WO2019153809A1 - 一种电机驱动的内置悬架及位置限制式传动电动轮 - Google Patents

一种电机驱动的内置悬架及位置限制式传动电动轮 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019153809A1
WO2019153809A1 PCT/CN2018/114000 CN2018114000W WO2019153809A1 WO 2019153809 A1 WO2019153809 A1 WO 2019153809A1 CN 2018114000 W CN2018114000 W CN 2018114000W WO 2019153809 A1 WO2019153809 A1 WO 2019153809A1
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Prior art keywords
elastic
motor
wheel
suspension
damping
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PCT/CN2018/114000
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
秦宇迪
李博远
孟令盛
邹远棘
侯之超
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清华大学
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Application filed by 清华大学 filed Critical 清华大学
Publication of WO2019153809A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019153809A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K7/00—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel
    • B60K7/0007—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel the motor being electric
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/14—Structural association with mechanical loads, e.g. with hand-held machine tools or fans
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
    • H02K5/24—Casings; Enclosures; Supports specially adapted for suppression or reduction of noise or vibrations
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/10—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of vehicle power and its transmission system, and particularly relates to a motor-driven built-in suspension and a position-restricted transmission electric wheel.
  • new energy vehicles have more advantages such as environmental protection, energy conservation and energy security.
  • the core power source of new energy vehicles has gradually changed from engine to electric motor.
  • distributed drive forms such as hub motor drive, wheel motor drive, etc.
  • Driving stability The distributed motor drive form has received wide attention due to its unique advantages.
  • the distributed motor drive form still has many problems to be solved in practical applications.
  • the addition of the motor increases the unsprung mass of the vehicle, which not only deteriorates the ride comfort and safety of the vehicle, but also increases the difficulty of handling; at the same time, the motor and the wheel together receive the excitation of the road surface. Changes in the motor's magnetic gap, motor life and operational stability are all reduced.
  • the arrangement of the motor is also likely to cause the above problems.
  • a conventional built-in suspension integrated hub motor driven electric wheel (application number 201210018416.7) uses a plurality of elastic elements disposed outside the wheel, although the vibration characteristics of the hub motor are improved to some extent.
  • the internal space of the wheel is small, no large buffer displacement is allowed, and the damping component cannot be added, so that it cannot replace the function of the traditional vehicle suspension; at the same time, the transmission process of the driving force of the vehicle and the vibration damping process cannot be decoupled.
  • the object of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, and to provide a motor-driven built-in suspension and position-restricted transmission electric wheel, which has remarkable vibration damping effect, excellent dynamic characteristics, and is easy to design a vehicle. specialty.
  • a motor-driven built-in suspension and position-restricted transmission electric wheel includes a motor and a wheel, and the built-in suspension and the position-restricted transmission electric wheel further include a suspension damper mechanism and a position-restricted flexible transmission mechanism;
  • the suspension damper mechanism is composed of an elastic-damper mechanism support frame and at least one set of elastic-damper mechanisms; wherein the elastic-damper mechanism support frame is rotatably connected to the wheel; the elastic-damper mechanism support frame passes through each group
  • the elastic-damper mechanism is coupled to a motor stator that is adapted to be coupled to a vehicle, including but not limited to a suspension of a vehicle, a steering knuckle, a vehicle beam, a load-bearing body; the motor rotor passes the position a limited-type flexible transmission mechanism coupled to the wheel, the position-restricted flexible transmission mechanism for transmitting a force between the motor and the wheel, and a radial radial relative displacement of the motor and the
  • the motor-driven built-in suspension and the position-restricting transmission electric electric wheel greatly improve the motor of the distributed driving type since the electric wheel includes an elastic-damping damper mechanism support frame capable of relative rotation with the wheel
  • the vibration characteristics improve the ride comfort of the vehicle and enhance the comfort of the occupants.
  • the position-limiting flexible transmission mechanism is located inside the suspension damping mechanism;
  • the elastic-damping mechanism support frame is a cylindrical structure with one end open, and the closed end of the elastic-damping mechanism support frame
  • the outer side wall is coaxially connected to the hub center of the wheel by a rolling bearing or a sliding bearing;
  • the inner side wall of the elastic-damping mechanism support frame and the one end of the motor stator are respectively provided with the elasticity of each group - a first connecting member connected at both ends of the damping mechanism.
  • the position-limiting flexible transmission mechanism is located outside the suspension damper mechanism;
  • the elastic-damper mechanism support frame is integrally annular, and the outer sidewall of the elastic-damper mechanism support member passes the rolling bearing or sliding a bearing and an annular fixing member are rotatably connected to the rim of the wheel;
  • the elastic-damping mechanism support frame is assembled by two ring-shaped substructures having the same structure and symmetrically arranged, and the two rings are assembled after the ring
  • the outer side wall of the substructure forms a first groove that cooperates with the inner ring of the bearing;
  • the annular fixing member is fastened to the inner side wall of the rim of the wheel, and the rim provided on the wheel
  • the raised structures on the inner side walls together form a second groove that cooperates with the outer ring of the bearing;
  • the inner side wall of the elastic-damping mechanism support frame and the one end of the stator end of the motor are respectively provided with the elasticity of each group - a second connecting member connected at both ends of the damp
  • the motor and the position-limiting flexible transmission mechanism are both located inside the suspension damping mechanism, and the motor is offset from a rotating shaft of the wheel;
  • the elastic-damping mechanism supporting frame is one end An open cylindrical structure;
  • the position-restricted flexible transmission mechanism includes a chain, two sprockets located in the same plane, and between the two of the sprockets and fixed to the inner side of the elastic-damper mechanism support frame a sprocket tensioning mechanism on the wall; wherein a center of the closed end of the elastic-damping mechanism support frame is provided with a rolling bearing or a sliding bearing, and the bearing is coaxially connected with the center of the hub of the wheel through a short shaft, One end of the stub shaft is embedded at the center of the hub, and the other end is embedded in the center of one of the sprockets in the elastic-damper mechanism support frame; the other of the sprockets is the same as the rotor of the motor The shaft is fixed, and the two s
  • each set of the elastic-damping mechanism is composed of a matching damping mechanism and an elastic mechanism
  • the elastic mechanism is an elastic element
  • the damping mechanism is a damping element
  • the damping element is located in the elastic element. internal.
  • the position-limiting flexible transmission mechanism adopts an annular flexible steel cable; the two ends of the flexible steel cable are respectively connected to the inner wall of the rim of the wheel and the motor rotor.
  • the motor-driven built-in suspension and position-restricted transmission electric wheel of the invention have the following characteristics and beneficial effects:
  • the electric wheel proposed by the present invention innovatively introduces an elastic-damping damper mechanism support frame that can rotate relative to the wheel, which greatly improves the vibration characteristics of the motor in the distributed drive mode.
  • the hub motor becomes a true sprung mass, which plays a role in protecting the motor and extending the life of the motor.
  • the rideability of the vehicle has also been improved and the comfort of the rider has been improved.
  • the invention adopts a complete built-in elastic-damping mechanism, and has excellent vibration damping characteristics.
