WO2019144661A1 - 矿用钻机及其除尘装置 - Google Patents

矿用钻机及其除尘装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019144661A1
WO2019144661A1 PCT/CN2018/112280 CN2018112280W WO2019144661A1 WO 2019144661 A1 WO2019144661 A1 WO 2019144661A1 CN 2018112280 W CN2018112280 W CN 2018112280W WO 2019144661 A1 WO2019144661 A1 WO 2019144661A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
dust
drill
exhaust fan
mining
air
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2018/112280
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
杨威
林柏泉
林明华
查伟
路长征
贾茹
Original Assignee
中国矿业大学
徐州博安科技发展有限责任公司
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Application filed by 中国矿业大学, 徐州博安科技发展有限责任公司 filed Critical 中国矿业大学
Publication of WO2019144661A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019144661A1/zh

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
    • E21B21/01—Arrangements for handling drilling fluids or cuttings outside the borehole, e.g. mud boxes
    • E21B21/015—Means engaging the bore entrance, e.g. hoods for collecting dust
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B15/00—Supports for the drilling machine, e.g. derricks or masts
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
    • E21B21/01—Arrangements for handling drilling fluids or cuttings outside the borehole, e.g. mud boxes
    • E21B21/011—Dust eliminating or dust removing while drilling
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
    • E21B21/06—Arrangements for treating drilling fluids outside the borehole
    • E21B21/07—Arrangements for treating drilling fluids outside the borehole for treating dust-laden gaseous fluids
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B3/00—Rotary drilling
    • E21B3/02—Surface drives for rotary drilling
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
    • E21C35/00—Details of, or accessories for, machines for slitting or completely freeing the mineral from the seam, not provided for in groups E21C25/00 - E21C33/00, E21C37/00 or E21C39/00
    • E21C35/22—Equipment for preventing the formation of, or for removal of, dust
    • E21C35/223—Equipment associated with mining machines for sucking dust-laden air from the cutting area, with or without cleaning of the air

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of mining equipment, in particular to a dust removing device for a mining drilling machine and a mining drilling machine.
  • dry drilling eye
  • measures such as dust removal by dust collectors are adopted.
  • the air-driving dry dust removal device on the market generally needs to introduce external power during dust removal, for example, using a motor or the like to provide dust removal power.
  • the explosion-proof requirements of underground coal mines usually lead to a relatively large volume of drilling equipment. After the external power of the dust removal device is introduced, the volume of the drilling equipment is further increased, which results in the inability of the drilling equipment to move flexibly and is extremely inconvenient to operate.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a dust removing device for a mining rig that not only ensures the dust removing effect, but also simplifies the structure of the mining rig, thereby improving the flexibility and ease of use of the mining boring machine.
  • a second object of the present invention is to provide a mining rig.
  • a first aspect of the present invention provides a dust removing device for a mining rig, wherein the mining rig includes a rig gyrator and a drill pipe, and the rig gyrator drives the drill during operation
  • the rod is drilled for drilling work
  • the dust removing device includes: a dust collecting cover, the dust collecting cover is disposed corresponding to the drill pipe; a cyclone dust collector, the air inlet of the cyclone dust collector passes through the dust removing duct and the set
  • the air hood is connected to the air vent of the blasting dust collector through a dust removing duct, and the air ventilator is connected to the rig gyrator through a transmission mechanism, wherein
  • the slewing slewing device drives the exhaust fan to operate during operation to draw dust-laden air generated by the drill pipe at the dust collecting hood into the cyclone dust collector for dust removal, and after dust removal Air is drawn to the exhaust fan for discharge through the exhaust vent of the exhaust fan.
  • the dust collecting hood, the cyclone dust collector and the exhaust fan connected in sequence are arranged, and the slewing slewing device driven by the drill pipe is used to drive the exhaust fan to operate the dust collecting hood
  • the dust-laden air generated by the drilling of the drill pipe is pumped to the cyclone dust collector for dust removal, thereby not only ensuring the dust removal effect, optimizing the working environment of the drilling work, improving the safety of the drilling work, and simplifying the mining.
