WO2019169534A1 - 喇叭组件及电子设备 - Google Patents
喇叭组件及电子设备 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2019169534A1 WO2019169534A1 PCT/CN2018/078047 CN2018078047W WO2019169534A1 WO 2019169534 A1 WO2019169534 A1 WO 2019169534A1 CN 2018078047 W CN2018078047 W CN 2018078047W WO 2019169534 A1 WO2019169534 A1 WO 2019169534A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- magnetic
- horn
- magnetic shield
- sound
- assembly
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
- H04R9/02—Details
- H04R9/025—Magnetic circuit
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K9/00—Screening of apparatus or components against electric or magnetic fields
- H05K9/0073—Shielding materials
- H05K9/0081—Electromagnetic shielding materials, e.g. EMI, RFI shielding
- H05K9/0084—Electromagnetic shielding materials, e.g. EMI, RFI shielding comprising a single continuous metallic layer on an electrically insulating supporting structure, e.g. metal foil, film, plating coating, electro-deposition, vapour-deposition
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R2209/00—Details of transducers of the moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type covered by H04R9/00 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
- H04R2209/022—Aspects regarding the stray flux internal or external to the magnetic circuit, e.g. shielding, shape of magnetic circuit, flux compensation coils
Definitions
- the present application relates to the field of speakers, and in particular to a speaker assembly and an electronic device.
- the walkie-talkie has been used for a long time in an environment with more iron filings, such as a steel plant.
- the horn sound radiating hole shell will absorb a lot of iron filings, and even inhaled into the interior of the walkie-talkie, resulting in small horn sound and noise, which seriously affects normal use.
- Another situation is the interference of the magnetic leakage on other devices. For example, when the two intercoms are close to each other, the signals and the microphones are disturbed, causing howling, which seriously affects the user experience.
- the technical problem to be solved by the present application is to provide a horn assembly and an electronic device capable of limiting the problem of absorbing iron filings or magnetically permeable substances caused by the magnetic flux of the sound radiating surface of the horn and causing interference to other magnetic sensitive devices.
- a technical solution adopted in the present application is to provide a horn assembly, comprising: a horn body; a magnetic shield cover, the magnetic shield cover being disposed on a side of the sound radiating surface of the horn body, the magnetic shield cover Providing a sound-transmitting hole; the magnetic shield is a ferromagnetic material, and the magnetic shield is configured to guide at least a portion of the magnetic flux on a side of the sound radiating surface of the horn body beyond the magnetic shield In the internal magnetic field of the horn body, wherein the magnetic induction intensity of the magnetic shield cover away from the sound permeable aperture is greater than the magnetic induction intensity of the magnetic shield cover around the sound permeable aperture.
- Another technical solution adopted by the present application is to provide an electronic device including the above-mentioned horn assembly.
- the beneficial effects of the present application are: different from the prior art, by providing a magnetic shield on the side of the sound radiating surface of the horn body, wherein the magnetic shield is a ferromagnetic material, so that the magnetic shield can sound the horn body At least part of the magnetic flux on one side of the radiating surface does not exceed the magnetic shield and is guided back into the internal magnetic field of the horn body, and the magnetic induction intensity on the magnetic shield cover away from the sound permeable aperture is greater than the magnetic induction intensity near the sound permeable aperture on the magnetic shield.
- FIG. 1a and 1b are schematic structural views of an embodiment of a horn assembly of the present application.
- FIGS. 2a and 2b are schematic diagrams showing simulation effects of an embodiment of a horn assembly of the present application
- FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of another embodiment of a horn assembly of the present application.
- 4a is a schematic diagram of a simulation effect when a magnetic shield is not provided
- Figure 4b is a schematic view showing the simulation effect when the flat magnetic shield is installed
- 4c is a schematic diagram of a simulation effect when a curved magnetic shield is provided
- Figure 5a is a graph of the magnetic flux intensity of Figure 4a
- Figure 5b is a graph of the magnetic flux intensity of Figure 4b
- Figure 5c is a graph of the magnetic flux intensity of Figure 4c
- FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of still another embodiment of the horn assembly of the present application.
- FIG. 7 is a view showing an actual comparison effect between an application scenario of the speaker assembly of the present application and the unused application.
