WO2019137015A1 - 一种二维辐射方向图可重构的天线系统 - Google Patents

一种二维辐射方向图可重构的天线系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019137015A1
WO2019137015A1 PCT/CN2018/102433 CN2018102433W WO2019137015A1 WO 2019137015 A1 WO2019137015 A1 WO 2019137015A1 CN 2018102433 W CN2018102433 W CN 2018102433W WO 2019137015 A1 WO2019137015 A1 WO 2019137015A1
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Prior art keywords
module
phase shifter
butler matrix
antenna
antenna system
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PCT/CN2018/102433
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
华彦平
陈凌云
张舜卿
周炯赛
赵从光
周涛
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江苏亨鑫科技有限公司
江苏亨鑫无线技术有限公司
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Priority to US16/474,859 priority Critical patent/US20200358181A1/en
Publication of WO2019137015A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019137015A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
    • H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
    • H01Q3/28—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the amplitude
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
    • H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
    • H01Q3/2605—Array of radiating elements provided with a feedback control over the element weights, e.g. adaptive arrays
    • H01Q3/2611—Means for null steering; Adaptive interference nulling
    • H01Q3/2617—Array of identical elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
    • H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
    • H01Q3/30—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
    • H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
    • H01Q3/30—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array
    • H01Q3/34—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array by electrical means
    • H01Q3/40—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array by electrical means with phasing matrix

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of wireless communication technologies, and in particular, to a two-dimensional radiation pattern reconfigurable antenna system.
  • each antenna controls a range of areas, called sectors or cells, in which the antenna receives and radiates electromagnetic waves, controls the radius of radiation by controlling the lobed downtilt, and sets the horizontal beam.
  • the width determines the sector coverage area of the cell.
  • the downtilt angle adjustment of the antenna can be performed in various ways, such as mechanical downtilt and electrical downshift.
  • the technical development has been relatively mature; and considering the sector coverage area of different cells, the index parameters such as the horizontal beam width of the antenna are required.
  • Corresponding adjustments have been made.
  • the existing conventional antenna beam width is fixed. Considering different application environments, it is necessary to re-develop and design new antennas to meet the requirements of the indicators, resulting in an increase in research and development costs and waste of antenna material resources.
  • the invention aims to provide a two-dimensional radiation pattern reconfigurable antenna system, which has adjustable beam width, simple structure and easy implementation.
  • the technical solution of the present invention is:
  • a two-dimensional radiation pattern reconfigurable antenna system comprising:
  • An antenna oscillator array module for transmitting and receiving signals which is composed of a plurality of equally spaced ⁇ 45° dual polarization oscillators;
  • a Butler matrix module for forming horizontal and vertical beam characteristics before the antenna element array module transmits a signal, which is composed of a 3 dB bridge;
  • phase shifter module for transmitting an input signal provided by a feed network or a transceiver and providing an input signal to said Butler Matrix module, comprising at least one phase shifter of equal power distribution;
  • phase shifter module has one input port and four output ports
  • the Butler matrix module has a plurality of input ports and a plurality of output ports
  • four output ports of the phase shifter module are associated with the Bart An input port of the Le matrix module is connected, and an output port of the Butler matrix module is connected to the antenna element array module.
  • the phase shifter is a mirror phase shifter.
  • the antenna element array module comprises four equally spaced ⁇ 45° dual-polarized vibrators with a spacing of 105 mm between adjacent vibrators.
  • the 3 dB bridge is a 90 degree 3 dB bridge.
  • the present invention at least includes the following beneficial effects:
  • the two-dimensional radiation pattern reconfigurable antenna system of the invention can realize adjustable and controllable amplitude distribution of signals by a multi-input and multi-output Butler matrix, thereby continuously adjusting the horizontal or vertical beam width of the antenna.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of an antenna system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view of an antenna system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an operation principle of an antenna system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 4 is a simulation diagram of a radiation pattern of an antenna system with a phase difference of 5°;
  • 5 is a simulation diagram of a radiation pattern of an antenna system with a phase difference of 20°;
  • Fig. 6 is a simulation diagram of a radiation pattern of an antenna system having a phase difference of 45°.
  • Phase shifter module 11.
  • Butler matrix module 12.