  • the structure of the rig improves the flexibility and ease of use of the mining machine.
  • the dust removing device of the mining rig may further have the following additional technical features:
  • the dust removing device of the mining rig further includes: a gearbox, wherein an input shaft of the gearbox is dynamically connected to the rig gyrator through a transmission mechanism, and an output shaft of the gearbox and the exhaust fan A power connection is made, the gearbox being used to adjust the speed of the blower.
  • the dust removing device of the mining rig further includes: a dust removing filter screen, the dust removing filter net is disposed at an air exhaust opening of the exhaust fan, and the dust removing filter net is used for arranging the exhaust fan The air discharged from the tuyere is filtered.
  • the cyclone is a plurality of, and the plurality of cyclones are connected in parallel between the dust collecting hood and the exhaust fan.
  • the transmission mechanism comprises a conveyor belt or a gear.
  • a second aspect of the present invention provides a mining rig comprising a dust removing device for a mining rig proposed in the first aspect of the present invention.
  • the mining rig according to the embodiment of the invention not only has a dust removing function, but also has a simple structure, high flexibility and convenient use.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a mining rig including a dust removing device according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a rig gyrator and an exhaust fan according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG 3 is a schematic view showing the structure of a rig gyrator and a gearbox according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Dust hood 10 Dust hood 10, cyclone 20, exhaust fan 30, dust removal duct 40, transmission mechanism 50, dust filter screen 60, gearbox 70,
  • the wind wheel 31 is a conveyor belt 51.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a mining rig including a dust removing device.
  • a mining rig includes a rig gyrator 1, a drill pipe 2, and a bracket 3 supporting the rig body.
  • the rig gyrator 1 can drive the drill pipe 2 to drill for drilling work.
  • the dust removing device of the mining rig may include a dust collecting hood 10, a cyclone 20 and an exhaust fan 30.
  • the dust collecting hood 10 is disposed corresponding to the drill pipe 2; the air inlet of the cyclone 20 is connected to the dust collecting hood 10 through the dust removing duct 40; the air vent of the air venting fan 30 passes through the dust removing duct 40 and the air outlet of the cyclone 20 Connected, the blower 30 is powerally coupled to the rig gyrator 1 via a transmission mechanism 50.
  • the rig rotator 1 can drive the ventilator 30 to operate, so as to pump the dusty air generated by the drill pipe 2 at the dust collecting hood 10 into the cyclone 20 for dust removal.
  • the dust-removed air is drawn to the exhaust fan 30 to be discharged through the exhaust port of the exhaust fan 30.
  • the transmission mechanism 50 can include a conveyor belt or gear.
  • the transmission mechanism 50 as a conveyor belt as an example.
  • the rig gyrator 1 can drive the drill pipe 2 to rotate, and the wind wheel 31 in the exhaust fan 30 can be rotated by the conveyor belt 51.
  • the negative pressure generated by the rotation of the wind wheel 31 can provide the rotary power of the airflow to the cyclone 20, and the negative pressure is transmitted to the dust collecting hood 10 to suck the dusty air at the drill hole.
  • the dusty air enters the cyclone 20 the airflow will change from a linear motion to a circular motion to form a swirling airflow.
  • the same direction of rotation can be from the middle of the cyclone 20, from the bottom to the top, continuing the spiral flow, and entering the exhaust through the air outlet of the cyclone 20. 30, finally discharged through the exhaust vent of the exhaust fan 30.
  • the dust collecting hood, the cyclone dust collector and the exhaust fan connected in sequence are arranged, and the slewing slewing device driven by the drill pipe is used to drive the exhaust fan to operate the dust collecting hood
  • the dust-laden air generated by the drilling of the drill pipe is pumped to the cyclone dust collector for dust removal, thereby not only ensuring the dust removal effect, optimizing the working environment of the drilling work, improving the safety of the drilling work, and simplifying the mining.
