WO2019165812A1 - 一种负荷开关三工位机构 - Google Patents

一种负荷开关三工位机构 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019165812A1
WO2019165812A1 PCT/CN2018/118150 CN2018118150W WO2019165812A1 WO 2019165812 A1 WO2019165812 A1 WO 2019165812A1 CN 2018118150 W CN2018118150 W CN 2018118150W WO 2019165812 A1 WO2019165812 A1 WO 2019165812A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
plate
arm
switch operating
interlocking
frame
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Application number
PCT/CN2018/118150
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
夏从安
王安心
余希
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默飓电气有限公司
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 默飓电气有限公司 filed Critical 默飓电气有限公司
Publication of WO2019165812A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019165812A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H31/00—Air-break switches for high tension without arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H31/003—Earthing switches
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H31/00—Air-break switches for high tension without arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H31/02—Details
    • H01H31/04—Interlocking mechanisms
    • H01H31/10—Interlocking mechanisms for interlocking two or more switches
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/32—Driving mechanisms, i.e. for transmitting driving force to the contacts
    • H01H3/38—Driving mechanisms, i.e. for transmitting driving force to the contacts using spring or other flexible shaft coupling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H31/00—Air-break switches for high tension without arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H31/02—Details
    • H01H31/026—Movable parts and contacts mounted thereon

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a three-station mechanism, and more particularly to a three-station operating mechanism for a load switch.
  • the mission of the load switch is to realize the turning on and off of the circuit through the splitting and closing action of the contacts, and the splitting and closing action of the contacts is realized by the operating mechanism.
  • the existing operating mechanism has a complicated structure, is difficult to manufacture, and is cumbersome to operate.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a three-station mechanism of a load switch, which can realize a three-station switching operation of closing-opening-grounding through two input stations and one output station, and has a compact structure and is used. Convenience.
  • a load switch three-station mechanism includes a frame, a grounding switch operating device, a closing switch operating device, a three-station output device and an electric device are arranged on the frame, and the three-station output device comprises a rigidly connected output bushing
  • the first arm, the output sleeve is rotatably engaged with the frame, one side of the first arm is provided with a differential plate, the differential plate is provided with a first sliding slot, and the other side of the first arm is provided a first driving pin, the first driving pin is rotatably connected to the first connecting rod, and a spring energy storage device is disposed between the grounding switch operating device and the main switch operating device, and one end of the grounding switch operating device protrudes from the frame Side and can be rotated by manual driving to drive the spring energy storage device for energy storage.
  • the storage device can release the grounding switch operating device to continue to rotate, and the grounding switch operating device passes the first A sliding slot drives the three-station output device to rotate to output torque; one end of the main switch operating device protrudes from the same side of the frame and can be rotated by electric or manual driving to drive the spring energy storage device.
  • the release of the storage device enables the main switch operating device to continue to rotate, and the main switch operating device drives the three-station output through the first connecting rod and the first driving pin. The device rotates to output torque.
  • the frame includes a first frame plate and a second frame plate, and the first frame plate and the second frame plate are fixedly connected by a pillar.
  • the grounding switch operating device includes a grounding switch operating shaft, a second arm, and a second driving pin disposed between the second arm, the grounding switch operating shaft being rotatably engaged with the first frame plate.
  • the main switch operating device includes a main switch operating shaft, a third crank arm, and a third drive pin disposed between the third arm, the main switch operating shaft being rotatably engaged with the first frame plate.
  • the spring energy storage device comprises a compression spring, a first pressure spring head and a second pressure spring head, and the first pressure spring head and the second pressure spring head are connected by a retractable fourth link, and the compression spring sleeve is arranged On the fourth link, the first compression spring head is rotatably mounted on the second drive pin, and the second compression spring head is rotatably mounted on the third drive pin.
  • the device further includes a limiting device including a first limiting plate and a fifth rotating arm, wherein the first limiting plate and the fifth rotating arm are rotatably mounted on the main switch operating shaft, respectively, the first limit One end of the plate is provided with a stroke spring, and the other end is provided with a second limiting plate and a hook.
  • the second limiting plate is perpendicular to the first limiting plate and located outside the fifth rotating arm, and the first connecting rod is provided with The hook of the hook fits.
  • the device further includes a pointing device, the indicating device includes a signal shaft, the signal shaft is rotatably mounted between the first frame plate and the second frame plate, and the signal shaft is provided with a fifth link, and the fifth link is One end is coupled with the first arm, and the other end is connected to the micro switch.
  • One end of the signal shaft extends outside the first frame plate and is fixedly connected with the switch state indicator piece.
