WO2019153771A1 - 一种铁铬铝三元合金锭型材打磨方法 - Google Patents
一种铁铬铝三元合金锭型材打磨方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2019153771A1 WO2019153771A1 PCT/CN2018/109577 CN2018109577W WO2019153771A1 WO 2019153771 A1 WO2019153771 A1 WO 2019153771A1 CN 2018109577 W CN2018109577 W CN 2018109577W WO 2019153771 A1 WO2019153771 A1 WO 2019153771A1
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- grinding
- profile
- chromium
- iron
- ternary alloy
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B1/00—Processes of grinding or polishing; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such processes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
- C23C24/082—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat without intermediate formation of a liquid in the layer
- C23C24/085—Coating with metallic material, i.e. metals or metal alloys, optionally comprising hard particles, e.g. oxides, carbides or nitrides
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B27/00—Other grinding machines or devices
- B24B27/033—Other grinding machines or devices for grinding a surface for cleaning purposes, e.g. for descaling or for grinding off flaws in the surface
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B29/00—Machines or devices for polishing surfaces on work by means of tools made of soft or flexible material with or without the application of solid or liquid polishing agents
- B24B29/005—Machines or devices for polishing surfaces on work by means of tools made of soft or flexible material with or without the application of solid or liquid polishing agents using brushes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B9/00—Machines or devices designed for grinding edges or bevels on work or for removing burrs; Accessories therefor
- B24B9/02—Machines or devices designed for grinding edges or bevels on work or for removing burrs; Accessories therefor characterised by a special design with respect to properties of materials specific to articles to be ground
- B24B9/04—Machines or devices designed for grinding edges or bevels on work or for removing burrs; Accessories therefor characterised by a special design with respect to properties of materials specific to articles to be ground of metal, e.g. skate blades
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
- C23C24/082—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat without intermediate formation of a liquid in the layer
Definitions
- the invention belongs to the technical field of profile grinding, and in particular relates to a method for grinding iron-chromium-aluminum ternary alloy ingot profiles.
- the hardness of the iron-chromium-aluminum ternary alloy material is much softer than that of the steel material, and the iron-chromium-aluminum ternary alloy material may cause a sticking knife during the cutting process, so the iron after processing
- the surface of the chrome-aluminum ternary alloy product is processed by hand grinding, which has high work intensity and low efficiency.
- Iron-chromium-aluminum ternary alloy profiles often have some welds in the production process. The grinding effect of these welds will directly affect the next process. However, the current grinding process of iron-chromium-aluminum ternary alloy profiles is After grinding the iron-chromium-aluminum ternary alloy, the smoothness and flatness of the weld zone are poor.
- the present invention provides a method for grinding an iron-chromium-aluminum ternary alloy ingot profile.
- the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a method for grinding an iron-chromium-aluminum ternary alloy ingot profile, comprising the following steps:
- Fine grinding of the weld the surface of the weld is ground using an angle grinder equipped with a grinding wheel.
- the surface of the grinding wheel is parallel to the surface of the weld, and the weld is polished along the direction of the weld until the weld height is removed;
- the heating temperature of the surface of the iron-chromium-aluminum ternary alloy is heated by the plasma beam as a heating source to be 800-950 ° C, the heating time is 30-60 min, and the amount of the film-type aluminum nitride powder is sprayed. It is 1-3% of the mass of the iron-chromium-aluminum ternary alloy ingot before the rough grinding of the step (1).
- an angle grinder can quickly remove the oxide layer on the surface of the profile, and the surface of the profile is smooth after grinding.
- the surface of the wheel and profile is kept at 10-20°, and the wheel can produce a relatively fast profile.
- the grinding depth accelerates the grinding efficiency; the welding seam is polished along the direction of the weld with a straight shank grinding machine, which can quickly polish the oxide layer on the weld; the angle grinder is used to polish the weld along the direction parallel to the surface of the profile.
- the grinding depth of the weld is 1-2 mm each time; the greater the grinding depth, the greater the resistance of the grinding wheel, and the more difficult it is to maintain the grinding wheel and the profile.