  • the structure of the rig improves the flexibility and ease of use of the mining machine.
  • the extractor 30 can also be powered directly by the electric motor that powers the rig gyrator 1, i.e., the extractor 30 can be operated using any of the power sources already present on the mining rig without introducing additional The power source to achieve the above beneficial effects.
  • the dust removing device may further include a dust removing screen 60, and the dust removing screen 60 may be disposed at the air exhaust port of the exhaust fan 30. At this point, the dust filter screen 60 can be used to filter the air discharged from the air outlet of the air blower 30.
  • the dust removing device of the mining rig may further include a gearbox 70.
  • the input shaft of the gearbox 70 can be dynamically coupled to the rig gyrator 1 via a transmission mechanism (including, for example, a conveyor belt and gears, such as the conveyor belt 51 in FIG. 3), and the output shaft of the transmission 70 can be powered by the exhaust fan 30.
  • the gearbox 70 can be used to adjust the speed of the blower 30. By adjusting the rotational speed of the exhaust fan 30, it is possible to generate negative pressures and suction air volumes of different sizes, thereby facilitating changing the amount of dust removal according to the amount of dust generated by drilling.
  • the rpm of the rig gyrator 1 is generally based on the rotational speed requirement or the drilling force requirement of the drill pipe during drilling work. It is adjusted and not suitable for adjustment according to the demand of dust removal.
  • the transmission 70 having a plurality of gear positions, when the transmission 70 is switched to a different gear position, the rotation speed of the suction fan 30 can be changed, thereby adjusting the amount of dust removal.
  • the gearbox 70 in the dust removing device the dust removing device for the mining rig according to the embodiment of the present invention can be applied to various occasions.
  • the cyclone 20 may be multiple, and the plurality of cyclone 20 are connected in parallel between the dust collecting cover 10 and the exhaust fan 30, that is, each cyclone.
  • the air inlet of the 20 is connected to the dust collecting hood 10 through a dust removing duct, and the air outlet of each cyclone 20 is connected to the air inlet of the exhaust fan 30 through a dust removing duct.
  • the dust collecting hood 10 can also be connected to the slide of the mining rig through a mobile connecting mechanism.
  • the mobile connecting mechanism may include a first rotating disk, a first telescopic rod, a second telescopic rod and a second rotating disc, and the rotating end of the first rotating disc is detachably connected to the sidewall of the dust collecting cover 10;
  • the rod is connected to the fixed end of the first rotating disc by the first bending piece;
  • the second telescopic rod is connected to the first telescopic rod by the second bending part;
  • the rotating end of the second rotating disc is connected with the second telescopic rod, the second
  • the fixed end of the rotating disc is detachably connected to the slide of the mining rig.
  • the dust collecting cover 10 can be moved to adjust the orientation of the dust inlet; by the extension and contraction of the first telescopic rod, the dust collecting cover 10 and the first rotating disk can be integrally along The first telescopic rod moves in the longitudinal direction; by the extension and contraction of the second telescopic rod, the dust collecting cover 10, the first rotating disc and the first telescopic rod can be moved along the longitudinal direction of the second telescopic rod;
  • the rotation of the second rotating disk allows the dust collecting hood 10, the first rotating disk, the first telescopic rod, and the second telescopic rod to move as a whole. Therefore, the orientation of the dust inlet can be changed according to the application requirements of the mining rig, and the shape and the occupied space of the movable dust collecting hood assembly can be changed, so that the mining rig can quickly adapt to different application environments.
  • the dust collecting hood 10 has a special shape and can be worn on the drill pipe 2.
  • the dust collecting cover 10 may include a tapered outer cover, a cylindrical outer cover, a tapered inner baffle, a first blocking member, and a second blocking member.