  • the first interlocking device further includes a first interlocking plate, and two ends of the first interlocking plate are respectively provided with a grounding switch operating shaft hole and a main switch operating shaft hole, and the grounding switch operating shaft
  • the hole and the main switch operating shaft hole are both half holes
  • the first interlocking plate is mounted on the first frame plate through the interlocking plate fixing piece, and the first interlocking plate can move along the interlocking plate fixing piece, and the moving stroke thereof satisfies
  • the first interlocking plate is provided with a travel slot
  • the travel slot is provided with a padlock slide
  • the padlock slide has a T shape, and the horizontal portion is located in the first interlocking plate, and the vertical portion protrudes out of the first interlocking plate and is provided with a protective cover.
  • the second interlocking device further includes a second interlocking plate, the second interlocking plate is disposed outside the lower portion of the first mechanism plate and is movable up and down, and the second interlocking plate is provided
  • An interlocking piece a grounding switch operating shaft is provided with a fourth turning arm, a fourth driving arm is provided with a fourth driving pin, and the first interlocking plate is provided with a moving groove of a fourth driving pin, and the fourth driving pin can be The movement in the movement groove is performed to cooperate with the interlocking piece to limit the second interlocking plate.
  • the electric device includes a motor, and the output shaft of the motor is fixedly connected with a fifth arm, the outer end of the fifth arm is rotatably connected to the fourth link, and the other end of the fourth link is provided with an arc portion.
  • a sixth arm is rotatably connected to the fourth link, and the sixth arm is sleeved on the main switch operating shaft through the opening of the middle portion, and the other end of the sixth arm is provided with an arc groove.
  • the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: (1) The present invention combines two input shafts into one by a three-station output device, and realizes the input of two shafts through one shaft output by improving the internal structure of the operating mechanism. Compact structure and strong adaptability.
  • the present invention unifies the torques input by the two operating shafts by connecting the connecting rod between the grounding switch operating shaft and the main switching operating shaft, and does not affect each other when inputting different torques, and different
  • the input torque enables independent output through an output shaft.
  • the present invention is provided with a limiting device on the main switch operating shaft, which can limit the connecting rod before the energy storage device is rotated into position, and prevent the three-station output device from rotating in advance.
  • the present invention provides a first interlocking plate between the grounding switch operating shaft and the main switch operating shaft, ensuring that the two switch operating shafts are not simultaneously outputted, thereby preventing the live operation of the main switch and the grounding of the main switch when it is closed.
  • the present invention also provides an interlocking device with the lower door of the switch cabinet, and prevents the grounding switch from being opened when the door is opened by the second interlocking piece.
  • the main switch operating shaft of the present invention can be driven by electric or manual means, and the electric drive structure and the manual drive structure do not interfere with each other, and the scope of application is wider.
  • Fig. 1 is an overall configuration diagram of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is an exploded view of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic illustration of the hidden frame and outer structure of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the energy storage of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a three-station mechanism of the present invention.
  • the present invention discloses a load switch three-station mechanism, which has two implementations of manual and electric, specifically including a frame, and a grounding switch operating device and a closing switch are arranged on the frame.
  • the operating device and the three-station output device comprise a rigidly connected output bushing 1 and a first arm 2, the output bushing 1 being rotatably coupled to the frame, one side of the first arm 2 being provided
  • the differential plate 3 is provided with a first sliding slot 4, and the other side of the first arm 2 is provided with a first driving pin 5, and the first driving pin 5 is rotatably connected to the first connecting rod 6
  • a spring energy storage device is disposed between the grounding switch operating device and the main switch operating device, and one end of the grounding switch operating device protrudes from one side of the frame and can be rotated by manual driving to drive the spring energy storage device for energy storage.
  • the release reservoir can continue to rotate the grounding switch operating device, and the grounding switch operating device drives the three-station output device to rotate through the first sliding slot to output torque; the main switch operating device one of Extending on the same side of the frame and being able to rotate under manual driving to drive the spring energy storage device for energy storage.
  • the release storage enables the main switch operating device to continue to rotate.
  • the main switch operating device drives the three-station output device through the first link and the first driving pin to output torque, the same shaft output is realized.
  • the frame includes a first frame plate 7 and a second frame plate 8, and the first frame plate 7 and the second frame plate 8 are fixedly connected by the pillars 9.
  • the grounding switch operating device includes a grounding switch operating shaft 10, a second arm 11 and a second driving pin 12 disposed between the second arm 11, and the grounding switch operating shaft 10 and the first frame plate 7 are rotatable through the sleeve In cooperation, the outer end protrudes beyond the first frame plate 7.
  • the main switch operating device includes a main switch operating shaft 13, a third arm 14 and a third drive pin 15 disposed between the third arm 14.