- the surfaces are parallel, which makes it easy to produce uneven scratches on the surface of the profile, while maintaining a grinding depth of 1-2 mm each time, effectively avoiding the occurrence of irregularities on the surface of the profile.
- the model of the grinding wheel installed on the angle grinder is 320#, and it is determined whether the grinding wheel is firmly installed before grinding, and the angle grinder rotates for 3-5 minutes, observe Whether the rotation of the grinding wheel is stable; the grinding wheel of 320# is selected to have a good grinding effect on the surface of the iron-chromium-aluminum ternary alloy profile.
- the installation condition and the rotation condition of the grinding wheel are checked to prevent the deformation of the grinding wheel from being unstable. The grinding depth occurs, which reduces the damage to the profile and also improves the safety of the work.
- the present invention grinds the surface and weld of the profile by using an angle grinder and a straight shank grinder, eliminating the oxide layer and weld spatter on the surface of the profile, and then manually grinding the dry seam with a dry sandpaper.
- the area has a good grinding effect, and the surface of the profile is smooth and smooth after grinding.
- a method for grinding an iron-chromium-aluminum ternary alloy ingot profile comprises the following steps: (1) rough grinding of the surface: fixing the iron-chromium-aluminum ternary alloy profile, and grinding the surface of the profile using an angle grinder equipped with a grinding wheel, When grinding, ensure that the angle between the grinding wheel and the surface of the profile is 10°, until the oxide layer on the surface of the profile is completely polished, the depth of the grinding is 0.8% of the thickness of the profile; (2) The rough grinding of the weld: using a stainless steel brush The straight shank grinding machine grinds the weld on the profile along the direction of the weld; (3) Fine grinding of the weld: the surface of the weld is ground using an angle grinder equipped with a grinding wheel, and the surface and welding of the grinding wheel are made by grinding The surface of the seam is parallel.
- the grinding depth of the weld is 1 mm each time, and the weld seam is polished along the weld direction until the weld height is removed.
- Surface modification heating the iron chromium aluminum with the plasma beam as a heating source
- the surface of the ternary alloy is sprayed with a film-type aluminum nitride powder;
- the surface is finely ground: the surface of the profile is manually polished using 600# dry sandpaper, and polished until the surface of the profile is smooth and flat.
- the heating temperature is 950 ° C
- the heating time is 60 min
- the amount of the sprayed film type aluminum nitride powder is the step (1). 3% of the mass of the iron-chromium-aluminum ternary alloy ingot before rough grinding.
- the model of the grinding wheel installed on the angle grinder is 320#, and it is determined whether the grinding wheel is firmly installed before grinding, and the angle grinder rotates for 3 minutes to observe whether the rotation of the grinding wheel is stable;
- the grinding wheel of 320# is selected to have a good grinding effect on the surface of the iron-chromium-aluminum ternary alloy profile.
- the installation condition and the rotation condition of the grinding wheel are checked to prevent the grinding depth from being unstable due to the unstable rotation of the grinding wheel. It reduces the damage to the profile and also improves the safety of the work.
- a method for grinding an iron-chromium-aluminum ternary alloy ingot profile comprises the following steps: (1) rough grinding of the surface: fixing the iron-chromium-aluminum ternary alloy profile, and grinding the surface of the profile using an angle grinder equipped with a grinding wheel, When grinding, ensure that the angle between the grinding wheel and the surface of the profile is 20°, until the oxide layer on the surface of the profile is completely polished, the depth of the grinding is 1% of the thickness of the profile; (2) The rough grinding of the weld: using a stainless steel brush The straight shank grinding machine grinds the weld on the profile along the direction of the weld; (3) Fine grinding of the weld: the surface of the weld is ground using an angle grinder equipped with a grinding wheel, and the surface and welding of the grinding wheel are made by grinding The surface of the seam is parallel.
- the grinding depth of the weld is 1.5mm each time, and the weld is polished along the weld direction until the weld height is removed.
- Surface modification heating the iron chromium with the plasma beam as the heating source
- Surface fine grinding use 800# dry sandpaper to manually polish the surface of the profile and polish it until the surface of the profile is smooth and flat.
- the heating temperature is 800 ° C
- the heating time is 30 min
- the amount of the sprayed film type aluminum nitride powder is the step (1).
