schematic view of a telescoping mechanism shown as a spring and a traction member, in accordance with some embodiments of the present application.
  • the inner clamp can include the first elastic member 2 and the support member 3.
  • the first elastic member 2 may be sealingly disposed on the support member 3 in such a manner as to cover the entire outer side of the support member 3.
  • an engaging portion 31 is provided on the support member 3.
  • the upper and lower ends of the first elastic member 2 can be respectively engaged with the engaging portion 31, so that the first elastic member 2 can be sealed and disposed on the supporting member 3 in such a manner as to cover the entire outer side of the supporting member 3. on.
  • the engaging portion 31 is provided at the top and the bottom of the support member 3.
  • the first elastic member 2 is sleeved on the support member 3. Further, the upper end of the first elastic member 2 is attached to the engaging portion 31 at the top of the support member 3; the lower end of the first elastic member 2 is attached to the engaging portion 31 at the bottom of the support member 3.
  • the upper end and the lower end of the first elastic member 2 can be sealingly connected to the engaging portion of the support member 3 by means of an adhesive seal, a crimp seal, a snap seal, a seal seal, etc., so that the first elastic member 2 can be covered.
  • the entire outer side of the support member 3 is sleeved on the support member 3 and is sealingly connected to the support member 3.
  • the first elastic member 2 is completely wrapped on the horizontal outer side of the support member 3, and after inflation (positive air pressure state), the inner support clamp has a lantern shape, an ellipsoid shape or a drum shape, as shown in FIG. 6 and FIG.
  • the piece 2 can be in contact with the inner side of the object to be gripped 360 degrees horizontally, and a single inner clamp can grip the object.
  • the first elastic member 2 may also be sealingly disposed on the support member 3 in such a manner as to cover a portion outside the support member 3.
  • an engaging portion 31 is provided on the support member 3.
  • the upper and lower ends of the first elastic member 2 can be respectively engaged with the engaging portion 31, so that the first elastic member 2 can be sealed and disposed on the supporting member 3 in such a manner as to cover a part of the outer side of the supporting member 3. on.
  • engaging portions 31 are provided at the outer middle portion and the bottom portion of the support member 3.
  • the first elastic member 2 is sleeved on the support member 3.
  • the upper end of the first elastic member 2 is attached to the engaging portion 31 at the outer middle portion of the support member 3; the lower end of the first elastic member 2 is attached to the engaging portion 31 at the bottom of the support member 3.
  • the upper end and the lower end of the first elastic member 2 can be sealingly connected to the engaging portion of the support member 3 by means of an adhesive seal, a crimp seal, a snap seal, a seal seal, etc., so that the first elastic member 2 can be covered.
  • a portion of the outer side of the support member 3 is sleeved on the support member 3 and is sealingly connected to the support member 3.
  • the first elastic member 2 may be a cylindrical elastic member that is formed in an integrally formed manner or in a curled manner by the elastic sheet.
  • the first elastic member 2 and the support can be made by sealingly providing the cylindrical elastic member to the support member 3 in such a manner as to cover at least a part of the outer side of the support member 3, that is, to cover part or all of the outer side of the support member 3.
  • a structure similar to an airbag is formed between the outer sides of the members 3.
  • the first elastic member 2 and the outer side of the support member 3 communicate with the charging and discharging device so that gas can be filled between the first elastic member 2 and the outer side of the support member 3 to make the first
  • the elastic member 2 expands outward and discharges the gas between the first elastic member 2 and the outer side of the support member 3 to contract the first elastic member 2.
  • the inner clamp of the present application can protrude into the object to be gripped 200, and then pass through the charging and discharging device to the first elastic member 2 and the support member 3.
  • the gas is filled between the outer sides to expand the first elastic member 2 until the first elastic member 2 can form a proper clamping force inside the object to be gripped 200, and the object 200 can be gripped from the inside.
  • FIG. 4 after the clamping is completed, the gas between the first elastic member 2 and the outer side of the support member 3 is discharged, and the first elastic member 2 is contracted, so that the inner support clamp of the present application can be clamped. Take out the object 200. Since the air pressure between the first elastic member 2 and the outer side of the support member 3 can be set and adjusted as needed, the strength of the inner stay can be adjusted, and the thin-walled or fragile workpiece can be safely picked up.
  • the first elastic member 2 can also directly adopt an air bag.
  • the airbag and the charging and discharging device are connected in a state of being installed or used, so that the airbag can be filled with gas.
  • the outward expansion of the airbag and the discharge of the gas in the airbag cause the first elastic member 2 to contract, so that the object 200 to be gripped can be gripped from the inside.
  • the waist portion of the first elastic member 2 has a concave shape in the mounted state.
  • the first elastic member 2 when not inflated or evacuated (negative air pressure state), the first elastic member 2 is in a relaxed or contracted state, and the first elastic member 2 is present in the vertical direction (in the radial direction).
  • Concave shape In the case of the same size, the concave shape design can increase the surface area of the first elastic member 2 to further increase the range in which the first elastic member 2 can be extended after being expanded.
  • the first elastic member 2 can be "conformal.”
  • “conformal” may refer to a shape that conforms the surface of the first elastic member 2 to the surface of the article.
  • the inner surface of the first elastic member 2 can be designed to conform to the surface texture of the object; for example, the shape of the first elastic member 2 can be customized, as shown in FIG.
  • the direction in which the first elastic member 2 is expanded can be restricted, and the frictional force can be increased, as shown in FIG.
  • the first elastic member 2 is made of a highly elastic material.
  • the elasticity of the high elastic material is very good, and the deformation of the first elastic member 2 made of a highly elastic material can be realized by the pressure of the gas, and the first elastic member 2 made of the high elastic material has a high deformation speed, and is suitable for industrial applications. .
  • the material of the first elastic member 2 may be silica gel.
  • silica gel For example, hot-sulphurized solid organic silica gel, fluorosilicone, liquid silica gel, and the like.
  • Silica gel has high and low temperature stability, wide hardness range (10 to 80 Shore hardness), good chemical resistance, good sealing performance, good electrical properties, and resistance to compression deformation. Compared with conventional organic elastomers, silica gel is also very easy. Processing and manufacturing can be molded, calendered and extruded with low energy consumption, and the production efficiency is high. Tensile strength is the force required to cause each range of units when a piece of silicone material is torn.
  • the tensile strength of the hot-sweet-type solid organic silica gel ranges from 4.0 to 12.5 MPa; the tensile strength of the fluorosilica gel ranges from 8.7 to 12.1 MPa; and the tensile strength of the liquid silica gel ranges from 3.6 to 11.0 MPa. .
  • Elongation refers to the "limit rupture elongation" or the percentage increase relative to the original length when the sample breaks.
  • the hot-sulfur-type solid silica gel generally has an elongation ranging from 90 to 1120%; the fluorine silica gel generally has an elongation of between 159 and 699%; and the liquid silicone generally has an elongation of between 220 and 900%.
  • the choice of different processing methods, curing agents and temperatures can greatly alter the elongation of the sample.
  • the above technical problem of the airbag-based inner support jig in the prior art can be effectively solved.
  • the silica gel can be greatly deformed and can be effectively fitted to the inner side surface of the target object, it is not necessary to perform complicated design in advance. You can achieve the grip.
  • the inner support type clamp based on the high elastic airbag can be applied to the object to be gripped with complicated inner contour, and has strong versatility, low production cost and high efficiency, and is suitable for use in industrial scenes and living scenes. .
  • the material of the first elastic member 2 may also be rubber.
  • rubber for example, natural rubber, styrene butadiene rubber, butadiene rubber, isoprene rubber, and the like.
  • the material of the first elastic member 2 may also be a thermoplastic elastomer or an elastic composite material.
  • the first elastic member 2 may be a styrene-based TPE thermoplastic elastomer (such as SBS, SEBS, SEPS, EPDM/styrene, BR/styrene, CI-IIR/styrene, NP/styrene, etc.), olefins.
  • TPE thermoplastic elastomer such as dynamically vulcanized TPO,
  • diene TPE thermoplastic elastomer and the like.
  • the first elastic member 2 may be a POE elastic composite or the like.
  • a reinforcing structure 9 is provided on the outer and/or inner wall of the first elastic member 2.
  • the reinforcing structure 9 may include a reinforcing rib formed on the first elastic member 2.
  • the reinforcing rib is at least one of a strip-shaped projection, a wavy projection, and a serrated projection.
  • the reinforcing rib may be an annular convex structure which is extended circumferentially on the outer surface of the first elastic member 2 and protrudes outward in the radial direction.
  • the reinforcing rib may be a rib structure which is axially arranged on the outer surface of the first elastic member 2 and protrudes outward in the radial direction.
  • the number of reinforcing ribs may be 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 or more. .
  • the plurality of reinforcing ribs may be uniformly disposed on the outer surface of the first elastic member 2.
  • the plurality of ribs may be arranged on the outer surface of the first elastic member 2 in different manners as needed.
  • the friction coefficient of the surface of the first elastic member 2 can be increased, so that the frictional force with the inner side surface of the object to be gripped can be increased during use, Therefore, the inner support jig 100 of the present application can more stably treat the gripping object for clamping; on the other hand, the reinforcing rib can strengthen the first elastic member 2, increasing the strength, local rigidity and life of the airbag.
  • the effect of adjusting the shape of the first elastic member 2 in the expanded state can also be achieved by adjusting the number, size, and/or arrangement of the reinforcing ribs.
  • one or more reinforcing ribs may be uniformly disposed on the outer surface of the first elastic member 2, and the size of the reinforcing ribs may be set small to make the first elastic
  • the pieces 2 can be integrally expanded outward together when inflated.
  • a plurality of reinforcing ribs may be arranged according to a required interval length, and the size of the reinforcing ribs may be set.
  • the first elastic member 2 is inflated, a plurality of expansion portions of different lengths and/or different diameters can be formed (as shown in FIG. 7 and FIG. 15), for example, the first elastic member 2 is expanded to form a small upper portion and a lower portion. Large diameter structure.
  • a reinforcing structure may also be formed on the inner surface of the first elastic member 2.
  • the reinforcing structure formed on the inner surface of the first elastic member 2 can cooperate with the reinforcing structure on the outer surface of the first elastic member 2 to strengthen the first elastic member 2, thereby increasing the strength, local rigidity and life of the airbag;
  • the shape of the first elastic member 2 in the expanded state can be adjusted.
  • the reinforcing structure 9 can include a rough surface formed on the first elastic member 2.
  • the rough surface may be formed by a plurality of lines and/or micro-bumps provided on the first elastic member 2.
  • a plurality of spherical crown protrusions and/or textures may be provided on the surface of the first elastic member 2 in a uniform or uneven manner such that the outer wall and/or the inner wall surface of the first elastic member 2 is formed as a rough surface.
  • a wear layer, an antistatic layer, an oil repellent layer, and/or an anti-scratch layer or the like may also be disposed on the first elastic member 2.
  • the outer surface of the first elastic member 2 can be added to the outer surface of the first elastic member 2, thereby achieving functions such as wear resistance, no trace, oil proof, and antistatic.
  • an abrasion resistant coating such as KN17 polymer ceramic polymer coating, KN7051 silicon carbide ceramic coating, etc.
  • the oil repellent may be immersed in an outer surface of the first elastic member 2 such as a chromium complex of perfluorocarboxylic acid, a fluorocarbon acrylate resin, or an organofluorine compound such as fluorosulfonamidoethyl acrylate.
  • An oil repellent layer is formed on the upper surface.
  • it can be sprayed or immersed in antistatic materials (such as antistatic carbon coatings, antistatic metal coatings, antistatic metal oxide coatings, alkyd type, acrylic type, epoxy type, polyurethane type, etc.).
  • antistatic materials such as antistatic carbon coatings, antistatic metal coatings, antistatic metal oxide coatings, alkyd type, acrylic type, epoxy type, polyurethane type, etc.
  • an antistatic layer is formed on the outer surface of the first elastic member 2; or an antistatic film made of a metal oxide-based antistatic material or the like may be provided on the outer surface of the first elastic member 2.
  • an anti-indentation layer may be formed on the outer surface of the first elastic member 2 by spraying or soaking an anti-fingerprint coating agent or the like; or an anti-pressure film may be disposed on the outer surface of the first elastic member 2, thereby preventing the indentation layer. .
  • connection structure 32 for connection to the outside is formed on the support member 3, as shown in FIGS. 1, 2, and 3.
  • connection structure 32 can be a threaded connection structure or a snap connection structure.
  • the support member 3 can be directly connected to the outside by means of a screw connection or a snap connection in the form of a screw connection or a snap connection.
  • the support member 3 may be connected to the connecting member 4 by a screw connection or a snap connection in a screwed or snap-fit manner, and then connected to the outside through the connecting member 4.
  • an inner recess 33 is formed in the middle of the support member 3.
  • the central portion of the support member 3 may be formed with a recessed portion 33 in a radially inwardly recessed manner, as shown in FIGS. 1, 2, and 3.
  • the support member 3 can be made to have a small waist shape and a large end shape. That is, the support member 3 has a shape in which the diameter gradually increases from the middle portion to the top portion and the bottom portion, respectively.
  • the gas filling and discharging device can extract all or part of the gas between the first elastic member 2 and the inner concave portion 33, so that the first elastic member 2 is inwardly contracted and recessed, thereby The first elastic member 2 is separated from the object that has been gripped.
  • a first air passage 1 is disposed within the support member 3, as shown in Figures 1, 2, 3, and 5.
  • the first elastic member 2 and the outer side of the support member 3 communicate with each other through the first air passage 1 and the charge and discharge device.
  • the charge and discharge device may be in communication with the interior of the balloon through the first air passage 1.
  • the first airway 1 can include a main airway 11 and a plurality of air separation channels 12.
  • the first elastic member 2 communicates with the main air passage 11 through a plurality of air separation passages 12 or between the outer sides of the support members 3 or the airbags.
  • the main air passage 11 is connectable to the charge and discharge device.
  • the main airway 11 is disposed in the support member 3, one port is connected to the charging and deflation device; the air separation channel 12 is disposed between the main air passage 11 and the inner cavity or the inside of the air bag, and one port of each air separation channel 12 Connected to the main airway 11, the other port of the air separation channel 12 is connected to the inner cavity. As shown in FIG.
  • the first air passage 1 includes a main air passage 11 and six air separation passages 12, one port of each air separation passage 12 is connected to the main air passage 11, and the other air passage 12 is another.
  • the port is connected to the inner cavity.
  • the inner stent can also include a connecting component 4.
  • the connecting member 4 can be used for the external connection of the inner stent 100.
  • the connecting member 4 is coupled to the supporting member 3 such that the supporting member 3 and the first elastic member 2 can be connected to the outside through the connecting member 4.
  • the connecting member 4 may include an upper connecting portion 44 for connection with the outside and a lower connecting portion 45 for connecting with the connecting structure 32 on the supporting member 3.
  • the upper connecting portion 44 may be a threaded connection portion or a snap connection portion.
  • the lower connecting portion 45 may also be a screw connection portion or an engagement connection portion.
  • the connecting part 4 can be connected to the connecting structure 32 on the support part 3 by means of a lower connection 45 in a screwed or snap-fit connection.
  • the connecting member 4 and the support member 3 may be detachable. By providing the detachable connection between the connecting member 4 and the supporting member 3, the damaged member can be replaced when the first elastic member 2, the supporting member 3 or the connecting member 4 is damaged, without having to be completely scrapped, thereby saving use. cost.
  • the connecting member 4 and the supporting member 3 may also be non-detachable, or the connecting member 4 and the supporting member 3 may adopt an integral structure, so that the connecting member 4 and the supporting member 3 are more stable and firm.
  • the connecting member 4 may be connected to the vertical outer side of the supporting member 3, and such a connection manner improves the bonding area of the first elastic member 2 and the inner side surface of the object to be gripped. It is more convenient for the use of fixtures.
  • the connecting member 4 can also be connected to the horizontal side of the supporting member 3 through the first elastic member 2, and the airbag (inside airbag) through which the connecting member 4 passes when being inflated is free. Expanded, the outer airbag is in contact with the inner side of the object to be gripped.
  • the connecting component 4 further includes a crimp 46.