  • the main switch operating shaft 13 and the first frame plate 7 are rotatable through the sleeve. In cooperation, the outer end also protrudes beyond the first frame plate 7.
  • the spring energy storage device comprises a compression spring 16, a first pressure spring head 17 and a second pressure spring head 18, and the first pressure spring head 17 and the second pressure spring head 18 are connected by a retractable fourth link 19, and the pressure is applied.
  • the spring 16 is sleeved on the fourth link 19, the first compression spring head 17 is rotatably mounted on the second drive pin 12, and the second compression spring head 18 is rotatably mounted on the third drive pin 15 when grounded
  • the switch operating device rotates, the first pressure spring head 17 is compressed to compress the compression spring 16 to perform energy storage; when the main switch operating device rotates, the second pressure spring head 18 compresses the compression spring 16 in the opposite direction to perform energy storage.
  • the three-station mechanism of the present invention further includes a limiting device.
  • the limiting device includes a first limiting plate 20 and a fifth rotating arm 42.
  • the first limiting plate 20 is rotatably mounted on the main switch.
  • the fifth arm 42 is also rotatably mounted on the main switch operating shaft 13.
  • the first limiting plate 20 is provided with a stroke spring 21 at one end and a second limiting plate 22 and a hook at the other end.
  • the first link 6 is provided with a notch 24 that cooperates with the hook
  • the second limiting plate 22 is perpendicular to the first limiting plate 20 and located outside the fifth arm 42 so that the second limit The plate 22 can slide along the outer side of the fifth arm 42.
  • the fifth arm 42 does not affect the swing of the second limiting plate 22, but the fifth arm 42 is provided with a sliding slot of the third driving pin 15, when the main When the switch operating shaft 13 rotates, the third driving pin 15 can move in the sliding slot of the fifth arm 42 to drive the third arm 14 to rotate to interfere with the second limiting plate 22 and the second limiting plate 22 is upward.
  • the stroke spring 21 is stretched to accumulate energy, so that the hook 23 and the notch 24 are disengaged from each other, and the first link 6 can be rotated, three The bit output device can output the torque.
  • the stroke spring 21 releases the storage to reset the first limiting plate 20 for the next time.
  • the back of the fifth arm 42 is further provided with a sliding pin
  • the second mechanism plate 8 is provided with a movable slot of the sliding pin, and the sliding pin can slide back and forth within a range defined by the movable slot, thereby defining the first The range of rotation of the five arm 42.
  • the three-station mechanism of the present invention further includes indicating means including a signal shaft 25 rotatably mounted between the first frame plate 7 and the second frame plate 8, A fifth link 26 is disposed on the signal shaft 25, and one end of the fifth link 26 is coupled with the first arm 2, and the other end is connected to the micro switch 27.
  • One end of the signal shaft 25 extends from the first frame plate 7.
  • the switch state indicating piece 28 is fixedly connected to the outside, and when the ground switch operating device or the main switch operating device rotates to drive the three-station output device to rotate and output torque, the first arm 2 on the three-station output device drives the fifth link
  • the lever 26 rotates to trigger the micro switch 27, and the micro switch 27 outputs an electronic indication.
  • the fifth link 26 rotates to drive the signal shaft 25 to rotate, so that the switch state indicating piece 28 also rotates, thereby operating in the three-station mechanism.
  • the corresponding condition is indicated on the outer casing, such as closing, opening or grounding.
  • the three-station mechanism of the present invention further includes a first interlocking device
  • the first interlocking device includes a first interlocking plate 29, and two ends of the first interlocking plate 29 are respectively provided with a grounding switch
  • the shaft hole 30 and the main switch operating shaft hole 31, the grounding switch operating shaft hole and the main switch operating shaft hole are both half holes
  • the first interlocking plate 29 is mounted on the first frame plate 7 through the interlocking plate fixing piece 32
  • the first interlocking plate 29 is movable along the interlocking plate fixing piece 32, and the moving stroke thereof satisfies: when the main switch operating shaft is exposed to the main switch operating hole, the other end of the first interlocking plate covers the grounding switch operating axis, and vice versa
  • it is ensured that the grounding switch operating shaft and the main switch operating shaft are not exposed at the same time, thereby preventing the isolating switch from being operated electrically.
  • the first interlocking plate 29 is provided with a stroke groove 33.
  • the stroke groove 33 is provided with a padlock slide 34.
  • the padlock slide 34 has a T shape, and the horizontal portion thereof is located in the first interlocking plate 29, and the vertical portion protrudes from the first joint.
  • a protective sleeve 35 is provided outside the lock plate 29, and the first interlocking plate 29 can be moved by pushing the padlock slide 34.
