WO2019166360A1 - Antenne à diagramme de rayonnement commandé - Google Patents

Antenne à diagramme de rayonnement commandé Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019166360A1
WO2019166360A1 PCT/EP2019/054556 EP2019054556W WO2019166360A1 WO 2019166360 A1 WO2019166360 A1 WO 2019166360A1 EP 2019054556 W EP2019054556 W EP 2019054556W WO 2019166360 A1 WO2019166360 A1 WO 2019166360A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
dielectric resonator
antennas
radiation pattern
base plate
antenna
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP2019/054556
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Stefano Caizzone
Wahid Elmarissi
Georg Buchner
Manuel Cuntz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Deutsches Zentrum fuer Luft und Raumfahrt eV
Original Assignee
Deutsches Zentrum fuer Luft und Raumfahrt eV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Deutsches Zentrum fuer Luft und Raumfahrt eV filed Critical Deutsches Zentrum fuer Luft und Raumfahrt eV
Publication of WO2019166360A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019166360A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/42—Housings not intimately mechanically associated with radiating elements, e.g. radome
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q17/00—Devices for absorbing waves radiated from an antenna; Combinations of such devices with active antenna elements or systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/28—Combinations of substantially independent non-interacting antenna units or systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q25/00—Antennas or antenna systems providing at least two radiating patterns
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
    • H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
    • H01Q3/2605—Array of radiating elements provided with a feedback control over the element weights, e.g. adaptive arrays
    • H01Q3/2611—Means for null steering; Adaptive interference nulling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/40—Imbricated or interleaved structures; Combined or electromagnetically coupled arrangements, e.g. comprising two or more non-connected fed radiating elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/0485—Dielectric resonator antennas
    • H01Q9/0492—Dielectric resonator antennas circularly polarised