- FIG. 1a is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of a horn assembly of the present application
- FIG. 1b is a schematic cross-sectional structural view of the horn assembly of FIG. 1a
- the horn assembly of the present embodiment includes: a horn body 12; a magnetic shield cover 14 disposed on a side of the sound radiating surface of the horn body 12, and a plurality of sound permeable holes 140 disposed on the magnetic shield cover 14
- a magnetic shield cover 14 is a ferromagnetic material, and the magnetic shield 14 is used for guiding at least part of the magnetic flux on one side of the sound radiating surface of the horn body 12 to the internal magnetic field of the horn body 12 without exceeding the magnetic shield cover 14; wherein, the magnetic shield cover 14
- the magnetic induction intensity away from the sound-transmitting hole 140 is greater than the magnetic induction intensity on the magnetic shield 14 near the sound-transmitting hole 140, thereby restricting iron filings or magnetic conductive substances from entering the inside of
- the magnetic permeability of the ferromagnetic material is much higher than the magnetic permeability of the air, so the magnetic resistance of the magnetic shield 14 is much smaller than that of the air, when originally located on the side of the sound radiating surface of the horn body 12.
- the magnetic induction intensity of the magnetic shield cover 14 away from the sound-transmitting hole 140 can be made larger than the magnetic induction intensity around the sound-transmitting hole 140 on the magnetic shield cover 14 by the structural design of the special magnetic shield cover 14.
- the magnetic shield cover 14 is divided into two parts away from the first cover body around the sound-transmitting hole 140 and the second cover body around the sound-transmitting hole 140, and the first cover is made of materials with different magnetic permeability.
- the second cover; or the first cover and the second cover may be disposed to different thicknesses or in other manners.
- FIG. 2a and FIG. 2b are schematic diagrams showing simulation effects of an embodiment of the horn assembly of the present application.
- 2a is a magnetic field distribution on the sound radiating surface side of the horn body 12 in the case where the magnetic shield cover 14 is not provided. It can be seen that when the magnetic shield cover 14 is not provided, the sound radiating surface of the horn body 12 is The magnetic flux on the side is guided back to the internal magnetic field of the horn body 12 through the air;
- FIG. 2b is a magnetic field distribution on the side of the sound radiating surface of the horn body 12 in the case where the magnetic shield cover 14 is disposed, and the magnetic shield cover 14 is disposed.
- the magnetic flux on one side of the face does not extend beyond the magnetic shield to return to the internal magnetic field of the horn body.
- the direction of the magnetic field is changed, so that the side of the sound radiating surface of the horn assembly has almost no magnetism, similar to a magnet (for example, the magnetic ends of the strip magnet are strong, and the other sides are close to 0.
- the simulation results show that there is only a small amount of magnetic flux at both ends, so the magnetic shield 14 can shield the magnetic field, so that the outer side of the magnetic shield 14 of the horn assembly does not have a magnetic force to prevent the adsorption of iron filings or magnetic conductive substances.
- On the speaker assembly is only a small amount of magnetic flux at both ends, so the magnetic shield 14 can shield the magnetic field, so that the outer side of the magnetic shield 14 of the horn assembly does not have a magnetic force to prevent the adsorption of iron filings or magnetic conductive substances.
- the magnetic induction intensity around the sound shielding cover 14 on the magnetic shield cover 14 is greater than the magnetic induction intensity on the magnetic shield cover 14 near the sound transmission hole 140, when iron filings or magnetic conductive substances reach the sound transmission hole 140 range
- the iron filings or the magnetic conductive material are preferentially attracted by the portion with high magnetic induction intensity, that is, the portion of the magnetic shielding cover 14 that is away from the periphery of the sound-transmitting hole 140, thereby restricting the iron filings or the magnetic conductive material from transmitting.
- the magnetic shield cover 14 made of a ferromagnetic material is disposed on the sound radiating surface side of the horn body 12, so that the magnetic shield cover 14 can at least partially radiate the sound radiating surface side of the horn body 12.
- the magnetic flux does not exceed the magnetic shield 14 and is guided back into the internal magnetic field of the horn body 12, thereby effectively limiting the problem of absorbing iron filings or magnetically permeable substances caused by the magnetic flux of the horn of the horn and causing interference to other magnetic sensitive devices.
- the shielding effect of the magnetic shield 14 can also function in the static magnetic field when the horn is not working.
- the present application performs magnetic flux strength measurement on the walkie-talkie A, the walkie-talkie B, the horn assembly C without the magnetic shield cover 14 and the horn assembly D of the present application, and measures the walkie-talkie A.
- the maximum magnetic flux density in front of the speaker is 29.7mT (millisla), and the maximum magnetic flux density in front of the speaker of the walkie-talkie B is 35.9mT.
- the front of the speaker assembly C without the magnetic shield 14 is measured.
- the maximum magnetic flux density was 20.5 mT, and for the horn assembly D provided with the magnetic shield 14, the maximum magnetic flux density in front of it was measured to be only 0.3 mT. It can be seen that the magnetic flux density on the side of the sound radiating surface of the horn assembly of the magnetic shield 14 is much smaller than that when it is not disposed, and the horn assembly provided by the embodiment of the present application satisfies the design requirements.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of another embodiment of the horn assembly of the present application.
