WO2019137906A1 - Dispositif anti-sismique perfectionné à dissipateur axial - Google Patents

Dispositif anti-sismique perfectionné à dissipateur axial Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019137906A1
WO2019137906A1 PCT/EP2019/050328 EP2019050328W WO2019137906A1 WO 2019137906 A1 WO2019137906 A1 WO 2019137906A1 EP 2019050328 W EP2019050328 W EP 2019050328W WO 2019137906 A1 WO2019137906 A1 WO 2019137906A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
dissipator
axial
flexural
hinge
bracket
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2019/050328
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Innocenzo BECCI
Original Assignee
Becci Innocenzo
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from IT201800000649A external-priority patent/IT201800000649A1/it
Priority claimed from IT102018000004370A external-priority patent/IT201800004370A1/it
Application filed by Becci Innocenzo filed Critical Becci Innocenzo
Publication of WO2019137906A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019137906A1/fr

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/02—Structures consisting primarily of load-supporting, block-shaped, or slab-shaped elements
    • E04B1/04—Structures consisting primarily of load-supporting, block-shaped, or slab-shaped elements the elements consisting of concrete, e.g. reinforced concrete, or other stone-like material
    • E04B1/043—Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/20—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of concrete, e.g. reinforced concrete, or other stonelike material
    • E04B1/21—Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E04B1/215—Connections specially adapted therefor comprising metallic plates or parts
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/38—Connections for building structures in general
    • E04B1/41—Connecting devices specially adapted for embedding in concrete or masonry
    • E04B1/4114—Elements with sockets
    • E04B1/4121—Elements with sockets with internal threads or non-adjustable captive nuts
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/88—Curtain walls
    • E04B2/90—Curtain walls comprising panels directly attached to the structure
    • E04B2/94—Concrete panels

Definitions

  • the present patent application for industrial invention relates to an anti- seismic device used to connect two structural elements of a building, such as for example a wall or a panel to a beam.
  • WO2014/166849 discloses an aseismic connection device comprising: - a deformable bar fixed to a beam and
  • Said aseismic connection device has an excellent resistance to the tractive stress produced when the beam and the panel are moved away. Nevertheless, the aseismic device does not withstand the compression stress produced when the beam and the panel are moved closer. Consequently, during the seismic oscillations, hammering from impulsive load is produced between the beam and the panel because of the lack of constraint under compression. Such hammering increases when the spaces created between the panel and the beam are increased, because of the flexural deformation of the deformable bar and of the extension of the ring that represents the sliding element.
  • US2013/051903 discloses a device for connecting two structural elements. Such a device comprises:
  • Each coupling is composed of a sleeve and of a plate provided with an overturned U-shaped groove.
  • Each coupling is connected to the corresponding connector by means of a bolt that is engaged in the sleeve and acts as hinge, in such a way to permit a rotation of the coupling around an axis orthogonal to the longitudinal axis of the flexural dissipator.
  • the couplings are connected to the sliding element by means of a bar that is engaged in the overturned U-shaped grooves of the plates of the couplings and in the U-shaped grooves of supports that are joined to the sliding element.
  • a bar acts as hinge to permit a rotation of the couplings around an axis parallel to the longitudinal axis of the flexural dissipator.
  • a first inconvenience consists in the fact that the plates of the couplings and the supports of the sliding element do not surround the bar of the hinge completely. Consequently, in case of a combination of sussultatory oscillations in vertical direction with undulatory oscillations in horizontal direction produced by an earthquake, the two structural elements can move mutually because the plates of the couplings and the supports of the sliding element do not hold the bar of the hinge. Therefore, such a device is not capable of absorbing seismic sussultatory oscillations. Moreover, in case of seismic actions that deform the device permanently, the plates of the couplings no longer adhere to the bar of the hinge. Therefore a clearance is created between the plates and the sliding element. Such a clearance produces impulsive hammering and amplifications of the horizontal undulatory oscillations, causing an early failure of the device.
  • the plates of the couplings are not capable of acting as axial dissipators in case of undulatory oscillations, acting instead as non-dissipating connectors that are not capable of preventing a hammering effect due to the clearance produced by the deformations that occur during the earthquake.
  • Another drawback consists in the incapability of absorbing the rotations of the system around an axis in the horizontal plane orthogonal to the longitudinal axis of the flexural dissipator because of a rotation around said axis. Being provided with two supports at the ends, the flexural dissipator tends to come out of the slides because of said rotation. In fact, the first support tends to be compressed around the flexural dissipator, and the second support tends to move away from the flexural dissipator. Consequently, the first support tends to get caught with the flexural dissipator and the second support tends to open, losing the ability to hold the bar.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to eliminate the drawbacks of the prior art by disclosing an anti-seismic device used to connect two structural elements, which is reliable and capable of controlling the sliding of a sliding element on a deformable bar.