  • the top opening of the conical outer cover cooperates with one end opening of the cylindrical outer cover, and the side wall opening of the cylindrical outer cover serves as a dust outlet of the dust collecting cover 10, and the tapered outer cover opens a first notch along the direction of the conical generatrix;
  • the plate is correspondingly disposed in the conical outer cover, and the conical inner baffle opens a second notch at a corresponding position with the first notch, and the conical inner baffle and the conical outer cover are connected by the baffle connecting shaft, and the taper
  • the bottom opening of the inner baffle is smaller than the bottom opening of the conical outer cover, and a first suction opening is formed between the bottom opening of the conical inner baffle and the bottom opening of the conical outer cover, and the side wall of the conical inner baffle is at least a second suction port;
  • the first blocking member cooperates with the other end opening of the cylindrical outer cover, the first sealing member has a first drill rod connection port, and the second sealing member and the top portion of the tapered
  • the internal pressure of the borehole will spray the dust from the hole, and under the influence of the wind flow of the roadway, the dust flows toward the wind direction of the roadway, and the dust collecting hood 10 is arranged under the wind direction of the wind flow.
  • the gap is in the wind, and the dust can be sucked through the first suction port and the second suction port, and is discharged through the cavity between the tapered inner baffle and the tapered outer cover and the cavity in the cylindrical outer cover, and is discharged from the dust outlet.
  • the shape and proportion of the second suction port in the above structure can be designed according to actual application requirements, and a good dust suction effect can be achieved.