- the magnetic shield cover 14 is a curved magnetic conductive cover.
- the magnetic shield cover 14 includes a recessed portion 142 recessed toward one side of the horn body 12 and a platform portion 144 protruding toward a side away from the horn body 12;
- the portion 142 is a portion of the magnetic shield cover 14 that is close to the periphery of the sound transmission hole 140;
- the land portion 144 is a portion of the magnetic shield cover 14 that is away from the periphery of the sound transmission hole 140.
- the platform portion 144 in the present embodiment is the first cover body in the above embodiment
- the recess portion 142 is the second cover body in the above embodiment.
- the magnetic shield 14 further includes a connecting portion 146 that connects the recess 142 and the platform portion 144, and the connecting portion 146 may be a curved surface or a flat surface.
- the magnetic shield cover 14 By designing the magnetic shield cover 14 to have a curved cross section, the sound-transmitting hole 140 is recessed around, and the sound-transmitting holes 140 are convex on both sides of the sound-transmitting hole 140 to make the magnetic induction intensity of the recessed portion 142 smaller than the magnetic induction intensity of the land portion 144.
- the magnetic induction intensity at the connecting portion 146 is higher than the magnetic induction intensity of other portions, and when iron filings or magnetic conductive substances enter the sound-transmitting hole 140, the iron filings or magnetic conductive material are preferentially sucked by the connecting portion 146 and the platform portion 144. Live, thereby further reducing the possibility of iron filings or magnetically permeable material entering the interior of the horn assembly from the sound permeable aperture 140.
- the present application performs magnetic field simulation test on the horn assembly which is not provided with the magnetic shield cover 14, the flat-plate magnetic shield cover 14 and the curved magnetic shield cover 14 is provided, and the test results are as shown in the figure. 4a to 5c. 4a and 5a show the magnetic field simulation when the magnetic shield 14 is not provided. It can be found that the magnetic leakage in front of the speaker is severe, and the magnetic flux density measured at point c is 0.0386T (Tesla); FIG. 4b and FIG.
- FIG. 5b are When the magnetic field simulation of the flat magnetic shield 14 is set, it can be found that the magnetic shielding effect of the magnetic shield 14 away from the side of the horn body is obvious, and the magnetic flux density measured at point c is 0.00256T; FIG. 4c and FIG. 5c are curved surfaces. In the magnetic field simulation of the magnetic shield cover 14, it can be found that the magnetic shielding effect of the magnetic shield cover 14 away from the side of the horn body is obvious, and the magnetic flux density at the point c at the platform portion 144 is measured to be 0.00256T, and the point f at the depressed portion 142 is measured.
- the magnetic flux density is 0.00238T, and the magnetic flux density at the point d at the connection portion 146 connecting the recess portion 142 and the land portion 144 is 0.0033T. It can be understood that when iron filings or magnetic conductive substances enter the range of the sound-transmitting holes 140, the iron filings or magnetic conductive materials are preferentially sucked by the point d at the connecting portion 146, thereby further reducing iron filings or magnetic conductive substances. The possibility that the sound hole 140 enters the inside of the horn assembly.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of still another embodiment of the horn assembly of the present application.
- the horn assembly of the present embodiment further includes a dustproof net 16 disposed between the horn body 12 and the magnetic shield cover 14 for preventing foreign matter from entering the horn body 12 through the sound permeable hole 140. It can be understood that a small amount of impurities enters the horn assembly through the sound permeable hole 140 of the magnetic shield cover 14 and is separated from the air filter 16 to make it difficult for iron filings or magnetic conductive substances or other foreign matter to enter the horn assembly. Avoid affecting the normal operation of the horn body 12.
- the horn assembly further includes a housing 18 for enclosing the horn body 12 and the magnetic shield 14; wherein the magnetic shield 14 is disposed between the horn body 12 and the housing 18, or within the magnetic shield 14 Embedded in the outer casing 18.
- the outer casing 18 is provided with an opening portion 180 corresponding to the position of the sound-transmitting hole 140 on the magnetic shield cover 14 to avoid affecting the sound-transmitting effect of the horn assembly.
- the size of the sound-transmitting hole 140 on the magnetic shield cover 14 is set in consideration of both the magnetic shielding effect and the sound-transmitting effect of the speaker.
- the sound transmission hole 140 on the magnetic shield cover 14 may be a circular hole, and the aperture thereof may be 0.8-1.2 mm.
- the sound transmission hole 140 may also be rectangular and may have an area of 0.5-1.2 mm 2 .
- the shape and size of the sound transmission hole 140 can also be set according to actual needs.
- the magnetic shield can be further thickened without considering the weight factor, and the effect of the magnetic shield can be further enhanced.