  • Another purpose of the present invention is to disclose such an anti- seismic device that is capable of avoiding hammering between the structural elements and of dampening seismic actions, also when the sliding element is situated at the ends of the deformable bar.
  • Another purpose of the present invention is to disclose such a connection system that is capable of eliminating or controlling the tensional increase caused by sussultatory seismic actions that stress the anti-seismic device with vertical actions.
  • Another purpose of the present invention is to disclose such a connection system that is capable of eliminating or controlling the tensional increase caused by relative rotations between the connected elements imposed by the seismic excitation.
  • the anti-seismic device of the invention is defined in claim 1.
  • the axial dissipator comprises a bracket that is shaped as a U-bent plate and is fixed to two flanges, which act as jaws, suitable for frictionally sliding in axial direction relative to the bracket because of axial stress both in traction and in compression, in order to balance the movements caused by compression actions, in which the structural elements are moved closer, and the movements caused by traction actions, in which the structural elements are moved away.
  • the sliding element comprises a sleeve that closed as a ring around the flexural dissipator.
  • the sliding element surrounds the flexural dissipator completely. Therefore, in case of sussultatory oscillations in vertical direction, the sleeve of the sliding element holds the flexural dissipator, thus guaranteeing a stable connection between the structural elements.
  • the hinges of the anti-seismic device contribute to control the sliding of the sliding element on the flexural dissipator also in case of defective mounting of the flexural dissipator.
  • the advantages of the anti-seismic device according to the present invention appear evident because it permits to compensate the movements caused by the compressive and tractive actions suffered by the anti-seismic device during an earthquake. Moreover, it guarantees the sliding of the sliding element on the flexural dissipator also in case of defective mounting of the flexural dissipator.
  • Fig. 1 is a perspective view of the anti-seismic device according to the invention, applied to two structural elements of a building structure;
  • Fig. 2 is an enlarged view of the anti-seismic device of Fig. 1 ;
  • Fig. 3 is an exploded view of the anti-seismic device of Fig. 2;
  • Fig. 4 is an exploded view of the axial dissipator and of the sliding element of Fig. 3;
  • Fig. 5 is an assembled view of the axial dissipator and of the sliding element of Fig. 4;
  • Fig. 6 is a perspective view of the axial dissipator during a compression action, in which a lateral flange has been omitted;
  • Fig. 7 is the same view as Fig. 6, but during a tractive action
  • Fig. 8 is an enlarged view of the connector of Fig. 3;
  • Fig. 9 is an exploded view of the axial dissipator of Fig. 3;
  • Figs. 10 and 11 are perspective side views of the anti-seismic device after a raising movement of the beam relative to the panel because of sussultatory action from down upwards;
  • Figs. 12 and 13 are perspective side views of the anti-seismic device after a lowering movement of the beam relative to the panel because of sussultatory action from up downwards;
  • Fig. 14 is a perspective view of the anti-seismic device according to the invention, with a defective mounting of the flexural dissipator in the plane of the beam;
  • Figs. 15 and 16 are two top views of the anti-seismic device of Fig. 14, in which the sliding element is disposed near the left end and near the right end of the flexural dissipator, respectively;
  • Fig. 17 is a diagrammatic view of a plurality of panels connected to a beam by means of the anti-seismic device of the invention, wherein the beam is curved because of a sussultatory seismic stress that inflects the beam downwards;
  • Fig. 18 is the same view as Fig. 17, after a rocking phenomenon of the panels caused by an oscillatory seismic action in the plane of the panels that are rotated around the supporting corner of the panels;
  • Fig. 19 is a perspective view of the anti-seismic device according to the invention, with a defective mounting of the flexural dissipator, with an accidental rotation in the plane of the panel around the axis orthogonal to the plane of the panel passing through the hinge of the connection device of the panel;
  • Fig. 20 is a back view of the anti-seismic device of Fig. 19 with defective mounting after a rocking phenomenon of the panel;
  • Fig. 21 is an exploded perspective view of a second embodiment of the anti-seismic device according to the invention.