  • the first notch and the second notch on the dust collecting cover 10 can cause the massive particles at the drilling hole to be affected by gravity, and naturally fall from the notch, and the operator can observe the dust at the dust collecting cover 10 through the notch. Flow and drilling slag discharge.
  • the present invention also proposes a mining rig.
  • the mining rig according to the embodiment of the present invention includes the dust removing device of the mining rig according to the above embodiment of the present invention.
  • the specific embodiment reference may be made to the above embodiment. To avoid redundancy, details are not described herein.
  • the mining rig according to the embodiment of the invention not only has a dust removing function, but also has a simple structure, high flexibility and convenient use.
  • the description of the terms “one embodiment”, “some embodiments” and the like means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in connection with the embodiments or examples are included in at least one embodiment of the present invention. Or in the example. In the present specification, the schematic representation of the above terms is not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. In addition, various embodiments or examples described in the specification, as well as features of various embodiments or examples, may be combined and combined.

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Abstract

一种矿用钻机及其除尘装置，该矿用钻机包括钻机回转器（1）和钻杆（2），钻机回转器（1）在运转时带动钻杆（2）钻进以进行打钻工作，该除尘装置包括：集尘罩（10），集尘罩（10）对应钻杆（2）设置；旋风除尘器（20），旋风除尘器（20）的进风口通过除尘导管（40）与集尘罩（10）相连接；抽风机（30），抽风机（30）的吸风口通过除尘导管（40）与旋风除尘器（20）的出风口相连接，抽风机（30）通过传动机构（50）与钻机回转器（1）进行动力连接，钻机回转器（1）在运转时带动抽风机运转，以将集尘罩（10）处钻杆（2）钻进所产生的含尘空气抽至旋风除尘器中进行除尘，并将除尘后的空气抽至抽风机以便通过抽风机的排风口排出。该装置能够保证除尘效果，简化矿用钻机的结构，提高钻用矿机的灵活性和使用方便性。

Description

矿用钻机及其除尘装置 技术领域
本发明涉及矿用设备技术领域，特别涉及一种矿用钻机的除尘装置和一种矿用钻机。
背景技术
在矿区进行风动干式打钻作业时，会有大量的粉尘涌入作业空间。这不仅会给工人的健康造成了很大的影响，还会加速机械器件的磨损。更为严重的是，矿尘中的煤尘有些还具有燃烧爆炸性，因而会给打钻作业带来极大的安全威胁。