- the magnetic shield cover 14 may have a thickness of 0.3-0.5 mm, and may of course be set according to actual needs.
- the magnetic shield 14 may be a magnetic conductive material, including but not limited to SPCC (usually cold rolled carbon steel sheet and steel strip) material, low magnetic steel, pure iron, magnetic conductive stainless steel, silicon steel (heat Zh), silicon steel (cold grain orientation) and other materials with high magnetic permeability.
- SPCC usually cold rolled carbon steel sheet and steel strip
- low magnetic steel low magnetic steel
- pure iron magnetic conductive stainless steel
- silicon steel heat Zh
- silicon steel cold grain orientation
- the horn assembly on the left side of FIG. 7 includes a magnetic shield 14 and a 300# dust filter 16 made of ordinary stainless steel, and the horn assembly on the right side in FIG. 7 includes a magnetic shield made of SPCC. 14 and 300# dust-proof nets 16; the sound radiating surfaces of the two sets of horn components are buckled on the iron powder, and under the rated power, 40 minutes of pink noise work is performed, and then stopped, and finally the actual situation as shown in Fig. 7 is obtained. Effect chart.
- the magnetic field can be shielded obviously, so that the outer side of the magnetic shield 14 of the horn assembly does not have a magnetic force, which can effectively prevent iron filings or The magnetically permeable substance is adsorbed on the horn assembly.
- the horn assembly further includes a horn rear housing 11 and a horn assembly bracket 13.
- the speaker back shell 11, the horn assembly bracket 13 and the horn body 12 are assembled first, and then the air filter 16 is placed on the sound radiating surface side of the horn body 12, and then The magnetic shield 14 is placed on the air filter 16, and finally the outer casing 18 is covered.
- the various components described above may be bonded together by glue or other means.
- the outer casing 18 can be formed in one piece with the horn assembly bracket 13. In this case, the magnetic shield 14 can be embedded in the outer casing 18.