  • a two-dimensional radiation pattern reconfigurable antenna system includes:
  • An antenna element array module 13 for transmitting and receiving signals which is composed of a plurality of equally spaced ⁇ 45° dual-polarized oscillators;
  • a Butler matrix module 12 for forming horizontal and vertical beam characteristics before the antenna element array module 13 transmits a signal, which is composed of a 3 dB bridge;
  • phase shifter module 11 for transmitting an input signal provided by a feed network or a transceiver and providing an input signal to said Butler Matrix module 12, comprising at least one phase shifter of equal power distribution;
  • phase shifter module 11 has one input port and four output ports
  • the Butler matrix module 12 has a plurality of input ports and a plurality of output ports
  • the four output ports of the phase shifter module 11 are The input port of the Butler matrix module 12 is connected, and the output port of the Butler matrix module 12 is connected to the antenna element array module 13.
  • the module described in the foregoing solution is only the main module required by the antenna system, and may further include a feed network module for adjusting the antenna lobe down angle and the horizontal azimuth angle; the invention simultaneously combines the feed network module to realize the signal downtilt angle and The horizontal azimuth can be adjusted to improve the applicability of the antenna to the environment, saving research and development costs and antenna material resources, and the system structure is simple, and it is easy to remotely control and optimize the antenna in real time.
  • the number of bridges and the number of vibrators in the antenna block matrix module 12 and the antenna oscillator array module 13 are not limited to the number in the embodiment of the present invention, and have certain scalability.
  • the phase shifter is a mirror phase shifter.
  • the antenna element array module 13 includes four equally spaced ⁇ 45° dual-polarized vibrators with a spacing of 105 mm between adjacent vibrators.
  • the 3 dB bridge is a 90 degree 3 dB bridge.
  • the system includes a phase shifter module 11, a Butler matrix module 12, an antenna oscillator array module 13, an output signal of a system feed network or a transceiver.
  • a four-image mirror phase shifter module 11 is then input from the phase shifter to input a Butler matrix module 12 composed of a 90-degree 3dB bridge.
  • the output of the Butler matrix feeds the antenna oscillator array, and the antenna oscillator
  • the signal from the array is combined with the antenna lobe pattern.
  • the phase shifter the phase of the signal input to the Butler matrix is changed, thereby affecting the power of the output signal of the Butler matrix.
  • the antenna oscillator is fed with different powers, and the beam width of the antenna can be continuously adjusted within a certain angle range.
  • the input signal is represented by S_In
  • the four port output signals of the image phase shifter are respectively S_Out(1), S_Out(1), S_Out(3), S_Out( 4) indicates that the four-port output signal of the Butler Matrix Module 12 is represented by M_Out(1), M_Out(2), M_Out(3), M_Out(4), respectively, and the phase shifter phase is represented by Delta_Phz;
  • the phase difference between S_Out(1) and S_Out(2) is 2*Delta_Phz; for the same reason, the phase difference between S_Out(4) and S_Out(3) is also 2*Delta_Phz.
  • the input signal is equalized by the phase shifter of the equal power distribution to obtain the equal phase output power of the phase shifter.
  • the phase of the output signal is determined by the phase shifter.
  • the phase shifter output signal with equal phase difference is input to the two of the 90 degree 3dB bridge.
  • Input port according to the Butler matrix principle, the output signal of the Butler matrix can be obtained. Different power distribution output signals can be obtained by different phase differences. According to the working principle of the Butler matrix, the phase difference of the output signal of the Butler matrix of this structure can be known.
  • the phase shifter can continuously adjust the phase
  • the phase shifter output signal can also have a With continuous phase difference, the amplitude of the Butler matrix output signal can have a continuous adjustment process. In this case, the array beam is fed to obtain continuous beam width adjustment.
  • Table 1 below shows some typical data statistics of the input signal phase difference and the phase shifter output signal and the amplitude and phase of the Butler matrix output signal under different phase shifting conditions of the phase shifter.
  • Phz_Out represents the phase shifter output phase
  • Amp_M_Out represents Butler matrix output amplitude
  • Phz_M_Out represents the output phase of the Butler matrix. It can be known that when the phase shifter has a phase difference of 45°, the output amplitude of the 1 and 4 output signals of the Butler matrix output signal can be zero. The two vibrators act to achieve the maximum beamwidth under this model condition.