  • the three-station mechanism of the present invention further includes a second interlocking device, the second interlocking device includes a second interlocking plate 36, and the second interlocking plate 36 is disposed at a lower portion of the first mechanism plate 7.
  • the outer side of the second interlocking plate 36 is provided with an interlocking piece 37
  • the grounding switch operating shaft 10 is provided with a fourth turning arm 38
  • the fourth turning arm 38 is provided with a fourth driving pin 39
  • first The movement plate 40 of the fourth driving pin 39 is disposed on the interlocking plate, and the fourth driving pin 39 is movable in the moving groove 40 to cooperate with the interlocking piece 37 to limit the second interlocking plate 36.
  • the present invention is further provided with a key lock 41.
  • the key lock 41 When the key lock 41 is locked, the first interlocking plate 29 blocks the main switch operating shaft 13.
  • the key of the key lock 41 is the same as the key of the lower door, and the upper and lower doors must be locked first.
  • the key lock 41 is opened to ensure that the opening operation of the grounding switch cannot be performed when the door is opened.
  • the closing operation of the main switch operating shaft can be realized by an electric method.
  • the second frame plate 8 is further provided with a motor 43, and the output shaft of the motor 43 is fixedly connected with a fifth turn.
  • the outer end of the arm 44 and the fifth arm 44 is rotatably connected to the fourth link 45.
  • the other end of the fourth link 45 is provided with an arc portion 46, and the fourth link 45 is rotatably connected with the sixth link.
  • the arm 47 and the sixth arm 47 are sleeved on the main switch operating shaft 13 through the opening of the middle portion thereof.
  • the other end of the sixth arm 47 is provided with an arcuate groove 48, and the middle portion of the fourth link 45 is provided with a notch 49.
  • the notch 49 can be coupled with the sliding plate on the fifth arm 42.
  • the motor shaft drives the fifth arm 44 to rotate, and the fifth arm drives the fourth link 45 to rotate.
  • 45 drives the third arm 14 to rotate, and the following principle is the same as the manual driving, and will not be described again.