  • the crimping portion 46 is a protrusion formed between the upper connecting portion 44 and the lower connecting portion 45 in such a manner as to protrude outward in the radial direction. As shown in FIG. 10, in the mounted state, the crimping portion 46 can press the first elastic member 2 against the support member 3 to ensure the seal between the first elastic member 2 and the support member 3.
  • a seal ring or a gasket or the like may be provided between the first elastic member 2 and the engaging portion of the support member 3 to further secure the seal between the first elastic member 2 and the support member 3.
  • a second air passage is disposed within the connecting member 4.
  • the first elastic member 2 and the outer side of the support member 3 or the inside of the airbag can communicate with each other through the second air passage and the charge and discharge device.
  • the second air passage can communicate with the first air passage 1 provided in the support member 3 such that the first elastic member 2 and the outer side of the support member 3
  • the interior of the air bag or the interior of the air bag can be in communication with the charge and discharge device.
  • the inner stent in order to further ensure the tightness of the inner stent, in particular to prevent the airbag from leaking and causing undesired deformation, as shown in FIGS. 1, 3, and 10, the inner stent further includes a sealing member. 5.
  • the sealing member 5 may be a static seal or a dynamic seal.
  • Statically sealed seals are primarily gaskets, sealants and other direct contact seals.
  • the dynamic sealing seal member may be a rotary seal member and a reciprocating seal member. If the sealing member is in contact with the component that moves relative to it, the sealing component can be further divided into contact type and non-contact type; according to the sealing member and the contact position, it can be further divided into a circumferential seal and an end seal, and the end seal is also called a mechanical seal. .
  • the sealing member in the embodiment of the present application mainly adopts a sealing member whose end face is sealed in consideration of the ease of attachment and detachment of the component.
  • the corresponding sealing member 5 may be designed according to the inner contact shape of the first elastic member 2 and the support member 3, for example, an annular shape, a concavo-convex shape or the like, in which case the outer surface of the sealing member 5 and the first elastic member 2 and the support member 3 are Coincident inner wall sealing connection.
  • the sealing member 5 can also be arranged outside the first elastic member 2 and/or the support member 3, for example using a gasket, a sealant, and a sealing connection of the first elastic member 2 and/or the outer side of the support member 3.
  • the sealing member 5 may also be a sealing block 51, as shown in Fig. 3, at which time the inner wall of the sealing block 51 is sealingly connected to the outer wall of the first elastic member 2 and the support member 3.
  • the sealing block 51 includes an upper sealing block and/or a lower sealing block, and the upper sealing block may be disposed at a joint of the upper end of the first elastic member 2 and the top of the support member 3, and the lower sealing block may be disposed at The connection between the lower end of the first elastic member 2 and the bottom of the support member 3.
  • the sealing clamp is easier and more convenient to install and disassemble, and is more suitable for industrial use.
  • the sealing block 51 may be coupled to the support member 3 by a fastening screw 8, and the inner wall of the sealing block 51 is sealingly coupled to the outer wall of the first elastic member 2 and the support member 3.
  • FIG. 1 the sealing block 51 may be coupled to the support member 3 by a fastening screw 8
  • the inner wall of the sealing block 51 is sealingly coupled to the outer wall of the first elastic member 2 and the support member 3.
  • the sealing member 5 can also include a sealing sub-assembly 52.
  • the sealing sub-assembly 52 may be a sealing screw, and the sealing sub-assembly 52 may connect the upper and lower sealing members of the inner-supporting jig together to further press the edge of the intermediate elastic first elastic member 2 to realize physical connection and airtightness.
  • the sealing sub-assembly 52 may be a long screw as shown in FIG. 12 or a short screw.
  • the sealing sub-member 52 further connects the sealing member 5 with the supporting member 3 while elastically elasticizing the first elastic portion. The edge of the piece 2 is squeezed to achieve physical connection and airtightness, and embodiments of the present application are not limited.
  • the inner stent also includes a gas supply interface 6.
  • the first elastic member 2 and the outer side of the support member 3 or the inside of the air bag can communicate with the air supply and discharge device through the air supply port 6.
  • the air supply interface 6 can be disposed directly on the first elastic member 2. One end of the air supply interface 6 communicates with the inside of the first elastic member 2, and the other end can communicate with the charging and discharging device, so that the inside of the first elastic member 2 can communicate with the charging and discharging device, so that the air can be inflated when the charging and discharging device is supplied with air. Recover or contract when deflated or pumping.
  • the air supply interface 6 can also be arranged on the connecting part 4 or the support part 3. As shown in FIG. 3, the air passage on the connecting member 4 and/or the supporting member 3 communicates with one end of the air supply port 6, and the other end of the air supply port 6 communicates with the charging and discharging device, so that the first elastic member 2 It can communicate with the charge and discharge device, so that it can expand when the gas supply and discharge device supplies air, and recover or contract when it is deflated or pumped.
  • the charge and discharge device may be an electric charge and discharge device, a circulating charge and discharge device, a pumping device, a gas generator, or a gas storage tank.
  • One port of the air supply port 6 is connected to one port of the air passage on the connecting member 4 and/or the support member 3, and the other port of the air supply port 6 is connected to the charging and discharging device.
  • the gas storage tank may be connected to the gas supply port 6 through a device or joint having an inflation or exhaust function such as a solenoid valve.
  • the gas generator is connected to the air supply port 6 by means of a device or a joint having an inflation or exhaust function such as a solenoid valve; the gas generator may also be disposed in the first elastic member 2.
  • the pneumatic state of the first elastic member 2 can be controlled by a pneumatic system of a charging and discharging device (not shown) to precisely control the expansion of the first elastic member 2.
  • the inner support clamps of the above embodiments may be used alone or in combination.
  • a screw connection or a snap connection is provided on the connecting part 4 such that the connecting part 4 can be connected to the outside by means of a screw connection or a snap connection.
  • the connecting member 4 may include an upper connecting member and/or a lower connecting member, and may include an upper connecting member or a lower connecting member for an inner bracket type clamp, and may also include an upper connecting member and a lower connecting member, depending on the actual Use external connection requirements in the scenario.
  • Such internal support clamps can be used alone or in combination.
  • the other clamp can be connected by the connecting member 4 of the inner clamp.
  • a plurality of inner-supporting jigs are used in series by the connecting member 4, and as an integral jig, it is easy to mount and disassemble based on the series connection of the connecting members 4, and can be spliced into a length required in an actual use scene.
  • Fig. 11 is a front view showing a plurality of inner-supporting jigs used in series
  • Fig. 12 is a cross-sectional view of Fig. 11.
  • the connecting member 4 specifically includes an adapter mounting member 41 for connecting the integral clamp to the other connection, and an adapter connector 42 for connecting the two inner brackets.
  • the connecting member 4 may further include an adapter screw 43.
  • the adapter screw 43 is a long screw that connects an inner bracket to the previous inner bracket or adapter.
  • the adapter screw 43 may be a short screw, and only the support members 3 of the two inner-supporting clamps are physically connected.
  • the main air passages of the plurality of inner support clamps are connected through the connecting member 4, and pneumatic control of all the inner clamps is completed by a gas supply interface 6.
  • a sealing member 5 such as a sealing ring 53 is added at the joint of the main air passage and other components to further ensure the tightness of the inner bracket.
  • the integral clamp composed of a plurality of inner support clamps in series may further include an air passage control member for controlling communication of air passages of the plurality of inner support clamps.
  • the airway control components can be disposed within the adapter connection 42 (not shown) shown in Figure 12, such as a gas valve, to effect separate control of pumping or inflation of each of the inner stents.
  • a plurality of inner-supporting clamps having the air supply interface 6 may be directly connected through the connecting member 4, and the airway control member may be disposed at the air supply. Between the interface and the charge and discharge device, the corresponding inner support clamp is controlled to pump or inflate by controlling each air passage control component.
  • the inner support fixture further includes a bracket 7 that is coupled to the attachment member 4 for attachment to another clamp.
  • the combination of brackets can be seen as a "parallel" use of multiple clamps.
  • the airbag of each inner clamp type only needs to partially cover the horizontal outer side of the support member, and the combination of the bracket and the plurality of clamps is combined to form an integral clamp suitable for actual use, and the integral clamp and the object to be gripped are A plurality of contact points or contact faces are formed on the sides. As shown in FIG. 13 and FIG.
  • Fig. 13 is a front view showing a state in which the inner stay type jig is used in combination
  • Fig. 14 is a front view showing the inner stay type jig shown in Fig. 13 being used in combination.
  • the combination of parallel use does not require complex design for a single internal clamp, but is combined into a suitable integral clamp by means of a flexible bracket.
  • the bracket has a scale adjustment function, such as adjusting the size of the bracket by the length change of the bracket connecting arm.
  • the air passages of the plurality of inner support clamps may be connected, for example, the main air passages of the plurality of inner support clamps are directly connected, or the air supply interfaces of the plurality of inner support clamps are directly connected.
  • a charge and deflation device can be used to pump or inflate multiple internal clamps.
  • the integral clamp for combining the plurality of inner support clamps connected by the air passage may further include an air passage control member for controlling communication of the air passages of the plurality of inner support clamps.
  • the vent control member may be disposed at an air passage connection of the plurality of inner struts, or may be disposed at a supply interface of the plurality of inner struts.
  • the individual independent jigs may be the same type of jig or different types of jigs, and may include an inner jig and an outer jig.
  • the single independent fixture can also be a separate combination fixture, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • a "series" independent integral clamp can be used in combination with a "parallel" separate integral clamp.
  • the dimensions of the first elastic member 2, the support member 3, the connecting member 4, and the bracket 7 of the embodiment of the present application may be selected according to different objects to be gripped, and different specifications and combinations may be selected.
  • the inner stent can also include a telescoping mechanism 10, as shown in FIGS. 15 and 16.
  • the support member 3 can be coupled to the telescopic mechanism 10 directly or through the connecting member 4 or the like.
  • the first elastic member 2 is allowed to move with the expansion and contraction of the telescopic mechanism 10.
  • the connecting member 4 may be coupled to the telescopic end of the telescopic mechanism 10 by a screw connection structure so that the first elastic member 2 can move in accordance with the expansion and contraction of the telescopic mechanism.
  • the telescoping mechanism 10 can be a telescoping rod, such as an electric telescoping rod, a hydraulic telescopic rod, a pneumatic telescopic rod, and the like.
  • the telescoping mechanism 10 can include a spring 101 and a traction member 102 (eg, a pull wire, a traction rope, or a drawbar, etc.).
  • the support member 3 is connected to the spring 101 and the traction member 102 directly or through the connecting member 4, and the traction member 102 and the driving support member 3 are moved up and down, so that the support member 3 can be expanded and contracted with the expansion and contraction of the spring 101 under the traction of the traction member 102. , as shown in Figure 23.
  • the connecting component 4 can be formed as part of the telescoping mechanism 10.
  • the connecting member 4 can be part of the telescopic end of the telescoping mechanism.
  • the connecting member 4 may be part of the telescopic end of the telescopic rod.
  • the inner clamp By setting the inner clamp to a retractable form, it is possible to pick up items in a special scene. For example, when the objects to be gripped are densely stacked and some items are lower than the height of the items around them (for example, densely packed bottled objects), because there is not enough space, it is not suitable to be directly grasped from the outside by the clamp, and because the middle part The height of the article is low, and the middle portion can not be grasped when the inner clamp type is clamped in batches, and the inner support type clamp can be expanded and contracted by setting the telescopic mechanism 10, thereby completing the batch clamping of the densely stacked objects under the above circumstances. .
  • the inner stent can also include a cushioning structure 20.
  • the support member 3 is attached to the buffer structure 20 directly or through a connecting member 4 or the like.
  • the connecting member 4 is directly connected to the buffer structure 20.
  • the cushioning structure 20 can also be connected to the connecting member 4 via the telescopic mechanism 10.
  • the cushioning structure 20 can be of a unitary structure with the telescopic mechanism 10, as shown in FIG.
  • the connecting member 4 is connected to one end of the telescopic mechanism, and the other end of the telescopic mechanism is connected to the buffer structure 20.
  • the cushioning structure 20 can serve as a cushioning function to protect the clamp and the object to be gripped.
  • the positioning is not allowed to cause the first elastic member 2 to collide with the object to be gripped, and the buffer structure 20 can serve as a buffer to protect the clamp and the clamp to be clamped.
  • the buffer structure 20 can be a bumper, a cushion, a cushion or a buffer spring, or the like.
  • the buffer may also be a buffer that can be automatically adjusted. When the first elastic member 2 collides with the object to be gripped and the force exceeds a preset threshold, the buffer can automatically contract.
  • the buffer structure 20 includes a telescopic mechanism, a pressure sensor and a controller; the telescopic mechanism and the pressure sensor are connected to the controller, the support member 3 is connected to the telescopic mechanism, and the pressure sensor is disposed at the connection between the support member 3 and the telescopic mechanism .
  • the telescopic mechanism can be an electric telescopic rod, a hydraulic telescopic rod, a pneumatic telescopic rod, and the like.
  • the telescopic mechanism automatically contracts.
  • the cushioning structure 20 can also be a cushioning member.
  • a cushioning member for example, spring pads, shrapnel, springs, and the like.
  • the inner bracket can be passively contracted and can be retracted when the article is touched, thereby reducing possible damage to the article.
  • a cushioning structure 20 such as a spring, or other reasonable structure such as a telescopic rod, etc.
  • the inner bracket can be passively contracted and can be retracted when the article is touched, thereby reducing possible damage to the article.
  • the workpiece guides are not guided. For example, there are 60 parts, and there may be 59 pieces that can be inserted into the fixture, but one can not reach.
  • the 59 pieces that can be taken in can be removed without damaging the workpiece that cannot be reached.
  • the first elastic member 2 can also be protected by providing the buffer structure 20. Specifically, when the first elastic member 2 is inserted into the object to be gripped, if the positioning is not accurate or the insertion is too large, the first elastic member 2 encounters a relatively large resistance, and if the resistance is not buffered, the formation will be formed. For the destructive force, increasing the friction of the first elastic member 2 causes damage to the first elastic member 2.
  • An inner support jig of the present embodiment may include an air passage, an air bag, a support member 3, a connecting member 4, a sealing member 5, a gas supply port 6, a bracket 7, and a telescopic mechanism 10.
  • the airbag covers at least a portion of the outer side of the support member 3 and forms an inner cavity with the support member 3. At least one port of the air passage is connected to the inner cavity through the support member 3.
  • the connecting member 4 is connected to the support member 3 for external connection of the inner bracket.
  • the air passage may be constituted by a first air passage 1 formed in the support member 3 and a second air passage formed in the connecting member 4.
  • the first elastic member 2 is an air bag made of silicone.
  • the inner-arm type clamp of the airbag is mostly made of rubber, and the elasticity of the rubber is poor.
  • the principle of the cylinder is generally adopted. That is, the gas is sealed in the sealed cavity of the airbag, so that the pressure in the cavity is higher than several times or several times of the atmospheric pressure outside the cavity, and the pressure difference generated by the cross-sectional area of the piston rod is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the piston.
  • the movement of the piston rod is realized; the piston rod moves to press the airbag, so that the entire clamp moves in the vertical direction, thereby causing the airbag to deform in the horizontal direction.
  • the airbag has a slow deformation speed and a low degree of deformability, and is not applicable to an object having a complicated internal contour and a thin inner wall.
  • the material of the airbag as the silica gel
  • the above technical problem of the airbag-based inner bracket type clamp in the prior art can be effectively solved.
  • the inner support type clamp based on the high elastic airbag can be applied to the object to be gripped with complicated inner contour, and has strong versatility, low production cost and high efficiency, and is suitable for use in industrial scenes and living scenes. .
  • the sealing member 5 may be a static seal or a dynamic seal.
  • Statically sealed seals are primarily gaskets, sealants and other direct contact seals.
  • the dynamic sealing seal member may be a rotary seal member and a reciprocating seal member. If the sealing member is in contact with the component that moves relative to it, the sealing component can be further divided into contact type and non-contact type; according to the sealing member and the contact position, it can be further divided into a circumferential seal and an end seal, and the end seal is also called a mechanical seal. .
  • the sealing member in the embodiment of the present application mainly adopts a sealing member whose end face is sealed in consideration of the ease of attachment and detachment of the component.