根据《煤矿安全规程》(2016版)第六百五一条的规定，打钻时需采取干式钻孔(眼)，并采取除尘器除尘等措施。目前市面上的风动干式除尘装置在除尘时一般需要引入外部动力，例如采用电机等装置提供除尘动力。煤矿井下的防爆要求通常都会导致打钻设备的体积较为庞大，而在引入除尘装置的外部动力后，打钻设备的体积进一步增大，这导致打钻设备无法灵活移动，操作使用极为不便。
发明内容
本发明旨在至少在一定程度上解决上述技术中的技术问题之一。为此，本发明的一个目的在于提出一种矿用钻机的除尘装置，不仅能够保证除尘效果，还能够简化矿用钻机的结构，从而提高钻用矿机的灵活性和使用方便性。
本发明的第二个目的在于提出一种矿用钻机。
为达到上述目的，本发明第一方面实施例提出了一种矿用钻机的除尘装置，其中，所述矿用钻机包括钻机回转器和钻杆，所述钻机回转器在运转时带动所 述钻杆钻进以进行打钻工作，所述除尘装置包括：集尘罩，所述集尘罩对应所述钻杆设置；旋风除尘器，所述旋风除尘器的进风口通过除尘导管与所述集尘罩相连接；抽风机，所述抽风机的吸风口通过除尘导管与所述旋风除尘器的出风口相连接，所述抽风机通过传动机构与所述钻机回转器进行动力连接，其中，所述钻机回转器在运转时带动所述抽风机运转，以将所述集尘罩处所述钻杆钻进所产生的含尘空气抽至所述旋风除尘器中进行除尘，并将除尘后的空气抽至所述抽风机以便通过所述抽风机的排风口排出。
根据本发明实施例的矿用钻机的除尘装置，通过设置依次连接的集尘罩、旋风除尘器和抽风机，并利用带动钻杆钻进的钻机回转器带动抽风机运转，以将集尘罩处钻杆钻进所产生的含尘空气抽至旋风除尘器中进行除尘，由此，不仅能够保证除尘效果，优化打钻工作的工作环境，提高打钻工作的安全性，还能够简化矿用钻机的结构，从而提高钻用矿机的灵活性和使用方便性。
另外，根据本发明上述实施例提出的矿用钻机的除尘装置还可以具有如下附加的技术特征：
进一步地，所述的矿用钻机的除尘装置还包括：变速箱，所述变速箱的输入轴通过传动机构与所述钻机回转器进行动力连接，所述变速箱的输出轴与所述抽风机进行动力连接，所述变速箱用于调节所述抽风机的转速。
进一步地，所述的矿用钻机的除尘装置还包括：除尘滤网，所述除尘滤网设置在所述抽风机的排风口处，所述除尘滤网用于对所述抽风机的排风口排出的空气进行过滤。
根据本发明的一个实施例，所述旋风除尘器为多个，多个所述旋风除尘器并联连接在所述集尘罩与所述抽风机之间。
根据本发明的一个实施例，所述传动机构包括传送带或齿轮。
为达到上述目的，本发明第二方面实施例提出了一种矿用钻机，其包括本发明第一方面实施例提出的矿用钻机的除尘装置。
根据本发明实施例的矿用钻机，不仅具有除尘功能，而且结构简单，灵活性和使用方便性较高。
本发明的附加方面和优点将在下面的描述中部分给出，部分将从下面的描述中变得明显，或通过对本发明的实践了解到。
附图说明
图1为根据本发明实施例的包括除尘装置的矿用钻机的结构示意图；
图2为根据本发明一个实施例的钻机回转器和抽风机的结构示意图；
图3为根据本发明一个实施例的钻机回转器和变速箱的结构示意图。
附图标记：
钻机回转器1、钻杆2、支架3，
集尘罩10、旋风除尘器20、抽风机30、除尘导管40、传动机构50、除尘滤网60、变速箱70，
风轮31，传送带51。
具体实施方式
下面详细描述本发明的实施例，所述实施例的示例在附图中示出，其中自始至终相同或类似的标号表示相同或类似的元件或具有相同或类似功能的元件。下面通过参考附图描述的实施例是示例性的，旨在用于解释本发明，而不能理解为对本发明的限制。
下面结合附图来描述本发明实施例的矿用钻机及其除尘装置。
图1为包括除尘装置的矿用钻机的结构示意图。
如图1所示，本发明实施例的矿用钻机，包括钻机回转器1、钻杆2和支撑钻机本体的支架3。其中，钻机回转器1在运转时可带动钻杆2钻进以进行打钻工作。
如图1所示，本发明实施例的矿用钻机的除尘装置可包括集尘罩10、旋风除尘器20和抽风机30。
其中，集尘罩10对应钻杆2设置；旋风除尘器20的进风口通过除尘导管40与集尘罩10相连接；抽风机30的吸风口通过除尘导管40与旋风除尘器20的出风口相连接，抽风机30通过传动机构50与钻机回转器1进行动力连接。在矿用钻机启动工作时，钻机回转器1在运转时可带动抽风机30运转，以将集尘罩10处钻杆2钻进所产生的含尘空气抽至旋风除尘器20中进行除尘，并将除尘后的空气抽至抽风机30以便通过抽风机30的排风口排出。
在本发明的一个实施例中，传动机构50可包括传送带或齿轮。