  • the arc portion 46 outside the fourth link 45 can be rotated along with the shape to be turned to the middle position. When the position is achieved, no interference occurs, and at the same time, the outer side of the curved portion 46 has no sharp pointed angle, and does not rotate. And other institutions outside the structure of the present invention interfere.
  • the middle portion of the fourth link 45 is provided with a notch 49 which is formed in a trapezoidal shape, and one side of the fifth arm 42 is provided with a slit matching the shape of the trapezoid in the notch 49 in the middle of the fourth link 45.
  • the fourth link 45 rotates clockwise in the figure, the two trapezoidal oblique sides of the middle notch 49 will contact and interfere with the slit of the fifth arm 42, and the fourth link 45 can drive the first
  • the fifth arm 42 rotates, and since the rotation of the fifth arm 42 is restricted by the third driving pin 15, the fifth arm 42 has a limit position of rotation, and the limit position is also the rotation of the fourth link 45. The extreme position.

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  • Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)
  • Mechanisms For Operating Contacts (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供一种负荷开关三工位机构，包括机架，机架上设有接地开关操作装置、合闸开关操作装置以及三工位输出装置，三工位输出装置包括刚性连接的输出轴套和第一拐臂，输出轴套与机架可转动配合，第一拐臂的一侧设有差动板，差动板上设有第一滑动槽，第一拐臂的另一侧设有第一传动销，第一传动销上可转动地连接第一连杆，当弹簧储能装置转过最大储能位置时，释放储能使主开关操作装置继续转动，此时主开关操作装置通过第一连杆和第一传动销带动三工位输出装置转动从而输出扭矩。本发明能够通过两个输入工位和一个输出工位来实现合闸-分闸-接地的三工位切换操作，结构紧凑，使用方便。

Description

一种负荷开关三工位机构 技术领域
本发明涉及三工位机构，尤其涉及用于负荷开关的三工位操作机构。
背景技术
负荷开关的使命是通过触头的分、合动作来实现电路的接通和断开，而触头的分、合动作是通过操作机构来实现的。现有的操作机构结构复杂，制造难度大且操作繁琐。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种负荷开关三工位机构，能够通过两个输入工位和一个输出工位来实现合闸-分闸-接地的三工位切换操作，结构紧凑，使用方便。
本发明解决技术问题所采用的技术方案是：
一种负荷开关三工位机构，包括机架，机架上设有接地开关操作装置、合闸开关操作装置、三工位输出装置和电动装置，三工位输出装置包括刚性连接的输出轴套和第一拐臂，输出轴套与机架可转动配合，第一拐臂的一侧设有差动板，差动板上设有第一滑动槽，第一拐臂的另一侧设有第一传动销，第一传动销上可转动地连接第一连杆，接地开关操作装置和主开关操作装置之间设有弹簧储能装置，接地开 关操作装置的一端伸出于机架的一侧并且能够在手动驱动下转动从而带动弹簧储能装置进行储能，当弹簧储能装置转过最大储能位置时，释放储能使接地开关操作装置继续转动，此时接地开关操作装置通过第一滑动槽带动三工位输出装置转动从而输出扭矩；主开关操作装置的一端伸出于机架的同一侧并能够在电动或手动驱动下转动从而带动弹簧储能装置进行储能，当弹簧储能装置转过最大储能位置时，释放储能使主开关操作装置继续转动，此时主开关操作装置通过第一连杆和第一传动销带动三工位输出装置转动从而输出扭矩。
进一步地，机架包括第一机架板和第二机架板，第一机架板和第二机架板之间通过支柱固定连接。