  • the damping component which can replace the traditional vehicle suspension; the motor becomes the sprung mass and reduces the unsprung mass. It not only improves the vibration characteristics of the motor, but also improves the ride comfort of the vehicle; the internal suspension space of the wheel is large, and the active control and vibration energy recovery mechanism can be added inside the suspension damping mechanism to further improve the ride comfort of the vehicle. , to reduce vibration, recover the energy in part of the vibration process, and improve the energy utilization rate of the whole vehicle.
  • the invention is easy to design for vehicle dynamics.
  • the introduction of a position-limited flexible transmission mechanism acts as a force transmission and allows radial displacement of the motor and the wheel to match the operational requirements of the built-in suspension damping mechanism. Thereby, the transmission process of the driving force of the vehicle is decoupled from the damping process.
  • the position-limited flexible transmission mechanism only serves as a driving force transmission function and does not affect the vibration-damping function; when the suspension vibration-damping mechanism acts as a vibration-damping function, it does not affect the transmission of the vehicle driving force.
  • the longitudinal dynamic characteristics and the vertical dynamic characteristics can be designed separately, and the suspension damping mechanism can realize different characteristics of vertical and vertical.
  • the invention has high transmission efficiency and simple structure arrangement. Like the existing electric wheel, the electric wheel of the invention eliminates the traditional power transmission device such as the clutch, the transmission, the transmission shaft, the final reducer, the differential and the transfer case, and has high mechanical transmission efficiency.
  • the invention has simple structure, is easy to implement, reduces the number of parts, is easy to maintain, and improves the overall life of the electric wheel.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • Embodiment 2 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • Embodiment 4 of the present invention is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
  • Electric wheel 100 motor 1, motor stator 1-1, motor rotor 1-2, position-limited flexible transmission mechanism 3, first sprocket 3-1, second sprocket 3-2, chain 3-3, sprocket Tensioning mechanism 3-4, wheel 4, lifting lug 4-1, convex structure 4-2, elastic damping mechanism 5, elastic mechanism 5-1, damping structure 5-2, elastic-damping mechanism support frame 6, first The connecting member 7, the rolling bearing 8, the second connecting member 9, the annular fixing member 10, the short shaft 11, and the third connecting member 12.
  • the motor-driven built-in suspension and position-restricted transmission electric wheel 100 of the present invention comprises a motor 1 and a wheel 4, and the electric wheel 100 further comprises a suspension damping mechanism and a position-limiting flexible transmission mechanism 3;
  • the suspension damping mechanism is The elastic-damping mechanism support frame 6 and at least one set of elastic-damping mechanism 5; wherein the elastic-damping mechanism support frame 6 is rotatably connected with the wheel 4.
  • the elastic-damping mechanism supports 6 frames through each set of elastic-damping mechanism 5 and electricity
  • the stator 1-1 is connected, and the motor stator 1-1 is connected to the vehicle, including but not limited to the suspension of the vehicle, the steering knuckle, the vehicle beam, and the load-bearing body.
  • the motor rotor 1-2 is connected to the wheel 4 via a position-restricted flexible transmission mechanism 3, and the position-restricted flexible transmission mechanism 3 is used for the transmission of force between the motor 1 and the wheel 4, and when the motor 1 and the wheel 4 are axially radial The force can still be transmitted during relative displacement.
  • the built-in suspension and the position-restricted transmission electric wheel 100 driven by the motor 1 of the present embodiment include a motor 1 and a wheel 4.
  • the electric wheel 100 further includes a suspension damper mechanism and a position-restricted flexible transmission mechanism 3 both located in the wheel 4, and the position-restricted flexible transmission mechanism 3 is located inside the suspension damper mechanism (ie, the position-restricted flexible transmission mechanism 3) Relative to the suspension damping mechanism is closer to the geometric center of the vehicle).
  • the motor 11 is an outer rotor motor 1, including a motor stator 1-1 and a motor rotor 1-2, and has the same structure as the existing motor 1.
  • the wheel 4 includes a tire, a rim and a hub, which are identical in construction to existing wheels.
  • the suspension damping mechanism is composed of an elastic-damping mechanism support frame 6 and four sets of elastic-damper mechanisms 5 located in the elastic-damping mechanism support frame 6 and uniformly disposed in the circumferential direction. It should be noted here that considering that the excessively disposed elastic-damping mechanism 5 increases the mass of the electric wheel 100 and makes the internal space crowded, the plurality of sets of the elastic-damper mechanism 5 may improve the vibration damping performance, so the elastic-damping mechanism
  • the number of groups of 5 is determined according to actual needs, and is not limited to four groups. Only two of the two groups arranged vertically are illustrated in Fig. 1, and the remaining horizontally arranged two groups are not shown.
  • the elastic-damping mechanism support frame 6 and the wheel 4 are disposed together with the wheel shaft, and the outer side wall of the elastic-damping mechanism support frame 6 is rotatably connected with the wheel hub.
  • the inner side wall of the elastic-damping mechanism support frame 6 is hinged to one end of the motor stator 1-1 through each set of elastic-damping mechanism 5 (other connection manners may be adopted, and only the degree of freedom required for the movement of the elastic-damping mechanism 5 is satisfied)
  • the other end of the motor stator 1-1 is fixedly connected to the suspension of the vehicle (in addition to the suspension, any of the knuckle, the vehicle beam or the load-bearing body of the vehicle).
  • the motor rotor 2 is hinged to the wheel 4 (such as a rim) by a position-restricted flexible transmission mechanism 3 (other connection means can be used, only the degree of freedom required for the movement of the elastic-damper mechanism 5 is required), the position-restricted flexible transmission
  • the mechanism 3 is used for the transmission of force between the motor 11 and the wheel 4, and the force can be transmitted when the motor 11 and the wheel 6 are axially displaced relative to each other.
  • the set of elastic-damping mechanisms 5 of the present embodiment is composed of a matching damping mechanism 5-2 and an elastic mechanism 5-1.
  • the elastic mechanism 5-1 is an elastic element
  • the damping mechanism 5-2 is a damping element
  • the damping element is located.
  • the interior of the elastic element. Only two sets of elastic elements and damping elements arranged vertically are shown in Fig. 1, the horizontally arranged elastic elements and damping elements being mounted in the same manner as the vertically arranged elastic and damping elements.
  • the elastic mechanism 5-1 and the damper mechanism 5-2 provided in this embodiment allow relative displacement between the motor stator 1-1 and the wheel 4. Two of the elastic elements and two damping elements are vertically arranged to ensure the vertical dynamics of the body and the motor 1. The other two elastic elements and the two damping elements are arranged longitudinally to ensure the longitudinal dynamics of the body and the motor 1.
  • Each of the elements in the elastic-damping mechanism 5 of the present embodiment is a conventional commercially available product such as a conventional spring and damper.
  • the position-restricted flexible transmission mechanism 3 of the present embodiment is an annular flexible steel cable.
  • One end of the annular flexible steel cable is hinged with a lifting lug disposed outside the rotor 1-2 of the motor, and the other end of the annular flexible steel cable is disposed on the inner wall of the rim.
  • the lifting lugs are hinged.
  • the position-restricted flexible transmission mechanism 3 is only subjected to the one-way tensile force and is not subjected to the pressure, so that the force can be transmitted when the motor 1 and the wheel 4 are radially displaced relative to each other.