  • a corresponding sealing member 5, such as a ring shape, a concavo-convex shape or the like, may be designed according to the inner contact shape of the airbag and the support member 3, at which time the outer surface of the sealing member 5 is sealingly connected to the inner wall of the airbag and the support member 3.
  • the sealing member 5 can also be arranged outside the airbag and/or the support member 3, for example using a gasket, a sealant, and a sealing connection to the outer side of the airbag and/or the support member 3.
  • the sealing member 5 may also be a sealing block 51, as shown in Fig. 3, at which time the inner wall of the sealing block 51 is sealingly connected to the outer wall of the air bag and the support member 3.
  • the sealing block 51 includes an upper sealing block and/or a lower sealing block, and the upper sealing block may be disposed at a joint of the upper end of the air bag and the top of the support member 3, and the lower sealing block may be disposed at the lower end of the air bag and supported The joint at the bottom of the part 3.
  • the sealing clamp is easier and more convenient to install and disassemble, and is more suitable for industrial use.
  • the sealing block 51 may be coupled to the support member 3 by a fastening screw 8, and the inner wall of the sealing block 51 is sealingly coupled to the outer wall of the air bag and the support member 3.
  • FIG. 1 the sealing block 51 may be coupled to the support member 3 by a fastening screw 8
  • the inner wall of the sealing block 51 is sealingly coupled to the outer wall of the air bag and the support member 3.
  • the sealing member 5 can also include a sealing sub-assembly 52.
  • the sealing sub-assembly 52 can be a sealing screw that can join the upper and lower seals of the inner struts to further compress the edges of the intermediate resilient bladder for physical attachment and airtightness.
  • the sealing sub-assembly 52 may be a long screw as shown in FIG. 12 or a short screw, in which case the sealing sub-assembly 52 further connects the sealing member 5 with the support member 3 while simultaneously toward the edge of the intermediate elastic bladder. Squeeze to achieve physical connection and air tightness.
  • the waist of the airbag may have a concave shape, as shown in FIG. 3, when not inflated or pumped (negative air pressure state), the airbag is in a relaxed or contracted state, and the airbag is in the vertical direction (in the radial direction). ) presents a concave shape.
  • the concave shape design can increase the surface area of the airbag to further increase the range beyond which the airbag can be expanded.
  • the outer portion of the airbag can be “conformal” as a whole.
  • Conformal may refer to a shape that allows the surface of the balloon to conform better to the surface of the article.
  • the inner surface of the airbag can be designed to conform to the surface texture of the object; for example, the shape of the airbag can be customized to be the same as the shape of the object being grasped, as shown in FIG.
  • the direction of balloon inflation can be limited and friction can be increased, as shown in FIG.
  • One port of the air supply port 6 is connected to one port of the air passage, and the other port of the air supply port 6 is connected to the air venting device.
  • the pneumatic system of the air venting device (not shown) can control the air pressure state of the airbag and precisely control the expansion of the airbag.
  • the air passage includes a main air passage 11 and a plurality of air separation passages 12, the main air passage 11 is disposed in the support member 3, one port is connected to the air release device; and the air separation channel 12 is disposed in the main air passage 11 and the inner cavity Between, one port of each air separation duct 12 is connected to the main air passage 11, and the other port of the air separation duct 12 is connected to the inner chamber. As shown in FIG.
  • the air passage includes a main air passage 11 and six air separation passages 12, one port of each air separation passage 12 is connected to the main air passage 11, and the other port and inner portion of each air separation passage 12 are Cavity connection. Through the multiple ports of the airway, the gas exchange efficiency in the airbag can be improved.
  • the airbag is completely covered on the horizontal outer side of the support member 3.
  • the engaging portion 31 is provided at the top and the bottom of the support member 3.
  • the airbag is sleeved on the support member 3.
  • the upper end of the airbag is attached to the engaging portion 31 at the top of the support member 3; the lower end of the airbag is attached to the engaging portion 31 at the bottom of the support member 3.
  • the upper end and the lower end of the airbag may be sealingly connected with the engaging portion of the support member 3 by means of an adhesive seal, a crimp seal, a snap seal, a seal seal, etc., so that the airbag may cover the entire outer side of the support member 3.
  • the inner support clamp is lantern-shaped, and the airbag can be horizontally 360° in contact with the inner side of the object to be gripped, and a single inner clamp can grip the object.
  • the connecting member 4 can be connected to the horizontal side of the support member 3 through the airbag, and the airbag (inner airbag) through which the connecting member 4 passes when inflated is freely expanded, and the outer airbag is in contact with the inner side surface of the object to be gripped.
  • the connecting member 4 can also be connected to the vertical outer side of the supporting member 3.
  • the connecting component 4 may include an upper connecting component and/or a lower connecting component.
  • an upper connecting component or a lower connecting component may be included. This includes the upper and lower connection components, depending on the external connection requirements in the actual usage scenario.
  • Such internal support clamps can be used alone or in combination.
  • another clamp can be connected by the connecting member 4 of the inner clamp.
  • a plurality of inner-supporting jigs are used in series by the connecting member 4, and as an integral jig, it is convenient to mount and disassemble based on the series connection of the connecting members 4, and can be spliced into a length required in an actual use scene.
  • the connecting member 4 specifically includes an adapter mounting member 41 for transferring the integral clamp to the other, and an adapter connector 42 for connecting the two inner brackets.
  • the connecting member 4 may further include an adapter screw 43. As shown in Figure 12, the adapter screw 43 is a long screw that connects an inner bracket to the previous inner bracket or adapter.
  • the adapter screw 43 may be a short screw, and only the support members 3 of the two inner-supporting clamps are physically connected.
  • the main air passages 11 of the plurality of inner support clamps are connected through the connecting member 4, and pneumatic control of all the inner clamp clamps is completed by a gas supply interface 6.
  • a sealing member 5 such as a sealing ring 53 is added at the joint of the main air passage 11 and other components to further ensure the tightness of the inner bracket.
  • the integral clamp composed of a plurality of inner support clamps in series may further include an air passage control member for controlling communication of air passages of the plurality of inner support clamps.
  • the airway control components can be disposed within the adapter connection 42 (not shown) shown in Figure 12, such as a gas valve, to effect separate control of pumping or inflation of each of the inner stents.
  • a plurality of inner-supporting clamps having the air supply interface 6 may be directly connected through the connecting member 4, and the airway control member may be disposed at the air supply. Between the interface and the bleed air device, the corresponding inner support clamp is controlled to pump or inflate by controlling each air passage control component.
  • the inner support clamp further comprises a bracket 7 which is connected to the connecting member 4 for connecting another clamp.
  • the combination of brackets can be seen as a "parallel" use of multiple clamps.
  • the airbag of each inner clamp type only needs to partially cover the horizontal outer side of the support member, and the combination of the bracket and the plurality of clamps is combined to form an integral clamp suitable for actual use, and the integral clamp and the object to be gripped are A plurality of contact points or contact faces are formed on the sides.
  • three inner-supporting jigs are connected by the bracket 7, and the combined one-piece jig can form three contact faces with the inner side surface of the object to be gripped.
  • the combination of parallel use does not require complex design for a single internal clamp, but is combined into a suitable integral clamp by means of a flexible bracket.
  • the bracket has a scale adjustment function, such as adjusting the size of the bracket by the length change of the bracket connecting arm.
  • the air passages of the plurality of inner support clamps may be connected, for example, the main air passages of the plurality of inner support clamps are directly connected, or the air supply interfaces of the plurality of inner support clamps are directly connected, and a pumping air is used at this time.
  • the device can perform pumping or aeration for a plurality of inner support clamps.
  • the integral clamp for combining the plurality of inner support clamps connected by the air passage may further include an air passage control member for controlling communication of the air passages of the plurality of inner support clamps.
  • the vent control member may be disposed at an air passage connection of the plurality of inner struts, or may be disposed at a supply interface of the plurality of inner struts.
  • the individual independent jigs may be the same type of jig or different types of jigs, and may include an inner jig and an outer jig.
  • the single independent fixture can also be a separate combination fixture, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • a "series" independent integral clamp can be used in combination with a "parallel" separate integral clamp.
  • the size of the airbag, the support member 3, the connecting member 4, and the bracket 7 of the embodiment of the present invention may be selected according to different objects to be gripped, and different specifications and combinations may be selected.
  • a plurality of reinforcing ribs formed by an annular convex structure arranged along the circumferential direction of the airbag are disposed on the outer wall of the airbag, so that the reinforcing structure 9 can be formed on the outer wall of the airbag, as shown in FIGS. Show.
  • the friction coefficient of the surface of the airbag can be increased, so that the frictional force with the inner side surface of the object to be gripped can be increased during use, thereby making the inner support of the present application
  • the jig 100 can more firmly hold the gripping object for clamping; on the other hand, the reinforcing rib can strengthen the airbag, increasing the strength, local stiffness and life of the airbag.
  • the effect of adjusting the shape of the airbag in the inflated state can also be achieved by adjusting the number, size, and/or arrangement of the ribs.
  • a wear layer, an antistatic layer, an oil repellent layer, and/or an anti-scratch layer are provided on the outer wall of the airbag.
  • functions such as abrasion resistance, antistatic, oil proof and/or no trace can be achieved.
  • the support member 3 may be connected to the outside directly or through the connecting member 4 by means of a threaded connection or a snap-fit connection in a threaded or snap-fit connection.
  • the central portion of the support member 3 may be formed with a recessed portion 33 in a radially inwardly recessed manner as shown in Figs. 1, 2, and 3.
  • the connecting member 4 may include an upper connecting portion 44 for connection with the outside and a lower connecting portion 45 for connecting with the connecting structure 32 on the supporting member 3.
  • the upper connecting portion 44 may be a threaded connection portion or a snap connection portion.
  • the lower connecting portion 45 may also be a screw connection portion or an engagement connection portion.
  • the connecting part 4 can be connected to the connecting structure 32 on the support part 3 by means of a lower connection 45 in a screwed or snap-fit connection.
  • the connecting member 4 further includes a crimping portion 46.
  • the crimping portion 46 is a protruding portion formed between the upper connecting portion 44 and the lower connecting portion 45 in such a manner as to protrude outward in the radial direction. As shown in FIG. 10, in the mounted state, the crimping portion 46 can press the airbag against the support member 3 to ensure the seal between the airbag and the support member 3. It is also possible to provide a seal ring or a gasket or the like between the airbag and the engaging portion of the support member 3 to further secure the seal between the airbag and the support member 3.
  • the support member 3 can be coupled to the telescopic mechanism 10 directly or through the connecting member 4 or the like so that the airbag can move with the expansion and contraction of the telescopic mechanism 10.
  • the connecting member 4 may be coupled to the telescopic end of the telescopic mechanism 10 by a screw connection structure so that the airbag can move as the telescopic mechanism expands and contracts.
  • the telescopic mechanism 10 may be a telescopic rod such as an electric telescopic rod, a hydraulic telescopic rod, a pneumatic telescopic rod, or the like.
  • the objects to be gripped are densely stacked and some items are lower than the height of the items around them (for example, densely packed bottled objects), because there is not enough space, it is not suitable to be directly grasped from the outside by the clamp, and because the middle part The height of the article is low, and the middle portion can not be grasped when the inner clamp type is clamped in batches, and the inner support type clamp can be expanded and contracted by setting the telescopic mechanism 10, thereby completing the batch clamping of the densely stacked objects under the above circumstances. .
  • the telescopic mechanism 10 can be replaced by the buffer structure 20.
  • the support member 3 is attached to the buffer structure 20 directly or through a connecting member 4 or the like.
  • the connecting member 4 is directly connected to the buffer structure 20.
  • the cushioning structure 20 can serve as a cushioning function to protect the clamp and the object to be gripped.
  • the buffer structure 20 can serve as a buffer to protect the clamp and the object to be gripped.
  • the buffer structure 20 may be a buffer, a cushion, a buffer sheet or a buffer spring or the like.
  • the inner bracket can be passively contracted and retracted when the article is touched, thereby reducing possible damage to the article.
  • a cushioning structure 20 such as a spring, or other reasonable structure such as a telescopic rod, etc.
  • the inner bracket can be passively contracted and retracted when the article is touched, thereby reducing possible damage to the article.
  • the workpiece guides are not guided. For example, there are 60 parts, and there may be 59 pieces that can be inserted into the fixture, but one can not reach. In this way, through the buffer structure, the 59 pieces that can be taken in can be removed without damaging the workpiece that cannot be reached.
  • the airbag can also be protected by providing the cushioning structure 20. Specifically, when the airbag is inserted into the object to be gripped, if the positioning is not accurate or the insertion is too large, the airbag encounters a relatively large resistance. If the resistance is not buffered, the deformation force is formed, and the friction of the airbag is increased. Causes damage to the air bag.
  • the telescopic mechanism 10 and the buffer structure 20 may be provided at the same time.
  • the cushioning structure 20 can also be connected to the connecting member 4 via the telescopic mechanism 10, as shown in FIG.
  • the connecting member 4 is connected to one end of the telescopic mechanism 10, and the other end of the telescopic mechanism 10 is connected to the buffer structure 20.
  • the telescoping mechanism 10 and the cushioning structure 20 may be of a unitary structure.
  • bracket 7, the reinforcing structure 9, the telescopic mechanism 10 and the buffer structure 20 are all optional, and can be selected as needed during actual manufacturing or use.
  • the jig includes the inner support jig 100 of any of the above and the auxiliary outer jig 40.
  • the auxiliary outer clamp 40 can be a flexible jaw.
  • the flexible jaws may be disposed coaxially with the inner stent 100, and the flexible jaws and the inner stent 100 are relatively telescopically movable such that, in use, the flexible jaws are capable of gripping the object 200 from the outside for gripping.
  • the auxiliary outer clamp 40 can also be an annular airbag clamp, a hydraulic jaw, a pneumatic jaw, or an electric jaw. These auxiliary outer clamps 40 can be engaged with the inner support jig 100 to grip the object 200 from the outside for gripping.
  • the clamp can be clamped from both inside and outside, even if one fails or slips, the other can be clamped; in addition, the clamp can be clamped by simultaneously treating the clamp from the inside and the outside.
  • the force distribution is more uniform, reducing the local stress and causing damage to the object to be gripped.
  • the article gripping in a special scene can be realized by providing the auxiliary outer jig 40.
  • the articles that are difficult to be directly grasped by the external grasping jig are grasped. At this time, the articles can be slightly lifted by the inner bracing jig, and then the auxiliary outer jig 40 is used to grip the articles.
  • the densely packed bottled objects do not have enough space, and are not suitable for direct grasping by external clamps.
  • the auxiliary external clamps 40 are combined with the internal support clamps, and are used first. The inner support clamp protrudes into the object to be gripped, and after lifting the object to a certain height, the auxiliary outer clamp 40 picks up the article for handling.
  • the jig includes the inner support jig 100 of any of the above and the guide 30.
  • the guide 30 can be detachably disposed on the inner clamp 100.
  • the guiding device 30 is in the shape of a bullet, a cone or a trumpet, which can be detachably disposed at the protruding end of the inner jig 100 by means of a screw connection or a snap connection.
  • the guide device 30 has a bullet shape which is detachably provided at the front end of the inner stay jig 100 by means of a screw connection or a snap connection. Since the jig is inserted or nested, it may not be accurately caught due to misalignment, and may even cause damage to the article.
  • the guiding device 30 can be made of an elastic material such as silicone rubber or rubber or a flexible material.
  • the guide 30 can be a hollow or solid structure.
  • the inner support clamp 100 is disposed on the guide device 30.
  • the guide 30 can include a guide bar 301 and a guide sleeve 302.
  • the support member 3 or the connecting member 4 is coupled to the guide bar 301 such that the first elastic member 2 can move as the guide bar expands and contracts.
  • the guide sleeve 302 is sleeved on the guide rod 301 such that the guide rod 301 can telescopically move in a direction defined by the guide sleeve 302.
  • a limiting slot 303 is disposed on the guiding rod 301 in the axial direction
  • a limiting protrusion 304 is disposed in the guiding sleeve 302.
  • the limiting protrusion 304 is disposed.