进一步地，接地开关操作装置包括接地开关操作轴、第二拐臂以及设置在第二拐臂之间的第二传动销，接地开关操作轴与第一机架板可转动配合。
进一步地，主开关操作装置包括主开关操作轴、第三拐臂以及设置在第三拐臂之间的第三传动销，主开关操作轴与第一机架板可转动配合。
进一步地，弹簧储能装置包括压簧、第一压簧头和第二压簧头，第一压簧头和第二压簧头之间通过可伸缩的第四连杆连接，压簧套设在第四连杆上，第一压簧头可转动地安装在第二传动销上，第二压簧头可转动地安装在第三传动销上。
进一步地，还包括限位装置，限位装置包括第一限位板和第五拐臂，第一限位板和第五拐臂分别可转动地安装在主开关操作轴上，第 一限位板的一端设有行程弹簧，另一端设有第二限位板和卡钩，第二限位板垂直于第一限位板且位于第五拐臂的外侧，第一连杆上设有与卡钩配合的凹口。
进一步地，还包括指示装置，指示装置包括信号轴，信号轴可转动地安装在第一机架板和第二机架板之间，信号轴上设有第五连杆，第五连杆的一端与第一拐臂联动配合，另一端连接微动开关，信号轴的一端伸出于第一机架板外侧并固定连接有开关状态指示片。
进一步地，还包括第一联锁装置，第一联锁装置包括第一联锁板，第一联锁板的两端分别设有接地开关操作轴孔和主开关操作轴孔，接地开关操作轴孔和主开关操作轴孔均为半孔，第一联锁板通过联锁板固定片安装在第一机架板上，第一联锁板能够沿联锁板固定片移动，其移动行程满足：当主开关操作轴露出于主开关操作孔时，第一联锁板的另一端遮住接地开关操作轴，反之亦然；第一联锁板上设有行程槽，行程槽内设有挂锁滑板，挂锁滑板呈T形，其横部位于第一联锁板内，竖部伸出于第一联锁板之外并设有保护套。
进一步地，还包括第二联锁装置，第二联锁装置包括第二联锁板，第二联锁板设置在第一机构板下部的外侧并能够上下移动，第二联锁板上设有联锁片，接地开关操作轴上设有第四拐臂，第四拐臂上设有第四传动销，第一联锁板上设有第四传动销的移动槽，第四传动销能够在移动槽内移动从而与联锁片配合对第二联锁板进行限位。
进一步地，电动装置包括电机，电机的输出轴上固定连接有第五拐臂，第五拐臂的外端可转动地连接第四连杆，第四连杆的另一端设 有弧形部，第四连杆上可转动地连接有第六拐臂，第六拐臂通过其中部的开孔套设在主开关操作轴上，第六拐臂的另一端设有弧形槽。
本发明的有益效果是：(1)本发明通过三工位输出装置，将两个输入轴合二为一，通过对操作机构内部结构的改进，实现了两个轴的输入通过一个轴输出，结构紧凑，适配性强。
(2)本发明通过设置在接地开关操作轴和主开关操作轴之间的连杆，将两个操作轴输入的力矩统一起来，在不同力矩输入时相互之间不会影响，并且，不同的输入力矩能够通过一个输出轴实现独立的输出。
(3)本发明在主开关操作轴上设置了限位装置，能够在储能装置转动到位之前对连杆进行限位，防止三工位输出装置提前转动。
(4)本发明在接地开关操作轴和主开关操作轴之间设置了第一联锁板，确保两个开关操作轴不会同时输出，从而防止带电操作主开关以及主开关闭合时接地。
(5)本发明还设置了与开关柜下门的联锁装置，通过第二联锁片，防止开门时分接地开关。
(6)本发明的主开关操作轴可以通过电动或手动的方式驱动，且电动的驱动结构和手动的驱动结构不会相互干涉，适用范围更广。
附图说明
图1是本发明的整体结构图。
图2是本发明的爆炸图。
图3是本发明隐去机架及外部结构的示意图。
图4是本发明的储能原理图。
图5是本发明的三工位机构的原理图。
图中标号：输出轴套1，第一拐臂2，差动板3，第一滑动槽4，第一传动销5，第一连杆6，第一机架板7，第二机架板8，支柱9，接地开关操作轴10，第二拐臂11，第二传动销12，主开关操作轴13，第三拐臂14，第三传动销15，压簧16、第一压簧头17，第二压簧头18，第四连杆19，第一限位板20，行程弹簧21，第二限位板22，卡钩23，凹口24，信号轴25，第五连杆26，微动开关27，开关状态指示片28，第一联锁板29，接地开关操作轴孔30，主开关操作轴孔31，联锁板固定片32，行程槽33，挂锁滑板34，保护套35，第二联锁板36，联锁片37，第四拐臂38，第四传动销39，钥匙锁41，第五拐臂42，电机43，第五拐臂44，第四连杆45，弧形部46，第六拐臂47，弧形槽48，缺口49。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图对本发明的具体实施方案做进一步详细说明，应当指出的是，实施例只是对本发明的具体阐述，不应视为对本发明的限定。
如图所示，本发明公开了一种负荷开关三工位机构，该三工位机构具有手动和电动两种实现方式，具体包括机架，机架上设有接地开关操作装置、合闸开关操作装置以及三工位输出装置，三工位输出装 置包括刚性连接的输出轴套1和第一拐臂2，输出轴套1与机架可转动配合，第一拐臂2的一侧设有差动板3，差动板3上设有第一滑动槽4，第一拐臂2的另一侧设有第一传动销5，第一传动销5上可转动地连接第一连杆6，接地开关操作装置和主开关操作装置之间设有弹簧储能装置，接地开关操作装置的一端伸出于机架的一侧并且能够在手动驱动下转动从而带动弹簧储能装置进行储能，当弹簧储能装置转过最大储能位置时，释放储能使接地开关操作装置继续转动，此时接地开关操作装置通过第一滑动槽带动三工位输出装置转动从而输出扭矩；主开关操作装置的一端伸出于机架的同一侧并能够在手动驱动下转动从而带动弹簧储能装置进行储能，当弹簧储能装置转过最大储能位置时，释放储能使主开关操作装置继续转动，此时主开关操作装置通过第一连杆和第一传动销带动三工位输出装置转动从而输出扭矩，实现同一个轴输出。