- the model of the grinding wheel installed on the angle grinder is 320#, and it is determined whether the grinding wheel is firmly installed before grinding, and the angle grinder rotates for 5 minutes to observe whether the rotation of the grinding wheel is stable;
- the grinding wheel of 320# is selected to have a good grinding effect on the surface of the iron-chromium-aluminum ternary alloy profile.
- the installation condition and the rotation condition of the grinding wheel are checked to prevent the grinding depth from being unstable due to the unstable rotation of the grinding wheel. It reduces the damage to the profile and also improves the safety of the work.
- the surface of the iron-chromium-aluminum ternary alloy is heated by the surface modification by the surface modification in the step (4), and the film-type aluminum nitride powder is sprayed, since the aluminum nitride is a covalent bond compound. It is an atomic crystal, which is a diamond-like nitride, a hexagonal system, a wurtzite-type crystal structure, and is non-toxic.
- the properties of the alloy are improved, for example, the thermal conductivity is improved, and the coefficient of thermal expansion is small.
- the thermal shock resistance is improved, and the surface is easy to be sanded, the degree of molding is improved, and there is no processing treatment of surface burrs, and there is a technical effect unexpected to those skilled in the art compared to the prior art.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Grinding And Polishing Of Tertiary Curved Surfaces And Surfaces With Complex Shapes (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及一种铁铬铝三元合金锭型材打磨方法,包括如下步骤:(1)表面粗磨;(2)焊缝粗磨;(3)焊缝细磨;(4)表面改性:以等离子束为加热源加热铁铬铝三元合金表面,喷洒薄膜型氮化铝粉;(5)表面细磨。
Description
本发明属于型材打磨技术领域,尤其是涉及一种铁铬铝三元合金锭型材打磨方法。
在现有技术中,铁铬铝三元合金材料的硬度相对于钢材料而言要柔软许多,并且铁铬铝三元合金材料在切削过程中会产生粘刀的现象,因此对加工后的铁铬铝三元合金产品表面进行加工多采用手工打磨方式进行,工作强度大,效率低。