- the magnetic shield cover 14 made of a ferromagnetic material is disposed on the sound radiating surface side of the horn body 12, so that the magnetic shield cover 14 can at least partially transmit the magnetic flux on the sound radiating surface side of the horn main body 12
- the magnetic shield 14 is guided back into the internal magnetic field of the horn body 12, thereby effectively limiting the problem of absorbing iron filings or magnetic conductive substances caused by the magnetic flux of the sound radiating surface of the horn and causing interference to other magnetic sensitive devices;
- By providing a curved surface arrangement of the magnetic shield cover 14 the possibility of iron filings or magnetically conductive substances entering the interior of the horn assembly from the sound permeable aperture 140 is further reduced.
- the present application also includes an electronic device, wherein the electronic device includes the horn assembly in the above embodiment.
- the electronic device may include a conventional speaker, a Bluetooth small speaker, an earphone, a mobile phone, a walkie-talkie, a navigator, and the like, which use an electromagnetic conversion type horn sounding device.
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Abstract
本申请公开了一种喇叭组件及电子设备。其中，喇叭组件包括：喇叭本体；磁屏蔽罩，所述磁屏蔽罩设置在所述喇叭本体的声音辐射面一侧，所述磁屏蔽罩上设置有透音孔；所述磁屏蔽罩为铁磁材料，所述磁屏蔽罩用于将所述喇叭本体的声音辐射面一侧的至少部分磁通量不超出所述磁屏蔽罩而导回所述喇叭本体的内部磁场中，而且所述磁屏蔽罩上远离所述透音孔周围的磁感应强度大于所述磁屏蔽罩上靠近所述透音孔周围的磁感应强度。通过上述方式，本申请能够限制由喇叭的声音辐射面的磁通量引起的吸附铁屑或导磁物质和对其它磁敏感设备造成干扰的问题，并能限制铁屑或导磁物质从所述透音孔进入所述喇叭组件内部。
Description
【技术领域】
本申请涉及喇叭领域，特别是涉及一种喇叭组件及电子设备。
【背景技术】
目前市面上传统的音箱、蓝牙小音箱、手机、对讲机、导航仪等用到电磁转换式喇叭发声的装置（简称发声机构），由于现有的喇叭包括防磁喇叭，只在背对声音辐射面作防磁处理，因为声音辐射的要求，没有对声音辐射面正面的磁通泄漏作处理，导致泄磁对发声机构本身及周边的磁敏感器件带来危害。
以对讲机为例，对讲机长期在铁屑较多的环境如钢铁厂中使用，喇叭声音辐射孔面壳上会吸附大量铁屑，甚至吸入对讲机内部，导致喇叭声音小，有杂音,严重影响正常使用。另一种情况是泄磁对其它设备的干扰，如两台对讲机靠近时，对信号及话筒产生干扰，引起啸叫，严重影响用户体验。
【发明内容】
本申请主要解决的技术问题是提供一种喇叭组件及电子设备，能够限制喇叭的声音辐射面的磁通量引起的吸附铁屑或导磁物质和对其它磁敏感设备造成干扰的问题。
为解决上述技术问题，本申请采用的一个技术方案是提供喇叭组件，包括：喇叭本体；磁屏蔽罩，所述磁屏蔽罩设置在所述喇叭本体的声音辐射面一侧，所述磁屏蔽罩上设置有透音孔；所述磁屏蔽罩为铁磁材料，所述磁屏蔽罩用于将所述喇叭本体的声音辐射面一侧的至少部分磁通量不超出所述磁屏蔽罩而导回所述喇叭本体的内部磁场中；其中，所述磁屏蔽罩上远离所述透音孔周围的磁感应强度大于所述磁屏蔽罩上靠近所述透音孔周围的磁感应强度。
为解决上述技术问题，本申请采用的另一个技术方案是提供一种电子设备，包括上述的喇叭组件。