  • the elastic-damping mechanism support frame 6 of the present embodiment is a cylindrical structure with an open end, which is U-shaped as a whole, and the closed end outer side wall of the elastic-damping mechanism support frame 6 is coaxial with the hub center of the wheel 4 through the rolling bearing 8
  • the rotational connection, in particular, the center of the hub of the wheel 4 is provided with a hole that is concentric with the wheel 4 and cooperates with the bearing outer ring of the rolling bearing 8.
  • the center of the elastic-damping mechanism support frame 6 is provided with a cylindrical protrusion which is concentric with the elastic-damping mechanism support frame 6, and cooperates with the bearing inner ring of the rolling bearing 8.
  • the inner side wall of the elastic-damping mechanism support frame 6 and the one end of the motor stator 1-1 are respectively provided with first connecting members 7 hinged to both ends of each set of elastic-damping mechanisms 5, specifically, the elastic-damping mechanism supporting frame 6
  • the inner side wall is provided with a hoisting structure, and the elastic-damping mechanism support frame 6 is hinged to one end of each damper mechanism 5-2 through a hoisting structure and a corresponding first connecting member 7 (using a damper mechanism connecting member), and each damper mechanism 5-
  • the other end is hingedly connected to one end of the motor stator 1-1 via a first connecting member 7 (using a conventional hinge structure), and the other end of the motor stator 1-1 is fixed to the vehicle by a suspension of the vehicle.
  • the rolling bearing 8 in this embodiment can be replaced by a sliding bearing, and the rest of the settings are unchanged.
  • the working principle of the electric wheel of the present embodiment is: during the running of the vehicle, the motor rotor 1-2 rotates, and the position-restricted flexible transmission mechanism 3 drives the wheel 4 to rotate, thereby realizing the function of forward and acceleration, and the wheel 4 and the motor rotor 1-2
  • the vehicle can also realize functions such as retreat, deceleration, and braking energy recovery.
  • the corresponding longitudinal dynamic characteristics of the vehicle are determined by the characteristics of the longitudinally disposed elastic-damping mechanism 5 in the suspension damping mechanism.
  • the motor rotor 1-2 acts by the force of the position-restricted flexible transmission mechanism 3 and the wheel 4, and the elastic-damping mechanism support frame 6 does not rotate relative to the motor stator 1-1, and when the road surface is undulating, the wheel 4 and the elasticity are -
  • the axis of the damper mechanism support frame 6 is radially displaced relative to the axis of the motor 1, thereby mitigating vibration.
  • the corresponding vehicle vertical dynamics are determined by the characteristics of the vertically-arranged elastic-damper mechanism 5 in the suspension damping mechanism.
  • the wheel 4 is subjected to random impact loads from the road surface. When the electric wheel 100 is subjected to an impact load, the tire and The elastic-damper mechanism 5 absorbs the energy of the impact load by deformation, and prevents the impact load from affecting the motor 1.
  • the central axis of the motor stator 1-1 is at a position above the central axis of the wheel 4 (the specific embodiment may adopt: for the vertically arranged elastic element and The damping element, the initial length of the element located above is lower than the elastic modulus of the lower or upper elastic element is less than below, thereby ensuring that the flexible cable below the motor 1 or the flexible transmission mechanism 3 is in tension.
  • the motor stator 1-1 and the wheel 4 generate a radial relative displacement of the shaft center when encountering road surface protrusions and impacts.
  • the flexible cable that was previously tensioned under the motor 1 will be in a relaxed state, the difference in the rotational speed of the motor rotor 1-2 and the wheel 4, and the radial movement of the rotors of the motor rotor 1-2 and the wheel 4 may cause the flexible cable to re-introduction. In a tensioned state, the force is transmitted.
  • the built-in suspension and the position-restricted transmission electric wheel 100 driven by the motor 1 of the present embodiment include the motor 1 and the wheel 4.
  • the electric wheel 100 further includes a suspension damper mechanism and a position-restricted flexible transmission mechanism 3 both located in the wheel 4, and the position-restricted flexible transmission mechanism 3 is located outside the suspension damper mechanism (ie, the suspension damper mechanism is relative to the position)
  • the restricted flexible conveyor 3 is placed closer to the vehicle's geometric center).
  • the motor 1 is an outer rotor motor 1, which comprises a motor stator 1-1 and a motor rotor 1-2, and has the same structure as the existing motor 1.
  • the wheel 4 is a hubless wheel composed of a conventional tire and a rim, and the inner side of the wheel rim is provided with a lifting lug 4-1 and a raised structure 4-2, respectively.
  • the suspension damping mechanism is composed of an elastic-damping mechanism support frame 6 and at least one group disposed uniformly in the ring direction in the elastic-damping mechanism support frame 6 (the number of groups is selected according to the same embodiment 1, and four sets are used in the embodiment) Only two of the two groups arranged vertically, the remaining horizontally arranged two sets are not illustrated, the elastic-damping mechanism 5 are illustrated in FIG.
  • the elastic-damping mechanism support frame 6 and the wheel 4 are disposed together with the wheel shaft, and the outer side wall of the elastic-damping mechanism support frame 6 is rotatably connected with the rim of the wheel 4.
  • the inner side wall of the elastic-damping mechanism support frame 6 is hingedly connected to one end of the motor stator 1-1 through each set of elastic-damping mechanisms 5, and the other end of the motor stator 1-1 is connected to the knuckle of the vehicle (in addition to the knuckle, Any one of the suspension, the beam or the load-bearing body of the vehicle is fixedly connected.
  • the motor rotor 2 is hingedly connected to the wheel 4 (such as a rim) by a position-restricted flexible transmission mechanism 3, and the position-restricted flexible transmission mechanism 3 is used for the transmission of force between the motor 1 and the wheel 4, and when the motor 1 and the wheel 4 have an axis The force can still be transmitted when the heart is radially displaced relative to each other.
  • the elastic-damping mechanism support frame 6 of the present embodiment is generally an annular structure disposed coaxially with the wheel 4, and the annular structure is rotatably connected to the rim of the wheel 4 through the rolling bearing 8 and the annular fixing member 10, specifically, the annular structure
  • the two outer rings of the two annular substructures are identically formed and symmetrically arranged, and the outer side walls of the two annular substructures form a first groove (two rings) matching the inner ring of the bearing of the rolling bearing 8.
  • the substructures are respectively located on both sides of the bearing inner ring of the rolling bearing 8).
  • the annular fixing member 10 (the annular fixing member of the present embodiment has an L-shaped cross section) is fastened to the inner side wall of the rim of the wheel 4, and is formed together with the convex structure 4-2 provided on the inner side wall of the rim of the wheel 4. a second groove that cooperates with the bearing outer ring of the rolling bearing 8.
  • the coaxial rotation of the wheel 4 with the elastic-damping mechanism support 6 is achieved by the rolling bearing 8.
  • the inner side wall of the elastic-damping mechanism support frame 6 is hingedly connected to one end of each set of elastic-damper mechanisms 5 through a second connecting member 9 (using a damper mechanism connecting member), and the other end of each set of elastic-damping mechanisms is passed through the second connecting member 9 (using a conventional hinge structure) is hingedly connected to one end of the motor stator 1-1, and the other end of the motor stator 1-1 is fixed to the vehicle through the knuckle of the vehicle.