  • the guide rod 301 is prevented from rotating in the guide sleeve 302 so that the guide rod 301 can only telescopically move in a direction defined by the guide sleeve 302.
  • the guide bar 301 and the guide sleeve 302 can be part of the telescoping mechanism 10.
  • the guide sleeve 302 can be a first sleeve of a telescoping rod
  • the guide rod 301 can be a second sleeve with one end of the telescoping rod inserted into the first sleeve.
  • the guide bar 301 and the guide sleeve 302 can also be part of the cushioning structure 20.
  • the guide sleeve 302 can be a sleeve in the bumper and the guide rod 301 can be a telescoping rod or a piston rod in the bumper.
  • the clamp further includes an auxiliary outer clamp 40.
  • the auxiliary external fixture 40 is the same as or similar to the foregoing, and therefore will not be described herein.
  • the jig includes the inner support jig 100 of any of the above and the auxiliary detaching device 50.
  • the inner-supporting or outer-clamping jig When the inner-supporting or outer-clamping jig is desired to be detached from the article, it may not be detached in time due to electrostatic adsorption or the like, and the auxiliary detaching device 50 is disposed outside the inner struts, and when the detachment is required, the auxiliary detaching device 50 may be used to assist The item is detached.
  • the auxiliary detachment device 50 can be a jet structure, as shown in FIG.
  • the air jet structure is disposed on the inner support jig 100. And in the state of use, the jet structure is connected to the charge and discharge device.
  • the air jet structure may be a jet nozzle provided outside the inner bracket 100, and the air jet nozzle is connected to the charging and discharging device in an installed or used state.
  • the air jet structure may be a nozzle having an annular structure, and the nozzles are provided with annular air-jet holes 501.
  • the head In the mounted state, the head can be attached to the connecting member 4, and the nozzle having an annular structure is disposed coaxially with the inner bracket 100 such that the annular air holes 501 are oriented toward the outer surface of the first elastic member.
  • the air jet nozzle When the article is sucked up, the airbag contracts, but the article does not fall, and the air jet nozzle can be blown to the middle position and/or the side position to give an interference to the article, thereby causing the article to fall off.
  • the air jet structure may be an air passage formed on the first elastic member. In the state of use, the air passage is connected to the charging and discharging device, and when the article is sucked up, the airbag contracts, but the article does not fall and can pass through the airway.
  • Blowing down or upward along the first elastic member causes the article to fall off.
  • the jet structure is used to make a jet to the adsorption point of the article and the clamp, thereby assisting the separation of the article.
  • the auxiliary detachment device 50 can be a retractable push rod that is disposed on the inner struts 100.
  • the retractable push rod may be a pneumatic telescopic rod, which may be mounted on the inner support clamp 100 or formed in an integral structure with the inner support clamp 100.
  • the auxiliary detachment device 50 can be a vibration device.
  • the inner support jig 100 is disposed on the vibration device.
  • a micro-vibration device can be mounted on the inner support jig 100.
  • the vibrating device can be a cell phone vibrator or similar mechanism or device in an existing cell phone.
  • the inner clamp of the present application is small in size, light in weight, simple in structure, low in cost, and because of the soft nature of the silicone airbag, objects of different sizes and similar shapes can be gripped within a certain range, and no damage is caused to the clamped object. ; It can quickly and stably clip fragile and soft objects such as rings and bottles without damaging the surface of the object.
  • the inner clamp of the present application has the first elastic member protruding into the inner cavity of the object, the first elastic member expands to fit the inner surface of the object, and the clamping of the object to be gripped can be completed from the inside; further, The first elastic member can be "conformal" without local stress concentration and not easily damage the inner surface of the object.
  • the air pressure inside the airbag is adjustable, that is, the strength of the inner support can be adjusted, and the thin wall or the vulnerable workpiece can be safely picked up; further, even if the pneumatic system is overloaded, or the positioning is not allowed to collide, the article will not be generated. Damage; further, when the inner side of the object to be gripped is a complex contour, the silica gel can be greatly deformed, and it is not necessary to carry out complicated design in advance, and can also be effectively fitted to achieve the gripping.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Clamps And Clips (AREA)
  • Mattresses And Other Support Structures For Chairs And Beds (AREA)

Abstract

一种内撑式夹具，包括第一弹性件（2）和支撑部件（3），在支撑部件上形成有用于与外部连接的连接结构（32），该第一弹性件以包覆支撑部件的部分或者全部外侧的方式密封设置在支撑部件上，使得第一弹性件能够在充放气装置的作用下向外膨胀。该内撑式夹具体积小、质量轻，结构简单、造价低廉，可以在一定范围内迅速、稳定地夹取不同尺寸且内部形状规则或不规则的环状、瓶状等易碎、柔软的物体，且不对被夹取物产生损伤。

Description

一种内撑式夹具
优先权声明：本申请要求2018年03月07日提交的申请号为201810188339.7的中国申请的优先权，其全部内容以引用方式并入本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及一种夹具，尤其涉及一种内撑式夹具。
背景技术
在工业生产、日常生活中，需要拾取某些物体，有时会因为不方便直接接触其外表面，而只能采取从内侧撑住其内壁的方式来进行夹取。而某些物体，因为壁厚较薄、强度较弱或内表面易损伤等原因，不能够使用金属或其他刚性夹具进行内撑夹取，否则有可能对物体造成损伤。或者有些物体，内部空间较小或轮廓复杂，订制专用的刚性夹具，成本较高，且不能同时适用于其他物体。并且如果设计不当，还可能造成夹取稳定性不良，容易脱落。因此，需要一种技术以提供各种工业生产和日常生活中的内撑式夹取，或者是对某些物体做内部支撑、固定。
虽然现有技术中已经出现了内撑式夹具，但其采用气缸拉动弹性结构产生形变从而内撑夹取工件，由于气缸缸径和气压的限制，在一些易碎、柔软工件的内撑式夹取场景并不适用。例如，薄壁玻璃制品、陶瓷制品粗胚等。
发明内容
本申请的一个方面提供了一种内撑式夹具。该内撑式夹具可以包括第一弹性件和支撑部件。所述第一弹性件可以以包覆所述支撑部件的部分或者全部外侧的方式密封设置在所述支撑部件上，使得第一弹性件能够在充放气装置的作用下向外膨胀。在所述支撑部件上可以形成有用于与外部连接的连接结构。
根据本申请的一些优选实施方式，在所述第一弹性件的外壁和/或内壁上可以设置有增强结构和/或在所述第一弹性件的外壁上设置有耐磨层、防痕层、防油层和防静电层中的至少一个。
根据本申请的一些优选实施方式，所述增强结构可以包括形成在所述第一弹性件上的加强筋和粗糙面中的至少一种。
根据本申请的一些优选实施方式，所述加强筋可以为条形凸起、波浪形凸起和锯齿状凸起中的至少一种。
根据本申请的一些优选实施方式，在所述第一弹性件上可以设置有纹路和/或微型凸点，使得所述第一弹性件的外壁和/或内壁表面可以形成为所述粗糙面。
根据本申请的一些优选实施方式，所述第一弹性件的材质可以为高弹性材料。
根据本申请的一些优选实施方式，所述高弹性材料可以为硅胶或者橡胶。
根据本申请的一些优选实施方式，安装状态下，所述第一弹性件的腰部呈内凹状。或者，安装状态下，所述第一弹性件呈“共形”。
根据本申请的一些优选实施方式，所述支撑部件的中部可以形成有内凹部，使得所述第一弹性件与所述支撑部件的外侧之间能够形成一内腔。
根据本申请的一些优选实施方式，在所述支撑部件上可以设置有卡合部；在安装状态下，所述第一弹性件的端部可以卡合于所述卡合部上，使得所述第一弹性件可以以包覆所述支撑部件的部分或者全部外侧的方式密封设置在所述支撑部件上。
根据本申请的一些优选实施方式，在所述支撑部件上形成的连接结构可以为螺纹连接结构或者卡合连接结构。
根据本申请的一些优选实施方式，在所述支撑部件内可以设置有第一气道；所述第一弹性件与所述支撑部件的外侧之间可以通过所述第一气道和所述充放气装置相连通。
根据本申请的一些优选实施方式，所述内撑式夹具还可以包括连接部件；所述连接部件可以与所述支撑部件相连接，用于所述内撑式夹具的外部连接。
根据本申请的一些优选实施方式，所述连接部件可以包括用于与外部连接的上连接部和用于与所述支撑部件上的所述连接结构相连接的下连接部。
根据本申请的一些优选实施方式，所述上连接部可以为螺纹连接部或卡合连接部；所述下连接部可以为螺纹连接部或卡合连接部。
根据本申请的一些优选实施方式，所述连接部件还可以包括压接部；所述压接部可以为以沿径向向外凸出的方式形成在所述上连接部和所述下连接部之间的突出部；在安装状态下，所述压接部能够将所述第一弹性件压紧在所述支 撑部件上，以保证所述第一弹性件与所述支撑部件之间的密封性。