铁铬铝三元合金型材在生产加工过程中往往会存在一些焊缝,对这些焊缝的打磨效果会直接影响到下一步工艺的进行,然而目前的铁铬铝三元合金型材的打磨工艺在对铁铬铝三元合金进行打磨后,焊缝区域的光滑度和平整度都较差。
发明内容
本发明为了克服现有技术的不足,提供一种铁铬铝三元合金锭型材打磨方法。
为了实现上述目的,本发明采用以下技术方案:一种铁铬铝三元合金锭型材打磨方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)表面粗磨:将铁铬铝三元合金型材固定住,并使用装有砂轮的角磨机对型材表面进行打磨,打磨时保证砂轮与型材表面的夹角为10-20°,直至将型材表面的氧化层全部打磨掉为止,打磨的深度不超过型材厚度的3%;
(2)焊缝粗磨:使用安装了不锈钢刷的直柄打磨机沿着焊缝的方向对型材上 的焊缝进行打磨;
(3)焊缝细磨:使用装有砂轮的角磨机对焊缝表面进行打磨,打磨时使得砂轮的表面和焊缝表面平行,沿焊缝方向打磨焊缝,直至去除焊缝余高;
(4)表面改性:以等离子束为加热源加热铁铬铝三元合金表面,喷洒薄膜型氮化铝粉;
(5)表面细磨:使用600-800#的干砂纸手工对型材表面进行打磨,打磨至型材表面光滑、平整为止。
优选的,在步骤(4)中,以等离子束为加热源加热铁铬铝三元合金表面时的加热温度为800-950℃,加热时间为30-60min,喷洒薄膜型氮化铝粉的量为步骤(1)表面粗磨前的铁铬铝三元合金锭的质量的1-3%。
用角磨机对型材表面进行粗磨,能较快速的去除型材表面的氧化层,且打磨后型材表面较平整,砂轮与型材表面保持10-20°,砂轮能相对快速的对型材能产生一定的打磨深度,加快了打磨效率;用直柄打磨机沿着焊缝方向打磨焊缝,能快速的打磨掉焊缝上的氧化层;用角磨机沿与型材表面平行的方向打磨焊缝,能打磨掉焊缝的余高,使得焊缝表面和型材表面在同一高度,提升型材表面的平整度和光滑度;用角磨机打磨焊缝周围区域,且保持砂轮和型材表面平行,能打磨掉焊缝周围的飞溅物,保证型材表面的平整度和光滑度;用600-800#的干砂纸手工打磨型材表面,进一步提升型材表面的平整度和光滑度,打磨后焊缝区域具有优良的光滑度和平整度。
进一步的,在用角磨机打磨焊缝的余高时,每次对焊缝的打磨深度为1-2mm;由于打磨深度越大,砂轮受到的阻力就越大,越不易保持砂轮与型材的表面平行,进而容易在型材表面产生凹凸不平的磨痕,而保持每次的打磨深度为1-2mm,有效避免了在型材表面产生凹凸不平磨痕的情况发生。
进一步的,在用角磨机对型材表面进行打磨时,角磨机上安装的砂轮型号为320#,且在进行打磨前先确定砂轮是否安装牢固,并时角磨机自转3-5分钟,观察砂轮旋转是否稳定;选择320#的砂轮,对铁铬铝三元合金型材表面的打磨 效果好,打磨前先检查砂轮的安装情况和自转情况,防止了因砂轮旋转不稳定而对型材造成较大打磨深度的情况发生,减少了对型材的损坏,另外还提升了作业的安全性。
综上所述,本发明通过使用角磨机和直柄打磨机对型材的表面和焊缝进行打磨,消除型材表面的氧化层和焊接飞溅物,然后在用干砂纸进行手工打磨,对焊缝区域打磨效果好,打磨后型材表面平整、光滑。
为了使本技术领域的人员更好的理解本发明方案,下面将结合本发明实施例中,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整的描述。
实施例1
一种铁铬铝三元合金锭型材打磨方法,包括如下步骤:(1)表面粗磨:将铁铬铝三元合金型材固定住,并使用装有砂轮的角磨机对型材表面进行打磨,打磨时保证砂轮与型材表面的夹角为10°,直至将型材表面的氧化层全部打磨掉为止,打磨的深度为型材厚度的0.8%;(2)焊缝粗磨:使用安装了不锈钢刷的直柄打磨机沿着焊缝的方向对型材上的焊缝进行打磨;(3)焊缝细磨:使用装有砂轮的角磨机对焊缝表面进行打磨,打磨时使得砂轮的表面和焊缝表面平行,具体的,每次对焊缝的打磨深度为1mm,沿焊缝方向打磨焊缝,直至去除焊缝余高;(4)表面改性:以等离子束为加热源加热铁铬铝三元合金表面,喷洒薄膜型氮化铝粉;(5)表面细磨:使用600#的干砂纸手工对型材表面进行打磨,打磨至型材表面光滑、平整为止。优选的,在步骤(4)中,以等离子束为加热源加热铁铬铝三元合金表面时的加热温度为950℃,加热时间为60min,喷洒薄膜型氮化铝粉的量为步骤(1)表面粗磨前的铁铬铝三元合金锭的质量的3%。在用角磨机对型材表面进行打磨时,角磨机上安装的砂轮型号为320#,且在进行打磨前先确定砂轮是否安装牢固,并时角磨机自转3分钟,观察砂轮旋转是否稳定;选择320#的砂轮,对铁铬铝三元合金型材表面的打磨效果好,打磨前 先检查砂轮的安装情况和自转情况,防止了因砂轮旋转不稳定而对型材造成较大打磨深度的情况发生,减少了对型材的损坏,另外还提升了作业的安全性。