下面以传动机构50包括传送带为例来说明除尘装置的工作过程。参照图1和图2，在矿用钻机启动并向煤壁内钻孔作业时，钻机回转器1在运转带动钻杆2的同时，还可通过传送带51带动抽风机30中的风轮31转动，风轮31转动所产生的负压可为旋风除尘器20提供气流旋转动力，负压传递至集尘罩10处可抽吸钻孔口处的含尘空气。当含尘空气进入旋风除尘器20时，气流将由直线运动变为圆周运动，即可形成旋转气流。旋转气流的绝大部分沿旋风除尘器20的器壁呈螺旋形向下、朝旋风除尘器20的锥体流动。含尘气体在旋转过程中产生离心力，将重度大于气体的尘粒甩向器壁。尘粒一旦与器壁接触，便失去惯性力而靠入口速度的动量和向下的重力沿器壁表面下落，进入旋风除尘器20的排灰管。呈螺旋形向下的旋转气流在到达锥体时，因锥体形的收缩而向旋风除尘 器20中心靠拢。当旋转气流到达锥体下端某一位置时，即可以同样的旋转方向从旋风除尘器20中部，由下反转而上，继续作螺旋形流动，并经旋风除尘器20的出风口进入抽风机30，最终经抽风机30的排风口排出。
根据本发明实施例的矿用钻机的除尘装置，通过设置依次连接的集尘罩、旋风除尘器和抽风机，并利用带动钻杆钻进的钻机回转器带动抽风机运转，以将集尘罩处钻杆钻进所产生的含尘空气抽至旋风除尘器中进行除尘，由此，不仅能够保证除尘效果，优化打钻工作的工作环境，提高打钻工作的安全性，还能够简化矿用钻机的结构，从而提高钻用矿机的灵活性和使用方便性。
在本发明的其他实施例中，抽风机30也可以直接通过为钻机回转器1提供动力的电动机获得动力，即抽风机30可利用矿用钻机上已有的任何动力源进行运转，无需引入额外的动力源，从而达到上述有益效果。
上述的通过旋风除尘器进行除尘的过程可有效除去含尘空气中大粒径粉尘(例如直径大于5μm的煤尘)，实际上在含尘空气中还包括部分小粒径的呼吸性粉尘(例如直径小于5μm的粉尘)。为有效去除该呼吸性粉尘，在本发明的一个实施例中，如图1和图2所示，除尘装置还可包括除尘滤网60，除尘滤网60可设置在抽风机30的排风口处，除尘滤网60可用于对抽风机30的排风口排出的空气进行过滤。
由此，在经旋风除尘器的一级净化和除尘滤网的二级净化后，可将完全净化的空气排出，除尘效果较佳。
进一步地，如图3所示，本发明实施例的矿用钻机的除尘装置还可包括变速箱70。变速箱70的输入轴可通过传动机构(包括例如传送带与齿轮等，图3中以包括传送带51为例)与钻机回转器1进行动力连接，变速箱70的输出轴可与抽风机30进行动力连接，变速箱70可用于调节抽风机30的转速。通过调 节抽风机30的转速，能够产生不同大小的负压和抽风风量，从而便于根据打钻所产生的粉尘的量改变除尘量。应当理解，由于钻机回转器1是用以带动钻杆2钻进以进行打钻工作的，在进行打钻工作时，钻机回转器1的转速一般是根据钻杆的转速需求或钻进力度需求来进行调节的，而不适于根据除尘量的需求进行调节。鉴于此，通过设置具有多个档位的变速箱70，当变速箱70切换至不同的档位时，能够改变抽风机30的转速，从而调节除尘量。由此，通过在除尘装置中设置变速箱70，能够使本发明实施例的矿用钻机的除尘装置适用于多种场合。
另外需要说明的是，在本发明的其他实施例中，旋风除尘器20可为多个，多个旋风除尘器20并联连接在集尘罩10与抽风机30之间，即每个旋风除尘器20的进风口通过除尘导管与集尘罩10相连接，每个旋风除尘器20的出风口通过除尘导管与抽风机30的吸风口相连接。由此，通过多个旋风除尘器20同时工作，能够进一步提高除尘效果。
为使矿用钻机快速适应不同的应用环境，在本发明的一个实施例中，上述的集尘罩10还可通过移动连接机构与矿用钻机的滑道相连。具体地，移动连接机构可包括第一旋转盘、第一伸缩杆、第二伸缩杆和第二旋转盘，第一旋转盘的旋转端与集尘罩10的侧壁可拆卸相连；第一伸缩杆通过第一弯折件与第一旋转盘的固定端相连；第二伸缩杆通过第二弯折件与第一伸缩杆相连；第二旋转盘的旋转端与第二伸缩杆相连，第二旋转盘的固定端与矿用钻机的滑道可拆卸相连。
由此，通过第一旋转盘的旋转，可使集尘罩10移动以调整进尘口的朝向；通过第一伸缩杆的伸展与收缩，可使集尘罩10和第一旋转盘整体沿着第一伸缩杆的长度方向移动；通过第二伸缩杆的的伸展与收缩，可使集尘罩10、第一旋 转盘和第一伸缩杆整体沿着第二伸缩杆的长度方向移动移动；通过第二旋转盘的旋转，可使集尘罩10、第一旋转盘、第一伸缩杆和第二伸缩杆整体移动。由此，可根据矿用钻机的应用需求改变进尘口的朝向，并改变可移动集尘罩组件的形态和占用空间大小，使矿用钻机能够快速适应不同的应用环境。
在本发明的另一个实施例中，集尘罩10具有特殊形状，并可穿设在钻杆2上。具体地，集尘罩10可包括锥形外罩、柱形外罩、锥形内挡板、第一封堵件和第二封堵件。其中，锥形外罩的顶部开口与柱形外罩一端开口相配合，柱形外罩的侧壁开口作为集尘罩10的出尘口，锥形外罩沿圆锥母线方向开设第一缺口；锥形内挡板对应设置在锥形外罩之内，锥形内挡板在与第一缺口的对应位置处开设第二缺口，锥形内挡板和锥形外罩之间通过挡板连接轴进行连接，锥形内挡板的底部开口小于锥形外罩的底部开口，在锥形内挡板的底部开口与锥形外罩的底部开口之间形成第一吸尘口，锥形内挡板的侧壁上开设至少一个第二吸尘口；第一封堵件与柱形外罩的另一端开口相配合，第一封堵件上开设第一钻杆连接口，第二封堵件与锥形内挡板的顶部开口相配合，第二封堵件上开设第二钻杆连接口。其中，矿用钻机的钻杆穿过第一钻杆连接口，以将集尘罩10穿设在钻杆2上。