  • the simulation can realize the change of the angle range of 20° ⁇ 37.5°, by adjusting the environmental conditions of the intermediate radiation unit, such as: adjusting the reflector or block
  • the height of the board, the increase or decrease of the spacing between adjacent vibrators, etc., the horizontal beam width adjustment can be further expanded; at the same time, the same structure in the vertical direction of the antenna can also realize the adjustment of the beam width in the vertical direction of the antenna.
  • the antenna horizontal azimuth and the lobed downtilt can be adjusted by adding a phase shifter at the output signal of the Butler matrix, adjusting the output phase of the signal, and realizing the horizontal azimuth of the antenna and the lobing downtilt angle, thereby realizing the antenna system two-dimensional.
  • the pattern is adjustable.
  • the present invention can realize that the horizontal beam width of the antenna system can be adjusted, and the antenna transmitting and receiving signals are an inverse process, and the principle is the same, and thus will not be described herein. Clever use of the phase difference of the mirror phase shifter makes the output signals of the Butler matrix have equal phase, does not require additional cable phase compensation, and is simple in structure and easy to implement.

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种二维辐射方向图可重构的天线系统，包括用于发射和接收信号的天线振子阵列模块；用于在天线振子阵列模块发射信号前形成水平和垂直波束特性的巴特勒矩阵模块，其由3dB电桥组成；一用于传输馈电网络或者收发信机提供的输入信号，并为巴特勒矩阵模块提供输入信号的移相器模块，其包括至少一个等功率分配的移相器；其中移相器模块具有一个输入端口和四个输出端口，巴特勒矩阵模块具有多个输入端口和多个输出端口，移相器模块的四个输出端口均与巴特勒矩阵模块的输入端口连接，巴特勒矩阵模块的输出端口与天线振子阵列模块连接。本发明的天线系统，其波束宽度可调、结构简单、易于实现。

Description

一种二维辐射方向图可重构的天线系统 技术领域
本发明涉及无线通信技术领域，具体地是涉及一种二维辐射方向图可重构的天线系统。
背景技术
在无线通信覆盖中，每个天线控制一定范围的区域，该区域称为扇区或者小区，在该区域内天线接收和辐射电磁波，通过控制波瓣下倾角来控制辐射半径，通过设定水平波束宽度来决定小区的扇区覆盖区域。
天线的下倾角调节可以采用多种方式，机械下倾以及电调下倾，相对来说技术发展已经较为成熟；而考虑到不同的小区的扇区覆盖区域，需要天线在水平波束宽度等指标参数做出相应调整，现有的传统的天线波束宽度固定，考虑到不同应用环境要重新研发设计新的天线以适应指标要求，造成了研发成本的增加和天线物质资源的浪费。