  • Fig. 22 is a perspective view of the anti-seismic device of Fig. 21 in assembled condition
  • Fig. 23 is a perspective view of the anti-seismic device of Fig.22 applied to two structural elements of a building structure;
  • Figs. 24 and 25 are two perspective side views of the device of Fig. 23 during a lowering movement of the beam relative to the panel;
  • Figs. 26 and 27 are two perspective side views of the device of Fig. 23 during a raising movement of the beam relative to the panel;
  • Fig. 28 is a perspective view of the anti-seismic device of Fig. 23, in which the axis of the flexural dissipator is not parallel to the axis of the beam;
  • Figs. 29 and 30 are two top views of the anti-seismic device of Fig. 28, in which the sliding element is disposed near the right end and near the left end of the flexural dissipator, respectively;
  • Fig. 31 is a front view of the anti-seismic device of Fig. 28 after a rocking oscillation of the wall;
  • Fig. 31 A is a detail of Fig. 31 ;
  • Fig. 32 is a front view of the anti-seismic device of Fig. 28 after an inflection oscillation caused by sussultatory stress of the beam;
  • Fig. 32A is a detail of Fig. 32;
  • Fig. 33 is a perspective view of a third embodiment of the anti-seismic device.
  • Fig. 34 is an exploded view of the connector of the anti-seismic device of Fig. 33;
  • Fig. 35 is a perspective view of a fourth embodiment of the anti-seismic device.
  • Fig. 36 is an exploded view of the connector of the anti-seismic device of Fig. 35;
  • Fig. 37 is an exploded view of the axial dissipator of the anti-seismic device of Fig. 35.
  • Fig. 1 shows a first structural element (T), such as for example a beam, and a second structural element (P), such as for example a panel or a wall of a building.
  • the second structural element (P) is intended to be connected to the first structural element (T) by means of the anti-seismic device (1 ).
  • the terms“transverse” and “longitudinal” refer to the transverse direction and to the longitudinal direction of the first structural element (T), respectively.
  • the first structural element (T) When the first structural element (T) is connected to the second structural element (P), an internal surface (P1 ) of the second structural element is stopped against a longitudinal edge of the first structural element (T).
  • the first structural element (T) has an upper surface (T1 ) orthogonal to the internal surface (P1 ) of the second structural element.
  • the anti-seismic device (1 ) comprises: - a flexural dissipator (2) composed of a deformable bar suitable for being fixed to the first structural element (T),
  • the flexural dissipator (2) has a longitudinal axis (X).
  • the flexural dissipator (2) is fixed on the upper surface (T1 ) of the first structural element (T) in such a way that the longitudinal axis (X) of the flexural dissipator is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the first structural element (T).
  • the axial dissipator (8) is extended or contracted along a transverse axis (Z) that is orthogonal to the longitudinal axis (X) of the flexural dissipator.
  • the longitudinal axis (X) of the flexural dissipator can be inclined relative to the upper surface (T1 ) of the first structural element and to the internal surface (P1 ) of the second structural element by a maximum angle of 7°.
  • a first hinge (200) permits a rotation of the sliding element (4) around the longitudinal axis (X) of the flexural dissipator (2),
  • the axial dissipator (8) is connected to the sliding element (4) by means of a second hinge (5) that permits a rotation around a vertical axis (Y) orthogonal to the longitudinal axis (X) and to the transverse axis (Z).
  • the axial dissipator (8) is connected an intermediate flange
  • the intermediate flange (7) is connected to the connector (C) by means of a fourth hinge (6) that permits a rotation around the transverse axis (Z).
  • the axial dissipator (8) comprises a bracket (80) that consists in a U-bent plate.
  • the bracket (80) of the axial dissipator (8) comprises a base (81 ) and two wings (82). Each wing (82) comprises an inclined portion (89) that converges towards the base (81 ).
  • the base (81 ) is faced towards the connector (C) and the wings (82) are faced towards the flexural dissipator (2). Moreover, the two wings (82) of the bracket (80) of the axial dissipator are disposed on planes above and under the longitudinal axis (X) of the flexural dissipator (2). The transverse axis (Z) orthogonally passes by the center of the base (81 ) of the axial dissipator.
  • Holes (85) with axis that coincides with the vertical axis (Y) of the second hinge (5) are obtained in the two wings (82) of the axial dissipator.
  • the vertical axis (Y) is orthogonal to the longitudinal axis (X) of the flexural dissipator and to the transverse axis (Z).
  • the axial dissipator (8) also comprises two flanges (108) that are shaped like a triangular plate and fixed as jaws on both sides of the bracket (80), in such a way to frictionally slide relative to the bracket (8) along the axis (Z).
  • Said flanges (108) permit a movement because of traction and because of compression in order to compensate a movement caused by actions in which the structural elements (P, T) are moved away, as well as a movement caused by actions in which the structural elements (P, T) are moved closer.
  • Each flange (108) comprises three holes (180; 181 ) disposed at the corners of the flange.
  • Two bolts (182) are inserted in the first two holes (180) of the flanges and in the triangular housing of the bracket near the stiffening means (88).
  • the bolts (182) are tightened with nuts (183) in such a way to fix the bracket (80) between the two flanges (108) that act as jaws.