实施例2
一种铁铬铝三元合金锭型材打磨方法,包括如下步骤:(1)表面粗磨:将铁铬铝三元合金型材固定住,并使用装有砂轮的角磨机对型材表面进行打磨,打磨时保证砂轮与型材表面的夹角为20°,直至将型材表面的氧化层全部打磨掉为止,打磨的深度为型材厚度的1%;(2)焊缝粗磨:使用安装了不锈钢刷的直柄打磨机沿着焊缝的方向对型材上的焊缝进行打磨;(3)焊缝细磨:使用装有砂轮的角磨机对焊缝表面进行打磨,打磨时使得砂轮的表面和焊缝表面平行,具体的,每次对焊缝的打磨深度为1.5mm,沿焊缝方向打磨焊缝,直至去除焊缝余高;(4)表面改性:以等离子束为加热源加热铁铬铝三元合金表面,喷洒薄膜型氮化铝粉;(5)表面细磨:使用800#的干砂纸手工对型材表面进行打磨,打磨至型材表面光滑、平整为止。优选的,在步骤(4)中,以等离子束为加热源加热铁铬铝三元合金表面时的加热温度为800℃,加热时间为30min,喷洒薄膜型氮化铝粉的量为步骤(1)表面粗磨前的铁铬铝三元合金锭的质量的1%。在用角磨机对型材表面进行打磨时,角磨机上安装的砂轮型号为320#,且在进行打磨前先确定砂轮是否安装牢固,并时角磨机自转5分钟,观察砂轮旋转是否稳定;选择320#的砂轮,对铁铬铝三元合金型材表面的打磨效果好,打磨前先检查砂轮的安装情况和自转情况,防止了因砂轮旋转不稳定而对型材造成较大打磨深度的情况发生,减少了对型材的损坏,另外还提升了作业的安全性。
通过本发明的试验证明,在步骤(4)中通过表面改性,以等离子束为加热源加热铁铬铝三元合金表面,喷洒薄膜型氮化铝粉,由于氮化铝是共价键化合物,是原子晶体,属类金刚石氮化物、六方晶系,纤锌矿型的晶体结构,无毒性,喷洒薄膜型氮化铝粉之后,改善了合金性能,例如提高了导热性,热膨胀系数小,耐热冲击性提高,并且表面易打磨,成型度改善,不存在表面毛刺的加工处理,相比于现有技术具有本领域技术人员预料不到的技术效果。
显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明的一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都应当属于本发明保护的范围。
Claims (6)
- 一种铁铬铝三元合金锭型材打磨方法,其特征在于:包括如下步骤:(1)表面粗磨:将铁铬铝三元合金型材固定住,并使用装有砂轮的角磨机对型材表面进行打磨,打磨时保证砂轮与型材表面的夹角为10-20°,直至将型材表面的氧化层全部打磨掉为止,打磨的深度不超过型材厚度的3%;(2)焊缝粗磨:使用安装了不锈钢刷的直柄打磨机沿着焊缝的方向对型材上的焊缝进行打磨;(3)焊缝细磨:使用装有砂轮的角磨机对焊缝表面进行打磨,打磨时使得砂轮的表面和焊缝表面平行,沿焊缝方向打磨焊缝,直至去除焊缝余高;(4)表面改性:以等离子束为加热源加热铁铬铝三元合金表面,喷洒薄膜型氮化铝粉;(5)表面细磨:使用600-800#的干砂纸手工对型材表面进行打磨,打磨至型材表面光滑、平整为止。
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种铁铬铝三元合金锭型材打磨方法,其特征在于:在用角磨机对型材表面进行打磨时,角磨机上安装的砂轮型号为320#,且在进行打磨前先确定砂轮是否安装牢固,并时角磨机自转3-5分钟,观察砂轮旋转是否稳定。
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种铁铬铝三元合金锭型材打磨方法,其特征在于:在用600-800#的干砂纸手工对型材表面进行打磨前,先用吹风机吹走型材表面残留有的打磨屑,然后在进行打磨。
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种铁铬铝三元合金锭型材打磨方法,其特征在于:在步骤(5)中,以等离子束为加热源加热铁铬铝三元合金表面时的加热温度为800-950℃。
- 根据权利要求4所述的一种铁铬铝三元合金锭型材打磨方法,其特征在于:在步骤(4)中,以等离子束为加热源加热铁铬铝三元合金表面时的加热时间为30-60min。
- 根据权利要求5所述的一种铁铬铝三元合金锭型材打磨方法,其特征在于:在步骤(4)中,喷洒薄膜型氮化铝粉的量为步骤(1)表面粗磨前的铁铬铝三元合金锭的质量的1-3%。
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