  • the rolling bearing 8 of the present embodiment can also be replaced by a sliding bearing, and the rest of the settings are unchanged.
  • the position-restricted flexible transmission mechanism 3 of the present embodiment adopts an annular flexible steel cable, and the flexible steel cable and the lifting lug 4-1 disposed on the inner side wall of the rim and the hoisting structure disposed on the outer side wall of the motor rotor 1-2, respectively. Hinged, the motor 1 is located at a hollow portion between the wheel 4 and the elastic-damping element mechanism support frame 6.
  • the implementation and arrangement of the position-restricted flexible transmission mechanism 3 in this embodiment are the same as those in the first embodiment.
  • the remaining components and working principles of this embodiment are the same as those of Embodiment 1, and are not described herein again.
  • the external rotation internal motor 1 in the second embodiment is changed to the inner rotor motor 1.
  • the inner rotor of the motor 1 is connected with the wheel 4 through a flexible steel cable, and the outer stator of the motor 1 is connected to the elastic-damper mechanism support frame 6 through an elastic-damping mechanism.
  • the rest is the same as Embodiment 2 and will not be described here.
  • the difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the annular flexible steel cable is replaced with a conventional chain, sprocket and chain tensioning mechanism.
  • the limited drive electric wheel 100 includes a motor 1 and a wheel 4.
  • the electric wheel 100 further includes a suspension damper mechanism 11 and a position-restricted flexible transmission mechanism 3 both located in the wheel 4, and the motor 11 and the position-limiting flexible transmission mechanism 3 are both located inside the suspension damper mechanism 11, and the motor 11 It is offset from the rotating shaft of the wheel 4.
  • the motor 11 is an outer rotor motor 1, and is composed of a motor stator 1-1 and a motor rotor 1-2, and has the same structure as the existing motor 1.
  • the wheel 4 includes a tire, a rim and a hub, which are identical in construction to existing wheels.
  • the suspension damping mechanism is composed of an elastic-damping mechanism support frame 6 and at least one set of elastic-damping mechanisms disposed in the elastic-damping mechanism support frame. Wherein, the elastic-damping mechanism support frame 6 and the wheel 4 are disposed together with the wheel shaft, and the elastic-damping mechanism support frame 6 is rotatably connected with the wheel hub.
  • the inner side wall of the elastic-damping mechanism support frame 6 is hingedly connected to one end of the motor stator 1-1 through each set of elastic-damping mechanism, and the other end of the motor stator 1-1 is connected with the vehicle beam (in addition to the vehicle beam, the vehicle is also Any one of the suspension, steering knuckle, or load-bearing body) is fixedly connected.
  • the motor rotor 2 is connected to the wheel 4 via a position-restricted flexible transmission mechanism 3, and the position-restricted flexible transmission 3 is configured for the transmission of force between the motor 11 and the wheel 4, and when the motor 11 and the wheel 4 are axially diametrically opposed The force can still be transmitted during displacement.
  • the elastic-damping mechanism support frame 6 of the present embodiment has a cylindrical structure with one end open, and is U-shaped as a whole.
  • the position-restricted flexible transmission mechanism includes a chain 3-3, a first sprocket 3-1 and a second sprocket 3-2 located in the same plane, and is located between the two sprocket wheels and fixed to the elastic-damper mechanism support frame 6 Sprocket tensioning mechanism 3-4 on the inner side wall.
  • the center of the closed end of the elastic-damping mechanism support frame 6 is provided with a rolling bearing 8 through which the rolling bearing is coaxially connected with the center of the hub of the wheel 4, and one end of the short shaft 11 is embedded at the center of the hub, and the other end is
  • the elastic-damping mechanism support frame 6 is embedded in the center of the sprocket 3-1, that is, the wheel 4, the elastic-damper mechanism support frame 6, and the sprocket 3-1 are arranged from the outside to the inside on the short axis 11 in the above order. .
  • the wheel 4 is axially offset from the motor 1, the sprocket 3-2 is coaxially fixed to the motor rotor 1-2, and the second sprocket 3-2 is connected to the first sprocket 3-1 on the wheel 4 via the chain 3-3. And the first sprocket 3-1 and the second sprocket 3-2 mesh with the chain 3-3 to transmit force.
  • the chain tensioning mechanism 3-4 is used to ensure that the chain 3-3 is in a constantly meshing state with the first sprocket 3-1 and the second sprocket 3-2, and the force transmission is performed in real time, and the chain tensioning mechanism 3-4 allows the wheel 4 In the case where the axial center of the motor 11 is displaced radially, the distribution of the chain 3-3 is adjusted, and the force is transmitted in real time when the radial displacement occurs.
  • the inner side wall of the elastic-damping mechanism support frame 6 is hingedly connected to one end of each set of elastic-damper mechanisms 5 through a third connecting member 12 (using a damper mechanism connecting member), and the other end of each set of elastic-damping mechanisms is passed through the third connecting member 12 (using a conventional hinge structure) is hingedly connected to one end of the motor stator 1-1, and the other end of the motor stator 1-1 is fixed to the vehicle by a knuckle of the vehicle.
  • the rolling bearing 8 of the present embodiment can also be replaced by a sliding bearing, and the rest of the settings are unchanged.
  • the central axis of the motor 11 does not coincide with the central axis of the wheel 4.
  • the chain 3-3 is always in mesh with the first sprocket 3-1 and the second sprocket 3-2 and is capable of transmitting a force. Under the action of the sprocket tensioning mechanism 3-4, the chain 3-3 is always in a tension state, and there is no diastolic state. The rest of the working principle is the same as in the first embodiment.
  • the external rotation internal motor 1 in the fourth embodiment is changed to the inner rotor motor 1, and the second sprocket 3-2 is coaxially fixed on the outer side of the inner rotor of the motor 1.
  • the first sprocket 3-1 on the inner side of the wheel 4 is arranged in the same manner as the embodiment. 4.
  • the outer stator of the motor 1 is connected to the elastic-damping mechanism support frame 6 through the elastic-damping mechanism 5, and the rest is the same as that of the embodiment 4, and details are not described herein again.
  • the motor 11 may be formed as the hub motor 1 or other forms of the motor 1.