  • Cup springs (184) are disposed around the bolts (182) in such a way to be disposed and compressed between the head of the bolts and the first flange (108) and between the nuts (183) and the second flange (109).
  • the third hinge (9) comprises a cylindrical pin (90) that is revolvingly mounted inside the holes (181 ) of the two flanges (108) of the axial dissipator.
  • the cylindrical pin (90) passes through the triangular housing of the bracket (80) near the base (81 ) of the bracket.
  • the cylindrical pin (90) has two radial through holes (93) that receive bolts (94) screwed in peripheral threaded holes (71 ) of the intermediate flange (7).
  • the axial dissipator (8) can rotate around the axis (X1 ) of the cylindrical pin (90) that coincides with the axis of the third hinge (9).
  • the base (81 ) and the stiffening means (88) also act as end-of-travel position when the cylindrical pin (9) is stopped against the base (81 ) and when the bolts (182) are stopped against the stiffening means (88).
  • the flanges (108) acting as jaws are used to improve the seismic response of the anti-seismic device (1 ) to eliminate the degradation of the steel suffered by the bracket (80) because of cyclic actions that generate failure in the bracket caused by fatigue that is difficult to control.
  • Such a system with jaws dissipates energy, taking advantage of the friction between metal parts (flanges (108) and bracket (80)).
  • the two flanges (108) are viced to the bracket (80) of the axial dissipator by means of the cup springs (184) used to constantly maintain the fixing action.
  • the bracket (80) has a shaped profile in order to avoid variations caused by axial actions and is provided with the stiffening means (88) between the two wings (82) in order to avoid any variation in the shape of the bracket and acts as end-of-travel position for the bolts (182) of the flanges.
  • the two bolts (182) that are inserted in the flanges (109) reach the end-of-travel position when the frictional force between the flanges (108) and the bracket (80) is overcome. In view of the above, impulsive loads and cyclic deformations of the components are avoided because of the attractive resistance.
  • Fig. 6 shows the axial dissipator (8) after a compression movement.
  • the flanges (108) slide relative to the bracket (80) and the bolts (182) are moved closer to the stiffening means (88) of the bracket, whereas the cylindrical pin (80) of the third hinge is moved away from the base (81 ) of the bracket.
  • Fig. 7 shows the axial dissipator (8) after a traction movement.
  • the flanges (108) slide relative to the bracket (80) and the bolts (182) are moved away from the stiffening means (88) of the bracket, whereas the cylindrical pin (80) of the third hinge is moved closer to the base (81 ) of the bracket.
  • sliding bearings (not shown in the figures) can be disposed between the flanges (108) and the bracket (80).
  • Said sliding bearings operate as friction lining and are made of a material with high friction relative to the flanges (108) and to the bracket (80).
  • the friction materials used for said sliding bearings can consist in different composition of aramide, resin, ceramics, aluminum oxide, graphite and coal.
  • the flexural dissipator (2) can be a metal section, for example a steel section, can have a tubular shape and can be internally empty.
  • the flexural dissipator (2) is connected to the first structural element (T) by means of supports (300) formed of two flanges (3, 3’) disposed at the ends of the flexural dissipator (2).
  • the flanges (3, 3’) are connected to the upper surface (T1 ) of the first structural element in such a way to raise the flexural dissipator (2) relative to the first structural element (T), defining a gap (G) between the upper surface (T1 ) of the first structural element and the flexural dissipator (2).
  • the longitudinal axis (X) of the flexural dissipator (2) is parallel to the internal surface (P1 ) of the second structural element.
  • Each flange (3, 3’) has an L-shaped cross-section and comprises a first wing (30) connected to the first structural element (T) and a second wing (31 ) connected to the flexural dissipator (2).
  • the first wing (30) of the first flange (3) has a slot (32) that extends in parallel direction to the longitudinal axis (X) of the flexural dissipator.
  • the first wing (30) of the second flange (3’) has a slot (32’) that extends along an orthogonal direction to the longitudinal axis (X) of the flexural dissipator.
  • Bolts or anchors (33) pass through the slots (32, 32’) of each flange and are firmly engaged in the first structural element (T). It must be noted that the slots (32, 32’) of the flanges (3, 3’) are disposed in orthogonal position.
  • the slot (32) of the first flange (3) is parallel to the longitudinal axis (X) to mount the anti-seismic device astride two different beams. In such a case, the slot (32) is to be disposed on a smooth surface in order to avoid the stress on the bolt (33) produced by temperature variations between the beams. Instead, the slot (32’) of the second flange (3’) is orthogonal to the longitudinal axis (X) to minimize mounting mistakes.
  • a small plate (34) is connected to the bolt (33) of the second flange in order to control said orthogonal translation.
  • the small plate (34) is stopped against the first wing (30) of the second flange, producing friction between the small plate (34) and the first wing (30).