根据本申请的一些优选实施方式，在所述连接部件内可以设置有第二气道；所述第一弹性件与所述支撑部件的外侧之间能够通过所述第二气道和所述充放气装置相连通。
根据本申请的一些优选实施方式，所述内撑式夹具还可以包括密封部件；所述密封部件可以设置在所述第一弹性件与所述支撑部件的连接处，用于保证所述内撑式夹具的密封性。
根据本申请的一些优选实施方式，所述密封部件可以包括密封压块，所述密封压块的内壁与所述第一弹性件和所述支撑部件连接处的外壁密封连接。
根据本申请的一些优选实施方式，还可以包括供气接口；所述第一弹性件与所述支撑部件的外侧之间能够通过所述供气接口和所述充放气装置相连通。
根据本申请的一些优选实施方式，还可以包括伸缩机构；所述支撑部件直接或者通过连接部件连接在所述伸缩机构上。
根据本申请的一些优选实施方式，所述伸缩机构可以为伸缩杆，所述支撑部件直接或者通过连接部件连接在所述伸缩杆的伸缩端。或者，所述伸缩机构包括弹簧和牵引件；所述支撑部件直接或者通过连接部件与所述弹簧和所述牵引件相连接，使得所述支撑部件在所述牵引件的牵引下能够随所述弹簧的伸缩而伸缩。
根据本申请的一些优选实施方式，还可以包括缓冲结构；所述支撑部件直接或者通过连接部件连接在所述缓冲结构上。
根据本申请的一些优选实施方式，所述缓冲结构可以为缓冲器、缓冲垫、缓冲片或缓冲弹簧；或者，所述缓冲结构可以包括伸缩机构、压力传感器和控制器；所述伸缩机构和所述压力传感器与所述控制器相连接，所述支撑部件连接在所述伸缩机构上，所述压力传感器设置于所述支撑部件与所述伸缩机构的连接处。
本申请的另一个方面提供了一种夹具。该夹具可以包括如上任意一项所述的内撑式夹具以及辅助外夹具。所述辅助外夹具设置于所述内撑式夹具上。
根据本申请的一些优选实施方式，所述辅助外夹具为柔性夹爪；所述柔性夹爪与所述内撑式夹具同轴设置，并且所述柔性夹爪与所述内撑式夹具能够相对伸缩移动，使得在使用状态下，所述柔性夹爪能够从外部对待夹取物体进行夹取。或者，所述辅助外夹具可以为环状气囊夹具、液压夹爪、气动夹爪或电动夹 爪。
本申请的另一个方面提供了另一种夹具。该夹具可以包括如上任意一项所述的内撑式夹具以及导向装置。所述导向装置可拆卸地设置于所述内撑式夹具上。
根据本申请的一些优选实施方式，所述导向装置呈锥型或喇叭状结构，其通过螺纹连接或卡合连接的方式可拆卸地设置于所述内撑式夹具的伸入端。或者，所述导向装置可以包括导向杆和导向套。所述内撑式夹具连接在所述导向杆上，所述导向套套设在所述导向杆上。并且，在所述导向杆上沿轴向设置有限位槽；在所述导向套内设置有限位凸起。安装状态下，所述限位凸起卡合在限位槽内，以防止所述导向杆在所述导向套内转动，使得所述内撑式夹具能够随所述导向杆沿所述导向套所限定的方向伸缩移动。
根据本申请的一些优选实施方式，还可以包括辅助外夹具。所述辅助外夹具设置于所述内撑式夹具上。
本申请的再一个方面提供了另一种夹具。该夹具可以包括如上任意一项所述的内撑式夹具以及辅助脱离装置。所述辅助脱离装置为喷气结构，所述喷气结构设置于所述内撑式夹具上，并且在使用状态下，所述喷气结构与充放气装置相连接。或者，所述辅助脱离装置为可伸缩推杆，所述可伸缩推杆设置于所述内撑式夹具上。或者，所述辅助脱离装置为振动装置，所述内撑式夹具设置于所述振动装置上。
根据本申请的一个优选实施方式提供了一种基于气囊的内撑式夹具，包括：气道、支撑部件、气囊和连接部件；所述气囊的材质为高弹性材料，至少包覆所述支撑部件的部分外侧，并与所述支撑部件形成内腔；所述气道的至少一个端口穿过所述支撑部件与所述内腔连接；所述连接部件与所述支撑部件连接，用于所述内撑式夹具的外部连接。
可选地，还包括密封部件，所述密封部件用于保证所述内撑式夹具的密封性。
可选地，所述密封部件设置在所述气囊和/或所述支撑部件的外侧。
可选地，所述密封部件包括密封压块，所述密封压块的内壁与所述气囊和所述支撑部件的外壁密封连接。
可选地，所述气囊的腰部为内凹形状。
可选地，所述气囊的材质为硅胶。
可选地，还包括供气接口，所述供气接口的一个端口与所述气道的一个端口连接，所述供气接口的另一端口与抽放气装置连接。
可选地，所述气囊完全包覆所述支撑部件的水平外侧。
可选地，所述连接部件与所述支撑部件的垂直外侧连接。
可选地，所述连接部件与另外一个或多个夹具连接。
可选地，还包括支架，所述支架与所述连接部件连接，并连接另外一个或多个夹具。
可选地，所述另外一个或多个夹具包括至少一个所述内撑式夹具。
可选地，还包括气道控制部件，所述气道控制部件连接多个所述内撑式夹具的气道的连通。
本申请的一部分附加特性可以在下面的描述中进行说明。通过对以下描述和相应附图的检查或者对实施例的生产或操作的了解，本申请的一部分附加特性对于本领域技术人员是明显的。本申请披露的特性可以通过对以下描述的具体实施例的各种方法、手段和组合的实践或使用得以实现和达到。
附图说明
在此所述的附图用来提供对本申请的进一步理解，构成本申请的一部分，本申请的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本申请，并不构成对本申请的限定。在各图中，相同标号表示相同部件。
图1是根据本申请的一些实施例所示的内撑式夹具的结构示意图。
图2是根据本申请的另一些实施例所示的内撑式夹具的结构示意图。
图3是根据本申请的另一些实施例所示的内撑式夹具的主视图的剖视图。
图4是根据本申请的一些实施例所示的内撑式夹具中第一弹性件膨胀与待夹取物体的内侧面贴合时的示意图。
图5是根据本申请的一些实施例所示的内撑式夹具中气道的示意图。
图6、图7是根据本申请的一些实施例所示的第一弹性件处于膨胀时的立体图和剖视图。
图8、图9是根据本申请的另一些实施例所示的内撑式夹具的结构示意图。
图10是图9中I处放大图。
图11、图12是根据本申请的一些实施例所示的内撑式夹具组合使用的主视图和剖视图。
图13、图14是根据本申请的另一些实施例所示的内撑式夹具组合使用处于收缩和膨胀时的主视图。
图15、图16是根据本申请的一些实施例所示的具有伸缩机构的内撑式夹具的结构示意图。
图17、图18是根据本申请的一些实施例所示的具有缓冲结构的内撑式夹具的结构示意图。
图19是根据本申请的一些实施例所示的另一种夹具的结构示意图。
图20是图19中导向杆和导向套的连接示意图。
图21是根据本申请的一些实施例所示的另一种导向装置的结构示意图。
图22是根据本申请的一些实施例所示的另一种夹具的结构示意图。
图23是根据本申请的一些实施例所示的伸缩机构为弹簧和牵引件的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合附图及实施例，对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。
相反，本发明涵盖任何由权利要求定义的在本发明的精髓和范围上做的替代、修改、等效方法以及方案。进一步，为了使公众对本发明有更好的了解，在下文对本发明的细节描述中，详尽描述了一些特定的细节部分。对本领域技术人员来说没有这些细节部分的描述也可以完全理解本发明。
为了更清楚地说明本申请的实施例的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单的介绍。显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些示例或实施例，对于本领域的普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图将本申请应用于其他类似情景。应当理解，给出这些示例性实施例仅仅是为了使相关领域的技术人员能够更好地理解进而实现本发明，而并非以任何方式限制本发明的范围。除非从语言环境中显而易见或另做 说明，图中相同标号代表相同结构或操作。
如本申请和权利要求书中所示，除非上下文明确提示例外情形，“一”、“一个”、“一种”和/或“该”等词并非特指单数，也可包括复数。一般说来，术语“包括”与“包含”仅提示包括已明确标识的步骤和元素，而这些步骤和元素不构成一个排它性的罗列，方法或者设备也可能包含其他的步骤或元素。术语“基于”是“至少部分地基于”。术语“一个实施例”表示“至少一个实施例”；术语“另一实施例”表示“至少一个另外的实施例”。“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上。“至少一个”表示一个或一个以上。“第一”、“第二”、……等用于区分作用，并非表示数量。
本申请的一个方面提供了一种内撑式夹具100。该内撑式夹具可以包括第一弹性件2和支撑部件3。
在一些实施例中，第一弹性件2可以以包覆支撑部件3的全部外侧的方式密封设置在支撑部件3上。
示例性的，在支撑部件3上设置有卡合部31。在安装状态下，第一弹性件2的上、下端部可以分别卡合于卡合部31上，使得第一弹性件2可以以包覆支撑部件3的全部外侧的方式密封设置在支撑部件3上。例如，如图1所示，在支撑部件3的顶部和底部均设置有卡合部31。安装状态下，第一弹性件2套设在支撑部件3上。并且，第一弹性件2的上端安装在支撑部件3顶部的卡合部31上；第一弹性件2的下端安装在支撑部件3底部的卡合部31上。第一弹性件2的上端和下端可以分别通过粘接密封、压接密封、卡合密封、密封件密封等方式与支撑部件3的卡合部密封连接，使得第一弹性件2可以以包覆支撑部件3的全部外侧的形式套设在支撑部件3上并与支撑部件3密封连接。第一弹性件2完全包覆在支撑部件3的水平外侧，充气后(正气压状态)，内撑式夹具呈灯笼状、椭球状或者鼓状，如图6、图7所示，第一弹性件2可以水平360°与待夹取物体的内侧面接触，单个内撑式夹具即可以夹取物体。
在一些实施例中，第一弹性件2也可以以包覆支撑部件3的部分外侧的方式密封设置在支撑部件3上。
示例性的，在支撑部件3上设置有卡合部31。在安装状态下，第一弹性件2的上、下端部可以分别卡合于卡合部31上，使得第一弹性件2可以以包覆支撑部件3的部分外侧的方式密封设置在支撑部件3上。例如，如图2所示，在 支撑部件3的外侧中部和底部均设置有卡合部31。安装状态下，第一弹性件2套设在支撑部件3上。并且，第一弹性件2的上端安装在支撑部件3外侧中部的卡合部31上；第一弹性件2的下端安装在支撑部件3底部的卡合部31上。第一弹性件2的上端和下端可以分别通过粘接密封、压接密封、卡合密封、密封件密封等方式与支撑部件3的卡合部密封连接，使得第一弹性件2可以以包覆支撑部件3的部分外侧的形式套设在支撑部件3上并与支撑部件3密封连接。
在一些实施例中，第一弹性件2可以是以一体成型方式或者由弹性片以卷曲的方式形成的筒状弹性件。
通过将筒状弹性件以至少包覆支撑部件3的部分外侧的方式，即以包覆支撑部件3的部分或者全部外侧的方式密封设置在支撑部件3上，可以使得第一弹性件2与支撑部件3的外侧之间形成为类似气囊的结构。在安装或使用状态下，第一弹性件2与支撑部件3的外侧之间和充放气装置相连通，使得在第一弹性件2与支撑部件3的外侧之间能够充入气体使第一弹性件2向外膨胀和排出第一弹性件2与支撑部件3的外侧之间的气体使第一弹性件2收缩。当第一弹性件2处于在未充气或抽气状态时，本申请的内撑式夹具可以伸入待夹取物体200内，然后通过充放气装置向第一弹性件2与支撑部件3的外侧之间充入气体使第一弹性件2向外膨胀，直至第一弹性件2在待夹取物体200内部可以对其形成合适的夹持力，能够从内部对待夹取物体200进行夹取，如图4所示；完成夹取后，排出第一弹性件2与支撑部件3的外侧之间的气体，使第一弹性件2收缩，即可将本申请的内撑式夹具从待夹取物体200内取出。由于第一弹性件2与支撑部件3的外侧之间的气压可以根据需要进行设置和调整，从而可以调整内撑的力度，对于薄壁或易损工件也可以安全拾取。
在一些实施例中，第一弹性件2也可以直接采用气囊。
类似的，通过将气囊以包覆支撑部件3的部分或者全部外侧的方式密封设置在支撑部件3上，在安装或使用状态下，气囊和充放气装置相连通，使得气囊中能够充入气体使气囊向外膨胀和排出气囊中的气体使第一弹性件2收缩，从而能够从内部对待夹取物体200进行夹取。
在一些实施例中，安装状态下，第一弹性件2的腰部为内凹形状。
示例性的，如图3所示，在未充气或抽气时(负气压状态)，第一弹性件2呈松弛或收缩状态，此时第一弹性件2沿垂直方向(沿径向)呈现内凹形 状。在同等尺寸的情况下，内凹形状的设计可以增加第一弹性件2的表面积，以进一步提高第一弹性件2膨胀后所能延伸的范围。
在一些实施例中，第一弹性件2可以呈“共形”。示例性的，“共形”可以是指使第一弹性件2表面与物品表面更好的贴合的形状。例如，可以设计第一弹性件2内撑表面，使其与物体表面纹理契合；又例如，可以定制化设计第一弹性件2形状，与所抓物体外形一样，如图4所示。或者，通过设计第一弹性件2表面的特征或纹理，可以限制第一弹性件2膨胀的方向，并可以增大摩擦力，如图15所示。
在一些实施例中，第一弹性件2采用的是高弹性材料。高弹性材料的弹性非常好，依靠气体的压力即可实现高弹性材料制成的第一弹性件2的变形，并且高弹性材料制成的第一弹性件2变形速度快，适合工业中的应用。
示例性的，第一弹性件2的材质可以为硅胶。例如，热加硫型固态有机硅胶、氟硅胶、液体硅胶等等。硅胶具有高低温稳定性、硬度范围宽(10～80邵尔硬度)、耐化学品、密封性能佳、电气性质好、耐压缩变形等卓越性能，和常规有机弹性体相比，硅胶还特别容易加工制造，可以在能耗较低的情况下模压、压延、挤出，生产效率高。拉伸强度是指造成一块硅胶材料样品撕裂时每个范围单位上所需的力。热加硫型固态有机硅胶拉伸强度范围介于4.0～12.5MPa之间；氟硅胶拉伸强度范围介于8.7～12.1MPa之间；液体硅胶的拉伸强度范围介于3.6～11.0MPa之间。伸长率是指“极限破裂伸长”或者当样品断裂时相对于原长度的所增长的百分比。热加硫型固态硅胶一般的伸长率范围在90～1120％之间；氟硅胶一般的伸长率在159～699％之间；液体硅胶一般的伸长率在220～900％之间。不同的加工方法、固化剂和温度的选择都能很大程度地改变样品的伸长率。
通过将第一弹性件2的材质选择为硅胶，可以有效的解决现有技术中基于气囊的内撑式夹具的上述技术问题。例如，如图4所示，待夹取物体的内侧面为复杂轮廓时，由于硅胶可以产生极大形变的特性，并且可以与目标物体的内侧面有效贴合，因此不需要预先进行复杂的设计就可以实现夹取。由此可见，基于高弹性气囊的内撑式夹具，即可以适用于内轮廓复杂的待夹取物体，同时具有较强的通用性，生产成本低并且效率高，适合工业场景、生活场景的使用。
示例性的，第一弹性件2的材质也可以采用橡胶。例如，天然橡胶、丁苯橡胶、顺丁橡胶、异戊橡胶等。
示例性的，第一弹性件2的材质还可以采用热塑性弹性体或弹性复合材料。例如，第一弹性件2可以采用苯乙烯类TPE热塑性弹性体(如SBS、SEBS、SEPS、EPDM/苯乙烯、BR/苯乙烯、CI-IIR/苯乙烯、NP/苯乙烯等)、烯烃类TPE热塑性弹性体(如动态硫化型的TPO、)、二烯类TPE热塑性弹性体等。又例如，第一弹性件2可以采用POE弹性复合材料等。
在一些实施例中，在第一弹性件2的外壁和/或内壁上设置有增强结构9。
在一些实施例中，增强结构9可以包括形成在第一弹性件2上的加强筋。
示例性的，加强筋为条形凸起、波浪形凸起和锯齿状凸起中的至少一种。例如，如图1所示，加强筋可以是在第一弹性件2的外表面沿周向延伸一周并沿径向向外凸出形成的环状凸起结构。又例如，加强筋可以是在第一弹性件2的外表面沿轴向布置并沿径向向外凸出形成的加强筋结构。在一些实施例中，加强筋的数量可以为1条、2条、3条、4条、5条、6条、7条、8条、9条、10条、11条、12条或者更多。当加强筋的数量为多条时，多条加强筋可以均匀地设置在第一弹性件2的外表面。当加强筋的数量为多条时，多条加强筋也可以根据需要按不同的方式布置在第一弹性件2的外表面上。
通过在第一弹性件2的外表面上设置加强筋，一方面可增大第一弹性件2表面的摩擦系数，使得在使用过程中能够增大与待夹取物体的内侧面的摩擦力，从而使得本申请的内撑式夹具100能够更加稳固地对待夹取物体进行夹持；另一方面，加强筋可以对第一弹性件2起到加强作用，增加气囊的强度、局部刚度和寿命。另外，通过调整加强筋的数量、尺寸和/或布置方式也可以起到调节第一弹性件2膨胀状态下形状的作用。例如，当需要第一弹性件2整体一起向外膨胀时，可以在第一弹性件2外表面上均匀设置一条或多条加强筋，同时将加强筋的尺寸设置得较小，使得第一弹性件2可以在充气时可以整体一起向外膨胀。又例如，需要在第一弹性件2膨胀时形成多节不同长度和/或不同直径的膨胀部时，可以将多条加强筋按照需要的间隔长度进行布置，并且将加强筋的尺寸设置得较大，使得第一弹性件2膨胀时可以形成多节不同长度和/或不同直径的膨胀部(如图7、图15所示)，比如使得第一弹性件2膨胀时形成上部直径小、下部直径大的结构。