  • the type of the motor 1 is not specifically limited herein.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract

一种电机驱动的内置悬架及位置限制式传动电动轮（100），属于电动车辆动力及其传动系统技术领域。该电动轮（100）包括电机（1）和车轮（4），以及均位于车轮（4）内的悬架减振机构和位置限制式柔性传动机构（3）；悬架减振机构由弹性-阻尼机构支撑架（6）和位于该弹性-阻尼机构支撑架（6）内的至少一组弹性-阻尼机构（5）组成；弹性-阻尼机构支撑架（6）与车轮（4）共转轴设置，且该支撑架（6）外侧壁与车轮（4）转动连接；该支撑架（6）内侧壁通过各组弹性-阻尼机构（5）与电机定子（1-1）的一端连接，电机定子（1-1）的另一端与车辆固定连接；电机（1）的转子（1-2）通过位置限制式柔性传动机构（3）与车轮（4）连接。

Description

一种电机驱动的内置悬架及位置限制式传动电动轮 技术领域
本发明属于车辆动力及其传动系统技术领域，特别涉及一种电机驱动的内置悬架及位置限制式传动电动轮。
背景技术
相比于传统的内燃机汽车，新能源汽车具有更加环保、节能、能源安全等优势，因此受到人们越来越多的关注。与传统内燃机汽车相比，新能源汽车的核心动力源从发动机逐渐转为电机。其中，分布式驱动形式，例如轮毂电机驱动、轮边电机驱动等布置方式可以不需要离合器、变速器、万向传动轴、主减速器、差速器、分动器，、传动节、半轴等，因此具有结构紧凑、动力传递效率高、节省车辆底盘空间、整车重心降低等优势；且分布式驱动的电机布置方式易于实施动力系统控制策略的优化，提升车辆的行驶动力学性能，提高车辆行驶稳定性。分布式电机驱动形式因具有以上独特优势而备受广泛关注。
然而，分布式电机驱动形式在实际应用中还存在诸多待解决的问题。例如：轮毂电机驱动形式中，电机的加入，增大了车辆的非簧载质量，不仅恶化了车辆平顺性和安全性，还增加了操纵难度；同时，电机与车轮共同接受路面的激励会导致电机磁隙的变化，电机寿命和工作稳定性等都有所降低。针对轮边电机驱动形式，电机的布置同样有可能带来上述问题。
已有专利关注轮毂电机驱动的车轮的减振问题。如现有的一种内置悬置集成式轮毂电机驱动电动轮(申请号为201210018416.7)，采用了多个设置在车轮外部的弹性元件，虽一定程度改善了轮毂电机的振动特性。但其车轮内部空间较小，不允许较大的缓冲位移，且未能增设阻尼部件，从而不能替代传统车辆悬架的功用；同时车辆的驱动力的传递过程与减振过程未能解耦，因此车辆的驱动与减振会互相影响，存在控制上的难点；纵向动力学特性与垂向动力学特性未能进行明显的分别设计，导致车辆的动力性、制动性会与车辆的平顺性相互干涉，在相关的控制算法上存在复杂性。
发明内容
本发明的目的是为了克服已有技术的不足之处，提供了一种电机驱动的内置悬架及位置限制式传动电动轮，具有减振效果显著、动力学特性优异、易于整车动力性设计的特点。
为了实现上述目的，本发明采用如下技术方案：
根据本发明实施例的电机驱动的内置悬架及位置限制式传动电动轮，包括电机和车轮，内置悬架及位置限制式传动电动轮还包括悬架减振机构和位置限制式柔性传动机构；所述悬架减振机构由弹性-阻尼机构支撑架和至少一组弹性-阻尼机构组成；其中，弹性-阻尼机构支撑架与所述车轮转动连接；所述弹性-阻尼机构支撑架通过各组所述弹性-阻尼机构与电机定子连接，所述电机定子适于与车辆连接，包括但不限于与车辆的悬架、转向节、车梁、承载式车身连接；所述电机转子通过所述位置限制式柔性传动机构与所述车轮连接，所述位置限制式柔性传动机构用于所述电机与所述车轮之间力的传递，且当所述电机与所述车轮发生轴心径向相对位移时仍可进行力的传递。
根据本发明实施例的电机驱动的内置悬架及位置限制传动电动电动轮，由于电动轮包括能够与车轮发生相对转动的弹性-阻尼减振机构支撑架，大大改善了分布式驱动形式中电机的振动特性，提升了车辆的平顺性，增强了乘坐人员的舒适度。
进一步地，所述位置限制式柔性传动机构位于所述悬架减振机构的内侧；所述弹性-阻尼机构支撑架为一端敞口的筒状结构，所述弹性-阻尼机构支撑架的闭口端外侧壁通过滚动轴承或滑动轴承与所述车轮的轮毂中心进行同轴的转动连接；所述弹性-阻尼机构支撑架的内侧壁和所述电机定子一端相应处分别设有与各组所述弹性-阻尼机构两端相连接的第一连接件。
进一步地，所述位置限制式柔性传动机构位于所述悬架减振机构的外侧；所述弹性-阻尼机构支撑架整体呈环状，所述弹性-阻尼机构支撑件的外侧壁通过滚动轴承或滑动轴承和环状固定件与所述车轮的轮辋转动连接；其中，所述弹性-阻尼机构支撑架由两个结构相同且对称设置的环状子结构拼装而成，且拼装后两个所述环状子结构的外侧壁形成与轴承内圈相配合的第一凹槽；所述环状固定件与所述车轮的所述轮辋内侧壁紧固后，与设置在所述车轮的所述轮辋的内侧壁上的凸起结构共同形成与轴承外圈相配合的第二凹槽；所述弹性-阻尼机构支撑架的内侧壁和所述电机定子一端相应处分别设有与各组所述弹性-阻尼机构两端连接的第二连接件。
进一步地，所述电机和所述位置限制式柔性传动机构均位于所述悬架减振机构的内部，且所述电机与所述车轮的转轴偏置；所述弹性-阻尼机构支撑架为一端敞口的圆筒状结构；所述位置限制式柔性传动机构包括链条、位于同一平面内的两个链轮和位于两个所述链轮之间且固定在所述弹性-阻尼机构支撑架内侧壁上的链轮张紧机构；其中，所述弹性-阻尼机构支撑架的闭口端中心处设有滚动轴承或滑动轴承，轴承通过短轴与所述车轮的轮毂中心进行同轴的转动连接，所述短轴一端嵌固在所述轮毂中心处，另一端位于所述弹性-阻尼机构支撑架内嵌固在其中一个所述链轮的中心处；另一个所述链轮与所述电机转子同轴固定， 两个所述链轮通过链条相连；所述链条张紧机构用于保证所述链条与所述链轮处于常啮合状态；所述弹性-阻尼机构支撑架的内侧壁和所述定子一端相应处分别设有与各组所述弹性-阻尼机构两端连接的第三连接件。
可选的，各组所述弹性-阻尼机构均由配套设置的阻尼机构和弹性机构组成，所述弹性机构为弹性元件，所述阻尼机构为阻尼元件，且所述阻尼元件位于所述弹性元件的内部。
可选的，所述位置限制式柔性传动机构采用环状的柔性钢索；所述柔性钢索两端分别与所述车轮的轮辋内侧壁和所述电机转子相连。
总的来说，与现有技术相比，本发明电机驱动的内置悬架及位置限制式传动电动轮具有以下特点及有益效果：