  • the small plate (34) has a grooved or knurled lower surface that is engaged with a grooved or knurled upper surface (36) of the first wing of the second flange.
  • the grooved surface (36) of the first wing of the second flange has a plurality of ribs that protrude in upper position from the first wing of the second flange in parallel direction to the longitudinal axis (X) of the flexural dissipator.
  • Such a grooved surface (36) of the second flange (3’) is used to hold the anti-seismic device (1 ) in the most correct position possible.
  • each flange has a slot (38) that extends in a direction orthogonal to the longitudinal axis (X) of the flexural dissipator and to the slot (32’) of the first wing of the second flange.
  • Two attachments (20) are disposed at the ends of the flexural dissipator
  • Each attachment (20) is provided with a threaded hole (21 ) with axis that coincides with the longitudinal axis (X) of the flexural dissipator.
  • Screws (22) are inserted in the slots (38) of the flanges (90) and tightened in the threaded holes (21 ) of the attachment.
  • the slots (38) disposed in parallel direction to the axis (Y) permit to adjust the flexural dissipator (2) in vertical direction during mounting.
  • the slots (38) permit to control the movements caused by the seismic sussultatory actions when the resistance caused by the friction generated during the tightening of the screws (22) is exceeded.
  • the screws (22) act as pivoting axis, moving in the slots (38) of the flanges. Consequently, the flexural dissipator (2) can rotate around the longitudinal axis (X) of the flexural dissipator, forming the first hinge (200) if the torsions generated around the longitudinal axis (X) by the seismic actions are higher than the resistance caused by the friction generated when tightening the screws (22).
  • the dimensions of the slots (38) of the flanges permit to control the rotation of the flexural dissipator around the axis (Z) of the axial dissipator.
  • Such a device permits to compensate the stress suffered by the flexural dissipator (2) and by all the components that are connected to the flexural dissipator (2) during an earthquake because the rotation imposed between the structural elements (P) and (T) is prevented.
  • the flexural dissipator (2) is not cylindrical, the flexural dissipator is connected to the flanges (3) and (3’) of Fig. 9 in such a way to rotate around the longitudinal axis (X), being the first hinge (200). If the flexural dissipator (2) is cylindrical and also the sliding element (4) is cylindrical, the sliding element (4) can rotate around the longitudinal axis (X) of the flexural dissipator, being the first hinge (200) regardless of the way in which the flexural dissipator (2) is fixed.
  • the first hinge (200) comprises a revolving mounting of the flexural dissipator (2) in the supports (300) and/or a mounting of the sliding element (4) on the flexural dissipator (2).
  • the sliding element (4) comprises a sleeve (40) closed as a ring around the flexural dissipator (2).
  • the sleeve (40) has a tubular cylindrical shape.
  • the sliding element (4) can slide on the flexural dissipator (2) in the gap (G) between the flexural dissipator (2) and the first structural element (T).
  • the flanges (3) disposed at the ends of the flexural dissipator (2) act as end-of-travel position for the sliding element (4).
  • the sleeve (40) of the sliding element is disposed between the two wings
  • a Teflon insert (41 ) is disposed in the sleeve (40) and is suitable for sliding on the flexural dissipator.
  • the Teflon insert (41 ) has a cylindrical shape.
  • the Teflon insert (41 ) acts as sliding bearing.
  • the flexural dissipator (2) is made of steel and steel and Teflon have a very low friction coefficient (approximately 0.04), the sliding element (4) can slide on the flexural dissipator (2) with very low resistance values.
  • the sleeve (40) and the Teflon insert (41 ) have through diametric holes (42, 43) with axis that coincides with the vertical axis (Y) of the first hinge (5).
  • the sliding element (4) is disposed between the wings (82) of the axial dissipator in such a manner that the holes (85) of the wings of the axial dissipator are aligned with the holes (43) of the sliding element.
  • the holes (43) of the sliding element are threaded holes.
  • the sleeve (40) has a tubular cylindrical shape, just like the flexural dissipator (2), the sleeve (40) forms the first hinge (200), permitting a rotation around the longitudinal axis (X) of the flexural dissipator that is eventually prevented by the torsional friction between the flexural dissipator (2) and the plates (31 ) of the flanges (3, 3’) due to the overtightening of the screws (22).
  • Screws (50) are inserted in the holes (85) of the wings of the axial dissipator and tightened in the threaded holes (43) of the sliding element in such a way to form the second hinge (5) that permits the rotation of the axial dissipator around the vertical axis (Y).
  • the screws (50) tightened in the threaded holes (43) of the sliding element are partially threaded to prevent overtightening. If the screws (50) are completely threaded, bushings (51 ) must be used as spacing washers with a higher thickness than the flanges (82) in order to act as end-of-travel position for the tightening of the screws (50) and let the axial dissipator (8) rotate around the vertical axis (Y).