在一些实施例中，也可以在第一弹性件2的内表面上形成增强结构。第一弹性件2内表面上形成增强结构可以与第一弹性件2外表面上增强结构相配 合，对第一弹性件2起到加强作用，增加气囊的强度、局部刚度和寿命；另外，也可以调整第一弹性件2膨胀状态下的形状。
在一些实施例中，增强结构9可以包括形成在第一弹性件2上的粗糙面。
示例性的，粗糙面可以由设置在第一弹性件2上的多个纹路和/或微型凸点形成。例如，可以是以均匀或者不均匀地方式在第一弹性件2的表面上设置多个球冠状凸起和/或纹路，使得第一弹性件2的外壁和/或内壁表面形成为粗糙面。通过在第一弹性件2的表面设置为粗糙面，可以增大第一弹性件2表面的摩擦系数，使得在使用过程中能够增大与待夹取物体的内侧面的摩擦力，从而使得本申请的内撑式夹具100能够更加稳固地对待夹取物体进行夹持。
在一些实施例中，在第一弹性件2上还可以设置有耐磨层、防静电层、防油层和/或防痕层等。
示例性的，可以在第一弹性件2外表面增加其他材质(如通过喷涂、浸泡增加其他材质的薄膜)，从而可以实现耐磨、无痕、防油、防静电等功能。例如，可以采用耐磨涂料(如KN17高分子陶瓷聚合物涂料、KN7051碳化硅陶瓷涂料等)通过喷涂在第一弹性件2外表面上形成耐磨层。又例如，可以通过将浸泡防油剂(如全氟羧酸的铬络合物、丙烯酸氟烃酯类树脂、丙烯酸氟烃磺酰氨基乙酯等有机氟化合物)在第一弹性件2外表面上形成防油层。再例如，可以通过喷涂或浸泡防静电材料(如防静电碳系涂料、防静电金属系涂料、防静电金属氧化物系涂料、醇酸型、丙烯酸型、环氧型、聚氨酯型等防静电涂料)等方式在第一弹性件2外表面上形成防静电层；或者，可以在第一弹性件2外表面上设置金属氧化物系填充型防静电材料制成的防静电膜等。还例如，可以通过喷涂或浸泡防指纹涂层剂等在第一弹性件2外表面上形成防压痕层；或者，在第一弹性件2外表面上设置防压膜，从而防压痕层。
在一些实施例中，在支撑部件3上形成有用于与外部连接的连接结构32，如图1、图2、图3所示。
示例性的，连接结构32可以为螺纹连接结构或者卡合连接结构。例如，支撑部件3可以通过螺纹连接结构或者卡合连接结构以螺纹连接或卡合连接的方式直接与外部连接。又例如，支撑部件3可以通过螺纹连接结构或者卡合连接结构以螺纹连接或卡合连接的方式与连接部件4相连接，再通过连接部件4与外部连接。
在一些实施例中，在支撑部件3的中部形成有内凹部33。
示例性的，支撑部件3的中部可以以沿径向向内凹陷的形式形成内凹部33，如图1、图2、图3所示。使得支撑部件3可以呈腰部小、两端大的形状。即支撑部件3呈直径从中部分别向顶部和底部逐渐增大的形状。通过在支撑部件3的中部形成内凹部33，在第一弹性件2以至少包覆支撑部件3的部分外侧方式套设在支撑部件3上时，可以使得第一弹性件2与支撑部件3的外侧之间能够形成一内腔。从而使得第一弹性件2与支撑部件3的外侧之间可以形成为类似气囊的结构。另外，当内撑式夹具完成对待夹取物的夹取，期望脱离物品时，可能由于静电吸附等原因导致内撑式夹具中的第一弹性件2不能及时脱离。而通过在支撑部件3的中部形成内凹部33，充放气装置可以将第一弹性件2与内凹部33之间的气体全部或者部分抽出，使得第一弹性件2向内收缩凹陷，从而使第一弹性件2与完成夹取的物体分离。
在一些实施例中，在支撑部件3内设置有第一气道1，如图1、图2、图3、图5所示。
第一弹性件2与支撑部件3的外侧之间通过第一气道1和充放气装置相连通。或者，充放气装置可以通过第一气道1与气囊内相连通。
在一些实施例中，第一气道1可以包括主气道11和多个分气道12。第一弹性件2与支撑部件3的外侧之间或者气囊内通过多个分气道12与主气道11相连通。主气道11能够与充放气装置相连通。示例性的，主气道11设置支撑部件3内，一个端口连接充放气装置；分气道12设置在主气道11与内腔或气囊内部之间，每个分气道12的一个端口连接到主气道11，分气道12的另一个端口连接内腔。如图5所示，第一气道1包括一个主气道11和六个分气道12，每个分气道12的一个端口与主气道11连接，每个分气道12的另一个端口与内腔连接。通过分气道的多个端口，可以提高气囊内气体交换效率。
在一些实施例中，内撑式夹具还可以包括连接部件4。连接部件4可以用于内撑式夹具100的外部连接。
如图3、图7、图8、图10所示，连接部件4与支撑部件3相连接，使得支撑部件3和第一弹性件2可以通过连接部件4与外部连接。
示例性的，连接部件4可以包括用于与外部连接的上连接部44和用于与支撑部件3上的连接结构32相连接的下连接部45。
例如，如图10所示，上连接部44可以为螺纹连接部或卡合连接部。下连接部45也可以为螺纹连接部或卡合连接部。安装状态下，连接部件4可以通过下连接部45以螺纹连接或者卡合连接的方式与支撑部件3上的连接结构32相连接。在一些实施例中，连接部件4与支撑部件3之间可以是可拆卸的。通过将连接部件4与支撑部件3之间设置为可拆卸连接，可以在第一弹性件2、支撑部件3或连接部件4损坏时，更换掉损害的部件，而不必全部报废，从而节省使用的成本。当然，连接部件4与支撑部件3之间也可以是不可拆卸的，或者连接部件4与支撑部件3可以采用一体结构，使得连接部件4与支撑部件3结构更为稳定牢固。在一些实施例中，如图8、图10所示，连接部件4可以与支撑部件3的垂直外侧连接，这样的连接方式提高第一弹性件2与待夹取物体的内侧面的贴合面积，更便利于夹具的使用。在一些实施例中，如图3、图4所示，连接部件4也可以穿过第一弹性件2与支撑部件3水平侧连接，充气时连接部件4穿过的气囊(内侧的气囊)自由膨胀，外侧的气囊与待夹取物体的内侧面接触。
在一些实施例中，连接部件4还包括压接部46。
示例性的，压接部46为以沿径向向外凸出的方式形成在上连接部44和下连接部45之间的突出部。如图10所示，在安装状态下，压接部46能够将第一弹性件2压紧在支撑部件3上，以保证第一弹性件2与支撑部件3之间的密封性。在一些实施例中，还可以在第一弹性件2与支撑部件3的卡合部之间设置密封圈或密封垫等，以进一步保障第一弹性件2与支撑部件3之间的密封性。
在一些实施例中，在连接部件4内设置有第二气道。
第一弹性件2与支撑部件3的外侧之间或者气囊内部能够通过第二气道和充放气装置相连通。示例性的，如图3、图10所示，在安装状态下，第二气道能够与支撑部件3内设置的第一气道1连通，从而使得第一弹性件2与支撑部件3的外侧之间或者气囊内部能够和充放气装置相连通。
在一些实施例中，为了进一步保证内撑式夹具的密封性，尤其是防止气囊漏气而产生不期望的变形，如图1、图3、图10所示，内撑式夹具还包括密封部件5。
密封部件5可以采用静密封或者动密封。静密封的密封部件主要有密封垫、密封胶以及其他直接接触密封。动密封的密封部件可以是旋转式密封部件和往复式密封部件。如果按密封部件与其作相对运动的零部件是否接触，密封部件 又可分为接触式和非接触式；按密封件和接触位置又可分为圆周密封和端面密封，端面密封又称为机械密封。一般而言，考虑到部件的安装拆卸难易程度，本申请实施方式中的密封部件主要采用端面密封的密封部件。可以根据第一弹性件2与支撑部件3的内侧接触形状，设计相应的密封部件5，例如环形、凹凸形等等，此时密封部件5的外表面与第一弹性件2和支撑部件3的重合内壁密封连接。密封部件5也可以设置在第一弹性件2和/或支撑部件3的外侧，例如使用密封垫、密封胶与第一弹性件2和/或支撑部件3的外侧密封连接。密封部件5还可以是密封压块51，如图3所示，此时密封压块51的内壁与第一弹性件2和支撑部件3的外壁密封连接。示例性的，密封压块51包括上密封压块和/或下密封压块，上密封压块可以设置在第一弹性件2上端与支撑部件3顶部的连接处，下密封压块可以设置在第一弹性件2下端与支撑部件3底部的连接处。相较于其他密封部件，密封压块安装拆卸更加简单、方便，更适合工业使用。例如，如图1、图3所示，密封压块51可以通过紧固螺钉8连接在支撑部件3上，并且密封压块51的内壁与第一弹性件2和支撑部件3的外壁密封连接。在一些实施例中，如图12所示，密封部件5还可以包括密封子部件52。密封子部件52可以是密封螺钉，密封子部件52可以将内撑式夹具的上下两个密封件连接到一起，向中间弹性第一弹性件2的边缘作进一步的挤压，实现物理连接和气密。示例性的，密封子部件52可以是图12所示的长螺钉，也可以是短螺钉，此时密封子部件52将密封部件5与支撑部件3作进一步的连接，同时向中间弹性第一弹性件2的边缘挤压，实现物理连接和气密，本申请的实施方式不作限制。
在一些实施例中，内撑式夹具还包括供气接口6。
第一弹性件2与支撑部件3的外侧之间或者气囊内部能够通过供气接口6和充放气装置相连通。
示例性的，供气接口6可以直接设置在第一弹性件2上。供气接口6一端与第一弹性件2内部连通，另一端可以与充放气装置连通，使得第一弹性件2内部能够与充放气装置连通，从而能够在充放气装置供气时膨胀，在放气或抽气时恢复或收缩。
示例性的，供气接口6也可以设置在连接部件4或支撑部件3上。如图3所示，连接部件4和/或支撑部件3上的气道与供气接口6的一端相连通，供气接口6的另一端与充放气装置相连通，使得第一弹性件2能够与充放气装置连 通，从而能够在充放气装置供气时膨胀，在放气或抽气时恢复或收缩。
在一些实施例中，充放气装置可以是电动充放气装置、循环充放气装置、抽放气装置、气体发生器或储气罐等装置。
供气接口6的一个端口与连接部件4和/或支撑部件3上的气道的一个端口连接，供气接口6的另一端口与充放气装置连接。例如，储气罐可以通过诸如电磁阀等具有充气、排气功能的装置或接头与供气接口6连接。例如，气体发生器以通过诸如电磁阀等具有充气、排气功能的装置或接头与供气接口6连接；气体发生器也可以设置于第一弹性件2内。通过充放气装置(未画出)这一气动系统可以控制第一弹性件2的气压状态，精确控制第一弹性件2的膨胀大小。
在一些实施例中，上述实施例中的内撑式夹具可以单独使用，也可以组合使用。
示例性的，在连接部件4上设置有螺纹连接部或卡扣连接部，使得连接部件4可以通过螺纹连接或者卡扣连接的方式与外部进行连接。连接部件4可以包括上连接部件和/或下连接部件，对于一个内撑式夹具，可以包括一个上连接部件，或者一个下连接部件，还可以包括上连接部件和下连接部件，这取决于实际使用场景中的外部连接需求。这样的内撑式夹具可以单独使用，也可以组合使用。在一些实施方式中，可以通过内撑式夹具的连接部件4连接另一个夹具。
如图11、图12所示，多个内撑式夹具通过连接部件4串联使用，作为一个整体夹具，基于连接部件4的串联使用安装拆卸方便，可以拼接成实际使用场景中需要的长度。图11是多个内撑式夹具“串联”使用的主视图，图12是图11的剖视图。这里，连接部件4具体包括转接安装件41和转接连接件42，转接安装件41用于整体夹具与其他的连接转，转接连接件42用于连接两个内撑式夹具。可选的，连接部件4还可以包括转接螺钉43。如图12所示，转接螺钉43是长螺钉，将一个内撑式夹具连接到上一个内撑式夹具或者转接安装件。这里的转接螺钉43可以是短螺钉，仅仅将两个内撑式夹具的支撑部件3物理接连。多个内撑式夹具的主气道延伸穿过连接部件4相连接，此时通过一个供气接口6即可完成对于所有内撑式夹具的气动控制。可选的，在主气道与其他部件的连接处增加密封圈53等密封部件5，进一步保证内撑式夹具的密封性。
由于第一弹性件2是基于气压变化而产生变形，对于一个内撑式夹具而言，第一弹性件2内的压力处处相同，第一弹性件2对于待夹取物体的内侧面压 力也是处处相同，如果此时待夹取物体的垂直方向上厚度不一，使用这样的整体式夹具也可能对待夹取物体造成破坏。因此，多个内撑式夹具串联组成的整体夹具还可以包括气道控制部件，用于控制多个内撑式夹具的气道的连通。气道控制部件可以设置在图12所示的转接连接件42内(未画出)，例如气阀，从而实现对各个内撑式夹具抽气或充气的单独控制。当然，为了实现多个内撑式夹具抽气或充气的单独控制，可以将具有供气接口6的多个内撑式夹具直接通过连接部件4连接，此时气道控制部件可以设置在供气接口与充放气装置之间，通过控制各个气道控制部件从而控制对应的内撑式夹具抽气或充气。
在一些实施例中，如图13、图14所示，内撑式夹具还包括支架7，支架7与连接部件4连接，用连接另一个夹具。相较于前一种组合方式，包括支架的组合方式可以看作多个夹具的“并联”使用。此时每一个内撑式夹具的气囊只需要部分包覆支撑部件的水平外侧，通过支架和多个夹具的选择组合成匹配实际使用需要的整体式夹具，整体式夹具与待夹取物体的内侧面形成多个接触点或接触面。如图13、图14所示，通过支架7连接三个内撑式夹具，组合成的整体式夹具可以与待夹取物体的内侧面形成三个接触面。图13是内撑式夹具组合使用收缩时的主视图，图14是图13所示的内撑式夹具组合使用膨胀时的主视图。对于内部尺寸较大的待夹取物体，并联使用的组合方式不需要对于单个内撑式夹具进行复杂设计，而是借助于灵活多变的支架，组合成合适的整体式夹具。进一步的，支架具有尺度调节功能，例如通过支架连接臂的长度变化调整支架的大小。
在一些实施例中，可以将多个内撑式夹具的气道连通，例如多个内撑式夹具的主气道直接连接，或者多个内撑式夹具的供气接口直接连接，此时使用一个充放气装置即可完成对于多个内撑式夹具的抽气或充气。而对于气道连通的多个内撑式夹具组合成的整体式夹具，还可以包括气道控制部件，用于控制多个内撑式夹具的气道的连通。气孔控制部件可以设置在多个内撑式夹具的气道连接处，也可以设置在多个内撑式夹具的供气接口连接处。
对于上文提及的多个夹具组合成整体式夹具，单个的独立夹具可以是同类型的夹具，也可以是不同类型的夹具，可以包括内撑式夹具和外撑式夹具。而单个的独立夹具还可以是一个独立的组合夹具，本申请实施例不作限制。例如，可以加一个“串联式”的独立的整体夹具与一个“并联式”的独立的整体夹具组合使用。本申请实施方式的第一弹性件2、支撑部件3、连接部件4和支架7的 尺寸可以根据不同的待夹取物体而选择不同的规格和组合。
在一些实施例中，内撑式夹具还可以包括伸缩机构10，如图15、图16所示。
支撑部件3可以直接或者通过连接部件4等连接在伸缩机构10上。使得第一弹性件2能够随伸缩机构10的伸缩而移动。例如，如图15、图16所示，连接部件4可以通过螺纹连接结构连接在伸缩机构10的伸缩端，使得第一弹性件2能够随伸缩机构的伸缩而移动。
示例性的，伸缩机构10可以是伸缩杆，例如电动伸缩杆、液压伸缩杆、气动伸缩杆等等。
示例性的，伸缩机构10可以包括弹簧101和牵引件102(例如牵引线、牵引绳或牵引杆等)。支撑部件3直接或者通过连接部件4与弹簧101和牵引件102相连接，并且牵引件102与带动支撑部件3上下移动，使得支撑部件3在牵引件102的牵引下能够随弹簧101的伸缩而伸缩，如图23所示。
在一些实施例中，连接部件4可以形成为伸缩机构10的一部分。示例性的，连接部件4可以是伸缩机构的伸缩端上的一部分。例如，连接部件4可以是伸缩杆的伸缩端的一部分。
通过将内撑式夹具设置为可伸缩的形式，能够实现特殊场景下的物品夹取。例如，当待夹取物密集堆放且部分物品低于其周围物品的高度时(例如密集堆放的瓶装物体)，由于没有足够多的空间，不适合通过夹具从外部直接抓取，又因为中间部分物品高度较低，采用内撑式夹具批量夹取时无法抓取到中间部分，而通过设置伸缩机构10，使内撑式夹具可以伸缩，从而在上述情况下完成对密集堆放物体的批量夹取。
在一些实施例中，内撑式夹具还可以包括缓冲结构20。
支撑部件3直接或者通过连接部件4等连接在缓冲结构20上。例如，如图17、所示，连接部件4直接连接在缓冲结构20上。缓冲结构20也可以通过伸缩机构10与连接部件4相连接。缓冲结构20可以与伸缩机构10为一体式结构，如图18所示。例如，连接部件4连接在伸缩机构的一端，伸缩机构的另一端与缓冲结构20相连接。
当夹具受到外力作用时，缓冲结构20可以起到缓冲作用，以保护夹具和待夹取物。例如，在内撑式夹具伸入待夹取物中时，定位不准导致第一弹性件2 与待夹取物发生碰撞，此时缓冲结构20可以起到缓冲作用，以保护夹具和待夹取物。
示例性的，缓冲结构20可以是缓冲器、缓冲垫、缓冲片或缓冲弹簧等。缓冲器还可以是可以自动调整的缓冲器，当第一弹性件2与待夹取物发生碰撞受力超过预设的阈值时，缓冲器可以自动收缩。示例性的，缓冲结构20包括伸缩机构、压力传感器和控制器；伸缩机构和压力传感器与控制器相连接，支撑部件3连接在伸缩机构上，压力传感器设置于支撑部件3与伸缩机构的连接处。伸缩机构可以是电动伸缩杆、液压伸缩杆、气动伸缩杆等等。当第一弹性件2与待夹取物发生碰撞受力超过预设的阈值时，伸缩机构自动收缩。