本申请的有益效果是：区别于现有技术的情况，通过在喇叭本体的声音辐射面一侧设置磁屏蔽罩，其中，磁屏蔽罩为铁磁材料，使得磁屏蔽罩能将喇叭本体的声音辐射面一侧的至少部分磁通量不超出磁屏蔽罩而导回喇叭本体的内部磁场中，而且磁屏蔽罩上远离透音孔周围的磁感应强度大于磁屏蔽罩上靠近透音孔周围的磁感应强度，能够有效限制由喇叭的声音辐射面的磁通量而引起的吸附铁屑或导磁物质和对其它磁敏感设备造成干扰的问题，并能限制铁屑或导磁物质从透音孔进入喇叭组件内部。
【附图说明】
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例中的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。其中：
图1a和图1b是本申请喇叭组件一实施方式的结构示意图；
图2a和图2b是本申请喇叭组件一实施方式的仿真效果示意图；
图3是本申请喇叭组件另一实施方式的结构示意图；
图4a是未设置磁屏蔽罩时的仿真效果示意图；
图4b是设置平板式磁屏蔽罩时的仿真效果示意图；
图4c是设置曲面式磁屏蔽罩时的仿真效果示意图；
图5a是图4a的磁通强度曲线图；
图5b是图4b的磁通强度曲线图；
图5c是图4c的磁通强度曲线图；
图6是本申请喇叭组件又一实施方式的结构示意图；
图7是本申请喇叭组件一应用场景与未使用本申请的实际对比效果图。
【具体实施方式】
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性的劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
请参阅图1a和图1b，图1a是本申请喇叭组件一实施方式的结构示意图，图1b是图1a中喇叭组件的截面结构示意图。本实施方式的喇叭组件包括：喇叭本体12；磁屏蔽罩14，磁屏蔽罩14设置在喇叭本体12的声音辐射面一侧，磁屏蔽罩14上设置有若干个透音孔140；磁屏蔽罩14为铁磁材料，磁屏蔽罩14用于将喇叭本体12的声音辐射面一侧的至少部分磁通量不超出磁屏蔽罩14而导回喇叭本体12的内部磁场中；其中，磁屏蔽罩14上远离透音孔140周围的磁感应强度大于磁屏蔽罩14上靠近透音孔140周围的磁感应强度，从而限制铁屑或导磁物质从透音孔140进入喇叭组件内部。
可以理解的是，铁磁材料的导磁率远远高于空气的导磁率，所以磁屏蔽罩14的磁阻比空气的磁阻小得多，当原先位于喇叭本体12的声音辐射面一侧的磁通量经过磁屏蔽罩14时会形成转向，通过磁屏蔽罩14内部返回喇叭本体12的内部磁场中，形成完整的磁回路。另外，可以通过特殊的磁屏蔽罩14的结构设计来实现磁屏蔽罩14上远离透音孔140周围的磁感应强度大于磁屏蔽罩14上靠近透音孔140周围的磁感应强度。例如，将磁屏蔽罩14分为远离透音孔140周围的第一罩体和靠近透音孔140周围的第二罩体这两个部分，分别采用不同的导磁率的材料来制作第一罩体和第二罩体；又或者可以将第一罩体和第二罩体设置成不同的厚度，或者采用其他的方式。
请参阅图2a和图2b，图2a和图2b是本申请喇叭组件一实施方式的仿真效果示意图。其中，图2a是没有设置磁屏蔽罩14的情况下，喇叭本体12的声音辐射面一侧的磁场分布情况，可以看出，在没有设置磁屏蔽罩14时，喇叭本体12的声音辐射面一侧的磁通量通过空气导回喇叭本体12的内部磁场；图2b是在设置了磁屏蔽罩14的情况下，喇叭本体12的声音辐射面一侧的磁场分布情况，而在设置了磁屏蔽罩14时，喇叭本体12的声音辐射面一侧的磁通量绝大部分都通过磁屏蔽罩14，然后回到喇叭本体12的内部磁场。比较而言，由于铁磁材料的导磁系数远远大于真空的导磁系数，所以，不设置磁屏蔽罩14时喇叭本体12的声音辐射面一侧的磁场分布范围要远远大于设置了磁屏蔽罩14时的情况。可以理解的是，由于非铁磁材料的导磁系数都接近于真空的导磁系数，故，若设置的磁屏蔽罩14为非铁磁材料时，则无法起到使喇叭本体12的声音辐射面一侧的磁通量不超出磁屏蔽罩而导回喇叭本体的内部磁场中的作用。另外磁屏蔽罩14在磁场中导磁后，改变了磁场的方向，使喇叭组件的声音辐射面一侧几乎不具有磁性，类似磁石（例如条形磁石的磁性两端强、另两侧接近0），仿真结果看到只在两端有少量的磁通量，故磁屏蔽罩14可以起到屏蔽磁场的作用，从而使得喇叭组件的磁屏蔽罩14外侧不具有磁力，防止铁屑或者导磁物质吸附在喇叭组件上。
可以理解的是，由于磁屏蔽罩14上远离透音孔140周围的磁感应强度大于磁屏蔽罩14上靠近透音孔140周围的磁感应强度，当有铁屑或导磁物质到达透音孔140范围内时，铁屑或导磁物质会优先被磁感应强度大的部分吸住，即被磁屏蔽罩14上远离透音孔140周围的部分吸住，从而可以限制铁屑或导磁物质从透音孔140进入喇叭组件内部的可能。
本实施方式中的喇叭组件，通过在喇叭本体12的声音辐射面一侧设置采用铁磁材料制作的磁屏蔽罩14，使得磁屏蔽罩14能将喇叭本体12的声音辐射面一侧的至少部分磁通量不超出磁屏蔽罩14而导回喇叭本体12的内部磁场中，进而能够有效限制由喇叭的声音辐射面的磁通量而引起的吸附铁屑或导磁物质和对其它磁敏感设备造成干扰的问题；并且由于铁磁材料的磁阻远远小于空气的磁阻，使得磁屏蔽罩14的屏蔽效果在喇叭不工作时的静磁场中也同样可以起到作用。