  • the intermediate flange (7) has a central hole (70) and two threaded peripheral holes (71 ) in diametrically opposite positions.
  • the connector (C) comprises anchoring clamps (100) suitable for anchoring to the second structural elements (P) and a sleeve (61 ) is fixed to the anchoring clamps (100).
  • the sleeve (61 ) has an axial hole (62) with axis that coincides with the transverse axis (Z).
  • the fourth hinge (6) comprises a pin (60) that is inserted through the central hole (70) of the intermediate flange (7) and is revolvingly engaged in the axial hole (62) of the sleeve (61 ) of the connector.
  • the pin (60) can have a threaded portion (65) that is screwed into a nut (63).
  • the intermediate flange (7) which is integral with the axial dissipator (8), can rotate relative to the connector (C) around the transverse axis (Z).
  • the longitudinal axis (X) of the flexural dissipator (2), the vertical axis (Y) of the first hinge (5) and the transverse axis (Z) of the fourth hinge (6) form a set of three Cartesian or non-Cartesian axes because the longitudinal axis (X) can be inclined because of defective mounting in the horizontal plane parallel to the upper surface (T1 ) of the first structural element around an axis parallel to the axis (Y) and in the vertical plane parallel to the surface (P1 ) of the second structural element around the axis (Z).
  • the anti-seismic device (1 ) permits a free linear relative movement of the first structural element (T) relative to the second structural element (P) in the direction of the longitudinal axis (X) because the sliding element (4) can slide freely relative to the flexural dissipator (2) along the longitudinal axis (X) of the flexural dissipator, permitting oscillatory actions that are parallel to the longitudinal axis (X); the provision of the second hinge (5) avoids the jamming of the system in case of rotations around the axis (Y) that would hinder the linear translation of the sliding element (4) along the longitudinal axis (X) of the flexural dissipator.
  • the anti- seismic device (1 ) permits a free linear relative movement in vertical direction of the first structural element (T) relative to the second structural element (P) because the kinematic movement of double simultaneous rotation around the axes (X) and (X1 ), respectively around the first and the third hinge, corresponds to a free vertical translation in parallel direction to the vertical axis (Y). Furthermore, the rotations around the axes (X) and (X1 ) cancel the torsions caused by such a hindrance.
  • the anti-seismic device (1 ) permits a free relative rotating movement of the second structural element (P) relative to the first structural element (T) around the transverse axis (Z) because of the provision of the fourth hinge (6).
  • the relative rotations between the structural elements (P, T) are generated because of the rocking effect shown in Fig. 18, in which the panels (P) tend to rotate around a base corner due to the undulatory oscillations, and because of the sussultatory oscillations in which the beam (T) is inflected in the plane parallel to the surface (P1 ) of the panel.
  • the longitudinal axis (X) of the flexural dissipator is forced to rotate around the transverse axis (Z) to be disposed in parallel direction to the tangent of the inflection curve of the beam (T).
  • the amount of the relative rotation for inflection of the beam (T) varies along the longitudinal axis of the beam and is maximum in the support areas and null in the central areas.
  • the anti-seismic device (1 ) dampens the oscillatory actions in the direction of the transverse axis (Z), controlling the relative movement of the second structural element (P) relative to the first structural element (T), in the direction of the transverse axis (Z) because of the provision of the axial dissipator (8) and of the flexural dissipator (2).
  • the flexural dissipator (2) which is integral with the first structural element (T), can slide relative to the sliding element (4) in the direction of the axis (X), regardless of the second structural element (P), permitting relative displacements between the structural elements (P) and (T) in such a way to eliminate the impulsive stress between the structural elements (P) and (T) and in the components of the anti-seismic device (1 ), thus avoiding all possible failures.
  • the axial dissipator (8) is stretched and extended because of the translation of the flanges (108) relative to the bracket (80) and the flexural dissipator (2) is inflected in the plane parallel to the upper surface (T1 ) in such a way to control the parting movement; instead, when the structural elements (P, T) are moved closer, the axial dissipator (8) is compressed and shortened (because of the translation of the flanges (108) relative to the bracket (80)) and the flexural dissipator (2) is inflected in the plane parallel to the upper surface (T1 ) in such a way to control the approaching movement.
  • the axial dissipator (8) and the flexural dissipator (2) compensate the oscillations of the first structural element (T) in the direction of the transverse axis (Z), preventing the first structural element (T) from violently hitting against the second structural element (P) with consequent damage of the structural elements (P, T), also avoiding any possible damage of the connection system used to connect the axial dissipator to the connector, which would likewise suffer impulsive loads.