1、本发明所提出的电动轮创新性地引入可与车轮发生相对转动的弹性-阻尼减振机构支撑架，大大改善了分布式驱动形式中电机的振动特性。尤其是针对轮毂电机驱动形式，将轮毂电机变为真正意义上的簧载质量，起到了保护电机和延长电机寿命的功能。车辆的平顺性也得到了提升，乘坐人员的舒适度得到改善。
2、本发明采用了完整的内置式弹性-阻尼机构，减振特性优异。在保证结构紧凑和尺寸较小的情况下，允许较大的缓冲位移，并通过阻尼部件实现良好的车辆平顺性，可以替代传统车辆悬架；电机成为簧载质量，减小了非簧载质量，不仅使得电机的振动特性改善，更使得整车平顺性提升；车轮内部悬架空间较大，还可以在悬架减振机构内部增设主动控制和振动能量回收机构，从而进一步提高车辆的平顺性，减缓振动，回收部分振动过程中的能量，提高整车能量利用率。
3、本发明易于整车动力学设计。引入位置限制式柔性传动机构，起到了力的传递作用，并且允许了电机和车轮的径向位移，以配合内置式悬架减振机构的工作需求。从而使得车辆的驱动力的传递过程与减振过程解耦。位置限制式柔性传动机构只起到驱动力传递作用，不影响减振功能；悬架减振机构起到减振作用时，不影响车辆驱动力的传递。纵向动力学特性与垂向动力学特性可以进行分别设计，悬架减振机构可以实现垂向和纵向的不同特性。
4、本发明传动效率高，结构布置简单。与现有电动轮相同，本发明电动轮省去离合器、变速箱、传动轴、主减速器、差速器、分动器等传统动力传递装置，机械传动效率高。本发明结构简单，易于实现，减少了零部件数量，易于维护，提高电动轮的整体寿命。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例1的结构示意图。
图2为本发明实施例2的结构示意图。
图3为本发明实施例4的结构示意图。
附图标记：
电动轮100、电机1、电机定子1-1、电机转子1-2、位置限制式柔性传动机构3、第一链轮3-1、第二链轮3-2、链条3-3、链轮张紧机构3-4、车轮4、吊耳4-1、凸起结构4-2、弹性阻尼机构5、弹性机构5-1、阻尼结构5-2、弹性-阻尼机构支撑架6、第一连接件7、滚动轴承8、第二连接件9、环状固定件10、短轴11、第三连接件12。
具体实施方式
下面详细描述本发明的实施例，所述实施例的示例在附图中示出，其中自始至终相同或类似的标号表示相同或类似的元件或具有相同或类似功能的元件。下面通过参考附图描述的实施例是示例性的，仅用于解释本发明，而不能理解为对本发明的限制。
本发明的电机驱动的内置悬架及位置限制式传动电动轮100，包括电机1和车轮4，电动轮100还包括悬架减振机构和位置限制式柔性传动机构3；悬架减振机构由弹性-阻尼机构支撑架6和至少一组弹性-阻尼机构5组成；其中，弹性-阻尼机构支撑架6与车轮4转动连接.弹性-阻尼机构支撑6架通过各组弹性-阻尼机构5与电的定子1-1连接，电机定子1-1与车辆连接，包括但不限于与车辆的悬架、转向节、车梁、承载式车身连接。电机转子1-2通过位置限制式柔性传动机构3与车轮4连接，位置限制式柔性传动机构3用于电机1与车轮4之间力的传递，且当电机1与车轮4发生轴心径向相对位移时仍可进行力的传递。
下面结合实施例及附图，对本发明的技术方案进一步详细说明如下。
实施例1：
如图1所示，本实施例电机1驱动的内置悬架及位置限制式传动电动轮100，包括电机1和车轮4。电动轮100还包括均位于车轮4内的悬架减振机构和位置限制式柔性传动机构3，且位置限制式柔性传动机构3位于悬架减振机构的内侧(即位置限制式柔性传动机构3相对于悬架减振机构更靠近车辆几何中心设置)。电机11为外转子电机1，包括电机定子1-1和电机转子1-2，与现有电机1结构相同。车轮4包括轮胎、轮辋和轮毂，与现有车轮结构相同。悬架减振机构由弹性-阻尼机构支撑架6和位于弹性-阻尼机构支撑架6内且沿环向均匀设置的四组弹性-阻尼机构5组成。这里需要说明的是，考虑到设置过多的弹性-阻尼机构5会增加电动轮100的质量、使得内部空间拥挤，但多组弹性-阻尼机构5又可能提升减振性能，故弹性-阻尼机构5的组数根据实际需要确定，并不限定于四组。图1中仅示意出了其中垂向布置的两组，剩余水平向布置的两组未示意出。其中，弹性-阻尼机构支撑架6与车轮4共车轮转轴设置，且弹性-阻尼机构支撑架6外侧壁与轮毂转动连接。弹性-阻尼机构支撑架6内侧壁通过各组弹性-阻尼机构5与电机定子1-1的一端铰接(还可采用其他 连接方式，只需满足弹性-阻尼机构5运动的自由度要求即可)连接，电机定子1-1的另一端与车辆的悬架(除悬架外，还可以是车辆的转向节、车梁或承载式车身的任意一者)固定连接。电机转子2通过位置限制式柔性传动机构3与车轮4(如轮辋)铰接(还可采用其他连接方式，只需满足弹性-阻尼机构5运动的自由度要求即可)连接，位置限制式柔性传动机构3用于电机11与车轮4之间力的传递，且当电机11与车轮6发生轴心径向相对位移时仍可进行力的传递。
本实施例电动路100的部件的具体实现方式分别说明如下：
本实施例的一组弹性-阻尼机构5由配套设置的阻尼机构5-2和弹性机构5-1组成，弹性机构5-1为弹性元件，阻尼机构5-2为阻尼元件，且阻尼元件位于弹性元件的内部。图1中仅展示了垂向布置的两组弹性元件和阻尼元件，水平布置的弹性元件和阻尼元件的安装方式与垂向布置的弹性元件和阻尼元件相同。本实施例设置的弹性机构5-1和阻尼机构5-2允许了电机定子1-1与车轮4之间的相对位移。其中两只弹性元件、两只阻尼元件垂向布置，保证了车身及电机1的垂向动力学特性。另外两只弹性元件和两只阻尼元件纵向布置，保证了车身及电机1的纵向动力学特性。本实施例弹性-阻尼机构5中的各元件均为常规的市售产品，如常规的弹簧和阻尼器。
本实施例的位置限制式柔性传动机构3为环形柔性钢索，环形柔性钢索一端与与设置在电机转子1-2外侧的吊耳进行铰接，环形柔性钢索另一端与设置在轮辋内壁上的吊耳进行铰接。位置限制式柔性传动机构3仅承受单向拉力、不承受压力，使得电机1与车轮4发生轴心的径向相对位移时仍然可以传递力。
本实施例的弹性-阻尼机构支撑架6为一端敞口的圆筒状结构，整体呈U型，弹性-阻尼机构支撑架6的闭口端外侧壁通过滚动轴承8与车轮4的轮毂中心进行同轴的转动连接，具体地，车轮4的轮毂中心设有与车轮4同圆心的孔，与滚动轴承8的轴承外圈配合。弹性-阻尼机构支撑架6的中心设有与弹性-阻尼机构支撑架6同圆心的圆柱体凸起，与滚动轴承8的轴承内圈配合。弹性-阻尼机构支撑架6的内侧壁和电机定子1-1一端相应处分别设有与各组弹性-阻尼机构5两端铰接的第一连接件7，具体地，弹性-阻尼机构支撑架6的内侧壁上设有吊装结构，弹性-阻尼机构支撑架6通过吊装结构和配套设置的第一连接件7(采用阻尼机构连接件)与各阻尼机构5-2一端铰接，各阻尼机构5-1另一端分别通过第一连接件7(采用常规的铰接结构件)与电机定子1-1的一端铰接连接，电机定子1-1的另一端通过车辆的悬架固定在车辆上。本实施例中的滚动轴承8可由滑动轴承替换，其余设置不变。