具体来说，机架包括第一机架板7和第二机架板8，第一机架板7和第二机架板8之间通过支柱9固定连接。
接地开关操作装置包括接地开关操作轴10、第二拐臂11以及设置在第二拐臂11之间的第二传动销12，接地开关操作轴10与第一机架板7通过轴套可转动配合，其外端伸出于第一机架板7之外。
主开关操作装置包括主开关操作轴13、第三拐臂14以及设置在第三拐臂14之间的第三传动销15，主开关操作轴13与第一机架板7通过轴套可转动配合，其外端也伸出于第一机架板7之外。
弹簧储能装置包括压簧16、第一压簧头17和第二压簧头18，第一压簧头17和第二压簧头18之间通过可伸缩的第四连杆19连接，压簧16套设在第四连杆19上，第一压簧头17可转动地安装在第二传动销12上，第二压簧头18可转动地安装在第三传动销15上，当接地开关操作装置转动时，会带动第一压簧头17压缩压簧16从而进行储能；当主开关操作装置转动时，第二压簧头18会反方向压缩压簧16从而进行储能。
作为一种优选的方式，本发明的三工位机构还包括限位装置，限位装置包括第一限位板20和第五拐臂42，第一限位板20可转动地安装在主开关操作轴13上，第五拐臂42也是可转动地安装在主开关操作轴13上，第一限位板20的一端设有行程弹簧21，另一端设有第二限位板22和卡钩23，第一连杆6上设有与卡钩23配合的凹口24，第二限位板22垂直于第一限位板20且位于第五拐臂42的外侧，这样，第二限位板22就可以沿第五拐臂42的外侧滑动，第五拐臂42不会影响第二限位板22的摆动，但是第五拐臂42上设有第三传动销15的滑动槽，当主开关操作轴13转动时，第三传动销15能够在第五拐臂42的滑动槽内移动，带动第三拐臂14转动至与第二限位板22干涉并将第二限位板22向上顶起转动，此时拉伸行程弹簧21使其蓄能，从而使卡钩23与凹口24脱离干涉，此时第一连杆6便可转动，三工位输出装置便可以输出转矩，当一次输出完成后，第三拐臂14不再顶抵第二限位板22时，行程弹簧21释放蓄能使第一限位板20复位，为下次操作做准备，此外，第五拐臂42的背面还设有一 滑动销，第二机构板8上设有该滑动销的活动槽，滑动销能够在活动槽限定的范围内来回滑动，从而限定第五拐臂42的转动范围。
作为一种优选的方式，本发明的三工位机构还包括指示装置，指示装置包括信号轴25，信号轴25可转动地安装在第一机架板7和第二机架板8之间，信号轴25上设有第五连杆26，第五连杆26的一端与第一拐臂2联动配合，另一端连接微动开关27，信号轴25的一端伸出于第一机架板7外侧并固定连接有开关状态指示片28，当接地开关操作装置或者主开关操作装置转动带动三工位输出装置转动并输出扭矩时，三工位输出装置上的第一拐臂2带动第五连杆26转动，从而触发微动开关27，微动开关27输出电子指示，此外，第五连杆26转动带动信号轴25转动，于是开关状态指示片28也随之转动，从而在三工位机构的外壳上指示出所对应的状态，例如合闸、分闸或者接地。
作为一种优选的方式，本发明的三工位机构还包括第一联锁装置，第一联锁装置包括第一联锁板29，第一联锁板29的两端分别设有接地开关操作轴孔30和主开关操作轴孔31，接地开关操作轴孔和主开关操作轴孔均为半孔，第一联锁板29通过联锁板固定片32安装在第一机架板7上，第一联锁板29能够沿联锁板固定片32移动，其移动行程满足：当主开关操作轴露出于主开关操作孔时，第一联锁板的另一端遮住接地开关操作轴，反之亦然，确保接地开关操作轴和主开关操作轴不会同时露出，从而可以防止带电操作隔离开关。
第一联锁板29上设有行程槽33，行程槽33内设有挂锁滑板34，挂锁滑板34呈T形，其横部位于第一联锁板29内，竖部伸出于第一联锁板29之外并设有保护套35，可以通过拨动挂锁滑板34来移动第一联锁板29。
作为一种优选的方式，本发明的三工位机构还包括第二联锁装置，第二联锁装置包括第二联锁板36，第二联锁板36设置在第一机构板7下部的外侧并能够上下移动，第二联锁板36上设有联锁片37，接地开关操作轴10上设有第四拐臂38，第四拐臂38上设有第四传动销39，第一联锁板上设有第四传动销39的移动槽40，第四传动销39能够在移动槽40内移动从而与联锁片37配合对第二联锁板36进行限位，当主开关进行合闸操作时，第四拐臂38随之转动至第四传动销39处于移动槽40内靠近第二联锁板36的这一侧，此时恰好挡住联锁片37，第二联锁板36被锁住，此时第二联锁板锁住下门不允许开门，反之当主开关分闸时，第四拐臂38随之转动至第四传动销39处于移动槽40内远离第二联锁板36的这一侧，此时脱离与联锁片37的干涉，第二联锁板36被释放，允许开门。
此外，本发明还设有钥匙锁41，钥匙锁41锁上时，第一联锁板29挡住主开关操作轴13，钥匙锁41的钥匙与下门的钥匙相同，必须先锁上下门，才能打开钥匙锁41，从而确保在开门时无法进行接地开关的分闸操作。
在本发明中，主开关操作轴的合闸操作可以通过电动方式来实现，具体来说，在第二机架板8上还设有电机43，电机43的输出轴 上固定连接有第五拐臂44，第五拐臂44的外端可转动地连接第四连杆45，第四连杆45的另一端设有弧形部46，第四连杆45上可转动地连接有第六拐臂47，第六拐臂47通过其中部的开孔套设在主开关操作轴13上，第六拐臂47的另一端设有弧形槽48，第四连杆45的中部设有缺口49，该缺口49能够与第五拐臂42上的滑槽板联动配合，当电机启动时，电机轴带动第五拐臂44转动，第五拐臂带动第四连杆45转动，第四连杆45带动第三拐臂14转动，之后的原理与手动驱动相同，不再赘述，需要指出的是，第四连杆45外部的弧形部46能够随之转动，其形状能够在转到中间位置时实现让位，不会产生干涉，同时，弧形部46的外侧没有突出的尖角，转动时也不会和本发明的结构以外的其他机构发生干涉。