  • the structure of the axial dissipator (8) suitable for being extended and shortened in traction and in compression, and the presence of the first hinge (200), of the second hinge (5), of third hinge (9) and of fourth hinge (6) connected to the axial dissipator permit to control the compression of the Teflon insert (41 ) that acts as sliding bearing when the flexural dissipator (2) is defectively mounted with its longitudinal axis (X) not parallel to the plane (P1 ) of the structural element (P), and consequently not aligned relative to the sliding axis of the sliding element (4), and with its longitudinal axis (X) rotated around the transverse axis (Z).
  • the axial dissipator (8) makes simultaneous anticlockwise rotations around the third hinge (9) and around the longitudinal axis (X) of the first hinge (200).
  • Such a kinematic movement cancels the stress caused by the seismic sussultatory actions that inflect the first structural element (T) upwards.
  • the axial dissipator (8) makes simultaneous clockwise rotations around the third hinge (9) and around the longitudinal axis (X) of the first hinge (200).
  • Such a kinematic movement cancels the stress caused by the seismic sussultatory actions that inflect the first structural element (T) downwards.
  • Figs. 1 1 and 13 The kinematic movements indicated in Figs. 1 1 and 13 are such to ensure a connection between the structural elements (P, T), regardless of the displacements imposed by the seismic sussultatory action, because they permit relative movements in vertical direction of the structural elements (P, T) caused by the different seismic response to the seismic sussultatory stress. Consequently, with reference to the seismic sussultatory action, the stress caused by the torsion that would be generated in case of hindered kinematic movement is canceled.
  • Figs. 14 and 16 show the case in which the anti-seismic device (1 ) is mounted in a defective way, in which the axis (X) of the flexural dissipator (2) is not parallel to the internal surface (P2) of the second structural element. Such an installation would move the first structural element (T) and the second structural element (P) closer or farther during the sliding movement of the sliding movement (4) on the flexural dissipator (2).
  • the space (S) between the first structural element (T) and the second structural element (P) increases gradually while the sliding element (4) slides along the flexural dissipator (2) towards the area in which the distance between the flexural dissipator (2) and the second structural element (P) decreases.
  • the flexural dissipator (2) and the axial dissipator (8) are not only used to dampen the actions by which the two structural elements (T, P) are moved closer or farther, but are mainly used to control the forces that are generated when the sliding movement of the sliding element (4) is prevented by the defective mounting of the flexural dissipator (2).
  • Fig. 17 shows a plurality of panels (P) connected to a beam (T) by means of corresponding anti-seismic devices (1 ).
  • the anti-seismic devices can compensate the inflection of the beam and keep the panels (P) anchored.
  • Fig. 18 shows the situation in which the panels (P) suffer rocking oscillations because of an earthquake.
  • the deformation of the beam and the rocking effect of the panels are simultaneously possible because the sussultatory stress and the undulatory stress can be simultaneous.
  • the anti- seismic devices (1 ) can compensate the rocking movement of the panels (P).
  • Fig. 19 shows a situation in which the flexural dissipator (2) is mounted in a defective way, in which the axis (X) of the flexural dissipator (2) is not parallel to the upper surface (T1 ) of the first structural element.
  • Such mounting is possible because of the provision of the third hinge (6) of the anti-seismic device.
  • the second structural element (P) can make a rocking movement because of the provision of the fourth hinge (6) of the anti- seismic device, which permits a rotation around the connector (C) relative to the intermediate flange (7) that is integral with the axial dissipator (8).
  • the first structural element (T) is a wall provided with a recessed housing (T2), in which two pillars (T3) are disposed.
  • the second structural element (P) is a beam provided with an upper surface (P2).
  • the supports (300) of the flexural dissipator (2) are annular fixing elements suitable for surrounding and fixing the pillars (T3) of the first structural element.
  • each support (300) comprises a first U-shaped element (301 ) provided with two shanks (302) crossed by bolts (303) that are screwed into holes (304) of a bar (305).
  • One of the bolts (303) is inserted through a hole (29) disposed in the flexural dissipator (2).
  • the pillar (T3) (Fig.23) is fixed between the first U-shaped element (301 ) and the bar (305) and the flexural dissipator (2) is fixed to the supports (300).
  • the connector (C) comprises a flange (400) that is fixed on the structural element (P) by means of bolts or anchors (401 ).
  • a shank (402) is disposed on the flange (400) and is provided with a cylindrical hole that revolvingly receives the pin (60) that passes through the intermediate flange (7), in such a way to obtain the fourth hinge (6).
  • Figs. 24 to 32A illustrate the behavior of the anti-seismic device (1 a) during the various types of relative movements between the structural elements (T) and (P).