因此，亟需构思一种波束宽度可调的方法来改善其问题，降低研发成本和增加天线的适用性。
发明概述
技术问题
问题的解决方案
技术解决方案
本发明旨在提供一种二维辐射方向图可重构的天线系统，其波束宽度可调、结构简单、易于实现。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明的技术方案是：
一种二维辐射方向图可重构的天线系统，包括：
一用于发射和接收信号的天线振子阵列模块，其由若干等间距±45°双极化振子组成；
一用于在所述天线振子阵列模块发射信号前形成水平和垂直波束特性的巴特勒 矩阵模块，其由3dB电桥组成；
一用于传输馈电网络或者收发信机提供的输入信号，并为所述巴特勒矩阵模块提供输入信号的移相器模块，其包括至少一个等功率分配的移相器；
其中所述移相器模块具有一个输入端口和四个输出端口，所述巴特勒矩阵模块具有多个输入端口和多个输出端口，所述移相器模块的四个输出端口均与所述巴特勒矩阵模块的输入端口连接，所述巴特勒矩阵模块的输出端口与所述天线振子阵列模块连接。
优选地，所述移相器为镜像移相器。
优选地，所述天线振子阵列模块包括四个等间距±45°双极化振子，相邻振子间距为105mm。
优选地，所述3dB电桥为90度3dB电桥。
发明的有益效果
有益效果
采用上述技术方案，本发明至少包括如下有益效果：
本发明所述的二维辐射方向图可重构的天线系统，由多输入多输出的巴特勒矩阵实现信号的幅度分配可调可控，进而实现天线水平或垂直波束宽度连续可调。
对附图的简要说明
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例的天线系统的示意框图；
图2为本发明实施例的天线系统的立体示意图；
图3为本发明实施例的天线系统的工作原理示意图；
图4为相位差为5°的天线系统的辐射方向图的仿真图；
图5为相位差为20°的天线系统的辐射方向图的仿真图；
图6为相位差为45°的天线系统的辐射方向图的仿真图。
其中：11.移相器模块，12.巴特勒矩阵模块，13.天线振子阵列模块。
实施该发明的最佳实施例
本发明的最佳实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
如图1至图3所示，为符合本发明的一种二维辐射方向图可重构的天线系统，包括：
一用于发射和接收信号的天线振子阵列模块13，其由若干等间距±45°双极化振子组成；
一用于在所述天线振子阵列模块13发射信号前形成水平和垂直波束特性的巴特勒矩阵模块12，其由3dB电桥组成；
一用于传输馈电网络或者收发信机提供的输入信号，并为所述巴特勒矩阵模块12提供输入信号的移相器模块11，其包括至少一个等功率分配的移相器；
其中所述移相器模块11具有一个输入端口和四个输出端口，所述巴特勒矩阵模块12具有多个输入端口和多个输出端口，所述移相器模块11的四个输出端口均与所述巴特勒矩阵模块12的输入端口连接，所述巴特勒矩阵模块12的输出端口与所述天线振子阵列模块13连接。
上述方案所述的模块仅为天线系统所需的主要模块，还可以包括馈电网络模块，用于调节天线波瓣下倾角和水平方位角；本发明同时结合馈电网络模块实现信号下倾角和水平方位角可调，提高天线对环境的适用性，节省了研发成本和天线物质资源，系统结构简单，易于对天线进行远程控制和实时优化。
上述天线巴特勒矩阵模块12和天线振子阵列模块13中相应的电桥个数和振子个数不仅限于本发明实施例中的个数，还具有一定的扩展性。
优选地，所述移相器为镜像移相器。
优选地，所述天线振子阵列模块13包括四个等间距±45°双极化振子，相邻振子间距为105mm。
优选地，所述3dB电桥为90度3dB电桥。
在一优选实施例中，以四进四出巴特勒矩阵为例，系统包括移相器模块11、巴 特勒矩阵模块12、天线振子阵列模块13，系统馈电网络或者收发信机的输出信号进入一出四的镜像移相器模块11，然后由移相器输出的信号输入由90度3dB电桥构成的巴特勒矩阵模块12，巴特勒矩阵输出的信号对天线振子阵列进行馈电，天线振子阵列发出的信号合成天线波瓣方向图，通过调节移相器，改变输入到巴特勒矩阵的信号的相位，进而影响巴特勒矩阵的输出信号的功率大小，在保证副瓣指标要求的前提下，对天线振子以不同的功率进行馈电，可以实现天线的波束宽度在一定角度范围内连续可调。