为了验证上述喇叭组件满足防泄磁设计要求，本申请对对讲机A、对讲机B、未设置磁屏蔽罩14的喇叭组件C以及本申请的喇叭组件D进行了磁通强度测量，测得对讲机A的喇叭前方最大磁通量密度为29.7mT（毫特斯拉），对讲机B的喇叭前方最大磁通量密度为35.9mT，当喇叭组件未组装在对讲机中时，测得未设置磁屏蔽罩14的喇叭组件C前方最大磁通量密度为20.5mT，而对于设置了磁屏蔽罩14的喇叭组件D，测得其前方最大磁通量密度仅为0.3mT。可以发现，设置了磁屏蔽罩14的喇叭组件的声音辐射面一侧的磁通量密度要远远小于未设置时的情况，说明本申请实施例提供的喇叭组件满足设计要求。
如图3所示，图3是本申请喇叭组件另一实施方式的结构示意图。作为一种可实施方式，磁屏蔽罩14为曲面式导磁板，磁屏蔽罩14包括向喇叭本体12一侧凹陷的凹陷部142和向远离喇叭本体12一侧凸起的平台部144；凹陷部142为磁屏蔽罩14上靠近透音孔140周围的部分；平台部144为磁屏蔽罩14上远离透音孔140周围的部分。可以理解的是，本实施方式中的平台部144即为上文实施例中的第一罩体，而凹陷部142即为上文实施例中的第二罩体。
作为一种可实施方式，磁屏蔽罩14还包括连接凹陷部142和平台部144的连接部146，连接部146可以为弧面或平面。通过将磁屏蔽罩14设计成曲线型横截面，透音孔140周围下凹，透音孔140两侧凸起为平台部144，使得凹陷部142的磁感应强度小于平台部144的磁感应强度，而连接部146处的磁感应强度高于其他部分的磁感应强度，当有铁屑或导磁物质进入到透音孔140范围内时，铁屑或导磁物质会优先被连接部146以及平台部144吸住，从而进一步减少铁屑或导磁物质从透音孔140进入喇叭组件内部的可能。
为了验证上述喇叭组件满足防泄磁设计要求，本申请对未设置磁屏蔽罩14、设置平板式磁屏蔽罩14以及设置曲面式磁屏蔽罩14的喇叭组件进行了磁场仿真测试，测试结果如图4a至图5c所示。其中，图4a和图5a为未设置磁屏蔽罩14时的磁场仿真，可以发现，喇叭前方泄磁严重，测得c点的磁通量密度为0.0386T（特斯拉）；图4b和图5b为设置平板式磁屏蔽罩14时的磁场仿真，可以发现，磁屏蔽罩14远离喇叭本体一侧的磁场屏蔽效果明显，测得c点的磁通量密度为0.00256T；图4c和图5c为设置曲面式磁屏蔽罩14时的磁场仿真，可以发现，磁屏蔽罩14远离喇叭本体一侧的磁场屏蔽效果明显，测得平台部144处的c点的磁通量密度为0.00256T，凹陷部142处的f点的磁通量密度为0.00238T，连接凹陷部142和平台部144的连接部146处的d点的磁通量密度为0.0033T。可以理解，当有铁屑或导磁物质进入到透音孔140范围内时，铁屑或导磁物质会优先被连接部146处的d点吸住，从而进一步减少铁屑或导磁物质从透音孔140进入喇叭组件内部的可能。
如图6所示，图6是本申请喇叭组件又一实施方式的结构示意图。本实施方式的喇叭组件还包括防尘网16，防尘网16设置在喇叭本体12和磁屏蔽罩14中间，用于防止杂物通过透音孔140进入喇叭本体12。可以理解的是，微量杂物会通过磁屏蔽罩14的透音孔140进入喇叭组件中，通过用防尘网16隔离，使铁屑或者导磁物质或者其他杂物很难进入到喇叭组件内部，避免影响到喇叭本体12的正常工作。
作为一种可实施方式，喇叭组件还包括外壳18，外壳18用于包裹喇叭本体12和磁屏蔽罩14；其中，磁屏蔽罩14设置于喇叭本体12和外壳18中间，或磁屏蔽罩14内嵌于外壳18中。可以理解的是，外壳18上设置有与磁屏蔽罩14上的透音孔140的位置相对应的开口部180，避免影响喇叭组件的透音效果。
可以理解的是，磁屏蔽罩14上的透音孔140的大小的设置既要考虑磁屏蔽效果，又要考虑喇叭的透音效果。作为一种可实施方式，磁屏蔽罩14上的透音孔140可以为圆形孔，其孔径可以为0.8-1.2mm。作为另一种可实施方式，透音孔140还可以为矩形，其面积可以为0.5-1.2mm2。当然，对于透音孔140的形状和尺寸大小也可以根据实际需求进行设置。
另外，在不考虑重量的因素的情况下，把磁屏蔽罩14适当加厚，可以进一步加强磁屏蔽的效果。作为一种可实施方式，磁屏蔽罩14的厚度可以为0.3-0.5mm，当然也可以根据实际需求进行设置。
作为一种可实施方式，磁屏蔽罩14可以为导磁性材料，包括但不限于SPCC（一般用冷轧碳钢薄板及钢带）材料、低磁钢、纯铁、导磁不锈钢、硅钢（热扎）、硅钢（冷扎晶粒取向）及其它导磁率高的材料。可以理解的是，导磁率越高，磁屏蔽效果越明显，可以做到保证磁屏蔽效果的同时使得磁屏蔽罩14更轻，或者在保持磁屏蔽罩14重量相同时使得磁屏蔽效果更好，这是由材料的磁饱和度决定的。在一应用场景中，以SPCC材料为例，为了验证其效果，进行了声音测试。如图7所示，图7中的左侧的喇叭组件包括材质为普通不锈钢的磁屏蔽罩14和300#防尘网16，图7中的右侧的喇叭组件包括材质为SPCC的磁屏蔽罩14和300#防尘网16；将两组喇叭组件的声音辐射面均扣在铁粉上，在额定功率下，进行40分钟的粉红噪声工作，然后停止，最终得到如图7所示的实际效果图。可以发现，相较于普通的不锈钢材质，使用了SPCC材质的磁屏蔽罩14后，可以明显起到屏蔽磁场的作用，使得喇叭组件的磁屏蔽罩14外侧不具有磁力，能有效防止铁屑或者导磁物质吸附在喇叭组件上。