本实施例电动轮的工作原理为：在车辆的运行过程中，电机转子1-2旋转，通过位置限制式柔性传动机构3带动车轮4转动，实现前进和加速的功能，且车轮4与电机转子1-2通过位置限制式柔性传动机构3相互传递力的作用，也能够使车辆实现后退、减速、制动 能量回收等功能。在上述过程中，相应的车辆纵向动力学特性由悬架减振机构中纵向布置的弹性-阻尼机构5的特性决定。电机转子1-2通过位置限制式柔性传动机构3与车轮4发生力的作用，弹性-阻尼机构支撑架6相对电机定子1-1不转动，当遇到路面起伏时，使得车轮4及弹性-阻尼机构支撑架6的轴心与电机1的轴心发生径向相对位移，从而减轻振动。相应的车辆垂向动力学特性由悬架减振机构中垂向布置的弹性-阻尼机构5的特性决定，车轮4会受到来自路面的随机冲击载荷，当电动轮100受到冲击载荷时，轮胎和弹性-阻尼机构5通过变形吸收冲击载荷的能量，防止冲击载荷影响电机1。
车辆静载时，即不承受路面起伏引起的冲击载荷时，使电机定子1-1的中心轴线在车轮4的中心轴线偏上的位置(具体实施方式可以采用：对于垂向布置的弹性元件和阻尼元件，位于上方的元件初始长度小于下方或上方弹性元件的弹性模量小于下方)，以此保证电机1下方柔性钢索即柔性传动机构3处于张紧状态。在遇到路面突起和冲击时，电机定子1-1和车轮4产生轴心的径向相对位移。此时，先前电机1下方张紧的柔性钢索会处于舒张状态，电机转子1-2与车轮4的转速差以及电机转子1-2与车轮4的轴心的径向运动会导致柔性钢索再度处于张紧状态，进行力的传递。
实施例2：
如图2所示，本实施例电机1驱动的内置悬架及位置限制式传动电动轮100，包括电机1和车轮4。电动轮100还包括均位于车轮4内的悬架减振机构和位置限制式柔性传动机构3，且位置限制式柔性传动机构3位于悬架减振机构外侧(即悬架减振机构相对于位置限制式柔性传动机3构更靠近车辆几何中心设置)。电机1为外转子电机1，包括电机定子1-1和电机转子1-2组成，与现有电机1结构相同。车轮4为无轮毂车轮，由常规的轮胎和轮辋组成，车轮轮辋的内侧分别设有吊耳4-1和凸起结构4-2。悬架减振机构由弹性-阻尼机构支撑架6和位于弹性-阻尼机构支撑架6内且沿环向均匀设置的至少一组(组数选取依据同实施例1，本实施例采用四组，图2中仅示意出了其中垂向布置的两组，剩余水平向布置的两组未示意出)弹性-阻尼机构5组成。其中，弹性-阻尼机构支撑架6与车轮4共车轮转轴设置，且弹性-阻尼机构支撑架6的外侧壁与车轮4的轮辋转动连接。弹性-阻尼机构支撑架6的内侧壁通过各组弹性-阻尼机构5与电机定子1-1的一端铰接连接，电机定子1-1的另一端与车辆的转向节(除转向节外，还可是车辆的悬架、车梁或承载式车身的任意一者)固定连接。电机转子2通过位置限制式柔性传动机构3与车轮4(如轮辋)铰接连接，位置限制式柔性传动机构3用于电机1与车轮4之间力的传递，且当电机1与车轮4发生轴心径向相对位移时仍可进行力的传递。本实施例的弹性-阻尼机构支撑架6整体为与车轮4共转轴设置的环状结构，环状结构通过滚动轴承8和环状固定件10与车轮4的轮辋转动连接，具体的，环状结构由两个形状完全相同且对称设置的环状子结构拼装而成，且拼装后两个 环状子结构的外侧壁形成与滚动轴承8的轴承内圈相配合的第一凹槽(两个环状子结构分别位于滚动轴承8的轴承内圈两侧)。环状固定件10(本实施例的环状固定件具有L型横截面)与车轮4的轮辋内侧壁紧固后，与设置在车轮4的轮辋内侧壁上的凸起结构4-2共同形成与滚动轴承8的轴承外圈相配合的第二凹槽。通过滚动轴承8实现了车轮4与弹性-阻尼机构支撑架6的同轴转动。弹性-阻尼机构支撑架6的内侧壁通过第二连接件9(采用阻尼机构连接件)与各组弹性-阻尼机构5的一端铰接连接，各组弹性-阻尼机构的另一端通过第二连接件9(采用常规的铰接结构件)与电机定子1-1一端铰接连接，电机定子1-1的另一端通过车辆的转向节固定在车辆上。类似的，本实施例的滚动轴承8也可由滑动轴承替换，其余设置不变。本实施例的位置限制式柔性传动机构3采用环状的柔性钢索，柔性钢索分别与设置在轮辋内侧壁上的吊耳4-1和设置在电机转子1-2外侧壁上的吊装结构铰接，电机1位于车轮4与弹性-阻尼元件机构支撑架6中间空心的部位。位置限制式柔性传动机构3在本实施例中的实现方式、布置方式都与实施例1相同。本实施例的其余组成部件、工作原理均与实施例1相同，此处不再赘述。
实施例3：
本实施将实施例2中外转内定电机1改为内转子电机1，电机1内转子与车轮4通过柔性钢索连接，电机1外定子通过弹性-阻尼机构与弹性-阻尼机构支撑架6连接，其余部分均与实施例2相同，此处不再赘述。
实施例4：
本实施例与实施例1的区别之处在于将环状柔性钢索替换为常规的链条、链轮和链条张紧机构，如图3所示，本实施例电机1驱动的内置悬架及位置限制式传动电动轮100，包括电机1和车轮4。电动轮100还包括均位于车轮4内的悬架减振机构11和位置限制式柔性传动机构3，电机11和位置限制式柔性传动机构3均位于悬架减振机构11的内部，且电机11与车轮4的转轴偏置。电机11为外转子电机1，由电机定子1-1和电机转子1-2组成，与现有电机1结构相同。车轮4包括轮胎、轮辋和轮毂，与现有车轮结构相同。悬架减振机构由弹性-阻尼机构支撑架6和位于弹性-阻尼机构支撑架内设置的至少一组弹性-阻尼机构组成。其中，弹性-阻尼机构支撑架6与车轮4共车轮转轴设置，且弹性-阻尼机构支撑架6与车轮轮毂转动连接。弹性-阻尼机构支撑架6内侧壁通过各组弹性-阻尼机构与电机定子1-1的一端铰接连接，电机定子1-1的另一端与车辆的车梁(除车梁外，还可是车辆的悬架、转向节、或承载式车身的任意一者)固定连接。电机转子2通过位置限制式柔性传动机构3与车轮4连接，位置限制式柔性传动机3构用于电机11与车轮4之间力的传递，且当电机11与车轮4发生轴心径向相对位移时仍可进行力的传递。
本实施例组成部件的具体实现方式分别说明如下：