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a controlled radiation pattern antenna.
  • Such antennas are known in the art for use in GNSS navigation. They are able to suppress interference from unwanted or intentional sources of interference (such as attackers).
  • the essential elements of a CRPA antenna are an antenna array, a frontend unit and a digital signal processor.
  • the antenna arrangement has several individual antennas, from each of which GNSS signals can be received. With a suitable combination of the input signals, directions from which signals can be received worse can be placed in the direction of interfering signals, so that they are suppressed.
  • the front-end unit converts the RF signals present at the output of the antennas into filtered intermediate frequency (IF) signals which are fed to the digital signal processor.
  • IF intermediate frequency
  • algorithms for interference suppression are used by analyzing the received signals for suppression of interferences. For example, suitable weighting vectors can be calculated at the antenna outputs, so that the interfering signals can be suppressed.
  • CRPA antenna arrays known from the prior art are known, for example, the Novatel GAJT-710ML antenna system and the Raytheon's Landshield system.
  • Antennas known from the prior art usually have large dimensions, so that they can not be integrated into mobile devices.
  • prior art antennas have interference cancellation in both the GPS LI and L2 bands. This increases the complexity of the antenna since two non-adjacent bands must be accommodated in the same antenna. When the available size for the antenna is limited, the performance of each band often suffers. In order to achieve good performance in both bands, the antennas must be increased, but this negatively affects their usability in different devices.
  • the suppression in both the LI and L2 bands increases the number of channels (which is the number of antennas multiplied by the number of bands for which interference is to be suppressed). This increases the computational complexity in the signal processing. If other bands such as L5 / E5a / E6 need to be considered, interference suppression can not be ensured due to the large increase in complexity and associated costs.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a controlled radiation pattern antenna which has compact dimensions and at the same time provides the necessary bandwidths for all GNSS signals in the L band.
  • the controlled radiation pattern antenna according to the invention has an electrically conductive base plate whose edge is preferably surrounded by a ring of RF-absorbing material.
  • an RF-absorbing material may have dielectric losses greater than 0.01 (tangent delta).
  • four Ll / El dielectric resonator antennas are provided, which are arranged on the base plate and their operation takes place in the Ll / El band.
  • a central dielectric resonator antenna is provided, which is arranged centrally on the base plate in the radial direction between the four Ll / El di-electric resonator antennas and their operation in one of the bands E5 / L5 / L2 and / or E6 takes place.
  • the four antennas mentioned can additionally receive signals in the Glonass GI band.
  • the four Ll / El dielectric resonator antennas are arranged in the form of a square relative to each other, each of the four antennas forming one corner of the square. At the very center of this square is preferably the central DRA antenna.
  • the invention takes advantage of the fact that CRPA functionality is absolutely necessary only in the Ll / El bands, while signal reception at lower bands (even with a single antenna without integrated interference suppression) can be used to increase availability and provide alternative signals in case of strong interference. Furthermore, in the lower bands (L2 / E5a), resistance to interference sources is already achieved by encryption of the signals for military purposes, so that antennas in these bands are less vulnerable.
  • the antenna according to the invention makes it possible to receive all the signals in the GNSS bands, including the wideband signals, for example El, E5 in the Galileo system. Furthermore, interference suppression can take place for all Ll / El signals.
  • the front-end and the digital signal processing can be simplified according to the invention, since it is not necessary to perform an interference suppression in all bands. It is preferred that the operation of the central dielectric resonator antennas is in the bands L2 and E6. This embodiment of the invention may be an independent invention.
  • the operation of the central dielectric resonator antenna takes place in the bands L5 and E5a.
  • This embodiment may also be an independent invention.
  • all the dielectric resonator antennas are cylindrical and, in particular, have a circular cylindrical shape. They can also have a relative electrical permittivity of over 20.
  • the dielectric resonator antennas it is preferable for the dielectric resonator antennas to comprise a glass-ceramic material. This allows a very compact construction of the antennas. It is further preferred that the side remote from the base plate side of the dielectric resonator antennas is covered with a particular circular copper plate. As a result, the miniaturization can be further improved. Furthermore, the fine tuning of the antennas can thereby be improved.
  • a cover made of solid material which in the region of the dielectric resonator antennas has, in particular, cylindrical recesses for receiving the respective dielectric resonator antenna.
  • This covering hood is not hollow, but consists of solid material and has only the recesses mentioned for receiving the dielectric resonator antennas, so that an improved mechanical stability can be achieved.
  • the cover can be made of Plexiglas or synthetic resin. Furthermore, it may be made of a plastic material, optionally by a 3D printer. Furthermore is the use of a low-loss dielectric material is preferred.
  • the four fastening screws can each be surrounded in the radial direction by a ring of RF-absorbing material.
  • the four fastening screws are arranged in the form of a square relative to each other, wherein each fastening screw is arranged at a corner of the square.
  • the square preferably has a side length of 4.8 cm. This corresponds to the individual antennas currently in use, such as the GPS S67-1575 antenna.
  • the retrofitting of the antenna according to the invention in existing platforms is thus simplified.
  • the fastening screws may comprise a metallic material which has been taken into account in the calculation of the electromagnetic properties of the antenna. The influence of the electromagnetic properties on the metallic material of the screws can be reduced by the RF-absorbing material surrounding the screws.
  • FIGS. 1 a - 1 c show a first embodiment of the antenna according to the invention
  • FIGS. 2a-2c show a second embodiment of the antenna according to the invention
  • FIGS. 3a-3c show a third embodiment of the antenna according to the invention.
  • the CRPA antenna according to the invention has an electrically conductive base plate 12, the edge of which is surrounded by a ring 15 of RF-absorbing material.
  • the electric base plate 12 is preferably circular.
  • the antenna 10 has exactly four Ll / El dielectric resonator antennas 14a-14d, which are arranged on the base plate 12. The operation of these antennas takes place in the Ll / El band. This means that the dimensions and the material of these antennas are selected such that their resonance frequency lies in the said bands.
  • Each of these antennas is covered on its side remote from the base plate 12 side with a circular copper plate 18a - 18d.
  • a central dielectric resonator antenna 16 is arranged, the operation of which takes place in one of the bands E5 / L5 / L2 and / or E6, preferably in L2 / E6.
  • Each of the dielectric resonator antennas 14a-14d, 16 is supplied by two electrical leads connected to electrical components disposed below the metallic base plate 12. Each of these electrical supply lines 19a-19d excites a linear component of the electromagnetic field.
  • the signals from the two feeders are then combined in the electrical circuit below the baseplate 12 by a broadband 90 ° hybrid circuit. RHCP and LHCP polarized output signals are generated from the two linear components. These are then routed to the front end and the digital signal processor. This is done by RF connectors, which may preferably be MMBX connectors.
  • the antenna 10 has a covering hood 24 made of solid material. This has circular cylindrical recesses for each DRA antenna 14a - 14d, 16, so that the mechanical stability of the antenna 10 can be increased.
  • the first embodiment of the antenna 10 may have a diameter of about 150 mm and an axial height of less than 20 mm.
  • the diameter for the four Ll / El dielectric resonator antennas 14a-14d may be 15-25 mm in all embodiments of the invention.
  • the diameter for the central antenna 16 may be 25-30 mm in all embodiments of the invention.
  • the height of all antennas may be 5-20 mm in the first embodiment and 5-20 mm or 5-30 mm in the second and third embodiments.
  • the pitch of the four dielectric Ll / El antennas 14a-14d from the center of the base plate 12 may be 40-60 mm. In the second and third embodiments, this distance may be 15-30 mm.
  • the central DRA antenna 16 is operated in the L2 / E6 band and can optionally additionally be operated in the L5 / E5A band.
  • the second embodiment of the antenna according to the invention as shown in FIGS. 2a-2c is fundamentally of a similar construction, with the four Ll / El DRA antennas 14a-14d being at a smaller distance from the central antenna.
  • the screws 22a-22d are arranged in the radial direction outside the four Ll / El DRA antennas 14a-14d, that is to say the center of each screw is located radially further outward than the center point of the screw respective DRA antennas 14a-14d. Accordingly, the fixing screws 22a-22d do not have a ring of RF-absorbing material, as was the case with the first embodiment. In contrast, in this first embodiment, the fixing screws 22a-22d are disposed in the radial direction within the four dielectric resonator antennas 14a-14d.
  • the second embodiment of the antenna 10 may have a diameter of about 90 millimeters and an axial height of less than 20 millimeters.
  • the second embodiment may have all the features described in connection with the first embodiment.
  • FIGS. 3a-3c A third embodiment of the antenna 10 according to the invention is shown in FIGS. 3a-3c.
  • the fastening screws 22a-22d are arranged in the radial direction outside the DRA antennas 14a-14d.
  • the cover 24 (see Figure 3c) is curved and thus has an improved mechanical stability.
  • the central antenna 16 in the third embodiment is operated in L5 / E5A band and can optionally be additionally operated in the L2 / E6 band.
  • the third embodiment of the antenna may have a diameter of about 90 mm and a height of less than 30 mm.
  • the antenna according to the invention it is possible to provide more than four Ll / El dielectric resonator antennas.
  • an antenna can also be used for the Glonass GI band.
  • the said bands can cover the following frequencies:

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Waveguide Aerials (AREA)
  • Details Of Aerials (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une antenne à diagramme de rayonnement commandé qui comprend une plaque de base électriquement conductrice (12) dont le bord est de préférence entouré par un anneau en matériau absorbant les radiofréquences, quatre antennes à résonateur diélectrique L1/E1 (14a-14d) qui sont disposées sur la plaque de base (12) et qui fonctionnent dans la bande L1/E1, et une antenne à résonateur diélectrique centrale (16) qui est située au centre de la plaque de base (12) dans une direction radiale entre les quatre antennes à résonateur diélectrique L1/E1 (14a-14d) et qui fonctionne dans l'une des bandes E5, L5, L2, E6. L'antenne selon l'invention peut avoir des dimensions particulièrement compactes, par exemple un diamètre de 150 voire 90 millimètres et une hauteur axiale de 30 ou 20 millimètres.
PCT/EP2019/054556 2018-03-02 2019-02-25 Antenne à diagramme de rayonnement commandé Ceased WO2019166360A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102018203191.6A DE102018203191A1 (de) 2018-03-02 2018-03-02 Controlled Radiation Pattern Antenne
DE102018203191.6 2018-03-02

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2019166360A1 true WO2019166360A1 (fr) 2019-09-06

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2019/054556 Ceased WO2019166360A1 (fr) 2018-03-02 2019-02-25 Antenne à diagramme de rayonnement commandé

Country Status (2)

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DE (4) DE102018203191A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2019166360A1 (fr)

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5880695A (en) * 1998-02-05 1999-03-09 Astron Corporation Antenna system for wireless comunication systems
EP1674882A1 (fr) * 2004-12-27 2006-06-28 TDK Corporation Dispositif de radar
WO2016061187A1 (fr) * 2014-10-15 2016-04-21 Rogers Corporation Appareil de réseau, matériel de circuit, et ensemble les comprenant

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6292141B1 (en) * 1999-04-02 2001-09-18 Qualcomm Inc. Dielectric-patch resonator antenna
US20150346345A1 (en) * 2011-09-19 2015-12-03 Ohio University Global navigation systems antenna
DE102015220372B3 (de) * 2015-10-20 2016-10-06 Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. Multiband-GNSS Antenne

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5880695A (en) * 1998-02-05 1999-03-09 Astron Corporation Antenna system for wireless comunication systems
EP1674882A1 (fr) * 2004-12-27 2006-06-28 TDK Corporation Dispositif de radar
WO2016061187A1 (fr) * 2014-10-15 2016-04-21 Rogers Corporation Appareil de réseau, matériel de circuit, et ensemble les comprenant

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
CAIZZONE STEFANO ET AL: "Compact 6+1 antenna array for robust GNSS applications", 2016 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON LOCALIZATION AND GNSS (ICL-GNSS), IEEE, 28 June 2016 (2016-06-28), pages 1 - 4, XP032938918, DOI: 10.1109/ICL-GNSS.2016.7533853 *
VOLAKIS JOHN L ET AL: "Small and Adaptive Antennas and Arrays for GNSS Applications", PROCEEDINGS OF THE IEEE, IEEE. NEW YORK, US, vol. 104, no. 6, 1 June 2016 (2016-06-01), pages 1221 - 1232, XP011610462, ISSN: 0018-9219, [retrieved on 20160518], DOI: 10.1109/JPROC.2016.2528165 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE202018002041U1 (de) 2019-03-06
DE202018002096U1 (de) 2019-03-06
DE202018002095U1 (de) 2019-03-07
DE102018203191A1 (de) 2019-09-05

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