在其他实施例中，喇叭组件还包括喇叭后壳11和喇叭装配支架13。在一应用场景中，如图6所示，先将喇叭后壳11、喇叭装配支架13以及喇叭本体12进行组装，然后将防尘网16置于喇叭本体12的声音辐射面一侧，再将磁屏蔽罩14置于防尘网16上，最后盖上外壳18。可以理解的是，上述各部件之间可以通过胶水或其它方式粘结在一起。作为一种可实施方式，外壳18可以跟喇叭装配支架13做成一体结构，此时，可以将磁屏蔽罩14嵌入外壳18中。
以上实施方式中，通过在喇叭本体12的声音辐射面一侧设置采用铁磁材料制作的磁屏蔽罩14，使得磁屏蔽罩14能将喇叭本体12的声音辐射面一侧的至少部分磁通量不超出磁屏蔽罩14而导回喇叭本体12的内部磁场中，进而能够有效限制由喇叭的声音辐射面的磁通量而引起的吸附铁屑或导磁物质和对其它磁敏感设备造成干扰的问题；另外可以通过对磁屏蔽罩14进行曲面型设置，进一步减少铁屑或导磁物质从透音孔140进入喇叭组件内部的可能。
另外，本申请还包括一种电子设备，其中，电子设备包括上述实施方式中的喇叭组件。
具体地，该电子设备可以包括传统的音箱、蓝牙小音箱、耳机、手机、对讲机、导航仪等用到电磁转换式喇叭发声装置的设备。
以上所述仅为本申请的实施例，并非因此限制本申请的专利范围，凡是利用本申请说明书及附图内容所作的等效结构或等效原理变换，或直接或间接运用在其他相关的技术领域，均同理包括在本申请的专利保护范围内。
Claims (10)
- 一种喇叭组件，其特征在于，包括：喇叭本体；磁屏蔽罩，所述磁屏蔽罩设置在所述喇叭本体的声音辐射面一侧，所述磁屏蔽罩上设置有透音孔；所述磁屏蔽罩为铁磁材料，所述磁屏蔽罩用于将所述喇叭本体的声音辐射面一侧的至少部分磁通量不超出所述磁屏蔽罩而导回所述喇叭本体的内部磁场中；其中，所述磁屏蔽罩上远离所述透音孔周围的磁感应强度大于所述磁屏蔽罩上靠近所述透音孔周围的磁感应强度。
- 根据权利要求1所述的喇叭组件，其特征在于，所述磁屏蔽罩为曲面式导磁板；所述磁屏蔽罩包括向所述喇叭本体一侧凹陷的凹陷部和向远离所述喇叭本体一侧凸起的平台部；所述凹陷部为所述磁屏蔽罩上靠近所述透音孔周围的部分；所述平台部为所述磁屏蔽罩上远离所述透音孔周围的部分。
- 根据权利要求2所述的喇叭组件，其特征在于，所述磁屏蔽罩还包括连接所述凹陷部和所述平台部的连接部，所述连接部为弧面或平面。
- 根据权利要求1所述的喇叭组件，其特征在于，还包括：防尘网，所述防尘网设置在所述喇叭本体和所述磁屏蔽罩中间，用于防止杂物通过所述透音孔进入所述喇叭本体。
- 根据权利要求1所述的喇叭组件，其特征在于，还包括：外壳，所述外壳用于包裹所述喇叭本体和所述磁屏蔽罩；其中，所述磁屏蔽罩设置于所述喇叭本体和所述外壳中间，或所述磁屏蔽罩内嵌于所述外壳中。
- 根据权利要求1所述的喇叭组件，其特征在于，所述透音孔为圆形，所述透音孔的孔径为0.8-1.2mm。
- 根据权利要求1所述的喇叭组件，其特征在于，还包括：喇叭后壳和喇叭装配支架，所述喇叭后壳设置在所述喇叭本体的背对声音辐射面一侧，所述喇叭装配支架用于使所述喇叭本体固定设置在所述喇叭后壳上；其中，所述喇叭后壳、所述喇叭装配支架、所述喇叭本体以及所述磁屏蔽罩之间可以通过胶水或其它方式粘结在一起。
- 根据权利要求1所述的喇叭组件，其特征在于，所述磁屏蔽罩的厚度为0.3-0.5mm。
- 根据权利要求1所述的喇叭组件，其特征在于，所述磁屏蔽罩为导磁性材料，所述导磁性材料为SPCC材料或低磁钢或纯铁或导磁不锈钢或热轧硅钢或冷轧晶粒取向硅钢。
- 一种电子设备，其特征在于，包括权利要求1至9任一项所述的喇叭组件。
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| CN201213307Y (zh) * | 2008-03-25 | 2009-03-25 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | 防粉尘喇叭 |
| CN103299653A (zh) * | 2010-11-12 | 2013-09-11 | 诺基亚公司 | 磁性屏蔽装置 |
| US20140355812A1 (en) * | 2013-06-03 | 2014-12-04 | Nokia Corporation | Shielded Audio Apparatus |
| CN105208481A (zh) * | 2015-09-28 | 2015-12-30 | 维沃移动通信有限公司 | 一种耳机 |
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| US11432073B2 (en) | 2022-08-30 |
| US20200404426A1 (en) | 2020-12-24 |
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