在矿用钻机进行打钻工作时，钻孔内压风将粉尘从孔内喷出，并在巷道风流的影响下，粉尘流向偏向巷道风流下风向，集尘罩10布置在其风流下风向，缺口迎风，粉尘可通过第一吸尘口和第二吸尘口吸入，并经过锥形内挡板与锥形外罩之间的空腔、柱形外罩内的空腔，由出尘口排出，能够实现更好的吸尘效果。上述结构中第二吸尘口的形状和比例可根据实际应用需求进行设计，能够实现良好的吸尘效果。集尘罩10上的第一缺口和第二缺口，可使打钻口处的块状颗粒受重力影响，从缺口处自然下落，并且通过该缺口可以方便作业者观 察集尘罩10处的粉尘流动和钻孔排渣情况。
对应上述实施例，本发明还提出一种矿用钻机。
本发明实施例的矿用钻机，包括本发明上述实施例提出的矿用钻机的除尘装置，其具体的实施方式可参照上述实施例，为避免冗余，在此不再赘述。
根据本发明实施例的矿用钻机，不仅具有除尘功能，而且结构简单，灵活性和使用方便性较高。
在本发明的描述中，需要理解的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上。术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”、“固定”等术语应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或成一体；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
在本说明书的描述中，参考术语“一个实施例”、“一些实施例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本发明的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中，对上述术语的示意性表述不必须针对的是相同的实施例或示例。而且，描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。此外，在不相互矛盾的情况下，本领域的技术人员可以将本说明书中描述的不同实施例或示例以及不同实施例或示例的特征进行结合和组合。
尽管上面已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例，可以理解的是，上述实施例是示例性的，不能理解为对本发明的限制，本领域的普通技术人员在本发明的范围内可以对上述实施例进行变化、修改、替换和变型。

Claims (6)

  1. 一种矿用钻机的除尘装置，其特征在于，所述矿用钻机包括钻机回转器和钻杆，所述钻机回转器在运转时带动所述钻杆钻进以进行打钻工作，所述除尘装置包括：
    集尘罩，所述集尘罩对应所述钻杆设置；
    旋风除尘器，所述旋风除尘器的进风口通过除尘导管与所述集尘罩相连接；
    抽风机，所述抽风机的吸风口通过除尘导管与所述旋风除尘器的出风口相连接，所述抽风机通过传动机构与所述钻机回转器进行动力连接，
    其中，所述钻机回转器在运转时带动所述抽风机运转，以将所述集尘罩处所述钻杆钻进所产生的含尘空气抽至所述旋风除尘器中进行除尘，并将除尘后的空气抽至所述抽风机以便通过所述抽风机的排风口排出。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的矿用钻机的除尘装置，其特征在于，还包括：
    变速箱，所述变速箱的输入轴通过传动机构与所述钻机回转器进行动力连接，所述变速箱的输出轴与所述抽风机进行动力连接，所述变速箱用于调节所述抽风机的转速。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的矿用钻机的除尘装置，其特征在于，还包括：
    除尘滤网，所述除尘滤网设置在所述抽风机的排风口处，所述除尘滤网用于对所述抽风机的排风口排出的空气进行过滤。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的矿用钻机的除尘装置，其特征在于，所述旋风除尘器为多个，多个所述旋风除尘器并联连接在所述集尘罩与所述抽风机之间。
  5. 根据权利要求1或2所述的矿用钻机的除尘装置，其特征在于，所述传动机构包括传送带或齿轮。
  6. 一种矿用钻机，其特征在于，包括根据权利要求1-5中任一项所述的矿用钻机的除尘装置。
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