示例性的，缓冲结构20还可以是缓冲件。例如，弹垫、弹片、弹簧等。
在一些情况下(如批量夹取)，若内撑式夹具没有准确的伸入待夹取物品中，则有可能会对物品造成损害。通过设置缓冲结构20(如弹簧，也可以是其他合理结构如伸缩杆等)，可以使内撑式夹具被动收缩，在触碰到物品时便可以缩回，从而减小对物品的可能损害。另外，在批量夹取物体(如矩阵式夹取工件)时，偶尔会有工件导向导不进去的情况。比如有60个零件，可能有59个可以将夹具伸进去，但是有1个伸不进去。这样的话，通过该缓冲结构，可以将伸进去的59个取走，并且不会破坏伸不进去的那个工件。此外，通过设置缓冲结构20还可以保护第一弹性件2。具体的，在第一弹性件2伸入到待夹取物体中时，如果定位不准或者插入过多会使得第一弹性件2遇到比较大的阻力，这个阻力没有缓冲的话，就会形成为破坏力，增加第一弹性件2的摩擦导致损坏第一弹性件2。
为使得本申请能够更加的明显和易懂，下面将结合附图列举一些具体的实施例。显然地，以下所描述的具体实施例仅仅是本申请一个或一部分实施例，而非全部实施例。
本实施例的一种内撑式夹具可以包括：气道、气囊、支撑部件3、连接部件4、密封部件5、供气接口6、支架7和伸缩机构10。
气囊至少包覆支撑部件3的部分外侧，并与支撑部件3形成内腔。气道的至少一个端口穿过支撑部件3与内腔连接。连接部件4与支撑部件3连接，用于内撑式夹具的外部连接。气道可以由形成在支撑部件3内的第一气道1和形成在连接部件4内的第二气道构成。
第一弹性件2为由硅胶制成的气囊。现有技术中基于气囊的内撑式夹具， 气囊的材质多为橡胶，橡胶的弹性较差，为了使气囊变形进而贴近待夹取物体的表面，一般采用的是气缸原理。即在气囊的密封空腔内充入气体等，使腔体内的压力高于腔体外大气压的几倍或者几十倍，利用活塞杆的横截面积小于活塞的横截面积从而产生的压力差来实现活塞杆的运动；活塞杆运动挤压气囊，使整个夹具在垂直方向运动，进而使气囊在水平方向产生变形。这样的内撑式夹具，气囊变形速度较慢、可变形程度低，对于内部轮廓复杂和内壁较薄的物体皆不适用。本实施例中，通过将气囊的材质选择为硅胶，可以有效的解决现有技术中基于气囊的内撑式夹具的上述技术问题。例如，如图4所示，待夹取物体的内侧面为复杂轮廓时，由于硅胶可以产生极大形变的特性，并且可以与目标物体的内侧面有效贴合，因此不需要预先进行复杂的设计就可以实现夹取。由此可见，基于高弹性气囊的内撑式夹具，即可以适用于内轮廓复杂的待夹取物体，同时具有较强的通用性，生产成本低并且效率高，适合工业场景、生活场景的使用。
密封部件5可以采用静密封或者动密封。静密封的密封部件主要有密封垫、密封胶以及其他直接接触密封。动密封的密封部件可以是旋转式密封部件和往复式密封部件。如果按密封部件与其作相对运动的零部件是否接触，密封部件又可分为接触式和非接触式；按密封件和接触位置又可分为圆周密封和端面密封，端面密封又称为机械密封。一般而言，考虑到部件的安装拆卸难易程度，本申请实施方式中的密封部件主要采用端面密封的密封部件。可以根据气囊与支撑部件3的内侧接触形状，设计相应的密封部件5，例如环形、凹凸形等等，此时密封部件5的外表面与气囊和支撑部件3的重合内壁密封连接。密封部件5也可以设置在气囊和/或支撑部件3的外侧，例如使用密封垫、密封胶与气囊和/或支撑部件3的外侧密封连接。密封部件5还可以是密封压块51，如图3所示，此时密封压块51的内壁与气囊和支撑部件3的外壁密封连接。示例性的，密封压块51包括上密封压块和/或下密封压块，上密封压块可以设置在气囊上端与支撑部件3顶部的连接处，下密封压块可以设置在气囊下端与支撑部件3底部的连接处。相较于其他密封部件，密封压块安装拆卸更加简单、方便，更适合工业使用。例如，如图1、图3所示，密封压块51可以通过紧固螺钉8连接在支撑部件3上，并且密封压块51的内壁与气囊和支撑部件3的外壁密封连接。在一些实施例中，如图12所示，密封部件5还可以包括密封子部件52。密封子部件52可以是密封螺钉，密封子部件52可以将内撑式夹具的上下两个密封件连接到一起，向中 间弹性气囊的边缘作进一步的挤压，实现物理连接和气密。示例性的，密封子部件52可以是图12所示的长螺钉，也可以是短螺钉，此时密封子部件52将密封部件5与支撑部件3作进一步的连接，同时向中间弹性气囊的边缘挤压，实现物理连接和气密。
在安装状态下，气囊的腰部可以为内凹形状，如图3所示，在未充气或抽气时(负气压状态)，气囊呈松弛或收缩状态，此时气囊沿垂直方向(沿径向)呈现内凹形状。在同等尺寸的情况下，内凹形状的设计可以增加气囊的表面积，以进一步提高气囊膨胀后所能延伸的范围。
在安装状态下，气囊外部整体可以呈“共形”。“共形”可以是指使气囊表面与物品表面更好的贴合的形状。例如，可以设计气囊内撑表面，使其与物体表面纹理契合；又例如，可以定制化设计气囊形状，与所抓物体外形一样，如图4所示。或者，通过设计气囊表面的特征或纹理，可以限制气囊膨胀的方向，并可以增大摩擦力，如图15所示。
供气接口6的一个端口与气道的一个端口连接，供气接口6的另一端口与抽放气装置连接。通过抽放气装置(未画出)这一气动系统可以控制气囊的气压状态，精确控制气囊的膨胀大小。可选的，气道包括主气道11和多个分气道12，主气道11设置支撑部件3内，一个端口连接抽放气装置；分气道12设置在主气道11与内腔之间，每个分气道12的一个端口连接到主气道11，分气道12的另一个端口连接内腔。如图5所示，气道包括一个主气道11和六个分气道12，每个分气道12的一个端口与主气道11连接，每个分气道12的另一个端口与内腔连接。通过分气道的多个端口，可以提高气囊内气体交换效率。
气囊完全包覆在支撑部件3的水平外侧。例如，如图1所示，在支撑部件3的顶部和底部均设置有卡合部31。安装状态下，气囊套设在支撑部件3上。并且，气囊的上端安装在支撑部件3顶部的卡合部31上；气囊的下端安装在支撑部件3底部的卡合部31上。气囊的上端和下端可以分别通过粘接密封、压接密封、卡合密封、密封件密封等方式与支撑部件3的卡合部密封连接，使得气囊可以以包覆支撑部件3的全部外侧的形式套设在支撑部件3上并与支撑部件3密封连接。充气后(正气压状态)，内撑式夹具呈灯笼状，气囊可以水平360°与待夹取物体的内侧面接触，单个内撑式夹具即可以夹取物体。此时，连接部件4可以穿过气囊与支撑部件3水平侧连接，充气时连接部件4穿过的气囊(内侧 的气囊)自由膨胀，外侧的气囊与待夹取物体的内侧面接触。连接部件4还可以与支撑部件3的垂直外侧连接，这样的连接方式提高气囊与待夹取物体的内侧面的贴合面积，更便利于夹具的使用。如图6、图7所示，可选的，连接部件4可以包括上连接部件和/或下连接部件，对于一个内撑式夹具，可以包括一个上连接部件，或者一个下连接部件，还可以包括上连接部件和下连接部件，这取决于实际使用场景中的外部连接需求。这样的内撑式夹具可以单独使用，也可以组合使用。
可选地，可以通过内撑式夹具的连接部件4连接另一个夹具。如图11所示，多个内撑式夹具通过连接部件4串联使用，作为一个整体夹具，基于连接部件4的串联使用安装拆卸方便，可以拼接成实际使用场景中需要的长度。这里，连接部件4具体包括转接安装件41和转接连接件42，转接安装件41用于整体夹具与其他的连接转，接连接件43用于连接两个内撑式夹具。可选的，连接部件4还可以包括转接螺钉43。如图12所示，转接螺钉43是长螺钉，将一个内撑式夹具连接到上一个内撑式夹具或者转接安装件。这里的转接螺钉43可以是短螺钉，仅仅将两个内撑式夹具的支撑部件3物理接连。多个内撑式夹具的主气道11延伸穿过连接部件4相连接，此时通过一个供气接口6即可完成对于所有内撑式夹具的气动控制。可选的，在主气道11与其他部件的连接处增加密封圈53等密封部件5，进一步保证内撑式夹具的密封性。由于气囊是基于气压变化而产生变形，对于一个内撑式夹具而言，气囊内的压力处处相同，气囊对于待夹取物体的内侧面压力也是处处相同，如果此时待夹取物体的垂直方向上厚度不一，使用这样的整体式夹具也可能对待夹取物体造成破坏。因此，多个内撑式夹具串联组成的整体夹具还可以包括气道控制部件，用于控制多个内撑式夹具的气道的连通。气道控制部件可以设置在图12所示的转接连接件42内(未画出)，例如气阀，从而实现对各个内撑式夹具抽气或充气的单独控制。当然，为了实现多个内撑式夹具抽气或充气的单独控制，可以将具有供气接口6的多个内撑式夹具直接通过连接部件4连接，此时气道控制部件可以设置在供气接口与抽放气装置之间，通过控制各个气道控制部件从而控制对应的内撑式夹具抽气或充气。
可选地，内撑式夹具还包括支架7，支架7与连接部件4连接，用连接另一个夹具。相较于前一种组合方式，包括支架的组合方式可以看作多个夹具的“并联”使用。此时每一个内撑式夹具的气囊只需要部分包覆支撑部件的水平外 侧，通过支架和多个夹具的选择组合成匹配实际使用需要的整体式夹具，整体式夹具与待夹取物体的内侧面形成多个接触点或接触面。如图13、图14所示，通过支架7连接三个内撑式夹具，组合成的整体式夹具可以与待夹取物体的内侧面形成三个接触面。对于内部尺寸较大的待夹取物体，并联使用的组合方式不需要对于单个内撑式夹具进行复杂设计，而是借助于灵活多变的支架，组合成合适的整体式夹具。进一步的，支架具有尺度调节功能，例如通过支架连接臂的长度变化调整支架的大小。
进一步的，可以将多个内撑式夹具的气道连通，例如多个内撑式夹具的主气道直接连接，或者多个内撑式夹具的供气接口直接连接，此时使用一个抽充气装置即可完成对于多个内撑式夹具的抽气或充气。而对于气道连通的多个内撑式夹具组合成的整体式夹具，还可以包括气道控制部件，用于控制多个内撑式夹具的气道的连通。气孔控制部件可以设置在多个内撑式夹具的气道连接处，也可以设置在多个内撑式夹具的供气接口连接处。
对于上文提及的多个夹具组合成整体式夹具，单个的独立夹具可以是同类型的夹具，也可以是不同类型的夹具，可以包括内撑式夹具和外撑式夹具。而单个的独立夹具还可以是一个独立的组合夹具，本发明实施例不作限制。例如，可以加一个“串联式”的独立的整体夹具与一个“并联式”的独立的整体夹具组合使用。
本发明实施方式的气囊、支撑部件3、连接部件4和支架7的尺寸可以根据不同的待夹取物体而选择不同的规格和组合。
可选地，在气囊的外壁上设置有多个由沿气囊周向布置的环状凸起结构形成的加强筋，使得在气囊的外壁上可以形成加强结构9，如图1、2、10所示。通过在气囊的外表面上设置加强筋，一方面可增大气囊表面的摩擦系数，使得在使用过程中能够增大与待夹取物体的内侧面的摩擦力，从而使得本申请的内撑式夹具100能够更加稳固地对待夹取物体进行夹持；另一方面，加强筋可以对气囊起到加强作用，增加气囊的强度、局部刚度和寿命。另外，通过调整加强筋的数量、尺寸和/或布置方式也可以起到调节气囊膨胀状态下形状的作用。
可选地，在气囊的外壁上还设置有耐磨层、防静电层、防油层和/或防痕层等。从而可以实现耐磨、防静电、防油和/或无痕等功能。
可选地，支撑部件3可以通过螺纹连接结构或者卡合连接结构以螺纹连 接或卡合连接的方式直接或通过连接部件4与外部连接。支撑部件3的中部可以以沿径向向内凹陷的形式形成内凹部33，如图1、图2、图3所示。
可选地，连接部件4可以包括用于与外部连接的上连接部44和用于与支撑部件3上的连接结构32相连接的下连接部45。如图10所示，上连接部44可以为螺纹连接部或卡合连接部。下连接部45也可以为螺纹连接部或卡合连接部。安装状态下，连接部件4可以通过下连接部45以螺纹连接或者卡合连接的方式与支撑部件3上的连接结构32相连接。
优选地，连接部件4还包括压接部46。压接部46为以沿径向向外凸出的方式形成在上连接部44和下连接部45之间的突出部。如图10所示，在安装状态下，压接部46能够将气囊压紧在支撑部件3上，以保证气囊与支撑部件3之间的密封性。还可以在气囊与支撑部件3的卡合部之间设置密封圈或密封垫等，以进一步保障气囊与支撑部件3之间的密封性。
优选地，支撑部件3可以直接或者通过连接部件4等连接在伸缩机构10上，使得气囊能够随伸缩机构10的伸缩而移动。例如，如图15、图16所示，连接部件4可以通过螺纹连接结构连接在伸缩机构10的伸缩端，使得气囊能够随伸缩机构的伸缩而移动。伸缩机构10可以是伸缩杆，例如电动伸缩杆、液压伸缩杆、气动伸缩杆等等。通过将内撑式夹具设置为可伸缩的形式，能够实现特殊场景下的物品夹取。例如，当待夹取物密集堆放且部分物品低于其周围物品的高度时(例如密集堆放的瓶装物体)，由于没有足够多的空间，不适合通过夹具从外部直接抓取，又因为中间部分物品高度较低，采用内撑式夹具批量夹取时无法抓取到中间部分，而通过设置伸缩机构10，使内撑式夹具可以伸缩，从而在上述情况下完成对密集堆放物体的批量夹取。
本实施例中，伸缩机构10可以由缓冲结构20替换。支撑部件3直接或者通过连接部件4等连接在缓冲结构20上。例如，如图17、所示，连接部件4直接连接在缓冲结构20上。当夹具受到外力作用时，缓冲结构20可以起到缓冲作用，以保护夹具和待夹取物。例如，在内撑式夹具伸入待夹取物中时，定位不准导致气囊与待夹取物发生碰撞，此时缓冲结构20可以起到缓冲作用，以保护夹具和待夹取物。缓冲结构20可以是缓冲器、缓冲垫、缓冲片或缓冲弹簧等。在一些情况下(如批量夹取)，若内撑式夹具没有准确的伸入待夹取物品中，则有可能会对物品造成损害。通过设置缓冲结构20(如弹簧，也可以是其他合理结 构如伸缩杆等)，可以使内撑式夹具被动收缩，在触碰到物品时便可以缩回，从而减小对物品的可能损害。另外，在批量夹取物体(如矩阵式夹取工件)时，偶尔会有工件导向导不进去的情况。比如有60个零件，可能有59个可以将夹具伸进去，但是有1个伸不进去。这样的话，通过该缓冲结构，可以将伸进去的59个取走，并且不会破坏伸不进去的那个工件。此外，通过设置缓冲结构20还可以保护气囊。具体的，在气囊伸入到待夹取物体中时，如果定位不准或者插入过多会使得气囊遇到比较大的阻力，这个阻力没有缓冲的话，就会形成为破坏力，增加气囊的摩擦导致损坏气囊。
本实施例中，也可以同时设置有伸缩机构10和缓冲结构20。缓冲结构20也可以通过伸缩机构10与连接部件4相连接，如图18所示。例如，连接部件4连接在伸缩机构10的一端，伸缩机构10的另一端与缓冲结构20相连接。优选地，伸缩机构10和缓冲结构20可以为一体式结构。
上述具体实施例中，支架7、增强结构9、伸缩机构10和缓冲结构20均为可选的，在实际制造或使用过程中，可以根据需要进行选择。
本申请的另一个方面提供了一种夹具。该夹具包括如上任意一项的内撑式夹具100以及辅助外夹具40。
在一些实施例中，辅助外夹具40可以为柔性夹爪。柔性夹爪可以与内撑式夹具100同轴设置，并且柔性夹爪与内撑式夹具100能够相对伸缩移动，使得在使用状态下，柔性夹爪能够从外部对待夹取物体200进行夹取。
在一些实施例中，辅助外夹具40还可以为环状气囊夹具、液压夹爪、气动夹爪或者电动夹爪等。这些辅助外夹具40可以与内撑式夹具100配合，从外部对待夹取物体200进行夹取。
通过设置辅助外夹具40可以从内外同时对待夹取物进行夹持，即使一个失效或滑脱，另一个也可以完成夹取；另外，通过从内外同时对待夹取物进行夹持，可以使得夹持力分布更为均匀，减少局部受力过大造成对待夹取物的损坏。另外，通过设置辅助外夹具40能够实现特殊场景下的物品夹取。例如，夹取一些难以通过外抓式夹具直接夹取的物品，此时可以先通过内撑式夹具将物品略微上提，再利用辅助外夹具40对物品进行夹取。示例性的，密集堆放的瓶装物体，没有足够多的空间，不适合外夹具直接抓取，又因为内撑式夹具不适合高速搬运，通过辅助外夹具40与内撑式夹具相结合，先用内撑式夹具伸入待夹取物体中， 把物体提升一定高度后，再由辅助外夹具40夹取物品进行搬运。
本申请的再一个方面还提供了另一种夹具。该夹具包括如上任意一项的内撑式夹具100以及导向装置30。
在一些实施例中，导向装置30可以可拆卸地设置于内撑式夹具100上。示例性的，导向装置30呈子弹头状、锥型结构或喇叭状结构，其可以通过螺纹连接或卡合连接的方式可拆卸地设置于内撑式夹具100的伸入端。例如，如图21所示，导向装置30呈子弹头状，其通过螺纹连接或卡合连接的方式可拆卸地设置于内撑式夹具100的前端。由于夹具在伸入或套取物品时，有可能因为没有对准而无法准确夹取，甚至会对物品造成损害。通过在内撑式夹具100的伸入端(头部)安装类似于子弹头(或喇叭口)的导向装置，可以有助于夹具的对准，使得对被夹取物位置的容错性更高。示例性的，导向装置30可以采用硅胶、橡胶等弹性材料或柔性材料制成。示例性的，导向装置30可以是空心或实心结构。进一步的，还可以将导向装置30的表面上设置为光滑面，以减小其与待夹取物接触时的摩擦力，从而减小导向装置30与待夹取物接触时对其可能造成的损害，同时可以使导向装置30与待夹取物发生接触时，内撑式夹具100也能够较为更容易地插入待夹取物中。