  • the behavior of the anti-seismic device (1 a) according to the second embodiment is identical to the behavior of the anti-seismic device (1 ) according to the first embodiment.
  • Figs. 33 and 34 illustrate an anti-seismic device (1 b) according to a third embodiment.
  • the intermediate flange (7) is omitted.
  • Two shanks (402) are disposed on the flange (400) of the connector (C) and provided with slot shaped holes (403) in parallel position and orthogonal to the longitudinal axis X.
  • the bolts (94) connected to the pin (90) of the third hinge are inserted with clearance in the slot-shaped holes (403).
  • Protective sleeves (404) are inserted onto the bolts (94) in order to be disposed with clearance inside the slot-shaped holes (403) of the shanks of the connector.
  • the bolts (94) of the pin of the third hinge can move in the slot-shaped holes (403) of the shanks of the flange of the connector, permitting a rotation of the pin (90) of the third hinge around the axis (Z) and acting as a fourth hinge (6) that permits a rotation around the axis (Z) of the axial dissipator (8) relative to the connector (C).
  • Figs. 35 and 37 illustrate an anti-seismic device (1 c) according to a fourth embodiment.
  • the two shanks (402) disposed on the flange (400) of the connector are provided with cylindrical holes that receive the bolts (94) of the pin (90) of the third hinge (9) without clearance.
  • the holes (85) of the wings of the bracket of the axial dissipator are slot shaped holes with a major axis parallel to the longitudinal axis (X).
  • the slot shaped holes (85) receive the screws (50) with clearance, which are screwed in the sliding element (4), in such a way that the axial dissipator (8) can rotate around the axis (Z) relative to the sliding element (4), thus obtaining the fourth hinge (6) that permits a rotation around the axis (Z) of the axial dissipator (8) relative to the sliding element (4).
  • the behavior of the anti-seismic device (1 b) of the third embodiment and of the anti-seismic device (1 c) of the fourth embodiment is identical to the one of the anti-seismic device (1 a) of the second embodiment illustrated in Figs. 24 to 32A. Therefore the figures that illustrate the various types of movements of the anti-seismic device (1 b) of the third embodiment and of the anti-seismic device (1 c) of the fourth embodiment are omitted.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Buildings Adapted To Withstand Abnormal External Influences (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif anti-sismique (1) comprenant : un dissipateur de flexion (2) approprié pour être fixé à un premier élément structural (T), un élément coulissant (4) monté de manière coulissante sur le dissipateur de flexion (2), un raccord (C) apte à être raccordé à un second élément structural (P), un dissipateur axial (8) qui raccorde ledit raccord (C) à l'élément coulissant (4), une première charnière (200), une deuxième charnière (5), une troisième charnière (9) et une quatrième charnière (6).
PCT/EP2019/050328 2018-01-09 2019-01-08 Dispositif anti-sismique perfectionné à dissipateur axial WO2019137906A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT102018000000649 2018-01-09
IT201800000649A IT201800000649A1 (it) 2018-01-09 2018-01-09 Dispositivo antisismico a più cerniere.
IT102018000004370A IT201800004370A1 (it) 2018-04-10 2018-04-10 Dispositivo antisismico con dissipatore assiale perfezionato.
IT102018000004370 2018-04-10

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2019137906A1 true WO2019137906A1 (fr) 2019-07-18

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2019/050328 WO2019137906A1 (fr) 2018-01-09 2019-01-08 Dispositif anti-sismique perfectionné à dissipateur axial

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WO (1) WO2019137906A1 (fr)

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2196664A (en) * 1986-10-31 1988-05-05 Ernest Bertram Lapish Wall tie for panels and claddings
US20130051903A1 (en) 2010-05-04 2013-02-28 Tae Yong Ra Variable fastener for fixing a curtain wall
WO2014166849A2 (fr) 2013-04-12 2014-10-16 Becci Innocenzo Dispositif de liaison parasismique pour liaison d'un panneau à une poutre
EP3029210A1 (fr) * 2014-12-03 2016-06-08 Baraclit S.p.A. Dispositif de fixation sismique, notamment pour des bâtiments préfabriqués

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2196664A (en) * 1986-10-31 1988-05-05 Ernest Bertram Lapish Wall tie for panels and claddings
US20130051903A1 (en) 2010-05-04 2013-02-28 Tae Yong Ra Variable fastener for fixing a curtain wall
WO2014166849A2 (fr) 2013-04-12 2014-10-16 Becci Innocenzo Dispositif de liaison parasismique pour liaison d'un panneau à une poutre
EP3029210A1 (fr) * 2014-12-03 2016-06-08 Baraclit S.p.A. Dispositif de fixation sismique, notamment pour des bâtiments préfabriqués

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