图3为本发明实施例的天线系统的工作原理，设输入信号用S_In表示，镜像移相器的四个端口输出信号分别用S_Out(1)、S_Out(1)、S_Out(3)、S_Out(4)表示，巴特勒矩阵模块12四端口输出信号分别用M_Out(1)、M_Out(2)、M_Out(3)、M_Out(4)表示，移相器移动相位用Delta_Phz表示；由图3容易得到S_Out(1)和S_Out(2)的相位差为2*Delta_Phz；同理，S_Out(4)和S_Out(3)的相位差也为2*Delta_Phz。输入信号经过等功率分配的镜像移相器得到移相器输出信号功率相等，输出信号的相位由移相器决定，具有相等相位差的移相器输出信号输入给90度3dB电桥的两个输入端口，根据巴特勒矩阵原理可以得到巴特勒矩阵的输出信号，由不同相位差可以得到不同的功率分配的输出信号，根据巴特勒矩阵工作原理可以知道此种结构巴特勒矩阵输出信号的相位差相等；而巴特勒矩阵输出的不同功率分配的信号对天线振子阵列进行馈电，可以调整天线的波束宽度；由于移相器可以对相位进行连续调节，则移相器输出信号也同样可以有一个连续相位差，巴特勒矩阵输出信号的幅度可以有一个连续调节过程，此种情况对阵列振子进行馈电就可以得到连续的波束宽度的调节。
下表1为移相器不同移相情况下，输入信号相位差和移相器输出信号以及巴特勒矩阵输出信号的幅度和相位的一些典型数据统计，其中Phz_Out表示移相器输出相位，Amp_M_Out表示巴特勒矩阵输出幅度，Phz_M_Out表示巴特勒矩阵输出相位，可以知道，在移相器相差为45°时，可以使巴特勒矩阵输出信号的1路和4路输出幅度值为零，此时只有中间两个振子起作用，实现此模型条件下的波束宽度的最大值。
表1 移相器和巴特勒矩阵输出信号统计
[Table 1]
Figure PCTCN2018102433-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2018102433-appb-000002
以1710-2170MHz频段为例，采用四个等间距±45°双极化振子，设定相邻振子间距为105mm，通过仿真可以得到阵列辐射信号的方向图，如图4至图6所示，下表2为表1对应的辐射方向图的波宽和旁瓣抑制具体数值统计；仿真可以实现20°～37.5°角度范围的变化，通过调整中间辐射单元环境条件，如：调整反射板或者挡板的高度、加大或者减小相邻振子间间距等，水平波束宽度调节还可以得到进一步的扩展；同时，在天线垂直方向设置相同结构也可以实现天线垂直方向波束宽度的调节。
天线水平方位角和波瓣下倾角的调节可以通过在巴特勒矩阵输出信号处加移相器，调节信号的输出相位，实现天线水平方位角和波瓣下倾角可调，从而实现天线系统二维方向图可调。
表2天线辐射方向图波宽和旁瓣统计
[Table 2]
Figure PCTCN2018102433-appb-000003
综上所述，本发明可以实现天线系统的水平波束宽度可调节，天线发射和接收信号是一个逆过程，原理相同，因此在此不作赘述。巧妙的利用镜像移相器的相位差，使得巴特勒矩阵的输出信号具有相等的相位，不需要额外的电缆相位补偿，结构简单，易于实现。
对所公开的实施例的上述说明，使本领域专业技术人员能够实现或使用本发明。对这些实施例的多种修改对本领域的专业技术人员来说将是显而易见的，本文中所定义的一般原理可以在不脱离本发明的精神或范围的情况下，在其它实施例中实现。因此，本发明将不会被限制于本文所示的这些实施例，而是要符合与本文所公开的原理和新颖特点相一致的最宽的范围。

Claims (4)

  1. 一种二维辐射方向图可重构的天线系统，其特征在于，包括：
    一用于发射和接收信号的天线振子阵列模块，其由若干等间距±45°双极化振子组成；
    一用于在所述天线振子阵列模块发射信号前形成水平和垂直波束特性的巴特勒矩阵模块，其由3dB电桥组成；
    一用于传输馈电网络或者收发信机提供的输入信号，并为所述巴特勒矩阵模块提供输入信号的移相器模块，其包括至少一个等功率分配的移相器；
    其中所述移相器模块具有一个输入端口和四个输出端口，所述巴特勒矩阵模块具有多个输入端口和多个输出端口，所述移相器模块的四个输出端口均与所述巴特勒矩阵模块的输入端口连接，所述巴特勒矩阵模块的输出端口与所述天线振子阵列模块连接。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的二维辐射方向图可重构的天线系统，其特征在于：所述移相器为镜像移相器。
  3. 如权利要求1或2所述的二维辐射方向图可重构的天线系统，其特征在于：所述天线振子阵列模块包括四个等间距±45°双极化振子，相邻振子间距为105mm。
  4. 如权利要求1-3任一所述的二维辐射方向图可重构的天线系统，其特征在于：所述3dB电桥为90度3dB电桥。
PCT/CN2018/102433 2018-01-01 2018-08-27 一种二维辐射方向图可重构的天线系统 WO2019137015A1 (zh)

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