在一些实施例中，如图19所示，内撑式夹具100设置于导向装置30上。
示例性的，如图19所示，导向装置30可以包括导向杆301和导向套302。支撑部件3或连接部件4连接在导向杆301上，使得第一弹性件2可以随导向杆的伸缩而移动。导向套302套设在导向杆301上，使得导向杆301能够沿导向套302所限定的方向伸缩移动。在一些实施例中，如图19、图20所示，在导向杆301上沿轴向设置有限位槽303，在导向套302内设置有限位凸起304，安装状态下，限位凸起304卡合在限位槽303内，以防止导向杆301在导向套302内转动，使得导向杆301只能沿导向套302所限定的方向伸缩移动。在一些实施例中，如图15所示，导向杆301和导向套302可以是伸缩机构10的一部分。例如，导向套302可以是伸缩杆的第一套管，导向杆301可以是伸缩杆中一端插入在第一套管中的第二套管。在一些实施例中，导向杆301和导向套302也可以是缓冲结构20的一部分。例如，导向套302可以是缓冲器中的套管，导向杆301可以是缓冲器中的伸缩杆或活塞杆。
需要说明的是，上述导向装置的结构只是示例性的，实际应用可以针对 不同的物品采用不同的导向装置。
在一些实施例中，该夹具还包括辅助外夹具40。辅助外夹具40与前述内容相同或相似，故在此不再赘述。
本申请的再一个方面还提供了另一种夹具。该夹具包括如上任意一项的内撑式夹具100以及辅助脱离装置50。
当内撑式或外夹式夹具期望脱离物品时，可能由于静电吸附等原因导致不能及时脱离，通过在内撑式夹具外部设置辅助脱离装置50，当需要脱离时，利用辅助脱离装置50可以辅助物品脱离。
在一些实施例中，辅助脱离装置50可以为喷气结构，如图22所示。喷气结构设置于内撑式夹具100上。并且在使用状态下，喷气结构与充放气装置相连接。例如，喷气结构可以是设置内撑式夹具100外部的喷气喷头，安装或使用状态下，喷气喷头与充放气装置相连接。具体的，如图22所示，喷气结构可以为呈环状结构的喷头，在喷头上设置有呈环形分别的喷气孔501。安装状态下，喷头可以连接在连接部件4上，并且呈环状结构的喷头与内撑式夹具100同轴设置，使得呈环形分别的喷气孔501朝向第一弹性件的外表面。当物品吸起来后，气囊收缩，但是物品不下落，可以通过喷气喷头向正中间位置和/或侧面位置吹气，给物品一个干扰，从而使物品脱落。又例如，喷气结构可以是形成在第一弹性件上的气道，使用状态下，气道与充放气装置相连接，当物品吸起来后，气囊收缩，但是物品不下落，可以通过气道顺着第一弹性件向下或向上吹气，从而使物品脱落。通过在内撑式夹具上设置喷气结构，当需要脱离时，利用喷气结构往物品与夹具的吸附处喷气，从而辅助物品脱离。
在一些实施例中，辅助脱离装置50可以为可伸缩推杆，可伸缩推杆设置于内撑式夹具100上。例如，可伸缩推杆可以是气动伸缩杆，其可以安装在内撑式夹具100或者与内撑式夹具100形成为一体式结构，当物品吸起来后，气囊收缩，但是物品不下落，可以通过将可伸缩推杆伸出，触碰物品，从而使其脱落。
在一些实施例中，辅助脱离装置50可以为振动装置。内撑式夹具100设置于振动装置上。例如，可以将一个微型振动装置安装在内撑式夹具100上，当物品吸起来后，气囊收缩，但是物品不下落，可以通过微型振动装置使内撑式夹具100振动或抖动一下，从而使物品脱落。示例性的，振动装置可以是现有手机中的手机振动器或类似的机构或装置。
本申请实施例可能带来的有益效果包括但不限于：
本申请的内撑式夹具体积小、质量轻，结构简单、造价低廉且由于硅胶气囊的柔软性质，可以在一定范围内夹取不同尺寸和类似形状的物体，并且对被夹取物不产生损伤；可以迅速、稳定地夹取环装、瓶状等易碎、柔软的物体，且不损伤物体表面。本申请的内撑式夹具带有第一弹性件的夹具伸入物体内腔后，第一弹性件膨胀，与物体内表面贴合，可以从内部完成对待夹取物体的夹取；进一步地，第一弹性件可以呈“共形”，不会产生局部应力集中，不易损伤物体内面。进一步地，气囊内部气压可调，即可以调整内撑的力度，对于薄壁或易损工件也可以安全拾取；进一步地，即使气动系统过载，或定位不准发生碰撞，也不会对物品产生损伤；进一步地，待夹取物体内侧面为复杂轮廓时，得益于硅胶可以产生极大形变的特性，不需要预先进行复杂的设计，也可以有效贴合，实现夹取。
以上述依据本发明的理想实施例为启示，通过上述的说明内容，相关工作人员完全可以在不偏离本项发明技术思想的范围内，进行多样的变更以及修改。本项发明的技术性范围并不局限于说明书上的内容，必须要根据权利要求范围来确定其技术性范围。

Claims (43)

  1. 一种内撑式夹具(100)，其特征在于，其包括：
    支撑部件(3)，在所述支撑部件(3)上形成有用于与外部连接的连接结构(32)；
    以及
    第一弹性件(2)，所述第一弹性件(2)以包覆所述支撑部件(3)的部分或者全部外侧的方式密封设置在所述支撑部件(3)上，使得第一弹性件(2)能够在充放气装置的作用下向外膨胀。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的内撑式夹具(100)，其特征在于，在所述第一弹性件(2)的外壁和/或内壁上设置有增强结构(9)和/或在所述第一弹性件(2)的外壁上设置有耐磨层、防痕层、防油层和防静电层中的至少一个。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的内撑式夹具(100)，其特征在于，所述增强结构(9)包括形成在所述第一弹性件(2)上的加强筋和粗糙面中的至少一种。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的内撑式夹具(100)，其特征在于，所述加强筋为条形凸起、波浪形凸起和锯齿状凸起中的至少一种。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的内撑式夹具(100)，其特征在于，在所述第一弹性件(2)上设置有纹路和/或微型凸点，使得所述第一弹性件(2)的外壁和/或内壁表面形成为所述粗糙面。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的内撑式夹具(100)，其特征在于，所述第一弹性件(2)的材质为高弹性材料。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的内撑式夹具(100)，其特征在于，所述高弹性材料为硅胶或者橡胶。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的内撑式夹具(100)，其特征在于，安装状态下，所述第一弹性件(2)的腰部呈内凹状；
    或者，安装状态下，所述第一弹性件(2)呈“共形”。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的内撑式夹具(100)，其特征在于，所述支撑部件(3)的中部形成有内凹部(33)，使得所述第一弹性件(2)与所述支撑部件(3)的外侧之间能够形成一内腔。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的内撑式夹具(100)，其特征在于，在所述支撑部件(3)上设置有卡合部(31)；
    在安装状态下，所述第一弹性件(2)的端部卡合于所述卡合部(31)上，使得所述第一弹性件(2)以包覆所述支撑部件(3)的部分或者全部外侧的方式密封设置在所述支撑部件(3)上。
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的内撑式夹具(100)，其特征在于，在所述支撑部件(3)上形成的连接结构(32)为螺纹连接结构或者卡合连接结构。
  12. 根据权利要求1所述的内撑式夹具(100)，其特征在于，在所述支撑部件(3)内设置有第一气道(1)；
    所述第一弹性件(2)与所述支撑部件(3)的外侧之间通过所述第一气道(1)和所述充放气装置相连通。
  13. 根据权利要求1所述的内撑式夹具(100)，其特征在于，所述内撑式夹具还包括连接部件(4)；
    所述连接部件(4)与所述支撑部件(3)相连接，用于所述内撑式夹具(100)的外部连接。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的内撑式夹具(100)，其特征在于，所述连接部件(4)包括用于与外部连接的上连接部(44)和用于与所述支撑部件(3)上的 所述连接结构(32)相连接的下连接部(45)。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的内撑式夹具(100)，其特征在于，所述上连接部(44)为螺纹连接部或卡合连接部；所述下连接部(45)为螺纹连接部或卡合连接部。
  16. 根据权利要求14所述的内撑式夹具(100)，其特征在于，所述连接部件(4)还包括压接部(46)；
    所述压接部(46)为以沿径向向外凸出的方式形成在所述上连接部(44)和所述下连接部(45)之间的突出部；
    在安装状态下，所述压接部(46)能够将所述第一弹性件(2)压紧在所述支撑部件(3)上，以保证所述第一弹性件(2)与所述支撑部件(3)之间的密封性。
  17. 根据权利要求13所述的内撑式夹具(100)，其特征在于，在所述连接部件(4)内设置有第二气道；
    所述第一弹性件(2)与所述支撑部件(3)的外侧之间能够通过所述第二气道和所述充放气装置相连通。
  18. 根据权利要求1所述的内撑式夹具(100)，其特征在于，所述内撑式夹具还包括密封部件(5)；所述密封部件(5)设置在所述第一弹性件(2)与所述支撑部件(3)的连接处，用于保证所述内撑式夹具的密封性。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的内撑式夹具(100)，其特征在于，所述密封部件(5)包括密封压块(51)，所述密封压块(51)的内壁与所述第一弹性件(2)和所述支撑部件(3)连接处的外壁密封连接。
  20. 根据权利要求1所述的内撑式夹具(100)，其特征在于，还包括供气接口(6)；
    所述第一弹性件(2)与所述支撑部件(3)的外侧之间能够通过所述供气接口(6)和所述充放气装置相连通。
  21. 根据权利要求1所述的内撑式夹具(100)，其特征在于，还包括伸缩机构(10)；
    所述支撑部件(3)直接或者通过连接部件(4)连接在所述伸缩机构(10)上。
  22. 根据权利要求21所述的内撑式夹具(100)，其特征在于，所述伸缩机构(10)为伸缩杆，所述支撑部件(3)直接或者通过连接部件(4)连接在所述伸缩杆的伸缩端；
    或者，
    所述伸缩机构(10)包括弹簧和牵引件；所述支撑部件(3)直接或者通过连接部件(4)与所述弹簧和所述牵引件相连接，使得所述支撑部件(3)在所述牵引件的牵引下能够随所述弹簧的伸缩而伸缩。
  23. 根据权利要求1所述的内撑式夹具(100)，其特征在于，还包括缓冲结构(20)；
    所述支撑部件(3)直接或者通过连接部件(4)连接在所述缓冲结构(20)上。
  24. 根据权利要求1所述的内撑式夹具(100)，其特征在于，所述缓冲结构(20)为缓冲器、缓冲垫、缓冲片或缓冲弹簧；
    或者，
    所述缓冲结构(20)包括伸缩机构、压力传感器和控制器；所述伸缩机构和所述压力传感器与所述控制器相连接，所述支撑部件(3)连接在所述伸缩机构上，所述压力传感器设置于所述支撑部件(3)与所述伸缩机构的连接处。
  25. 一种夹具，其特征在于，其包括如权利要求1至24之一所述的内撑式夹具(100)以及辅助外夹具(40)；
    所述辅助外夹具(40)设置于所述内撑式夹具(100)上。
  26. 根据权利要求25所述的夹具，其特征在于，所述辅助外夹具(40)为柔性夹爪；所述柔性夹爪与所述内撑式夹具(100)同轴设置，并且所述柔性夹爪与所述内撑式夹具(100)能够相对伸缩移动，使得在使用状态下，所述柔性夹爪能够从外部对待夹取物体(200)进行夹取；
    或者，所述辅助外夹具(40)为环状气囊夹具、液压夹爪、气动夹爪或电动夹爪。
  27. 一种夹具，其特征在于，其包括如权利要求1至24之一所述的内撑式夹具(100)以及导向装置(30)；
    所述导向装置(30)可拆卸地设置于所述内撑式夹具(100)上。
  28. 根据权利要求27所述的夹具，其特征在于，所述导向装置(30)呈锥型或喇叭状结构，其通过螺纹连接或卡合连接的方式可拆卸地设置于所述内撑式夹具(100)的伸入端；
    或者，
    所述导向装置(30)包括导向杆(301)和导向套(302)；
    所述内撑式夹具(100)连接在所述导向杆(301)上，所述导向套(302)套设在所述导向杆(301)上；并且，在所述导向杆(301)上沿轴向设置有限位槽(303)；在所述导向套(302)内设置有限位凸起(304)；
    安装状态下，所述限位凸起(304)卡合在限位槽(303)内，以防止所述导向杆(301)在所述导向套(302)内转动，使得所述内撑式夹具(100)能够随所述导向杆(301)沿所述导向套(302)所限定的方向伸缩移动。
  29. 根据权利要求27或28所述的夹具，其特征在于，还包括辅助外夹具(40)；所述辅助外夹具(40)设置于所述内撑式夹具(100)上。
  30. 一种夹具，其特征在于，其包括如权利要求1至24之一所述的内撑式 夹具(100)以及辅助脱离装置(50)；
    所述辅助脱离装置(50)为喷气结构，所述喷气结构设置于所述内撑式夹具(100)上，并且在使用状态下，所述喷气结构与充放气装置相连接；
    或者，所述辅助脱离装置(50)为可伸缩推杆，所述可伸缩推杆设置于所述内撑式夹具(100)上；
    或者，所述辅助脱离装置(50)为振动装置，所述内撑式夹具(100)设置于所述振动装置上。
  31. 一种基于气囊的内撑式夹具，其特征在于，包括：气道、气囊、支撑部件(3)和连接部件(4)；
    所述气囊的材质为高弹性材料，至少包覆所述支撑部件(3)的部分外侧，并与所述支撑部件(3)形成内腔；
    所述气道的至少一个端口穿过所述支撑部件(3)与所述内腔连接；
    所述连接部件(4)与所述支撑部件(3)连接，用于所述内撑式夹具的外部连接。
  32. 根据权利要求31所述的内撑式夹具，其特征在于，还包括密封部件(5)，所述密封部件(5)用于保证所述内撑式夹具的密封性。
  33. 根据权利要求32所述的内撑式夹具，其特征在于，所述密封部件(5)设置在所述气囊和/或所述支撑部件(3)的外侧。
  34. 根据权利要求33所述的内撑式夹具，其特征在于，所述密封部件(5)包括密封压块(51)，所述密封压块(51)的内壁与所述气囊和所述支撑部件(3)的外壁密封连接。
  35. 根据权利要求31所述的内撑式夹具，其特征在于，所述气囊的腰部为内凹形状。
  36. 根据权利要求31所述的内撑式夹具，其特征在于，所述气囊的材质为硅胶。
  37. 根据权利要求31所述的内撑式夹具，其特征在于，还包括供气接口(6)，所述供气接口(6)的一个端口与所述气道的一个端口连接，所述供气接口(6)的另一端口与抽放气装置连接。
  38. 根据权利要求31所述的内撑式夹具，其特征在于，所述气囊完全包覆所述支撑部件(3)的水平外侧。
  39. 根据权利要求38所述的内撑式夹具，其特征在于，所述连接部件(4)与所述支撑部件(3)的垂直外侧连接。
  40. 根据权利要求39所述的内撑式夹具，其特征在于，所述连接部件(4)与另外一个或多个夹具连接。
  41. 根据权利要求31所述的内撑式夹具，其特征在于，还包括支架(7)，所述支架(7)与所述连接部件(4)连接，并连接另外一个或多个夹具。
  42. 根据权利要求40或41所述的内撑式夹具，其特征在于，所述另外一个或多个夹具包括至少一个所述内撑式夹具。
  43. 根据权利要求42所述的内撑式夹具，其特征在于，还包括气道控制部件，所述气道控制部件连接多个所述内撑式夹具的气道。
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