第四连杆45的中部设有缺口49，该缺口49成梯形状，第五拐臂42的一侧设有与第四连杆45中部的缺口49中梯形的两条斜边形状匹配的切口，当第四连杆45在图中顺时针方向转动时，其中部缺口49的两条梯形斜边会与第五拐臂42的切口接触并干涉，此时第四连杆45便能够带动第五拐臂42转动，由于第五拐臂42的转动是受到第三传动销15的限位的，因此，第五拐臂42有一个转动的极限位置，这个极限位置也是第四连杆45转动的极限位置。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种负荷开关三工位机构，包括机架，其特征是，机架上设有接地开关操作装置、合闸开关操作装置、三工位输出装置和电动装置，三工位输出装置包括刚性连接的输出轴套和第一拐臂，输出轴套与机架可转动配合，第一拐臂的一侧设有差动板，差动板上设有第一滑动槽，第一拐臂的另一侧设有第一传动销，第一传动销上可转动地连接第一连杆，接地开关操作装置和主开关操作装置之间设有弹簧储能装置，接地开关操作装置的一端伸出于机架的一侧并且能够在手动驱动下转动从而带动弹簧储能装置进行储能，当弹簧储能装置转过最大储能位置时，释放储能使接地开关操作装置继续转动，此时接地开关操作装置通过第一滑动槽带动三工位输出装置转动从而输出扭矩；主开关操作装置的一端伸出于机架的同一侧并能够在电动或手动驱动下转动从而带动弹簧储能装置进行储能，当弹簧储能装置转过最大储能位置时，释放储能使主开关操作装置继续转动，此时主开关操作装置通过第一连杆和第一传动销带动三工位输出装置转动从而输出扭矩。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种负荷开关三工位机构，其特征是，机架包括第一机架板和第二机架板，第一机架板和第二机架板之间通过支柱固定连接。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的一种负荷开关三工位机构，其特征是，接地开关操作装置包括接地开关操作轴、第二拐臂以及设置在第二拐臂之间的第二传动销，接地开关操作轴与第一机架板可转动配合。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的一种负荷开关三工位机构，其特征是， 主开关操作装置包括主开关操作轴、第三拐臂以及设置在第三拐臂之间的第三传动销，主开关操作轴与第一机架板可转动配合。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的一种负荷开关三工位机构，其特征是，弹簧储能装置包括压簧、第一压簧头和第二压簧头，第一压簧头和第二压簧头之间通过可伸缩的第二连杆连接，压簧套设在第二连杆上，第一压簧头可转动地安装在第二传动销上，第二压簧头可转动地安装在第三传动销上。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的一种负荷开关三工位机构，其特征是，还包括限位装置，限位装置包括第一限位板和第五拐臂，第一限位板和第五拐臂分别可转动地安装在主开关操作轴上，第一限位板的一端设有行程弹簧，另一端设有第二限位板和卡钩，第二限位板垂直于第一限位板且位于第五拐臂的外侧，第一连杆上设有与卡钩配合的凹口。
  7. 根据权利要求4所述的一种负荷开关三工位机构，其特征是，还包括指示装置，指示装置包括信号轴，信号轴可转动地安装在第一机架板和第二机架板之间，信号轴上设有第三连杆，第三连杆的一端与第一拐臂联动配合，另一端连接微动开关，信号轴的一端伸出于第一机架板外侧并固定连接有开关状态指示片。
  8. 根据权利要求4所述的一种负荷开关三工位机构，其特征是，还包括第一联锁装置，第一联锁装置包括第一联锁板，第一联锁板的两端分别设有接地开关操作轴孔和主开关操作轴孔，接地开关操作轴孔和主开关操作轴孔均为半孔，第一联锁板通过联锁板固定片安装在第一机架板上，第一联锁板能够沿联锁板固定片移动，其移动行程满 足：当主开关操作轴露出于主开关操作孔时，第一联锁板的另一端遮住接地开关操作轴，反之亦然；第一联锁板上设有行程槽，行程槽内设有挂锁滑板，挂锁滑板呈T形，其横部位于第一联锁板内，竖部伸出于第一联锁板之外并设有保护套。
  9. 根据权利要求4所述的一种负荷开关三工位机构，其特征是，还包括第二联锁装置，第二联锁装置包括第二联锁板，第二联锁板设置在第一机构板下部的外侧并能够上下移动，第二联锁板上设有联锁片，接地开关操作轴上设有第四拐臂，第四拐臂上设有第四传动销，第一联锁板上设有第四传动销的移动槽，第四传动销能够在移动槽内移动从而与联锁片配合对第二联锁板进行限位。
  10. 根据权利要求4所述的一种负荷开关三工位机构，其特征是，电动装置包括电机，电机的输出轴上固定连接有第五拐臂，第五拐臂的外端可转动地连接第四连杆，第四连杆的另一端设有弧形部，第四连杆上可转动地连接有第六拐臂，第六拐臂通过其中部的开孔套设在主开关操作轴上，第六拐臂的另一端设有弧形槽。
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