本实施例的弹性-阻尼机构支撑架6为一端敞口的圆筒状结构，整体呈U型。位置限制式柔性传动机构包括链条3-3、位于同一平面内的第一链轮3-1和第二链轮3-2、位于两个链轮之间且固定在弹性-阻尼机构支撑架6内侧壁上的链轮张紧机构3-4。其中，弹性-阻尼机构支撑架6的闭口端中心处设有滚动轴承8，滚动轴承通过短轴11与车轮4的轮毂中心进行同轴的转动连接，短轴11一端嵌固在轮毂中心处，另一端位于弹性-阻尼机构支撑架6内嵌固在链轮3-1中心处，即车轮4、弹性-阻尼机构支撑架6、链轮3-1按如上顺序在短轴11上从外到内排列。车轮4与电机1轴心偏置，链轮3-2与电机转子1-2同轴固定，第二链轮3-2通过链条3-3与车轮4上的第一链轮3-1连接，且第一链轮3-1、第二链轮3-2与链条3-3相啮合进行力的传递。链条张紧机构3-4用于保证链条3-3与第一链轮3-1及第二链轮3-2处于常啮合状态，实时进行力的传递，链条张紧机构3-4允许车轮4与电机11的轴心产生径向位移的情况下，调整链条3-3的分布情况，在径向位移发生时进行力的实时传递。弹性-阻尼机构支撑架6的内侧壁通过第三连接件12(采用阻尼机构连接件)与各组弹性-阻尼机构5的一端铰接连接，各组弹性-阻尼机构的另一端通过第三连接件12(采用常规的铰接结构件)与电机定子1-1一端铰接连接，电机定子1-1的另一端通过车辆的转向节固定在车辆上。类似的，本实施例的滚动轴承8也可由滑动轴承替换，其余设置不变。
本实施例的其他组成部件的具体实现方式级布置方式均与实施例1相同，此处不再赘述。
本实施例在工作过程中，因为第一链轮3-1与第二链轮3-2位于同一平面内，电机11的中心轴线与车轮4的中心轴线不会重合。链条3-3与第一链轮3-1、第二链轮3-2一直处于啮合状态并且能够传递力。在链轮张紧机构3-4的作用下，链条3-3一直处于张紧状态，不存在舒张状态。其余工作原理同实施例1。
实施例5：
本实施将实施例4中外转内定电机1改为内转子电机1，电机1内转子外侧同轴固定第二链轮3-2，车轮4内侧的第一链轮3-1布置方式同实施例4。电机1外定子通过弹性-阻尼机构5与弹性-阻尼机构支撑架6连接，其余部分均与实施例4相同，此处不再赘述。
在此需要说明的是，以上五个实施例中，电机11可以形成为轮毂电机1，也可以是其他形式的电机1，这里并不对电机1的类型做出具体的限定。
以上仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并非限定本发明的保护范围，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所做的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均包含的本发明的保护范围内。

Claims (6)

  1. 一种电机驱动的内置悬架及位置限制式传动电动轮，包括电机和车轮，其特征在于，内置悬架及位置限制式传动电动轮还包括悬架减振机构和位置限制式柔性传动机构；所述悬架减振机构由弹性-阻尼机构支撑架和至少一组弹性-阻尼机构组成；其中，弹性-阻尼机构支撑架与所述车轮转动连接；所述弹性-阻尼机构支撑架通过各组所述弹性-阻尼机构与电机定子连接，所述电机定子适于与车辆连接，包括但不限于与车辆的悬架、转向节、车梁、承载式车身连接；电机转子通过所述位置限制式柔性传动机构与所述车轮连接，所述位置限制式柔性传动机构用于所述电机与所述车轮之间力的传递，且当所述电机与所述车轮发生轴心径向相对位移时仍可进行力的传递。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电机驱动的内置悬架及位置限制式传动电动轮，其特征在于，所述位置限制式柔性传动机构位于所述悬架减振机构的内侧；所述弹性-阻尼机构支撑架为一端敞口的筒状结构，所述弹性-阻尼机构支撑架的闭口端外侧壁通过滚动轴承或滑动轴承与所述车轮的轮毂中心进行同轴的转动连接；所述弹性-阻尼机构支撑架的内侧壁和所述电机定子一端相应处分别设有与各组所述弹性-阻尼机构两端相连接的第一连接件。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的电机驱动的内置悬架及位置限制式传动电动轮，其特征在于，所述位置限制式柔性传动机构位于所述悬架减振机构的外侧；所述弹性-阻尼机构支撑架整体呈环状，所述弹性-阻尼机构支撑件的外侧壁通过滚动轴承或滑动轴承和环状固定件与所述车轮的轮辋转动连接；其中，所述弹性-阻尼机构支撑架由两个结构相同且对称设置的环状子结构拼装而成，且拼装后两个所述环状子结构的外侧壁形成与轴承内圈相配合的第一凹槽；所述环状固定件与所述车轮的所述轮辋内侧壁紧固后，与设置在所述车轮的所述轮辋的内侧壁上的凸起结构共同形成与轴承外圈相配合的第二凹槽；所述弹性-阻尼机构支撑架的内侧壁和所述电机定子一端相应处分别设有与各组所述弹性-阻尼机构两端连接的第二连接件。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的电机驱动的内置悬架及位置限制式传动电动轮，其特征在于，所述电机和所述位置限制式柔性传动机构均位于所述悬架减振机构的内部，且所述电机与所述车轮的转轴偏置；所述弹性-阻尼机构支撑架为一端敞口的圆筒状结构；所述位置限制式柔性传动机构包括链条、位于同一平面内的两个链轮和位于两个所述链轮之间且固定在所述弹性-阻尼机构支撑架内侧壁上的链轮张紧机构；其中，所述弹性-阻尼机构支撑架的闭口端中心处设有滚动轴承或滑动轴承，轴承通过短轴与所述车轮的轮毂中心进行同轴的转动连接，所述短轴一端嵌固在所述轮毂中心处，另一端位于所述弹性-阻尼机构支撑架内嵌固在其中一个所述链轮的中心处；另一个所述链轮与所述电机转子同轴固定，两个所述链 轮通过链条相连；所述链条张紧机构用于保证所述链条与所述链轮处于常啮合状态；所述弹性-阻尼机构支撑架的内侧壁和所述定子一端相应处分别设有与各组所述弹性-阻尼机构两端连接的第三连接件。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的电机驱动的内置悬架及位置限制式传动电动轮，其特征在于，各组所述弹性-阻尼机构均由配套设置的阻尼机构和弹性机构组成，所述弹性机构为弹性元件，所述阻尼机构为阻尼元件，且所述阻尼元件位于所述弹性元件的内部。
  6. 根据权利要求2或3所述的电机驱动的内置悬架及位置限制式传动电动轮，其特征在于，所述位置限制式柔性传动机构采用环状的柔性钢索；所述柔性钢索两端分别与所述车轮的轮辋内侧壁和所述电机转子相连。
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CN109720160A (zh) * 2019-01-04 2019-05-07 青岛科技大学 一种新型轮毂驱动电动汽车悬架系统
CN112081867B (zh) * 2020-08-27 2022-01-18 南京航空航天大学 一种防爆电动轮减震装置

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